Department of Education

Science 8 Typhoon

Second Quarter - Week 4

Melanie B. Melegrito Ligaya Sedano

Writers

Onofre C. Santos, EdD

Rosendo E. Sangalang, EdD

Validators

Edward R. Montojo

Felipe W. Marapao Jr.

Eduardo L. Kondo

Armida S. Oblinada Quality Assurance Team

Schools Division Office – Muntinlupa City Student Center for Life Skills Bldg., Centennial Ave., Brgy. Tunasan, Muntinlupa City (02) 8805-9935 / (02) 8805-9940

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Most Essential Learning Competency:

Explain how typhoon develops and how it is affected by land masses and bodies

of water. S8ES-llc-17

Objectives:

1. Characterize a typhoon and how it develops 2. Describe the wind speed and air pressure in the different parts of typhoon 3. Describe the effects of the eye and eyewall of the typhoon as it passes

through an area 4. Explain how landmasses and bodies of water affect the typhoon

Directions: Read each question carefully and encircle the correct answer. 1. Where do intense cyclones occur?

A. Atlantic Ocean C. Indian Continent B. Bahama Islands D. Pacific Ocean

2. Which of the following has a wind speed of more than 200 kph?

A. Super Typhoon C. Typhoon B. Tropical Depression D. Tropical Storm

3. How are typhoons formed?

A. The cold ocean water heats up the air above and rises resulting low-pressure area B. The heat makes the air is rise even more, and air in the surrounding keep coming in C. The water vapor soon condenses and heat is given off and air starts to spin D. Both B and C.

4. What do Tropical cyclone or Typhoon called?

A. Bagyo B. Baha C. Buhawi D. Tsunami

5. PAGASA has just raised typhoon signal number three in Metro Manila and neighbouring Northern Luzon provinces. What does this mean?

A. Winds up to 60 kph may be expected in the locality B. Winds from 60 – 100 kph may be expected within the next 24 hours

C. Winds with a speed of 100 – 185 kph are expected in the area in at least 18 hours

D. Winds with a speed greater than 185kph are expected to hit the area in at least 12 hours

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For item number 6: Location A is within the eye of the tropical cyclone. B, C and D are locations that are more and more distant from the eye. The air pressure at the different locations are:

LOCATION A B C D

Air Pressure in millibar (mb)

930 960 980 990

6. Compare the air pressures at A, B, C and D. What do you notice?

A. The air pressure at A (within the eye of the typhoon) is less than the air pressures at locations away from the eye. B. The air pressure at A (within the eye of the typhoon) is greater than the air pressures at locations away from the eye. C. The air pressure at A (within the eye of the typhoon) is equal the air pressures at locations away from the eye. d. The air pressure at A (within the eye of the typhoon) is has no effect to any locations away from the eye.

7. What is the weather condition in the eye of a typhoon?

A. fair B. cloudy C. rainy D. windy

8. How are cyclones formed?

A. wind is drawn into a low pressure area at the Earth’s surface, forming a

spiral pattern

B. high pressure air pushes wind away causing a drain effect

C. three air masses meet head on and roll backwards, causing a typhoon and a

hurricane

D. A and B are correct. 9. How typhoon signals are raised?

A. speed of the wind C. strength of the wind

B. strength and speed of the wind D. speed and current of the water

10. Tacloban City was devastated by the abnormal rise in seawater during typhoon Yolanda on November 8, 2013 causes to 6,190 deaths. Which of the following refers to the abnormal rise of seawater during storms?

A. Thunderstorm C. Storm Surge B. Hurricane D. Windstorm

Activity 1 DIRECTIONS: Arrange the jumbled letters to come up with its proper term. Write your answer on the blank.

__________1. TRUSC, earth’s outermost surface

__________2. EMANTL, earth’s thickest layer __________3. ROCE, innermost part of the earth

__________4. EISSICM SWAEV, energy released during earthquake

__________5. FAECSRU WASEV, are felt during the earthquake

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Activity 2

Directions: Complete the sentences in the paragraph. Choose and encircle the correct answer in the parenthesis.

The (P wave, S wave, L wave) is a longitudinal wave that is first released

during an Earthquake. It can pass through solids, liquids and gases. The (P

wave, S wave, L wave), on the other hand, is a (transverse wave, love wave,

Reyleigh wave) that follows the P waves. It can pass through (solids, liquid,

gas) only. Together, they provide the scientists a clear picture of the Earth’s inner

layers.

