J

7490 CONGRESSIONAL· RECORD_._SENATE. SEPTEl\IBER 29~

several forks and tributaries. in Idahu with a view to flood con- Also, memorial of Motor Oar Co., of Baltimore, Md:.,, protesting trol ;- to the Committee 'On Flood Control. against the 3 per cent gross. sales tax on the automobi:fe· dealers

By Mr. DENT: A bill (H. R. 6350) to aufuorlze the l.ssuance and manufacturers in the war:..re\enue bill; to the Committee on of Reserve Corps and National Army commissions in the lower Ways and Means. grades of· Sta1! Corps and to remove the- fixed age l.imjts requir- Also, petition of William H. Kammer, ·ot Baltimore, Md'., ing the discharge of Reserve Corps offieers ; to the Commfttee on protesting against the trrcrease in tax on alcohol'; to the Com-Military Affairs. mittee: on Ways and Means.

By Mr. EMERSON: Resolution (If. Res. 156) asking the Also, memorial ot Carr-Lowry Glass Co., of Baltimore·, Md., President to set aside a day of prayer for the success of American- . favoring the inclusion ot glass ma.nufacturers ln the receivers arms; to the Committee on Mill tar~ Affairs. · of preferential coal shipments~ to the· Committee on Agricnltur~

Also, petition of the August 1\laag Co., of Baltimore, Md., favoring the passage of the 1-cent war ta:x: on out-of-town let·

PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS. ters; to the Committee on Ways and 1\feamr. Under clatrse 1 of Rule XXII, pri'v'ate bills and resolutions Arso, petition of the Lftch.fiel'd Manufacturing oo~, of Wate"r·

were introduced and severally referred as fo-Hows: loo, Iowa, protestfng -again'St the excess-profits tax on mttmTfac--By Mr. TINKHA.M. A bill (H. R. 6351}' for- the relief' of the turers of machinery~ to the Committee on Ways and Means.

owner of the stenmer Mayjtotner and for the relfef· ot passengers Also~ petition of Swindell Bros., :Baltimore, 1\fd., protesti'ng on board said steamer;- to the Committee-on the .fndictary. against the pr.oposed tax of 5 per cent on perfumery-; to· the Com ..

By Mr. RAKER: A bill (H. R. 6352) granting- an increas~ of mitte.e on Ways and Means. · . · pension to Martha F. James; to the Commfttee on ·Pensions. Also; petition of Maryland' Pharmaceutical Association, in-

By Mr. NICHOLS of lllichlgan: A bill ~H. R. 6353) for there- dorsing House bill 5531, to increase tile efficiency of the United lief of James. Strachan; to the Committee on Claims. States Army; to the Committee on Milituy Affairs.

By Mr. KINKAID: A bill (H. R. 6354) for the relief of Noah Also, petrtion of Alpha: Photo. Engraving Co.) Baltimore;. Md., Oo:x:; t<t the Committee on Military Affairs. . opposing the war-revenue bill', House bill 4280; to: the Committee

By 1\lr. HOOD: A bill (H. R. 63oo) granting a pensiolll to, on Ways and Means. Lillie I.· Davis; to the Committee on Pensions~ Also, petition of the Progre h-e Fa.r~r, of Birminghnm,

By 1\fr. FOSS: A bill (H. Rr 6856) granting a pension to Ala., protesting against the increase in rates on mall matter Robert Leigh Morris; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. through the adoption o:t the zone s-ystem; to the Corumlttee oo

BY' l\1r. DARROW: A bill ·(H. R. 6357) granting- a: pension to Ways: and Means. F.rences A. Griffith ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. MASON: Petition o.f 1,000 citizeBS of Monroe County,

By 1\.Ir. CURRY of Calitorniu: A bill (H. R. 6358) granting a Dr., favoring the immedlat~ ]i)a:ssage of the Mason bi1t, providing pension to J. F. P. Gentil ~to the Committee on Invalid Pensions:.. that none of the drafted! or conscripted men shalt be sen:t for

By 1\lr. BRODBECK : A· bill (H. R. 6359) granting an r.ncrease service outsi<le the territorial llmifs: of' tlie United States~ to the of pen ion to Jordan Johnson; ttr the Committee on Invalid Committee on Military Affairs. Pensions. BY Mr~ 1\IORIN:- Petitiolli of Woman's Borne 1\iisslona:ry So·

By l\1r. ALMON: A bill (II. R. 6360) granting a pension to ciety of Emory. Methodist EPfscopal Chlll'ch.,. of Pittsburgh, Pa., Mary Lee Jeter-; to the Committee on InvaUd PellSions. mrging the submission of the Sheppard-Webb- bone-dry amend­

ment unconditionally, and asking' for l~slatlon that wiD pro ..

PETITIONS, ETC. Under clause 1 of Rule xxrr, petitions and pape1·s were laid

on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows: · By the SPEAKER (by request): Memorial of the Presbyte­

rian. l\Iinisters• Association of Washington City and 'Vicinity, protesting against the proposal to give tobacco to the soldiers ; to the Committee on Military Affairs-. . ~. memorial o.f Motion Picture Exhibitors' League of Mis­

souri, protesting against any further tax a.gainst the motion-· picture business; to the Committee- on Ways and Means.

By Mr. ASHBROOK: Papers to- accompany House bill 6333, for relief of Hulda.h Bone ~ to the Committee on. Invalid Pen-sions. ,

Also, papers to accompany Jiouse bill 6335, to grant an in­crease of pension to Jordan Johrulon; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions.

hlbit tbe use of' gram in the ma.nllfactu:re. of liquor;, to the Conr­mittee on the Judiciary.

By Mr. RAKER: Memorial of National Automobile Chamber of Commerce, Motor and Accessories 1\'.tarmfucturing Associa­tion, of' New York, protesting against the proposed a. per cent tar on gPoss sales of automobile industry ; to the Committee on Ways and 1\Ieans-. •

.£is&, memorial of Mine Workers' Union, Butte, Mont, favor'"' ing Government eontrol ot mines in tliA.t distriet; to the Com· mittee on Mines and Mining.

Also, petition of Langley & Michels, San F 'ranci-sce, Cal\, in dors.tng section 1106, revenue bill, also· tn.x on drugs and in· creased tax &n alcohol; te the Cbiilll:1ittee on Ways· and Means~

Also, petition of Di::tle Ov~rland Highway A soclatfon, Oolum.­bus, Ga., indorsing the Chmnbel'lain-Dent bill, Senate bill No-. 1: to the Committee- on J..\.lilitary Affairs.

·By :Mr. CARY: l\!emorial of A.eroshade Co., of Waukesha, Wis., protesting agai:Q.St the proposed tax on catalogues~ book- SEN A. TE. lets, etc.., in the war-revenue b:tH; to th.e Committee on Ways .and Means. SATURDAY, Sept'emoer ~9, 1917.

By Mr. GALLIVAN: :Memorial of Lithuanian Alliance of St.. The- Chapiatn, Rev. Fon-est J. Prettyman, D~ D., offered the Casimer, South Boston, Mass., requesting the President of the following prayer: United States to give public assurance that the rights of Almighty God,. we pray for lig.fit upon the pathway of this- new Lithuania shall be championed ana protected at the peace con- day, the light that will illumine every problem that eome before ference following. the war; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. us and that will shine also in our hearts and rn.inds. Give to us

Also, petition of War Convention of American Business, At- the knowledge of the glory of God. We pray Thee to guide us !antic City, September 17 to 21, 1917, 1avoring tfie action of the. according-to, Thine: own unerring counsel fn all om: deliberations Governnaent neces ary to keep at par the American dollar in and give us a.. constant consciousne of the Di ine presence and every country in the world ; to the Committee on Banking and leader hip. For Christ's sake. Amen. Currency.. The J.ourna1 of the proceedings of Thut•sda~ la. twas read and

By Mr. KIESS of Pennsylvania: Papers to- accompany House app.roved. bill 6173, a bill granting a pension to.· l\Iary E. 1\finc.er; to the prE NAVAL ESTABLISHMENT (S. DOC. NO. US).

Committee on Invalid Pensions. Tlie VICE 'PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communiea~ . By Mr. LINTillCUl\1: Petiti.on of W. M. F. Walker, Sl'., and . tlon from the S~eieta6· of the 'I'remmry, transmitting a letter

W. M. F. Walker, jt:., of Baltimore, 1\ld., favoring passage of fr h S .~-h~· f th N b ·ttl 1 tal t• daylight-saving bill; to · the 'Committee on Interstate and Fo:r- · om t e ecreu.u.'Y o e · avy su m1. ng supp emen es I• eign Commerce. . mates of appropriatfons for tne Navar Establi .hmeut, for the

Also, memorial of Keller Sales Co., of Baltimore, Md., protest- service of the fiscal year 1918, amounting to 5,760,000, which,. ing against the 3 per cent gross tax on automobile dealers and with the accompanying papers, was. referred to the Committee manufactur91·s; to the Committee on 'Ways and Means~ · on Appropriations and ordered. to; be printed. ..

· Also, petition of August Detlof, of Baltimore, 1\fd., protesting . MEss.aGE EROM THE .HOUSK against war; to th.e Committee on Fot:eign Affairs. · A me~age from the Hol.lSe.of'Representlltive , by G. F. T'ut.'ner;

Al. o, petition of Franklin lUotor Co., of Baltimore, M.d., pro- one of its clerks, announced that. the House disagrees to the testing agai.'nst the 3 Per eent gross sales tax in tile war-revenue amendments of the Senate to the bill (B. R. 5949) making appro· bill; to the Committee ·on Ways and Means. priations to suPpfy urgent ·deficiencies in appropriations for the

1917. 'CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. t7491J fiScal year ending June 30, 1918, and prior fiscal years~ on ac· count of war expenses, and for other purposes; asks a ·confeTence 'vith · the Senate on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses thereon, and had appointed Mr. FrTzGERA"LD; Mr. SHERLEY, and , 1\Ir. GILLETT managers at the conference on the part of the·House.

The message also announced that the House had passed the :following bills :

S. 2816. An act granting the consent of Congress to the Guines· ville Red River Bridge Co. to construct · ·a bridge acroSs Red River_; and . . . .

S. 2823. A.p act granting the consent of Congress to the city of Elgin, Ill., to construct, maintain, and. operate· a bridge acroSi the Fox River at Elgin. . The message further announced 1:hat · the House baa · passed

the following bills, in which ·it requested the· co-ncurrence of the Senate: ' H. R. 5839. An act extending the time for the ·oenstruction of a bridge across the Mississippi River, in Aitkin County, Logan Township, State of Minnesota; and · · ·

H. R. 6175. An act giving the United States Shipping Board power to suspend present provisions of law and permit -veSsels of foreign registry and foreign-built vessels admitted to Ameri­can registry under the act of August 18, 1914; to engage· in ·the · coastwise trade during the present war and for a period of 120 days thereafter, except the coastwise trade with Alaska.

ENROl-LE~ BILLS S_IGNED. _ , The message also announced that the Sp~er .9~. the House

had signed the following enrolled bills, and they were thereupon signed by the Vice President : . · .

S. 2156. An act to authorize exploration for and disposition of pota~slum;

S. 2705. An act to create the aircraft board and pro\ide for its maintenance; _

H. R. 4960: An act to define, regulate, and punish trading with the erieiny, and for other purposes ; and

H. R. 5431. An acfto authorize the construction, maintenance, and operation of a bridge across· the Saline Ri-ver, n t or near Suttons Ferry, Ark.

PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. The VICE PRESIDENT presented petitions from the Wash­

burn Loyalty League, of Washburn, Wis.; from · C. W. Cannon, of New York City; from W. A: Coombe, of Washington, D. C.; and from D. M. Jones, of Washington, D. C., praying for· the expulsion from the United States Senate ·of RoBERT 1\1. LA FoL­LETTE, a Senator from the State of Wisconsin, which were re. ferred to the Committee on Privileges arid Elections. ~r. KELLOGG. · I send to the desk a petition in the form of

. resolutions adopted by the Minnesota Commission of Public Safety for appropriate reference . . The VICE PRESIDENT. The resolutions will be noted in

the RECORD and referred to the Committee on Privileges and Elections. -

Resolutions relati\e to the speech of the Senator from Wis­consin [Mr. LA FoLLETTE] delivered before the nonpartisan convention in St. Paul on :the 20th of September, 1917, were referred to the Committee on Privileges and Elections.

Mr. FRANCE. · I desire. to present a memorial from certain citizens of Harford County, Md., which I ask to have printed in the RECORD. I do not desire -to discuss the question to which this memorial refers, but I wish to say that I find myself in entire · accord with the statements and sentiments ' contained therein, and that it has my unqualified Indorsement.

There being no objection, the memorial was ordered to be printed in -the RECORD, as follows: Whereas it has become known through the pr~s and otherwise that the

' United ·States Government is · contemplating the purchase of the Bay Shore Tidewater section of Harford County for use as an artillery proving ground : Therefore be it . Resolved, · That we, the canners, farmers, and residents of said sec-

tion, in mass meeting .assembled this 22d day of September, 1917, at Perryman, 1\Id., do hereby register our vigorous protest against such action of the Government, and respectfully - petition. that · the idea of using thls section _be abandoned for the followip_g good and sumcient reasons, namely: · · · ·

•First. Bon. Herbert Hoover, food conservation commissioner, has· con­tinually and most wisely advised and urged a large increase of food productl.on. The part of Harford County under consideration by the Government is one of the most fertile and productive sections in the country, being especially noted for its large yield of sugar corn and tomatoes, of whJch its numerous canneries pack hundreds of thousands of cases annually for domestic consumption and export. The taking over of this garden spot by the Government would destroy many valu­able farms and timberlands, close canneries, and throw a large number of people out of employment. Many homes would be destroyed and thousands of .residents forced to seek work elsewhere. Then, too, the valuable and extensive fisheries along the shores of the Chesapeake Bay and rivers would be disastrously affected, as this is the only spawning ground for shad and herring in this part of the country.

Second. In vlew of these facts, we can not belleve that the adminis­tration would be willing to ruthlessly sacrifice so productive a territory

in this time of great need of foodstuffs, when other sparsely settled an<l less productive localities are available, and could be secured with mucli less damage to the public welfare.

Third. The people of Harford County are patriotic and devoted to thel.r country; they have given of their best sons to the Army an~ their daughters to . the Red _Cross -; their purses have always bee~ open. to any of 1 ts needs, and they are willing to make all necessary sacri· flees, but they are not willing to lose their homes and occupations unless the Government can not procure a suitable site elsewhere; and be it further . _

Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be sent to Gen. Crozier, Bon. Herbert Hoover, and the Representatives of · our State in the United States Senate and House, and to the press.

HIINRY H. BOYER, Chairman. PARKER MI-TCHELL, Secretary.

THE SECO~D LIBERTY LOAN (S. DOC. NO. 112).

l\fr. SBAFROTH. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that an address delivered by Hon. William G. McAdoo, Secretary of the Treasury, at the annual convention of the American Bankers' Association, at Atlantic City, September 28, 1917, on the subject of the second liberty loan, be printed in the RECORD. It is a very able address and '\\ill be of great service in promul­gat~ng the reasons.for the second liberty loan. · Mr. FLETCHER. May I suggest to the Senator lhat he also

ask that it be printed as a document? · Mr. SHAFROTH. It is of such overwhelming importance that

I think it ought to be printed both in the RECORD and as a docu­ment. I asked that it be printed in the RECORD because the RECORD goes OUt immediately, and if printed as a document it would take a considerable length of time before it received cir­culation, and·_only then when addressed by some public o~cial or 1\fember of Congress. ·

Mr. FLETCHER. I ha\e no objection to having it printed in the RECORD and also as a document, and I ·would amend the mo· tion by having it printed as a document as well.

Mr. SHAFROTH. I accept the- amendment. The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, it is so orderell. The address is as follows:

THil SECO~"D LIBERTY LOAN.

"Gentlemen of the American Bankers' Association, it gives me great pleasure to meet . the members of ~his association and to express to you in person my deep appreciation of the patriotic and cordial support the bankers of the United States have given to tbe Government in the important financial operations in which the Treasury has been engaged since the outbreak of the Euro­pean war. _, They des~rve high commendation also for-the notul>lc services they rendered and for the contributions they made to the Red Cross war fund. Nothing coul(!. ye more creditable to the American ·people than their extraor. ary generosity in pro­viding this monumental fund for mercy.

"The credit of the Federal GoYernment throughout its history has been maintained inviolate; its obligations have always been scrupulously observed; its engagements bave always been honor­ably fulfilled. The national credit is the first bulwark of defense of the Nation's rights. If that credit be impaired, the whole economic mid financial structure of the country is imperlled. Finance is so fundamental to war that the first duty of every nation upon the outbreak of hostilities is to conserve its .financial resources and to make the national credit impregnable and suffi­cient for all the purposes of the war.

" In all of the great financial operations in which the Govern­ment has been engaged in the past, and in all of those in which it must engage in the future, the American banker must, be· cause of his knowledge, experience, a!>ility, and influence, be­come the first line of defense and offense. His thorough co­operation with the Governm~nt relieves the task, however stu· pendous, of any doubt. . To you, the patriotic bankers of Amer­ica, has come a great responsibility and a great opportunity­the responsibility of helping your Government solve its huge financial problems successfully, and the opportunity to serve your country in ways peculiarly useful and effective at this time. .

"It is perhaps important that the reasons why we are at war with Germany should be restated as often as possible. There are some noisy agitators and disloyal writers in this country who have persistently endeavored to confuse the issue and to carry on a seditious and subtle propaganda for the purpose <>'f producing discontent among the people and of .giving aid and encour,agement to the enemies of the . United States. A large part ·of this propaganda was undoubtedly financed by the Ger· man Government directly, from the outbreak of the European war, August, 1914, until America entered the war, April 6, 1917. Much of this same propaganda has probably been carried for· ward since America entered the war by German money left in the United States for that purpose by Von Bernstorff, the adroit and malevolent German ambassador, before be was dismissed. With that money an·d with money provided by German sympa­thizers and certain disloyal elements in the United States th9

-. ',· ,

I

7492 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. SEPTEMBER 29,

propaganda bas continued, but in a modified form. It would be difficult to ascertain exactly how much money has been ex­pended for this purpose, but some of the recent disclosur~ by the State Department indicate how active were Germany's own representatives while in this cotmtry. It is well for the Ameri­can people to realize the hypocrisy and disloyalty of an these efforts, and to determine to stamp them out relentlessly and remorselessly, because the interests of the Nation must ut no time be imperiled more by the traitors within our walls than by the enemies without.

" It bas been repeatedly stated that Amet1ca entered this war to make liberty and democracy secure throughout the world. While that is true, it must always be remembered that America entered the war for a more immediate reason. Noble and ideal­istic as is l1er championship of universal democracy, sl1e entered this war primarily because of the persistent insults and aggres­sions of Germany, the wanton disregard of American rights within oru· own borders as well as upon the high seas. the con­temptuous violation of international law, and the 1·uth1ess de­struction of American life and property.

" Before this war broke out every civilized nation. accepted and honored the rule that in time of war a merchant vessel, neutral or belligerent, should not be sunk by an enemy war vessel unless the lives of the passengers and crew were first made safe. Under this long-observed law an American citizen

and on December 30 the British liner Pe-rsia was sunk in the Mediterranean without warning, and more than 300 passengers and members of the crew were lost, among them being an American consul tra vellng to his post. This American corn~ul was obliged to sail on this British vessel, because there was no American ve sel upon which he could travel. He was entitled to protection under international law, as well as under the repeated assurances of the German Government.

"On January 7, 1916, the German Government again assured the 'United States that German submarines in the Mediterranean would not sink enemy merchant vessels, except in accordance wjth the general principles of international law, and 'only al'ter passengers and crews had been accorded safety.' On February 16, 1916, the German Government said to the United States:

"Germany has limited her submarin~ warfare because of her long­standing friendship with the 'United States, and because by the sinkin~ of the Lusitania, which caused the death of citizens of the United State , the German retaliation · a.trected neutrals, which was- not the intention, as retaliation should be confined to enemy subjects.

" The German Government promptly proceeded to disrega1·d these assurances, sinking numerous ships without warning, in­cluding a number of Ame1·kan citizens, and imperiling the lives of many more. Whereupon the American Government notifiecl the German Government on the 18th of April, 1916, two months thereafter, that-

had the light to travel upon a British or a French merchant "If it is still the purpose of the Imperial German Government to ship with the full knowledge that that ship would not be sunk prosecute rl:'lentless and indiscriminate war~re against vessels of com-

merce by the use of submarines, without regard to what the Governm~nt by a German war ves el until the passengers and crew were of the United States must consider the sacred and indisputable rules taken from the ship and their safety secured. Civilized war- of international law and the universally recognized dictate of humanity, f L al t d th li f b the Government of the United Statl:'s is at last forced to the conclusion are as ways respec e e ves o noncom atants. that there is but one course it can pursue. Unless the Imperial Govern-

" If a German regiment should capture a French town or ment should now immediately declare and ·elrect an abandonment of Its city, and, while marching through the streets, should fire upon present methods of submarine warfare against passenger and freight a crowd of unarmed and helpless men~ women, and children, carrying vessels, the Governm~nt of the United States can have no choice

but to sever diplomatic relations with the German Empire altogether. . l\:illing a great number of them, crippling and wounding others, " . the whole world would gasp with horror; and .yet this would Whereupon. the German Governm~t. on the 4th of Ma~, 1916, be far less inhuman than to sink a ship at sea containing non- about two weeks thereafter, gave ~efirute assurances to this Gov­combatant men, women, and children, because on land those' ·~rnment that new. 'Orders had been 1~su~ to Ger~nn naval officers who are wounded may be rescued, taken to the hospitals and in accordRD;ce With the general prmc1ples <?f VIsit ~nd seat•ch in saved, while many who are not hit by bullets may actually es- the destructiOn of merchant vessels recogruzed by mternational cape. The reason the rule of the sea has always been rigidly law.' . . . enforced by every civilized nation is that if you sink an un- "Agam, and m sp1te of ~ese repeated assuranc~, the Gern:~an armed ship without giving the noncombatants a chance to es- Government proceeded to smk merchant ve~e:-els w·tthout warrung cape they are thrown into the water and all must perish. and without secu_rlng the safety of the u:e.s of passengers and There is no chance for the wounded or the uninjured to escape. crew. One American was killed on the Brttlsh steamer Oab?sha The remorseless sea engulfs them all and obliterates life • with- on October 20, 1916; 8 Americans were 1n1led on the Bntisb out a trace.' \Vbat, t~fore, would. be a crime o.f the first steame.r .Mar·ina, Dc~ober '2~, 1916; 17 Americans were killed on order in the killing of ~ncombatants on land is a crime of the- Br1ttsh steamship Rusma, December 14, 1916. colossal and inexcusable proportions when it is ~ommitted upou "On January 31, 1917, the German Government gave this the bigh seas. notice, to take effect the following day : · ·

"Yet this is exactly what Germany has done consistently "Germany will meet the illegal measures of her -enemies by forcibly since the outbreak of the war. She has destroyed merchant prevent!~ in a zone around Great Britain, France, Italy, and in the vessels on the hl"gh sens Wl"thou·t warm"ng, killtn· g· noncombatant eastern editerranean all navigation, that of neutrals included, from ... and to England, from and to Franee, ete. All ships met within that men, women, and children Without mercy and in the most zone will be sunk. brutal and ruthless fashion, in defiance of all international law "Whereupon the United States 'On Februar:r 3, three days and every accepted rule of humanity and civilization. afterwards, severed diplomatic relations with the German Gov-

., The rights of Americans upon the high seas have been ernment in the following statement: wantonly disregarded. It is not an answer to say that Ameri­cans should not have sailed on merchant ships bearing the Brit­ish or the French flag. They had a right to sail on those ves­sels, and were compelled to sail on them because there were not enough merchant ships under the American flag to furnish transportation for American business men, American consUlar and diplomatic officers, and others engaged 1n peaceful and rightful pursuits to go upon their legitimate errands. They were forced to sail under foreign ftags and were entitled to the protection accorded by universally accepted international law and the mandates of civilization and humanity, viz, that the ships would not be sunk by an enemy vessel until the safety of pas engers and crew was first assured.

" On September 1, 1915, the German Government gave the following assurance to the United States:

· " Liners will not be sunk by submarines without warning and without safety of the lives of noncombatants, provided that the liners do not tty

, to escape or offer .resistance. "This promise was promDtly violated. On October 15, six

weeks thereafter, the British steamship Arabic was sunk and three American lives were lo t. The German Government said to the United States:

.. The Imperial G rman Government regrets and disavows the act and bas .notified Commander Schneider accordingly.

" Scarcely had this assurance been received before the Italian steamer Ancona was torpedoed without warning, and seven American lives were destroyed. On the 29th of November, 1915, the American vessel William P. Fto.ye was sunk in violation of international law. Following that, attacks were made upon several American vessels in gross violation of these promises,

"In view of this declaration which withdraws suddenly and without prior intimation the solemn assurance given in the Imperial Govern­ment's note of May 4, 1916, this Government has no alteJ:native con­sistent with the dignity and honor of the United States but to take the com·se which it explicitly announced in its note of April 18, 1916, that 1t would take in the event that the Imperial Government did not declare and effect an abandonment of the methods of submarine warfare then employed and to which the Imperial Government now purposes again 1to resort.

"All diplomatic relations between the United States and the German Empire were thereupon severed, the American ambas­sador at Berlin was immediately withdrawn, and the German ambassador, Von Bernstor.f'f, was given his passports.

4' Between February 3 and April 1, 1917, almost two months,

1 American was killed on the British steamship Eavston, 10 Americans were killed on the British steamer 'Vedamore, 1 American was killed <On the British steamship Torino, 1 Ameri• cn.n was killed on the French steamer Athas, 8 Americans were killed on the British steamship Laconia, 1 American was killed on the Norwegian steamship Sjostad, 5 Americans were killed on the American steamship Vigilancia, 7 Amerlcans were killed on the American steamship Healdton, and 19 Americans were killed or missing from the Briti h steamship Orispiln. Besides this, seven American steamships were sunk by German snbmarlnes in these two months, but no Americans, except 5 on the Vig£-lanoia, were killed. ·

"Moreover, the British steamer Yarrowdale was captured by a German auxiliary cruiser prio: to our entry into the war, and 72 American citizens were taken as prisoners of war by Germany, which was a clear violation of American rights. They were maltreated and abused and subsequently released.

1917. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE·~ 7493 " The crowning act of infamy in Germany's ruthless policy,

however-and r_ mention it last, although it was the first in occurrence--was the sinking, on May 7, 1915, of the British steamship l/usitania, an unarmed passenger vessel, and tfie killing of 114 American citizens-men, women, and children.

" Each and every American life and each and every .A:merican yessel destroyed by Germany during these two years was an act of war upon the American people; the consequences of- which we:r:.e avoi<led from time to time by the plausible assurances and excu e of the German Government, each and every one of which was perfidiously and in incerely made, and each and every. one of which was deliberately disrE:gardea.

"But this is not all. Germany, while professing friendship for America, and while her ambassador, her representatives, and her citizens were enjoying our hospitality and receiving our protection, was plotting against the domestic security of the United St-ates by blowing up munitions plants, fomenting strikes and disturbances in the labor world, disoeminating false information and poisoning the minds. of the American people against their own Government, plotting its· downfall, and seek­ing to influence our Congress, as evidenced by Von Bernstorff's dispatch of January 22, 1917, to the Berlin foreign· office; in which he said: ' I request authority to pay up to $50,000 in order, as oiL former occamonS; to influence Congress through the organization you know of, which can perhaps prevent war.' And while Von Bernstorff was. busy upon our own shores with intrigue through his spy system and through the· aorrupt use of money to influence public opinion arrd· the national policies of the American people, Zimmermann, the foreign secretary in Berlin, had sent a dispatch to Mexico urging her to make war upon the United States and begging Mexico to invite Japan to join her in this dastnrdly work, promising Mexico that Cali­fornia. Arizona, New 1\lexico, and Texas would be restored to Mexico in the event of success. 'Vhat more perfidious conduct could have ehm'ftcterized the government of any nation with which we were at peace? .What must be the judgment upon: a government capable: of such infamies-? And yet there are those who undertake· to defend Germany and to say that the- Ameri­can people ilid not haveo sufficient grounds upon which· to -enter this watt

" The· olitrages committed upon American rights through the persistent destruction· of American life and' property during the yea:r:.s 1915; 1916, and 1917 were provocation enough, but when the German Government undertook by its· edict of Janu­ary 31. 191:7, to mark off hundreds of miles of the high seas surrounding Great Britain, France, and Italy, and to declare that_ it would sink on· sight every American vessel which entered these prohibited waters, although in pursua-nce of lawful com­merce and of international right, and actually proceeded to carry out the threat, there was. nothing left for America to do but to fight or else submit to this tyrannical and monstrous edict of the German military despot.

"We cho e ·t<> fight-and why? Because, first, national honor a:nd self-respect imperatively demanded it, and, second, be­cause we can never concede the right of any nation, however powerful, to order American vessels ·and American citizens to keep oft the high seas and prevent America from selling her surplu products of the farm, the factory, and the mine to other nations of the \Yorld.

"If we had tamely submitted to that order, it would have brought disaster and ruin to the American peOJlle. Not only would it have oeen a mortal blow to their honor, self-respect, and standing as a nation but it would have brought irreparable injury., loss, and suffering. to · our people. If any foreign nation in_ this war could with impunity order vessels of the United States to keep off of any portion of the high seas, which are the common property of all the nations of the earth, and if we had submitted, we would have established a fateful precedent. In a future war some other nation might conclude that Ameri­can -ves els carrying American citizens and American com­merce should be ordered off of some other portion of. the high seas, and we would be obliged to submit or to fight under all of the disad ·antages of having yielded in the first instance. If we had been submissiYe, it would not be an illogical next step for the nation which ordered us off of 500 miles of the Atlantic Ocean to · order us to keep off the entire Atlantic Ocean except that part within. 3: miles from our own shores, over which we have ach""nowledged juri diction. We could neYer submit to such a destruction of our vital rights.

" On the material side the disaster of submission is most sh·iking. The Kaiser's order forbade our ships from carrying our people and ou1~ commerce to Great Britain, France, and Italy. Our prosperity and our. welfare as a people are in­separably connected~ with our right of' free and unmolested in­tercourse. with those nations. In the fiscal year 1917 om· total

exports to Great Britain, France, Belgmm, and Italy were $3,457,000,000, in .round numbers; in 1916 they were $2,247;-000,000, in round numbers. Our e::qlorts to those countries con­stitute more than one-half of our export· trade with the entire world. These exports represent the surplus products of our farms, of our mines, of our factorie . If. we are denied a ma.r.­ket fol' them, these farm products would rot or go to waste upon our own soil, the proquction of our mines and factories woul<f be greatly reduced, labor would be· thrown out of em- · ployment, stagnation of· industry would result, and suffering and want would stalk in the land. Our production aiways has exceeded the home demand, and if we are denied foreign mar­kets and attempt to sell the whole of our products at' home, tl1e result would be demoralized prices, with returns far below the cost of production, and consequent injury to every man, woman, and child in America. No orie more than our farmer , the grain. growers, and· the cotton growers particularly, would be so injured by obedience to the Kaiser's order. While our ex­port trade would be destroyed, our import trade wduld dis­appear. Certain imports are essential to our national life and existence. We must have them, and we can never· submit to any tyrant- who forbids us to saii the high seas in the peaceful pursuant of our legitimate intere ts and in the unmolested enjoy­ment of the rights· we won by the blood and courage of our ancestors.

"If we had ·yielded to this insolent order signed by the Kaiser in. his palace in Berlirr, he would have destroyed by . one stroke of his pen more than $3,400,000,000 of our commerce, and Ameri­can ves els and American citizens would have been · excluded from all intercourse with- the great and friendly nations of Great Britain, France, and Italy. By one stroke of the Kaiser's pen he would have accomplished more de truction on our faTms; in our factories, and in our mines than he could achieve with all the armies and navies ot· the German Empi1·e. It is a monstrous edict, and it would be a monstrous thing for America to submit to it. · ·

"And so we had to fight for our rights, and so it Is that we en­ga:ged in a righteous war-a war which we intend to bring to a successful issUe by tbe organized· might of this Nation. We intend to match organizati'on against organization, science against science, American skill against German skill, American valor against German valor, and I have· not the shadow o£ a doubt that the victory will be complete, that Am&ic'a's IlonOF will be vindicated; that America's vital rights will be preserved, that peace upon a ~ble and just basis will be reestablished, and that democratic fnstitutions will be extended · throughout the earth.

"When· war comes to a nation the first essential is money. We must keep our soldiers· and sailors armed and equipped with the best that money. can buy and .American skill devise We must constantly provide them with necessary clothing and·food; we must pay their wages; we must. as a humane and just Na­tion, support their dependent families while they are risking and giving their very lives for us; we must supply them with a rea­sonable amount of life insurance. We destroy their insurability and conscript almost the whole of their earning power when we draft them and send them to the front. We can do no less than restitute their destroyed insurability and their diminished earning power. We must increase, strengthen. and maintain our Navy; we must provide a predominant fleet of aeroplanes and air fighters; we must build a great merchant fleet, so that our long line of communicatiorr with our gallant soldiers in France may be maintained and our commerce carried aero s the high seas in defiance of the German Kaiser and his sub­marines; we must succor our noble compatriots in arms-the British, the French, the Italians, the Belgians, and the RuS'­sians-by lending them money with which they can buy arms and food and . other supplies in our market . All these things must be done and done quickly. It is upon the Treasury of the United States that every demand in time of war focuses, because everything goes back to the gold pile. The problem of the American Treasury is the problem of the American banker and the· problem of the American people; it is the problem of keeping tlie Treasury supplied. with the means to carry forward these great objects under the direction of the Commander in Chief of the Army 'and Navy of the United States, your Presi­dent, whose glorious stand for America's honor and America's rights, for justice, civilization, and demorcracy have made him one of the greatest of 'tbe world's outstanding figures. -

" The problem is twofolfl : To supply essential credits to 'the allied Governments, because it is vital to the cause that theh· strength: and credit shall be sustained ; and, secondly, to meet our own requirements. ·

" Rouglily speaking, and after allowing for the amount of rev­enue to be raised by taxation for the fiscal year ending June 30,

7494 CO:NGR.ESSIONAL RECORD-- SEN ~1,E. SEPTE~IBER- 29~ .

1918, we shall ba ve to raise by additional bond issues between thirteen a nu fourteen billions of dollars. It is estimated that $5,000,000,000 will repre ent additional loans to the allied Gov­ernments, which, in turn, '~ill give us their obligations bearing mterest. This $5,000,000,000 will not, therefore, represent ex­penditures; it will represent loap.s based upon the good faith and honor of these foreign Gov-ernments-loans which will ulti­mately be repaid to the American people. But as we must finance these loans, they are an integral part of our general financial operations. To raise thirteen to fourteen billions of dollars on or before the 30th of June, 1918, by the sale of bonds in recurring installments seems· to some people an impossible task. It is a stupendous undertaking, but it is not impo sible for America. It is not ea y, but it can be done. Our resources are adequate; our will is perfect; otu· spirit is indomitable; and our success is certain. We hav-e only to pull together-bankers, lawyers, doctors, manufacturers, farmers, wage earners, labor­ers, men and women alike, Girl Scouts and Boy Scouts, and every other class of our people--and we can do the job. Ah·eady we have demonstrated what a united people can do when par­tisanship is subordinated to patriotism ; when love of country becomes supreme. I look forward, therefore,-with confidence to the .success of the recurring campaigns we must make for the sale of liberty bonds, and I am comforted by the reflection that the Government has the solid and unswerving suppo1~t of the patriotic men who compose the American Bankers' Association.

" The new bonds bear 4 per cent interest and are exempt from all State, municipal, and local taxation, except estate and · in­heritance taxe , and all Federal taxes except s_uperincome taxes, excess-profits taxes, and inheritance taxes. They are convertible into another issue of bonds, if authorized by the Congress, bear­ing a higher rate of interest th.an 4 per cent. I shall not enter into tlw details, because Treasury circulars and regulations will explain them :ful~y . . I do desire, howev-er, to adv-ert briefly to the taxation feature of these bonds.

11 The first liberty bonds bore 3! per cent interest ·and ''ere exempt a1so from supertaxe ·. These bonds did not make the widest appeal. To be succe ·sful with recurring issues of liberty bond it is nece sary that they should appeal to the rna· es of the people. In or<;ler to give the exemption from supertaxes on the first liberty bonds it was necessary to make the rate of in­tere t correspondingly ·lmY. The returns how that of the 4,000,000 subscribers to the first liberty loan 3,960,000 subscribed in amounts of $10,000 and less. The aggregate of such subscrip­tions was approximately $1,300,000,000, or 62! per cent of the fil'st offering. To most of these subscribers exemption from the supertaxes was of no value, or in any case of little value, whereas to the 40,000 subscribers who bought large blocks of libei~ty bonds the exemption from the supertaxes gave an undue advantage. In order that they might have this advantage, the small holder was obliged to receive a lower rate of interest. -It was estimated that under the pending House bill the exemption from supertaxes would make a 3! per cent_liberty bond in the hands of a man with a large income equivalent to a taxable bond bearing 9! per cent interest per annum for that part of his income in exce s of $2,000,000 .. The inequality of this plan is obvious. · It .·ets at naught · the principle now firmly grounded in our national policy that graduated taxes shall be laid upon wealth in order that the burden of taxation may be equitably distributed and made to bear more heavily upon the rich than upon the poor. No one now challenges the correctne. of this principle. It is, therefore, essential that Government bonds hould be i sued upon a basis which will be equally just to the poor man and the rich man, so that each may purchase these bonds upon practically the ~arne intere. t basis after allowing for the different scales of taxation. The present law accomplishes that object.

" It should be borne in mind, moreover, that if the Government should continue to exempt from supertaxes bonds issued during this war, the time would come 'vhen there would be created in this counh·y a class of people of great wealth, enjoying great incomes wholly free from tax burden. A grave risk would be involved in such a policy. It would be fraught with . great danger to the State and would be well calculated to produce dis­content with tax burdens falling thu heav-ily on the many to the ex:clu ion of the few.

11 For the purpose of illustration, let us suppose that the war continues so long that $20,000,000,000 of bond , bearing 4 per cent interest, should be outstanding, and that they were exempt from all taxation, including supertaxation. The intere t charge on these bonds would be $800,000,000 per annum, almost as much as the entire ex'J)enses of the Government at the outbreak of this

. war. Let us suppose t11at half, or $400,000,000, represented the exemption ft·om supertaxes which was accorded to people of great wealth. - Bear in . mind that I am taking nrbitrat·y . figm•es merely for the purpose of illustration. Tllis $400,000,000 would

lla\e to be raised by tnxation upon the masses of the people; in other words, they would have to be taxed directly in order that the $400,000,000 of tax exemption accorded to the people of great ~ealth who bought the liberty bonds should be able to get them on better terms than the poor man who bought them. This is mani~ ~estly unfair, becau e, although the total exemption affect more 9r le the price for which the bonds may be sold for the United States, yet no adequate return can be bad for it. We can not ell bonds in billions on the basis of. what they may be worth to

the very rich. They mu t be offered to all the people alike at one price, and should appeal to all a-like and upon equal term . The result of selling a bond which bears a low rate of interest fllld carries exemption from graduat~d and superincome taxes ~vill be this: The poor and the people of modest mean. will buy them for patriotic rea ~ons, but will be l.mablo to hold them, because the return is too small. It will be le s than they can get from banks of deposit or savings banks, and the tendency will be all the time for the e bonus to be purchased from them and accu­mulated by the v-ery rich without any adequate consideration moving from them either to the United States or to the original subscriber. In these circumstances the value of the tax exemp. tion depends not upon the bonds themselves but upon a wholly extraneous fact, the extent of the wealth of tlle holder.

