UNIT 01 - REVIEW 02Future with going to - present 02Going to - past 03Future - will, won't 04Would, wouldn't 06Modals - can, could, may (J7Modals - should, must 08Conditional - first case 09Conditional - second case 10

UNIT 02 - PERSEVERANCE 12Present perfect 13

UNIT 03 - GIVING IT A TRY 20Present perfect - ever, already, never, yet 21

UNIT 04 - PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT 28Present perfect continuous 29

UNIT 05 - BEING STOLEN 35Passive voice 36

UNIT 06 - TALKING ABOUT YOU 41Reflexive pronouns 42

UNIT 07 - GOSSIP 47Direct and indirect speech 48

UNIT 08 - BEING INTERVIEWED 54Indirect speech - time and place expressions 55

HI THERE! ITSNICE TO SEE YOU AGAIN!

LETS REFRESH OURMEMORIES BEFORE WE

CONTINUE! HERE WE GO!

Future vvith going to - present

I ARE YOUGOING TO BUYTHE BOOK THE

TEACHER TOLD USTO READ?

NO, I'MGOING TO

BORROW IT.

• Para se referir a planas e intem;oes.

She is going to live in Canada next year.Are you going to buy that house downtown?I'm not going to lend you my car today.

• Para predizer alga baseado numa evidencia.

"Look at those dark clouds!" "It is going to rain!"She is going to be an excellent volleyball player!Bob isn't going to finish his homework. He looks very tired.

Going to - past

GOSH, I WASGOING TO

WALK IN THEPARK WITH

MARY!

en<Q)-=c-Para indicar um plano passado que nao se concretizou.

I was going to cook dinner for you but I didn't have time.Were they going to watch that movie? It's horrible!She told me she wasn't going to do that again.

01. Forme frases com as palavras dadas. Preste atem;ao nos advirbios de tempo.

Exemplos: Fred - play soccer - next Friday

Fred is going to play soccer next Friday.

Steve - read the book - last night

Steve was going to read the book last night.

a. Dave - send his resumes - next week

Dave is going to send his resumes next week.

b. Jones - start working - last month

Jones was going to start working last month.

c. Alicia - attend the meeting - tomorrow morning

Alicia is going to attend the meeting tomorrow morning.

d. Edmond - call his mother -lastfightEdmond was going to call his mother last night.

e. Patricia - have a haircut - yesterday

Patricia was going to have a haircut yesterday.

£ The Smiths - buy a new house - next yearThe Smiths are going to buy a new house next year.

Ig. We - watch the new movie - last Saturday

We were going to watch the new movie last Saturday.

h. It - be - a very cold winter

It is going to be a very cold winter.

I

•. Para predizer um acontecimento.

It will rain tomorrow.

• Para expressar uma decis{jo imediata ou espontanea.

I will take a taxi.

• Para fazer um convite.

Will you go out with me?

I'llyou'llhe'llshe'llit'll

I won'tyou won'the won'tshe won'tit won't

you'llthey'll

we won'tyou won'tthey won't

02. Siga 0 modelo.

you - live - in Australia - Spain

Will you live in Australia?

No, I won't. I'll live in Spain.

a. she - buy - the blue sweater - the black one

Will she buy the blue sweater?

No, she won't. She'll buy the black one.

b. they - drink - coffee - tea

Will they drink coffee?

No, they won't. They'll drink tea. tn<CD-=C-

c. he - stay - here - in a hotel

Will he stay here?

d. John - play - with us - go home

Will John play with us?

e. Karin - wash - the dishes - the car

Will Karin wash the dishes?

£ Maria - wear - the black dress - the red one

Will Maria wear the black dress?

g. Michael - travel - to the beach - to the country

Will Michael travel to the beach?

h. we - fly - to England - to India

Will we fly to England?

A forma verbal com would corresponde aterminar;iio -ria, dando a idiia do que a pessoa(sujeito) faria em determinada situar;iio.

I would go to the movies with her, but I don'thave money.

Would you open the door for me, please?They wouldn't prefer to go to London because

it rains too much there.

Iyou'dhe'dshe'dit'd

we'dyou'dthey'd

03. Siga 0 modelo.

he - send her - a letter - a postcard

Would he send her a letter?

No, he wouldn't. He'd send her a postcard.

a. Erik - eat - pasta - meat

Would Erik eat pasta?

No, he wouldn't. He'd eat meat.

I wouldn'tyou wouldn'the wouldn'tshe wouldn'tit wouldn't

we wouldn'tyou wouldn'tthey wouldn't

b. Neil- write - a book - a short story

Would Neil write a book?

c. Sally - dance - pagode - forro

Would Sally dance pagode?

No, she wouldn't. She'd dance forro.

d. they - buy - a new car - new bed

Would they buy a new car?

e. Tina - go - to the party - to the mall

Would Tina go to the party?

f. Ann - visit - her relatives - her friends

Would Ann visit her relatives?

g. Bob - watch - the soap opera - soccer game

Would Bob watch the soap opera?

h. Clark - be - an artist - an office boy

Would Clark be an artist?

can + verbo (infinitivo)

Negativa:can't ou cannot

could + verbo (infinitivo)

Negativa:couldn't

may + verbo (infinitivo)

Negativa:may not

Para expressar uma habilidadeou uma capacidade jfsica oumental.

Para expressar uma habilidade nopassado ou uma possibilidade.Trata-se do verbo poder no pas-sado. No sentido de possibilidade,e traduzido como "poderia".

Para expressar permissao ou umaprobabilidade.

Can you run faster than a dog?She can speak Chinese very well.I'm sorry. I can't help you todaybecause I am too tired.

Could he swim when he was ten yearsold?Could you do me a favor, please?We couldn't get into the bar becausewe are too young.

May I take your daughter to themovies, Mr Jones?It may snow tonight. It is very cold.The students may not leave theclassroom before the end of the class.

en<Q)-=C•••

a. Dolphins c_an swim very fast if they want.

b. Catherine couldn't take the test because she got in the school too late.

c. May I borrow your dictionary?

d. Stella can't go with us because she doesn't have money.

e. I could call her if I had her phone number.

£ They may not leave until they finish their work.

g. Lenny can't help us because he is sick.

h. Brian couldn't find his keys last night.

i It may rain this afternoon. Look at those clouds.

J. Jennifer can come to our house every time she wants.

• Para expressaraconse Ihamento.

II should + verbo(infinitivo)

Negativa:shouldn't

must + verbo(infinitivo)

Negativa:mustn't

• Para indicar uma possibili-dade forte.

• Para indicar proibi(iio,quando na forma negativa.

EXEMPLOS

Should they keep working? Theylook so tired!I think you should try that blueblouse.John shouldn't drink so much. It'sbad for him.

The concert should start at any timenow.

She must arrive before 2 p.m. if shewants the job.I have many bills to pay, so I mustwork.You must find that document! It'svery important!

You must be kidding!Steven has a Lamborghini. He mustbe very rich.This is a gas station. You mustn'tsmoke here!

You mustn't play with the cigarettelighter because you will get burned.People mustn't talk on the cellphone while driving.

a. Politicians sh_o_u_ld_n_'_t be dishonest. They sh_o_u_ld work for the people.

b. I m_us_t talk to her. It is extremely important!

should go home and sleep.

play with fire.

e. He sh_o_u_ld_n_'_t talk to her like that. She always cries when he does that.

f. She doesn't have money and she needs to buy food. What s_h_ou_l_d she do?

g. This meeting is very important. I m_us_t get there in time.

h. Doctors m_u_stn_'t drink whisky before operations.

i It is very cold today. You sh_o_u_ld put on your sweater.

J. The test is going to be very difficult. We m_us_t study a lot.

en<CD-0)C-

uma condiyaoIf I have money,

uma conseqiienciaI'll buy that book.

Se a ora~iio referente a conseqi.lencia vier primeiro, niio se usa a vfrgula.I'll buy that book if I have money.If Joe goes to Rio de Janeiro, he'll visit Cristo Redentor.Joe'll visit Cristo Redentor if he goes to Rio de Janeiro.