Are you familiar with this picture? Yes, your right, this is Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) that hit

Philippines and caused catastrophic damage in

2013. What is Typhoon? How do we characterize? And how it is develop?

A Typhoon is a mature tropical cyclone that develops in the western part of the North Pacific

Ocean between 180° and 100°E. This region is

referred to as the northwest Pacific basin. The term typhoon is used only in the northwestern part of the

Pacific Ocean.

In the northeastern part of the Pacific Ocean

and in the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean, the equivalent term is hurricane. Thus, a hurricane on

one side of the Pacific Ocean will be called a typhoon

if it crosses into the other side.

In the Philippines, we use the same word for

all the categories of tropical cyclones. We call it “bagyo” whether it is a tropical depression, a

tropical storm or a typhoon. The air pressure is

lowest at the eye of a tropical cyclone. This is the reason why the surrounding air blows toward the

eye. A barometer will show decreasing air pressure

as a tropical cyclone approaches.

A tropical cyclone is a large scale atmosphere system by heavy rains accompanied by

strong circulating wind. The main parts of a tropical

cyclone are the rain bands, the eye, and the eyewall. The air pressure within the eye of the

typhoon is less than the air pressure at the location

away from the eye. The wind speed at the eyewall is

Typhoon Haiyan at peak intensity

and approaching the Philippines

on November 7, 2013.

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much greater than the wind speed at the eye. It is classified in four categories

according to PAGASA. These are namely: TD, TS, STS, TY, STY. ( see the label in the figure beside )

Tropical cyclones or typhoons in the Philippines usually start in the

Pacific Ocean and form where there is warm water. The warm ocean heats up

the air above it and heated air rises vertically upward producing

a low-pressure area (LPA). Then,

sea breeze and land breeze occur. The rising warm air

contains water vapor and these

condensed water vapors form clouds. When water vapor

vaporizes and cools, it condenses

and gives off heat. More heated air rises and cold air moves towards

the space vacated by warm air.

Wind or moving air caused by unequal heating starts to rotate

and twist, bringing into being a

typhoon.

Landforms determine weather and affect typhoons by affecting the flow of

air. Landforms serve as barriers to the flow such that air tends to move vertically

upward. By driving air

currents upwards, the

water will precipitated

out into rain then to

typhoon or snow.

However, by driving air

currents away from an

area, a desert will

formed. Typhoons

weaken when they fall on

land because they need

warm water and water

vapor to sustain and

keep them going.

The bodies of

water around the

vicinity of the Philippines

are warm because the

Philippines is located near the equator. The warm water supplies the water vapor

that a typhoon needs to keep it going. However, if the water becomes cold, the

typhoon may weaken and die out. *The Coriolis Effect describes the turn of the wind to the right in the Northern Hemisphere caused by earth's rotation *Humidity, a quantity representing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere or in a gas.

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Activity 1

Directions: Match the pictures of formation of typhoon with their

respective events or scenarios. Write the correct letter that corresponds to

each figure.

A. High humidity and ocean temperature of over 26 °C are major

contributing factors. Water evaporates from the ocean surface and meets

a mass of cold air, forming clouds.

B. A column of low pressure develops at the center. Winds form around the

column.

C. As pressure in the central column (the eye) weakens, the speed of the

wind around it increases.

Activity 2: Picture Analysis: Based from the picture, complete the Table below.

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Activity 1

Directions: Sequence the formation of typhoon. Write the name inside

the box that corresponds to the correct order.

Melai

Warm moist air moves over the ocean.

Glenn

Water vapor rises into the atmosphere.

JB

As the water vapor rises, it cools and condenses

into liquid droplets.

Ofel

Condensation releases

heat into the atmosphere making the air lighter.

Anie

The warmed air

continues to rise with moist air from the ocean taking its place creating

more wind.

I. Category Speed

1. Super Typhoon

2. 118 – 220 KPH

3. Severe Tropical Storm

4. 62 – 88 KPH

5. Tropical Depression

II. How will you categorize Typhoon Yolanda?

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

__________________

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Activity 2 Directions: TRUE or FALSE: Write T if the statement is True, then F if it is incorrect. ________1. The lowest air pressure is at the eye of a tropical cyclone.

________2. At the eye of a tropical cyclone, wind speed is high.

________3. At the eyewall, the wind speed is great.

________4. When the eye of a topical cyclone passes over a certain place, it is

the winds at the eyewall that wreak a lot of damage.

