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Bulletin de liaison de la céramique égyptienneBCE 25, Ifao, Le Caire

Il  serait  souhaitable que  les  textes parviennent à  l’Ifao fin  septembre 2014 au plus  tard. Les normes pour  la publication  seront données  aux  futurs  auteurs sur simple demande, nous sollicitons l’application stricte de ces normes dès la remise des manuscrits.Chaque article sera soumis à l’approbation du comité de lecture.

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I n st I t u t f r a n ç a I s d ’a r c h é o lo g I e o r I e n ta l e

b c e 24 – 2 01 4

24éramique �gyptienne�B uLLetin

de Liaison de

©  INSTITUT  FRANÇAIS  D’ARCHÉOLOGIE  ORIENTALE,  LE  CAIRE,  2014  ISBN  978-2-7247-0650-5  ISSN  0255-0903

Comité de Lecture

BCESusan Allen, David A. Aston, Bettina Bader, Pascale Ballet, Janine Bourriau, Catherine Defernez,  Jean-Yves Empereur, Peter French, Stan Hendrickx, Colin A. Hope, Pamela Rose, Dietrich Raue, Teodozja Rzeuska.

V

W. Raymond JohnsonIn Memoriam Helen Jacquet-Gordon (1918-2013) .....................................................ix

Alain ArnaudièsBibliographie de Helen Jacquet-Gordon (1951-2012) ........................................... xiii

Sylvie MarchandAvant-propos ........................................................................................................................ xxiii

Carte..................................................................................................................................................xxiv

Repères chronologiques ............................................................................................................xxv

i. Parcours régional ............................................................................................... 1

Littoral méditerranéen ................................................................................................... 3

Julie Monchamp  Céramiques romaines de Smouha (Alexandrie), iie siècle apr. J.-C. .......... 5

Delta ........................................................................................................................................... 13

Nicholas Hudson  Preliminary Report on the Pottery at Tell Timai (Thmuis) ......................... 15

Sommaire

VI

b u l l e t i n d e l i a i s o n d e l a c é r a m i q u e é g y p t i e n n e

Sylvain Dhennin, Sylvie Marchand, Julie Marchand, Aude Simony  Prospection archéologique

de Kôm Abou Billou/Térénouthis (Delta) - 2013............................................. 51

Région memphite .............................................................................................................. 69

Katarína Arias Kytnarová  Ritual Ceramic Deposit from the Tomb of Prince Werkaure?

A Tentative Interpretation ........................................................................................... 71

Susan J. Allen  Pottery from the Pyramid Complex of Senwosret III

and Middle Kingdom Mastabas at Dahshur 2003-2010 (The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York) ............................................... 85

Région thébaine et Haute-Égypte ....................................................................... 93

Gábor Schreiber  Late Dynastic Pottery from Theban Tomb No. -61- ....................................... 95

Guy Lecuyot  La céramique du Ramesseum et de ses abords,

état des recherches ........................................................................................................ 101

Julia Budka  Zîr Vessels from the Tomb of Osiris at Umm el-Qaab ............................... 121

Valérie Le Provost  Fouilles récentes d’un habitat à Tell Edfou,

la céramique de la fin de la Première Période Intermédiaire au début de la XIIe dynastie : une séquence de transition ......................... 131

Oasis de el-Hayz ........................................................................................................... 151

Stanislava Kučová, Květa Smoláriková  Roman Transport Amphorae from Bir Showish,

el-Hayz, Bahariya Oasis ............................................................................................ 153

VII

s omma i r e

Oasis de Dakhla ............................................................................................................ 161

Clementina Caputo  Amheida/Trimithis (Dakhla Oasis):

Results from a Pottery Survey in Area 11 ........................................................... 163

Nord-Sinaï .......................................................................................................................... 179

Silvia Lupo, Claudia Kohen  2010 Season at Tell el-Ghaba, North Sinai. Preliminary Report ........... 181

2. Inventaire des sites de production céramique en Égypte et en Basse-Nubie ........................................................ 199

Sylvie Marchand  Inventaire archéologique des sites de production céramique

du Prédynastique à l’époque moderne. Égypte et Basse-Nubie ............. 201

Valérie Pichot, Kaan Şenol  The Site of Akademia: The Amphora Workshop of Apol(l)ônios.