06. Reescreva as frases na forma invertida.Exemplos: If they don't call me today, I will go there.

I will go there if they don't call me today.They will stop working if you don't pay them.If you don't pay them, they will stop working.

a. If it rains, the game will be canceled.The game will be canceled if it rains.

b. Nikki will go home if the band doesn't start playing soon.

If the band doesn't start playing soon, Nikki will go home.

c. If you don't tell her, she will never know you like her.

She will never know you like her if you don't tell her.

d. Daniel will move to Italy if he gets the job.

If Daniel gets the job, he will move to Italy.

e. If we start playing cards now, we won't stop until it is morning.

We won't stop until it is morning if we start playing cards now.

f Andy will cook for us if we buy her a gift.

If we buy Andy a gift, she will cook for us.

g. If you don't like to listen to me, I won't speak to you anymore.

I won't speak to you anymore if you don't like to listen to me.

h. Toni won't decide which one she wants if we don't help her.

If we don't help Toni, she won't decide which one she wants.

II r?'J}\

f

I/

Jl--

IF I HADMONEY, I

WOULD BUYTHAT BOOK.

uma conchfdoIf I had money,

uma consequenciaI would buy that book.

Assim como na condicional do primeiro caso, nao e necessario colocar a vfrgula quando aconseqiiencia for apresentada antes da condigao.

I would buy that book if I had money.

Ao usar 0 verbo to be no condiciona/ do segundo caso/ adota-se were para todas as pessoas.Assim/ substitui-se was por were.

If I were you, I would choose that table.

The doctor would help the victims if he were in the scene of the accident.

07. Reescreva as frases na forma invertida.

Exemplo: If I were smarter, I would be rich.

I would be rich if I were smarter.

a. If they read more, they wouldn't be so uninformed.

They wouldn't be so uninformed if they read more.

b. Carl would have much more fun if he didn't worry so much about things.

If Carl didn't worry so much about things, he would have much more fun.

"<CD-c. If Lucy thought before acting, she wouldn't make so many mistakes.

Lucy wouldn't make so many mistakes if she thought before acting.

d. Philip would send them a postcard if he had one.

If Philip had a postcard, he would send them one.

c-e. If I were you, I would start thinking about the future.

I would start thinking about the future if I were you.

f. Morgan would go to the beach more often if she had a house there.

If Morgan had a house at the beach, she would go there more often.

g. If they were more polite, they wouldn't be making so much noise.

They wouldn't be making so much noise if they were more polite.

h. Ruth would go to the party if she weren't sick today.

If Ruth weren't sick today, she would go the party.

Anotac;.oes

II

A PERSISfEN1 COUPLE

Lilian and okiro have been married for three yearS. They have beentogether for mare than ten yearS, but in the beginning, when they wantedto get married, they didrit have money. They worked hard, saved money andgot married. "We have been very happy together all these years," they say.

~ beginning - come~o

-01. Are you a persistent person?

-"'" Present perfect--.. en

<I)-0)MY PARENTS CCALLED ME TODAY. I -HAVEN'T TALKED

IWITH THEM FORMONTHS.

Para formarmos 0 present perfect usamos 0 auxiliar have ou has e 0 verbo principal (que indicaa a~iio nafrase) no partidpio. Observe que niio se trata do verbo "ter", mas sim de um auxiliar detempo.

I have workedyou have workedhe has workedshe has workedit has worked

we have workedyou have workedthey have worked

o present perfect e usado para descrever:• uma a~iio que come~ou no passado e continua no presente;

They have been married since 2000.

• uma a~iio que ainda pode ser repetida;

We have played soccer three times this month. (0 mes ainda niio acabou e a a~iio pode serrepetida.)

• uma a~iio repetida num perCodo niio especificado do passado;

I have gone to that museum several times. (Niio if indicado quando.)

• uma a~iio que acaba de ser completada.

She has just watched the movie.

Mais exemplos:

Have you played the guitar since you were a child?He has worked in that company for eight years.I haven't seen her today.Have you seen The Lord of the Rings?Someone has just broken the window glass!

NO PRESENT PERFECT,USAMOS MUITO OS ADVERBIOS

JUST, SINCE (DESDE) E FOR (POR).ELES ESTABELECEM UMA RELA~A~O

NTRE 0 PASSADO E 0 PRESENTIDA A~Xo.

II01. De respostas afirmativas e negativas as perguntas.

Exemplo: Have you finished your homework?

Yes, I have finished my homework.

No, I haven't finished my homework.

a. Have you seen a movie this week?

Yes, I have seen a movie this week.

b. Has she called her brother?

Yes, she has called her brother.

c. Have they traveled this year?

Yes, they have traveled this year.

d. Has Jack bought new clothes lately?

Yes, he has bought new clothes lately.

No, he hasn't bought new clothes lately.

e. Have you understood the lessons?

-., Yes, I have understood the lessons.

f. Has she received letters recently?

Yes, she has received letters recently.

g. Have your friends visited you this month?

Yes, they have visited me this month.

h. Have I been a good friend?

Yes, you have been a good friend.fI)

<G)-CDC-02. Assinale a melhor alternativa e preencha a lacuna.

___ ~ finished washing the car.I. I have just

a. ( ) sinceb. ( X ) justc. ( ) for

II. She has lived in Parisa. (X ) smce.•....••

b. ( ) forc. ( ) just

......

r-. III. They have studied Japanesea. ( ) smceb. ( ) justc. ( X ) for

IV. Have you thoughta. (X) thoughtb. ( ) taughtc. ( ) think

V. Has she taken the trash out?a. ( ) haveb. ( ) didc. ( X ) has

"'"" VI. What have you done lately ?'""" a. ( ) yesterday

b. (X ) latelyc. ( ) tomorrow

I

03. Faga perguntas com as palavras dadas.

Exemplo: he - ever -live - abroadHas he ever lived abroad?

a. Sarah - think - about him -lately

Has Sarah thought about him lately?

b. they - work - a lot - recently

Have they worked a lot recently?

c. he - just - finish - reading the book

Has he just finished reading the book?

d. Maggie - stop - smoking

Has Maggie stopped smoking?

e. you - learn - how to drive

Have you learned how to drive?

f the policemen - protect - the citizens - lately

Have the policemen protected the citizens lately?

g. what - you - do - this week

What have you done this week?

h. where - she - go - this month

Where has she gone this month?

Escolha a alternativa correta.a. (X) Sidney has arrived late since he got married.

( ) Sidney has arrived late just he got married.

b. ( ) I have for seen Michael Jackson in the street!( X) I have just seen Michael Jackson in the street!

c. ( ) Melissa have loved to eat peanuts since she was a child.( X) Melissa has loved to eat peanuts since she was a child.

d. (X) What has he done since he got married?( ) What has he did since he got married?

e. (X) They have helped us this week.( ) They have helped us last week.

f. ( ) I haven't drunk grape juice since years.( X) I haven't drunk grape juice for years.

Gary - So, Monica, what have you done lately?

Monica - Nothing much. I have gone to theclub on weekends.

Gary - And what have you done there?

Monica - I have swum a lot and I have talkedto some friends too.

Gary - What have you talked about?

Monica - We have talked about politics lately.You know, because of the elections.

Gary - Have you chosen a candidate?

Monica - Not yet. I still have to think about it.

Gary - And what have you done on weekdays? (I)Monica - I have worked and studied. Wait a minute, what is this, an interrogatory? <CD--

c-

Tlie road to success is dotted witli many temyting yarking yraces.

wlien tlie worM says, "Give !p,"Hc!pe wlii.pers, "Try it one more time."

:>.,~. .;~,

Tlie d1ference 6etweenyerseverance and 06stinacy i;tliat one comesfrom a strong wirr, and tlieotlierfrom a strong won't.

wlien you get to tlie end ef your rc!pe, tie a knot and liang on.

Gary - So, Monica, what have you done lately?

Monica - Nothing much. I have gone to theclub on weekends.