________5. The eyewall is clear, calm center of storm. Activity 3 Directions: Write the corresponding wind speed of the following:

1. Tropical Depression = _________________ 2. Tropical Storm = _________________ 3. Severe Tropical Storm = _________________

4. Typhoon = _________________ 5. Super Typhoon = _________________

Directions: Complete the statements below. Choose your answers from the given list. Typhoon Vertically upward Typhoon Warm

Bagyo Tropical Depression Super Typhoon Pacific Ocean Tropical Storm Severe Tropical Storm

A 1)_________is a mature tropical cyclone that develops in the western part of the

North Pacific Ocean. In the Philippines, we use the same word for all categories of tropical cyclones. We call it 2) _______whether it is a tropical depression, a tropical storm or a typhoon. Tropical cyclones or typhoons in the Philippines usually start in the 3)_______ and form where there is 4)_____ water. The warm ocean heats up the air above it and heated air rises 5______________ producing a low-pressure area. Then, sea breeze and land breeze occur.

The rising warm air contains water vapor and these condensed water vapors form

clouds. When water vapor vaporizes and cools, it condenses and gives off heat. More air that is heated rises and cold air moves towards the space vacated by warm air.

Wind or moving air caused by unequal heating starts to rotate and twist, bringing

into being a typhoon. There are five classification of tropical cyclone in the Philippines these are: 6) ___________, 7) ___________, 8) ____________, 9) _____________, 10) ______________.

Directions: Read the questions very well, and then choose the best answer.

1. Which speed is greater than 200 kilometer per hour like Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) that hit Philippines and caused catastrophic damage in 2013?

A. Super Typhoon C. Typhoon B. Tropical Storm D. Tropical Depression

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2. Which of the following statements that best describe typhoon? A. is any disturbed state of a body especially affecting its surface, and strongly implying a wind force

B. is a mature tropical cyclone that develops in the western part of the

North Pacific Ocean and form where there is warm water. C. is a type of storm called a tropical cyclone, which forms over tropical or subtropical waters. D. Both A and C. 3. Where do tropical cyclones or typhoons in the Philippines formed? A. South China Sea C. Pacific Ocean B. North Atlantic Ocean D. Antarctic Ocean 4. Which best describes a storm surge?

A. It is the expansion of the hurricane’s eye. B. It is an onshore rush of water associated with LPA. C. It is the breaking water sheds along the coastal area. D. It is a sudden and rapid increase of the intensity of a storm.

5.

A. Statement I True & II is False C. Statement I is False & II is True B. Both I and II is True D. Both I & II is False

6. How landforms and bodies of water affect typhoons? A. Typhoons gain energy from warm ocean water and lose energy

over cold water. B. Typhoons lose energy from warm ocean water and gain energy over cold water. C. Landforms and bodies of water does not affect the typhoon D. Bodies of water does not affect the typhoon. 7. Which agency that advises the public on the latest weather bulletins and

announcement? A. DENR B. DRRMC C. PAGASA D. PHIVOLCS

8. Which statement about Eye and Eyewall of typhoon is TRUE? A. The wind speed at the eyewall is much lesser than the wind speed at the eye.

B. The wind speed at the eyewall is much greater than the wind speed at the eye. C. The wind speed at the eye is the same with the wind speed at the eyewall. D. The wind speed at the eye has no effect to the wind speed at the eye wall.

For item number 9 to 13, arrange 1-5 the formation of Tropical Cyclone.

____ Warm moist air moves over the ocean.

____ Water vapor rises into the atmosphere.

____ As the water vapor rises, it cools and condenses into liquid droplets.

____ Condensation releases heat into the atmosphere making the air lighter.

____ The warned air continues to rise with moist air from the ocean taking its

place creating more wind

Statement I When the eye of a tropical cyclone passes over a certain place, the winds at the eye-wall wreak a lot of damage.

Statement II The eye is a region of mostly calm weather at the center of strong tropical cyclones.

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For item number 14 and 15, Identify the words that complete the statements:

14. What can you say about the temperature of the bodies of water in the vicinity of

the Philippines? Is the water warm or cold? ________________________

15. Typhoons in the Philippines usually start in the ______________________

ANSWER KEY:

References:

Dr. Ernest P. Macalalad, et. al, (2015).Exploring the Realms of Science 8, Jo-Es

Publishing House, Inc. Philippines.

2. Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration

(PAGASA) (May 2015). "About Tropical Cyclones: Classification of Tropical Cyclones".

PAGASA.

3. ^ Esperanza O. Cayanan (July 20, 2015). "The Philippines modified its Tropical

Cyclone Warning System" (PDF). World Meteorological Organization (WMO).

4. Science Learning Module 8

Websites:

http://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/

https://www.weather.gov/jetstream/tc_structure

https://twitter.com/panahontv/status/655363520553357312

https://www.britannica.com/science/tropical-cyclone

https://www.slideserve.com/willem/typhoons