First Excavation Campaign (July-August 2012) ............................................. 225

Nicholas Hudson  Late 4th Century BC Pottery from Tell Timai (Thmuis) .......................... 241

Zulema Barahona Mendieta  La producción cerámica en Medamud. 

Estudio de la cerámica procedente de los hornos del Reino Nuevo, Baja Época y Época Ptolemaica ............................................................................. 267

Bibliographie ................................................................................................................................. 281

Index chronologique .................................................................................................................. 313

Adresses des auteurs ................................................................................................................... 315

Excavations��carried�out�between�1999�and�2008�by�the�Hungarian�Archaeological�Mission�in�the�Ramesside�tomb�of�Amenhotep,�chief�physician�in�the�domain�of�Amun�(no.�-61-)�on�el-Khokha�yielded�a�significant�collection�of�pottery�vessels�roughly�dating�to�the�period�

between�550�and�350�BC.�As�observed�by�D.�Aston,1�numerous�New�Kingdom�tombs�in�the�same�area,�including�those�of�Nefersekheru,2�Amenhotep,3�Amenemope,4�and�Amenmose5�must�have�been�re-used�for�new�interments�this�time,�based�on�the�pottery�discovered�in�these�tombs.�Late�Dynastic�pottery�has�also�been�excavated�in�TT�32,6�-59-7�and�-400-,8�and�the�author�has�seen�ceramic�vessels,�comparable�to�those�found�in�TT�-61-,�in�the�storeroom�of�the�nearby�tomb�of�Kenamun�(TT�412),�which�come�from�Mohamed�Saleh’s�excavations�in�this�area�in�the�1960’s.9�Taken�together,�the�above�facts�tend�to�indicate�that�the�southern�slope�of�el-Khokha�was�one�of�the�nuclei�of�the�Theban�necropolis�between�the�Saite�and�Ptolemaic�Periods.

The�number�and�distribution�of�the�vessels�excavated�in�TT�-61-�demonstrate�that�the�tomb�was�re-used�for�multiple�burials,�seemingly�by�more�than�one�family.�Somewhere�about�the�middle�of�the�6th�century�BC�a�shaft�tomb�was�cut�to�the�statue-room�of�TT�-61-,�which�housed�at�least�four�burials�interred�there�during�the�second�half�of�the�century,�the�date�being�established�on�the�basis�of�pottery,�including�a�Type�D�

1.� Aston�2003b,�p.�162-163;�Aston,�Aston�2010,�p.�114,�p.�186.2.� Feucht�1985,�pl.�LII-LXII,�LXVII-LXXIII.3.� Strudwick�1996,�p.�176-177,�pl.�68-69.4.� Assmann�1991,�p.�222-235.5.� Seyfried�1990,�p.�201�(nos.�617,�634,�640),�p.�206�(nos.�669,�674,�675,�680),�p.�221�(no.�375),�p.�228�(nos.�1387,�1412,�1419,�1430),�p.�230�(no.�2069),�p.�243�(no.�1823),�p.�256�(no.�1842),�p.�279�(nos.�2161,�2163,�2235,�2242).6.� Schreiber�2008,�p.�82-83,�pl.�LXXX-LXXXI.7.� Personal�observation.8.� Personal�observation.9.� On�the�excavation�of�TT�412,�see�Saleh�1983.