Gary - And what have you done there?

Monica - I have swum a lot and I have talkedto some friends too.

Gary - What have you talked about?

Monica - We have talked about politics lately.You know, because of the elections.

Gary - Have you chosen a candidate?

Monica - Not yet. I still have to think about it.

Gary - And what have you done on weekdays? (I)Monica - I have worked and studied. Wait a minute, what is this, an interrogatory? <I)-0)

C••

The road' to success is d'otted'with many temyting yarking yraces.

'~

The d'1ference Getweenyerseverance and' oGstinacy is that one comesfrom a strong wirr, and' theotherfrom a strong won't.

when you get to the end' cj your rc!pe, tie a knot and' hang on.

Don't be tifraid to give your best to what seemingry-~re smdrrjobs. 'Every time you conquer oneit makes you that much stronger. if you do the fltde jobs wefr, the big ones wirr tend to take careif themsefves.

Farr seven times, stand tp eight.

II

is dotted - e ponti/hadatempting - tentadoresparking - para estacionargive up - desistawhispers - sussurraobstinacy - obstinac;60will - vontade

seemingly - aparentementeconquer - conquistatake care of themselves - °darconta de si mesmos

. rope - cordatie a knot - dar um nohang on - agarre-se

01. Which quote did you like the most?

(Resposta pessoal) I liked quote number ... the most.

02. Which quote didn't you like?

(Resposta pessoal) I didn't like quote number ...

03. Which quote do you agree with?

(Resposta pessoal) I agree with quote number ...

04. Which quote don't you agree with?

(Resposta pessoal) I don't agree with quote number ...

Entreviste um conhecido seu e pergunte 0 que ele tem feito nos ultimos cinco anos. Com ainforma~iio adquirida, escreva um paragrafo.

fIJ<G)-CDC-

Anotoc;.oes

ITim is going to take his 72-year-old

grandfather for a ride in his motorcycle.He has never been on a bike beforeand is a little worried about it. Timguarantees it is going to be safe andfun. "Maybe I should give it a try," saysmister Todd, the grandfather. "1 know Iam not a boy anymore, but I haven'tgiven up trying new things yet."

ride - volta, passeioguarantees - garantegive it a try - experimentarhaven't given up - n60 desistiyet - ainda

en<CD-0)c-

Present perfect - ever, already, never, yet

Como 0 present perfect indica uma ac;iio num tempo indefinido do passado, siio comuns exem-plos com os advirbios ever (ja, alguma vez), already (ja), never (nunca) e yet (ainda, em frasesnegativas).

Observe.

Have you ever been to Greece?Yes, I have already been to Greece.No, I have never been to Greece.I haven't been to Greece yet.

PRESTE A TEN?,A~OA ESTA OBSERVA?,XO

QUANTO AO USODE EVER, ALREADY

EYET.

o adverbio ever e usado em perguntas e already, em respos-tas. Quanto a yet, deve ser usado somente em frases negativas.

01. De respostas afirmativas e negativas as perguntas.

Exemplo: Have you ever been to Egypt?Yes, I have already been to Egypt.No, I have never been to Egypt.

a. Have they ever eaten Chinese food?

Yes, they have already eaten Chinese food.

II b. Has she ever drunk snake blood?

Yes, she has already drunk snake blood.

c. Have you ever seen a UFO?

Yes, I have already seen a UFO.

d. Has Mike ever played baseball?Yes, he has already played baseball.

e. Has your teacher ever taught German?Yes, my teacher has already taught German.

f. Have your friends ever swum in a river?

Yes, my friends have already swum in a river.

g. Have you ever been robbed?

Yes, I have already been robbed.

h. Have we ever watched a Chaplin movie?

Yes, we have already watched a Chaplin movie.

02. Assinale a melhor opr;ao e preencha a lacuna.I. Have you ever ridden an elephant?a. ( ) yetb. (X) everc. ( ) already

II. Jessica has n_ev_e_r__ gone to the theater.a. (X) neverb. ( ) sincec. ( ) for

III. Bob hasn't paid his bill this montha. ( ) alreadyb. ( ) justc. (X) yet

N. They __ h_a_ve_n_'t__ finished their homework because it is too difficult.a. (X) haven'tb. ( ) havec. ( ) are going to

o<G)-CDC-

V. Cassandra hasa. ( ) buyedb. ( ) botc. (X) bought

VI. We have alreadya. ( ) everb. (X) alreadyc. ( ) ready

03. Far;a perguntas com as palavras dadas.

Exemplo: Don - ever - seen -lionHas Don ever seen a lion?

a. you - ever - travel - to Europe

Have you ever traveled to Europe?

b. they - start working - yet

Haven't they started working yet?

c. the children - have breakfast - today

Have the children had breakfast today?

III

d. your mother - ever - read - Machado de Assis

Has your mother ever read Machado de Assis?

e. how - he - sleep -lately

How has he slept lately?

f. why - they - go - to school - by bus

Why have they gone to school by bus?

g. where - you - be - recently

Where have you been recently?

h. what - Josh - do - this time

What has Josh done this time?

04. Escolha a alternativa correta.

a. ( ) She has talked to an American yet.(X ) She hasn't talked to an American yet.

b. (X) Jack has never thought about that.( ) Jack hasn't never thought about that.

c. (X) Have you ever seen the acid rain?( ) Have you already seen the acid rain?

d. ( ) They have already selled the house.(X ) They have already sold the house.

e. ( ) Has it rained last month?(X ) Has it rained this month?

£ (X) What has Diana done with the money?( ) When has Diana done with the money?

05. Escreva cinco frases sobre coisas que voce nunca fez.

Exemplo: I have never seen a famous person.

Bob - Have you ever eaten Chinese food, Helen?Helen - Of course I have. Why do you ask?Bob - Nothing. Just curiosity. What is the strangest thing you

have ever eaten?Helen - I have already eaten raw fish. It was strange to me.Bob - Raw fish? Was it good?Helen - Yes, very good actually. What about you?Bob - I have already eaten horse meat.Helen - Ugh! Horse meat? It must be disgusting!Bob - No! It is very tasty! In France people like horse meat a lot.Helen - I have never eaten it and probably I will never try it!Bob - You should give it a try!

Anything we do in life requires taking risks. I don't know how many times I've heard thatdoing <insert activity here> will cause cancer. I had a lot of people tell me that I was foolishto get a motorcycle because I was putting my life in danger. I would often respond that yourisk your life if you drive a car too. I'll admit, there is a higher chance of getting into anaccident on a motorcycle than in a car and the outcome can be worse, but we must realizethat everything in life has a risk of some sort. Our job is to consider the possible outcomesand decide if the benefits are worth the risk.

Sitting on the couch watching TV could result in the radiation affecting us adversely.Taking a walk outside we risk getting run over by a car; being bit by a dog or getting skincancer from the sun. These risks are unavoidable but most people are willing to acceptthem in order to watch TV or to enjoy the outdoors. That is exactly how I feel about riding amotorcycle: the fun is worth the risk. When I have a family I may not feel the same waybecause I'll be risking the well-being of my family but I will make a new decision when thattime comes.

We should be more aware of the risks we take and realize that no matter what we dowe will be takiflg risks. Investing in a Roth IRA we risk losing all our money due to a stockmarket crash. Storing all our money under the mattress may result in it being stolen. The listgoes on and on, and being aware of the risks we're taking will help us choose appropriateactivities for ourselves.

Sometimes there are unforeseen risks, which have results we didn't even consider whenwe chose an activity. Bad things happen to good people and we have to deal with them asbest we can and move on. Of course it's much easier said than done. I have the utmostrespect for those who have gone through extremely trying circumstances and come out ofthem better for the experience. They are an inspiration to me and I hope that when I have togo through trying times I can be as optimistic and positive as others I've seen.

http://dan.hersam.com/opinions/risks.html

•<G)-mc-

foolish - bobooutcome - resultadocouch - sofageffing run over - ser atropeladosunavoidable - inevitaveiswilling - dispostos, propensosoutdoors - or livre, campowell-being - bem-estaraware - conscientes

stock market crash - quebra doBoisa de Valoresmattress - colch60unforeseen - imprevistosto deal with - lidar commove on - ir andandoutmost - extremohave gone through - passaram portrying - doloroso, penoso

~ Responda as questoes com base no texto lido.