"Much might be said for subjecting the · bonds to normal in­come taxes as well as to supertaxes. Practical 'considerations, however, make such a discussion academic. If the bonds were not exempt from normal taxeSj it would probably be necessary to offer a lligher rate of interest than .4 per cent. To do that would involve too sudden an adjustment in the markets for other securities to be healthy. It i important that the United States, in becoming a great borrower of money, should adjust the terms of issues in such a way as to avoid, · as far as practicable, any break in the general market for securities. It is apparent that the rea ons I have given, which are controlling against exemp­tion -from supertaxes, apply, if at all, only to a very limited ex­tent to exemption from stamp taxes and normal income taxes. These taxes are levied upon all wealth at a level rate, and the exemption carries approximately equal value to every bond· holder, ri_ch and poor alike. There is a very_ natural feeling that the holder of a United States bond ought not to be harassed by little taxes and returns incidental to its ownership. The United States ought to be able to get full value for exemption from • uch normal and .stamp taxes in the price and inte1·est rate at which it will be able to sell its bonds. The bonds will, of course. con­tinue to be exempt from all State and local taxes throughout the United State .

11 If a subsequent serie of bonds bearing interest at a higher rate than 4 per cent per annum should be issued by the United States before. the end 'Jf the war, then the holders of these bonds will have the privilege, at their option, at any time within six months after such is ue is made, of converting their b"onds at par into bonds bearing the higher rate of interest at the price, not less than par, at which the bonds bearing interest at the higher rate shall be off red for ubscription to the public. Of com·se bonds bearing interest at a ·higher rate than 4 per cent can not be issued without further legi ·Iation by Congress, and, if such an issue should be authorized, not only the interest rate but al o the general character of the bonds will be determined by Congress or by the Secretary of t11e Treasury under the au­thority of an act of Congre s; and the holders of the 4_' per cent bonds will be entitled, if they wish to do so, to receive bonds of the character so determined, except that the bonds issued to them, if they exerci e the privilege of conversion, will have the same date of maturity, the same interest dates, and the same date for .redemption before maturity as the 4 per cent bonds now offered. If this new conv-ersion right arises it must be exer­cised within the period prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury or it will come to an end. The object of this privi­lege of conver ion is to place the investor in 4 per cent liberty bonus in a position of substantial· equality with the purchaser of bonds of the next is~ue at a higher rate! . if any be made-. not to give him a position of superiority from which he might pick and choose between various bargains which from time to time migbt be offered by the United States during the course of · the war. -u the new bonds into which conversion is made carry also a conversion privilege then that privilege may be exercised with respect to a subsequent i sue at the holder's option.

11 These provi ions for conversion are substantially determined by llie act of Congress recently approved by the Presiclent, and under which the bonds are offered for subscription. Of course this act of Congress does not affect in any way · the rights of the holders of the 3! per cent. liberty bonds of the first isgue.' Their rights were fixed by the previous act, and by the terms of the circular offering the e bonds for subscription, and by the terms of the bonds themselves. They may convert their bonds ~

1917 .. CONGRESSIONAL B.ECORD-SENATE. 7495 into new 4 per cent bonds just like those now being offered for bined-resources-of the National and State banks ( ln~1uding trust subscription, except that the bonds issUed upon such conversion companies) -of the United States are now $37,000,000,000. At the will have the same maturity of principal and interest and re- outbreak of the -Civil -War t he combined resources ·of the banks clemption <late as the old 3! per cent bonds, or they may keep were estimated to be $-1;500,000,000, and yet with these limited theirS~ per cent bonds if they prefer. banking resomces the 1Jnio:a Government ·Taised $3,000,000,000

"The old law under which the 3t per cent liberty bonds are by bond sales, or twice the amount of the banking re ources of issued differs in one respect from the new law under whieh the the country. Upon the same basis we should now be able to raise 4 per cent bonds are i S'Ued. The holders of the 31 per cent bonds, $74,000,000,000 through Government loans. I am not suggesting while they must exercise the ·privilege of ·conversion into the 4 that this may be done; I am only drawing a comparison. per cent bonds within the period of six months beginning Novem• · "There has· been much specu:l.ation as to what are the annual ber 15, if they desire to exercise it at all, would have the right, savings in the United States, ·as to whether or not they are large if subsequently bonds should be issued at a still higher · rate, enough to meet the demands of the Government in this war, and say, 4! per cent, again for a · per-iod of six months begi-nning at as to how much will be left after the needs of the Government are the date of the issue of those ·bonds, to convert their bonds ·into satisfied. I have 'myself been greatly confused by the many 4! per cent bonds, even though they ha:d-not made an intermediate conflicting estimates and theoretical obser-vatians with which I conversion into tbe 4 per cent· bonds. This arrangement. re- have been favored. Recently there was placed in my hands a suiting from th~ language of the old law; seemed to Congress and most interesting and illuminating paper on this subject by Co~ to the Treasury Department to be rathei' more than ·fair to the 1\.f. W. Thompson, now in charge of the Finance Division of -the old bondholders and to carry with it burdens of administration SignaJ -corps of the United States Army, and a member of ·the and dl:ffi.cul-ties in connection with the future financing of the firm of Thompson & mack, financial accountants, of New York. United 'States which ought not to be re,peated. T.he argument and the figures arrayed in this statement are

" It has been urged upon me that many men of wealth will re- impressive.. I quote two paragraphs from this statement : fuse to buy the 4 'Per cent bond with liability to superincome . " Careful investigation of the present available. supply of capital sug~ taxation. I should ·be loath to believe this; but if it is true, ges'ts the conclusion that the present needs of the Go-vernment may be the po ltion of the Government must always be to offer a adequately met, and that the entrance of the Government into the mar~ bond upon terms fair and equitable to all alike and wbich will 'ket ~s a competit!)r fo-r -capital need not ~revent necessary expansi011.

The nee:ds of the country .must be and will be first .served. but there mn'ke the widest possible appeal 'to all tbe people without regard 'Will be sufticient capital left for industrial purposes. Patriotic response to the extraneous fact that a man may be })Oor 'Or rich. T.he to the needs :of the comrtry need :Dot force· ·banker.s into a policy of -r~~ Govet·nment can not finance this war by making an appeal alone .trenchment. Th"tlse conclusions are striking. Indeed, they are at varl-

anc.e 'with the general attitude of financiers. but they are soundly hased to the ricb, nor to fhe man of moderate means, nor to the ·poor. upon accurate mtistica:I inio'l'mation. Its appeal must be to a11 the -people, and all the people must · " In a _normal year .savings from all sources in the United States~

· d by i eff t · th G from corporations, business men, farmers, and investors generally-respond to that appeal an un ted ort sus am e ov~ amount to from $5,000:~000,000 to $6,000,000,000. In 1916 the supp),y ernment in these great ·credit operations. It has been suggested of capital in the 'Uniteu States was about two a.nd a half tim1!s the nor­to me that patriotism should ,play no part in the sale of ·Gov.. mal :amount. In that year savings in this country, ·tncluding ·those ·re-ernment bonds. I do not concede this, although I '""elieve that invested by co.rponatlons tn their own .enter.Prises, amounted to $15,000,­

·u 000,000. Conservative estimates for the current year indicate that the the American people will ·buy these 4 per cent Government bonds aggregate for 1917 available for the use of the Government in prosecut­on their merits. Patriotism is, first, love of country above 'ever~ ing the war and for the general purposes of financing industry may reach thing-above life ltself; second, love of country .com.bine.d with J1S,ooo,ooo,ooo. · . that vital .interest in the Nation's welfare and safety which " I haYe not had opportunity ·y-et to study the elaborate tables will make .secure the material interests of each Jndividual .and . nnd the argument which have been submitted t.o me in support promote his happiness and prosperity. of these conclusions, but I bave exmnined them sufficiently to

'' If this is true, the man of wealth, with patriotism or with -convince me that they are worthy of deep study. · I am greatly modified patriotism or without Jl1ltrlotism, :has a greater stake indebted to Col. Thompson and to his fum, Messrs. Thompson & in the security of ·Government than any ·Other elass, because if Black, for the service they have rendered in making such a care­the Government's ·credit is destroyed and disaster comes upan ful analysis and for the privilege they have given me of making the ·country, as it- inevitably will if the Government's credit use of it. I hope to be able to publish Col. Thompson's statement fails, what is .property worth to the rich man, what is life worth in the near future. to the free man? By buying Government bonds the rich· mau "Whatever differences of view there ·may be about the annual obtains the safest inve tment in the world and, at the same time, , savings of the American people, it is undoubtedly true that they by helping to sustain the national credit, p1·omotes the national are so large that with the other _resources of the ·country upon safety and makes _property secure. which we may draw, there can be no doubt whatever of the

" But upon the merits of the investment the man of wealth ability of the people of the United States to finance every: -de­secures in a Government bond, subject even to the supertaxes, inand whieh the Government may make upon them for the pur­an invesnnent of matchless -character. His principal is safe be- poses of this war. If the ordinary savings wbich llave been , yond :peradventure. Neither storm nor stress can shake Jt. Its made heretofore voluntarily are now augmented by the savings market value is the same in every State in the Union; it is which .can be effected unde1· the pressure of patriotism ·and exempt from taxation in every State in the Union and not, necessity, by prevention of waste, the practice of genuine .as in the case of State, municipal, or local bonds, only in the economy, the cutting.@ff of luxuries-during thepet·iod of thL.o:; war, State of issue; it pays an adequate return; it is ·convertible into what may not ·the American people be able to do? Already the another bond bearing a higher -rate of interest during the ·war · country is aroused to. the importance ·o.f the situation, .and there with Germany. What could be more liberal to the investor? I ;Is a spirit of aetermination and cooperation th·rougbout the lalld .know .of no instance where a bond has been issued by a State, which augurs well for the success of every financial undertaking or any J>Olitical subdivision thereof in the United States, or by of the Government and for the continued maintenance o-f our any private corporation,· which gave to the investor the oppor~ industrial and commercial situation unharmed and unimpeded tunity of conver·ting that bond into a subsequent issue o:f bonds by the essential financial operations of ·the Government. This .at a higher t·ate of interest. There may be, but I am not aware sounds -at -varll).nce with what I am going to sny subsequently of it. about th·e necessity of cutting off of unnecessary -capital expend!-. " 'irhe question naturally presents itself as to .how these great tures during the war, but it is not. That action is none the less

operations of the Government are to be financed. They can be .desirable, because, as a matter of prudence and of wisdom, we financed only through the united support of all the people of the should conserve the Tesources of the Nation in every possible United States. The kind of support I mean ·is that every .mdi• direction. vidual, every partnership, every corporation, shall inv.est not " In the matter of sa-vings, which are of such prime importance, only their available means from time to time in· Government the Treasury purposes to issue in the near .future and to sell to bonds, but that they shall make sacrifices nf. comfort 8.nd . con- .the people. war savmgs certificates in as small denominations as venience; that they shall economize; that they shall avoid waste; $5, maturing in five years, nnd upon such a reasonable plan that that they shall save m every possible direction in order that they the humblest person in the land may be encouraged to save all may increase their .available resources for the pm~pose of assist- that he can and to invest in an absolutely safe security bearing ing the Government in these prodigious operations· upon which interest, while a:t the same time doing his part to sustain tbe the national security -absolutely depends. We .must encourage Government ·and help win the war. .J. have appointed a war thrift and industry throughout the land, ·and we must- make savings committee to take charge, tmder the direction of the Sec­everybody ·understand that the first duty of the hour at this retary of the ·Treasury, of this important b-ranch of the werk_ critical time is to place all thei:r available resources .at 'the dis- This committee consists -of 1\Iessrs. ·Fra'IlkA. Vande-di:p·, chairman; posal of the Government. Frederick A. Delano, of the Federal Reserve Board ; .Henry For-d,

'"Fortunately the -resources of America were never so ample fl)r of Detroit; Charles L .. 'Baine, of Boston;. Mrs. Elizabeth Bass. of ourselves and so formidable ·for our enemies as now. 'The com,. Chicago ;·.Eugene Meyer, of New York. It wiD :not be pes ib-le to

74!l6 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN ATE. SEPTEl\IBER 2'9: '

offer the wat' savings -certifi-cates dtu·ingi:he-:f01·thcoming li~erty loan campaign, but as _quicklY. ~ possible the e certificates will be made available for the people of the country through_ the post offices, internal-revenue offices, customs offices, the banks, and other agencies that may be designated by the Government.

" The value of this ca_mpaign for war sav_jngs cei:tificates is not alone in the amount of money : that may be_ SU;ved, but in teaching the people of the United States on a nation-wide scale and through an intelligent prese~tation o~ the facts the value of thrlft.and saving. Its b~nefici!tl effects ~:mght t9 surviv~ the war and have a permanent effect upon the future economy of the country. .

"Upon the bap.kers rest a -peculiar duty and respo~s~bipty at this time. Th~ cnu render inestimable service, not alone in promoting savings but also . in exercising a wise discrimination as to loans involving new c~pital expenditures !tnd . in discour­aging every unnecessary undertaking involving fixed invest­ments until after the close of this war. We must realize, my fellow countrymen, that the gravity of the sitl!ation for the Nation and for the entire world is so impre sive that the Gov­ernment must preempt and occupy exclusively, if necess~y, until this war is over the entire investment field in the United s~~& . .

" It should be the first duty of every citizen to invest gladly his available means in Government bonds, and it should be the duty of the patriotic governors of our States, the mayors of our cities, and the controlling authorities in every political sub­division of the country to discontinue unnecessary public works and in1provements until this war is over. Private enterprise should be governed by the same principle. I do not mean to l1ave you infer that this is a definite suggestion that an imme­diate attempt be made upon any organized scale to discourage unnecessary capital expenditm·es; but I do wish to ·tu·ge that you, the bankers of America, make a deep study of thls ques­tion, so that if the time comes when it is desirable to take ac­tion you wlll be prepared to cooperate quickly with the Govern­ment.

"It should be remembered that the National Government has no power, through legislation, to regulate or control capital ex­penditures of States, muni(!ipalities, or political subdivisions of States, rior has it the power to legislate with regard to such investments by private corporations, except those engaged in interstate commerce. Through_ the cooperation of the States effective measures could in time be concerted, no doubt, to meet thls question if the necessity arises. But that would take time. In the absence. of State action it is possible, however, for the bankers of the country to discom·age, to a very great extent, unnecessary or unwise investment of capital in private and public enterprises during the period of this war. I hope that this association will appoint a committee to study this problem and to be prepared to act as the public interest may require.

"It is also a matter of great importance that the bankers of America shall conserve their own .resources, having always in mind the supreme neces ities of the State, so that they may be able, as the first bulwark of the Government's credit, to respond quickly and effecti-vely to any calls the Government may make upon them. In this connection it is most important, gentlemen, that interest rates should be kept at a reasonable level through­out the country, that sufficient expansion of credit should be llad to carry on the great commercial and indu trial operations of the Nation and to a i tin the flotation of successive issues of Government bonds.

" I should like to impres~ upon you the importance of a prompt and widespread response on the part of the bankers of the United States to the offerings of short-time Treasury certifi­cates which will be made from time to time. These certificates, as you know, have maturities of from 30 days to 4 months, and are sold in anticipation of bond offerings and the payment of taxe . Through their use, the necessities of the Govertiment during the interval between recm·ring bond issues are met, and the proce s of financing thes8 bond issues is. not only eased but simplified. Undue strain upon the credit resources of the coun­try is avoided because payments are spread o'\"er a period and adjusted in such n way as to pre-vent disturbance and incon­_venience. The banks can render highly valuable and patriotic er\ice to the Government by purchasing promptly, and to the

extent required. these Treasury certificates as offered. "We are fortunate in havi.ng the Federal Reserve System,

Jvhose u efulness is now becoming increasingly manifest. This ..system is demonstrating every day its tremendous importance ~nd val-qe to the banks and to the American people. It not only gives strength and security ~ to om· financial structure, but it o;ffers_ tl!e. essential means of legitimate .credit expansion and flexible note issues, for which the country has so long stood in

dire need. . This system has already won · the approval of the bankers and people of the United States. I wish that the State banks ·would realize the great opportunity they now have of promoting the~r . own . interests by joining the Federal Reserye Sy tern, and .by uoing so to make that great system more im­pregnable for their interest and the common interest of t11e cotmtry. It would consolidate the financial strength of the Nation in such a way· that tJie operations of the Government in this war could not be put in question. It is a commanding .duty of self-in~rest and patriotic service to the country. . "The next offeriiig of the-liberty loan ha~ just b:)Em announced. The -amO-unt is $3-,000,000,000, with the right reserved to allot 50 per cent of the oversubscription. I should like you to under­stand, gentlemen, . t.Iiat' in the determination of the amount of these offerings I am controlled by inexorable facts. These facts are the actual necessities of your Government. I do not deter­mine these que8.tions -m·bitrai~ily. We are face to face with n situation ·where the needs of · the . Government must be met. Wheri I announce the ·amount of an offering of liberty bonds, please remember that it is the miiiimum with whlch the Gov; ernment's business can be carried · on and the war effectually conducted. I shoUld feel happier if the loan were larger, but I have endeavored to make it as small as possible in order that the least possible strain may be put upon the country's resources during the crop-moving season.

"We must make this loan a success. We can make it a success. The failure of a single issue of Government bonds would be worse for America than a disaster upon the field of battle. We must never let that happen.

"A few days ago I read the following manifesto issued in Berlin by the League of German Municipalities:

" If money tulks, the President of the United States may learn by October 18, when the subscription lists close, thut the echo of the new war fund given by the German people will have drowned out com­pletely. the clamor· of unending protests to which his reply to the Pope have given stimulus.

" Let us meet that challenge by a subscription to our second liberty loan on the 27th day of Octcber; nine days after the close of the. German loan, which will make clear to the German mili­tary depotism that America marshals not alone her brave sol­dier·s upon the field, her invincible Navy upon the high seas, her industries throughout the length and breadth of this lapd, but as well her financial re om·ces, and that she is determined to use them all without stint and regarcUess of sacrifice to vin­dicate American rights, outraged too frequently by German in­famies. Let us answer this challenge by making clear to the world that the American p'eople, with transcendent love of jus­tice and of country, stand solidly behind their great President and support unequivocally the purposes of this war.

"Fellow. countrymen, we are at one of those great points in the progress of civilization where pregnant issues for the whole human race are to be Q.etermined. It is an inspiring thought that noble, free, peaceful, and liberty-loving America has been called by God to powerfully influence, if not to determine, the com· e of .future events. We have a grave responsibility, and I know that we shall di charge it worthily of American patriotism and American idealism. These problems are of unparalleled novelty and magnitude. The means of determining action must frequently be more instinctive than logical. We are traversing unknown and uncharted seas. Our compass must be the stead­fast cooperation of the best wisdom and intelligence of the coun­try, inspired by a lofty patriotism which neither obstacles can discourage nor death defeat. America's sacred rights must be vindicated; a just and lasting peace must be established; democ­racy must be triumphant; despotism must be destroyed; and, when these great things have been accomplished, everywhere throughout the length and breadth ·of the civilized world men shall proclaim noble America as the valiant knight who came upon the scene in the blackness of the night and re cued civili­zation!"

FARM-LOA.N BOARD.

Mr. POMERENE, from the Committee on Banking and Cur­rency, to which was referred the bill (S. 2921) to amend the act approved ' July 17, 1916, entitled "An act to provide capital for agricultural tlevelopment, to create standard forms of in­vestment based upon. farm mortgages, to equalize rates of inter­est upon farm loans, to furnish a market for United States bonds, to create Government depositories and financial agents for the United Stntes1 and for other P\lrposes," reported it without amendment_.

PROTECTION OF l\IILITA.BY A.ND NAVAL FORCES •

Mr. WEEKS. From the Committee on 1\:Iilitary Affai.rs. I re­port a bill and ask for its immediate consideration. ·

The bill (S. 2932) to guard the military and naval forces from physical an<l moral injuries of commercialized prostitution was

1917. CONGRESSION~4_L RECORD-__ SENATE~ - 7497;

read the first time by its title -::ma the second time at length, as follows:

Be it enacted, etc., That it shall be unlawful to keep or assist in keeping a place of prostitution to which any person known to be a member of the military or na>al forces of the United States is admitted or to admit any such member to such place. or to knowingly rent or in any manner allow the use of any place for acts of prostltu_tion w~th any member of such military or naval forces. No person shall solicit or seek to induce any person known to be a member of ·such military or naval _forces to enter any place ·or prostitution or -to consort or cohabit with any prostitute. Knowledge that . a person ts a member of the milltary or naval fo-rces · of the United States may be prima f_acie estab­lished by proof showing that the accused had knowledge that at ·the time or recently before the commission · of the ofl'ense the person alleged to be a member of such military or naval forces was wearing the uniform or a part of the uniform of such milltar~ or naval forces. Whoever shall violate any of the provisions of this section shall' be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished by a- fine of not more· than -$1,000 or imprisonment not more than one year, or · by both su~h. fine and imprisonment. . . . . _ ·

SEc. 2. That it shall be unlawful for any person who bas be~n convtcted of disorderly conduct, delinquency, · soliciting for prostitutfoli;- or any other sexual offense, without having first obtained permission from the proper military authorities, to loiter in or around a military camp, fort, navy yard, or place of training or mobilization. Any such person present in or around such camp, fort, navy :vard, or place of training or mobilization, without authorization or military permission, may be ordered to depart by the civil or mllltat·y authorities having jurisdiction therein. Any person failing to depart when so requested· shall be guilty of disorderly conduct and shall be punished by a fine of not more than $100 or imprisonment of not more than 60 days, or by both such fine and imprisonment.

The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the present consideration of the bill? . .

There being no objection, the bill was considered as in Com-mittee of the Whole. ·

The bill was reported to the Senate without _amendment, Qr­dered to be engrossed for a thit·d rending, read the third time, and passed.

OYER G. PAQUET.

Mr. WADSWORTH. From the Committee on Military Affairs I report back favorably without amendment the bill (S. 2719) to perm1t the reenlistment of Orner G. Paquet in the United States Army, and I submit a report (No. 138) thereon. I ask for the present consideration of the bill.

There being no objection, the bill was considered as in Com­mittee of the Whole, and was rea(}, as follows:

Be it enacted etc., That the President be, and he is hereby, author­ized to permit the reenlistment in the United States Army, at the grade held by him at the time of his dishonorable discharge from the service, of Orner Germain Paquet, formerly a quartermaster sergeant ; and the said Orner Germain Paquet shall, for the purposes of computing continu­ous service, for ascertaining the rnte at which he shall be paid, and (or retirement, be considered to have served continuously from the date of his last e_nfistment.

The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or­dered to be engrossed for a third reading, ·read the third time, and passed.

ARMY CHAPLAINS.

Mr. FLETCHER. From the Committee on Military Affairs I report back favorably without amendment the bill (S. 2917) to amend section 15 of the act approved June 3, 1916, entitled "An act for making further and more effectual provision for the

- national defense, and for other purposes," as -amended by the act approved 1\lay 12, 1917, entitled "An act making appropria­tions for the support of the Army for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1918, and for other purposes." I ask unanimous con­sent for the present consideration of the bill.

There being no objection, the bill was considered as in Com­mittee of the Whole, and was read, as folJows:

Be it enacted, etc., That section 15 of the act approved June 3, 1916, entitled "An act for making further. and more e.trectual provision for the national defense, and for other purposes," as amended by the act approved May 12, 1917, entitled "An act making appropriations for the support of the Army for · the fiscal year ending June 30, 1-918, and for other purposes," be, and the same is hereby, amended to read as follows: . . -

"SEc. 15. Chaplains: The President is authorized to appoint, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, chaplains in the Army at the rate of not to exceed, including chaplains now in the service, one for each 1,200 officers and men in all branches of the 1\Iilltary Establishment, with rank, pay, and allowances as now authorized by law: Provided, That there shall be assigned at least one chaplain for . each regiment of Cavalry, Infantry, IJ'ield Artillery, and ,_E!lgineers."

The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or­dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed.

CIRCULATING NOTES BY NATIONAL BANKS.

1\lr. SHAFROTH. From tha Committee oil Banking and Currency I report back favorably without amendment the bill (S. 2922) to amend the laws relating to the denominations of circulating notes by. national banks and to permit the issuance of notes of small denominations, and for other purpose. , and I a k unanimous consent for its present consideration.

The_ VICE PRESIDE~T. Is !=b~re. obje~tio~ to .the_ pre~~nt . considera~lon .of the _bill '2 , . . _ .

There being no obje~tion, the Senate, .as in Committee of the· _ Whole, proceeded to the consideration of the bill, which was read as follo1ls: · -- · ·

Be it e11acted, etc., " That the act of June 3, 1864, Revised Statutes, section 5175, which prohlbtts national banks ft'Om being furnished with notes of less denomination than $5, be,· and it is hereby, repealed.- ·

SEC. 2. That that .part of the act of-March 14, 1900, which -provides " tbat no . nationaL banking association- shall, after the passage of this act, be entitled to receive from the-comptroller of the Currenc·y, or to issue or reissue, or place in circulation m·ore than one-third in amount of ·its circulating notes of the denomination of $5," b~ and it is hereby, repealed. .

SEC. 3. That from and after the passage of this act any national' ' banking assoclation, upon compliance :with the provisions of law ap· plicable thereto, shall be entitle(] to receive from the Comptroller of the Currency, or to issue or reissue, or place in circulation notes in denomi· nations of $1, $2, $5, $10, $20, $50, and $100 in such proportion as to each of said denominations as the bank may ele'Ct : 1 Pt·ovW.ed, ho1oever, That no bank shall receive or have in circulation at any one time more than $25,000. in notes of the denominations of _$1 and $2. .

SEC. 4. That all acts or parts of acts which are inconsistent with this· act are hereby repealed. ·

The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered to be engrossed for a thil;d reading, I;ead the third time, and passed. . ·

BILLS INTRODUCED.

Bills were introduced, read the first time, an<l, by unanimous consent, the second time, and referred as follows :

By 1\Ir. CUMl\fiNS : . A bill (S. 2933) for the relief of the Philippine Scouts; to the

Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. WEEKS: A bill ( S. 2934) granting an increase of pension to l\Iary A.

Herman ; to the Committee on Pensions. By Mr. SUTHERLAND: A bill (S. 2935) granting an increase of pension -to Nathan

C. Kelly; to the Committee on Pensions. By l\Ir. SHIELDS : A bill (S. 2936) granting an increase of pension to 'Vade H.

Pyle; to the Committee on Pensions. :MANUFACTURE OF EXPLOSIVES.

1\lr. PITTMAl~. I offer a concurrent resolution and ask fo1• its p-resent consideration. It is to correct a typographical error in a bill that has already passed both Houses. .

There being no objection, the concurrent resolution (S. Con. Res. 13) was read, considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to, as follows : ·

Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives conctwring), That in the enrollment of the bill (H. R. 3932) to prohibit the manu­facture, distribution, storage,· use, and possession in time of· war of explosives, providing regulations for the safe manufacture, distribution, storage, use, and possession of the same, and for other purposes, tho Clerk of the House o·f Representatives be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed to insert, ·after the word "explosives," in the · first pro­viso of section 5 of the bill as agreed to in conference, the words " are not subject to the provisions of this act."

BRITISH L..wmi's wAn MESSAGE.

1\lr. FLETOHER. I submit a resolution and ask for its pres­ent consideration.

The resolution ( S. Res. 139) was read, as follows : Resolved, That 5,000 additional copies of Senate Document No. 84,

Sixty-fifth Congress, first session, British labor's war message to Amer­can labor, be printed for the use of the Sel)ate document room.

1\fr. SMOOT. 1\Ir. President, what is · that document'2 Mr. FLETCHER . . It is a document entitled " British labor's.

war message to American labor: Addresses and discussion at a meeting of the committee on labor of the Council of National Defense, held in Washington on May 15, 1917." It has been printed as a document, but 5.000 additional ·copies are desired,­and I think the request is a very reasonable one. It is a matter of very g1~eat interest, and the document possesses peculiar edu· cational value. I believe it would be advantageous to allow the printing of this number of copies for distribution.

1\fr. SMOOT. Is th·is a report from the Committee on Print- · ing? _

Mr. FLETCHER. No; it is my own resolution. I have not had time to consult the- committee.. The document has just been completed and printed. It has just been issued, and th_ls request comes from people who are very much interested in the subject, particularly from the vice president of the Brother .. hood of Locomotive Firemen and Engineers. They would like to distribute it to their lodges, and they have about that num· ber of lodges. .The membership, of course, is a very great deal , more ... This is a very important document, containing the ad· dresses by the members of the committee that came over here, and I think it is very well worth while to print this additional number ~f copies so as to allow that distributio_n.

7498 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE .. SEPTE~IBER 2~1.

Mr~ SMOOT. Very well. The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection? The Chair

hears none, and the resolution is agreed to. I

ADDRESS BY OTTO H. KAH N .

l\!r. POINDEXTER. 1\Ir. President, I present and ask to' have printed ln the RECORD a brief address by Mr. Otto H. Kahn, of New York, relative to citizens of the United States of German origin or descent. _ , .

Mr. Kahn is a German himself, natm·alized in the Unit~d States, and consequently in a position to speak freely on that subject, and hls .addre s is exceedingly useful and sensible. It_ seems as though it ought not to be necessary to publish propa­ganda setting out the duty of citizens of the United States to give their allegiance to the country in which they live and in· which they are naturalized; but on account of the attitude of a few of this class of our citizens wlio seem to imagine that they can live in the United States and dl·aw their sustenance froiD it and at the same time give their allegiance to a power with' which the United States is at war, a great injury has been done to the loyal German-American citizens of the co~ntry.

This address by one of their number, which is an intelligent analysis of the changes which have come over the spirit of Ger­many in recent years, so different from the old Germany with which we were all familiar, and the opportunities which have been given to the subjects of that country in this great land, I think ought to be given publicity.

In that connection I also ask leave to have printed in the RECoRD a brief letter from the Pro-AmeriCan Society, a society composed largely of German-American citizens organized for the purpose--which ought not to be necessary, but is-of incul­cating patriotism among the citizens of the United States of German blood.

The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there any objection? There being no objection, the matter referred to wa ordered

to be printed in the REOORD, as follows: · [From the Washington Evening Star, Sept. 26, 1917.]

SAYS THE GERMANS HAVE BEE~ MISLED-OTTO H. KAHN TALKS OF THlD PROFOUND CU, .NING EMPLOYED BY GoVKRNING CLASS-PLEA TO FOLLOW PATRIOTS.

HARRIS'BURG, PA., Septelnber 26. Speaking to-day before the Harrisburg Chamber of Commerce, Otto H.

Kahn, o! the banking house of Kuhn, Loeb & Co., said, in part, in dis­cussing_ the proper attitude of German-AmerJcans toward their adopted country:

"I speak as one -who bas seen the spirit of the Prussian governing class at work from close by, having at its disposal and using to the full practically every agency for molding the public mind.

"I have watc.hed it proceed with relentless persistency and profound cunning to instlll into the Nation the demonlacal obsession of power worship and world dominion, to modify and pervert the mentality, indeed, the very tiber and moral substance, of the German people-a.. people which, until mi led. corrupted, and systematically poisoned by the Prussian rnllng caste, was, and deserved to be, an honored, valued, and welcome member of the family of nations. . •

"I have hated and loathed that spirit ever since it came within my ken many years ago ; bated it all the more as I saw it ruthlessly pulling down a thing which was dear to me, the old Germany to which I was linked by ties of blood, by fond memories and cherished sentiments.

" The difference in the degree of guilt as between the German people and their Prusslan or Prusslanized ruler;s and leaders for the monstrous crime of this war and th(' atrocious barbarism of its conduct is the difference betweE>n the man who, acting under the influence of a poison­ous drug, runs amuck in mad frenzy and the unspeakable malefactor who administered that drug, well knowing and fully intending the ghastly conseguences which were bound to follow.

WORLD LO~GS FOR PEACE.

" The world fervently longs for peace. But there can be no peace answering to the true meaning of the word, no peace permitting the nations of the earth, great and small, to walk unarmed and unafraid, until the teaching and the leadership of the apostles of an outlaw cre€d shall have become discredited and hateful in the sight of the Ger­man people; until that people shall have awakened to a consciousness ot the unfathomable guilt of those whom they have followed into calap1ity and shame; until a mood of penitence and of a decent respect for the opinions of mankind shall have supplanted the sway of what President Wilson bas so trenchantly termed 'truculence and treachery.' ·

" God grant that the Ge-rman people may before long work out their own salvation and find the only road which will give to the world an early peace and lead Germany back into the family of nations, from whir.h .-it .is now an outcast. . . . .

" From each of my visits to Germany for 25 years I came away more. appalled by the sinister transmutation Prussianism bad wrought among the people and by the portentous menace I recognized in it "for the entire world. ,

"It bacl given to Germany unparalleled prosperity, beneficent and. advanced social legislation, and not a few other things of value, but it had taken in payment the soul of the race. It had made a ' devil'lf bargain.'

BRUTAL MIGHT VERSUS Ht;MANITY, "And when this war broke out In Europe I knew that the issue bad

been joined between the powers of brutal mJght and insensate ambition on the one side ami · the forces of humanity and liberty on the other­

' betw-een darkness and light. "Many there were at that time-and among them men for whose­

character I had high respect and whose motives were beyond any po~ siWe suspicion-who saw their own and America's duty in strict neu~ tralitY, mentally and actually, but personally I believed from the be· ginning of the war, whether we liked all the element of the allies

combination or not-and I certainly did not like the Russ i of tht1 Cza1;s-that the cause of the allies wa s America's cause. .

" I believed that this was DO ordinary war between peoples for a question of national interest or even national honor, but a conflict be·. tween fundamental principles . and ideas ; and, so believing, I was bound to feel that the natural lines of race., blood, nnd kinship could not be the determining lines for one's attituue and alignment, but that each man, whatever his origin, had to decide according to his judgment and conscience on which side was the right and on which was the wrong, a nd take his stand accordingly, whatever the wrench and an· guish of the decision. And th:as I took my stand three years ago.

ONLY ONJI COURSJI LEFT. " But whatever one's views and feelings, whatever the country of

one's birth or kin, only one course was left for ail those claim1ng the privilege of American citizenship when by action of the President and Congress the cause and the fight of the allies was formally made our cause and our fight.

"The duty Qf loyal allegiance and faithful service to his country, even unto death, re ts of course,. upon eYery American.

" But if it be possible to speak of a comparative degree concerning 1\'hat is the highest, as it is thu most elementary, attribute of citizen· sb1, that duty may· almost be said- to rest with an ev~n more solemn ~~ti;:~r~~~ligation upon Americans o:r foreign origin than upon

"For we Americans of foreign ant~cedents are h~re not by the acci­dental right · ot birth, but by our own free choice, for b~tter or for worse.

"We are your fellow citizens because you accepted our oath of aile· glance as given in good faith, and because you have opened to us 1n generous trust the portals of American opportunlty and freedom and have admitted us to membership in the family of Americans, giving U!l equal rights in the great inheritance which has been created by the blood and the toil of your ancestors, asking nothing from us in r eturn but decent citizenship and adherence to those ideals and principles which are symbolized by the glorious flag of America. ·

WO» TO THil BETRAYER. "Woe to the foreign-born American who betrays the splendid trust

which you have repo ed in him ! " Woe to him who considers hls American citizenship merely a a

convenient garment to be worn in fair weather, but to be exchanged for another one in time of storm and sh·ess !

" Woe to the German-American, so called, who in this sacred war for a cause as high as any for which ever people took up arms does not feel a solemn urge, does not show an eager determination to be in the very for~front of the struggle, does not rrove a patriotic jealousy, in thouabt, in action, and in speech, to riva and to outdo his native· born fellow citizen in devotion and in willing sacrifice for the eountr.r of his choice and adoption and sworn all('giance and of their common affection and pride. .

MAKES FlmVI!INT PLEA,

"As Washington led Americans of British blood to tight against Great Britain, as Lincoln called upon Americans ot the North to fight their very brothers of -the South, so Americans of German descent are now summoned to join in our country's l'lghteous struggle again t a, people of their own blood, which, under the evil spell of a dreadful obsession, and, Heaven knows, through no fault of ours, has made itsell the enemy of this peace-loving Nation, as it is the enemy of peace and right and 'freedom throughout the world.

"To gain America's independence, to defeat oppression and tyranny~ was indeed to gain a great cause.

"To preserve the Union, to eradicate slavery was perhaps a greater stlll.

" To defend the very foundations of liberty and humanity the very ground work of fair dealing· between nations, the very basis of peaceable living together among the peoples of the earth against tlre- trerce and brutal onslaught of ruthless, lawless, faithles might; to spend the lives and the fortunes of this ~eneratlon so that our descendants may be freed from the dreadful ca.tamity of ·war and the fear of war, so tbat the energies and milliong and billions of treasure now devoted to plans and instruments of destruction may be given henceforth to fruitful works of peace and progres an<l to the befterment of the conditions ot . the people-that is the higbe t cause for which any people ever un­sheathed its sword.

CONDliaiNS MAN WHO SHIRKS.

" Ile who shirks the full measure of his duty and allegiance in that noblest of causes, be be German-American, Irish-American, or any other hyphenated .American, be be I. W. W. or socialist or whatever the appellation, does not deserve to stand among Americans, or, indeed, among free men anywhere.

" He who, secretly or overtly, tries to thwart the declared will and aim of the Nation in this holy war is a traitor, and a traitor's fate should be Ws."

PRO-AMERICA~ SOCIETY, NeuJ York Oity, N. Y._, September .. o, 101'1.

lion. MILES POINDEXTER Tlte Capitol, Wash ington, D. 0.

MY DEAR SIR: Mr. Geot·ge Henry Payne has poken so often to mem· bers of this society about you that I am taking the liberty of writing to tell you that this ociety has been formed for the purpose of working against the Ge1·man-printed papers ns long as they do not print in. English during the war. We are all of German descent, and we believe that a burden is especially placed on us by saying, though we have. Teutonic blood we are " first and always Americans."

I will be very grateful to you for an expression of opinion as to ~s society and the work it "is trying to do.

I write this letter with Mr. Payne's consent. Respectfully, yours,

HARRY A. SCHElND11lL_, Secretary,

THE :FLAG OF THE UNITED STATES.

Mr. SMITH of Arizona. I ask unanimous consent for the present consideration of House of Representatives concurrent resolution No. 13. I wish before submitting the request to state to the Senate that for two or three months, on account of the extreme press of business upon members of the Committee ' en Printing, I ·have been unable -to obtain a quorum ~ the com-

1917. CONGRESSIONAL R.EOOR.D--. SENArrE. 7499.

·mittee at any time, although the meetings have been called weekly "for several months. I have bad letters and private state­ments from Members of the House of Representatives in which they expre s them ·elves as being exceedingly anxious to have this speech printed as a public document. I ask unanimous con­sent, in view of its being a House resolution and Members of the Hou e being deeply intere ted, that the Committee on Printing · be discharged from . the consideration of the resolution, as I judge I should do from the large correspondence I have about it, and I shall make a request for its immediate consideration at this time.

