ENGLISH REVISION ANSWER KEYS Mrs. Heleen Deale Grade 8 May 2018 Literature: “Paul Revere’s Ride” (Interactive Reader p xxxxx)

1. Heroes come in all shapes and sizes. Paul Revere is not the “typical” hero but is

remembered as someone who went above and beyond to do what he thought

was right. Write a paragraph of at least 5 sentences why, in your opinion, Paul

Revere should be considered as a hero or not.

He was courageous in that he rowed ride next to the British man-of-war (ship) with

muffled oars.

He also was very unselfish in that he rode through the night to warn all the colonists

about the British attack.

He did not stop until he warned every farmer from Boston to Concord where the

ammunition was kept, so that the patriots could be ready and armed.

He was a very patriotic man who stood up for what he believed in, which was to fight

against British rule.

He put his own life in danger to save the lives of hundreds of civilians.

His perseverance is also shown by all the different circumstances he is riding through

“and felt the damp of the river fog” (line 91) and how everyone else is “safe and asleep

in bed” (line 107) while he continues to ride.

He was a very brave man to do this with only the help of his friend who warned him that

the British soldiers were approaching by sea.

2. Answers to the text-dependent questions with evidence from the poem:

PAUL REVERE’S RIDE

PAUL REVERE’S RIDE Text dependent Questions Evidence-based Answers In lines 6 and 24, Longfellow mentions Paul Revere’s friend. Who is this friend and what is his role in the poem?

This friend is the person that will signal to Revere if and how the British are coming by hanging a lantern in the belfry. “One if by land, and two, if by sea” (line 10).

Based on lines 12-14, what is the purpose of Paul Revere’s ride?

Paul’s purpose is to “spread the alarm,” which means he is going to ride around and tell the villagers to get ready to fight the British.

Reread lines 15-24. Describe what is happening in these lines and what that tells us about Paul Revere.

Revere is rowing across the water right next to the ship that is full of British soldiers. He muffles his oars so they won’t hear him. The British ship is huge and Revere is only in a rowboat. This tells us that Paul Revere is courageous because despite the imminent danger, he is determined to notify the villagers.

In line 25, the poem states that the friend “wanders and watches with eager ears.” What is he listening for? What does he hear? And what is the result?

The friend is waiting for any sign the British are going to attack. He hears “the muster of men at the barrack door, the sound of arms, and the tramp of feet” (lines 27-28). The result is that he sees the line of British ships and lights the warning signal.

Describe the setting in lines 31-37. How does it contribute to the overall feeling of the poem?

The author describes the church as having “somber” rafters, a “trembling” ladder, and “startled” pigeons, all of which have negative connotations and lead to a suspenseful, uneasy feeling.

In lines 42-48, what two things is Longfellow comparing? Why is he making that comparison?

He is comparing the graveyard to a military encampment. He starts by saying “in the churchyard, lay the dead” and then goes on to say “like the sentinel’s tread…creeping along from tent to tent.” This comparison emphasizes the hostility between the redcoats

and the patriots by suggesting that even the graveyard is a setting for war.

How does the reader know that the British are on their way? And how does Revere react to his information? Use textual evidence to support your answer.

Line 55, “a line of black that bend and floats on the rising tide, like a bridge of boats” shows when the friend spots the British boats. Or in line 69, “a glimmer, and then a gleam of light!” which shows when the friend puts the signal up for Revere to know the British are coming. Revere gets on his horse and begins his ride to warn the people. “He springs to the saddle, the bridle he turns” (lines 70-71).

Based on context clues, what does the word flight mean in line 79?

Flight means to ride his horse quickly, which you can tell from line 78 when it says “riding” or in line 79 by “steed.”

What does “The fate of the nation was riding that night” (line 78) mean?

“How the farmers gave them ball for ball” (line 113). This quote is revealing that had Paul Revere not gone riding to warn the villagers of the British invading that the farmers may not have been able to stand toe to toe with the British.