01. According to the text, what should we do before taking risks?

Consider the possible outcomes and decide if the benefits are worth the risk.

l. ..J I don't know how many times I've heard that doing <insert activity here> willcause cancer. l. ..J

The field in bold is open to the reader's suggestion, due to the numerous existing causes for cancer.What causes can you mention?

(Resposta pessoal)

03. What does the author think about riding a motorcycle?

The fun is worth the risk.

04. What will help us choose appropriate activities?

Being aware of the risks we're taking.

05. Who does the author have the utmost respect for?

For those who have gone through extremely trying circumstances and come out of them better for

Escreva cinco frases sobre coisas diferentes que voce nunca fez (nem planeja fazer). Depois,mais cinco sobre coisas que voce nunca fez mas que planeja ainda fazer.

Exemplo: I have never eaten horse meat.I haven't driven an expensive car yet.

Anotoc;.oes

II

George has been learning how to workwith the computer. He has been taking acourse on it, but it is really difficult for him.He can)t remember how things work in thecomputer programs. He bought a PC forhimself. Hehas been practicing a lot since hegot it. "1 will never give upi/) he says.

I have been - I've beenyou have been - you've beenhe has been - he's beenshe has been - she's beenit has been - it's been

o present perfect continuous e usadopara descrever situaf50es que comef5aramno passado e continuam no presente.

She has been watching TV since lastnight.

They haven't been running inside thehouse because I asked them to stop.

Have you been living in Japan for fiveyears?

Haven't they been working on thatproject since May?

How long have you been studyingEnglish?

we have been - we've beenyou have been - you've beenthey have been - they've been

I've been looking for my keys for hours but I can't find them.We've been trying to fix the car since it broke down.

01. De respostas ajirmativas e negativas as perguntas.

Exemplo: Have you been listening to this song?Yes, I have been listening to this song.No, I haven't been listening to this song.

a. Have they been talking?

Yes, they have been talking.

No, they haven't been talking.

b. Has Sharon been calling you?

Yes, she has been calling me.

No, she hasn't been calling me.

c. Have your parents been traveling?

Yes, they have been traveling.

IId. Has the camel been drinking much water?

Yes, it has been drinking much water.

No, it hasn't been drinking much water.

e. Have the famous actors been walking on the streets?

Yes, they have been walking on the streets.

No, they haven't been walking on the streets.

£ Have you been doing something illegal?

Yes, I have been doing something illegal.

No, I haven't been doing something illegal.

g. Have we been answering you right?

Yes, you have been answering me right.

No, you haven't been answering me right.

h. Has Fred been taking swimming lessons?

Yes, he has been taking swimming lessons.

02. Fac;a perguntas para as seguintes respostas.

Exemplo: What have you been reading?I have been reading this magazine.

a. What have they been eating?

They have been eating fruits.

b. Where has she been sleeping?

She has been sleeping in the living-room.

Who has been taking photos at the party?

Mike has been taking photos at the party.

d. Why have the girls been crying?

The girls have been crying because they are sad.

Lucy has been working with animals. She is a veterinarian.

£ Where have they been playing soccer?

They have been playing soccer at the university.

a. ( ) Johnny has being running after her all morning.( X) Johnny has been running after her all morning.

b. (X) The president has been working a lot since the beginning.( ) The president have been working a lot since the beginning.

c. (X) She has been calling me all day!( ) She has been called me all day!

d. ( ) What they have been doing in there?( X) What have they been doing in there?

"'" e. ( ) Patricia hasn't been thinking about it late."""" ( X) Patricia hasn't been thinking about it lately.

£ ( X) I have been trying to be a nice person since I was born.( ) I have been trying to be a nice person since I am born.

04. Escreva um paragrafo sobre 0 que voce tem feUo ultimamente em sua profissao.Exemplo:

-+-h<l IO-s-+- No I

is som<l-+-hin9 dirrU<ln-r -ro do. this W<ld. "I ho-v<l

!<l-r-rus O-nd O-nswuin3 -rh<l -r<l!<lfhon<l...

I

Bill - Ted, can you help me here?

Ted - What is the problem, Bill?

Bill - I have been trying to turn on the TV for half an hour, but I just can't do it!

Ted - Have you tried to use the remote control?

Bill - Yes, I have.

Ted - Didn't it work?

Bill - No. I think there is a problem with the TV.

Ted - It can't be. It is a new model. How long hasn't it been working?

Bill - I don't know. I just got home and tried to turn it on, but. ..

Ted - Maybe we should call a technician to fix it.

Bill - Yes, maybe.

Ted - Wait a minute. It's not plugged in. That's why it is not working!

Bill - Oh, no! I have been trying to turn it on for half an hour! What a waste of time!

R

THe WHfTe eLePHRMT RMD THe c~ueL HUMTe~In the jt.m3le of /hailand there lived a

rare white elephant. He had a Jrlother whowas blind. Every do.y) the litile elephant3athered sU3ar cane) 3rass) hahahas and otherfruits for his Jrlother to eat.

One day a hunter hecaJrle lost ih thejUh31e and sat dOWh) cryih3 very hard. /hekihd elephant felt so sorry for the hunterthat he carried hiJrl on his hack out ofthe jun3le. /he hunter) thinkih3 ohly ofhiJrlself) knew a white elephant wasva-luable. He rah to the kih3 who 3ave

hiJrl perJrliSSioh to capture the litile elephant.

/he kih3 was very pleased wheh he received the rare elephant hecause a whiteelephant is very sacred. But SOOh the kin3 hoticed that the elephant was not eatih3'He sat alohe and cried.

/he kih3 was surprised that the elephantwas so uhhappy ahd asked why this was so./he litile elephant told the kin3 of his hlindlr10ther ahd feared what lr1i3ht happen to herd she was left alohe ahy IOh3er. /he kih3was so pleased to hear of one so faithfulto his Jrlother that he released the valuahleelephant to he forever free.

Moral: Faithfulness ahd honor wi/I brih33reat rewards.

hunter - cac;adoriungle - floresta, selvablind - cegagathered - juntavakind - gentil, amovelsacred - sagrado

feared - temiafaithful - fiel, lealfaithfulness - fidelidade, lealdadereleased - libertourewards - recompensas

en(G)-=C-

II

01. What was the white elephant's mother problem?

She was blind.

02. What happened to the hunter one day?

He became lost in the jungle.

03. Why was the king surprised?

Because the elephant was unhappy.

04. What is the moral of this fable?

Faithfulness and honor will bring great rewards.

Going~

Crie dezfrases usando 0 present perfect continuous.

Exemplo: It has been raining too much in the Southern states of Brazil.

Anoto<;.oes

was stolen - fai raubadathieves - ladroessteal - raubarwere caught - faram pegas

IA voz passiva caracteriza-se principalmente por dois elementos: 0 verbo to be no tempo ade-

quado e 0 verbo principal no particfpio.

That house was built by John.

Nesse exemplo temos that house como sujeito, 0 verbo to be no passado em sua forma singulare 0 verbo to build em sua forma do particfpio.

Chama-se voz passiva (passive voice) porque 0 sujeito em questiio niio opera ar;;iioalguma, massofre a ar;;iiodo verbo. No exemplo, aquela casa sofreu a ar;;iiode ser construlda por John.

Veja os exemplos. Observe que 0 tempo do verbo na voz passiva if 0 mesmo do verbo principalna voz ativa.

They stole the house.

Peter washes the car on Saturdays.

Mary will buy that bicycle.

Edward would read the book.

The house was stoler by them.

The car is washed by Peter on Saturdays.

That bicycle will be bought by Mary.

The book would be read by Edward.

A chocolate cake IS going to be made by Brenda.

The doors h~ve been fix",d by Steve.

