Wireless Application Protocol

Wireless Application Protocol wapforum.org: co-founded by Ericsson, Motorola,

Nokia, Phone.com Goals

deliver Internet services to mobile devices independence from wireless network standards GSM, CDMA IS-95, TDMA IS-136, 3G systems (UMTS, W-CDMA)

Browser “Micro browser”, similar to existing web browsers

Script language Similar to Javascript, adapted to mobile devices

Gateway Transition from wireless to wired world

Server “Wap/Origin server”, similar to existing web servers

Protocol layers Transport layer, security layer, session layer etc.

Telephony application interface Access to telephony functions

WAP: Reference model and protocols

Bearers (GSM, CDPD, ...)

Security Layer (WTLS)

Session Layer (WSP)

Application Layer (WAE)

Transport Layer (WDP)TCP/IP,UDP/IP,media

SSL/TLS

HTML, Java

HTTP

Internet WAP

WAE comprises WML (Wireless Markup Language), WML Script, WTAI etc.

Transaction Layer (WTP)

additional services and applications

WCMP

A-SAP

S-SAP

TR-SAP

SEC-SAP

T-SAP

WAP: Stack Overview WDP (Wireless Datagram Protocol):

Provides transport layer functions Based on ideas from UDP

WTLS (Wireless Transport Layer Security): Provides data integrity, privacy, authentication functions Based on ideas from TLS/SSL

WTP (Wireless Transaction Protocol): Provides reliable message transfer mechanisms Based on ideas from TCP

WSP (Wireless Session Protocol): Provides HTTP 1.1 functionality Supports session management, security, etc.

WAE (Wireless Application Environment): Architecture: application model, browser, gateway, server WML: XML-Syntax, based on card stacks, variables, ... WTA: telephone services, such as call control, phone book

etc.

Content encoding, optimized for low-bandwidth channels, simple devices

Ilustrasi Kerja WAP

WAP: Network elementswireless networkfixed network

WAPproxy

WTAserver

filter/WAP

proxywebserver

filter

PSTN

Internet

Binary WML: binary file format for clients

Binary WML

Binary WML

Binary WML

HTML

HTML

HTML WML

WMLHTML

Origin Servers

WAE: Logical model

webserver

other contentserver

Gateway Client

otherWAE

user agents

WMLuser agent

WTAuser agent

encoders&

decoders

encodedrequest

request

encodedresponsewithcontent

responsewithcontent

pushcontent

encodedpushcontent

Arsitektur Gateway WAP

Beberapa Istilah WDP : WAP Datagram Protocol

layer transport yang digunakan untuk mengirim dan menerima pesan/data melalui segala macam pembawa pesan di jaringan, termasuk SMS, USSD, CSD, CDPD, IS-136 paket data dan GPRS.

WTLS : Wireless Transport Layer Security sebuah layer keamanan yang menyediakan kemampuan enkripsi sehingga keamanan transaksi yang dibutuhkan oleh aplikasi seperti e-commerce dapat terpenuhi.

Beberapa Istilah .. WTP : WAP Transaction Protocol

layer pendukung transaksi. Layer ini menambahkan reliability ke datagram service yang disediakan oleh WDP.

WSP : WAP Session Protocol layer yang menyediakan sesi layer lightweight untuk efisiensi pertukaran data diantara aplikasi.

HTTP Interface untuk melayani penerimaan WAP content dari internet menggunakan ponsel.

Persiapan

Persiapan WAP enabled Web server WAP editor WAP Browser Image Converter

WAP enabled Web server Personal Web Server (PWS) Apache Xitami

MIME handlingDeskripsi File Extension MIME Type

WML Source .wml text/vnd.wap.wml

Wireless Bitmap .wbmp image/vnd.wap.wbmp

WML Script Source

.wmls text/vnd.wap.wmls

Compiled WML .wmlc application/vnd.wap.wmlc

Compiled WML Script

.wmlsc application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc

WML Script .wsc text/vnd.wap.wmlscript

WML Script .wmlscript text/vnd.wap.wmlscript

Personal Web Server (PWS) Konfigurasi MIME di Windows 9x, lokasi konfigurasi tipe MIME dalam registry Windows terletak pada :

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\InetInfo\Parameters\MimeMap

Isi nilainya dengan format:

<mime/type>,<extension>,<unused>,<unused>

Apache /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf. AddType  text/vnd.wap.wml  .wml.

Xitami Xitami.cnf

WAP Editor Freeware WAPtor

http://www.wapdrive.net

WAP Browser / Emulator Winwap (http://www.winwap.org)

Klondike (http://www.apachesoftware.com)

M3Gate (http://www.mywap.to)

Klondike WAP

WinWAP

Image Converter PIC2WBMP

http://www.gingco-newmedia.de UnWired.8bi versi 2.0

http://www.rcp.co.uk/distributed/.

Sedikit Ttg. Programming

Hirarki dalam WML

DECKTEMPLATE

previous, next, home

CARD 1Halaman Utama

CARD 2Halaman Help

CARD 3Halaman Contact

Wireless Markup Language (WML)

Cards and Decks Document consists of many cards, cards are grouped to decks

Deck is similar to HTML page, unit of content transmission WML describes only intent of interaction in an abstract manner

Presentation depends on device capabilities Features

text and images user interaction navigation context management

WMLScript Provides general scripting capabilities Validity check of user input, local user interaction Access to device facilities (phone call, address book etc.)

Contoh Source WML <?xml version="1.0"?><!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC "-//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.1//EN""http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.1.xml"> <wml><template></template><card title="Selamat Datang" id="utama" ontimer=”#help”><timer value=”10”/> <p> <!-- Kartu Pertama --> Halaman Utama ini akan menjadi card pertama bagi user. <br/> <a href="#Help">Klik</a> untuk maju ke halaman berikutnya<br/> atau dalam waktu 10 hitungan akan maju ke halaman berikutnya secara otomatis. </p></card> <card title="Help" id="help"> <p> <b>Halaman Help</b> </p></card> <card title="Contact us" id="contact"> <p> <b>Halaman Contact</b></p></card></wml>

<?xml version="1.0"?><!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC "-//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.1//EN“"http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.1.xml">

<wml><card id="MainCard" title="Options"><do type="accept" label="Kirim"><go href="#hasil"/></do><p><small>Pilih Team :</small><br/><select name="team"><option value="Persija">Persija</option><option value="Persib">Persib</option><option value="PSIS">PSIS</option><option value="Persebaya">Persebaya</option></select></p></card><card id="hasil" title="Terima Kasih"><p>Anda telah memilih $team!<br/>Terima Kasih!</p></card>

</wml>