In lines 79-80, what does the spark represent? The spark represents the beginning of rebellion in the people. Revere is starting the “blaze” of people fighting back (line 80).

How long does it take Paul Revere to notify the villagers?

Paul Revere “rode through the night” (line 120). We know he went through Medford by twelve, Lexington by one, and Concord by two and perhaps other villages because of line 121 “to every Middlesex village and farm.”

Which of Paul Revere’s actions reveal his perseverance?

Line 119-121, “so through the night rode Paul Revere….to every Middlesex village and farm” shows how he persisted to ride hour after hour to ensure he reached every village. His perseverance is also shown by all the different circumstances he is riding through “and felt the damp of the river fog” (line 91) and how everyone else is “safe and asleep in bed” (line 107) while he continues to ride. And finally, he is continuing on with his ride because he knows that the war will start and villagers will die if he does not keep going. “Who that day would be lying dead, pierced by a British musket ball.”

How do the villagers react to Revere’s warning? Use textual evidence to support your answer.

The villagers fought back against the British. For example, in line 113 “the farmers gave them ball for ball, from behind each fence and farmyard wall.” We know that they were “chasing the redcoats down the lane” (line 115), which shows they were fierce in their fighting.

Re-read the last six lines of the poem. Why does Longfellow believe that “in the hour of darkness and peril and need,” Americans will remember Paul Revere’s message?

Revere’s message is “a cry of defiance and not of fear” (line 122), which can help someone going through a tough time by reminding them to be brave and not give up. Revere’s story reminds us that in times of crisis the deeds and sacrifices of national heroes inspire and comfort us.

Poetic vocabulary from Paul Revere’s Ride

This narrative poem is written in a meter that recalls the sound of a galloping horse’s hooves. Setting The setting is both the time and geographic location within a narrative or within a work of fiction. Boston/ Massachucetts/ Middlesex County/ Charlestown shore, 18 April 1775 The characters Paul Revere His friend The “redcoats” Patriots Tone The tone of a poem is the attitude you feel in it — the writer's attitude toward the subject or audience. Hushed “A cry of defiance and not of fear” Line 122

Rhyme scheme This is the ordered pattern of rhymes at the ends of the lines of the poem of verse. Example from Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18:

Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? A Though are more lovely and temperate: B Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, A And summer’s lease hath all to short a date. B Sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shines C And often is his gold complexion dimmed; D And every fair from fair sometimes declines C By chance or nature’s changing course untrimmed. D

The rhyme scheme is ABAB CDCD Listen, my children, and you shall hear A Of the midnight ride of Paul Revere, A On the eighteenth of April, in Seventy-five; B Hardly a man is now alive B Who remembers that famous day and year. A Line 5 He said to his friend, 'If the British march C By land or sea from the town to-night, D Hang a lantern aloft in the belfry arch C Of the North Church tower as a signal light, D One, if by land, and two, if by sea; E Line10 And I on the opposite shore will be, E Ready to ride and spread the alarm F Through every Middlesex village and farm, F For the country folk to be up and to arm.' F Metaphor: A figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable. • Sea of grief - How and where does one come across a sea that is filled not with

water, but with grief? • Fishing - It is not used to mean that the person is actually fishing; it is an expression

which is used to signify that the person is looking for something that is difficult to obtain.

• Broken heart - Your heart is not literally broken into pieces; you just feel hurt and sad.

• The light of my life - The person described by this metaphor isn't really providing physical light. He or she is just someone who brings happiness or joy.

• It's raining men - Men do not literally pour from the sky; there are simply an abundance of male suitors around at the time.

• Time is a thief - Time isn't really stealing anything, this metaphor just indicates that time passes quickly and our lives pass us by.

• He is the apple of my eye - There is, of course, no real apple in a person's eye. The "apple" is someone beloved and held dear.

• Bubbly personality - A bubbly personality doesn't mean a person is bubbling over with anything, just that the person is cheerful.

• Feel blue - No one actually ever feels like the color blue, although many people say they are "feeling blue" to mean they are feeling sad.