' l\lr. FLETCHER. Will the Senator state what the· resolution i about?

l\fr. SMITH of Arizona. It is about printing a speech on the flag. The resolution passed the House unanimously.

l\lr. FLETCHER. The speech of 1\Ir. HicKs? Mr. SMITH of Arizona. The speech of Mr. HICKS. l\Jr. FLETCHER. Does the Senator know \Vbat the co 't will

be? Mr. SMITH of Arizona. The cost was the reason of the

objection. We had a quorum at one time and passed it over. 1\Iy understanding was that I was to · see whether or not there wa any great demand for it on the part of the House of Repre­sentatives. I have ·been in the last week spoken to more than a dozen times on the subject. It will cost something over $5,000 to print it. I will state in this connection that the Committee on Printing have ref-used to report favorably for the printing of over a million dollars' worth in response· to requests that have been made for printing at this session, and we have peld our­selves as closely to the line as the economies of the present occa ion would suggest. . .

The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the request of the Senator from Arizona? ·

1\Ir. PAGE. Mr. President, I do not care to object to the con­sideration of the resolution at this time, but I do deem it my duty to say to the Senate that it calls for more than $5,000, as the Senator from Arizona· bas said, and tbe committee, when we had a quorum together, thought that we ought not to favorably report the measure. As has beei;t well said by the chairman; the Committee on Printing has been almost overwhelmed with requests for the printing of public documents, and we have felt, in view of the immense appropriations we were making, that we ought to stop and con<sider any proposal to pay $5,000 or more to print somebody's speech. ·

I received a letter from the author of the speech this morning asking me to favor the printing of it as a public document. I wrote him that we bad felt we ought not to approve, and I had felt myself that I ought not to approve, any measure calling for the expenditure of this amount of money without a hearing, witho.ut consideration, and without a quorum being present, es­pecially in view of the fact that at one time 've had a quorum present and after some considerable consideration we declined to report the resolution favorably.

1\Ir. SMITH of Arizona. If the Senator from Vermont wilr permit me, as the Senator knows, and I take very great pleasure · in informing the Senate, there have alwajs be,en two members present at the meetings of the Committee on Printing, one of them the honorable Senator from Vermont, who has just spoken, and the other the chairman of the committee. The purpose. of this resolution is, I understand, largely educational. I spoke of the letters I get on the subject. I received probably 50 this morning and yesterday from different 1\Iembers of the House. I have not attempted to take the least snap judgment, because I am explaining to the Senate the exact conditions that lead me to make this request of the Senate. I understand from all these letters it is for the purpo e of distribution largely among the school children in the congressional gish·i_cts of the speech at this time when the patriotiSD;l of our country needs all the encouragement it can possibly have. It is not the mere speech of 1\Ir. HroKs; it is a history of the development of the present flag, and it will make an extremely interesting document. It is not for the· purpose of printing as a public document a mere · statement of a Member of either House, but on. account of the ' collective information which it gives it would be very well for the school children of the country to have it, and it should be · placed in the libraries for distribution. , ·

1\fr. OVERMAN. Why does it cost so much? 1\fr. Sl\IITH of Arizona. Because it is an illustrated pam­

phlet. :Mr. OVERMAN. With pictures? 1\Ir. SMITH of Arizona. With a picture of the flag, developing

the history of the flag. The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Chair understand that

the committee was opposed to printing this document? Mr. SMITH of Arizona. The committee took no vote on it.

The VICE PRESIDENT. What is the motion of the Senator from Arizona?

l\fr. SMITH of Arizona. The Senator from Arizona asks th:1 t the Committee on Printing .be discharged from the further co· 1 •

sideration of the resolution, and he asks unanimous con~ent fv~ its pre ent consideration at this time.

l\fr. FLETCHER. . Mr. President--l\fr. PAGE. I believe I have the floor, but I am perfectly

willing to yield to the Senator from Florida. Mr. FLETCHER. I will state, in connection with what the

Senator from Arizona has said that the matter was laid before the committee, and the committee postponed action until the chairman could investigate as to the necessity and also as to the cost of printing the document. After that the matter went along from time to time and the committee had difficulty in getting a quorum. The only motion which I think is in order will be to discharge the committee from the further consideration of the resolution. The resolution is before the committee. I have no objection to discharging the committee from its further con­sideration.

1\lr. PAGE. 1\lr. President, I certainly shall not object to the motion of the Senator from Arizona but I feel that the Senate should know that this matter has been before the committee \jme after time, and in every case, whether we had a quorum or not, we have passed it over, not because it might not be a worthy resolution but because, in these times, the Committee on Printing do not feel that we ought to appropriate $5,000 unless there is necessity for it, and the committee have on each occasion thought it unwise to report favorably the resolution. With that state­ment, I simply have advised the Senate as to the condition of affairs, as I understand them; and there I am willing to leave the matter.

1\Ir. CALDER. 1\Ir. President, I hope the motion of the Sena­tor from Arizona will prevail. ~'he document which the Senator is seeking to have printed contains a history of the American flag and is very educational; it was read in the House. of Repre­sentatives by Representative HrcKs, of New York. I am receiv­ing letters from all over ·the country asking for a copy of the document, and I believe at this time its printing would serve n very good purpose.

The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is on the motion to discharge the Oommittee on Printing from the further considera­tion of the concurrent resolution.

1\ir. SMOOT. 1\Ir. President, I desire to ask the Senator from Arizona whether or not the committee has made a final decision that this document shall not be printed?

Mr. SMITH of Arizona. No, sir; there never has been any such decision by the committee. I stated to the Senate before the Senat01; from Utah entered the Chamber that at one meeting when there wa · a quorum pre ent the resolution had been called up but was pas eel o~er, with the ·understanding that I should see the Members who were in favor of the proposition in the other Hou e, and make an effort, if possible, to avoid the printing of the document, for the Senate committee did not feel, on the mere prese?tation of the matter, that we ought to spend that ­much money for that purpose. Since that time, as I have already explained to the Senate, · I have received communications from different l\1embet·s of the other House, and I have had a personal interview with more 1\I('mbers in regard to this particular matter than in regard to any matter that has been before the committee in my experience.

Therefore, as I have also explained, because of the absence of Senators who composed the committee, occasioned by their duties on other important committees, I have never been . able to secure the attendance upon the committee of any Senator, except the Senator who has jusf addressed the Senate and my­self, from the time I last saw the Senator from Utah [Mr. SMOOT] there.. It apparently being impossible to secure a meeting of a quorum of the committee, I have taken this occasion to move that the committee be discharged from the further consideration of the resolution, and to ask unanimous consent that it -be put on its passage.

l\fr. SMOOT. I hope the Senator from Arizona will not do that, for I know of no committee of the Senate, when ordinary conditions are existing, the members of which attend the meet­_ings more as iduously than do the members of the Committee on Printing.

1\Ir. SMITH of Arizona. That is true. . 1\Ir.t SMOOT. I am quite sure· the Senator will concur· in my

statement that it has been·physically impossible for me to attend the meetings of the committee.

l\lr. SMITH of Arizona. I have already attempted to explain to tl1e Seriate that it has been impossible for members of the committee to be present • .

7500 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. SEPTEl\fBER 29'

Mr. SMOOT. Mr. President, I have been in attendance on the meetings of a committee where we have been compelled to be present fi·om early morning till late at night; but tho e meet­ings will be over in a day ·or two, and, so fur us I am concerned, I shall then be delighted to attend the meetings of the Committee on Printing. ,

Mr. SMITH of Arizona. In view of the suggestion of the Senator from Utah, I will withdraw my motion, with the notice that I shall call a meEting of the Committee on Printing for next" Wedne day morning, if that will be satisfactory; .and I a k that the members of the committee be pre ent, so that we may di pose not only of this matter but of another matter of much more importance.

THE NAVAL ESTABLISHMENT.

Mr. POINDEXTER. Mr. President, in regard t-o the message from the President which was laid before the Senate a moment ago, consisting of e8timate for appropriations for the Navy, I observed that the Chair referred the message to the Committee on Appropriations. I do not see the chairman of the Committee on Naval .Affairs -pi·esent, but I want to take this opportunity to call attention to the situution in regard ·to military and naval appropriations.

l\fy opinion i that matter~ involving original undertakings by the Navy Department ought to have the inve tigation of the spe­cial committee of the Senate which has been constituted for that purpose. I was pre ent the other day when some 600,000,000 or thereabout was appropriated for naval purposes, and I lts­tened to the debate. Items of thirty, forty, seventy-five or two hundred and twenty-five million dollars were contained in the bill. Que tions were asked of the chairman of the Committee on Appropriations as to the need for such vast amounts, and the only information which the Senate received from the distin­guished Senator in charge of the blll in regard to any of those appropriations, to the best of my knowledge, was that they had been asked for by the department.

There is nobody more desirous of affording to the Navy Department all of the money· that is 'necessary for the very full­e t development of that arm of the national defense than am I; but I am not in favor of abdicating the legislative functions of this branch of the Government, and considering as the ultimate analysis of these problems a report or a request :\J·om the depai·t-. ment that they want these vast sums. There ought to be some investigation by Congre s · as to what these appropriations are for, whether they are needed, and whetller or not. in a legisla­tive sense, such appropriations are wise and justified. The p1·oper committee to investigate such .matter , to obtain informa­tion which may be presented concerning them, to report to the Senate, and to advise the Senate in regard to them is the Naval Committee. I say .that especially because of the attitude dis­clo ed the other day in the consideration of the vast aJ>propria­tious referred to, no information was furnished nor even any opinion expressed as to the need or propriety of them. I re­member in connection with one item the chah·man of the committee, in an wer to an inquiry as to what the appropriation was for, seemed to think that he absolutely foreclosed any fur­ther inquiry in regard to tbe matter by saying with a great deal of empha is that not only had the Secretary asked for these appropriations, but he held up a letter and stated that the Secretary had asked for the legislation to be in the identi­cal words carried by the bill. I want Congress to go a little further than that and to know a little more about the e matters. I wish to prote t against this .system of dealing with naval mat· ters and insist upon investigation by the Committee on Naval .Affairs.

Mr. SWANSON. Mr. President, in response to the suggestion made by the Senator from Wa hington, I will say that defi­ciency bills originate in the Hou e of Representatives. The que ·tion came up recently as to whether there should be four or five different bills to supply deficiencies, or whether there should be one bill handled by the Appropriations Committee. Under the rules of the Hou e, as I understand, after the regular appropriations have been made, all deficiency appropriations are referred to the Appropriations Committee. It would have been utterly impos ible to have one portion of the ·great defi­ciency bill recently passed referred to ·the Naval Committee, another portion of the arne bill to the Committee on Appro­priations, and other portions to other committees.

I am fi·ank to say that the senior Senator from Virginia [Mr. 1.\.IARTIN], the chairman of the Appropriations Committee, had no desire-and I talked the matter over with him-to in­fringe in any way on the prerogatives of the Committee -on Naval Affairs in respect to naval appropriations. However, the

House had decided that after the pas age of the regular military and .naval appropriation bills, which were enaeted before the declaration of war came, deficiency items for the military and naval service should be referred to the Committee on Appropria­tions as deficiencies under t11e rules of the Hou e. Pos ibly one-fonrth or one-fifth of the items in the bill were new matters, which, strictly speaking, perhaps were not deficiencies, but on the w,hole it wa determined better for one committee to handle the entire measure than to have four or five committees do that work and to have it divided up so that it -would be impos­sible to coordinate the appropriations.

As I have said, all -such bills in the other Hou e are con id­ered by the Committee on Appropriations as deficiencie . I listened to the hearings and read the testilnony before the committee, .and it seems to me that both the Committee on Appropriations of the Hou e and the committee of the Senate investigated these matter . They had before them the chiefs of various bureaus and naval authorities to explain the reason for the proposed legislation.

· J repeat. it· would have been utterly impossible to have taken the portions of the bill ·that were _new-and nine-tenths of the items were deficiencies under items contained in our regular appropriation bills which were pa · ed before the declaratiou of war-and have had them considered by various committees. When we meet here at the regular se sion of Congre s and these matters come up, I am satisfied appropriations for the Army and Navy will be handled by the Military and Naval Committees of the House and Senate, respectively. ·

Mr. POINDEXTER. -1\lr. President, the argument of the Senator from Virginia justifying the surrenderin~ by the Com­mittee on Military .Affairs and the Committee on Naval Affairs of their -duties in regard to these appropriatior.s is just as ap­plicable to the ordinary regular general military and naval ap­propriation bills as it is to the deficiency bill which has been passed. There is not any difference whatever in the nature of the investigations to be made. The bills which the Senator calls urgent deficiency appropriation bills carry much larger amounts. several times over, than the ordinary general appro­priation bills. The attitude which the Sen11tor apparently takes in regard to the matter is the same attitude that I attempted to describe of his colleague from Virginia, the distinguished chairman of the Appropriations Committee-a or-t of a pa ive frame of mind, to take things as they are presented. Because the HousE> of Representatives decided to incorporate all of these appropriations in .one bill, he says the Senate ought to do it. Of course the Senate can do it, but there is no substantial reason any more than there is as to every other uppropnation blll that is considered here ·why the deficiencies in these bills relating to naval matters and the deficiencies that relate to military mat­ters could not be referred, respectively, to the committees con­stituted for the disposition of those particular ubjects.

Mr. SW .ANSON. Mr. President, if the Senator will permit me, under the rules of tl1e House, and possibly of the Senate, after a genet:al appropriation bill has passed, deficiencie~ occurring are generally included in what is known as a general deficiency bill. Under the rules of the Hou e all items included in a general deficiency bill go to the Appropriations Committee. When such a bill is passed by the Hou e it comes to the Senate, and the question is, WhetJ:Ier that bill shall be referred to the Naval Com­mittee, the Military Committee, or the Appropriations Commit­tee? If the naval items and the military items tad been sepa­l·ated from the other matters in the bill, then the naval items could have been referred to the Naval Committee; but, as I have said, under the rules of the House, and as decided, as I under­stand, after the declaration Qf war, deficiencies that supplement the general appropriation bill must be included in a general deficiency bill. Consequently, the Naval Committee of the House let them go to the Appropriations Committee of that body, and thel'e was no other. way to handle them in the Senate.

I will say for the senior Senator from Virginia, the chairman of the Appropriations Committee, that he bas shown no disposi­tion to encroach on the prerogatives of the Naval Committee, and has evinced- no desire to do so. I discus ed the matter with him early. I think he would have been very glad to have been relieved from some of the onerous work which he has been called upon to perform in connection with the bill in question.

Mr. POINDEXTER. l have no doubt of that; I am not charg­ing the senior Senator from Virginia with attempting to extend unduly the prerogatives of the Appropriations Committee; I am talking about a condition, and I am not commenting upon what was done in the House of Repre entatives. I do not know anything about that and have nothing to do with that; but as a member of the Committee on Naval .Affairs and of the Senate, I have some­thing to do with the performance of my duties her.e. The Senate

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1917. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 7501 does not have to be centrolled by · what was done in the other House, and there is no parliamentary or practical difficulty in having these matters considered by the proper committees which are suppose<! to be-whether they are or not-especially quali­fied for dealing with the respective matters with which they are accustomed to deal. ·

Mr. SWANSON. If the Senator will permit me, general ap­propriation bills uniformly originate in the other House.

Mr. POINDEXTER. Wellt l\1r. President, if the Senator will pardon m~

Mr. SWANSON. I have never known a general deficiency bill contaiping naval and militru.-y' items, or otherwise, that did not originate in the House of Representatives. When such bills come here they must be 'disposed of. Now; does -the Senator think that a general deficiency bill including items for . all branches of the Government service and covering the Army to a greater extent than it does the Navy should have been .referred to the Coll1mittee on Naval Affairs? .

Mr. POINDEXTER. 1\fr. President, the Senator has aslred ~e that questi<..n for what purpose I do not know, because I have just said that the matters relating to- the War Department ought to be referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

1\Ir. SWANSON. Then the Senator--Mr. POINDEXTER. I know just as well as the Senator

does, if he will pardon me; that general appropriation bills originate in the House of Representatives. It is not necessary for the ~~nator from Virginia to say that.

1\:fr. S \V ANSON. I will say to the Senator.........._ M:r. ~OINDEXTER. Just a moment and then I will yield

to the Senator. I want to answer wllat · he has already said. I am familiar with the practice of referring to the Appropriations Committee military and naval matters that come up in the usual deficiency appropl'iation bills, but this is not that situation at all. T~ese vas-t appropriatiens. are not in any proper sense de­fideney appropriations.

Mr. SWANSON. Nine-tenths of them are deneiencies. I wiD explain to the Senator why they are.

Mr. POINDEXTER. I am as familiar with them as the Senator is. They are extraordinary . appropriations. That is what they are.

Mr. SWANSON. If the Senator will permit me, ~ake the pay of the Navy. We did not appropriate enough money for .war conditions. Take the supplies. We did not appropriate to meet the present extraordinary conditions, so the appropriations bad to be increased. Take the various items -contained in the naval bill With the exception of five or six items, which were new matters, nine-tenths of them, or more, were simply supple­menting what we had theretofm·e ·apJ1ropriated, the- amount~ not having been sufficient for the purposes.

Mr. POINDEXTER. Why, l\lr. President~-Mr. SWANSON. If the Senator will permit me fn:rther-­Mr. POINDEXTER. In a moment I will yield further to the

Senator. Does the Senator know how much was appropriated for naval purposes in the so-called deficiency bill that passed hel'e the other day?

Mr. S\V ANSON. I do. Mr. POINDEXTER. How mneh? Mr. SWANSON. I can not tell the exact items. I went over

the items. I can not aggregate them. I know the sum was a very large one. It was more than the regular bill has been appropriating.

Mr. POINDEXTER. More than the regular bill. Now, does the Senator mean to say that the Naval Afrairs Committee were so mistaken abo11t the amount of money that would be required for the matters for which they were appropriating money that they missed it by more than 100 per cent? Why, of course not.

1\Ir. SWANSON. If the Senator will permit me, I will answer him. \Ve appropriated for a personnel of 87,000 men in the Navy. Now the personnel is up to 200,000, on account of the war that ha~ been declared since the general appropriation bill was passed. That increased it more than 100 per cent.

1\Ir. POINDEXTER. Yes; that increased it more than 100 per cent.

Mr. SWANSON. As a result the supplies required to fee.d those men had to be doubled, the pay had to be doubled, and everything that appertained to the subject. The ammunition had to be doubled and trebled and quadrupled. Consequently, if you go through the entire bill you will find that nine-tenths of it was to supply deficiencies occasioned on account of the declara­tion of war, which increa ed the amounts required.

Now, if the Senator will permit me, I should like to ask him n question. Yon can not divide up a · bill and refer it to three committees. A bill, Number so-and-so, from the House must go to one committee or another. ~ We would not have any bill to

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consider in the Naval Affairs Committee unless we took the entire measure.

Mr. POINDEXTER. Mr. President, the Senator asks how we. can proceed with this bill, and states what he seems to think is an insuperable difficulty. There is no difficulty bout that at all. It is always easy to state difficulties if you do not want to do a thing, and it is generally very easy to overcome them if you have a mind to overcome them.

There is no reason why this bill could not be referred to three committees. There are plenty ·of copies ot the bill. The bill can be referred to the Naval Mairs Committee and the Military Affairs Committee and tlle Appropiiations Committee, with in­structions .as to what pot•tions of the bill each committee shall , deal w'lth~ Time and time. again I have seen recommendations of the President of the United States submitted to the House of Representatives, recommending appropriations for different pur­poses and legislation for different purposes, and that message was referred probably to half a dozen different committees. It was teferred to the Committee on Interstate Commerce to deal with the recommendations relative to interstate commerce and to the Committee on Naval Affairs to deal with matters pertain­ing to the Navy.

Furthermoret the matter that is before the Senate now is not a bill at alL n did not originate in the House of Representa­tives. As I understand, it is a message from the President, in which he forwards eertain recommendations of the Secretary of the Navy, and it does not relate to anything else, at least so fa1• as the statement was concerned. It does not have to be referred to more thari one committee. It ought to be referred to the committee that is constituted to deal with that subject, which is th~ Committee on Naval Affairs.

Just one word in regard to the other statement, and then I am through with the subject. The junior Senator from Virginia s~id tl;lat these appropriations were nine-tenths deficiency ap­propriations. The Senator is entirely mistaken in regard to that. It would be a sad commentary upon the intelligence of Congress if we had to come in here a few weeks after having passed a general appropriation bill and find out that we had to appropriate that much money over again to make up the mistakes in the amount appropriated in the original bill. Of course, ·congress was not guilty of any such mistake. These are not deficiency appropriations. '.rhe Senator fr<>m Virginia says we appropriated for 87,000 men in the Navy. Well, that is all the men there were in the Navy at the time that-appropriation was made. Now there are 100,000 men in the Navy, and it is neces­sary to make approp."I"iations for those additional men. The bill contained one item of $225,000,000 ior additional torpedo-boat destroyers-not a deft~iency on previous- authorizations but an entirely new increase of the Nav;r. So as to $45,000,000 for new Aviation Services and most of the other items for the Naval EstabUsliment. TheY. are not deficiency appro{>"riations, but for L

new and additional developments. It is just as much .an original matter as the appropriations contained in the general bills that were disposed of at the last session of ()(}ngress.

FOOD CONTROL A:r.."D DEMOCRACY.

Mr. FLETCHER. Mr. President, I present an article appear­ing in the Atlantic Monthly of August, 1917, entitled "Food control and democracy," by Mr. David Lubin, the American delegate to the International Institute of Agriculture at Rome. which I should like to have printed as a Senate Document. I ask that it be refeiTed to tne Committee on Printing fm· report.

The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. JoNES of Washington in the chair). The matter will.be referred to the Committee. on Printing.

PRESIDENTIAL APPROVALS.

A message from the President of the United States, by Mr. Sharkey, one of his secretaries, .announced that the President had approved and signed the following acts :

On September ·25, 1917 : c

· S. 2830. An act extending the time for the construction of a. bridge across the Arkansas River between the cities of Little Rock and Argenta. Ark.

On September 27, 1917: S. 2477. An act to authorize the construction of a building

for the use of the Treasury Department. 'URG~NT DEFICIENCY APPROPRIATIONS.

The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the action of the Rouse· of Representatives disagreeing to the amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. 5949) making appropriations to supply urgent deficiencies in appropriations for the -fiscal year ending June 30, 1918, and prior fiscal years, on aecount of war .expenses, and fm· .other purposest and r-equesting a conference

7562. CONGR.ESSIONAL RECORD-· SENATE.- SEPTEMBER -29,

with the Senate _ on ' the disagreeing votes of the, two HO}ISe~ thereon. . . -.

Mr. MARTIN. I move that the Senate .insist upon its amend­ments and agree to the conference asked for by the House, the conferees ou the part of the Senate to be appointed by the Chair.

The motion was agreed to; and the Vice President appointed 1\Ir. MARTIN, Mr. SHA.FBOTH, Mr. UNDERWOOD, 1\fr. W .A.RRE:-1', and Mr. SMOO'J.' conferees on the part of the Senate.

HOUSE BILLS ltEFERBED.

The following bills were severally. read twice by their · titles and referred to the Committee on Commerce :

H. R. 5839. An act extending the time fo~· the construction of a bridge across the Mississippi River, in Aitkin <;ounty, Logan Township, State of Minnesota; and .

- H. R. 6175. An act givlng the United States Shipping _B~ard power to suspend present provisions of law and permit vessels of foreign registry and for.eign-built Yessels admitted .to Ameri­can registry_ under the _act August 18, 1914, to engage in the coastwise trade during the present war and for a period of 120 days thereafter, except the coastwise trade \Vith Alaska.

EXECUTIVE SESSION. l\lr. FLETCHER. Mr. President, I am a little apprehensive

that later on in the day there may be ' difficulty in keeping a quorum and we may be forced to adjourn before important action is taken on executive matters. 'Vith the idea of re­suming legislative business as soon as a brief executive ses­sion is had, I move that the Senate proceed to the consideration of executive business. . .

The motion· was agreed to, and the Senate proceedeu · to -the consideration of executive business. After 10 minutes spent in executive session the doo!s were reopened. -

ORDER OF BUSINESS. The VICE PRESIDENT. ·Is there further morning business?

- Mr. RANSDELL. If ther.e is no further morning business, I should li..k:e to address the Senate brietly on the use of watei·ways, a war necessity. .

Mr.- JONES of New Mexico. Mr. President--, The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Louisiana

yield to the Senator from New Mexico? . Mr. RANSDELL. With pleasure. Mr. JONES of New Mexico. - I should like to inquire of the

Senator about bow ·much time he expects to occupy? On the adjournment the other day we had under consideration a meas­ure . which it ought not to take a great while to dispose of, and I am extremely anxious to get it up for consideration to-day. ·

Mr. RANSDELL. I will say to the Senator that if I am not interrupted I can present what I have to say in about 40 minutes, not more. I shall ask to have several tables inserted in the RECORD. The tables I have here are not to be read and there will be no objection to-putting them in the REconD.

Mr. JO:~TES of New Mexico. · I wish, if it is possible--Mr. RANSDELL.' I can-not yield, I will say to the Senator.

I am perfectly willing to yi~ld when I finish the speech, but I have the tloor now' and I should like to go on. -

The VICE PRESIDENT . . The Senator from Louisiana will proceed.

THE 'C'SE OF WATERWAYS A WAn NECESSITY.

Mr. RANSDELL. Mr. President, when the rivers and harbors bill was under consideration the Senator from Iowa [l\fr. KEN­YON] occupied the time of the Senate for some days in opposi­tion thereto. His .views did not prevail, as the bill was passed by a large majority.

It is interesting to note, in passing, the steadily uecreasing effect of his opposition. In 1914 the bill was defeated, a lump­sum appropriation of $20,000,000 being substituted therefor. The same thing happened in 1915, but the lump sum was .in­creased to $25,000,000. In 1916 a bill was passed in regular form, but by . the dose vote of 35 to 32, while the bill of 1917 passed the Senate by the decisive vote of 50 to 11.

In spite of this overwhelming defeat at the hands of his col­leagues the Senator from Iowa is continuing his fight against the improvement of the waterways of the United States through the columns of the newspapers. I hold in my hand a copy of the magazine section of the New York Times of Sunday, September 2, 1917, in which there appears an article u.nder the heading "Lean days for the 'pork barrel.'" Tllis article, which is published in the form of an interview with the Senator from Iowa, contains a number of statements wllich are so totally at variance with the facts that it can not be allowed to pass without reply. ·

One of the most extraordinary and inexcusab_le misstatements in the article refers to the Santee, Wateree, and Congaree Rivers in South CaroJina, and this is made not o_nly once but twice over.

In one place he.says, _"_The first appropriation for improving thi~ system. of rivers dat~s back, it will be noted, to 1881. Since that time over $1,000,009 bas been expended on these streams, and "' this_ year o~ the war $670,044 was asked and obtained." Turning to paragraph 6 on page 5 of the official print of the fiver and harbor act approved .August 8, 1917, we find 1t reads as follows : · · - ·

Santee, Wateree, and Congaree Rivers, S. C. : For maintenance, in· eluding the Estherville-Minim Creek Canal and the Congaree River as far up as the Gervais Street Bridge, Columbia, and for Improvement of the Congaree River In accordance with the report submitted In House Document No. 702, Sixty-third Congress, second session, $80,000.

A big difference between $80,000 and $670,000. Of coqrse, Mr. President, no one would ever believe for an in·

stant that the Senator from Iowa. would knowingly and inten­tionally make a -statement that is untrue. But the Senator s~o11ld_ remember that statements which are mistakenly untrue are just _as misleading and do just as much damage as those that are intentionally untrue, and should take the time needed to make sur:e of the facts before he reaches and announces his conclusions. Unfortunately, the distinguished Senator from Iowa, with all his ability and industry, sometimes fails to follow . this course. -- However, the mistake in stating the amount of the appropria·

tion is of less importance than the fact that, at a time when the railroads are severely taxed to handle existing traffic and when it is entirely probable that increased demands will arise for freight-carrying facilities, due to the necessity of moving greater crops and of supplying the numerous cantonments, it is proposed deliberately to reduce -appropriations fo1; our waterways and that the appropriation for the Santee and Congaree happens to be one -of those specifically criticized. - The Santee and the Congaree are essentially a. single stream about 200 miles in length. Columbia, S. C., the capital and second city of the State and a manufacturing center of some consequence; is at the upper end, and the ocean port of Georgetown, S. C., is at the mouth, with intracoastal connection with Charleston. Co­lumbia is the site of Camp Jackson, an Army cantonment where approximately 40,000 men will be concentrated.

At present the use of the water route, ocean and river com­bined, results in rates 15 to 30 per cent , lower than the rail rates, evidently a considerable advantage for Columbia and its tributary country, but due to the existence of some obstructive sand bars, navigation is interfered with at' low stages of the river and as a consequence the dependability of the boat service is impaired for a short period of time each year. This is a serious detriment to the community concerned, as it naturally diminishes the use of the river. With part of the recent appro­priation of $80,000 it is proposed to alleviate these conditions and this will lend encouqtgement to the people of Columbia who are planning to improve the river service by the construction of new barges and towboats, leading in turn to a larger use of the river for the ordinary commercial purposes.

Iri addition there will for some time to come be a large in· :Crease in the quantity of freight coming to Columbia, due to the requirements of Camp Jackson, and to supply this camp the

·river route should prove of great value. Inpependent testimony as to its value is given by Gen. Leonard Wood, who, as long ago as the beginning of August, reported to the War Department that the service given by the railroads in the Southeastern (Mili­tary) Department was very slow, and recommended the use ot water routes for supplying the camps and cantonments then about to be ·established. He noticed particularly the Santee­Congaree route to Columbia and advocated its use. . - How much traffic the establishment of Camp Jackson will add to the water route is, of course, uncertain; but on every ton . carried by water the United States will save in freight between

_$1 and $2, and it is safe to assert that no very great length o:t time will be required to show a considerable profit . on the amount this year invested in the waterway. . :

In further illustration of the economic value of waterways I desire, Mr. President, to include in my remarks a brief table prepared by Capt. A. A. Poland, who is now in the Quartermas­ter's Department, United States Army, and who was for some years traffic manager of the Kansas City Missouri River Navi­gation Co. This table shows, in a most striking m~,tnner, the effect of water competition on railway rates. It is worthy o! careful study, but I will only call attention -to the comparison of fourth-class rates between Cincinnati and Ev-ansville, which ts on the Ohio River, and Gallatin, Tenn., a point in the interior. Where there is water competition the rate is 17.9 cents and \vhere there is none the rate is 52 cents.

I ask permission to insert as a part of my remarks the table which I have prepared.

The PRESIDING OFFICER (1\lr. POINDEXTER in the chair). Without objection, it is so ord~ed.

•

1.9-17..- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN ATE.

The table referred' to-is a-s fellbws : EFI!'EeT OF' WA'rER CO:MPE-TITION' 0~ RAILWA:Y RAT'Fl!r.

All-rail claas rates between r-iver points com-pared wiffl; ali-rail clasJrro:fe~ · (ron' t'fve1• points t·a tntarior. points. ·

(Compiled by Capt. A. A. Poland. Quartermaster's Department, tl'nfted' States Army, formerly traffic managec Ka'llsas Cit]<· Miss-ouri River Navigation Co.)

Rate per 100 pounds, in cents.

Dis- . . tance. Class Class Class I Cla.sS Class Class

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

From Cincinnati Ohio, to- Mile~. · ·jd· · ----Evans_vill!!J Ind. ~on Ohio River). 270 · ~ 38,7 26.3 17.9 15.8 12:6 Gnllatin, tenxh (inland) •• -....... 773- iS. 6~ 57· · 52 · 45 · 41

Difference ......... ~ ................ ~. ~ :-;;.-~~ 34. 1 29. 2 28: 4

st. Loui.,, ~o. fonMi~ppi River)~- 33ll • £1- - ~·-2 . 26.-8 .r· .. ,.,. '"'" Engle\\ ood, Tenn. (inland~. . . . . . . 343- 86- -15 · 64. · 5& 46 37

Difference ...................... ~ • ~-. • • 4.2. g. 38..8 · 37, 2 136.'0 ' 30; 2 24. 4;·

L«?uisville1K:v. (O? Ohio-River.) .... -LlA 26.3. .23.1 . L7.G•,l2.6 ==;,=.5 8..4' Rtrhmon<r, Ky. (inland) ......... _ 119 45.- 40 , 34- 30· 26 22

Dillerence ...................... ~ .. .•... 18', 1 : 16.-9. . 16.1. f 1·7.-4 ~ 1:f.6: I ===:=====-

Paducah,, Ity. (on Ohlo Rhrer) .... ! ~ • 48.3· , 41.,5. 32 122'. 6 2(): 16.8: Chattanooga.,. Tenn·. (inland)....... 338 76- 65 -S:l 4-7 40 ao:

Difierenoe ....................... ~ ?:lr7 I 23.-S 251 24. 4- ---;;;- "i3.2" I== ----:......1===

Cairo, Ill. (on Ohio RiV'er) .. ~ .... ~ 38?r 46~ 2. 39.4 29.9 ro. 5 17.9 ' 14~ 1 Dalton, Ga .................. ~..... 37& 103 89 79 6T 56 45:

Difference ....... : ..... -~ .• ~ • .. .. r• -~~ 56. s 49.-6 49l 1 46. 5 I as. 1 30. 3

FI'~m Louisville; Ky., to- !=! ~ Portsmouth, Ohio (on·Oliio River) . 240- 44 1 37- 8- , 28.4- 20 16. g; 13.7 Paris, Tenn ...................... - 247 70 . 62 56 45 37 31

----~----'l----1----~--Diflerence ............................. 25.9 24.2 27.6 25 20.2 I7.3

Brt5okport, lll. (on Ohio River)... 230 :u 39. 4- 29'. 9· 20.5 n 9 71:.7 Columbl!I; Tenn.. •. - ... - •. - ...... _ . 232 · n 5~ 49 45 38 3S

EFFE~ 011 WATER' COMPE'l'lTION ON RAfLW'AY IU:TES~continUed-.

A.ll-1-Wfl cra-s-s rate8 lietwllen. river points.'compat•eflo wit7t: all-rail crass ra.tes' . \ _ t1·om' r£vel' pot-wts to i1t.t6rwr poi?~t~t-ConUnued.

Rate: per 100 ponndlt, in cents'. · •

DIS- 1---:-----:------.,..---..,.---­~ce: Class Class. Ciass Class ! Class ciass. ' 1, 2. 3. (. 5. 6·.

--------------1---1---1---1---1-1

'- --:;__

From Sti.. Louis, Mo1rtcJ:-Continne<L 1 - Clinton, I-o.wa. (on MiSsissipuL. .M"Uu. 1

31 Rh•err .......•.•••..•••••.. :.... 26'8 39 24 3.2

I 19. 4' 15: 5 . U: !J 24 . 19 · :u ~ Albia, Iowa........ • • • • • • • • • • • • • .. 271 54 43

- ---'I~ ~-·i---t---1-~--t--

, :OiJ!erence. ____ ~·-· ----~·---·-- -·~--- 15 12' . 8 · 4.6 3.5. 6.1-==----'- = Dubuque, Iowa (on Milisissippi ' · ·

~lver?-' .. - .• ••• ·--·............ 329 42. 7, 34. s. 26. 9. 21'. 5 1'Z. 2_ . 16~5? Gnnnel , Iowa, ••••..• __ .~........ 327 61 48 :f1 26 20. 5 24. 5<

1-~-----~~------~ Diffetence. ...................... ._ ..... -.... . 18:3 13.5 10.1 4-. 5j a:.a ~

Me~ phis, Tenn. (.on MisSissfJ?l!i ~ _ ' .. :River) .............. ~ •..••...•. -. 305 65 50 45 35- 30· ; 25

Blgglnsoil,.Ark;. _________ ~.~-·· 30<£ 96· 82- 64 49' 31 : 39' --!- --

_Ditierence ..... : •.•..• -.. - .• -~!'. ' ...... , 31 I 32 . ' I9 · _14 7 " 14

New- Qrleaus, La., (o'D- Misslsl!i-ppl : · : · = ==== J = River) . .. ..... - .••• · ......... ~...... 718' oo· 75 65• 50 40' · 35

FortWorth,'i'ex ........ : .. ~ ...... 720 147' 125 1-04' 96' , (5. ; 1\l --1- ~·

Differenelf: .... ~. -----~·· ··---·- ...... , 51 50 39' 48 35. 41 . = . ===!==· Kansas· City, Mo. (on Missouri . '

Ri>er) ' .......................... · 278 66· 45 a:;- 27 Dradfor-d, . .Ark... --~, ... _ ... --- ____ 282.. 9f' 78 62 48

~nrerence .........•.............. : ..... :f-t.

Sioux- City, Io.wa (orr :M:isOOuri Ia River) ... · ...• ~-- .. ___ ..... ---···· 508· so-

Wellston, Olda.-............ -...... 5GT !30·

Difference~~~ .•.... -..•. .' •.••. ·-. ~ ro Omaha Nebr. (onlllssouri.Rlvet). Daloville, Ark .... -.........•......

41'4' 6(}: 413 116

33·

65 ~09·

41'

~ 100.

.zt:

45· I 32. 9T , 82

521 :· 50.

35 27' 7-9 641

22 . 37.

27: 63.

l:M'

22 47

: 2!:5 39

fi.lf

24.5 50

Di1terence ............ .' ................ 26.8 18.6 19: 1 ' 24.5' 20.1 ~~~--~· · Diti ---56 - 55· ----· ----· . ~1-..--1-~--------·

= erence...................... ...... 44 37 25 25.5

M'~phis, Tenn. (on Mississippi. . • Fr.om Pittsburgh· Pa. to- === = = R1ver) . •••.. - ........ _,........ 380 65- 50 45 35 30 E an ;Ill 1 • d (J 0 hi n· ) 581 ,. · · -

Brookland', Ark~ ........ _ .• _._. 384" 92' 77 60. 48 35 . .... . • .,_v-. ds-,:l ei.: n · on. _ o tver.- , • [53. 6 46. '1 35. 7· 25."' 2f. 5= : 11. ') l---1---l....__ --~---I~ __ ""'an yn, Tenn ....... · .. -·......... 582· 28- 110 8'T 74 69- 50'

Ditrerence ............................. ?:1 ZT 15 13 5. __ .. __ Dillerence.: .................... ~ ..... 74.4 63.3- 511.3 4". -~ :--:--=i== = ==...;____: _ 0 0 40. D I 32:'1.. St. LouiS, Mo. (on Mississfppt 1

, • . Rivel' .• - •. - ..................... 274 ; 43:1 36.21' 26.8 18 . ., · 10..8 12.61 Cairo,lll.(onObloRiver) ........ 693· · 62:5 155'- L 42 ' 30..5 25,7 · 2I~-S·

KnocxvilleJTenn .. .. ...... ~ ........ 286· 7.0' 6:;, 57' 4~ ·1 40· 33: Dalton,Ga ....................... 689126 116 95 73 60 5a·

.. Di.!I~rence ....................... ~- 32.9-1 28.8 30.2 : 28.6 ' 24.:! 20.4' · ·' Difference ..... ~ ... -..... ' ....... . ~ ·63,S 60! 9 ~ ~5' ; 3'4.3 3i.5 • • - :±==::= =-- ·.