Brenda is going to make a chocolate cake.

Steve has fixed the doors.

01. Passe as frases da voz ativa para a voz passiva.Exemplo: Jean broke the glass.

The glass was broken by Jean.

a. They will write a book.A book will be written by them.

b. She cleaned the house.The house was cleaned by her.

c. Mike would visit London.London would be visited by Mike.

d. Paul prepares the dinner.The dinner is prepared by Paul.

e. The dog has eaten the food. enThe food has been eaten by the dog. <I)-f. David is going to playa song. =A song is going to be played by David. Cg. Sarah will open a restaurant. IA restaurant will be opened by Sarah.

h. I wouldn't invite Larry.Larry wouldn't be invited by me.

L We have finished the work.The work has been finished by us.

j. They are going to spend the money.The money is going to be spent by them.

k. Jennifer painted the walls.The walls were painted by Jennifer.

1 My brother cooks delicious potatoes.Delicious potatoes are cooked by my brother.

02. Escolha a alternativa correta.a. ( ) The computers are operate by Sheila.

( X) The computers are operated by Sheila.b. ( X) A lot of food will be bought for the party.

( ) A lot of food will been bought for the party.c. ( X) The cake has been eaten by the children.

( ) The cakes has been eaten by the children.d. ( ) Ronald was helps by his friend.

( X) Ronald was helped by his friend.e. ( X) The bus would be fixed.

( ) The bus would fix.

f. ( ) The violin is going to is played by the best student.(X ) The violin is going to be played by the best student.

03. Passe as frases da voz passiva para a voz ativa.

Exernplo: Water was drunk by the boy.The boy drank water.

a. A party will be given by us.We will give a party.

b. A banana would be eaten by Josh.

Josh would eat a banana.

c. Jewels have been stolen by thieves.Thieves have stolen jewels.

d. A coat is going to be bought by Troy.Troy is going to buy a coat.

e. More money was spent by girls.Girls spent more money.

II f. English books are read by Brazilian students.Brazilian students read English books.

04. Escreva urn paragrafo sobre ser roubado. Inclua detalhes sobre 0 que foi roubado, quantosladr{jes havia, 0 que voce sentiu na hora, etc.

Exernplo:

,m~ hOlAse. o.nd locJe.d me. in -J-he. bo.-J-hroom. I wo.s ve.r~ sc.o.re.d. I c.olAldn'-J-

do o.n~-J-hin3' the. tV1 -J-he. DvD flo.~e.r o.nd 0.11 m~ mone.~ we.re. s-J-ole.n.

IlIr-J-e.r a. re.w hOlArs I whe.n -J-he.~ we.re.n' -J- -J-he.re. o.n~more. I I broke. -J-he. doorl--o.nd c.o.lle.d -J-he. fo1iC.e.. Forhno.-J-e.I~1 -J-he. c.ofS rOlAnd -J-he. -J-hie.ve.S

Io.rre.s-J-e.d

<8 I -J-he.ml o.nd 0.11 m~ -J-hin3s we.re. re.c.ove.re.d b~ -J-he. foliC.e..

<8

Jim - Hey, Sandra, did you know the rock concert was canceled?Sandra - No! Who told you that?Jim - Erik did. He said that all the musical instruments of the band were stolen.Sandra - Oh, my god! Who would do such a thing?Jim - Who knows? I heard the police detectives think -it must be someone

they know very well.Sandra - Do you have any idea of who could be the thief?Jim - Not rea!ly. It could be anyone. The guys were always surrounded by fans.Sandra - Yes, you're right. The instruments were probably stolen by a fan!Jim - But why would a fan steal the instruments?Sandra - I don't know. There are so many strange people everywhere

nowadays ...

The bad news is there are many ways to get robbed. The good news however isthat depending on what you do for a living (or where you live) significantly reduceyour chances.

According to the Uniform Crime Report (see footnote), robberies of the personmake up for approximately 75% of all robberies. The remaining 25% are ofestablishments and banks.

Now believe it or not, that is good news. The reason is even though there arethree times more robberies of individuals, there are far more people than there arebusinesses - like a few billion more. Add to that the fact that robbery has beendecreasing over the last ten years and you end up with significantly reduced chancesof being robbed.

While it can still happen, the odds are in your favor. Sheer numbers protect you.

footnote - nota de rodaperemaining - restantesdecreasing - diminuindoend up - acabaodds - vantagenssheer - absolutosreports - relatanation wide trends tendencias por todo 0 pars

01. According to the text, what is the bad news?

" ... there are many ways to get robbed."

02. What is the good news?

" ... depending on what you do for a living (or where you live) significantly reduce your chances."

II 03. What is the percentage of people being robbed?

It is 75%.

04. What has been happening to robbery over the last ten years?

It has been decreasing.

Far;a uma pesquisa e descubra cinco invenr;oes e 0 respectivo inventor. Depois, escreva cincofrases na voz pas siva.Exemplo: The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876.

Anotoc;.oes

en<Q)-enc-

Richatd i~ a V{!ty intBt{!ding p{!t~on. ~om{! pMplBthink h{! i~ ctazy bBCaU~{!hB talk~ to him~{!lf all thB timBoBut h{! i~n/t. H{! i~ a~ notmal a~ anyoM {!I~{!.Th{! onlyptobl{!m i~ that h{! talk~ loud to him~Blf, and {!v{!nwhBn h{!

i~ ~IMpingl H{!ha~ alt{!ady gonB to th{!doctot, but h{! ~aid thi~ i~ notmal andthat thBtB i~ no ptoblBm about it.Richatd ~ay~ that h{! Iik{!~to talk tohim~{!lf b{!cau~{!h{! COMid{!t~him~{!lfa V{!tyfunny pBt~on.

01. What is the thing about yourself that you like most?

02. What is the thing about yourself that you dislike most?

03. What do you think of yourself?

II

I - myselfyou - yourselfhe-himselfshe - herselfit - itself

we - ourselvesyou - yourselvesthey - themselves

Os pronomes reflexivos sao usados nas situac;oes a seguir.

• 'Para indicar que 0 sujeito e 0 objeto sao 0 mesmo.

She saw herself at the mirror.John hurt himself with the hammer.

• Para enfatizar 0 sujeito.

The president himself spoke to me.She cleaned the house herself.

• Para indicar "sem ajuda, sozinho( s)", precedidos de by.

Paul lives by himself.They went camping by themselves.

01. Assinale 0 pronome reflexivo correto e preencha a lacuna.

1 Mike did the homework himselfa. ( ) myselfb. ( X ) himselfc. ( ) itself

II. Mary and Jack live by themselvesa. ( X ) themselvesb. ( ) herselfc. ( ) himself

III. I cut myself while cooking.a. ( ) itselfb. ( ) himselfc. ( X ) myself

IV. It was Jennifer h_er_se_lf who saved the little boy from the accident.a. ( ) itselfb. ( ) himselfc. ( X ) herself

V. I want to finish your homeworka. ( X ) myselfb. ( ) yourselfc. ( ) itself

VI. The window opened itselfa. ( ) herselfb. (X) itselfc. ( ) himself

VII. We went to the hospital bya. ( ) itselfb. (X) ourselvesc. ( ) yourselves

VIII. You two should do it bya. (X) yourselvesb. ( ) yourselfc. ( ) itself

en<CD-mc-

02. Complete com um pronome reflexivo.

Exemplo: I myself will do it.

a. They should try to control themselves

b. Debby enjoyed herself at the picnic.

c. That old man is crazy. He is all the time talking to himself

d. Take care with this hot pan! You are going to burn yourself

e. No one will help us. We have to help ourselves

£ Did you see that? That crazy dog killed itself

g. I don't want to live with my parents forever. I want to live by

h. Henry told himself he could do it.

a. (X) She is pessimistic. She doesn't like herself.( ) She is pessimistic. She doesn't like itself.

b. ( ) You don't need to worry. We can take care of yourselves.( X) You don't need to worry. We can take care of ourselves.

c. ( ) My dog is my best friend. We live by myself.( X) My dog is my best friend. We live by ourselves.

d. (X) He solved the problem by himself.( ) He solved the problem by itself.

e. ( ) I like to do the difficult work by mines elf.( X) I like to do the difficult work by myself.