• Fade off to sleep - You don't actually fade, you simply go to sleep. • Inflamed your temper - The news inflamed your temper is not a situation where

there is any actual fire or flames, it is just a situation where someone gets mad. • Reeks of infidelity - When said about a cheating partner, this doesn't actually mean

that there is a literal smell. Instead, it is just apparent that the person is cheating. • Rollercoaster of emotions - A rollercoaster of emotions doesn't exist anywhere, so

when people are on a rollercoaster of emotions, they are simply experiencing lots of ups and downs.

• Stench of failure - The stench of failure is strong, according to the common metaphor, but of course failing doesn't really smell.

Beneath, in the churchyard, lay the dead, Line 42-43 In their night-encampment on the hill

• The creepiness continues as Longfellow reminds us of the dead people in the churchyard (a graveyard around a church) down below.

• He imagines them being like an army asleep in a camp ("their night-encampment").

Wrapped in silence so deep and still That he could hear, like a sentinel's tread, The watchful night-wind, as it went Creeping along from tent to tent, And seeming to whisper, 'All is well!' Line 44-48

• This poem is all about seeing and hearing, and Longfellow pulls us into the moment with his careful description of sights and sounds.

• Right now the only thing Paul's friend can hear is the wind. He imagines that it sounds like a "sentinel's tread" (the footsteps of the soldier who is guarding a camp).

• The image here is that the wind is like a soldier guarding the graveyard, moving among the dead people's tents and letting them know that everything is OK.

Simile: A figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid (the difference between simile and metaphor is similes use ‘like’ or ‘as’ and metaphors don’t).

Give two examples of similes found in the poem. "Wrapped in silence so deep and still / That he could hear, like a sentinel's tread, / The watchful night-wind" Line 44-46 “A phantom ship, with each mast and spar, Across the moon like a prison bar” Line 20-21

Alliteration This is the repetition of initial sounds of words. “I like to laugh about licking lollipops”. Give an example of alliteration from Paul Revere’s Ride:” “lonely and sombre and spectral and still” Line 67 “masses and moving shapes of shade” Line 36 “A glimmer, then a gleam of light” Line 69 “Now soft on the sand, now loud on the ledge,” Line 85 Consonance This is the repetition of internal or ending consonant sounds. “I like to toss rocks with my boss”. “A line of black that bends and floats Line 55 Assonance The repetition of internal vowel sounds. “I like to sleep by the deep green sea”. “wanders and watches, with eager ear, Till in the silence around him he hears” Line 25-26 “A moment on the roofs of the town” Line 40 “On the opposite shore walked Paul Revere” Line 59 “How the farmers gave them ball for ball” Line 113 Hyperbole This is to blow something out of proportion. Hyperbole is an exaggeration which is obvious, extreme, and intentional. “The fate of the nation rode that night” Line 78 Onomatopoeia The formation of a word (e.g. cuckoo, sizzle), that include sounds that are similar to the noises the words refer to.

“the watchful night-wind …..whisper” Line 46-48 “the tramp of feet” Line 28 “the farmers gave them ball for ball” Line 113 Protagonist and Antagonist The protagonist is the main character in the story. Most of the time, it’s the good guy. The antagonist is the one getting in the way of what the protagonist wants. Protagonist Antagonist

Protagonist Antagonist

Protagonist: Paul Revere Antagonist: The British Major Conflict

The major conflict is whether or not Paul Revere will be able to warn the villages of the arrival of the British troops in time. Climax Revere sees the two lanterns in the belfry and spurs his horse to take off into the countryside. Foreshadowing An indication or warning of a future event. Longfellow foreshadows the actual historical events: the fighting at Lexington and Concord, the death of colonists, the war itself, and the need for future reminders that the fate of the nation often hangs precariously on the actions of a few (in regards to the Civil War). Allusions It is an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference. British regulars were the troops that fought against the colonists Lexington and Concord were the two towns where fighting broke out and began the Revolutionary War Old North Church is Boston's oldest surviving church Synecdoche It is a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa, as in England lost by six wickets (meaning “the English cricket team”). "redcoats" are the British soldiers Line 115 Imagery Imagery means to use figurative language to represent objects, actions, and ideas in such a way that it appeals to our physical senses. Usually it is thought that imagery makes use of particular words that create visual representation of ideas in our minds. The poem "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud" by William Wordsworth uses imagery throughout:

A host, of golden daffodils; Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the milky way, They stretched in never-ending line Along the margin of a bay: Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance. “he heard the crowing of the cock” “A shape in the moonlight, a bulk in the dark” Personification Personification is the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something non-human, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form.