From Memphis; Tenn., to- _ ~ I= StR·. _!A>uis, ~-- (on· Mississippi · Helena, Atk:. (.on

1 Mississippi · Iver) ...... : .. ~ ....... - ...... 6'13 ~-3' 51'.5 :f1.4 27.3' z:I.6 Hf.4

River)........................ .. . 00 43 40 32' 25 20 . 17 N"ashville,Tenn .. : ................ 611 183 ' 72 58' - 4-4 · 36 30

Jonosboro,Artc.................. 64 52- 44 37' 29. 23 U Difference ................. :.... . .: .... ~.: ... 23.7 20 • .5 . 18.6 16.7 ~ lQ,-6; '· ~----- ===~== (J:::::.;;:.·~.;;·;.;:.:;;~ ..... 7

( ~-5,- 4 ~~ . 7. ~~):~:..~'.".~-~~~--~~~~~~~-- I ~49 .62 . .3 54 41.4: ,28:8 2.5.>1 20.!}'

. River) .......................... 151' 65. 50 45 . 35 30 25 Chattanooga;Tenn ....... .... ~ .... 649.111 95 79 62 53 41 Maumefu,Ark ................. ~ ... 150 70 60 52 ag 30 32 · --1

------------------ .. !----~-- · Ditrerence .......... ~ ....... .......... . 48·.7 41' 37:6· 33~2 27.9 26·.1:

Dillerence: ··· .. · •·· .. ·:----····, · ····-~ 5- 10 r 3 0' '(- Men;tphis, 'llenn •. (on. Mississippi I - . Vicksburg, Miss. (on Mississippi River)- ...... ·.... - ··- .. ·- .. ·-.. 805 91 70 1 59

9.,. 46 39' · 33

D~~; ~1C:::::::::::::::.::::~: ~~ l ~, ~- ~ [ ft ~~· Atlanta, ea... ..................... 798 126 115 u 73 6o· 52 Difference ....................... ~ ..... J5j"4(} -as-~ n --:ui'

Difference...-· .• -· .... ---.------·---· zg· 29 ; zr 16 11 18 Ba~n R_onge; :La. ·con M1~:issippi = j 1= = = Nat~ez, Miss. (on Mississippi ~ 1 Rn~er) ....... ~ .. ~ ............... 1,..171 ll6 95 79 6I 49· 43·

R1ver) •••. ~ ................. .... m · 55• 45 40 . 25 22 Daytona,Ffa .•... - .. .- ........... 1,1-77· 1S7 138 125 lll 93 76 Texarkana, Al:k.-Tex..- ....... ~- -~ 290 U't 101 ss· 6!1 62 :Oiffi -------,1-----------

1- ~ ~--- er'llnce-.. ~ ......... - ................ 41 43 46 511 H 33

Dilference ......... - ........... : . .. : ... 62 ', 56 148 35 I 4n Vio~sbw:g, M"IBS. (on Mississippi ~-Batc;m Rouge,.ia. (on Mississippi ~ ..

1=~, I Rl'l:er) ..... _ .. _ ... -........... ~ .. !,025 116 95 7.9· 61 ' 49 43 RIVe1'). .. .. . . . .. . .. .• .. • .. ... ... 366' . M liil ' 45 ' 35 30' 25' Hattiesburg, MIS:f ................. 1-, 030' ~49 128 112' 92 75.5 61

McAlest:er,Okla •• ••...••• - ..••.... 367.' llo ~~~~-45. ~!~-- Dute . 1--- ~~--..~..--1---1_ I - ' renee .• ~ ................. ~ .•• -..... 33 33· 33- 31· 26...'i 1&

Dill' 30 23 I ==J==::l==::!· ==,f==="==--i==

N~iv;;~:~~:~~;:~~~~~~~: --=~-~ :: j: .. · j" :.,:: :!t1~::~:C:~t~!: ~Ira. l~ ~~~ ;~ ,U :: ~ BigSandy,Te.x ....... .' ....... - ... 396 137 115- 96 .. 89 70 72- Diff · 1--, --~----· ---. ------- .j~ -- __ . e~e~ce ............................. 4:7 47 53 '_ 5'41 47· . 36

Dilference ... ..... ·- ..... _ ........ ~- •.. ·I 72 ~ r 51 54- ~I 41 -

From St. Loui; Mo., t()- ~ I I 1\f;.'· RANSIHTI~~ Mil. President, ft is very evident that the· Keokuk1 towa. (orr Mississippi 1 rail rates ar..e made' with the purpose of. underbidding the wat-er~ sJliberJ r ..... --- ••• ....... .... ..

171 38· g: 32•6 24· 2 17· 3' 13• 7 1.3..1 ways on sucli· traffic as mf,..,~ht: sank to use them. W"'t'Ie· cert"...,.,. ·s ury,Mo~ .............. _....... 169 1i3 40 30 24 19- 21 "" u ~ -- --~--~~---- · r~il rates are kept. abnormally low and the..railroa.ds. thus re-

I:ifference .................. ·.·... . . .. .. 14.: 1· 7. fi · 5. 8 6. 7 . 5. 3 I i. 9 : tain a· large· part of tlie traffic t:o which they apply, tbis is an. Roc).!: Island, TIL (on ?.Iississippi Iii = ' ~ ' undesirable· an-d! unfair · rrrrnngement, compensated, as is well·

Rtver) -..................... ..... 240 36:3. 28:5 22:4 17:6 14.2 ~5 1 knowil' and as is: shown in part l1y the· table, by· means of mucb.-Moulton, Iowa ..... _.............. 24~ 52;5. ~ 29;5 22. ,5 17.2 ~ - higher· rntes to interior points.

Ditrerence .................... - ... ----116'.2' 12~5 I 7.-1 4.-9 _:_J 6. 5 ! At a tfme when transportation difficulties are great and are ~= .- · increasing, the statestnanUke policy woUld be not to restrict nor

t7504 CONGRESSIONAL -RECORD-- SEN ATE. SEPTEl\IBER. 29'

'diminish the usefulness of our waterways, but to devise methous for promoting their greater· use. Capital is proverbially timid and naturally hesitates . to engage in new. or doubtful enter.: prises. Transportation on our inland waterways, if properly organized, financed, and equipped, can undoubtedly be con­ducted at less cost than on the railways, but adequate organiza­tion, capital, equipment, and management will be forthcoming only if the waterways are kept in good condition, assurances as · to the permanence of such policy given the i_nterested pub­lic, and, as now seems to be necessary, assistanc~ of some prac­tical kind given in the establishment of experimental lines for the purpose of demonstrating the most efficient way to use these waterways. . . - • · Some further adjustment o! the railroad-rate situation may

also be necessary so as to permit the water ·carriers to use the railroads ·to advantage in through business to inland points. At present the rail cai:i·iers deny to the river -lines the same division of rates that they give to their rail · connections, \\:hereas, to overcome the inertia and the disinclination of the busines~ community to engage in a new departure, the water carrier

' should not only get from its rail connections the same ·propor­tionate rates as are given on through:rail business between identical termini, but an arrangement should be made under which the water carrier might, by accepting less money for its own service, establish lower joint .through rates· and thereby attract business to a t•elatively untried and in some respects

- less favorably situated route. · In place of repeating the trite and untrue charge that the

river and harbor bill is a " pork barrel," the Senator would du well to try to build up the confidence of the business community to an extent sufficient to induce thein to invest capital in and to use river transportation. He might try to ascertain the reasons why t11ese great national highways are not more extensively used and, by devising practical .plans for overcoming these objections, save the country each year considerably more than the amount of the appropriation he now decries. ·

In criticizing the grouping system, which was introduced by former Senator Burton and which has been used for a number of years, . but which is used more extensively than ever before in the river and harbor bill recently enacted, Se.natot; KENYON says:

The plan is to group a number <>f 1·elated projects under a lump ap­propriation, so that It can not be told how much <>f the money will go to any particular project. That is left to the engineers. · A_gain, in speaking of the appropriation for the Santee,

·wateree, and Congaree Rivers, he says that this is-said to be all intended for the Congaree, but there was no way to know that for certain.

This statement also is very far from the truth. The engineers subinit detailed estimates for ali' projects for which appropria­tions are specifically desired. These estimates were printed in a committee report, which was available ~ot only to every Senator but to the general public_. If the Senator did not have the time or did not care to take the trouble to look the matter up in this report, he could have been informed upon applica­tion to the chairman of the Commerce Committee, and, in fact, was informed during the consideration of the bill as to the exact amounts designated for a number of project:s in the bil).

, It often happens that because of favorable con~itions the entire appropriation made for some projects is not needed <lur­ing the course of the year, while becaus~ of em_ergencies which may arise a larger amount than estimated is needed for certain l!lther projects.

The grouping system gives to the engineers a limited uiscre­tion to meet emergencies which may arise, and it seems a little odd to have a criticism of this limited discretion from a Senator who four times has tried, and twice has succ~eded, to substi­tute lump-sum appropriations for bills in the regular form, under which the amount received by any one or all of the hundreds of waterways and ha11Jors under their charge is left ·solely to the discretion of the engineers. The only logical conclusion that can be reached from the course followed by the Senator from Iowa is that in his opinion the exercise of .unlimited discretion by the Army engineers in the distribution of appropriations for waterways and harbors is highly commendable, while a limited discretion is thoroughly objectionable.

In another place in the article referred to the Senator says : ·I think the whole trouble we have got into in this country about

river and harbor bills is the question of locality, of something for the benefit of a particular locality instead of a benefit to the entire Nation. This is the trouble with our country anyhow. We think along local lines.

During his extended remarks, when the rivers anu harbors bill was under consideration, the Senator from Iowa n;taue specific criticisms of 28 projects. In the statement which I . hold; and which I ask permission to insert in the RECORD as a portion of my remarks without reading it in full, I have given the names of all these wa terway.s, with the tonnage and the value

of the commerce carrieu thereon in the calendar_ year 1915, and the appropri~tions for the fiscal year 1918 contained in the rivers and harbors act.

The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so o~dered. · ·

The table referred to is as follows : Items directly ct•iticized by the Senator from IowtJ..

Commerce for 1915. Aft~Po~a,. 1--------T-------1 Name of project.

-------------------------------I--N_e_t_t_ons __ ._1, __ v_-a_l_ue_.___,~w--f_J_1I_~_ar_

Big Sandy River.............................. 152, 159 Sl, 520,501 .. Scuppernong River ; ....... : ....... :.......... 9,488 389,478 .... i3;500 Contentnia Creek.............................. 9, 607 146,975 1, 000 Smiths Creek.................................. 5, 896 145, 928 ........... . Fishing Creek ....................... ·.......... 2, 450 34,926 ........... . Pamlico and Tar Rivers. • .. .. . .• . ••• . . . . . .• • . 286,716 3, 937, 502 4, liOO N~rtheastRiver............................... ..68,116 1,263,962 3,000 Black River .......... : .. .. .. .. .. .. . . • . • • • . . . . 18, 746 399, 143 2, 000 Cal:f Fear River (above Wilmington)......... 100,030 · 1,675,002 ........... . Li tie Pedeo River ................... -• .'....... 1, 442 . 72, 703 ........... . Santee River ............ ~.................... 25,376 770,902 }

~= ~l:!i.::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ...... 4;324" ····656;500· 80'000

Altamaha River. . .. .. . • • . .. . • . • .. • • .. .. .. .. .. 16, 763 967, 205 } OconeeRiver ................................. 41,925 484,091 40,000 Ocmulgee River ............ -·. . . .. . . . . . • • . . . . . 33, 645 1, 127, 556 Kissimmee River. .. .. . . .. .. .. . .. . . . .. . . .. . . . . 73,565 1, 164, 045 4, 000 Caloosahatchee River •.....•....... ·..•.•.•.... 69,340 1, 980, 014 .•.........• Orange River................................. 3, 490 143,300 ........... . CrystalRiver .......................... :...... 2, 141 81,430 ........... . Ariclote River........................... . ..... 11,269 !190, 729 3,000 Withlacoochee River..... . . .. . . . .. . .. . .. . . . . .. 20, 789 195, 186 ........... . Escambia and Conecuh Rivers .•.•..... ; . . . . . . 85, 000 850, 000 2, 500 Pearl River................................... 30,650 155,048 .......... .. Red River (below Fulton).................... 'l:T,32S 1,895,~7 55,000 OuachitaRiver .................. ·............. 97,451 2,108,146 10,000 . Arkansas River................ .. . .. . • .. . . . . . . 39, 966 800, 868 35, 000 St. Francis River ................. _....... .. .. . 146, 442 462, liOO 3,li00

Total ............................. .'..... 1, 441, 111 24, 419, 567 251,00)

Mr. RANSDELL. Mr. President, it will be noted that every one o:( the 28, without a single exception, is located ~ the South. The Senator gave a ~pecial criticism to the Pamlico and Tar Rivers, which really constitute one stream with differ­ent names in different parts. There were carried on this river in 1915, 286,716 tons of freight, and if he had gone carefully through the Report of the Chief of Engineers be would have round nearly 200 waterways and harbors located jn the North-192 to be exact-which carried a smaller commerce than that of the · Pamlico. I hope the Senator will not be offended if I commend to him the cultiyation of a national instead of· a sec-tional point of view. , . It will also be noted that every one of the waterways which

he specifically criticized is a river, although some of them are called creeks. He said many things, and bitter things, about rivers, but not a word against harbors. Apparently,- he is suf­fering fr9m what might be <;ailed fluvial hydrophobia. . Harbors are railway terminals. They serve railways, while rivers com­pete, or may compete, with railways. Is it possible that this fact has any connection with the severe criticism of rivers and the entire lack of condemnation of harbors which characterized the remarks of the Senator from Iowa!

The Senator is reported in the article as sa.ying that, in his opinion, " the appropriation carried in the measure was about $10,000,000 less than it would have been but _for the war, but that another $10,000,000 could have been lopped off without in­jury to any of the legitimate projects mentioned in the bill."

In the course of the hours and days spent by the Senator from Iowa in criticizing the bill while it was under consideration he specifically mentioned the above-named 28 items, the aggregate appropriation for which was only $25.1,000. An additional $10,000,000 taken from the bill would have cut out the entire appropriation for all, waterways and harbors car_rying _less than 1,000,000 tons of freight each and half of that for the waterways which carried between 1,000,000 and 5,000,000 tons each, the aggregate tonnage · qn these waterways being 92,910,883. Either this would have been the case, or there would have been a cut in the· appropriations for the water~ays carrying from 5,000,000 tons each to over 50,000,000 tons each, and I suppose even the Senator from Iowa will concede that waterways handling such amounts of traffic are" legitimate."

The Senator from Iowa devoted considerable attention to the Pamlico River, and showed that in this, as .in a number of other instances, he had faileu to give sufficient study to the reports of the Chief of Engineers to gain an accurate knowledge of the facts. Speaking of this river, he said: ·

There has apparently been considerable commerce, a complete com­merce of 177,000 tons downstream and about 100,000 upstream, but when analyzed you discover that about 120,000 tons of that is tim­ber. • • • · Timber and logs and matters of that kind can be fioated downstream without all these tremendous appropriations.

. ;

CONGRESSIONAL R.ECORD-- SENsATE~ 7505

In this-case the '.'tremendous appropriations' amount to just. In the past, .as I have already said, 1.\Ir. President, the railroads $4,500 for the maintenance of u waterway which in 1915 carried have used cutthroat'_methods of competition against waterways}· 286,716 t'ons of commerce valued at '$3,937,502. That is at the which I ~mphatically disapprove. But having said that, I waiit rate of H cents for each ton· and eleven one-hundredths of a cent also to say that the patriotic and efficient service which the· for each tlollar! A continuance of such wanton extravagance· as i·ailroads have rendered since our entrance into the world ' war that, Mr. President, will bring us to the verge of national bank- desen·es and should receive the unstinted praise of every loyal ruptcy ! .. · citizen of the United States. And to·day, Mr. President, we

The Senator understated the commerce carried and inter- are· confronted · by an extraordinary and surprising spectacle. changed the tonnage handled upstream and downsh·eam, re~ On the one hand we see the leading railway men of the country spectiYely. He stated that ab.out 120,000 tons: were timber, but urging that the waterways be used, because there is more traffic if he had really read the engineer's .report, .instead of merely to be moved than the railroads can possibly handle, arid on the glancing at it and jumping at. conclusions, he would have found other we see the Senator. from Iowa trying his best to cut down that most of this was handled in. boats · and barges which were almost to the vanishing point the appropriations required to keep Jarger or, at any rate, had a greater dt•aft than the boats in the waterways in condition to be-used. I thoroughly agree with which the rest of the commerce was carried, an•l that 128,500 one criticism I have heard him make, and that is as to the sys-' tons of·lumber, timber; and shingles ·were carried upstream. If tern of dribbing appropriations for waterways, but from the tim·e the distinguished Senator from· Iowa can make timber float up- he became a Member of the Senate he has usect his most earnest stream on a river, whether improved or unimproved, he can win efforts not to increa e the appropriations but to decrease the both fame and fortune if he will tell the lumbermen of the dribble to a drip. United States how it can be done. · At. till another place in the article Senator KENYON says:

He lays great . str.ess on the fact that the depth of the river The people arc re<'llly to blame, and their viewpoint as to what con-at the extreme upper limit of navigation. and at tlle time of stltutes a statesman must change before any decided change takes place l t - 1 20 · h · H · th f t that the in the system upon which " pork " is founded. So long as their ideal of ow wa er JS on Y me es. e .Igl!Ores e ·ac · an efficient representative at Washington Is the man who is able to minimum low-water depth in the principal part of the river is get an appropriation to " improve" their P-odunk Creek or to put up 10 feet-which is just 4 feet greater than the minimum depth some public bui!ding far larger or more expen~tve _than the. community

l d f th M. i · · d th fu tl er fact that needs-so long as they meet such a Ietm-nh;lg statesman with a band P anne ·or e upper ISS SSlppt-an e r 1 and point to him with pride, saying,. " See what he got for us "-just so during several months in the year the available navigable long wm "pork" continue to thrive. . depth in many of the rivers and harbors of the North is noth- Thi · is pretty broad, l\Ir. President, but in his remarks on the ing at all, because they are · froz.en up. Ice in the North. and river and harbor bill he put it still more broadly. As reported low water in . the . South during a .portion of the year do not~ iri the RECORD for August 3, page 5454, he mad~ the following however, preyent the development of an important commerce. statement: No doubt the Senator is busy; we all il.re; but if he will take We might as well be perfectly frank about these little streams. Every­the time to look over the reports of the engineers he will find body knows it. It is not for commerce, but to help elect men to Congress. that, since its improvement was begun in 1876, the Pamlico What is the use of going around the corner about that proposition? A River has carried about $800 worth of. commerce for each dol- man goes home with an a[-propriation for Contentnea Creek or Podunk.

Creek, or a public building, and be is tendered a great banquet, and lar spent on it· improvement. It- seems to me that a return leading orators pronounce him the greatest statesman we have had in of 800 for 1 is a matter for congratulation rather than for modern times. criticism. These statements, Mr. President, constitute an aspersion upon

At another place in the article he says: the intelligence and an indictment of the integrity of the Army We have spent in this country about $900,000,000 on rivers and engineers, of the Members of Congress in both Houses, and of

harbors. Of this amount it is a perfectly safe estimate that half of it the people of tl1e United States. As to the Army engineers, with­has been squandered. out whose sanction, made after thorough surveys and investiga-

Here again his statement is very wide of the truth. The · t · 1 I fact has all·eady been noted that his criticism has been entirely twns, no wa erway proJect has legis ative status, commend to

the Senator's attention the statement made by a gentleman of directed against rivers, from which it is natural to conclude his own political faith, the distinguished leader of the minority that he considers the money appropriated for the improvement in the House of Representatives, Mr. MANN, who is one of the of harbors has bee-:::t wisely expended. A tabulation made from ablest, sincerest, and most industrious men in Congress, and one the repo-rts of the Chief of Engineers shows that, in round num- who always makes sure of his facts. He says: bers, $500,000,000 has been expended on harbors and $400,- Whatever men may think about the merits of particular propositions 000,000 on rivers. In making this tabulation some waterways in a bill, there is no legislation which comes before Congress which is which are called rivers, and even some called creeks, have been so critically scanned by experts as are the river and harbor bills before included with the harbors because they belong there, as, for they reach the House. • • • There are more processes involved, and

far more expert men, wholly disinterested, unbiased, uncontrolled by instance, the Penobscot from Bangor to the sea, the Delaware Eolitics, in reference to a river and harbor Item than for any other legis­below Philadelphia, the Mississippi below New Orleans, the atiou provided by any legislative assembly in the world. (See Cox­Columbia below Portland, and East Chester, Westchester, and GREssw~AL llEcono, Jan. 22, 1917, p. 1777.) Newtown Creeks, which are parts of New York Harbor. On Fifty Members of the Senate and · 204 :Members of the House the other hand, so important a s-tream as the Hudson above voted for the river and harbor bill. If the Senator means to New York City has been included with the rivers. charge that all of these Senators and Representatives are guilty . His statement is untrue, flierefore, even if every dollar that of voting money ·out of the Treasury o:f the United States, not has been spent on the rivers of the country has been squan- for commerce, but to aid in reelecting themselves to Congress, dered. But I do not believe that any sane and fair-minded then the Congress of the United States is cQmposed of dishonest man would attempt to claim that this is the case. 'Ve have men, for while such action may not technically violate any stat­spent over $13,000,000 on the Monongahela, but it is handling ute of the United States, I can see no difference morally between some 13,000,000 tons of traffic in a year, and if the carrying of a Senato1: or a Member of Congress who votes money out of the coal on this river were stopped much of the bottom would drop Treasury for improper purposes in order to promote his own out of the 'iron .and steel indush·y of Pittsburgh. That money political fortunes and one, in Congress or out of it, who would pu't was certainly not wasted, nor was that spent on many other his hands into the pocket or the strong bDx of another man and rivers which carry a commerce important at any time, but extract money therefrom. trebly important in these days of war when the railroads are It is not my intention, Mr. President, to occupy the time of the overtaxed. ~ Senate much further. I ask permission to insert as a portion

It is . undoubtedly true that some of our rivers carry _less of my remarks, without reading, an article entitled "The Water· commerce than formerly, but it is also true that for more than ways of the United States," prepared by Mr. ,S. A. Tho~pson~ 50 years the railways in their competition with waterways secretary and treasurer of the National Rivers and Harbors were free to use any methods that the acutest intellect could Congress. This consists of three tables, with explanatory notes, devise and the mo~t . hardened conscience could execute; and compiled from the reports of the Chief , of Engineers and the everyone wlio has given the subject attention knows that they recently enacted river and harbor bill, in which will be found improved their opportuQities in this direction to the very limit. a great deal of valuable information. .- · It l my profound conyiction that the railroads were short- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection; permission sighted and that they really were working against their own is granted. _ interest. ·. Hut be that as it may, many millions of dollars 1\Ir. RANSDELL. Table I gives, in a few lines, important were appropriated for rivers during . years when they were facts concerning the 535 waterways and harbors included in carrying a vast commerce: when, indeed, "tliey furnished the the report of · the Ohlef of Etigineers f~r- 1916, divided · intQ only lines of communication excent the dim ctrails of. the wilder- classes according to the tonnage carried, with the tonnage and ness, and the. money spent. on rivers at .such . times .and under . value of commerce carried by each , class and the totals for all. such conditions was certainly not squandered;·-· -- _..: . -- - · the classes. From -this it appears that there were 229 water-

LV--476

7506 QONGRESSIONAL: RECORD-SE·NA.TE~ SEPTEl\fBER 29;_·

ways caTrying ·less than 50,000 -tons each, the·aggregate tonna'ge for this class being 3,900,689, valued· at $142,732,347. There were 5 waterways whic]) carried over 50,000,000 tons each_, the ·-ggregate tonnage being 368,431,468, valued at $13,459,281,805. For all the waterways reported upon by the Chief of Engineers the freight carried quring the calendDJ,' yea.I' 1915 was 936,123,661 tons, valued at $32,947,954,545;·

An explanato~y nQte makes it plain that this is not, and does n"Ot -claim to be, -.a statement of the separate . tons of freight carried. It is the ·sum of the tonnage carried on all 'the water­ways ~d ltarbors o:Cthe United States, and therefore ~ontains a -considerable -number of ,duplications.· The most extreme in­stance of this kind occurs in l'elation to the traffic between Lak~ ~uperior and Lake . Erie. ·11·on ore, for instance, is in­clude.Q. no less ·than five times-first, when it is loaded at D.u-1uth, Supedor, or · Marquette; then as it passes successively through the " Soo " Canal, the St. Clair Flats Canal, and the Detroit River; . and finally when it is unloaded at Cleveland, Conneaut, or Ashtabula.

Practically all the tonnage l'eported on the Great Lakes is recorded· twice, once when it · is loaded at one port and again when it is unloaded at another. But the total commerce of the ports on ~e Lakes · can not be shoWn unless both receipts arid shipments are included and the standard depth in the channels and harbors of the Lakes must be continuously maintained · or they can not be safely use<1 by the splendid fleet of steamships which have made the commerce of the Lakes one of the modern wonders of the world.- · · · ,

.If there .. ar~ dupl~cations on the one hand, on the other the unavoidable omissions a~e many in number anc;l important in· amount, because the machinery for gathering statistics of water­borne comm'?l'ce in tlH~ United States is very far from being what it · ought to be. " For instance, the commerce, foreign and do­mestic, handled at the great port of Boston undoubtedly amount­ed to tens of millions · of tons . in volume and to hundreds of millions of dollars in villue,-,but the. only :figures. the engmeers were able to sectU'e were those sh9wing the value of the foreign commerce . of the poo·t. The. Mystic and Malden Rivers, in MassaChusetts, carried some 8,800,000 tons of freight, but for more than half of this the value could not be ascertained, and in scores of 9ther instances the engineers state that the com­mercial statistics repm·ted by them are incomplete.

In the official ·report on "Transportation by Water," pub­Jished by the Census Bureau for 1906, attention is called to the fact that there were a very large number of small boats regularly employed and carrying in the aggregate a large and increasing traffic fOI' ~which no· statistics were gathered. ·Evecy one in the least familiar with the facts -knows that the ~ nmnber of motor boats now· in use is enormously greater than in 1906. I ha v~ been told that there are more than 1;000 on one waterway ih my own State of ·Louisiana-the Bayou Terrebonne. Besides tho e who carry freight as a business there are la1•ge numbers of farmers who use mot9r boats to carry their produ~e to market and bring home their supplies. In short, 1\'lr. President, the water roads are being used in the same ways as the wagon roads; every one knows that the traffic in both cases is very large, but it is a practical impossibility to get a statement of the amount. It will be seen, therefor~, that the duplications in these tables are largely, if not entirely, offset by the unavoidable ' omissions, making the totals approximately correct.

It is entirely natural, I suppose. that our attention should be attracted to the traffic handled i.p the great ports and on the great waterways of the country, but we. must not overlook the fact that the smaller waterways and harbors, which .are scattered all over our vast territory, and which, therefore, contribute to the development and prosperity of every part of the United States, can-y a traffic which in the aggregate is enormous' both in volume and in va1ue. It is shown by the tables, which I have asked permission to Insert in the RECORD, that there are 289 waterways and harbors which, in 1915, carried less than 100,000 tons each,· and that the total amount of freight was 8,316,820 tons, valued ·at $252,968,679. What these figures really mean will be more clearly understood when I say that they ru·e prac­tically equal to the combined tonnage handled by Portland, Me., New Bedford and Fall River, Mass., and New London and New Baven, Conn., and to the aggregate value of the commerce of the six lake cities of Ashland, Marquette, Milwaukee, Toledo, San-dusky, and Conneaut. ·

There were 90 ·waterways and harbors, having a combined commerce of 129,482,329 tons, valued at $4,006,237;975, which were included in the.lleport of the Chief of Engineers but which were not included,· either directly or indirectly, in the _iiv~rs and harbors act approved on August 8. Table II, therefore, shows the ,-·arne ~acts co~tai~ed in Table I regarding the 445 wat~rw~;v-~.

whtch are mentioned in the riyers and hru·bots act, and in adai .. tion s~ows the really .ridicnlqusly small amount of the appro­priations made in that act in proportion to the tonnage and the value of the commerce -can-ie<t. 'For instance, the appropriation for the waterways carrying-less than 50,000 tons amounted · to only thirty-two. and seventy-six..one-liun.dr.edths cents for each ton of freight handled and to eighty-seven one-hundredths of a cent for each dollar of value. For the five waterways which carried over 50,000,000 tons of freight each the appropriation amounted to only six-tenths of a cent for each ton of freight and to one one-hundredth of a cent for each dollar of value. And for the entil'e 445 waterways mentioned in the rivers and harbors act the appropriation amounted, on the average, to only three and twenty-six hundredths cents for each ton of freight and to nine one-hundredths of a cent for each dolla1· of value .

.. A statement supplemental to Table II shows that if we ignore the known omissions · in the statistics reported by the engineers and cut the totals absolutely in half in order to give full recog4

nition to all possible (l.uplications the $27,826,150 appropriated by the rivers and harbors act amounts to only six:' and eighty-one one:-hundredths cents for each to,ll of traffic and to nineteen one­hundredths of a cent 1:or each dollar of value of the commerce carried on the waterways and ha1·bors of the United States in the calendar year 1915.

And this, Mr. President, is the bill which the Senator from Iowa spent days in denotmcing, which the senior Senator from Utah called "rotten,"- the ju~ior Senator from the same State declared involved ·" temerity· and indecency " on the part ot those who asked for such appropriations, and which the senior Senator from Idaho declared· " could not be characterized in: parliamentary language ! " . ,

Table III, while much long~r than the other two, requires no extended comment. It is the foundation on which the othe1~ two are based. It gives the name and location of all the waterways and harbors included in the Report of the Chief of Engin~ers for 1916, the amount and value of the commerce carried by each· iii the calendar year !915, and the amounts approp.l'iated, either for single projects or for groups of projects, in the 1917 riv rs and harbors act. The grouping used in that act is shown by

, brackets and the projects which were omitted from the net or for which no specific appropriations were made, although they were included in a group, are indicated by asterisks. ..

So far as I know, Mr. President, no similar compilation of facts relating to the waterways and barbors of the United States has ever been made, and I regard it as of the greatest value, b • cause it shows the magnitude of our water-borne commerce and how insignificant in comparison are the appropriations canied 1n the annual rivers and harbors bills. Transportation is im­portant iu time of peace; it is absolutely vital ii\ time of war. Indeed, Secretary Baker says, and truly, " This is a war of trans­portation." Because our railroads are .overtaxea, it .tnay depend upon our waterways whether our flag shall .float iii victory or go down in disaster and defeat. It follows, therefore, that every one who pTomotes the improvement1 maintenance, and utilization: of our waterways is helping to win the war, while one who takes the other cour e is imperiling the safety of the Nation and the future of civilization.

-·--APPENDIX.

WATERWAYS AXD HARBpRS 011' THE . UNITED STATES.

TONN.~GE .AND ,VALUE OF C:OMMERCE CARRIED IN THE CALENDAR YEAR 191.5, AS REPORTED BY THE ARMY ENGINEERS, COMPARED WITH THE APPRO• PRIATIONS CONTAINED IN THE RIVERS AND HARBORS ACT OF 1917,

[Compiled by S. A. Thomp ·on, secretary and treasurer National Rivers and Ha.rbors Congress, Washington, D. C.]. . ,

Once in 10 years the Census ·Bureau publishes a special report on "Transportation by water" in tb_e United States, the one last is ned bearing date or 1908 and giving data for 1906. The Census Bureau ls now engaged in securing the data for a report covering the year 1916, which will be issued some time in 1918. ·

In December of each year a report is issued by the Chief of Engineers, which gives in great detail the operations of the Corps of Engineers tor the fiscal year ending on the preceding 30th of June, and including statements showing the tonnage and value of the commerce handled on each of the waterways and harbors of the United States during tho pre­ceiling calendar year. The latest published Report of the Chief of Engi­neers was issued in December, 1916, and the commercial statistics 'given therein refer to the calendar year 1915. ·

In the Reports of the Chief of Engineers. :md during the consideration of rivers and harbors bills 1n Congress as well the hundreds of water­ways in the United States are reported on or discussed separately! but no summing up is made ·which gives the main facts concerning al the waterways. There are few things outside the realm of mathematics as to which there ls not room for an honest ditl.'erence of opinion, but crltlclsm, to be intelligent and constructive, must be based upon o. Jwowledge of all the facts. · ~Much of the · indiscriminate and d4$truc­tive -criticism which has been· uttered against rivers and harbors bills has been due to n failure to realize the mn!!'Ditude of the interests 1n­volved • and the 1nsigniflcance of the appropr'!ations made in p:roportlon to the volume and value of tbe: tra1fic carried. Thcse·· facts are. clearly shown in the followl:n~ ta~Ies • ..

1917.~ .CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN-ATE. 7507 In .'l'able I the 535 -waterways and harbors included . in the latest ·

Report of the Chief of .Engineers ·have been Uivided into nine classes according to tbe tonnag-e carried, the number of wate:t:Ways .in ,each class is stated and the volume and value of the commerce carried is given for each class separately and for all the classes combined. , TABLE I.-Waterways ana harbot·s included in th~ Report of the Chief of

Engitteet·s for 191~ classified ~cor(ling .to tonnage .carried, with ton­nage a11d. t>alue 01 commerce carried 11 eac1~ class ana totals tor all classes.

Number in

class.

229 60

117 39 54 16 12 3 5

f35

• CALENDAR TEAR 1915·.

Freight carried by each class •.

Classification. Tons.' Value.

Waterways carrying (tons): 1

Less than 50,000 ............... : .... 3, 900,689 S142, 732,347 ro,ooo to 100,000...................... 4,416,131 110,236,332 100,000 to 500,000. .. .. • . • • • • • • • . • . • • . 28,093,170 594,778,450 500,000 to 1,000,000.................. 261630,356 799,537,182 1,000,000 to 5,000,000.. .•. • ••. • . .... . 121,388,087 4,370,659,484 5,000,000 to 10,000,000.............. . 115, 176,269 3, 805,165,962 10,000,000 to 25,000,000.............. 173,114,093 7,690,902,260 25,000,000 to 50,000,000.. ... ....... .. 94,973,398 1,974,660, 723 Over 50,000,000...................... 368,431,458 13,459,281,805

1------1-------------Total............................. 936,~,661 32,947,954,545

1 or 2,000 pounds. There were 90 waterways and harbors having a combined commerce

of 129,482,329 tons valued at $4,006,237,975, which were lncluded in the report of the Chief of Engineers; but which were not included, either directly or indirectly, in the 1917 rivers and harbors act. Table II gives the same facts with reference to the 445 waterways and har­bors for which provision was made, either directly or indirectly, in the rivers and harbors act, and in addition shows, for each class with averages for all the classes, the number of tons and the value of the . commerce carried for each dollar of the appropriation made, and also the amount appropriated for each ton ·or freight and dollar of value of the commerce carried:

-It . .9hould be clearly. understood · that the totals_ of tonnage state!}. In . these tables is not, and does not claim .to be, a statement of the separate .tons of- freight handled. 'l'lley "I"epresent the sum of the tonnage re. ported b;y the engineers on the dllferent waterways and harbors of the United States, and, because of the conditions under which they are gathered, they ·involve both duplications and omissions.

The most extreme instan~e of duplication occurs in rela,tion to the traffic between Lake Superior and Lake Erie. Iron ore, for instance, is inch1ded no less than five times. First, when it is loaded at Duluth, SuperiorJ.. or Marquette; then as it passes s~ccessively through the " Boo " canal, the St. Clair Flats Canal, and the Detroit River ; and finally when it is unloaded at Cleveland, Conneaut, or Ashtabula. Practically all the tonnage reported on the Great Lakes is recorded twice--once when it is loaded at one port, and again when it is unloaded at another. But the total commerce of the ports on the Great Lakes can not be shown unless the receipts and the -shipments are both in­cluded, and the standard depth in the channels and harbors of the Lakes must be continuously maintained or they can not be ~afely used by the great steamships in which the commerce of the Lakes .is carried.

If there are duplications on the one hand, on the other the unavoid­able omissions are many in number and important in amount. because the machinery for gathering statistics of water-borne commerce in the United States is very far from being what it ought to be. For instance, the commerce, foreign and domestic1 handled at the great port ·of Boston· undoubtedly amounted to tens of millions of tons in volume and to hun­dreds of millions of dollars in value ; but the only figures the engineers were able to secure were those showing the value· of the foreign com­merce of the port. The Mystic and Malden Rivers, in Massachusetts, carried some 3,800,000 tons of freight, but for more than half of this the value could not be ascertained, and in scores· of othet· instances the engineers state that the commercial statistics reported hy them are in­complete. ,

In the official report on Transportation by Water, published by the Census Bureau for the year_1906, it is said: ·

" The limitation of the census to vessels of 5 tons or over results in the exclusion of a large number of steam, gasoline, and electric launches engaged in the regular freight and passenget· traffic on the lakes, bays, and rivers of the country. The number of these small vessels has in- · creased very rapidly during recent years, and their aggregate annual business has now assumed .considerable proportions." . .. .

Every one in the least familiar with the facts knows that the number of motor boats now in use is vastly greater than it was in 1906. Not only are they regularly used in carrying freight and passengers for hire, but there are many farmers who use -motor boats to carry their produce

TABLE II::-Waterwany& and harbor& of the Uniltd Statu mtntioned in the rivers and harbors. act of 1917, &howing tonnage a11d value of commerce carried bv the different classes in the calendar year 1915, with totals; the appropriations for each clau, and total; t1u number of tons, and their value, carried bg each class for each dollar .appropriated, with averages· and tht number of cents-appropriated tor. eaclt. ton of.trajfic and each doUar ·of value carried by the different classes, with averages, calendar gear 1915. '

Number or

water­ways.

19i 53 ~2 ::3 ~9 15 9

Freight carried, net tons.

Less than 50,000 .................... ~ ~ ............................. .

r.~~~~~;;m;_~~l·:_~:_::l;-yl·-~_ll_~-~-:_:l:l::_ ~ ~'"~~~:;~:~·.:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Total fraight, Value of freight net tons. carried.

3,381,119 3,908,952

21 250 501 22:658:074 83,424,474

109,420, 167 127, 482, 115 66,684,462

368, 431, 468

$126,342,349 I 01, 972, 581 508, 859, 965 770,676, 524

3, 213, 711,389 3, 658,079, 102 5,617,460,862 1, 485,331,993

13,459,281,805

Appropria­tions nvers and harbors . act of 1917.

$1,107,800 390,200

4",079,600 2,066,000 5,324,200 7,967,150 1,219,000 1,915,000 2,245,500

Each dollar appro­priated represents-

Tons. Value.

3.05 $114.04 10.01 261.33 5.20 124.73

-10.96 373.02 15.66 600.60 13.73 459.14

104.57 4,608.57 34.47 775.63

164.07 5,993.89

Amount appropri­ated equals- ·

For each For each ton or dollar of

freight. value.