Gábor Schreiber Late Dynastic Pottery from Theban Tomb no. -61-

95

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amphora�from�Clazomenae.10�Another�shaft�tomb,�with�a�rectangular�aperture�and�a�chamber�opening,�quite�atypically,�along�one�of�the�long�sides�of�the�shaft�at�the�bottom,�was�constructed�towards�the�turn�of�the�6th�and�5th�centuries�BC,�where�a�small�collection�of�local�pottery�and�a�Lesbian�amphora�were�uncovered.�Besides�these�spots,�Persian�to�Nectanebide�burials�seem�to�have�been�deposited�also�in�the�New�Kingdom�burial�chambers�opening�at�the�terminus�of�the�sloping�passage.�The�vessels�associated�with�these�interments�have�been�excavated�mostly�in�the�debris�of�the�sloping�passage,�where�they�had�been�scattered�by�looters.�Less�surprisingly,�the�overwhelming�portion�of�the�material�is�composed�of�locally�made�vessels�manufac-tured�out�of�Nile�B2�and�C�fabrics,�and�Marl�A4�fabric�(variant�2).�Among�the�Nile�wares�beakers/bowls�with�direct�rim�and�raised�base�proved�to�be�overwhelmingly�characteristic�(fig.�1a).�The�typo-chronology�of�this�shape�still�needs�to�be�worked�out�fully.11�What�seems�certain�is�that�it�is�already�present�in�the�Saito-Persian�strata�of�Elephantine12�and�that�it�develops,�probably�sometime�around�the�Thirtieth�Dynasty�and�seemingly�gradually,�into�what�is�frequently�termed�a�footed�cup�in�Ptolemaic�contexts.13�Of�beakers�furnished�with�one�or�two�spouts�near�the�base,�three�examples�have�been�uncovered�(fig.�1b).�The�shape,�used�quite�evidently�for�pouring�funerary�libations,�finds�ready�analogues�in�the�material�excavated�by�Petrie�in�his�Cemetery�N,14�and�as�such�it�is�to�be�ascribed�to�the�later�5th�and�4th�centuries�BC.�Finally,�ano-ther�indicator�of�a�Persian�Period�date�within�open�shapes�was�hemispherical�bowls�(“goldfish�bowls”)�made�of�Nile�B2�fabric�(fig.�1c),�which�are�exceedingly�typical�of�the�period�between�550�and�400�BC�throughout�the�country.15

Among�closed�shapes�two�classes,�viz.�neckless�jars�and�bag-shaped�jars�have�been�identified.�While�the�former�group�invariably�exhibits�jars�of�Nile�B2�with�a�simple�rim�form�and�a�height�between�45�and�50�cm�(fig.�1d),�the�latter�is�an�umbrella�category�which�comprises�technically�and�morphologically�different�vessels,�including�a�red-burnished�neckless�variant,�and�bag-shaped�jars�with�neck�and�two�handles�attached�to�the�upper�part�of�the�body.�One�example�of�the�latter�with�linear�decoration�on�the�rim�and�neck�(fig.�1e)is�particularly�interesting,�for�it�seems�to�represent�a�direct�

10.� See�Cook,�Dupont�1998,�p.�155,�fig.�23.3g.11.� Masson�2011a,�p.�272.12.� Aston�1999,�p.�217-218�(nos.�1935-1945).13.� Budka�2008,�p.�78-79;�Budka�2010c,�p.�384-385.14.� Petrie�1909,�pl.�XLII.15.� Defernez�2001,�p.�64;�Masson�2011a,�p.�277.

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forerunner,�datable�to�the�later�5th�or�early�4th�century�BC,16�of�Ptolemaic�balalis,�frequently�painted�not�only�with�linear�but�elaborate�floral�decoration�as�well.17

The�collection�of�Marl�vessels�consists�almost�exclusively�of�carinated�jars�of�the�local�Marl�A4�fabric�group�(fig.�2a-b).�The�jars,�with�a�modelled�rim�form�and�some-times�with�a�ring�base,�are�derivatives�and�results�of�an�organic�development�from�late�Third�Intermediate�Period�carinated�jars.�Besides�these�local�containers,�a�few�small-�to�medium-sized�closed�shapes,�such�as�a�bottle�(fig.�2c)and�squat�jars,�made�out�of�K5�fabric�have�also�been�found�in�association�with�this�pottery�assemblage.18�These�vessels�are�best�understood�as�imports�from�the�Memphite�region.19