"the watchful night-wind, as it went / Creeping along from tent to tent, / And seeming to whisper, 'All is well!'" Line 48 "the fate of a nation was riding that night" Line 78 “And the meeting-house windows, blank and bare, Gaze at him with spectral glare, Line 98 Paraphrase Rephrase or rewrite the poem in your own words. (A summary of the poem) In 1775, Paul Revere, William Dawes and Samuel Prescott had the job to warn the colonists. Boston lived under British rule and King George III sent his troops and

warships to Boston. The British had to march from Boston to Concord to seize colonial weapons.

Paul Revere prepared to warn the colonists of this danger, so that the colonists can prepare and arm themselves. But he needed the help of his friend (unnamed) to send a message from the North Church bell tower (belfry). If the British soldiers are advancing by land, his friend should light one lantern in the belfry for him to see. If they are approaching by sea, he had to light two lanterns in the Church Tower’s belfry.

Paul Revere rowed towards the Charlestown shore, past the British warship, The Somerset. Here, at the opposite shore, he waited for a signal from his friend. Meanwhile, at Boston, from the highest window in the wall, his friend heard British soldiers (grenadiers) marching to their ship. Paul Revere saw two lanterns in the belfry, he raced with his horse (steed) and by midnight he reached Medford town to warn the colonists to arm (get their weapons ready) themselves and be ready for battle.

One hour later he reached Lexington, and at two o’clock he warned Concord as well. Here all the weapons and ammunition were hidden on farms. He woke up the colonists, on every Middlesex village and farm. The farmers were able to defend themselves against the British soldiers and Paul Revere’s warning helped the colonists to defend their land.

Suspense How does Longfellow build suspense in his poem? / Describe the mood as his friend climbs the tower. “On the somber rafters, that round him made Masses and moving shapes of shade, - By the trembling ladder, steep and tall” By the slowing of the rhythm and building suspense by describing how his friend climbs up the ladder in the North tower. It also heightens the mood.

“Paul Revere’s Ride” - metaphors

1. What is the theme of “Paul Revere’s Ride”, in one word? Defiance

2. Interpret this phrase from the poem “Paul Revere’s Ride”.

And beneath from the pebbles, in passing, a spark

Struck out by a steed that flies fearless and fleet:

That was all! And yet, through the gloom and the light,

The fate of a nation was riding that night;

And the spark struck out by that steed, in his flight,

Kindled the land into flame with its heat.

The flying hooves of Revere’s horse are likened to a spark that ignites a raging fire, like a devastating forest fire, so the message that he spreads and the battle in response, began the Revolutionary war, an event that involved the entire land occupied by the British colonies.

And the meeting-house windows, blank and bare,

Gaze at him with a spectral glare,

As if they already stood aghast

At the bloody work they would look upon.

He knows the battle is coming, so he acts for a moment like the windows of the town knows it too. He treats them likes faces watching Paul as he rides and are horrified at the violence they will see in the morning. It is cool and creepy.