-------CentB. Cents.

32.76 0.87 9.98 - .37

23.90 .80 9.11 .26 6.38 .16 7.28 .21 .95 .02

2.87 .12 .60 .01

r----------r------------4---------4-------r--------~-------11-------2145 Total.. .. .. . . . . . . . . . ... . . .. .• .... .. . ... .. . . . . ..... ............ 806,'641,332 28,941, 716, 570 26,314, 4.5o 136.12 1 I,099.84 13.26 1.00

1Average.

to market and bring back their supplies. The traffic on the waterways of the country, like the traffic on its highways, is known to every one to be l'normous in volume ; but it is a practical impossibility to secure exact statistics as to the tonnage. It will be seen, therefore, that the duplications in these tables are largely, if not entirely, offset by the omissions so that the totals are approxinlately correct.

TABLE Ili.--Name ana location of the watertoaya ana harbors of the United States, voZutn-e and ilalu.e of commerce ha-ndled i11- 1915 co-m­pat·ea with appropriations in t1~e ri-vers and harbors act of 1917~

If, however, the omissions contained in the statistics reported by the engineers are ignored entirely and the totals given are cut squa,re in two in order to give full recognition to all possible duplications, the $27,826,150 appropriated by the rivers and harbors act of 1917 amounts to only 6.81 cents for each ton of t~affic and to less · than one-fifth of a cent {nineteen one:-hundredths) fot: each dollar of value of the com­merce carried on the waterways and harbors of the United States in the calendar year 1915.

The sum of the appropl'iations for the different classes of waterways included in Table III is $26,314,450, while the total of the appropria­tions contained iJ:J. the rivers and harbors act is $27,826,150. The fol­lowing statement shows the purposes for which the di1ference of $1,511,700 was appropriated.

Additional appropriations in 191'1 rivers ana lwrbors act.

Name and location of im­provement.

• MAINE.

Commerce for 1915.

Freight, net tons.

Estimated value.-

*St. Croix River.............. 146,754 Sl, 872,889 *Bar Harbor.................. 39,455 I, 440,965 *Bass Harbor ................................................ . *Deer Island Thoroughfare ................................. _ .. *Penobscot River ..... _. ... ... 432,436 4, 984,022 *Rockland Harbor ......... _. 552, 132 13, 842, 067 *Thomaston Harbor ......... : 13, 188. 250,000 *Kennebec River. . . . . . . . . . . . . 275, 960 3, 515,500 Portland Harbor.............. 2,990,076 145,884;161

Projects for - which no commerce was repor~ed (8 new, 4 old) -------------------------------------------- $1, 078, 700 *Saco River ........... : .......

1 _____ -_65 __ ,_7os __ l--_____ 3aa_·_,ooo ___

1 WExatminatlonCs, su.t:vey

1 s,. and contingencies---------------- 225, 000 Tot

1 4,515

,699 172 114 604 a erways omm '.SS on ___ _:____________________________ 100, 000 a ....... ; ... · · · · · · · · ' '

Removing water hyacinths __________ ------------------ 30, 000 MAINE AND NEW HAMPSHIRE. Government iron pier at Lewes, DeL____________________ _68, 000 *Isles oi Sh 1s H b r Expenses of .purchase ot: condemnation of Cape Cod and oa ar 0 •• · ... · •

Chesapeake and Delawa~e Canals ___________________ .:_ 10, 000 NEW HAMPSmRE.

TotaL ______ ... ___ ·--------.,----------------------- 1, 511, 700 *Portsmouth Harbor .. .. ... · ·.-l=====490='=44=7:::1===2='=47=5,==6=7=5=l Table III, while much longer than . the other two, requires little com. H.A.SSACHUSETTS.

ment. In it will be found the name and the geographical location of !New)?urypor~Harbor........ 174,887 . 962,480 every waterway and he.t·bor mentioned eithet· in the Report of the ·Mernmack River............ 89,529 530,655

2,225 . 56,175

Appropriation in 1917 rivers and harbors bill.

Completing im· provement, $300, · 000.

Chief of Engineers or the rivers and harbors • act, with the amount and *SandyBayHarborofRefnge • .......... : ..... ..... : ...... ... .. value of the commerce carried thereon in the calendar year 1915 . • -Tho *Gloucester Harbor ........... -- 275, ·757 • 3,340 334 }F ' . t. · grouping of projects in the rivers and harbors act is . shown by brackets *Beverly Harbor.............. 473,455 · 3, 439:674 ~~~ amacce, and the asterisks indicate projects for whlcl:L no apprpprlatlon. was *SalemHarbor ..... : ······-··· _ 97,378 281,030 • • made. ·. • 1r;or footnotes see end of table.!

7508 - ,CONGRESSIONAL R.ECORD-SENA.TE. SEPTEMBER 29,

TABLE III,-Name and location of the watenoayg and J.tar~rB of the Un,ted 8fates~ etc.-Continued.

Co~eree for 19]1).

Name and location of im­provement.

l-------,,.-------1 A¥Kf?~~n an~ Freight, net I Estimated harbors bill.

HASSA.CHUSETTs-continued.

*Lynn Harbor ........... -·---· Mystic and Malden Rivers ...• *Dorchester Bay and Neponset

lliver.

tons. value.

385,761 3, 784, i89

181,250

11,539,199 19,960,089

1,109,816

•w cymouth. Fore River __ . __ • 148, 149 976,695 •Weymouth Back River...... 206, 3Z3 4,616, 218 •Plymouth Harbor. . . . . . . . • . . 37, 103 214, 992 *ProvincetoVI'll Harbor .....•.. -········· ...•.................. *Boston Harbor............... .••••••••.... .. . 2289,927;436 *Chels aCreek................ 385,982 6,267,640 *Fort Point Channel.......... 1,356,0&7 19,574,769 *Pollock Rip Shoals ....•••••...••••.••••.......•••••.........• •Hyannis Harbor............. 3,891 86,783 •NantucketHarbor........... 45,83& 1,968,137 *Woods Hole Channel. ..••. ~-. 59, 925 3, 714,068 •w oods Hole Harbor. . . . • . . • • 18,265 596, 956 *Woods Hole Strait........... 41,660 3,117,112 *New Bedford and Fairhaven 1,626,226 52,408,202

Harbors. *TauntonRiver............... 107,968 454,011 *Fall River Harbor........... 1,393, 654 57, 838,'&J7

Total. .• ··--··:--··--··· a 18,393,8751 462,924,553

RRODE ISLAND. I *Pawtucket River. . . . . . . . . . . . 458, 362 5, 677, 875 *Providence River and Harbor. 3, 739,546 290, 654,307 •Newport Harbor............. 223,174 5, 761, 963 *PointJudithHarborofRefuge .•...•...•.•.....••........ ! .... ;I<EntrancetoPointJudithPond •......••....................... !i'Blockisland Harbor.ofRefuge 5,976 236,986 *Great Salt Pond............. 9, 680 600, 656

Total .•.•......•••.•...•

lUIODE ISLAND AND CONNEC­TICU:r.

4,436, 738 302, 931,787

For maintenance, $24,000.

-

Pawcatuck River. . • • . • . • . . • • . 39,073 494, 752 I ~==========4============1 For main~nce,

CONNECTICUT. $10,000. New London Har-

*Stonington Harbor of Refuge ..•••. -·......... . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . bor, completing *Mystic River................. 49,668 144,412 improvement, New London Harbor.......... 786,551 117, 779, 117 $160,000. · Thames River. . . . . • . . . . . . . . • . 389,161 9, 648, 479 Connecticut River. • . . . • . • . . . . 641, 562 39, 835, 837 For Imvrovement

and mamtenance,

*Duck Island Harbor of Refuge .•••••••.......•••••••.......... *Branford Harbor............. 32,227 145, 503 NewHavenHarbor........... 1,792,856 99,561,097 *M.iliord Harbor............... 13,312 68,325 Housatonic River ...•••• ·-.... 141,583 1, 549,338 BridgeportHarbor............ 1,135,6Z3 71,061,781 NorwalkHarbor ...•....• _.... 237,391 33,174,097 *FivemileRiverHarbor....... 2,498 _31,399 Stamford Harbor.............. 356,768 17,843,810 *Southport Harbor............ ·20 1,200 Greenwich Harbor ••••••. ____ 96,632 2,656, 781J *W cstport Harbor and Sauga:- 6, 033 25, 857

tuck River.

Total.................... 5,681,885 j F========~=======l

393,525,032

$70,100.

For maintenance, $71,000.

VERMONT. I *llurlington Harbor ..••..•••• _ 23, 284 2, 219,900 *St. Albans Ha:rbor. ~ •...••.. -~-----4-44-f·----3_2_, 000--11 For maintenance,

Total.. ..••..••••.•••• _.. 23,728 2,251,900 N~r~s of Lake

NI:W YORK AND VERMONT.

Narrows of Lake Champlain ... ~37, 791 5,425,524

:NEW YORK.

*Plattsburg Harbor........... 6,808 971,250 Port Henry Harbor .......••.•.•••.•.•.......•..••.•.......... *Port Chester Harbor......... 206,556 9, 976,999 *Mama.roneckHarbor......... 57,583 1,132,866 *Echo nay Harbor............ 104,.518 2/042, 530 East Chester Crook............ • 139,798 776, 331 *Westchester Creek. . . . . . . . . • . • 220, 912 • 4118, 393 *Bronx River................. ~ 1, 164,090 f I, 732, 725 * augertiesHarbor............ 94,758 2,279,350 *Rondout Harbor............. 369,019 2,402, 190 Peekskill Harbor ........ :..... 152,854 3, 777, 619 *Tarrytovm Harbor........... 102, 251 1, 637 r341 *Wappinger Creek ...... _..... 43, 315 5, 259, 423 *Port Je:fierson Harbor........ 20, 746 1,132, 325 *Mattituck Harbor............ 1,312 4,875 *IIuntington Harbor.......... 42,863 260,722 *Hempstead Harbor. . . . • . . . . • 3, 644, 716 1,687, 441 *Great South Bay... . . . . . . . . . . 18, 434 132, 884 *Browns Creek................ 8, 99 97,375 *Hudson River.... . . . . . . . . . . • . 3, 211, 739 59, 197, 000 *Lock at Troy. . . . . . . . . . • . . • . . 332,213 5,691, 100

Total ........•.......•.. ~ 8,418,683 ~ 97, 683, 290-

[For footnotes see end ot tabl«:;.l

Champlain, .for . i m p r o vement

P~~xiry Har-bor, completing improvement, $71,500.

!EastChester Creek,

completing im­provement, 111,000.

!For maintenance, $3,500.

TABLE III.-Name ontl loe~Uotl of the 'WatertoafiB and harbot·s of "tlle U11ited States. etc.-Continued.

Oommerce for 1915.

Name and location of im­provement.

t------..,.-------1 A~Kf~P~}~~n an~

~·

NEW YORK BAY AND HARBO.R.

Ambrose, .Main Shi'p, and Gednev Cba.nmlls. • · B~ Ri~ and Red Hook

hanne . Coney Island Channel. .•....••

Hudson River Channel.. ••.••.

East River and Hell Gate •••••

Fxeight, net tons.

17,885,893

10,416,118

~.00,861

63,458,291

'i~, 'li8, 177

-.

Estimated value.

$2,216,337,518

520, 805, 900

~,949, 7-95

6, 410, 144, TI9

~.192, 206,408

*Walla bout Channel.......... 1, 245,689 15,660, 163 •Gowanus Crook Channel.··-· · 658,000 354,000 *Harlem River ...•. ·-......... 15, 096, '1.69 1, 538, 506, 583 •Newt-Own Creek •. ·-.......... 5, 700,102 147,086,860 •Flushing Bay .... - .•.. -~.... 677, ~tiO 1, 006,295 •Jamaica Bay................. 750, 867 7, !H9, 795 *Sheepshead Bay.·-········-· IJ,654 82,756 •staten Island Sound......... 28,288,936 489,328,780 Channel between Staten Is- ····-····--···· ···········--~-· land and Ho.ffman and

Swinburne Islands.

Total ..• _........ .• • • • • • '• 220,<699, 023 71115,548,626,371 NEW .lE.J!SEY.

*Newark Eay and Passaic River ...........•........•••

*Hnckensaclr River. __ .....••• Woodbridge Creek ....•.•.•.•• Raritan "Bay .....•...• _ ..•.••• Keyport Harbor ..•..•...•.•.• *Matawan Creek ...••••...••.• *Raritan River ......•.......•• *South River ........ --~---··· *Elizabeth River .•..•...•..••• *Shoal Harbor and Compton

Creek. -

4,240,291 795,563 67,610

10,137,1390 • 59,790

11,974 1,102,594

111,226 ·28,383 20,598

9"7, 09~, 474 2, 731,544

305,740 137, 298, 379

1,855,003 44,603

69,156,343 513,461 69~027 523,560

*Cbeesequa:ke Creek........... 23,402 158,437 Shrewsbury River............ 141,012 3,993,348 Cooper River.................. Z37,099 3,415,845 Woodburv Creek.............. 11,270 38,390 *.Mantua Crook ....•.•..•...• ·-· 14.5,352 · I, 731,320 Raccoon Creek . . . . . . • • . • . • . . . • 89, 638 844, 290 OldmansCreek................ 60,438 423,875 *Salem River.................. 73,98() 1,829,608 Alloway Creek................ 19,34.3 939,015 Cobansey River. . . . . . • • . . . . . . . 6'3, 802 898, ~72

harbors bill.

)

New York Harbor: For maintenanoo of entrance chan­nels and im­provement or ·~K~.r bay,

For fui:provement, 1810,500.

For a 4Q-ioot chan­nel, $1,250,000.

New project; $50,000.

For maintenance~ $58,·000.

For maintenance, $23,000.

Maurke R i v11r, for improvement and main t e· nance, $25,000.

Maurice ~iver..... .•.•...•. .•• 195,160 1,519,598 *Cold sprma Inlet .•......•..••.•••••••••.......•••... ·····-···} :-bsecon lnere!.::..:. ...••. ; .• :..... 5, 237 3, 025,105 For maintenance,

Absecon """"-·. .. •.•••...• .. 3,699 115,010 '$3" 000 Tuckerton Creek.............. 21,997 001,929 "• • *Toms River.................. 4,997 30,750

Total.................... 17,672,351 330,083,121>

NEW JERSEY AND pE,~ VANIA.

Delaware "R1ver: At Trenton ..•...........•••••... : ........••••.•...•...... Trenton to Philadelphia . . _1, 782,422 16,196,779

NEW JERSEY, PENNBYL V ANIA1 AND DELAWARE.

Delaware River: Philadelphia to the sea .••.

Total, Delaware River .•

PENNS"tLVANi.!.

Government iron pier, near

26,189,790 1, 116, 529,839

27,972, "21.2 1, 132, 726,618

For mainterumce, $40,000.

For imJ?rOve~nt and mamtenance, $1,870,000.

For maintenance, 550,000.

Lewes....................... • • • • • • • • • . . • • . . . • • • • . • • . . . . • . . • . For maintenance

~J~~KI~e;_~1~~:::::::: Mispillion River ..•••••...••••• *Smyrna River ••.••••••••••••.

!tflli~~~:re~:::: :::::::::::: *St. Jones River ...•.• _.····-·-Broa.dkill River .............. . Waterway between Rehoboth

Bay-and Delaware Bay.

• 29,775 32,945 31,778 18,580 12,4o2

5,889 7,063 5,879

- 13,655

P1,422,425 1,012,955 1,014,346

470,418 248,020 107,047 171,480 91,915

303,239

Tot:al....... •••••.•.•. •• . 547,-739 98,537,339 IFor footnotes see end of table.].

and repair, $63,000.

For maintenanoo, $30,000.

For improvement and maintenance, $50,000.

.,

1917. .CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· SENATE. 7509 T.A:BLN III.-Name ana location of fhe watencays ana harbors ot the

United St-ates, etc.-Continued.

Name and location of im­provement.

DELAWABE, MARYLAND, AND VIRGINIA..

Waterway from Delaware Bay to Chincoteague Bay.

MARYLAND.

*Susquehanna River ....••.... Baltimore Harbor and Chan-

nels.

*Rockhall Harbor •.•.•........ Queenstown Harbor ....... · ..• C'laibome Harbor ..•......•.•. *Tilghman Island Harbor ..... *Cam bridge Harbor ..........• ~isfi.eld Harbor ..•..•.......• *Elk aud Little Elk Rivers .•. *Chester River ...••........... Corsica River .....••..........

~~~~~ 1U~~::: :::::::::: *Warwick River ..•••.•.•••••• *La Trappe River .••••••• .-••• *Tred A von River •••••.•.•••• *WicomicoRiver ••••••.••...• *Manokin River ••••..•.••••.• *Pocomoke River ••••••..•...• •slaughter Creek •••••...•...•• Tyaskin Creek ....••.•....•.. *Broad Creek ..•.•..•....•..•. *Twitch Cove and Big Thor-

oughfare River ...•..... •••.. Lower Thoroughfare, Deal

Island ..........••••••....•.

Total •• ·"··············· DELAWARE AND KABYLA.ND.

*Nanticoke River .. •...•.....• *NW. Fork Nanticoke Rlver .•

DELAWABE.

•.Brood Creek River •.......•..

DlS'l"RICT OF COLUMBIA..

•Anacostia River •........•.... Potomac River, at Wnshing­

ington.

MARYLAND.

· Potomac River, at Lower Cedar Point ..•••••..........

VIRGINIA.

•PotomacR!ver-tatA.lexandria. •Occoquan uerur ..•........... * .Aq uio. Creek ..• •.•.•.....•.•.

=~~Eiliu M&~~~~~-~~~-·. ·.:: :: Norfolk Harbor and channels ..

Channel to Newport News. Rappahannock River ........ . Mattaponi River ............. . Pamunkey River ..•.......... *Urbana Creek ............•... *Miliord Haven Harbor •.•••..

1o.mes River ..•...••.......... Nansemond River ••••......•. *Pagan River ....•...••••..••. Appomattox River .•••.....••.

*Thimble Shoals Channel ...•. *Cape Charles City Harbor .... •waterway on the coast of

Virginia. *Onancock River .....••.•...•

Commerce for 1915.

~--------,~---------I A~Kf~~~~: an~ Freight~ net

tons.

10,601

200,990 15,762,942

18,096 18,670 21,300 19,546 87,384

357,335 44,933 40,932 44,300 49,586 2,208 8,541 6,949

25,872 96,253 25,623 t 34,653 22,800 6,334

13,503

~.237

Estimated value.

1247,568

1,944,605 452, 040, 202

514,630 3~,907

1,502, 780 499,820

1,631,616 5,197,650

168,376 . 983..960

&42,600 2,540,465

171,415 383,670 340,750 936,000

2,717,635 U1,350

1,137,360 1,156,350

194,440 314,300

181,065

1-------------~----------~1 13,580 218,430 .

16,921,567 476, "303, 436

38,341 13,268

1,287,525 299,605

37,141 312,845

ZT7,m 741,170

19,430,232 10,138,231

harbors bill.

For maintenance, $1,000.

For mamtenanoo and improve.. ment, $354,000.

For maintenanoo, # $15, !lX>. .

1=========!=========~=1 1 2,698 141,400 For maintenance,

$30,000. .

138,660 3,121,869 57,739 259,351 11,424 79,020 11,528 215,655 18,928 451,831

21,712,166 2, 042,335,814 }For improvement, 7,327,932 438,965, 4{)5 $900,000.

233,161 6,458,344 52,737 811,030 ~ Fo< maintm>ance,' 47,004 212,343 16,527 339,861 $15,000.

7,933 402,210 r maintm>ance, 526,468 51,899,841 ~,ooo. 50,351 570,738 Continuing im-49,194 12,089,700 yrovement of 46,600 3,318,908 ames ' River,

S46,<XXJ. 4,333,494 264,197,082 3,003,388 203, 418, 929

32,262 63,962

21,046 1,640,525

~Blackwater River •.....•.... ·l-------l-------1! 3,622 ~7,880 I

Total ...•.....• •..•.•••.

NORTH CABOLINA..

•Meherrin River ..•••..••..•.• Roanoke River .•••••.•.••.•••.

VIRGINIA AND NORTH CARo-LINA.

Waterway, Norfolk to Bean­fort Inlet'.

·~~~;;;_!y&~~.lk to North

37, 792,1M 3, 031,.100, 298

:~~ 10 1,354-, 428 10 2,.226, .858

158,644 4,316, 776

.413,679 10,]10,650

1========9========1 [For footnotes see end or table.]

For m&intenanoe, $2,i00.

For improvement,. $100,000. .

T.A:BLE III.-Name ana location of the warerways ana harbors of th8 United States, etc.-Continued.

Commerce for 1915.

Nii.me and location of im­provement.

1------~-----1 Appropriation. . in 1917 rivers and harbors bill.

NOMH CABOI.lNA.

Manteo Bay .•••.•..• -•••• ' ••••• Scuppernon§ River •..••••••.. Pamlico an Tar Rivers •..••• •south River ••••..••..••••••• *Bay River .••••.••••.••...••. Neuse River ••• ·- •••. ~- •••.••• Trent River .•••••.••..••.••••• *Fishing Creek •••.••. ~ • ..••... Contentnea Creek .••••.. ·n. ·-*Swift Creek .......•••.•.••• -~ *Smith's Creek ....•••••......• *Waterwal from swan Quar-

ter Ba~ o Deep Bay. *Cape okout Harbor of

Refuge. Waterway from P.amlico

Sound to Beaufort Inlet. Beaufort llarbor .••.......•... Morehead City Harbor ...••... *Waterway connecting Core

Sound and &laufort.Harbor. Beaufort Inlet ................. Inland waterway from Beau-

fort to Jacksonville, N.C.: *Beaufort to Swansboro ...• *Swansboro toN ew River .• *Swansboro tb J acksoiiVille.

Northeast River .•••.•.•..••.• Black River .......•..••....•.• Cape Fear River:

*Above Wilmington ....... At and below Wilmington.

•Shallotte River ••••• · .•...••..

Total .•..•.••••..•.•..•.

SOUTH CABOUN'A.

Charleston Harbor and chan-nels,including Ashley River.

Winyah Bay •......••..• : •••.. *Waccamaw River ...•...••... *Little Pedee River •.•...•.... Great Pedee River .•.......... *Santee River and Estherville-

Minim Creek Canal. *Wateree River ......•. •.•••.. Congaree River ...... . : ........ *Inland waterway from

Charleston to Alligator Creek.

Total •••• -- •••••••.••••••

SOUTH CAB.OLlNA, G.lWRGIA, AND FLOXIDA,

Waterway from Beaufort, S.C. to St. Johns River, Fla:

Beaufort to Savtinnah ..... Savannah to Fernandina •• *Fernandina to St. Johns

River.

Total .....••••••..••••••

GEORGIA..

Savannah Ha.bor ..•• ..•...••. Savannah River:

*Above Augusta •.......•• Below Augusta .••••••••••

.Brunswick Harbor ••.•• ~--~-

Altamaha River .••••.......•. Oconoo River ...... _ •••••••.. Ocmulgee River ..•.••••••••••. *Sai?elo Harbor ...•..•.••••••. Danen Harbor ...•.•...•. -- ··· *Cow head River •.• ·- ...•••••. Satilla River .......••..•....•• *Club and Plantation Creeks .• Fancy Bluff Creek. •••..•.••••

Total ..••.•••. ~········· GEORGIA. AND FLOiill>A.

St. Marys River .••.•••••••••••

FLORIDA.

FreigJit, net tons.

12,110 9,448

286,716 34 643 18:748

429,590 183,611

~·~ 15,572

5,896 12,726

. ................. 140,093

169,712 12,363 13,452

~9,585

40,320 13,013 30,613

68,116 22,534

' 100,030 709,570

6,290

112,578,927

2,314,250

183,746 83 M8 }.442

1,758 25,376

··········4;324" 10,818

2,639,362

\

62496 157;932 58,187

278,615

2,890,130

J·m ' _500,911

76,763 41,925

~·:& oo;373

483 67,398 30,067 2,513

3,793,3851 100,894

Estimated value.

1557,551 389 478

:r,oo7;~2 219, 32 399,143

6,240,511 3, 578,289

34,926 146,975 111,826 145,928 473,181

................... 2,162,199

2,948,604 678,606 382,936

1,112,937

M3,133 190,155

. ·216,543

1 -263 ·962 1312;255

1,675,002 46,638,404

308,762

1178,270,026

222,881,814

4,'900, 821 1,203,570

72,703 446,956 7"11),902

..... ···656;560· 425,307

2.31, 358, 633

2, 712,693 3,000,62'P'

263,290

5,976,610

420,088,304

77,182 4,147,135

44,675,521

967,205 ~ 484 091 1,127:556

58,955 908,782 34,360

723,447 315,256

84,882

473,692, 676

1, 139,717

~f~~~v~bo.r. :. . . . •. . . 161,143 2, 732,197

l $15,500. -r-m~-

For . maintenance; $35,000.

{"" -mtenano&; . $85,000. . Cape Fear River

below Wilming. · ~on, -completing

Improvement, $35,000.

$50,000. ror malntenanoo; For improvement,

$70,000. .

~For m.dnlerum<:e, $70,000. l Oongaree River, for maintenance and improvement. $80,000.

t'' nn.,.ovement and mainte-nance, 143,000.

r·· maintenance; $380,000.

Savannah Harbor, for improvement, $500,000.

For maintenance, S33,250.

} For maintenance and improve-ment, $40,000.

For maintenance; $12,500.

Jacksonville to the oeean.. 2,313, 446 61,022,9441 · *Opposite Jacksonville.... 1,085,434 45,141,912 For maintenance, *JaCksonville to Palatka... 167,498 3,469,822 $335,000. *Palatka to Lake Harney. 151.487 2,663,596

[For footnotes see end of table.]

t7510 .CONGRESSIONAL RECOR.D-SENATE. SEPTEMBER 29,

!1.'..\.BLE III.__:_.Name and locatio" of tlte waterways and h{lt·'bors of the United States, etc.-Continued.

Commerce for 1915.

Name and location or im· provement. •

l------..,--------1 A¥~f~P~~~n an~

FLORIDA-{)()ntinued. *Lake Crescent and Dunns

Freight, net tons.

Estimated value.

luirbors bill.

Creek.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • • . 19,310 . $260, 682 \For maintenance, Oklawaha River............... 29,393 234,786 f $335,000.

• !For maintenance, Indian River.................. 36,966 1, 974,239 $6,000. •s~. L_ucie Inlet ............................................... Miami _Har"~?<>r, J{jam1 Harbor................. 388, 812 4, 746, 689 completmg nn· *KeyWestHarbor............ 1,069,177 27,308,195 provement,

. $100,000. Kissimmee River.............. 73,565 1, 164,045 Caloosahatchee River......... 69,340 1, 980,014 *Orange River................ 3, 490 143,300 Anclote River................. 11,269 990, 729 •Crystal River................ 2, 141 81,430 For maintenance, *Withlacoochee River......... 20, 789 195, 186 lll,OOO. *Suwanee River... . . . .. . •. •• • 7, 685 139, 525 *CharlotteHarbor............. 347,368 2,149,358 *Sarasota Bay........... . . . . . . 8, 5M 585,088 *Clearwater Harbor and Boca

Ceiga Bay .................. . T~pa Bay ... ~ ............. .. Hillsboro Bay ................ . St. Petersburg Harbor ....... . *Hillsboro River ............•• Manatee River ............... . *Carrabelle Bar and Harbor ... . Apalachicola Bay ............ . *St. Josephs Bay ..... ~- ••.•••• St. Andrews Bay ............. . Apalachicola River ........... . Chipola River ................ . Channel from Apalachicola

3,208 1,829,540 1,251,027

16,486 393,077

41,82!:1 . 14,851

22,947 3,438

130,479 94,418 10,419

775

166,444 44,319,230 34,699,112

679,623 6, 756,533 1,277,069

940,015 1,462,948

48,051 3,355,902 7,802,535

428 695 4:588

For maintenance, 166~500-

Hillsooro Bay, for improvement, $300,000.

River to St. Andrews Bay. For maintenance,

$77,500." l-----·l-----l Apafuchicola ·and

T tal 12 11 1 82 u ..,.,., 317 .IV\ Chipola Rivers, o .................... ,15 • 1 40'' •"SV\1 for improve-GEORGIA. ment, $18,000.

•Flint River ................. . GEORG~ AND ALABAMA..

~hattahoochee River ....•.••• FLORIDA.

Holmes River ................ . *Blackwater River .........•.. *Narrows in Santa Rosa Sound. *Pensacola Harbor ............ .

FLORIDA AND ALABAHA. Choctawhatchee River .•....•• Escambia and Conecuh Rivers.

.!LAB AHA.

23,603

70,105

:~/ll:~ u fr/1,166

30,466 85,000

Mobile Harbor................. 1,579,804 *Mobile Bar................... 976,286 Channel connecting Mobile ~. 744

Bay and Mississippi Sound. *Black Warrior and TombJg. 466,812

bee Rivers. Alabama River..... . . . .. • • • • • . 76, 417

1,696, B:18

7,869,299

13 7fr/ 508

!!i;~:m 1l 23:095:884

1,019,627 850,000

46,440,771 29,154, 70i

998,947

4,004,241

3,83l,OM ~---------1·-----------1

Total ........... ~ . . • • • • • • 3, 182, 063 ALABAMA AND GEORGIA.

*~oosa River ................. . ALABAMA AND MISSISSIPPI.

{['ombigbee River: Frlls~ mouth to Demopo-

Demopolis to Walkers Bridge.

49,074

200,092

34,233

84,429,727

1,955, 737

3,060,052

461,752

MISSlSSIPl'l. 1=======1=======1

Pascagoula Harbor and chan· 102,851 910,570 nels.

*Leaf River .................. .

For maintenance, $9,500.

{For maintenance, lin d improve-ment, $llO,OOO.

For maintenance, $5,000.

r•ntinuing im-rcrovement and or maintenance,

$50,000.

For maintenance, $30,000.

For maintenance, $10,000.

For improvement and mainte-nance, $113,000.

*Chickasahay River .......•••. Pascagoula River ...... : ...••. *WoUand Jordan Rivers ..... . *Pearl River ................. . East Pearl River ..........••.. *Biloxi Harbor ............... .

114,600 71,800

123,690 3G,656 30,650 85,162 54,512

401,200 168,500 601,050

1,065,005 155,048 706,775 573,917

)For maintenance,

$10,000.

Guliport Harbor and Ship Island Pass.

490,079 5,470,303

Yazoo River.................. 84,858 3, 183,603 Tallahatchie and Coldwater 59,439 2,311,489 · Rivers. Big·Sunllower River.......... 57,410 1,694,683 *Tchula Lake... . . . . . . . .. .. . • . 744 35, 902 •steele and Washington Ba- 2, 286 42,781

yous and Lake Washington. •Bear Creek .......... : ........

1 ____ 2_,_850 __

1 ____ 24_, 6_28_

1 Total............ ....... 1,317,587 17,346,054

[For footpotes see end of table.)

For improvement and mainte-nance, SBO,OOO.

For maintenance, $20,000.

TABLE III.-Name ana location of the waterways and harbors of the United States, etc.-Continued.

Commerce for 1915. ~

Name and location of im· provement.

1-------:-------1 Appropriation Jn 1917 rivers and harbors bill.

LOUISLL'U.

Passes at the mouth of the Mississippi River.

*Bayou La Fourche .......... . Bayou Terrebonne .•....•.••.. Bayou Grosstete ............ .. Bayou Plaquemine Grand

River, and Pigeon ':Bayous. *Plaquemine Lock ........... . Bayou Teche ................ . *Keystone Lock, Bayou Teche. Waterway from the MissJs.

sippi River to the Sabine River:

Franklin-Mermentau Be()o tion.

Mermentau-Calcasieu se()o tion.

Freight, net tons.

6, 536,132

242,167 158,841 142,344 738,142

99,746 510,695

5,106

,. 4,485

Calcasieu-Sabine section... H, 308 *Schooner Bayou Lock........ 1,145 Lake Pontchartrain........... 491,364 *Pass Manchac....... . . . . . • .. . 37, 268 Ch;;w;,~te River and Bogue 283, 298

Tickfaw River and tributa- 42,684 ries.

Amite River and Bayou Man· 84, 201 chac.

Atchafalaya River .... :. . . . • • . 558, 510

•Atchafalaya Bay Ship Chan- 39,561 nel.

Estimated value.

$368,825, 630

4,079,114 3,578,182

650,808 8,085,899

2,424,441 6,091,468

59,401

2i5,094

601,122 148,015

5,172,532 930,912

1,470, 795

438,689

1,367,075

~254,050

563,10i

For improvement and maintenance, $1,825,000.

For maintenance, $64,000.

For maintenance, $7,000.

Completing Mer­mentau-Sabine section1 $230,000 (proviaed local interests con­tribute an equal amount).

For maintenance, $4,000.

Lake Pontchar-tmin, complet­ing improvement, $32,000. .

For maintenance, $20,000.

Bayou Vermilion. . . . . . . . . . • . • 21, 208 268, 954] Mermentau River and tribu· 23,935 916, 645

taries. For Improvement *Bayou des Cannes........... 7,216 65,164 and maintenance, Bayou Plaquemine Brule..... 6, 916 69, 753· 151,000. *Bayou Queue Tortue.. ...... 5,259 78,854 <'-alcasieu River and Pass...... 695, 431 3, 687, 473 •Johnsons Bayou.............. 2, 269 111,192

r-------1------=---H For maintenance, Tot.al.~............ •• •• . 1~ 10, 785, 454 1~ 415,687, 656 $110,000.

TEXAS.

Sabine.Pass ............•••.••. Port Arthur Canal ........... . Sabine-Neches Canal. ........ . •sabine River ..•.. ~ ........••• *Neches River .•••.•...•..••••

LOuisiANA •

*Boeuf River ................. . *Tensas River and Bayou Ma­

con. •Bayous D' Arbonne and Cor·

ney . .

AltKANSAS AND LOUISIANA.

Red River, below Fulton ...... Ouachita and Black Rivers .•. •Bayou Bartholomew ....•••..

ARKANSAS.

•Saline River ................ .

ARKANSAS AND TEXAS.

~~ 6, 001,885 u 4,533,864

lo 543,157 15 541,260 u 295,985

115,390 112,802

1125,031

J7 27,325 11 97,451 171,150

t7 2,550

15 100, 524,639 10 77, 765, 725

16 4, 723,692 16 3, 876, 957 15 I, 843,407

11571,036 u 71,699

11 830,555

171,895,867 112,108,146

17 2,675

1718,750

Sabine Pass and Port Arthur Ca­nal, for improve­ment, $300,000.

For maintenance, $65,000.

*Sulphur River. . . . . .. . • . . . • . • • • • • • • • . . . • • • • • . . • • • • • . .. .. . . . . . For maintenance; *Red River above Fulton..... 1, 264 4, 280 }

LOUISIANA AND TEXAS. $5,000.

CypressBayouand Waterway 11,444 641,361 from Jefferson, Tex., to Shreveport.

TEXAS.

GalvestonHarbor............. 6,231,575 575,170,302 ) ' Galveston Channel............ 5, 336,889 510, 7«, 587 For maintenance, Texas City Channel.. . . .. . • • • . 309,789 41, 468, 434 $480' 000 Port Bolivar Channel......... 1.82, 450 7, 559,765 ' • E;ouston Ship Channel........ 1,656, 347 31,406,916 Anahuac Channel............. 21, 128 510,0 21 Double Bayou................ 5, 853 316,792 *MouthofTrinityRiver...... 5,337 171,263 • Turtle Bayou................. 15,791 338, 819 Cedar Bayou.................. 96,310 1, 339,400 For maintenance, Clear Creek.................... 8, 570 26, 898 $33,300. *Dickinson Bayou............ 1,391 3,474 Chocolate Bayou ..................... •• · • · ... · ••••• ••· · · .. · · · ·1 *Bastrop Bayou............... 5, 730 219,789

~K:i~~~~:::::::::::::::::: ········i20;389" ······a;053;072"\ For improvement and maintenance; $100,000.

[For footnotes see end of table.]

1917 . .. L • eONGRESSIONAL llECORil-SENATE~ ~5I:l

TABLE III.-Nan~ and locatfon of t1le watencavs and hat'bOt"8 or the· ' TABLE TU.-:.\Tame and ·locatlo~ or the watertCIJ1/8 ancl harbors of the UJJ.it£4 .StD.te~ • .e.to.-:Contin.ued. ·1 Urli.tecl Etates, .etn~-Cnntlnued.

ColiUllerOO foJ 1915. 1 Commerce for 1915.

1-~------,,-----'--1 AY~P~~!~ an~l Name and location of im· 1--------,,--------l A-Y8f~P~f~~i~n an~ Nama and location of im­proveme]1.t. Freight, net

tons. · Estimated

value. harbors bill. ' pr-ovement. Freight, net · Estimated harbors bill.

tons. value.

TEXAS-continued.

Inland Waterway from Gal­veston to Corpus Christi:

West Galveston to Br!lzos River.

Brazos River to Matagorda Bay.

Pass Cavallo to Aransas Pass.

~~'Guadalupe River to Vic­toria.

Aransas Pass to Corpus ChristL

~a.nnel !rom Pass Cavallo to Port Lavaca.

Freeport Harbor .•••••••...•..

I e

9,064

3,032

63,110

26,803

1-49,S35

11,054,150

1~1,356

36,040

2,479,358

5, 746,466

FOI' m.ahltena.noe, !90,000.

For malntenanoe, .$66,000; !or im~ provement, $150,000. •

•Bl"8.1:os River ... ., ........... ··-- ~ ·--········ ·••••••········· ~inity River................ 6, 816 130,483

Total •.••..••.•• ·-...... 11 26J 111, 860 181, 37.0, 691,866

.All.KA.NSA.S AND ·OKLAHOMA.

Arkansas River ••.............

ARKANSAS AND )liSSOUBL .

Black River ...•••••••.••.••••. Current River .•. . •...•.•......

All. KANSAS.

White Riv~r ............•.. •• . "'Lock No.2, U ppcr White River St. Francis and L' Anguille

Rivers and Blaakfisb Dayou. "'Cache River ................ .

INT.EltfnA'fE RIVERS.

39,966

128,262 6,371

165,230 8,232

146,442

36,423

800,868 For maintenance, $3S,OOO.

467,199 81,855

For maintenance, $28,700 . •

838,414 39,688

462,500 ~ ~

78,903

Mississippi River: *.Reservoirs at headwaters .. - •• - ••....••.... - ••• - ....•. -.. ·rll'or ma.I'ntenance,

. Mississippi and Leech ~. 000 916, 000 S2,000. Rivers, Minn. Improv.ement of

Bralnerd to Gn.nd RapidsJ Z66, 700 1, 473,000 Mississippi and M.inn. • Lee~h Bivers,

$50,()()(J . .•. ' Minneapolis to Missouri

River. Missouri Rivor to Ohio

River: Freight traffic .......•. Ferry traffic .......... . Sand barged ......... . Government materials

*Cairo to Memphis ..•..•.. *.Memphis to Vicksburg- .. •Vicksburg to New Orleans

Missouri Ri\'er: Fort Benton to Sioi.IX City.

Sioux City to Kansas City.

KanJ;as City to the mouth.

Ohio River: Through locks and npon

river. Ferry tra:ffi.o .••............

¥INNESOT.A.

lt 1, 883, 668

258,501 4,107,957

592,788 12M, 119

2,193,026 2,198,814 2, 712,022

17,976

101,822

21614il0

71346,:158

1,926,826

52, 785, 118 For maintenance and improve­ment, $1,200,000.

14• 013

• 520

)For mainterumca 39, 043,344 and improv6-L16,465 212,615 ment, $350,000.

Not reported. Note.-AP.propria· . .•.. do......... tions lor the .•.•• do......... ~!~o~~J>J>r!

642,090

55,774

7,516,373

50,906,170

137,604, 744

the sundry civil bill.

For maintenance, $50,000.

For maintenance, $35,000.

For improvement and maintenance 11,000,000.

}For improvement, $5,000,000.

*1dlnnesota River ..............•.••••....................... . . Warroad Harbor and River... 12,290 373, 120 Zippelllay,L~keofU>.eWoods 775 81,500

:WNlliESOTA AND NOR'l'll DAKOTA..

•Red River of the North ...... "125 10,000 For maintenance, MINNESOTA. AND SOU'l'H

$3,00().

DA.KOT<\,

•Lake TrllVCl'S6 ....... .. ...... :w,ooo 307,423

lf.INNESOTA AND Wl".SCONBIN.

•st. CroL~ River ..•..•.•.•••... 7,172 14~,000

ILLINOIS. •

*Galena River................ 6,762 33,810 "'lltlnois a.nd Mississippi Canal. 82, 276 96, 828

[For footnotes see end of table.]

YISSOURL

Osage River ......•.• : •.••••••• Gasconade River ..••.•.•••••••

IU..NS~.

22,083 22,037

1330 999 lFor. improvement 340• 876 ~mdmain.tenance,

, $20,000.

Kansas River ............... , ..•.••••••••• ~ .....••.••••••••••. New project. · For improvement, 110,000, provided local interest:~ contributa $70,000.

PENNSYL V ANU.

*All~~~l-~~:~ •.•••••.. ~. Below Natrona ••.•••••••..

4<Youghiogheny River ..•••••.. Pittsburgh Harbor .•.•..••...•

PENNSYLVANIA .uiD WEST vmorNJA.

•Monongahela River' ••...•.•..

WEs-r vmGINIA. *Little Kanawha Ri:ver •.. : •• • *Kanawha River ...••..•......

omo. •Muskipgum River •..••••••...

INDIA:NA.

•Wabash Ri-ver .............. .

WEST VIRGINlA AND KENTUCKY.

*Big Saodv River.,~.. including ' Tug ~md:Levlsa 1' arks. •

n:ENTUCKT.

•Kentucky River .•... •• .••.•. *Green and Barren Rlvers •••• *Rough River ...... ··-·· .. ·-·

TENNESSEE.

*French Broad and Little Pigeon Rivers.

*Clinch River . . ...••.•....•...

TENNESSEE AND KElff'O'CitY.

Cumberland River: Above Nashville ........ :.

Below Nashville ..•••• : .. .

TENNESSEE, ALABAMA, A."'> KENTUCKY,

Ten.uessee Rlver:

.278,870 1,899,654

174,001 12,622,955

11,815,085

86,169 1,351,902

114,632

452

152,139

208,766 189,972

.12,.D04

8,866

5,291

'266,639

126,949

%Z7,434 5,~,~~

28,169:463

28,979,879

1,053,615

17,518

1,520, 501

..2,634,328 4,125,972

l39,2M

3.22,686

53,910

· -t; 317,061 For m.af.ntelumce, $5,000.

2, 172,058 For improvement, $632,000.

Above Ch ttanooga. • • . . . . -402, 622 3, 403, 995] *Hales Bar Look.......... 15, 685 866, 046 Hales Bar to Browns Is- 111,328 9,311,081 For maintenance

land. and improve-*Brownslsland toFlorinoo 7, 982 686,096 ment, 1401,000. *Colbert Shoals CanaL.... 3.2, 271 3a2, 150 Below Riverton........... 471. 006 5, 62-1, 90S

'fim GBE.AT LAKES.

Lake Superior: *Grand Marais Harbor,

Minn. Agato Bay Harbo~.~..:wnn .. Duluth-Superior .t1e.rbor,

Minn. and Wis. *Port Wing Harbor, Wis. Ashland Harbor, WtS .. •.. Ontonagon Harbor, Mi.ch. Keoweenaw Waterway,

Mich. *Harbor of Refuge, Mar·

quette Bay, Mich. *Marquette Harbor, Mich. Harbor of Refuge, Grand

Marais, Mich. -"

Total. ...•..•••.......

1==========1==========!

4,298

9,963,107 40,494,672

1,432 6,534.410

4,007 2,462,929

.2,419,G56

1,470,233 -710

63~356,154

m,949

22,516,664 368, 802, 154

78,041 15,378,873

395,748 u.o, 414,125

5,620,005

5,047,197 115,700

528, 596, 456

For ma.interumoe; $175,000.

Ashland Harbor; completing im· p r o v e me n .t. $10,000.

Ship channel between Chi­cago Duluth and Builalo:

*Si. MarysRiver.......... 71,290,304 882,263,141 }For maintenance;

.~Ee~~~l~;~r?~.:::::: ~;m:~~ 1,g~;~;~~~ $1ss,ooo. 1=========1========1

Lake Michigan: *Manistique Harbor, Mich. 293,513 3 713 788 } •Menominee Harbor and 417,217 8;ass;773 For maintenance;

River, Mich. and Wis. $52,100. *Oconto Harbor. Wis...... 3,400 169,330

[For footnotes see end of table.]

l7512 CONGRESSIONAL --RECORD-SENATE .. SEPTEl\IBER 29,

TABLE III.-Name and. Zocation of the watertoays ancJ 1iar)ors ot the United States, etc.-Continued.

Commerce for 1915.

Name and locat ion of im· provement .

1------------~---------l AYff~P~!~~an~

'IiiE GREAT LAKEs-contd.

Lake Michi~n-Continued. *Green Bay Harbor, Wis •• *!Jspere Harbor, Wis ..••.. Sturgeon Hay and Lake

Michigan Ship Canal. *Algoma Harbor, Wis ..... •Kewaunee Harbor, Wis .. Two Rivers Harbor, Wis •. Manitowoc Harbor, Wis ... SheboyganHarbor, Wis .•• *Port Washington Harbor,

Wis. Milwaukee Harbor, Wis .•. *Racine Harbor, Wis ..•••. Kenosha Harbor, Wis .• : •. *Waukegan Harbor, Wis .. *FoxRiver, Wis .......•..

Chicago Harbor and River, Ill. .

lllinois River, Ill ......... . Calumet Harbor, Ill., and

Calumet River, Ill. and Ind.

Indiana Harbor, Ind ...••. *.Michigan City Harbor,

lnd.

Freight, :r;tet tons.

821,106 34 068

539;695

16,330 196,915 47, 8f!1

1,586,808 665,502 19,560

8,119,875 247,441 73,268

229,316 149,872

3,259,170

239,677 6,968,660

2,001,374 15,370

Estimated value.

$8,381,00 154.536

11,956,223

777,221 8,468,525

198,596 58,507,281 9,592,218

349,277

150,348,921 7,000, 797 7,950,8.59 4,477,635

815,659

241, 530, 509

3,702,832 135, 960, 965

14, 191,028 223,548

st. Joseph Harbor and 104, 192 4, 975,736 River Mich.

SouthHavenHarbor,Mich. 27,435 1,818,645 *Saugatuck Harbor and 31,491 672,035

Kalamazoo River Mich. Holland Harbor, Mich..... 30,426 4,264,538 Grand Haven Harbor, 663,229 49,489,697

Mich. *Grand River, Mich....... 55,143 117, 034 :M:uskegonHarbor,Mich... 115,035 8,244,279 White Lake Harbor :M.ich. 10,071 335,941 'Ludington Harbor, Mlch.. 1, 781,329 57,159,037 'ManisteeHarbo&_Mich.... 90,&2 1, SS.,157 •Portage Lake Harbor of 2,041 265,175 Refu~e. .

•Arcadia Harbor, Mich.... 10,983 163,239 Frankfort Harbor, Mich... 718,899 21,806,293 Charlevoix Harbor~~iich.. 172,052 1,574,763 *Pet.oskey Harbor,.111ich... 1, 291 192,921 *Pentwater Harbor, Mich .

1 _____ 6,_06_1_

1 ___ .;...·· _184_,_29_~_ 1

Total. .••••.......•••••• 29,766,554 830,004,346 LakeHuron: l======t======l

*Mackinac Harbor, Mich.. 17,217 1,482,605 *Cheboy·ga.nHarbor,Mlch. 139,268 1,368,913 *RogersCityHarborhMich. 9,415 334,450

t~e!l3~~~~~r~ch·.:::: l,~~:~ r:~~:~ Har~ Beach, Harbor of 18,645 359,908

Refuge, Mich. *Black River at Port Hu· 126,890 796,846

ron, Mich. ClintonRiver,Mich....... 14,352 31,777 ·Rouge River :Mich........ 1,651,823 3,759,224

1------------1·-----------1 Total............... 3,300, 345 13,122,932

Lake Erie: l======·l======ll •MonroeHarbor,Mich..... 8.480 110,000 U'oledo Harbor, Ohio...... 7,416,834 3~,953,807