Finally,�the�collection�of�Late�Dynastic�pottery�from�TT�-61-�is�completed�by�a�few�painted�vessels�datable�to�the�4th�century�BC.�Carinated�bowls�ornamented�with�a�painted�(red�or�black)�rim�band�have�two�examples�made�of�Nile�B2�(fig.�2d),�and�one�example�made�of�the�local�LDP�(Late�Dynastic/Ptolemaic)�Marl�1�fabric�(fig.�2e).20�Of�the�Nile-based�vessels�another,�flat-based�carinated�bowl�(fig.�2f ),�a�bottle,�and�a�bag-shaped�jar�(fig.�2g)�are�to�be�noted,�whilst�the�corpus�of�locally�made�Marl�ves-sels�consists�of�a�carinated�bowl�with�handles,�a�bottle,�three�fragmentary�small�jars,�probably�squat�jars,�and�a�medium-sized�bag-shaped�jar�with�ring�base�(fig.�2h).�It�is�noteworthy�that�with�the�exception�of�a�single�sherd�of�a�large�container�which�comes�from�the�surface�debris,�no�pottery�from�these�contexts�bears�floral�decoration.�As�has�been�shown�elsewhere,21�the�linear�style�generally�predates�the�elaborately�decorated�floral�vessels�at�Thebes,�but�it�continued,�with�minor�changes,�down�at�least�to�the�end�of�the�Ptolemaic�Period.�Given�that�TT�-61-�did�not�yield�any�burial�equipment�which�may�be�unequivocally�termed�Ptolemaic�in�date�and�that�with�the�exception�of�the�single�aforementioned�sherd�no�floral�vessels�were�found,�it�seems�quite�feasible�to�associate�these�pottery�finds�with�4th�century�BC�burials.

16.� For�contemporary�analogues�from�Saqqara,�see�Aston,�Aston�2010,�nos.�95,�299,�333-334.�For�a�Late�Dynastic�local�example�from�the�Kharga�Oasis,�see�Marchand�2007,�p.�492,�fig.�21.17.� Schreiber�2003,�p.�30-31,�pl.�10-14.18.� For�K5�fabric,�see�Aston,�Aston�2010,�p.�5-6.19.� The�possible�northern�origin�of�vessels�made�of�K5�fabric�found�in�Upper�Egyptian�contexts�has�been�indicated�by�Aston�1999,�p.�5.20.� Schreiber�2003,�p.�26.�For�the�local�LDP�Marl�fabrics,�which�can�be�compared�with�Aston’s�K100�and�K200�fabrics,�see�ibid.,�p.�17-18.21.� Schreiber�2003,�p.�43-45.

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Fig. 1. Bowl with direct rim (a); spouted beaker with flat base (b); hemispherical bowl (c); neckless jar (d); and bag-shaped jar (e); from TT -61-.

c.

d.e.

a.

b.

Fig. 1-5 Bowl with direct rim (Fig. 1), spouted beaker with flat base (Fig. 2), hemispherical bowl (Fig. 3), neckless jar (Fig. 4), and bag-shaped jar (Fig. 5) from TT -61-

1/4

0 1 5 cm

a

b

c

de

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h.

g.

c.

a.

b.

d.

Fig. 6-13 Bag-shaped jars (Fig. 6-7), bottle (Fig. 8), carinated bowls (Fig. 9-11), and linear bag-shaped jars (Fig. 12-13) from TT -61-

1/4

0 1 5 cm

f.

e.

Fig. 2. Carinated bag-shaped jars (a-b); bottle (c); carinated bowls (d-f); and linear bag-shaped jars (g-h); from TT -61-.