Also refer to the Power Point presentation on “Paul Revere’s Ride” Read the following poems on page 168 and give an analysis of each poem: “Legacies” (Interactive Reader p 168) “The drum” (Interactive Reader p 169) “Choices” (Interactive Reader p 170)

“Choices” analysis: Speaker: The speaker in this poem is someone who is trapped with a job where they are not doing something that their happy with. The reader assumes this because the poem starts with: "If I can't do what I want, then my job is to do what I don't want to do." Tone: At the very beginning the poet is very aggressive strongly states that "If i can't do what I want to do then my job is to not do what I don't want to do". But, as you continue to read the poem the author becomes very grateful says "If i can't have what I want, then my job is to want that I've got and be satisfied that at least there is something more to want." Overall meaning: The overall meaning of this poem that us as people aren't not having the choices we think we should or believe we should have that maybe sometimes what we expect we should have isn't always going to be a choice for us. Personification: The poet uses personification in this poem because in the last stanza she says " Mankind alone among the animals learns to cry." “The drum” analysis: When it says “daddy says the world is a drum tight and hard” I think the dad is saying the world is really hard to live in. When it says “i’m gonna beat out my own rhythm” I think the daughter is telling her father “Even if life is hard, I’m going to get through it and win.” It’s like playing the drums. Your rhythm is ALWAYS going to be better than everybody else’s, because YOU made it. You could just learn somebody else’s rhythm, but yours will ALWAYS be better no matter what everybody else thinks. “Legacies” analysis: In Legacies, by Nikki Giovanni, the speaker appears to be a third party watching the scene in front of her play out and what her observations about the confrontation are. The speaker tells us that a little girl is called by her grandmother to come inside because "i want chu to learn how to make rolls" (line 3). The little girl thinks to herself and replies to her grandmother "i don't want to know how to make no rolls" (line 11). In this part of the poem a dialect is used (in the dialogue) to give the reader a sense of the time and place that the poem was written in. At the end of the poem we learn that “neither of them ever said what they meant” (16-17), and this gives a sense of hurt and unawareness to the poem. The grandmother must think that the little girl simply doesn’t care about this family tradition, but she does care.

To the grandmother, the rolls mean more than just food; they mean the joy and pleasure of passing something down to the next generation and keeping the family traditions alive. Many people take great pride in this and it is a very big deal to receive this type of information from an elder. The little girl is just too embarrassed to admit that she does care, “but the little girl didn’t want to learn because she knew even if she couldn’t say it that would mean when the old one died she would be less dependent on her spirit” (line 5-9). The little girl believes that if she learns this family secret that when her grandmother passes it will give her a reason to move on and forget about her grandmother because she is not needed anymore, just like how you don't keep a hostage after you have gotten the information you need out of them. The little girl may not be ready to let her grandmother go quite yet and is paying tough love to keep her around for longer and giving her something to live for. The author uses enjambment throughout the poem to put emphasis on certain words and make you read it differently so you understand the points she is trying to get across. An example is at the end when you read the single line, "and i guess nobody ever does" (line 18), ending a poem with such a big phrase that can have so many different meanings leave people with something to think about and makes them honestly re-evaluate themselves and others round them.

Grammar:

Punctuation exercises: comma, capital letters, colon, semicolon Punctuation exercise 1 Answers

1. A grandparent’s job is easier than a parent’s.

2. It looks as if the sun goes around the earth, but of course the earth really goes round the sun.

3. He neither smiled, spoke, nor looked at me.

4. Long ago, in a distant country, there lived a beautiful princess.

5. It was my aunt who took Peter to London yesterday, not my father.

6. Ruth was invited to the party, but she was ill, so Jane went instead of her.

7. Sorry to disturb you – could I speak to you for a moment?

8. Is it any use expecting them to be on time?

9. John’s going to sleep during the wedding was rather embarrassing.

10. Having lost all my money, I went home.

Punctuation exercise 2 Answer sheet Harry let out a gasp of surprise that no one could hear. Instead of roots, a small, muddy and extremely ugly baby popped out of the earth. The leaves were growing right out of his head. He had pale green, mottled skin, and was clearly bawling at the top of his lungs. Professor Sprout took a large plant pot from under the table and plunged the Mandrake into it, burying him in dark, damp compost until only the tufted leaves were visible. Professor Sprout dusted off her hands, gave them all the thumbs up and removed her own earmuffs. (4) “As our Mandrakes are only seedlings, their cries won’t kill yet,” she said calmly, as though she’d just done nothing more exciting than water a begonia. “However, they will knock you out for several hours, and as I’m sure none of you want to miss your first day back, make sure your earmuffs are securely in place while you work. I will