~~~to~~~o~g~~: 3,~;~ 12,~;~ Huron ~bor~hlo...... I,~,~ 4,089,159

~~~~ Qhl~~~::: 7,010,460 20,6~~:~~ Cleveland Har&;r, Ohio... 12,631,442 134,949,361 Fairport Harbor, Ohio.... 3,309,485 26,118,618 .Ashtabula Harbor, Ohio.. 14,521,729 45,119,231 ~~"-conneaut Harbor, Ohio.. 11,790,980 40,404,994 *Erie Harbor, Pa.......... :3,296,655 00', 875,943 *DIJilkirk Harbor~~· Y... 1,414 .. "'" "'z,

93930

6 *Bu1Ialo Harbor, .N. Y.... 18,720,724 vvu, .,.,., *Black Rock Callal, N.Y. 1, 715,333 6,414,379 *Tonawanda Harbor N.Y. 391,091 5,018,439 *Niagara River, N. Y • . . . • 70,938 212, S!!

1------------1·-----------1 ·Total. ...•............... 85,536,455 903,900,159

Lake Ontario: 1=-======1======1 *Olcott Harbor, N.Y..................... ~.ooo ·*Charlotte Harbor, N. Y.. 1, 073, 992 3, 065, &'32 *PultneyvilleHarbor,N.Y .••••••••...•....•.••••••...•.... Great Sodus Bay Harbor, 51,958 151,618

N.Y. Little Sodus Bay Harbor,

N.Y. *Oswego Harbor, N. Y .... *CWCY. Vincent Harbor,

130,708

753 942 4,338

632,670

*OgdensburgH~bor, N. Y •1 ___ 1,_04:_9_,_820 __

1 ___ 4_7_, 1_64_, 941 __

1 Total.... . . . . • . . . . • . . • • . . 3, 064,758

I========= I========! 55,563,316

[For footnotes see end of table.]

harbors bill.

For maintenance; ~52,100. .

For maintenan~ $115 000.

Indiana H a r bor, completing im· p_rov ement $395,200.

For maintenance, $112 050. Yanis· tee Harbor, con­tinuing improve­ment, 128,700.

For maintenance, S112ffi0. Manis­tee tlarbor, con­tinuing improve­ment, $28,700.

For maintenance, S13,500. Harbor Beach Harbor for improvement $100,000. Rouge River, for 1m· provement, $490,000.

For maintenance, $132,000.

Lorain Harbor, completing im· provement, 179,650.

Cleveland Harbor, improvement of Cuyahoga River, 15,000.

For maintenance; S33,500.

,

TABLE III.-Xame and location of tlze toater·ways and harbors of ths United States, etc • .:._Continued.

Name and location of im· provement.

Commerce for 1915.

Freight, net tons.

Estimated value.

Appropriation in 1917 rivers and harbors bilL

r.-----------------1---------i--------I·-----------CA.LIFOJtNU..

San Diego Harbor ..•...••••••• 550,848 $55, 302, 880

Los Angeles Harbor ......••••• !,948,034 88,651,408

•san Luis Obispo Harbor ••••• 1,815,233 12,150,432

*San Francisco Harbor........ 9,917,595 831,164.,6-46 *RedwoodCreek ..•....••• :.... 41,827 1,998,459 Oakland Harbor.............. 2, 876,412 411,634,249 Richmond Harbor ...•••••••••.••••••......•...••............. San Pablo Bay................ 4,293,517 103,795,779 4.lare Island Strait ...••.••••••.•••••.••......•..•••••••..•..•.. *Suisun Channel. •..•....•. v . 55,699 751,819 *PetalumaCreek.............. 895,311 17,571,314 *Napa River.................. 90,180 3,991, 929 *Monterey Harbor. . . . . . . . . • • . 519, 379 2, 944,278 Humboldt Harbor and Bay... 599,255 26,572,238

For maintenance, $20,000; For im­provement, $154,000.

For mairiteilance, $25,000. For im, provement· $50,000.

For maintenance, $287,500. Oak­land Harbor, continuing im­provement, $92,000. R i c h· mond Harbor (new project),for improvement, 1100,000. Hum­boldt Harbor and Bay, con· tlnuing improve­mentL. $190~. San rablo .Hay and Mare Island Strait, for im· prove ment, $330,000.

~~ . Sacramento and Feather 766,935 88,027,7031

*San Joaquin River, includ· 831,234 36,358,240 For maintenance~ StocktonandMormonChan· 131,000. nels.

Mokelumne River............. 88,624 4, 033,698 1-----------1-----------1

TotaL................... 25,290,083 1,634,949,072 !=========I======== I

OREGON.

*Coquille River............... '1.44, 916 3, 329,770 Coos Bay and Harbor......... 448, 447 7, 507, 564 Coos River.................... 89,121 2, 485,573 Siuslaw River................. 6, 757 442,060 YaquinaRiver .... •............ 8,452 88,256 TillamookBayandBar....... 9,710 1,371,000 •Nehalem River.............. 23,643 309,885

1------------1·-----------1 TotaL . • • . . . . . • • • • • • • • • • se 8, 572,759 10 141,038,854

OREGON, WASBINGTON, .U."D IDAHO.

!=========I======== I

For maintenance; $34L.OOO.

Coos .tsay Bar, coil· tinning improve­men t $70,000.

Snake River.................. 41,817 1~347,937

1 OREGON AND WASHINGTON. ·

Columbia River: . For maintenance,

~~il:S~J1o~~~t"<open: ··········s;aw· ········aoo:088· S7o,ooo. ed May 5 1915).

*Cascades CanaL.......... 42, 477 4, 886,035 *Vancouver to mouth ol 304,448 10,082,525

Willamette River. Below Portland, includ· 21 7, 208, 455 21 112, 950, 103

ing lower Willamette River.

*At the mouth .•...•.••.•• 2,543,521 /

Continuing im· provement and for maintenance,

86,053, 771 $310,000.

OREGON.

Willamette River: Above Portland .........•• At Willamette Falls .•••..

Lock in Yamhill River .....••. Clat.Ekanie River ...........•..

l=========p======~ WASHINGTON,

22 560 560 22 62:569

22 639 22 9,490

22 $8, 828, Oi9 22 3,306, 902

22 20 627 22399;035

Cowlitz River ........•.•.••••• Lewis River .•.........••••••• Grays River ••••.•.•.•.•.•.•••

*Willapa River and Harbor •.. Grays Harbor and Bar ....... . *Chehalis and Hoquiam Rivers.

Puget Sound and its tributary waters.

*Olympia Harbor ............ . *Tacoma Harbor .•.•..••...•.• Seattle Harbor and Lake

194,32.5 22,525 59,618

370,415 502,410 768,341

S3 55,057

271,406 1,587,847 4,161,511

1,374,124 1,554, 924

663,993

2,117,857 5,907,545 2,970,564

23 543,161

2,832,987 94, 251,610

268, 614, 390 Washington Ship Canal.

*Snohomish River .. ; ......... 898,141 4, 299, 736 *Skagit River................. 412,534 4,881, 962 *Swinomish Sloultb. . . . . . . • • • • 32,925 720, 200 *Bellingbam Har'bor.......... 531,971 9, 162,243 Waterway from Port Town· 65,273 510,906

send Bay to Oak Bay. .. *Columbia River between We- ......•.••.•.•.....•...•.•...•.•

natchee and Kettle Falls. . Total. .•..•• , • . . . • . . . • • . 9, 9~4, 299 400, 406,202

[For.footnotes see end ot table.]

For maintenance, $48,300.

Willamette River, at the Falls, for improvement, $80,000.

Lewis Rive!J in· eluding .North and East Forks, forimprovement, $13,500.

For maintenance, $7,500.

Grays Harbor, for improvement, 185,000.

For maintenance, $30,000.

Lake Washington Ship Canal, for improvement; $200,000.

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN ... t\.TE, :7513 TABLE III.-Name ond location of the wate1'ways and harbors of the

United States, etc.;-Continued.

Commerce for 1915.

Name nnd location of im­provement.

( .... -----,------! Appropriation in 1917 rivers and

Freight, net tons.

Estimated harbors bill. value.

ALASKA.

A poon mouth of Yukon River ................................ .

Nome Harbor.~ ............ : .................................. .

HAW All.

Honolulu Harbor .•........... Kahului Harbor .......•....... Hilo Harbor; ..•............•.

TotaL ...........••.....

PORTO RICO.

San Juan Harbor ............ ..

1,680,256 254,975 428,417

$90, 775, 709 18,311,484 29,11», 940

( .... --------·1----------~1 2,363,648 138, 282, 133

"541,422 ·~ 45, 782, 661

Completing im-pr.ovement, $45,000.

Completing im-provement, $105,000.

For maintenance, $10,000.

Honolulu Harbor, for improvement, $50,000.

Hilo Harbor, for imp r· o vement, $150,000.

For mainteBaUce, s1o,ooo.

For unprovement, $400,000.

NOTE.-Of the to­tal cost of im­provement the Government of Porto Rico is to< pay $600,000 in annual install­ments of $50,000.

lValue of 1,969,025 t-ons not obtainable. . . 2 Foreign commerce only; domestic arrivals and clearances 21,230, gross tonnage

251771,018. Average receipts of coal, 1913-19~ over 7,500,000 net tons. • Includes 7,500,000 tons of coal for Boston .t:tarbor. 'Included in totals for New York Bay and Harbor. & Not including New York Bay and Harbor or Lake Ontario harboi.-s: • Foreign commerce only. 7 Includes East Chester and Westchester Creeks !j.Dd Bronx River, which are also

within the city limits of New York, but are separately grouped lri the rivers and bar bors bill.

a These figures represent, not the separate tons of freight handled in New York Harbor and their value, but the totals of the tonnage and value reported for the

. different channels. From the best information obtainable it appears that the total traffic amounted to about 115,000,000 tons, with a value of $8,000,000,000.·

9 For 1914. 10 Included in North Carolina totals below. 11 Includes two North Carolina items above. u Includes 4 Florida items below. UJncluded in Florida total above. u Includes three Louisiana items below. 16 Included in Texas total below. u Included in Louisiana total above. 17 For fiscal year. -1s Includes 5 Texas items above. u Includes 628 075 tons Government materials. 20Jncludes Columbia and Willamette Rivers below Portland and 4 Oregon items

below. 21 Included in totals for Oregon given above. 22Jncluded in totals for Oregon given above. . 2•covers only those tributaries for which no separate reports are made. ~Fiscal year. ·

M ucellaneous. Examinations.,_ surveys, and contingencieS------------------ $200, 000 Expenses of "" aterways Commission______________________ 100, 000 Survey of Minnesota-N. and Dakota-S. Dakota flood-control

project---------------------------------------------- 25,000 Expenses of purchase or condemnation of Cape Cod CanaL___ 5, 000 Expenses of purchase or condemnation of Chesapeake and Del-

aware Canal----------------------------------------- 5,~00 Removing water hyacinths fro!ll navigable waters of Florida__ 10, 000 Removing water hyacinths, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana,

and Texas------------------------------------------- 20,000

Mr. KENYON. lUr. President, I accept with fortitude, as much as I can summon, the castigation of the distinguished Senator from Louisiana [Mr. RANSDELL]. I only regret that he did not deliver it at a time when a larger proportion of the Senate was present; but the usual result of any river and har­bor discussion is apparent, in that practically all of the Senators have left the Chamber, and the desks, being screwed down, are not able to do so.

I suppose it is perhaps an unwise thing for a Member of Con­press to be Interviewed about questions in Congress. I have always had some little doubt about the wisdom of that. I have felt such an interest in the river and harbor bill that I did'give the interview to which reference has been made, I suppose substantially as the Senator has related it here. There may be some errors in the figures. Not being an officer of any society having the use of experts, or funds to gather figures, I bad to get my own figures; but as to the general statements of the in­terview I have no apologies to make, and no retractions. , .

Near1y everybody knows, e\en if the Senator from -Louisiana uoes not, that both the river and harbor bill and the public­buildings bill haYe grown out of a system that the country has

·come to understand as a pork-barrel system. I am not impugn­ing the motives of any man or the hon-esty of any man or claim­ing any higher citizenship thun any other man. I belie\e the system is wrong, outrageously wrong, and results in a robbery of the Public Treasury for local benefit.

The Senator seems to think that I am imputing wrong to Members of Congress because I referred in that article to that fact as I view it. It is something that has grown up in th~ country. We have bills here for public buildings-one that passed the House at the last session but did not come out ot the committee in the Senate-that actually contained appro­priations for building in towns of less than 700 ·population.

Perhaps some people can justify that. I do not see how it can be justified. We had presented here, if the 'term could be used, a pork-barrel fish-hatchery bill as a war measure, because the meat supply was short, and we needed fish iJ?. order to carry on the war, and consequently it was very essential to have a fish hatchery in the district of nea~ly every member of the com­mittee dealing with that subject. That is what I mean by the growth of the_ pork barrel. _

The Senator says that I charge, in the article to which he has referred, that at least one-half of the $900,000,000 appropriated for rivers and harbors is wasted. · I do, and I charge it now. He said that I found no objection to the harbor appropriations, and consequently, the river appropriations being ~ little more than half of the $900,000,000, that I was· in the position of ob­jecting to all river appropriations, but no harbor appropriations. There is no doubt in the world that money has oeen wasted in every branch of governmental activity. There is no doubt that money has been wasted on harbors, perhaps as much as on rivers, though I doubt if there has been as much money wasted on har~ bors as on rivers ; and the Senator insinuates, because no ob­jection has been made to harbors, that consequently those who fight the river and harbor bill are, in fact, helping the ·railroads.

·That is the old argument used when anyone fights this waste. I have not been an opponent of river and harbor legislation.

That is not the thing to which some of us have been objecting. We have been objecting to the waste in the bill, which ·has gone into the millions, and everybody knows it, and no charges of. attempting to serve the railroads in this matter will, I think, de­ter for one instant the gentlemen whb honestly believe the river and harbor bill has grown to be a scandalous pork barrel from making their criticisms of it here and in other places.

The result, at least, of the fight against the system under which river and harbor bills have been built up was apparent in the last bill, in which the Congress adopted a commission. Out of that commission I am sure will come better results, coOt·din~­tion between the different activities of the Government, and. less of waste and extravagance. I think that provision of the bill will receive the sanction· of the people of the country.

1\fr. President, I did not mean to engage in any particular re marks on this subject. Nothing ever comes up about the river and harbor bill but that the distinguished Senator from Louisi ana engages in an explosion. There was nothing, as I under­stood it, in this article reflecting in any way upon Members of Congress. I do not believe in doing that. I would not do that I do believe, however, that the system of appropriations that has grown up ought to be stopped, that there was no justifica. tion for many of the items in the last rive~· and harbor bill, and especially no justification at a time when this country is engaged in war, and we are to expend, as the chairman of the Appropriations Committee in,dicated a few days ago, at least $20,000,000,000 and perhaps $50,000,000,000 before this year has gone by. While items of a few million dollars seem inconse quential, and it almost seems a breach of senatorial courtesy to talk about them, yet the appropriations of this Congress should have been, and I hope they have been, scanned closely and every dollar of waste, if such a thing is possible, cut out of them. That will face us more and more as the Congresses go on.

The American people are perfectly willing to spend eyer~ dollar necessary to carry this war to a successful conclusion. -I think they have a right to participate in the knowledge of ·how that money is spent, unless it be in some secret military matters that none of us would insist on knowing about; and they have a right to insist, also, that all waste and .extravagance in ex penditures stop, and that the public money be spent like private money, and that a public dollar bring to the Government just what a private dollar would bring.

I regret if I have ln any way offended my good friend from the State of Louisiana. I said in the article that in my judg ment the river and harbor bill was a pork-barrel measure. I repeat it now. I shall say it wh~never I feel like saying it and I have said nothing about it equal to what the Senator from South Carolina· [Yr. TILLMAN] said about rl\er aml har

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD~SENATE, SEPTEMBEB 29,

' bor appropriations upon_ tliis :flour. r suppose IJ:e. meant the1

wastefuJ1 ones. I will nob. repeat· hi.s language. · rt is in tbe· REcORD, and has oeerr. refenreti to• a good many times: Jl slian not desist in my candemnatib:rr of ' tli-e- wfiSte.' in river and ha~· bor bills.

Mr. FLETCHER. Mr. President--The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. l""oNEs ot' Wasllington in

the chai'r). The Senator from Florida will suspend for a mement The- Irour of 2' o~lock liavin~ arrived .the Chair lays before tire" Senate- the· unfinished business, which wilT be. stated~ · The SECRETA:RY. A bill (H. R. 231"6:) ' to promote export trade.­.and for· other purposes.

M:r. FLETCHEJR. Mr. President,. permit me to say· thla mueh in reference to wliat- the· Senator· from Iowa. [Mr. KEN­YON] has sai~~ The Incidental remark- mad~ by the· Sen.ato:r from South Carolin:r [Mr: Trr.l::MA.N] has: been animadverted1 on a numher of times here. It- was made some xears a:go and he has on different ocea·sions set fortfi. quite~ fully what· he meant and what he had reference to af that time: It has no bearing; I think, on. this subject, and. is without fin:ee when it- comes to deal witlr rtver-and' harbor Iegislatli:m.

The last Iilli was a bill: tliat was confirred· absolutely- to pre­venting. waste. In other· words, it- WBF to take care· of projects

. whteh were under:· consideration· and where-tt- the wark wa.s. not continued~ there would be' arr enormous· waste of mone-y; There would be- waste also in. turning loose some-:ftft:y:-odu ylants of the- Government---{ft-edges: and' equit>ment- and· that sort of thing-and having them lie. idle.· for a period of time= until all'­other bill could' be passecL

Another feature in connection witlt the legj.sla.tion was th-e absolute. necesSity of the improvement- of certain harbors whereby access eouid be got: to· rraYY. yftrds..

.Another f-eat ure was to ta:ke.' cam of necessary-projects whicli. were req-uired :for.- the transportation business- of the co.nn~ There· was. no war- 'emergency,: more iinportant- than the enact­ment' of: that legislation: as recommenden fiy. tlie Secret:aly of War and' by the. Chief of Engineers and a:s· reported- by bo.th committees of Congress.

It is just sncfi articles m: interviews as tiie Senator bas die­tatoo, just srrch comment as the Senator makes- in denouncing river and harbor legislation as. nork-barrei legislation, that are· responsible for the prejudic.e- against river and harbor legLcslatlon and· the poison fu the public mind on this· subject t<J a very large-extent:

The Senator ftom Iowa says· in a general way lie is nnt oppos­ing- taking care of the r.ivers and harbors of the country, but he objects to the sy-stem which lias been nrevaillng; I have been. unable to gather· wlint plan the- Senator find' In mimi to carry on wllaf he regards as great public works. He cr~itictzes tlie existing system, calla it a pork-Barrel pl~ but· fi.e does not offer anything else. Yet he says tliese rivers ought-t<J be made n_vail­nble for the movement of commerce and that. the ha:rbors ought to be improved. Every othel' cLvillz:ed count17 on the earth has found it necessary to do that. '

The demands upon our transportati011 facilities are greater to-day. than they ever have been· before, and we need e-very po& sible deveiopment of transpertation facilities: in this country. We- are d-oing what we are obliged to do, unless we simply abandon the waterways.and adopt'.a:policywhich is ·unwise and unsound· and. which would involve an absolute neglect of tfie respons-ibility of Congress in· that· regard.

It is hoped that· the colll.IlliSsion provided for will e:ventually evolv.e som.e coordination and cooneration on the part of the rail­WUJTS and the waterways of the country and result in good. n · is possible that ther.e will be somewhat- of a revision of the plan upon wlricfi these public works nave been take-n care of hereto­fore. I hope that will result, but until that is· accomplished we can not afford to neglect to look after these means of txanspo:r:­tation.

I would say further in regard to this question of waster ac­cording to the testimony of Gen. Bixbl:, suppu:r:ted by otfier Chiefs of Engineers, there has· not rre-en as· much as 2: per cent of the money appropriated for rivers and harbors in this country that has. not been absolutely and fully meritorious. Not ex­ceeding 2 per cent of' the entire· mnount of money appropriated for that purpose can be questioned on. tl:'le score of waste. That iS their testimony. That is tlie statement thex make. So the gener al a-verment tlrnt there ha.s"been enormous waste in connec­tion with the improvement of these wat~rways, it seems to· me, c.an not be allowed. to stand against the positive, solemn state­ment of Chiefs of Engineers who have had the distribution of that fuud fu hand:.

Another thing, we ha"Te pretty nearly reached the end of the tmprovernent of the riv-ers of phe country. 'Dlis policy began: over 50 years ago. That-perhaps accounts for some of the oppa- . sition to-day to river and harbor legislation. To the fact that

tlie rivem furve been:: taken care of in most of' the States· of the @:anuy. probably can be- attributed the- rensen why- we- beau so mu& talk about its be.ing york-barrellegi.slation. Wherever rive·s and. hanbors have been developed and improved the repre­sentatives. of those eommunities are no longer interested in the subject. For instlmce,. take Florlrla, where we have numerous navigable streams to be connected up with lakes and rivers and witli the ocean and with the Gulf that have not been improved in the past. Representatives and Senators in other parts of the country; where the rivers and harbors have been improved to the. very limit are no Jongen interested in the subject, and they can not: ag_ree. that Florida should be treated in accordance with the pglfcy wJlich has ontained in tile cotmtry for 50 years in pursuanee or which their rivers and harbors hav.e been taken car~ of by tlie Government, as they ought to have been. They are done· with the subject, and to them it is· a waste when it eom-es to improving- the rivet:S" and harb<Jl'!f in some other por:. tions of' tile cowatry. I think that aeeounts for a good deal of ti:t.is- apathy,; this lack of interest, this. iniliff-erenre, this charge of pork, beemrse it comes from people wh.o have had their rivers and harbors imlll'OV~ ,-,rho have enjoyed the benefits of these pufillc eX}\!enditures, or it comes from people whose rivers and hanbors are' not worthy of improvement, and have been re­peate.d.JY repo:r:ted upon adversely by the engineers .

r simply wanted to say that much, and to say in conclusion tliat, in my. judgment, we have nearly reached the end. If the Semrto:r :ftom rowa will look at the projects under investigation the number that have been rejected and the number of project~ suggested for the engineers to look into and report upon, he will find' they have been diminishing year after year; that there are comparatively few projectS' nuw in- the· cou:ntry- where surveys are asked at all, and accordi.ng to tlie proportion surv~s have been reported oil! adversely; by the engineers there will be but a small number of rivers tfult will b& :reported on fa.vorably- by the enginee:rs in the due· course of thfngs. under the nres.ent sys­tem, and only tlwse that are reported on fmrorabl'y.· wm be pro­vided for: lJy Congress. I think we ha-ve nem:ly reached: the end of river and harbor bills such as we have oeen having in: the past, because we nave pretty. nearly.· ta:Jtell' care of the rivers that are WQrtliy of improvement and th.e li.m:b.ors up to the deri:umga of tlie coUJlt.ry. LateJ:> on. we may need to deepen same of the harbors. Where, for instance, they are 30 feet to-da:y the- neces­sities of the country may exact that- they shall be made 40 feet because we are having larger vessels and it is necessary to hav~ 40 feet in some instances to-day wliere 10 years ago 30 feet were ample. Of course when those cgndilions m·i.Se it will be our duty to take care of that situation in a; broad an-dl public­spirited and proper way.

~r. RANSDELL. Just a word,. 1\I:r. President, if you. please. I . wlSh!. to call the- attention. of the Senate to,. a.. little matter of: his­tory. Last year we had a rive!! and harbor bill which. carried about $42,000,000. It was ve.cy strenuously opposed by. the ~ena~or from Iowa [Mr. KENYON} and: many others, no:t only m thts body, but in the House of Representatives. 'l'hat bill was finally signed by the PI:esident about the last of July. At that time the President was a. candidate for reelection, and I believe- everyone- will admit tha.t he i one of the most astate wise, farseeing- statesmen wfio- ever· occupied the White HoUBe: H~ lreld that river and hal'bm:: bill. unde1: admement flm: the constitutional Dmit:-10 days, I believe-before signing i4 ami Before signing it this letter was laid· hefor.e him by the- Seer~ tary of War; Hhn. Newtou D. Buker,. ur present: War Secret..axy; who, it seems to me, is making good, if ever a Secretary of War did make good, in a · great crisis. He alluded to our present Chier of Engine&S, Gen. William l\f. Black, one of the strongest men who eve1~ occupi-ed that v.ery- resp-onsible position. This: letter is dated .July 24, 1916, and says:

J'ULY 24:, 1916. MT DEAR Mlr. ERES IDEK:r : T return to you herewith th.e river aruL

haxbor bill, which 1! have- gone over with great care and upon whiclr 1 hand you a repurt made by the Chief of Engineers with.. certain at­tached memoran<\1.. The net result bf this examination is to show tha.t tn this bill, carrying $42,886,085, $611,200, or about 1i per cent, is ,.. in the· judgment oil the :IDhgineer Df-partmen.t of the Wa~ Department, re­garded as economically ind.efensible, a:lthougb in the ease of. some o.t these- expenditures the improveme.nts are :Qrobabl:y not primarily fo1: navigation purposes.

1!: concur in. the view expressed Dy Gen. Black that the direct- ross to the- Unlt~dl States a s a result of susJ:)ension ~ work, were this bill nat to receiv-e your app.roval, woulil be greate~ than the amount appro­priated for- improvementB ot a doubtful value; thrt is to say, upon rur th.~ gr.eat: river · and. harbor- projects ot the· country, if work were sus,.. pe:nded, ther.e· would be losg. due to the bre8Jklng u:u• of ensting organ.iza­tions the cue of. idle- plants .. etc., which would Be very serious. Should. this bill receive yoUT approval, the department would lutve. so much: work pn. its hunds. that it w.oul<f probably be· obliged to delay some· por-

' tlon. ot it, and·, of· aourse, i.n seleating:·that. to• be d'elayed; the worlc of , doulitful ec.onomfc importallCe would be postponed, so that the entir e $611!,200 marked as que.stionab1e wouid probably not be expend~ in any event:.

Respectfully submitted. NEWTON D. BAKER,

1917. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. .7515 Mr. President, that bill was signed by President Wllson,

although it had, according to the Engineers Department, a total of 1! per cent of doubtful wisdom 1n it. At that time, let me repeat, the President was a candidate for reelection. His political opponents were justly looking into every cause to be brought against him. The President examined that bill with care; his Secretary of War examined it with care; his Chief of Engineers examined it with care, and they found it a good · measure.

The bill which passed a few weeks ago, the bill which was criticised by the Senatot: from· Iowa, indicating that $10,000,000 out· of $28,000,000 might very well have been left out of the bill, was a much more conservative bill than the bill of 1916. Had it been examined with a fine-tooth comb, sir, you could not have found anything like 1} per cent therein about which there was even any kind of doubt. It was as good a bill as could have possibly been framed. Yet that is subjected to criticism.

Mr. President, unfortunately a great many people in this coun­try speak of river and harbor legislation as being pork barrel, and I insist, sir, that tliat prejudice is due to just such state­ments as the Senator from Iowa has published in this recent

-issue of the New York Times. Mr. KENYON. Just a word, Mr. President. I agree with the Senator from Louisiana [1\Ir. RANSDELL] 1n

llis commendation of the President, and having that great regard and confidence which I have in the President, I otrered at the time the river and harbor bill was before us this as an additional section.· I want to put it in the RECORD, and also the vote upon it.

SEc. -. That no appropriation contained in this bill shall be avail­able if the Presid~nt of the United States, on or before September 1, 1917, shall file a statement with the Secretary of War that such par· ticular project for which said appropriation is made is not one of a public necessity.

The President has no right under the Constitution to veto items in an appropriation bill. '.Fhis gave him the power, if there was any particular appropriation in the bill that was not of a public necessity, to end it. Now, with the great confidence :which the Senator from Louisiana has in the President, how did he vote on that question? Among the " nays , is recorded the Senator from Louisiana. Among the " yeas " is recorded my­self, the object of the Senator's wrath. I submit the full vote, as follows:

The result was announced-yeas 26, nays 36, as follows :

·Ashurst Borah Brady Calder Cummins France Gore

Bankhead Beckham Brandegee Chamberlain Fernald Fletcher Gerry Hale Johnson, Cal.

Harding Hollis Kenyon King La Follette McNary New

YEAS--26. Norris Page Pomerene Sbafroth Sheppard Smoot Sterling

NAYS--36 . Jones, N. Me:x. Poindexter Jones, VVash. Ransdell Kirby Reed Lodge Robinson McKellar Saulsbury Martin Shields Myers Simmons Nelson Smith, Ariz. Overman Smith, Ga.

NOT VOTING-34. Broussard Gronna Knox Colt Hardwick Lewis Culberson Hitchcock McCumber Curtis Hughes McLean Dillingham Rusting Newlands Fall James Owen Frelinghuysen Johnson, S.Dak. Penrose Gallinger Kellogg Phelan Gotr Kendrick Pittman

So Mr. KE:-no~'s amendment was rejected.

Sutherland Thompson Tillman Warren VVatson

Smith, Md. Smith, Mich. Smith, S.C. Stone Swanson Trammell Underwood Vardaman VVolcott

Sherman Thomas Townsend VVadswortli VValsh VVeeks Williams

We had that confidence in the President that would end this business, and apparently, while the Senator from Louisiana ·has confidence in the President as to everything on earth, put­ting in his hands alf power, as we have also, his confidence stops short at the place where the President would have the power to smash the pork barrel.- The vote on this -amendment ought to be of interest to the voters."

PROJ.IOTION OF EXPORT TRADE.

1\li.". JONES of New Mexico. Mr. President-.- ­Mr. POMERENE. Will the Senator allow me? 1\fr. JONES of New Mexico. I yield ·to· the Senator from

Ohio. · 1\Ir. POMERENE. Mr. President, the unfinished business be­

fore the Senate is House bill 2316, commonly known as the ex­port bill. I am satisfied that it is impossible this afternoon to bring the measure to· a final vote, and because of that. fact I ask that the unfinished business be temporarily laid aside.

·:.. ~ J

~ The PRESIDJNG OFFICER Is there objection to the 1·e­-quest of the Senator from Ohio? .

Mr. CALDER.. Before that is determined I should like to · say that I hope the Senator from Ohio will at the first favor­able opportunity press his bill to a vote. It is a very impor­tant measure. In my judgment there has been no bill before this body dealing with the business of the country beyond its borders more important than the measure under consideratioB here.

Mr. POMERENE. I agree with the estimate of the bill just given by the Senator from New York. The manufacturers and the commercial men of the entire United States are interested in it. It affects our foreign business, and our foreign business only. The policy that we can pursue with respect .to the for,. eign business, if we are to get our portion of it, must be very different from that which we adopt in our domestic business.

There is no desire to repeal or modify the Sherman anti­trust law or any other antitrust law, save and except, possibly, as it may be believed to relate to our· foreign business.