£ ( ) He likes to talk to hisself.( X) He likes to talk to himself.

04. Baseado no exemplo, escreva um paragrafo sobre voce.Exemplo:

Brad - Nancy, have you looked yourself at the mirror today?Nancy - To be honest with you, I haven't. Why? Is there anything wrong

with me?Brad - It's the opposite. You look really good today.Nancy - Come on, Brad. Listen to yourself! You are kidding me!Brad - No, I am not! You are really beautiful! By the way, what is the thing

about yourself you like most?Nancy - What do you mean? In my body?Brad - Yes.Nancy - I don't know. I like my eyes. But they are normal. There is nothing

special about them.Brad - Everything about you is special, Nancy. You should like yourself more.Nancy - Maybe you are right. But I like myself. I just think I am not special.Brad - I guarantee, Nancy, you are ...

.,f.~l"""",-------------------------~~~-------.~,

[ ...]Dear Rosie:I owe money to my friend but do not know how I can pay her back. What shall I do?

INGRID P. REEP, BELGIUM..

Dear Ingrid:It is always difficult when you owe money to your friends but here are some

suggestions for you to consider.1. Do not hesitate to talk to your friend honestly and openly about your

dilemma. At least you are friends and by talking through your problem together,you may be able to find a way of solving your problem.

2. Consider how much you can pay her back each week or month - over aperiod of time you will be surprised to see how much a little each wee,kadds up.

3. Are there any other ways you could repay her? For example,does she need help around the house or work in the garden which youcould do in return for part of the loan?

4. Remember that she probably values your friendship more than the moneyyou owe her so do not think that there are no solutions!

NEW ENGLISH DIGEST. v. I. issue 6. Oxford: ILS, 1998. p. 38, 39.

owe - devobe able - ser capazesadds up - soma, adicionaloan - emprestimovalues - va/oriza

01. What would you do if your best friend owed you some money?(Resposta pessoal) I would ...

02. What would you do if you owed some money to your best friend?

(Resposta pessoal) I would ...

II 03. In your opinion, which is the best suggestion in the text?(Resposta pessoal) In my opinion, it is suggestion number ...

04. Have you ever borrowed money from a friend? If so, have you paid back?(Resposta pessoal) Yes, I have ... / No, I haven't ...

05. Has ever a friend of yours borrowed money from you? If so, has he/she paid back?(Resposta pessoal) Yes, he/she has ... / No, he/she hasn't. ..

~ Going'$~furtherEntreviste urn conhecido seu e escreva sobre ele urn paragrafo sernelhante ao que voce fez naatividade 04 da pagina 44.

II)<I-enc-

The other dCJ..~ I WCJ..StCJ..lkil1q to m~l1eiqhbor CJ..l1d she told me mCJ..l1~il1terestil1q thil1qs CJ..bout her life. ShesCJ..id she WCJ..S qoil1q to leCJ..ve her

husbCJ..l1d bee.-CJ..use he doesl1't workCJ..11~moreCJ..l1dOl1lY wCJ..te.-hesTV CJ..JJ dCJ..~.

She CJ..lso sCJ..id thCJ..t she would qo

bCJ..e.-kto her fCJ..ther's house il1 the

, e.-oul1tr~. ISl1't thCJ..t terrible'?

"-SHE TOLD ME SHE WAS WRITING

FOR A NEWSPAPER.

Podemos responder a pergunta "Whatdid he say?" de duas formas:

•. repetindo exatamente as mesmas pa-lavras do falante (direct speech) e

•. reportando com nossas palavras asideias do falante (indirect speech).

No discurso direto repete-se exatamente 0 que foi dito pelo falante. Para isso, usam-se as aspasou 0 travessao.

o discurso indireto normalmente e usado para se referir ao passado; entao, 0 tempo tambem egeralmente mudado. Usam-se no discurso indireto os verbos say, tell e ask para reportar algo. Naoe necessario usar as aspas.

Direct speech: "I will travel with her."Indirect speech: Tom said he would travel with her.

• Usa-se a verba tell geralmente quando hd objeto indireto na frase, au seja, quando e men-cionado a quem a pessoa dirigiu a palavra.

He told me he was sleepy.Mary told her father she was dating.

• Em geral, usa-se a verba say quando nao hd objeto indireto.He said that he was sleepy.Mary said she was dating.

AO CONTAR DE FORMAINDIRETA 0 QUE OUTRA PESSOA DISSE OU

PENSOU, DEVEMOS FAZER ALGUMASMUDAN~AS NO TEMPO DO VERBO USADO PEL

PESSOA. TAKE A LOOK!

simple presentTom said: "I live downtown."

present continuousTom said: "I am living downtown."

future (will)Tom said: "I will live downtown."

canTom said: "I can live downtown."

mayTom said: "I may live downtown."

mustTom said: "I must live downtown."

01. Mude as frases para a discurso indireto.

Exemplo: Mike said: "I am studying a lot."Mike told me he was studying a lot.Mike said he was studying a lot.

a. Samantha said: "I will buy a new house."

Samantha told me she would buy a new house.

Samantha said she would buy a new house.

b. Sandy said: "I must find the book."

Sandy told me she had to find the book.

Sandy said she had to find the book.

simple pastTom told me/said he lived downtown.

past continuousTom told me/said he was living downtown.

conditional (would)Tom told me/said he would live downtown.

couldTom told me/said he could live downtown.

mightTom told me/said he might live downtown.

had toTom told me/said he had to live downtown.____ ...J

en<G)-=C-

c. Erik said: "I can finish the work for you."Erik told me he could finish the work for me.

d. Jordan said: "I am going to stop smoking."Jordan told me he was going to stop smoking.

Jordan said he was going to stop smoking.

e. Julia said: "It may rain at the beach."Julia told me it might rain at the beach.

Julia said it might rain at the beach.

£ Anderson said: "I don't like to wake up early."Anderson told me he didn't like to wake up early.

Anderson said he didn't like to wake up early.

g. Clark said: "I will read the newspaper."Clark told me he would read the newspaper.

II h. Monica said: "I prefer to stay home."Monica told me she preferred to stay home.

02. Assinale a alternativa correta e preencha a lacuna.I. Mr Smith: "Are you the new student?"

Mr Smith asked me if I was the new student.a. ( )amb. ( ) isc. (X) was

II. Mary: "I won't go to the party."Mary told me she wouldn't come to the party.

a. (X) wouldn'tb. ( ) couldn'tc. ( ) shouldn't

m.Frank: "I am learning how to swim."Frank told me he was learning how to swim.

a. ( ) is learningb. (X) was learningc. ( ) was learned

IV.George: "I can jump very high."George told me he could jump very high.

a. ( ) mayb. ( ) willc. (X) could

V. Steven: "I must talk to Jane."Steven told me he had to

a. ( ) has tob. (X) had toc. ( ) have to

VI.Elisabeth: "The children may fall from the tree."Elisabeth told me the children might

a. (X) mightb. ( ) minec. ( ) mind

a. (X) She told me she was going to clean the kitchen.( ) She told me she would going to clean the kitchen.

b. ( ) Nelson told me he speak with Carl.( X) Nelson told me he spoke with Carl.

c. ( ) Susan told me she did must call the police.( X) Susan told me she had to call the police.

d. (X) Newton told me he couldn't continue with that situation.( ) Newton told me he couldn't continued with that situation.

e. (X) Lisa told me she was looking for a boyfriend.( ) Lisa told me she were looking for a boyfriend.

f ( ) Bernard told me he might goes to the movies.( X) Bernard told me he might go to the movies.

fI)<I)-=C-

FIRST SHE ASKED HOWEVERYTHING WAS. THEN SHE SAID SHE

HOPED EVERYTHING WAS OK. AFTERTHAT, SHE SAID SHE WAS WRITING TOLET ME KNOW THAT SHE COULD GO TO

CHINA WITH HER SISTER AMANDA ANDTHA T SHE WOULD MISS ME.