attract your attention when it is time to pack. Four to a tray – there is a large supply of pots here – compost in the sacks over there – and be careful of the Venomous Tentacula, it’s teething.” (6) She gave a sharp slap to a spiky, dark red plant as she spoke, making it draw in the long feelers that had been inching sneakily over her shoulder. (3) Professor Sprout had made it look extremely easy, but it wasn’t. The Mandrakes didn’t like coming out of the earth, but didn’t seem to want to go back into it either. They squirmed, kicked, flailed their sharp little fists and gnashed their teeth; Harry spent ten whole minutes trying to squash a particularly fat one into a pot. (17)

Punctuation Exercise 3

Answers

1. We had a great time in France – the kids really enjoyed it. 2. Some people work best in the mornings; others do better in the evenings. 3. What are you doing next weekend? 4. Mother had to go into hospital: she had heart problems. 5. Did you understand why I was upset? 6. It is a fine idea; let us hope that it is going to work. 7. We will be arriving on Monday morning – at least, I think so. 8. A textbook can be a ‘wall’ between teacher and class. 9. The girl’s father sat in a corner. 10. In the words of Murphy’s Law: ‘Anything that can go wrong will go wrong.’

Semicolon or Comma? Semicolon or Comma Answers 1. The artist preferred to paint in oils; he did not like water colors. 2. Even when the house looks clean, there is usually a bunch of dirt swept under the rug. 3. I'm going to leave early today, unless the boss comes back from the meeting. 4. The computer can perform many calculations at once; however, it cannot reason at all. 5. In the first place, it was snowing too hard to see the road; in the second place, we had no chains.

6. Italy is my favorite foreign country; in fact, I plan on staying there for three weeks this summer. 7. The challenges are not impossible, but they are very hard to clear. 8. I'm going to do all of my English homework every night, because that's how you get an "A". 9. If he misses his appointment, he'll have to wait another six months to see the dentist. 10. There are many negative side effects to smoking; there are no positive side effects from smoking.

Possessive adjectives and pronouns:

Personal pronouns

Sentence construction Writing Compound Sentences Worksheet Create a compound sentence by combining the two simple sentences below with the connecting words (and, or, but). Kerry traveled to the woods. She went hunting. Kerry traveled to the woods and she went hunting. 1. Terry likes hamburgers. Terry likes hot dogs. Terry likes hamburgers and hot dogs. 2. Stephen likes video games. Stephen does not like to pay for video games. Stephen likes video games but does not like to pay for them. 3. The giraffe enjoys eating grass. The giraffe does not like to get chased by lions. The giraffe enjoys eating grass, but do not like to get chased by lions. 4. Sarah must pass her test. Sarah will not be able to go to the movies. Sarah must pass her test or she will not be able to go to the movies. 5. The class must behave. The class will not receive a free day. The class must behave or we will not receive a free day. 6. We must do well on the test. We will not graduate. We must do well on the test or we will not graduate. Vocabulary and spelling: Lesson 17- 21 (Vocabulary for Achievement) Lesson 17 and 18: Activity and inactivity, Forms and boundaries

A. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence:

1. The crowd became ___________ after waiting for an hour for the show to start. a. restive b. complacent c. tranquility

2. Our company is seeking a _____________president who can easily adapt to our strategic goals.

a. boisterous b. dynamic c. monotonous

3. The ______________ environment of the spa made it easy to forget everything. a. complacent b. static c. tranquil

4. The biggest challenge for the spacecraft was to achieve such a

_____________that it could enter orbit. a. velocity b. steadfastness c. static

5. The _____________ toddler can play for hours without getting tired.

a. boisterousness b. energetic c. chaotic

6. The commander was sent out to determine the exact line of __________

between Spain and Portugal. a. demarcation b. distention c. embodiment

7. Layla is always so cheerful and lively, she is the ____________ of happiness.

a. confined b. proximity c. embodiment

8. Hopefully the bad weather will not ____________ upon our plans for an outdoor

party. a. impinge b. gerrymander c. confine

9. I feel very anxious when the principal is in close ____________ to my table. a. demarcation b. proximity c. omnipresence