In the foreign countries to-day the merchants and manufac­turers and business men generally are allowed to combine to go out and seek the foreign trade, and they do combine for that purpose. If we are to meet them upon a fair basis of competi­tion, we must place in the hands of our business men the same methods which the business men of other nations use in seek­ing foreign trade.

The only question which presents itself to Congress is this: Do you want to extend America's foreign business or do you not? Do you or do ron not want American business men to have the same advantages that the business men of other na­tions have? If Senators do, they will favor this bill. If they do not, they will Ol'Pose it. - ·

I may say to the Senator from New _York that I have been _somewhat ·chagrined, because I have con.cluded, after an inves­tigation, that it would be next to impossible to pass the bill at this session. If the opportunity presents itself during the ses­sion, I shall urge it to a speedy conclusion. If it is not reached and finally voted upon at this session, it is my purpose to in­sist upon the Senate taking action upon it at the very begin-ning of the next session. _

Mr. CALDER. If the Senator will permit me, I should like to say to him that I shall aid him in every way in JllY power, for I consider it to be a very meritorious measure. . Particularly if from any cause the war should end, we would be up against a competition that could not be measured. It is serious indeed to contemplate that situation.

Mr. POMERENE. The Senator is quite right. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is . there objection to the re­

quest of the Senator from Ohio that the unfinished business be .tempo-rarily laid aside?

l\Ir. BUSTING. Inasmuch as the blll now before the Senate is an important bill, and there seems to be a sentiment that it ought to be acted upon, without expressing any opinion of my own .one way or the other upon it, in view of the fact that I am opposed to having the bill lai<l aside to take up a bill which is very objectionable-, I shan ha\e to object to the request of the Senator from Ohio.

The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Wisconsin objects.

Mr. POMERENE. I move that the unfinished business be temporarily laid aside. ·

Mr. s·w ANSON. Let me suggest to the Senator from Wiscon­sin that if a motion is made to take up another bill, that of itself displaces the unfinished business.

The PRESIDING OFFICER. A motion to lay aside the un· finished :business is not in order, but a motion to take up another bill would be in order. ·

Mr. POMERENE. I have been advised that from a parlia· mentary standpoint a motion perhaps would not be in order, and therefore I withdraw it. ...

Mr. JONES of New Mexico. I move that the Senate take up for further consideration the bill ( S. 2776) providing for the classification of lands under the stock-grazing hon.:.estead act in certain States, and for other purposes.

Mr. BUSTING. I suggest the absence of a quorUIIk The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Wisconsin

suggests the absence of a quorum. The Secretary will call the roll.

The Secretary called the roll, and the following Senators an­swered to their names : Calder Rusting Culberson Jones, N. Mex. Curtis J"ones, Wash. Fall Kenyon Fletcher King • Gerry MeNary

New Page Pittman Pomerene

· Reed ·shafroth

Sheppard Smith, Ariz. Swanson Wadsworth

.. 7516 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN ATE. SEPTEl\ffiER 29'

1\Ir. McNARY. I desire to announce the unayoldable absence of my colleague, the senior Senator trom Oregon [Mr. CB:AXBER­LA.IN] , on nceount of illness.

1\!r. CURTIS. I wish to announce the unavoidable absence 1lf the senior Senator from New Hampshin> [Mr. GALLINGER]. I Will let this announcement stand for the present. ·

Mr. SHAFROTH. l desire to announce the unavoidable ab· ~ene~ .of my colleague [Mr. 'THOMAs] on account ot illness, and to state that he is paired with the senior Senator from North Dakota [Mr. McCmrnn]. I · will let this announcement stand for the oay. .

Mr. RUSTING. I announce the "'::m.void.al)le abSence of the senior Senator from Kansas Il\Ir. TiroYPsoN], and the abseiU!e of the junior Senator from Kentucky {Mr. BECKHAM] on.:account of mness in his family. ·

The PRESIDING OFFICER. Twenty-two Senators have an­swered to their names. There is not a quorum present.

Mr. SWANSON. I move that the Senate adjourn. The motlon was agreed to; a'nd (at 2 o'clock and 30 minntes

p. m), the Senate adjourned until Monday, October 1, 1917, at 12 o'cloek meridian.

NOMINATIONS. E~recutive ft01nAmntions received lJy the Senate Septenlber 29~

191"1. MEMBER O"F UNITED STATES . SHIPPING BOARD.

Charles R. Page, of CaU.fornbt, to be a member ot the United States Shipping Board for tbe term expiring January 18, 1919, vice Theodore Brent, resigned.

MEMBERS OF INTERSTATE Co'Mll.ERCE CoMMISSION.

The following-named persons to be members of th-e Interstate Commerce Commission : -

Robert W. Woolley, of Vir.ginia, forthe term expiring Decem­-ber 31 19ZO. vice Judson C. Clements, deceased.

Clyde B . .Aitchison, of 'Oregon, for the 'term -eXpiring Decem-ber 31, 1921. (New office.) ·

George W. Anderson, of Boston, Mass., for the term -expiring December 31, 1922. (New office.)

AGENT AND CoNSUL -GENDAL.

Hampson Gary, of Texas, mnv an Assistant .Solicitor in the Department of State, to 'be agent and consul general of th~ United States of America at Cairo, Egypt.

Am IN COAST AND GEODETltl SURVEY.

George R. A. Kantzler, of Wasbington, to be aid ln the United States Ooast and Geodetle Survey. (By promotion from deck officer.)

SuRVEYoR GENERAL.

Charles L. Decker, of Wyoming, to be surveyor general of Wyoming, his present term expiring September 24, 1917. (Re· appointment.)

REGISTER -oF LAND OFFICE.

Paz Valverde, of New Mexico, to be register of the land office at CJayton, N. Mexr, his present term expiring September 10, 1917. (Reappointment.)

RECEIVJmS OF PUBLIC MONEYS.

Thomas E. Owen, of New Mexico, to be receiver {)f public moneys nt Clayton, N. Mex., his present term expiring Septem­ber 1'0, 1917. (Re-appointment.)

Charles A. Mansfield. of North Dakota. to be receiver of public moneys at \Villiston, N. Dak., )lis present term of office expiring Sept em be- 28, 1917. (Reappointment.)

ExAMrNEB IN CHIEF, PATENT OFFICE.

Edwin S. Henry, of Kansas, to be an examiner in chief in the Patent Office, vice James T. Newton, appointed Commis-sioner of Patents. ~

P1muc HEALTH SERVICE. Asst. Surg. Daniel S. Baughman to be passed assistant surgeon

in the Public Health Service, to rank as such from J'nly 23, 1917.

UNITED STATES ATTORNEY.

Emon 0. Mahoney, of El Dorado, Ark., to be United States attorney, \Ve tern District of Arkansas, vice J. Virgil Bourland, who e term bas expired.

COMMISSIONER OF THE DISTRICT OF COLIDIBIA.

.w. Gwynn Gardiner, of the District of Columbia, to be a Com­missioner of tl1e District of Columbi-a for the term expiring .July 13, 1919, vice Oliver P. N~, resigned~

COU.ECTOBS OF CUSTOMS.

Zach L. Cobb, o1 El Paso, Tex..., to be collector of customs for eu toms collection district No. 24, with headquarters at El Paso, TeX. (Reappointment.)

Tllomas A. Colemnn, of San Antoniot Tex., to be collector of (!UStoms for customs collection district No. 23, With headquarters at San Antonio, Tex.

CoAST GUARD. Cadet George Walton McKean, to be third lieutenant in the

Coast Guard of the United States, to take effect from date of oath.

Cadet Andrew Clem-ent Mandeville, to be third lieutenant in the Coast Guard of the United States, to take effect from date 1lf oath.

Cadet John Trebes, j'r., to be third lieutenant in the Coast Guard of the United S e.tes, to take effect from date of oath.

PUBLIC ilEA.LTH SERVIcE.

Asst. Surg. Josepa Bolten to be passed assistant surgeon in the Public Health Service., to rank as such from July 26, 1917.

Asst. Surg. Harry C. Cody, to be passed assistant surgeon in the Public Health Service, to rank as such from July 28, 1917. •

Asst. Surg. Robert 0. Derivaux to be passed assistant surgeon in the Public Health Service, to rank as such from July 28, 1917.

.Asst. Surg. James 13. Laughlin to be passed assistant surgeon in the Public Health Service, to rank as such from July 21, 1917.

.Asst Surg. Tully J. Liddell to be p-assed assistant surgeon in the Public Health Service, to rank as such from July 28, 1917.

Asst. Surg. \Valter L. Treadway to be passed assistant surgeon in the Pnblle Health Service, to rank as such from July 28, 191'T.

Asst. Surg. Harry 1\I. Thometz to be passed assistant surgeon in_ the PubUc Health Service, to rank as such from July 23, 1917.

'l'he above-named officers have served the required time in their present grade and have passed the necessary examinations for promotion.

Dr. Walter Charles Allen to J>e assistant surgeon in the Pub· lie Health Service, to take effect from date of oath.

Dr. Lynne Araunah Fullerton to be assistant surgeon 1n the Public Health Service, to take effect from date of oath.

APPOINn.tENT IN TBE NATIONAL ARMY. GENEkAL OFFICER.

To be brigadie·r general with rank from August 5, 1911. Brig. Gen. Randolph A. Richards, Wisconsin Nationnl Guard. NoTE.-The above-named officer was nominated to the Senate

for said appointment under the n:ame Randolph W. Richards on August 15, 1917, and confirmed by that body on August 20, 1917. This is submitted for the purpose of correcting an error in the name of· the nominee.

TEMPORARY PROMOTION IN THE ARMY.

CORPS OF ENGTh~ERS.

l\faj. George B. Pillsbury, Corps of Engineers, to be Ueutena.nt colonel from July 14, 1917, vice Lieut. Col. Harry Bw·gess, ap­pointed colonel of engineers in the National Army.

This is submitted for the purpose of correcting an error in the date of rank of nominee. He was nominated to the Senate August 10, 1917, and confirmed August 20, 1917. PRO\ISIO~AL APPOINTMENTS BY PROMOTION IN TB.E ARMY.

CORPS OF ENGINEERS,

To be captains. Fir t Lieut. Marion D. H. Kolyn, Corps of Engineers, with rank

from June 3, 1917, vice Capt. Arthw· R. Ehrnbeck, promoted. First Lieut. Walter P. Burn, Corps of Engineers, with rank

from Juoo -4, 1917, vice Capt. Harold S. Hetrick, promoted. First Lieut. David L. Neuman, Corps of Engineers, with rank

from June 4, 1917, vice Capt. William A. Johnson, promoted. First Lieut. Lenox R. Lohr, Corps of Engineers, with rank

froat .Tune 5, 1917, -vice Capt. James J. Loving, promoted. F'irst Lieut. Truman M. Curry, jr., CQrps of Engineers, with

rank from June 5, 1917, vice . Capt. Frederick B. Downing, pro­moted.

First Lieut. Frank 1\:l. S. Johnson, Corps of Engineers, with rank from June 5, 1~17, vtce Capt. Edmund L. Daley, promoted.

First Lieut. Simes T. Hoyt, Corps of Engineers, with rank from June 5, 1917, vice Capt. Henry A. Finch, promoted.

First Lieut. Clarence M. Fuller, Corps of Engineers, with rank from June 5, 1917, vice Capt. Edward D. Ardery, promoted.

First Lieut. Harry A. Skerry, Corps of Engineers, with rank from J"une 5, 1917, vice Capt. James G. Steese, promoted.

First Lieut. John F. McSweeney, Corps of Engineers, with rank from June 5, 1917, ~ice Capt. Roger G . .Alexander, pro­moted.

1917~ CONGRESSIONAL RECOR~SENATE.

First Lieut. Giovanni B. La.Guatdla, Corps of Engineers, with rank from Juue 5, 1917, ~lee Capt, Jam~s A. O'Connor, pro­moted.

First Lieut. Fred C. Albert, Corps of Engineers, with tank from June 5, 1917, vice Capt. Lewis It. \Vatkins, Pl.'Oinoted.

First Lieut. Don R. <Ja.ther, Oorps of Engineer., with rank from June 5, 1917, vice Capt. Gilbet't :In. Humphrey, J5t'Omoted'.­

First Lieut. Sylve ter EJ. Nortner, CorpS' of Engineers; wtth rank from June 5, 1917, vice Capt. Richard Park. promoted.

First Lieut. John R. Donaldson, Cot'ps of Engineers, with rank from June 5, 1917, vice Capt. Daniel I. Sulta.n, promoted. ·

First Lieut. Julian G. Guitet:as, Corps o:C Engin~rsr with rank from June 5, 1917, vice Capt. Glen E. Edger·ton, promoted.

First Lieut. Gilbert D. Fish, Corps of Engineers, with rank from July 13, 1917, vice Capt. Cba:tl€sL. Hnll, promoted.

PnonSIO~.A.L APPOINnrE': -T, BY T:RANS1ER, y:q- THE ARMY.

FIELD ARTILLERY ARM.

First Lieut. Samuel 1\Iarshal1, Infantry, to be fh t lieutenant of Field Artillery from June 14, 1917.

CA V' .&:t.ltY riM.

First Lieut. John Garth Goodlett, Infantry, to be first lieu· tenant of Cavalry from June 16, 1917.

INFAN:I'RY ARM.

Fll•st. Lieut. Milton A. Lowenberg, Cavalry, to be first lieu­ten~nt of Infantry ft•om June 16, 191.7.

Fit t Lieut. Robert N. Getty, jr., Field Artiller~·. to be first lieutenant of Infantry from June 14, 1917.

PROVISIO~AL APPOINTMENT IN THE ARMY.

. co:RPS O:Ir ENGINEERS.

Simon l\.fe.::llrre. of ..:~ew York, to be second lieuterumt, to fill un original vnenncy.

AP:Por:q-TMENTS IN Ti.tE KR:Mi.

CHAPLAINS.

To be chaplain-s 1.cith ~anliJ of fir~ lieu.tetia1tt to fiU original vaca-nc-ies.

Rev. John T. Kendall, of Wiscons-in,._from September 12, 1917. Rev. John W. Daily, of the District-of Columbia, from Septem­

ber 13, 1911. Rev. James A. Manley, of Nortlr Carolina, from Septembe-r 13,

1917. Rev. Edward T. Reilly~ o-! New York, from September 13, 1917. Re'\1. En:lil William Weber, of New York, from September 19,

1917. Rev. George Forem:tn Rixey, of l\IisS6Ul'i, from September 7,

1917. Rev. Humfrey Vere Darley, of Colorado, from September 7,

'1911'. Rev. Joseph L. Tierney, of New York, from September 8, 1917.

To be scc01ta lieutenant toUh -'ranl.; tront August 3(}, 1917. CORPS OF ENGINEERS.

Cadet Rerma.n Henry Poll1. Cadet Gerald Alford Counts. Cadet Hiram Baldwin Ely. Cadet Kenneth Mason Moore. Cadet Charles Dashiell Harl'is.' Cadet Edmond Harrison Levy. Cadet Thomas Dodson Stamps. Pndet :Bartley Marcus Harloe. Cadet Starr Clifton Wardrop. Cadet Girard Blakesley Troland. Cadet Llewellyn Mason Griffith.

CA V .A.LRY ARM~

Cadet Grayson Cooper Woodbury. Ca-det Duncan Gregor McGregor. Cadet Thomas Jackson Heavey.

adet Wallace Francis Safford. Cadet Joshua Ashley Stansell. Cadet Raymond Eccleston Serveira Williamson. Cadet David Charles George Schlenker,.. Cadet Harry Tremaine Wood. -Cadet Eat I. Frank Knoob. Cadet Robert Earl Symmond . Cadet John Richard Wilmot Diehl. Cadet Rudolph Daniel Delehanty. Cadet Willfam Henry Whiting Reinburg. Cadet Elmer Hugo: Almquist. Cadet Frank Leslie Carr. Cadet Frank Edmund ::Bertholet.­Oadet Mal'iofi C~l'son. Cadet Rossiter Hunt Garity~

Cadet Frank Charles Jedlicka. _Cadet Leo Buffington Cohfler. Cadet John Boersig Saunders. Cadet Arthur Burnola Custis. Cadet Desmond ·O'Keefe. Cadet Hal Marney Rose. Cadet Frederick John Dun-schmidt. Cadet Milton Wickers Davis. Cadet John Bellinger Bellinger, jr:

FIELD ARTILLERY ARM.

Cadet Thurston Elmer Wood. Cadet John lllichael Johnson. Cadet William Oliver Reeder~ Cadet William Karl Kolb . Cadet William Robert Gerhardt. Cadet Theodore Earl Buechler. Cadet Frederick Edwin Tibbetts, jr. Cadet Samuel Durand Ringsdorf. Cadet Redmond Francis Kernan, jr.­Cadet Theodore Leslie Futch. Cadet Russell Luff Meredith. Cadet William Innes Wilson. Cadet Harold Allum Oooney~ Cadet John Thornton Knight, jr. Cadet Miles Andrew Cowles. Cadet Lawrence McCeney Jones. Cadet Gordon Graham Heiner, jr. Cadet Edward Joseph Wolff, fr.

COAST ARTILqmY CO:Rl'S.

Cadet Dean Ingersoll Piper . Cadet Otto Max Jank. Cadet Herman Uth Wagner .. Cadet Philip Stevens Day. Cadet George Walter Hirsch. Cadet Forrest Clifford Shaffer. Cadet William ·Riley Deeble, jr .. Cadet Frank Fenton Reed. Cadet John WilL Coffey. Cadet Frank Celestine Meade. Cadet Lawrence Dwight. Cadet Everett ThUl'ston Brown. Chdet Clyde· Hobart Morgttnthaler: Cadet Willard l\lerrlll Hall. Cadet 'rracy Campbell Dick~on, j:r.­Cadet Robert Wilson. Hasbrouck. Cadet Howard Patterson Faust. Ca<;let John- Taylor de Camp. C:iuet "\Vallace :Dunca-n Collins. Cadet Sargent Prentiss Hu.tr. Cadet William Henry Donaldson, jr. Cadet Henry Maris Black. Cadet Willard David Murphy. Cadet Council Bryan Palmer. Cadet John Claron Hawkins.

INFANTRY ARl£.

Cadet Joseph Isadore Cohen. Cadet Henry Anson Barber,_ j1·. Cadet Robert Alston Willard. Cadet John Marcus E~rwin. Cadet William Beggs Clarswell, jr_ Cadet Wilson Gunning Bingham. Cadet Charles Oope Bartley. Cadet Robert MacDonald Graham. Cadet Rudolph Francis Whitelegg. Cadet Loyd Van Horne Durfee. Cadet John Henry Norton. Cadet William Winchester Paca. Cadet John Ter Bush Bissell. Cadet Charles Aloysius Mahoney. Cadet George Senseoy Eyster. Cadet Henry Richard .Anderson. Cadet William l\.IcCa key Chapman. Cadet Kenneth Paul Murray.

. Cadet Roger Walton Stembriuge. Cadet Normnn McNeill. Cadet Glen Henry Anderson. Cadet Bryant Edward Moore. Cadet Leo Vincent Warner. Cadet Howard Alston Deas. Cadet Henry Will.imn Bobrink. Cadet Onslow She1·burne Rolfe. Cadet Louis Armistead Freeman. Cadet Henry Perkins Gantt. Cadet Jesse Brooke Matlack.

7517

. .

Cadet Julius Earl Schaefer·. _ Cadet Theodore Desmond Schmidt. Cadet Parry Weaver Lewis . . Cadet Edward "\Yrenne Timberlake. Cadet Vincent Nicholas Taylor. Cadet William Wallace Jenna. Cadet William Richard Fleming. Cadet Paul 'Vallace C<>1e. Cadet Francis Porter Simpson. Cadet Harry Coope1· Barnes, jl'. Cadet Robert John Hoffman. Cadet Clare Wallace 'Voodwrrrd. Cadet Jolm SteYenson Mallory. Cadet Frederick Dent Sharp. Cadet William Sydney Barrett. Cadet Paul Ryan Goode. Cadet Harry Niles Rising. Cadet Josephus Benjamin Wilson. Cadet Henry Cornelius Demuth. Cadet Lowell Meeker Riley. Cadet Edwin Clark Maling. Cadet George Draper Watts. Cartet Emil Krause. Cadet Robert Lynn Bacon. Cadet Walker Gibson 'Vhite. Cadet Earle Everett Sarcka. Cadet Edwin Jacob House. Cadet Arthur Charles Purvis. Cadet James Jack on Hea. Cadet Edgar Bruce Moomau. Cadet Frank Sidney Long. Cadet Carlisle Brittania Wilson. Cadet William Edward Whittington. Cadet Harold Lewis Milan. Cadet Robert Amedee Bringham. Cadet Horace Harding. Cadet Earle Adams Billings. Cadet Royal Harry Place.

APPOI!'iT.MEl'iTS IN THE ARMY.

MEDICAL CORPS.

First Lieut. Nicholson F; Curtis, Medical Reserve Corps, to be first lieutenant in the Medical Corps from July 11, 1917, to fill an original vacancy.

DE!IlTAL CORPS.

To be dental surgeons 'toith 1·ank from Septembet· 11, 1911. Walter Davis Vail, of Missouri. Richard Knight Thompson, of the District of Columbia. Leslie Solon Harlan, of Indiana. Neil Jerome McCollum, of Illinois. Clement John Gaynor, of Missouri. Walter Andrew Rose, of Ohio. Melvin Roman Eiche, of Wisconsin. George Krakow, of Illinois. Eugene Alonzo Smith, of Maryland. Jerome Louis Fritsche, of 1\.finnesota. Clarence John Wright, of Michigan. Milton Addison Price, of Minnesota. William Henry Hoblitzell, of Ohio. Francis Murrie Tench, of New York. Alvin Ellsworth Anthony, of Maryland. William James R. Akeroyd, of Ohio. Fletcher D. Rhodes, of Missouri. William Burns Caldwell, of Ohio. Lewis Walter Maly, of Utah. Arthur T. Burchill, of Pennsylvania. Glover Johns, of Texas. Raymond Homer Fisher, of Georgia. Frederick William Herms, of California. Harold Justus Parker, of New York. Leslie Dean Baskin, of South Carolina. Curtis Warren Halln.p:i, of the District of Columbia. James Etter Dean, of Oklahoma. Henry Leon Hogan, of Kentucky. John Clarence Campbell, of Oregon. Leland Stewart 'Vilson, of Oregon. Beujamin H. Dean, of Kentuck-y. Dell S. Gray, of Missouri. \Villiam B. Stewart, of Missouri. Julius Link Bischof, of Illinois. Charles Harrison Brammell, of l\Iissouri. John Albert Rowe, of Nevada. 'Villiam Thomas 'Villiams, of Kentucky, Hooker Oliver Lind ey, of Lorusiana. Alrin David Dannheiser, of Alabama,

SEPTEMB~· 29,-

James Russell Conner, of C~lifornia; - Robert Louis Stricknd, of Connecticut.

Roy R. Newman; of Maryland. Boyd Lee Smith, of Missouri. Avery. Giles Holmes, of North Carolina. George Robert Kennebeck, of Iowa. . Alexander Malcom Smith, jr., of Tennessee. Horace Ray Finley, of California. Cecil Roger Hays, of Ohio. Roy Carl Starr, of Pennsylvania. Harold Stiles Embree, of California. Charles L. Andrews, of Kansas. Bryam Sandford Purviance, of California. Joseph Lyon Boyd, of Louisiana. .Joseph Lee Rahm, of Kentucky. Clarence Raymond .Jacobson, of Minnesota. ­Norman Mobbs Mackenzie, of California. Richard Foster Thompson, of Missouri. Henry Hales Collins, of Washington. William A. Moore, of Kansas. Adrian Carso Ragan, of Missouri.

PROMOTIONS IN THE ARMY. MEDICAL CORPS.

• l.

' . I

Lieut. Col. Henry S. Greenleaf, Medical Corps, to be colonel from September 11, 1917, subject to examination required by law, vice Col. George E. Bushnell, retired from active service September 10, 1917.

Maj. Ernest G. Bingham, Medical Corps, to be lieutenant colonel from August 11, 1917, vice Lieut. Col. Charles A. Ragan, retired from active service August 10, 1911.

Maj. James D. Heysinger, Medical Corps, to be lieutenant colonel from August 17, 1917, subject to examination required by law, vice Lieut. Col. Charles C. Billingslea, who died August 16,1917.

Maj. Lloyd L. Smith, Medical C<>rps, to be lieutenant colonel from September 11; 1917, vice Lieut. Col. Henry S. Greenleaf, promoted.

CORPS OF ENGINEERS.

Capt. George R. Goethals, Corps of Engineers, to be major from August 22, 1917, vice Maj. Ulysses S. Grant, third, detailed in the General Staff Corps. - · - '·

Capt. John \V. N. Schulz, Corps of Engineers, to be major from September 2, 1917, vice Maj. Henry H. Robert, who died September 1, 1917.

QUARTERMASTER CORPS.

~ieut. Col. Herbert M. Lord, Quartermaster Corps, to be colonel from September 9, 1917, subject to examination re­quired by law, vice CoL Thomas C. Goodman, retired from active service September 8, 1917.

1\laj. Theodore B. Hacker, Quartermaster Corps, to be lieu­tenant colonel from September 9, 1917, subject to examination required by law, vice Lieut. Col. Herbert M. Lord, promoted.

COAST .AllTILLERY CORPS.

Lieut. C<>l. Samuel A. Kephart, Coast Artillery Corps, to be colo~l from August 22, 1917, vice Col. Daniel W. Ketcham, de­tailed in General Staff Corps.

l\Iaj. Marcellus G. Spinks, Coast Artillery Corps, to be lieuten­ant colonel from July 9, 1917, vice Lieut. C<>l. Roderick L. Car-michael, detailed in Adjutant General's Department. .

Maj. Jacob C. Johnson, Coast Artillery Corps (Inspector Gen­eral's Department), to be lieutenant colonel from August 22, 1917, vice Lieut. Col. Samuel .A-. Kephart, promoted.

Maj. Robert E. Wyllie, Coast Artillery Corps (General Staff Corp ·), to be lieutenant colonel from August 22, 1917, vice Lieut. Col. Jacob C. Johnson, retained in Inspector General's Department.

l\:(aj. William Forse, Coast ~.rtillery Corps, detached officers' list, to be lieutenant colonel from August 22, 1917, vice Lieut. Col. Robert E. Wyllie, retained in Inspector General's Depart­ment.

Capt. George T. Perkins, Con.st Artillery Corps, to be major from July 9, 1917, vice l\Iaj. l\IarceUus G. Spinks, promoted.

Capt. John B. Murphy, Coast Artillery_ Corps, to be major from July 17, 1917, vice Maj. James B. Mitchell, detailed in the Inspector General's Departnlent. _ _ _ .

Capt. Jail·us A. Moore, Coast Artillery Corps, to be major from July 17, 1917, vice Maj. C4arles .0. Zollars, detailed in the Quartermaster Corps. .

Capt. Frank B. Edwards, Coast Artillery Corps, to be major from July 18, 1917, vice l\Iaj. Edward Carpenter, detailed in The Adjutant General's Department.

.

1917- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN ATE.· 7519 Capt. Heru·y C. Merriam, Coast Artillery Corps ( General _Staft

Corps), to be major from July 24, 1917, vice Maj. Alfred S. Morgan, detailed in The Adjutant General's Department.

Capt. Harry W. McCauley, Coast Artillery Corps, to be major from July 24, 1917, vice Maj. Frederick W. Stopford, detailed. in The Adjutant General's Department. ..

Capt. Robert W. Oollins, Coast Artillery Corps, to be YnaJor from July 24, 1917, vice Maj. Henry C. 1\Ierriain, retained in the General Sta:ff Corps. . - . ·

First Lieut. William C. Foote, .Coast Artillery Corps, de­tached officers' list, to be captain · from July 9, 1917, vice Capt. George T. Perkins, promoted. . } ., . y. • •

This is submitted for. the purpose Of correcting er.ro.rs in the <lates of rank and succession of nom.inees. ·

The officers named herein w-ere nominated August 6, 1917, and confirmed August 20, 1917.

Capt. William A. Covington; Coast Artillery Corps, to be major from July 24, 1917, vice Maj. John S. Johnston, detailed in the Adjutant General's Depa1~tment.

Capt. Elisha G. Abbott, Coast Artillery Corps, to be major from July 25, 1917, vice l\Iaj~ Edw-ard L. Glasgow, detailed in the Quartermaster Corps.

Capt. Samuel 1\I. English, Coast .Artillery Corps, to be major from July 25, 1917, vice Maj. Henry M. Merriam, detailed in the Quartermaster Corps.

Capt. Alfred Hasbrouck, Coast Artillery Corps, detached· offi­cers' llst,' to be major from July 25, 1917, vice l\Iaj. Harry P. Wilbur, detailed in the Quartermaster Corps. · Capt. John M. Dunn, Coast Artillery Corps, to be ma:for from Jtily 25, 1917, vice Maj. Robert F. Mcl\1illan, detailed· 'in the Quartermaster Corps. · ·

Capt. Theodore H. Koch, Coast Artillery Corps, to be major from July 25, 1917, vice Maj. ·Jrurus A.' 1\!oore, detailed in the Quartermaster Corps. · · · · · ·

Capt. James L. Long, Coast Artillery Corps, to be major from July 25, 1917, vice Maj. 'Villiam H. Monroe, detailed on am­munition train.

Capt. Ralph 1\I. Mitchell, Coast Artillery Corps, to be major1

from August 13, 1917, vice 1\Iaj. Francis 'V~ Ralston, det:;tiled i'n The Adjutant General's Department.

Capt. Frederick L. Dengler, Coast .Artillery Corps, detached officers'. ist, to be major from August 20, 1917, vice Maj. Louis S. Chappelear, detailed in The Adjutant General's Department.

F4'st Lieut. Cttarle~ L. Kilburn, Coast Artillery Corps, de­tached officers' list, to be captain from July 24, 1917, vice Capt. Charles T. Harris, jr., transferred to Field -Artillery. . .

F1rst Lieut. Robert D. Brown, Coast .Artillery Corps, to be captain from July 24, 1917, vice Capt. ·Donald C. McDonald, transferr~d to Fielcl _Artillery. _ . .

First Lieut. Edward 0. Halbert, Coast Artillery Corps, to be captain from July 24, 1917, vice Capt. Belton C)'N. Kenned,y, transfened to Field Artillery.

First. Lieut. Harry L . . King, .Coast ~rtillery Corps, to be captain· from July 24, 1917, vice Capt. Francis H. Miles, j±:"., transferred to Field Artillery. ·•

First Lieut. .Augustin l\f. Prentiss, Coast Artillery Corps ( Ord­nance Department). to be captain from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. Francis H. Lomax, detailed in the Quartermaster Corps •.

First Lieut. Russell A. Osmun, Coast Artillery Corps, de-. tached officers' list, to be captain from .July 25, 1917, vice Capt. Augustin l\1. Prentiss, retained in the Ordnance Department.

First Lieut. Lester E. Moreton, Coast Artillery Corps, de­tached officers' list, to be captain n·om July 25, 1917, vice Capt.. John .A. Berry, detailed in the QUartermaster Corps.

First Lieut. La Rhett L. Stuart, Coast Artillery Corps} to be captain from July 25, 1917, nee Capt. Charles C. Burt, detailed in the Quartermaster Corps.

First Lieut. John A. Brooks, jr., Coast Artillery Corps, to­be captain from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. Norris Stayton, de-

! First Lieut. Eugene Villaret, Coast Artillery Corps, to be captain from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. James B. Taylor, detailed 1n the Signal Corps. ... . • · · First Lieut. Reiff H~ Hannt]m, Co;1st AJ;tillery Corps, to he ·

captain from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. Albert H. Barkley, de-· tatled in the Quartermaster Corps. · . · . : . ·

First Lieut. Harold F. Loomis, Coast .Artillery Corps, to be captain from July 25, 1917, Vice Capt. William P. Currier-,.. detailed in the Quartermaster Corps. · · First Lieut. Leland Stanford, Coast Artillery .CorPS. _(Signal

Corps), to be captain :from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. Edward· A~ Brown, detailed in the Quartermaster- Corps. . ~ .

FiJ:St Lieut. James C. Waddell, Coast Ar.Q.lle:ry Corps, .to be captain from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. Leliuid. ·H. Stanford; re:--talned in the Sig.ual Corps. . ·-- · · · First Lieut. Richard B. Paddock, Coast Artillel'y Corps, . to.. be­

captain from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. Alexander J. Stuart, de.-. tailed in the Quartermaster Corps, .

First Lleut. Charles C. Griffith, Coast Artillery Corps, to be .captain from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. Richard B~ Paddock, re--tained in the Signal Corps. . .

First Lieut. James R. Haskell, Coast Artillery Corps, to be capo tain from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. Junnius Pierce, detailed in: the Quartermaster Corps. .

First Lieut. James P. Hogan, . Coast.~.rti}le~y Om-ps, to. be cap­tain from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. Jacob Frank, detailed in. the-Quartermaster· Corps. . .

First Lieut. Gooding. Packard, Coast ArtiHm·y. Corps,. to. be cup-,. tain from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. l\IarcefS. Keene, detailed in· the Quartermaster Corps. _ · First Lieut. Glenn P. Anderson, Coast Artillery Corps, to be·

captain from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. Albert C. Wimberly, d:e­tailed in the' Qual~termaster Corps. · First Lieut. Adam E. Potts, ·coast Artillery C'orps-, to be cap· tain from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. George B. Gorham, detailed in the Quartermaster Co1-ps. .

First Lieut. Henry S. Aurand, Coast ArtilleJ.'Y Corps, .to be cap· tain from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. Avery J. Cooper, detailed on ammunition train. . . . .. - .

Fh:st Lieut. Harold E. Small, Cpast htillery Corps,_ to be cap· tain from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. James F. Walkers detailed on ammunition train. ' ·

JJ'irst Lieut. Henry B. Sayler, Coast Artillery Corps, to be cap·· tain from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. Howard K. LoughrY, detailed on ammunition train,

First Lieut. Albert H. War:~,·en, Coast Artillery Carps1 to be cap­tain from July 26, 19~7, vice Capt. Clifford L. Corbin._ transferred. to Field Artillery. ·: . , ·

First Lieut. John F. Kahle, Co:;tst Artillery Oorps, to be captain from July 27, 1917, vice Capt. Thomas F. McNeill, transferre<l 'to Infanb.·y,

First Lieut. Reinold 1\f'elberg, Coast Artillery · Corps, to be cap­tain from July 28, 1917, vice Capt. Thon:ias :0. Sloan, transferred to Field Artillery. · · . ·

First Lieut. Clarence B. -Lindner, Coast A.rtille.ry CoTps, to be eaptain from .July 30, 1917, vice Capt. LeWis S. Ryan, transferred to Field Artillery. _ . . · First Lleut~ John H. Cochran, .Coast Artillery Om·ps, to be cap­tain from August 4, 1917, vice Capt. Henry H. Pfeil1 transferred to Field Artillery.

First Lieut. Logan W. Series, Coast Artillery Corps; to be c.ap;o tain from August 4, 1917, vice Dapt. Harold Geiger, transferred to Field Artillery. · . . .

First Lieut. John K. Meneely, Coast Artlllery Corps, to be cap­tain from August 7, 1917, vice Capt. Charles .T •. Richardson, de­tailed in the Ordnance D.epartment.

First Lieut . .Joseph J. Teter, Coast Artillery Corps, to be cap. taln from August 7, 1917, vic~ Capt . . CbarleS" 1\'L Steese, detailed in the Ordnance Department.

tailed in the Quartermaster Corps-. · · · ·- · · First Lieut. Albion R. Rockwood, Coast Artillery Corps (Oi·d- CAVALRY A.B!ll_,

nance Department), to be captain from July 25, 1917, -vice Capt.. Capt. Joseph A. Baer, Cavalry, to be major n·om August 15,. Richard Furnival, detailed iu the ~uartermaster Corps. 1917, vice Maj. William G. Sills, detailed in the Inspector _Gen-

First Lieut. Frank L. Hoskins, Coast Artillery Corps, to be eral's Department. captain from July 25, 1917, vice Capt. Albion R. Lockwood, Gapt. Charles · F. Martin, Cavalry; detached officer~ list, to retained in the Ordnance Depa-rtment. · " ~ · . be major from August 18, 1917, vice Maj. Abraham G • . Lotti!

First Lieut. John H. Jouett, Coast ·Artillery Corps (Aviation detailed in AdJutant General's Department. Section, Signal Corps), to be captain from July 25, 1917; viee< · Capt. Willis V. Morris, Cavalry, to be major. from August 24, Capt. \Villiam E. De Sombre, detailed in the Quartermaster 1911', vice M'a.j. Conrad S. Babcock, detailed in the Inspector Corps. ' · - General's Department.