How is everything? I hope everything is OK. I am writing to let you know that I can go to China

with my sister Amanda. I will miss you.

II

David - Josh, have you seen Brenda? IiiJosh - No, I haven't. Have you? ':J

David - I haven't either. The other day I was talking to Ted and he I

told me she was going to stop studying.Josh - Really? Do you know why she is going to stop studying?David - I don't know much, but Ted told me she had to work.Josh - But, why does she have to work? •David - It's not my business, you know, but Ted told me she I

would travel to Hawaii, and that she needed to save money. •Josh - I would like to go to Hawaii too. The beaches are so

beautiful! I

David - Yes, you are right. But what would we do when we came I

back? That's why we must study hard! II

The rumorMy friends found this Web site for our class. On it was a list of the prettiest and ugliest girls. I

asked who was winning for ugliest. She didn't say anything, so I looked ... it was me.

Her reactionI was horrified. I wanted to cry. I thought, why are they doing this to me? I didn't know who was

responsible. At school, guys would call me "ugly" in the hall. They'd say, "Halloween's over. Take yourmask off." My self-esteem was so low that I started thinking what they said might be true. Then it gotworse - they started calling me a slut. The gossip ruined my life.

~f-

How she dealtAt first, I didn't want to leave school because I thought I'd be letting them win. But I decided they

weren't winning if I could go where I'd be treated better. So I left - and sued the district for not doingmore to help. Things at my new school are great. Friends ask, "How could that happen to you?" andguys even tell me I look good!

Alison, 18Agoura Hills, CA

SEVENTEEN. v. 62. n. 9. Hearst Magazines, Sept. 2003. p. 219.

horrified - horrorizadaguys - (grria) "caras" (as pessoas)is over - acabouself-esteem - auto-estima

slut - uma pessoa que tem muitosparceiros sexuaisdealt - lidousued - processeidistrict - administrac;;ao

~ 01. Why was Alison horrified?

Because she was winning for ugliest in the list of a Web site.

Escreva um paragrafo sobre a vida de uma pessoa famosa. Imagine que alguem the contouuma fofoca sobre tal pessoa.

Exemplo:

~-(::~~~:_Q:~~:~~~~=:~~=:::~~~~~1Sh~ -rold m~ h~ WOLAld bLA Q hLA ~ mQnsion. QnLfh.0.:t~

Ii V~ in -rh~ c-oLAn-rr wi -rh his wi ~... I~'---'l

II

Williamhas beell 100\(.illg foe a ~ob foe five mOll-ths,

b0-t -this momillg he had a ~ob ill-te(View ill a compallljdowll-towll. The ill-te(viewe( as\(.ed him malllj Cj0es-tiollsab00-t his pcofessiollal life. William -told -the ill-te(viewe(he li\(.ed -to woe\(. wi-th people alld -tha-t he w00ld lIeve(

be la-te foe woe\(. if he go-t -the ~ob. ~0(-t011a-tellj'hego-t i-t.

01. Have you ever been interviewed?

02. How do you feel before a job interview?

03. How do you feel after ajob interview?

!" I todayIJohn said: "I have to work today."

" !yesterdayI John said: "I was working yesterday."

" f the day before yesterday" I John said: "I had to work the day before yesterday."

tomorrow[JOhn said: "I will have to work tomorrow."

the day after tomorrowi John said: "I will have to work the day after tomorrow."I

i next week/month/year" I; John said: "I will have to work next week.""I

: last week/month/year" IIJohn said: "I had to work last week."

:ago"I

I John said: "I had to finish the work one week ago."iI this (time)! John said: "I have to finish the work this month."

" I

: this/that (adjective)" i John said: "I have to finish this work."" I here" ! John said: "I have to work here."'" L ~_

WHATA BIG

FRIEND!SHE HASN'T

EVENINVITED

US!(fl

Expressoes de tempo e lugartambem sofrem alterar;;oes na pas-sagem do discurso direto para 0

indireto. en<CD-enc-

"I will meet you here tomorrow,"Jane said.

Jane told me she would meet methere the next day.

that dayJohn told me he had to work that day.

the day beforeJohn told me he was working the day before.

two days beforeJohn told me he had to work two days before.

the next/following dayJohn told me he would have to work the following day.

two days laterJohn told me he would have to work two days later.

the following week/month/yearJohn told me he would have to work the following day.

the previous week/month/yearJohn told me he had to work the previous week.

beforeJohn told me he had to finish the work one week before.

thatJohn told me he had to finish the work that month.

theJohn told me he had to finish the work.

thereJohn told me he had to work there.

01. Mude as frases para 0 discurso indireto.Exemplo: Sebastiao said: "I like to live here."

Sebastiao told me he liked to live there.

a. Caroline said: "I will travel to Paris next month."

Caroline told me she would travel to Paris the following month.

b. Bruce said: "I play basketball here."

Bruce told me he played basketball there.

c. Julia said: "I must write a letter today."

Julia told me she had to write a letter that day.

d. Samuel said: "I will visit my mother the day after tomorrow."

Samuel told me he would visit his mother two days later.

e. Jackson said: "I can buy this house,"

Jackson told me he could buy that house.

f Chris said: "I am going to eat the chocolate tomorrow."

Chris told me he/she was going to eat the chocolate the following day.

II g. Alex said: "I may live here with my friends."

Alex told me he might live there with his friends.

h. Paula said: "I don't want to go to the beach next year."

Paula told me she didn't want to go to the beach the following year.

I. Richard said: "I won't go to the party next month."Richard told me he wouldn't go to the party the following month

a. ( ) the last monthb. (X) the following monthc. ( ) two months later

n. Roger said: "I can't help you tomorrow."Roger told me he couldn't help me the next day

a. (X) the next dayb. ( ) the last dayc. ( ) today

III. Max said: "I must talk to the manager today."

Max told me he had to talk to the managera. ( ) this dayb. ( ) one dayc. (X) that day

IV. Margaret said: "I am going to retire the day after tomorrow,"Margaret told me she was going to retire two days later

a. (X) two days laterb. ( ) two days beforec. ( ) two days

V. Betsy said: "I may find ajob here."Betsy told me she might find a job there

a. ( ) somewhereb. ( X) therec. ( ) anywhere

----. VI. Ana said: "I want to listen to this song."----. Ana told me she wanted to listen to that song.

a. ( X) thatb. ( ) thec. ( ) this

03. Escolha a alternativa correta.

a. ( ) She told me she didn't like to work there's.( X) She told me she didn't like to work there.

b. ( X) He asked me if I wanted to start the following day.( ) He asked me if I wanted to start the last day. en

<ft)c. ( ) They told me they would go on a diet the previous week. -----.

( X) They told me they would go on a diet the following week. 0)----. Cd. ( X) Andrea said: "I am not going to practice the exercises today." ••( ) Andrea said: I am not going to practice the exercises today.

Ie. ( X) David told us he wasn't there in November.( ) David told us he weren't there in November.

f ( ) Mathias said me he would bring the money.( X) Mathias told me he would bring the money.

----. 04. Reescreva 0 bilhete de Bill baseado nas injormar;i5es de Sarah.

FIRST HE SAID HEWOULDN'T MEET ME IN CHINA THE

FOLLOWING MONTH BECAUSE HE HAD TOTRAVEL TO AUSTRALIA THE FOLLOWING DAY.

THEN HE SAID EVERYBODY MISSED MEA LOT THERE.

Vincent - Paul, did you talk to Greg?Paul - Yes, I did. I talked to him last week.Vincent - What did he say about the plans for the vacation?Paul - He told me he wouldn't go to the beach the following month.Vincent - Do you know why?Paul - Not really. And you, did you talk to Sandra?Vincent - Yes, I called her last night.Paul - What did she say? Is she going to travel with us?Vincent - She told me she could travel in December, but not In

January.Paul - Gosh! With so many difficulties we won't go anywhere!Vincent - Take it easy. When they see we are going, they will go

too.