10. The hospital was unable to eradicate the bacteria because of its ____________.

a. omnipresence b. distention c. impingement

11. The ______________ of the bacteria made it impossible not to get infected.

a. distention b. penetration c. omnipresence

12. She is the ______________ of style and grace.

a. demarcation b. embodiment c. proximity

13. A special US commission was formed to ____________ the border.

a. simulate b. demarcate c. impinge

14. Because of the ______________ of a nerve, he was barely able to do his work.

a. impingement b. cooperation c. intrusion

15. The fishermen could _____________ on scientists’ ability to reach the coral reef.

a. proximate b. corrupt c. impinge

Lesson 19: Strength and defence Choose the answer that best completes the sentence:

1. During November 2017, the Defence Force of Zimbabwe took over the control of the country, but denied that is was a _______________ attempt.

a. blockade b. martial c. coup

2. The angry protesters set up a _____________ which resulted in many people

being late for work.

a. blockade b. withstanding c. robust

3. The country was very strong and was able to ____________ the attack from their

enemies.

a. withstand b. staunch c. robust

4. The __________ of our team prevented their opponents from scoring any goals.

a. vulnerability b. staunchness c. withstanding

5. Ali said he could offer his prospective employees a _____________ income as

he has been in business for over 10 years.

a. stable b. staunch c. robust

6. Only the most _______________ people were able to complete the race.

a. staunch b. vulnerable c. robust

7. The building was ____________ as it was the only structure to remain standing

after the earthquake.

a. omnipotent b. robust c. indestructible

8. He was a very energetic kid, so his mother insisted that he enrolls in

____________ art classes to get rid of some energy.

a. martial b. omnipotent c. robust

9. When I was 5 years old, I was convinced that my father was the strongest man

alive and that he was _________________.

a. omnipotent b. vulnerable c. withstanding

10. He felt very _____________ on his first day at the new school as he knew

nobody.

a. staunch b. vulnerable c. omnipotent

Lesson 20: Importance Make sure your sentence makes the meaning of the word clear. Take a good look at the examples provided here and also in your textbook, before you write down a sentence. Indispensable or indispensability: If the football player can prove his indispensability, he will surely be chosen for every game this season. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Eminence or eminent: It is eminent that she is a very hard worker, she will be promoted soon. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Inconsequential: Dean talked a lot about inconsequential things, while he should be paying attention to his exam.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Indispensable: My father is indispensable in our family as he is the breadwinner, and we will not know what we will do without him. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Indubitably: Ali is indubitably the best long distance runner in the school. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Momentous: The birth of my baby brother was a very momentous day for our whole family. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Noteworthy: It is very noteworthy to mark the paragraphs that the teacher highlighted. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paramount: The principal said that it is of paramount importance that we behave when the Minister comes to visit our classroom. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Petty: Mary was so petty and self conscious that she refused to take out the garbage, because the neighbors might see her. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Prestige: There is a lot of prestige involved in her highly paid job, you see it the way she dresses. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Superficial: The newspaper articles were so superficial, that she realized it didn’t even discuss the real problems in the country. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Vocabulary from The interactive Reader (see Literature) Poetic vocabulary from “Paul Revere’s Ride” (see Literature) Writing: Write summaries of the literature: “Paul Revere’s Ride” (Interactive Reader pxxxx) “Legacies” (Interactive Reader p 168) “The drum” (Interactive Reader p 169) “Choices” (Interactive Reader p 170) Practice punctuation, use of grammar and sentence construction. Enrichment and remedial exercises: Comprehension and unseen passages Worksheet 1 Insert Albert Einstein answer key xxxxxxx Worksheet 2 Insert another one – answer key xxxx