Tell me about you.

Keep your answer to one or two minutes; don'tramble. Cover four segments - early years,education, work experience, recent times - with anaccent on the later.

What do you know about our company?

Know products, size, income, reputation, image,goals, problems, management talent, managementstyle, people skills, history and philosophy. Don't sayyou do not know much... you should state that you would like to know more.

Why do you want to work for us?

You wish to be part of a company project; you would like to solve a company problem; youcan make a definite contribution to specific company goals.

What can you do for us that someone else cannot?

Relate past experience that represents success in solving previous employer problems thatmay be similar to those of the prospective employer.

What do you look for in a job?

Keep your answer opportunity-oriented. Talk about the opportunity to perform and berecognized.

How long would it take you to make a meaningfulcontributionto our firm?

Be realistic and say six months to one year.

You may be overqualified or too experienced for the position we have to offer.

Strong companies need strong people; experienced executives are at a premium today;the employer will get a faster return on investment because you have more experience thanrequired; a growing, energetic company rarely is unable to use its people talents. Emphasizeyour interest in a long-term association.

Why are you leaving your present job?

Stick to one response. Don't change answers during the interview. Give a 'group' answer ifpossible - "Our office is closing". Another possible answer is "We agreed to disagree."

I... I

This column was a synopsis of a handout composed by Darrell Sifford of Knight-RidderNewspapers titled "Rehearsed Answers Give an Advantage in Job Interviews."

By Margaret B. Hentz(reprinted with permission from SLA CAPLITS, Summer 1997, v. 13.1, p. 23-24)

www.sla.org/chapter/ctor/toolbox/careerlsuccess.htm

en<I'-=C-

keep - guarderamble - divagueaccent - enfaseincome - rendimentoskills - habilidadesstate - declarar, afirmarwish - deseja

prospective - prov6ve/, em potencialperform - atuar, mostrar 0 desempenhobe recognized - ser reconhecidomeaningful - significativaoverqualified - demasiadamentequalificado

----- 01. How should you talk about yourself in the interview?

----- Quickly. Just one or two minutes.

02. What should you say if the interviewer asks "why do you want to work for us?"?

I wish to be part of a company project.

----- 03. Do you agree with the text's instructions?

(Resposta pessoal) Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

II

04. In your opinion, which is the best advice?

(Resposta pessoal) In my opinion, it is ...

.~ __ GointJ ..t p..IrtherEscreva um paragrafo contando sobre uma entrevista de emprego que voce teve que fazer.

Exemplo:

Firs-rl -rhe. Com o.n S in-re.rvie.W'e.r o.Ske.d me. W'h r W'o.n-re.d

W'ork -rhe.re.. the.n r -rold him r W'o.n-re.d -ro W'ork -rhe.re.

i-r W'o.S 0. 300d comfo.n~ o.nd be.Co.LAse. r like.d -rho.-r

kind or job ve.r~ mLACh1 -rhe.n ...

Anota~oes

INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLE PAST PARTICIPLE PORTUGUESE

babysit babysat babysat cuidar de crianr;a

be was/were been ser/estar

beat beat beaten derrotar

become became become tornar

begin began begun comer;ar

believe believed believed acreditar

bend bent bent curvar

bet bet bet apostar

bite bit bitten morder

blow blew blown soprar

I break broke broken quebrarlb' brought broughtnng trazer

build built built construir.

burst burst burst explodir

buy bought bought comprar

catch caught caught pegar/agarrar

choose chose chosen escolher

come came come vir

Icost cost cost custar

cut cut cut cortar

deal dealt dealt lidar

dig dug dug cavar

do did done fazer•draw drew drawn desenhar

I dream dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreamed sonhar

drink drank drunk beber

! drive drove driven dirigir

eat ate eaten comer

enjoy enjoyed enjoyed divertirr

fall fell fallen cair

feed fed fed alimentar

i feel felt felt sentir

I fight fought fought lutar

en<G)-enc-

II

I INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLE PAST PARTICIPLE PORTUGUESE 'lfind found found achar I

fly flew flown voar

forget forgot forgotten esquecer iforgive forgave forgiven perdoar ifreeze' froze frozen congelar I

I

get got got/gotten obter I

give gave gIven dar Igo went gone ir i

grow grew grown crescer Ihang hung hung pendurar

have had had ter

hear heard heard ouvir

hide hid hidden esconder Ihit hit hit bater

hold held held segurar Ihurt hurt hurt machucar Ikeep kept kept manter Iknow knew known saber

lay laid laid colocar Ilead led led fiderar I

learn learnt/learned learnt/learned aprender

leave left left partir

lend lent lent emprestar

let let let deixarI

lie lay lain de ita r

lie lied lied mentir

light litJIighted litJIighted acender I

lose lost lost perder imake made made fazer

I

mean meant meant significar

meet met met encontrar

pay paid paid pagar I

put put putI

por

read read read ler

I INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLE PAST PARTICIPLE PORTUGUESE, ,

lremember remembered remembered lembrar

ride rode ridden andar de/a...

nng rang rung tocar

run ran run correr

say said said dizeri",

see saw seen ver

sell sold sold vender

send sent sent enviar<

set set set arrumar i

shake shook shaken tremer \

shine shone shone brUhar Ishoot shot shot atirar

show showed shown/showed mostrar"

shrink shrank/shrunk shrunk/shrunken encolher

shut shut shut fechar,

,

Ismg sang sung cantar

,sink sank sunk afundar~

sit sat sat sentar

smile smiled smiled sorrir 1,

sleep slept slept dormir !speak spoke spoken falar I

i'spell spelt/spelled spelt/spelled soletrar

;

spend spent spent gastar \

" , I" ,

split split split dividir t-,- f

stand stood stood ficar em pi

stay stayed stayed ficar

steal stole stolen roubar,

stick stuck stuck grudar

swear swore sworn jurar

sweep sWept swept varrer

swim nadar !swam swum ,

take took taken pegar/levar

teach taught taught ensinar

tear tom tom rasgar.._- ~ -"

en<(I)-=C••

I INFINiTIVE.... -

PAST SIMPLE PAST PARTICIPLE PORTUGUESE,

tell told told eontar

think thought thought pensar

throw threw thrown jogar/atirar,

tidy tidied tidied arrumar

understand understood understood entenderI

wake woke woken aeordar

wear wore worn vestirwin won won veneer

write wrote written esereverI

II

Fontes das imagens

p. 12: EPOCA, 30 abr. 2001, p. 30; OS CAMINHOS DA TERRA, maio 2002, p. 95; EPOCA, 12 out.1998, p. 48.

p. 20: CRIATIVA, out. 1998, p. 150-153; www.graduatingengineer.comJ ...Iimages/interview-inter.jpg; OSCAMINHOS DA TERRA, maio 2001, p. 20.

p. 28: www.worldwideaquatics.comJimages/SY_JapanTeam1.jpg; LIVRO DO ANO BARSA 2000, p. 207;ENCICLOPEDIA ILUSTRADA DO ESTUDANTE, v. 8, p. 467; LIVRO DO ANO BARSA 2001,p. 219; SUPERINTERESSANTE, maio 2001, p. 9; T & D TREINAMENTO & DESENVOLVI-MENTO, jun. 1997, p. 28; NEWSWEEK, 24 abr. 2000, p. 19.

p. 41: CLAUDIA, mar. 2001, p. 17.p. 47: SONDER, The legacy of Norman Rockwell, p. 110; www.fabricsandbuttons.comJimages/gossip.gif

Referencias bibliograficasARROJO, Rosemary. 0 signo desconstruido. Campinas: Pontes, 1992.GEAR, Jolene. Cambridge preparation for the Toefl test. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,

1996.HORNBY, A. S. Oxford advanced learner's dictionary. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.SWAN, Michael. Practical English usage. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.VALLANDRO, Leonel. Dicionario de ingles. Sao Paulo: Globo, 1991.

Anotac;.oes