First Lieut. Joseph D: McCain, Coast .Artill~ry Corps, to be First ·Lieut. Joseph M. Tully, Cavah·y, to be captain from captain from July 25, 1917, vice Gapt. _John H. ·Jouett, retafned August 14, 1917, vice- Capt. David. L. Rosco~. detailed· in· Avla· in the Aviation Section. · ·.: . ' · · : - : · - · : tlon S'eution.

7520 OONG"RESSIONAL RECO'RD-_ SENATE. SEPTE~IBE:R . 29,"

First Lieut. Pettus H. Hemphill,· Ca'\;1\liT, to· Be captain fi'om August 15, 19_17, vice Capt. Joseph A. Baer,.promoted.

First Lieut. Hugh l\litchell, Cavalry, to be captain from ·August 22, 1917, vice Capt. Philip H. Sheridan, -detailed in the Ge·neral Staff Corps. . _ _

First Lieut. Robert LeG. Walsh, Cavalry, to be captain from August ·24, 1917, sUbject to · e:x:amination required . by law, vice Capt. 'Yillis V. 1\forris, .promoted. .

Second Lieut. Vernon l\I . .Shell, Cavalry, to be .first lieutenant from August ·9, 1917, '1ce First Lieut. Ernest G . . Cullum, pro-moted. . ,

Second Lieut. Emmons L. Abeles, Cavalr;r, to be first lieu­tenant from· August 9, 1.917, \ke First Lieut. George H. Peabody, promoted. . : . · · · ·

Second Lieut. James C. Longino, Cavalry, to .be first lieutenant !rom August 9, 1917, vice First Lieut. Casey H. Hayes, trans-ferred to Field Artillery. . '

Second Lieut. ·woodbury F. Pride, Cavalry, to be first lieu­tenant from August 9, 1917, vice First Lieut. Craigie Krayen­buhl, transferred to Field .Artillery.

Second Lieut. Eugene P. H. Gempel, Ca\alry, to be first lieu­tenant from August 9~ 1917, vice First Lieut. Robert S. Donald­son, transferred to Field Artill~ry.

Second Lieut. Charles B. Sweatt, Caval~·y, to be first lieutenant from august 14, 1917, vice First ·Lieut. Joseph M. Tully, pro-moted. . . . .. · . · Second Lieut. John 1\1. Sanderson, Cavalry, to be first lieu­tenant from Au·gust 15, 1917, vice· Fil'st Lieut. Pettus H. Hemp-bill, promoted. ·

Second Lieut. Charles W. Walton, Cavalry, to be first lieu­tenant from August 22,· 1917, vice First Lieut. Hugh Mitchell, promoted. .

Second Lieut. James V. 1\fc:Conville, Cavalry, to be first lieu­tenant 'from 1\ugust 24, 1917, vice First Lieut. Robert Le G. Walsh, promoted.

INFANTRY ARM.

· Lieut. Col. Robert Alexander. Infantry, detached officers' list, to be colonel from Au'gust 28, .1917, ·vice Hirst, Third Infantry, retired from active service August 27, 1917. · · · Maj. Amos H. 1\Iartin, Infantry, detached officers' list, to be lieutenant colonel from July 29, 1917, vice Burkhardt, Nineteenth Infantry, promoted. · 1\laj. Charles F. Cr~~n, Thirty-sevent~ Infantry, to l;>e lieuten­ant colonel from August 6, 1917, vice Ely, Sixtieth Infantry, detailed in the General Staff Corps. · · · Capt. Frank H. Burton, Infantry (Quartermaster Corps), to be major from August 3, 1917, vice Rlicker, retained in the Quartermaster Corps on promotion. · ·

Capt. George B. Sharon, Infantry (Quartermaster Corps), to be major from 'August 3, 1917, subject to examination required by law. vice Burton, retained in the Quartermaster Corps on promotion. · ·· ·

Capt. A. La Rue Christie, Fifteenth Infantry, to be major from' August 3, 1917, vice Sharon, retained in the _Quartermaster .Corps on promotion. ·

Capt. George H. Wl1ite, T\venty-eighth Infantry, to be major from August 3, 1917-,- vice Martin, Fifty-sixth· Infantry; trans-ferred to the detacheu officers' list. · , - ·

Capt. Harris Pendleton, jr:, Infantry (Quartermaster Corps), to be major from August 3, 1917, vice Arrasmitl\, Tent_h .Infantry, detailed as inspector general. . .

Capt. William G. · Fleischhaller, Infantry _ (Quartermaster Corps), to be _major from August 3, 1917., --y1-·_ce _Pendleton, re­tained in the Quartermaster Corps on promotiOn. · · Capt. Howard ' G. Davis, 'Ninth Infantry, ' 'to be .major from August 3, 1917, vice Fleischhauer, retained in the Quartermaster Corps on promotion. ~

Capt. Ernest Van D. Murphy, Fourth Infutry~ to be major from August 3, 1917, vice Wheeler, Sixty-fourth Infantry, trans­ferred to the detached officers' list.

Capt. Hilden Olin, Twenty-eighth Infantry, to be major from August 3, 1917, vice Leonard, Fifty-fourth Infantry, tranSferred to the detached officers' list.

Capt. Frederick Goedecke, Seventeenth I~antry, to b~ major from August 3, 1917, subject to examinatiQn reqQ.ired by-law, vice Shaffer, Sixth Infantry, transferred to the qetached ·officers' list.

Capt. Albert W. Foreman, Infantry ( detacheq officers' ]Jst), to be major ' from August 3, 1917, subject to exami~ation req~ired by law, vice Ourtis, Forty-fifth Infantry, .transf~rrecl to the de­tached officers' list. ·

Capt. .William S.).Inpes, ',rw~n.tleth. Inf~ntr;y, tp be_ ~ajQr irQ.t;n. AQgust . 3, 1917, subject to examination required ~Y law,· fl_c~

Jordan, Fourteenth Infantry, b·ansferred to the detached officers' list.. _ . - .

Capt. Samuel A. Price, Thirteenth Infantry, to be major. from August 3, ·19:P, vice Gib ·on, unas igned, transferred to the de-tached officers' list. - '

Capt. Fred E. Smith, :Niuth Infantry, to be major from August 3, 1917, vice ·Huguet, Fifth Infantry, transferred to the detached officers' list.

Capt. Perrin L. Smith, Infantry (Quartermaster Corps), to be major from ·Augu t' 3, 1917, ·vice · Sheldon, unassigned, trans­fE>rred to t~e detached officers' list.

Capt. Harry L. Cooper, Infantry ~detached officers' list}, to be mUjQr:from.August 3, 19!7, vice S~ith, retained in the Quarter-master Corps on promotion. · : Capt.~ William S. Sinclair,· Infantry (detached officers' list), to ~ be major from August 3, 1917, vice Taylor, unassigned, trans-ferred to the detached ·officer ' list. · .

Capt. Richmond Smith, Sixty-second Infantry, to be major from August 3, 1917, vice Halstead, First Infantry, transfen~d to the dstached officers' list. ·

Capt. Oha~les L. Willard, Infantry (Quartermaster Corps), to be major from Augw:;t 3, 1917, vice Knight, Thirty-fifth Infl1n­try, transferred to the detached officers' list.

Capt. Rob~rt H. Sill{nan, Twenty-third Infantry, to be major from August 3, 1917, \ice 'Villard, retained in the Quartermas· ter Corps on· promotion. · . Capt. Rl,lfus B. Clark, Infantry (Quartermaster. Corps), to be major from 4-.ugust 3, 1917, -vice Harris, Fourteenth In­fantry, transferred to the detached officers' list.

.Capt. ~thur P. Watts, Twentieth Infanh·y, to be major from August 3, 1917, \ice Clark, retained in the Quartermaster Corps on ·promotion. · · . Qapt. Thaddeus B. Seigle, Twenty-seventh Infantry, to be major from August 3, 1917, vice 1\Iacnab, Twenty-fifth Infantry, transferred to the detached officers' list.

Cf!pt. William A. Carleton, Infantry (Quartermaster .Corps), to be major from August 3, 1917, subject to examination re­quired by law, vice Parrott, Fifty-seventh Infantry, transferred to the detached officers' list. ·

Capt. Lochlin W. Caffry, Infantry (detached officers' list), to be major from August 3, 1917, vice Carleton, retained in the Quartermaster-Corps on promotion.

Capt. WilliamS. Faulkner, Twelfth Infantry, to be major from A-ugust 3, 1917, vice Catlin, Ninth Infantry, transferred to the detached officers' list. · · · Capt. Ernest H. - Agnew, Sixth Infantry, to be major from ~ngust .3, 1917, subject to examination required by law, vice Knabenshue, Sixty-second Infantry, transferred to the detached officers' list.. . - . . . .

Capt. Robed 0. Ragsdale, Infantry (detached officers' list), · to 'be major from August 3, 1917, vice Cummins, Thirty-fifth In­fantry, tran~fen~ed to tlie detached' officers' list.

Capt. Austin A. Parker, Infantry (detached officers' list), to be· rruijor from August· 3, 1917, \ice McCook, Thirty-second In­fanh·y, transferred to -the detached officers' list.

. Capt. Charles 1\1 . • Gordon, jr.., ·Infantry · (detached officers' list), to be major from August 3, 1917, vice -Price, Fifty-fifth Infantry, transferred to the detached officers' list.

Capt. Fred Van S. _Chamberlin, Twenty-first Infantry, to l>e major from August 3, 1917, vice Pond, Forty-seventh Infantry, transferred to the detached officers' list.

Capt. ·wmtam N. Hughes, jr., Infantry (General Staff), to be major from August 3; 1917, vice Cooke, Fifty-fourth Infantry, transferred to the detached officers' list.

Capt. Sylvester Bonnaffon, Third Infantry (detached officers' list), to be major from August 3, 1917, vice Hughes, retained in the General Staff on promotion. · ·

. Capt. Robert C. ~up1ber, Infantry (Quartermaster Corps), to be major from August 3, 1917, vice Powers, T\venty-third In­fantry, transferred to the detached officers' list. . Capt. Joseph C. Brady, Fifth Infantry, to be major from

August 3, 1917, vice Humber, retained in the Quartermaster Corps on promotion. ·

,Capt. Johri H. Page, jr., Twe_!lty-first Infantry, to be major from August 6, 1917, ·vice Crain, Thirty-seventh Infantry, pro-moted. · · · - · :

Qant . . Parker Hitt, . Ni,neteentb Infantry, tQ be major from Augu!'!t 20, ' 1917~ v~ce Conl~y, Infanp-y, una signed, detailed in '!he Adjutant ,Ge~~rhl~s .D~partrri~Iit. · • PROVISIONAL APPOINTMENTS, ;BY PROMOTIO ",IN THE ARMY.

4 •

. . INFANTRY ARM. • .

. second Lieut. :Nicholas Szilagyi, lnfa·ntry, to be first lieutenant ,vi~ii . ra~Ii?in ~Jiine 14,-:1917, to-fili an <?riglnal . '=~~-ancy.

1917. DONGEESSIQN_AL_ -RECORD~SENATE.

, CAV ALBY AltM. -

Second Lieut. Jay Drake Billings-Lattin; Seeond ·ca~alry, to be first lieutenant from November 26, 1916, to fill an exr tillg vacancy. . · ·· ..

This is submitted for the purpose of correcting an error in the <late of rank of nominee. He was nominated to the Senate April 19, 1917, and confirmed May 19, 1917.

PROVISIONAL APPOINTMENTS L.' THE ARMY.

· CAVALRY ARM.

Corpl. John R. Evans, Company D, Second .Telegraph Battalion, Signal Corps, to be seco'nd lieutenant of Cavalry with rank fTOD} September 20, 1917. ·

INFANTRY ARM.

Corpl. Matthew White Paxton, Company G, Thirty-sixth In­fantry, to be second lieutenant to fill an existing vacancy.

Uel Stephens, of Texas, to be second lieutenant to fill an exist­ing vacancy.

PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTME~TS IN THE NAVY.

Lieut. Commander Hillary H. Royall to be a commander in the Navy from the 1st day of July, 1917. ·

The. following-named lieutenants to be lieutenant commanders in the Navy from the 1st day of Jnly, '1917: ·

Isaac C. Bogart, · Julian H. Collins, Lewis D. Causey, and Sherwoode A. Taffinder. The following-named heutenants (juni01; grade) to be lieu-

tenants in the Navy from the 5th day of June, 1917: Hugh V. McCabe and Jesse B. Oldendorf. Ensign Charles T. S. Gladden to be a lieutenant (junior

grade) in the Navy from the 6th day of 'June, 1917. Medical Inspector Luther L. von W~dekind to be a medical

director in the Navy from the 1st day of July, 1917. .- Surg. Henry D. Wilson to be a medical inspector in the Navy from the 20th day of July, 1914. . . ,

The following-named surgeons to be medical inspectors in the Navy from the 23d day of May, 191'1'-: . .

Edgar Thompson and Will 1\f. Garton. The following-named surgeons to be medical inspectors in

the Navy from the 1st day of July, 1917: Francis M. Furlong, Granville L. Angeney, Henry E. Odell, James S. Taylor, and Joseph A. Murphy. · Pas ed A ·st. Surg. George L. Wickes to be a surgeon in the

Navy from the 29th day of August, 1917. · Passed Asst. Surg. William N. McDonneU to be a surgeon in

the Navy from the 11th day of Janunry, 1917. Pas e<1 Asst. Surg. Harry L. Brown to be a surgeon in the

Navy from the 20th day of March, 1917. · · The following-named reserve officers to be ensigns in the Navy,

for temporary service, from the 15th day' of September, 1917: Francis H. McAdoo, · James A. Burbank, Charles K. Cobb, jr., Almy C. Maynard, Ralph L. Dodge, Thomas W. Mather, Joseph L. Day, Raymond L. WatJ·ous, Winn D. Faris, Chester L. Nichols, John S. Brayton, jr., Conant Wait, Charles R. Westbrook, Robert M. Curtis, George T. Jarvis. 2<1, Arthur C. Saxe, Samuel E. Raymoud, Evan R. Dick, jr., Herbert M. Corse, Arthur W. Ford, William L. Worsham, Schuyler Dillon, Frederic A. Merrill. William F. Kurfess, Harold F. Fultz, Edwin Cowles, John 0. Burgwin,

LV--477 : .. ·-·. ·'

Walter H. Wheeler, jr., Folke E. Sellman, Arthur M. Tschirgi, Wayne F. Palmer, Donald l\IcClench, Clifford D. Smith, jr., Robert F. Herrick, jr., Horton Brown, .John H. 'Vilcox, Donald M. Ryerson, Horace Butler. Benjamin ,V, Cloud, 2d, Philip C. Kauffman, Itichard H. Cobb, Franklin King, Comad Chapman, George Taylor, William T. Kirk, 3d, 'Villiam H. :Mny, .John E. P. l\Iot·gan, Hurlan W. How, Henry W. D. Rudd, William W. Grace, 'Vinslow H. French, Irving R. Gale, Ho,Yard G. Cann, Thomas I. H. rowel, Bryan Frere, Thorton Emmons, Mallery K. Aiken, Paul A. Hourigan, Stanford Harmon, John D. Shular. Clarence 'V. Schmidt, Arthur C. Smith, Howard P. Hart, _ Freuerick S. Conner, James L. Sprunt, jr., Arthur C. Hoyt, .. Marion 'V. Lee, Gould T. Miner, William E. D. Stokes, jr., John Upton, George F. Talbot, Percival Van R. Harris, Horace B. Gardner, Charles L. Poor, jr., Bull.:eley, L. 'Veils, 'Valter R. O'Sullivan, J. Harrison Keller, Thomas l\f. Leovy, John Hemphill, Richard S. Maynard, Ernest Gregory, Thomas Robins, jr., George G. Jones, Lyman S. King, Miles Wambaugh, George E. l\:IcQuesten, DeLancey Nicoll, jr., Lewis G. Smith, Paul A. Sherer, Douglas G. Lovell, William W. Slaymaker, Alfred G. Gennert, Sydney P. Clark, Frank T. Hogg, .Junius S. l\Iorgan, 'Valter P. Shiel, John T. Rowland, George D. Howell, jr., Charles Higginson, Hamilton Vose, jr., Joseph C. Storey, William C. Bok, Edward Lloyd, jr., Elmer J. Stoffel, Selim E. Woodworth, John S. Lionber:ger, Roy D. K{:yes, Frank W. Morrell, Francis T. Hunter, Harolrl S. Simmons, Robert W. Emmons, 3d.

7521

"'i

. ~ .

. '

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN A fit SEPTEMBER 29 · - 1:

Arthur T. Leonard, John L. Merrill, William V. Couchman, jr.1 Thomas N. Page, Richard M. Breed,. George R. Hann, Andrew C. Little, Hallowell V. Morgan, Robert B. Noyes, Eugene R. Sturtevant, Henry Hale, jr., Chester J. La Roche, Milton H. Bird, John R. Litchfield, Bai'l'on C. Watson, Ca1·ter B. Burnett, John T. Scully, William J. Curtis, jr., Hayden Crocker, Mathew P. Waller, Robert R. Theobald, Bryant H. Howard, Ralph W. Preston, James H. R. Cromwell, Robert D. Bartlett, Charles H. Bowman, Herbert de H. Glass, and Allan C. Browu. The following-named passed assistant surge<lllS to be surg~ons

ln the Navy, from the 23d day of May, 1917:: Harold W. Smith, Addison B. Clifford, Eugene A. Vickery, Richard A. Warner, Paul R. Stalnaker, Ernest 0. J. Eytinge, and Curtis B. Munger. The following-named passed assistant surgeons: to be Sllrgeons

in the Navy, from the 1st day of July, 1917: Fletcher H. Brooks, John B. l\1ears, George S. Hathaway, Frank E. Sellers, Edward H. H. Old, Edward C. White, Thurlow W. Reed, and Edward U. Reed. The following-named assistant ·surgeons to be passed assistant

surgeons in the Navy, from the lOth day of April, 1917: Carroll R. Baker, Cliff C. Wilson, and George W. Calver. Assist. Surg. John T. Borden to be a passed assistant surgeon

1n the Navy, from the 30th day o September, 1916. The following-named assistant surgeons to be passed! assistant

surgeons in the Navy, from the lOth day of April, 1917: Daniel Hunt, Claude W. Carr, Howard Priest, Robert L. Crawford. John F. Riordan, Ovid C. Foote, Martin B. Hiden, Arthur E. Younie, Arthur E. Beddoe, Louis H. Roddis, Frank H. Haigler, Frederick Ceres, Horace V. Cornett, , James D. Bobbitt, William H. Massey, Harvey R. McAllister • Walter C. Espach, Howard A. Tribou, William B. Hetfield, Jesse B. Helm, Walter L. Haworth, and Thomas A. Fortescue. The following-named assistant paymasters to- be passed assist­

ant paymasters in the Navy, from !Jle dat~s set opposite their names: :

Arthur H. Eddins, August 22, 1915, . John J. Gaffney, September 23, 1915, .Iohn A. Byrne, March 15, 1916, and Eaton C. Edwards, August 2~, 1916 •.

The following-named civil engineers, with the 1"3.nk of lieu .. tenant commander, to be civil engineers in the Navy, with the rank oi commander; from the 1st day of July,, 1917:

Reuben E. Bakenhus, Er1;1est R. Gayle:r, and Archibald L. Parsons. Surg. John T. Kennedy to be a medical inspee.tor in the Nn~

for temporary service from the :Ust day, of August, 1917. The following-named naval constructors, with the rank of

commander, to be naval constructors in the Navy, with the rank of captain, fo1· temporary service, from. the 31st day · ot 'August, 1917:

Richard 1\f. Watt, John D. Bem·et, Daniel 0. Nutting, jr-., William P. Robert, Thomas G. Roberts, Laurence S. Adams, and Stuart F. Smith. The following-named naval constructors, with the rank of

lieutenant commander, to be naval: con tructo:rs in the Navy, with the rank of commander, for tempQrary senice, from thQ 31st day of .August, 1917: ·

Hem-y 1\I. Gleason, William McEntee, John A. Spilman, Julius A. Furer, Sidney M. Henry, Lewis B~ McBrtde; John W. vVoodru:ff, Clayton M. Simmers, Ross P. Schlabach, J'ames L~ Ackerson, Richard n. Gatewood, Isaac I. Yates, George cr. Westervel4 'Vifliam B. Fogarty, Cha1·les W. Fisher, jr." Ilolden (J. FtiehardsQn~ John H. Walsh, Edward C. Hamner, jr., and Emory S. Land. The following-named lieutena:nts to- be lieutenant commamlers

· in the Navy, for temporary serviee, from the 31:St da~· of . August, 1917 :

Lesley B. Anderson, Herbert F. Emerson,. Ronan C. Gradr, Albert S. ReeS', Hollis M. Cooley, Aubrey W. Fitchtr Fred F. Rogers~ Robert V. Lowe~ Harold Jones, Edwin A. Wolleson~ Robert W. Cabaniss,

• Claude B. Mayo·, Herndon B. Kelly~ John B. Rhodes, George H. Bowdey,_ Fletcher C. Starr, John S. McCain, Matthias E. Manly« Reuben L. Walker, ., Alexander Sharp, jr., William C. I. Stiles, Edward D. Washburn, jr., Wilfred E. Clarke, Joe R. Morrison, Claude A. Bonvillian. Garrett K. Davis, William B. Howe, Hamilton F. Glover, Gardner L. Caskey, Albert C. Read, Robert T. Theobald, WilHam L. Beck, Garret .L. Schuyler,. Charles F. Russell, John A. Monroe, Fmnk N. Eklund, Willis W. Bradley, jr., Raymond A. Spruance. Henry K. Hewitt, .William C. Barker, jr.~

.I

...

I I

·i9-17.

Weyman P. Beehler. Arthm· .A. Garcelon. jr., John W. W. Cumming, Roy LeO. Stover, Charles A. Dunn, · .James J. l\1anning, Richard n. l\1nno, Cbarle C. Gill, Augu. tin T. Beauregard, Rus. ell S. Crenshaw, Herbert S. Babbitt, Bryson Bruce, Randall Jacobs, Richard S. Edwards, Clytie n. Robinson, Ralph C. Needhnm, Irving H. Mayfield, · Loui H. Maxtield, Alfred W. Atkins, Clautl A. Jones. George W. Kenyon, Lucien l!'. Kimball, Harold M. Bemis, John M. Schelling, WilHnm 0. Wallace, Bruce R. Ware, jr., William S. Farber. Alfretl W. Brown, jr., Guy E. Baker, William F. Newton, David A. Scott. Miles A. Libbey, Earle F. Johnson, Felix: X.· Gygax, Guy E. Davis, Lemuel M. Stevens, Joseph S. Evans, Charles R. Clark, Che~ ter H. J. Keppler, Johu W. Lewis, Charles G. Dnvy, Horace T. Dyer, Rufus W. l\1attbe"\"\·son, · Damon E. Cumming·s, Warren G. Child, William H. Lee, William P. Williamson, Vaughn V. Woodwnrd, Robert T. S. Lowell, Richard T. Keiran, Charles C. Slayton, .John H. Hoover, Raymontl F. Frellsen, Philip H. Hammond, Harry Campbell, Allan S. Farquhar, Han·ey W. McCormack, Ernest D. McWhorter,

- Bert B. Taylor, Frank R. King, Carl T. ·osburn, and Archibald D. Tnrnbull. The following-named ensigns to be lieutenants (junior grade)

in the Navy, for temporary service,_ from the 1st day of July, 1917:

Henry -M. l\1ullinnix, Ralph E. Davison, Rus ell S. Berkey, George F. Hussey, jr., Osborne B. Hardison, Russell S. Hitchcock, ·willis C. Sutherland, Arthur C. Miles, Frank w. ·wead, Conrad A. Krez, Tuthill Ketcham, Harris K. Lyle, Sidney E. Dudley, Earl l\f. Major, Paul R. Glutting, Walter E. Borden, jr. Arthur C. Geisenbotf, William F. Boyer. ·wmard A. Kitts, 3d, Carroll W. Hamill,

Clinton H. Ha•ill, Byron S. Dague. Frank E. Beatty, jr., Woodbury E. Mackay, Stanton F. Kalk, Clifford H. Roper, Augustus .T. Selman, Milton 0. Carlson, Norman P. Earle, Don P. 1\Ioon, Robert C. Bourne, Thomas J. Keliher, jr., Hugo Schmidt, Clinton E. Braine, jr., Lam·ance F. Safford, \Villiam M. Fechteler, Robert A. Awtrey, Charles S. Baker, Donald 1\1. Carpenter, Gerald F. Bogan, Leon S. Fiske, William F. Loventhal, Harold l\f. Horne, Arthur T. Emerson, Grover C. Klein, Bartley G. Furey, Bertram J. Rodgers, John A. Terhune, Lew W. Bagby, Lyman K. Swenson, Gail Morgan, Gilbert F. Bunnell , Thorwald A. Solberg, Edward P. Sauer, John H. Carson, Robert B. Carney, Arthur \V. Radford, John A. Vincent, Boyd R. Alexander, Frederick B. Craven, Edwin S. Earnhardt,

· John E. Williams, Webster M. Thompso~ Louis R. Vail, Paul S. Goen, Harry V. Baugh, Andrew DeG. Mayer, Charles G. Halpine, John W. Watters, jr .• Walter W. Webb, Henry L. Phelps, Archer W. Webb, John E. Reinburg, Charles J. Wheeler, ' John A. Sternberg, Samuel P. Ginder, Van Hubert Ragsdale, Robert J. Walker, Homer L. Grosskopf, Henry N. Fallon, Maxwell Cole, Henry J. White, Gilbert W. Sumners, Fred D. Kirtland, Arthur D. Burhans, Amos B. Root, Paul W. Rutledge, Albert M. Rhudy, Calvin T. Durgin, James A. Scott, William E. l\filler, Douglas C. Woodward, : Armistead C. Rogers, John D. Price, James B. Ryan, Sidney W. Kirtland, Joseph H. Lawson, Richard E. Webb, Charles T. Gilliam, Thomas V. Cooper, . Newbold T. Lawrence, jr-. l\Iartin B. Stonestreet, Richard H. Jones, Linton Herndon, Leon F. Brown,

'1 .; • , ~ r · -·- ' r ·

-.

~ 7524

Herbert J. Grassie, Isaia h Parker, Chaplain E . Evans, George D. Price, Carlyle Craig, .James P. Compton, Fred \V. Connor, Dallas Wait. .John E. Ostrander, jr., Houston L. Mnples, Ancl1·ew I. McKee, Randall E. Dees, Paul W. F. Hu. chke, Clarence W. Johnson, Frank G. Fahrion, Norhorne L. Hawlings, Frank H. Dean, Harold S. Klein, La\Yrence 'Vainwright, Donald B. Duncan, George F. Martin, Bernard F. Jenkins, E!l,Yard L. Ericsson, Uichard R. Clagborn, John l\1. Bloom. J~~~e L. Kemvorthy, _jr., Albert E. Schrader, William R. Casey, Archibald E. Fraser, Denn!s L. Ryan, Arnold H. Bateman, Charles T. Joy, A1Ya J. 1\Ioore, Nelson N. Gates, Benjamin R. Holcombe, Charles G. Berwind, "Villiam L. Keady, Theoclore T. Patterson, George P. Brewster, Henry B. Broadfoot, John Wilkes, Robert B. Twining, William P. Bacon, 'Vilbur W. Feineman, Bruce P. Flood, Oscar W. Erickson, Henry C. Merwin, James 1\I. S teele, Casper K. Blackburn, Thomas D. Warner, T. DeWitt Carr, Charles P. Cecil, Humbert W. Ziroli, Julius W. Simms, George F. Chapline, 'Vllliam J. Forrestel, John S. Robert , Norman 0. Wynkoop, William W. Schott, Walter B. Cowles, Stanwix G. Mayfield, jr., Edwin F. Cochrane, Gilbert C. Hoover, Walter S. Currington, Roy K. Jones, Hernan J. Redfield, Lowell Cooper. Andrew C. 1\IcFall, Herbert S. Jones,

· Robert N. Kennedy, Carl H. Hilton, .James K. Davis, Cassin Young, Knefler McGinnis, George G. Robertson, Roman .J. 1\Iiller, Frederick E. Haeberle, Edmund E. Brady, jr., George W. 1\I<:Iver, jr., Henry R. Oster, Colin Campbell, Theodore L. Schumacher, Douglas W. Coe, Albert Noble, Ingolf N. Kiland,

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-_SENATE.

! '

:

.

Edward A. 1\Iitchell, Alexander D. Douglas, Homer N. Wallin, Sydney J. Wynne, Earle E. Muschlitz. .Julian L. Woodruff, David C. Fox, Simon P . Fullinwider, William P. 0. Clarke, .Jay K. Allen, Stanton H. Wooster, George T. Howard, Robert L. Randolph, jr., Theodore l\1. Waldschmidt, Adolph P. Schneider, Robert n. Ogg, Harold B. Sallada, George R. Fairlamb, jr., .John R. Cruse, Ross F. Collins, Paul F. Shortridge, .John .J. Twomey, Hugh St. C. C. Sease, Carl F. Holden, Kingsland Dunwoody, Vincent J. Moore, .James H. Conyne, Frederic W. Neilson, Allen I. Price, Byron K. Presnell, Robert W. 1\IcReynolds, jr,1 ,

Harrison A very, Leonard Doughty, jr., Hanson E. Ely, jr., Ralph U. Hyde, Ralph Wyman, George C. Cummings, George 1\I. Keller, Edward J. Moran, .John H. Keefe. Francis W. Benson, Vernon F. Grant, Francis T. Spellman, Carl L. Hansen, Ben H. Wyatt, Warcl P. Davis, Volney 0. Clark, Gale A. Poindexter, Robert W. Fleming, William J. 1\.forcock, Karl K eller, Robert E. Keating, .John N. \Valton, Evan G. Hanson, 'Villiam G. Ludlow, jr •• Leonard B. Austin, .John H . .Jenkins, Emile Topp, Donald n. Evans, Frank .J. Hanafee, John G. l\I. Stone, Clarence 0. Ward, Thomas D. Ross, .John V. Murphy, Peyton H. Park, Kenneth Floyd-Jones, William II. Ball, Seabury Cook. Constantiue N. Perkins, Benjamin 0. Wells, Herbert W . .Jackson, Robert B. Dashiell, .John O'D. Richmond, Andrew G. Shepard, Lisle F. Small, Edmund B. Caldwell, Nicholas Vytlacil, Edward B. Rogers, Charles L. Hayden, Robert G. Tobin, Herbert B. Knowles, Anson A. Bigelow, .John C. 'l'yler, Benjamin Buchal ter, .Joseph W. Gregory,

SEPTEMBER 29,

- - - - I )

1917. CONGRESSIONAL REOORD-:--SENATE.

John T. Metcalf, Benjamin F. Staud, Francis C. Denebrink, Robert B. Matthews, Walter C. Calhoun, Lester J. Hudson, Samuel B. Brewer, Frank W. Lively, Davenport Browne, Franklin S. Irby, Colin DeV. Headlee, Merrill Comstock, Richard W. Gruelick, :>aul U. Tevis, Wilbur V. Shown, George K. Weber, William F. Dietrichl Andrew G. Reaves, Richard H. Harper, Jolin B. Heffernan, HatTY C. Blodgett, Elliott M. Senn, Thomas R. Cooley, jr.; George L. Harriss, Homer W. Clark, Edward Sparrow, Robert L. Porter, jr .• Guido F. Forster, Edward H. Jones, Earl W. Morris, Thomas B. Hendley, Kenneth L. Coontz, Howard F. Council!, Philip W. Warren, Allan R. McCann, Herbert W. Anderson, Carl W. Brewington, Chester M. Holton, Leonard P. Wessell, Frank L. Worden, Frederick L. Weis, Andrew R. Mack, Ralph F. Skylstead, Guy W. Clark, James P. Conover, jr.,; Francis A. Smith, Conrad L. Jacobsen, William M. Reifel, Laurence P. Sargent, Lewis L. Gover. Rollin Van A. Failing,_._ Laurence E. Kelly, Douglas A. Spencer, John J. Barthol:.di1 Harold F. Ely, Stephen E. Dillon. William S. B. Claude, Guy B. Hoover, Oha.rles W. WeitzeL Isidore Lehrfeld, John H. Forshew, jr., WilHam S. Heath, Kenneth M. Hoeffel, and Felix B. Stump.

--....

The following-named officers to be lieutenants in the Navy, for temporary service, from the 31st day of August, 1917:

Earl R. Morrissey, William G. Greenman, Horatio J. Peirce, Hugh C. Frazer, James A. Crutchfield, Charles P. Mason, Grady B. Whitehead, Campbell D. Edgar, Walter S. Haas, _De 'Vitt C. Ram ey, Roscoe E. Schuirman, Abraham C. Ten Eyck, Francis E. M. Whiting, John K. Richards, jr., Stanley G. Womble, Paul S. Theiss, John Wilbur, Robert E. P. Elmer, George S. Gillespie,

Hubert V. La Bomba:td, Edward H. McKitterick, Laurence R. Brown, Leonard N. Linsley, Henry L. Abbott, Elmer L. Woodside, Glenn B. Davis, Palmer H. Dunbar, jr., Ray H. Wakeman, Carl E. Hoard, . Charles N. Ingraham, Adolph v. S. Pickhardt. Paul A. Stevens, George W.-Wolf, Robin B. Daughtry, Walter Seibert, Richard H. Knight, Hugh L. White, Norman C. Gillette, Thomas Shine, -Neil H. Geisenhoff, Lloyd R. Gray, George D. Hull, Solomon H. Geer, Chapman C. Todd, jr1 Paul Cassard, ·walter 0. Henry, Carl T. Hull, Eric F. Zemke, Edward J. O'Keefe, Hamilton V. Bryan, Wilbur J. Ruble, John Le V. Hill, Robert H. Grayson, John L. Hall, James H. Strong, Stephan B. Robinson, Harold H. Little, Hamilton Harlmy, ThaJ es S. Boyd, Daniel E. Barbey, John J. Brown, Carl K. M:trtin, Harry P. Curley, John P. Bowden, Baylis F. Poe, Charles K. Osborne, Ingram C. Sowell, Charles A. Lockwood, jr., William H. Burtis, Hans Ertz, Aaron S. Merrill, Charles S. Alden, Charles F. Greene, Garnet Hulings, Charles W. MCl'lair, Otto M. Forster, Louis R. Ford, William H. P. Blandy, James C. Jones, jr., Herman EJ. Keisker, Bruce G. Leighton, -Roy J. Wilson, Charlie P. McFeaters, Harold C. Van Valzah, Thomas M. Shock, Stewart F. Bryant, Kenneth R. R. Wallace, William B. Jupp, William I. Causey, jr., Frank L. Johnston, George L. Greene, jr., Reginald S. H. Venablet John A. Brownell, Roy Dudley, Laurence Wild, Herbert K. Fenn, James E. Brenner, Paul Hendren, Henry M. Briggs, Joseph Y. Dreisonstok, John M. Kates, Thomas G. Berrien, George M. Tisdale, William L. Wright,

7525-

·7526 - CONGRESSION:A·L RECORD-SENATE. SEPTEJ\'IBER 29; ------ -------. -- - ··-· -·-------------~ -=----____.....,.,-

Elroy L. Vanderkloot, John R. Palmer, Ha~twell C. Davis, Terry 'B. Thompson, Laurance T. Du Bose. Arthur· G. Robinson, Frederic W. Dillingham, Hardy B. Page~·· George B. Junkin, J"ustin ·McC. Miller, Harry R. Gellersted~ Oliver L. Downes, Roy Pfaff, ·

· Earl H. Quinlan, Lloyd H. Lewis, · Samuer N. Moore, Stuart E. Bray, ·' Arthur S. Walton, Arthur W. Dunn, jr.; Philip C. Ransom, Jerome A. Lee, Henry A. Seiller, · Alfred H. Donahue, J"ohn D. Jones, William Masek, Edmund S. McCawley* Langdon D. Pickering. Andrew L. Haas, Franklin B. Conger, jt•., Ligon B. Ard, Joseph H. Ho1'fman, Robert D. Kirkpatricli1

David R. Lee, Rawson J. Valentine, August Schulze, Frank Gunnell Kutz, Noel Davis, Carl H. Jones, Charles B. C. Carey, Carleton F. Bryant, ~ Alfred P. H. Tawresey, John H. Buchanan, Joseph R. Redman, Franklin G. Percival, Theodore D. Ruddock, jr., Andrew H. -Addom.s, James D. Black, William H. Porter, jr.1

Sherrod H. Quarles, William E. Malloy, John M. Creighton, Edmund W. Burrough1 George F. Neiley, Byron B. Ralston, Herbert J. Ray, JoJ::m G. Moyer, Bert F. Clark, Archibald N. Oti:Iey, Richard L. Conolly, Thomas L. Nash, William A. Teasley, Arthur E. Wills, Homer L. Ingram, · Alexander R. Early,

- Vincent A. Clarke, jr •• Philip W. Yeatman, William J. Hart, jr . .: Walter E. Doyle, ·Karl E. Hintze, William W. Meek, Ellsworth Davis, Charles J" .. Parrish~ Paulus P. Powell, Benjamin H. Lingo, Louis J. Roth, Clarke Withers, Tunis A.M. Craven, William G. B. Hatchl Samuel S. Thurston, Valentine. Wood, Leo H. Thebaud; Leman L. Babbitt, James R. Webb, Horace W. Pillsbucy" Walker Cochran,

Julian B. Timberlake, jr •. Laurence W. Clarke, Michael Hudson, Gordon Hutchins, Henry F. Floyd, Raymond Asserson·, Leonard R. Agrell, Jesse H. Smith, Harold P. Parmelee, Frank Hindrelet, Ralph Martin, Maxwell Case, Warner W. Bayley, -· Conrad D. Fry, Henry P. Samson, William J. Larson, Thomas N. Vinson, Herman A. Spanagel, Frank L. Lowe, Theo. D. Westfall, Zeno W. Wicks, Albert G. Berry, jr .• George B. Wilson, William · K. Harrill.: Alfred H. Balsley, Greene W. Dugger, jr .• Charles D. Swain, Albert H. Rooks, Russell E. Perry, Stanley L. Wilson, Charles E. Rosendahl. Robert W. Hayler, Theodore W. Sterling, Hervey A. Ward, William A. Corn, Edwin T. Short, John B. W. Waller,. Robert L. Vaughan, Thomas J. Doyle, jr., Charles F. Martin, Kemp C. Christian, Samuel G. Moore; John L. Vaiden, and Swift Riche. , .. . . The following-named lieutenants to be lieutenant commanders

1 in the Navy from the 1st day of July, 1917: John H. Towers, Isaac C. Kidd, and Charles C. Hartigan. Lieut. (Junior Grade) Theodore H. Winters to be a lieutenant

in the Navy from the 5th day of June, 1917. Ensign Henry P. Samson .to be a lieutenant (junior grade) in

the Navy from the 6th day of June, 1917. · · · MachiJ?,ist PatriCk J'. Solon to be a chief machinist in 'the Navy

from the 5th day of January, 1917. Pharmacist Frank Fulton to be a chief pharmacist . in tlle

Navy from the 30th day of August, 1917; The following-named pay Clerks to be assistant paymasters in

the Navy, for temporary service, from the 12th. day of September, 1917: ,_ .

Arthur G. King, · · Edward H. Littlefield, William R. Parker, · Samuel B. Caldwell, Merritt c. Ha.ti, Berijamin·H: White, Eugene R. Walter, Eugene K. Brooks, jr •• Lester A. Dyekman,. Walter E. Morton, William C. Colbert, Forest G. Lacklan·dt Floyd J. Farber, · Orly Tagland, George ·E. Lord, Percy .T. Hutchison, Marcus E. West, Thomas C. Edrington:. Samuel Mitchell, Matthew A. Mackie, · Melvin E. Throneson, Houston S. Stubbs, Clarence B. Fuller11 Frank E. Herbert,; . William R. Ryani

19t7. OONGRESSIQNAL 1t~O-RD-SENA~

Walter T. Cronin, Capt. Richard B. Creecy ,to be a major 1n--tlre :Marine ~Out_ps Nathaniel E. Disbrow. .ffrom the 26th day of March, 1917. · · . James C. Masters, · Capt. Davis B. Wills, assistant paymaSter, ~to ·cbe lll.Il.llSSistnnt Carl M. Johnson, - a>aymaster in the Marine Qorps, with the .rank ref ·aru.d'm; itirom 'James Fellis, e 26th day of March, 1917. - · Allen J. Marshall, Capt. Fred D. Kilgore to be a major in the.OO:arine .CorP8.'fr-om William E. Lund, lhe 26th day of March, 1917. · John Flynn, Capt. William P. Upshur to be a major J-n {fhe !Murine ~OliJIS Arthur D. Turner, 1from the 26th day of March, 1917. Joseph G. Stanton, Capt. Edward W. Banker, assistant qumeii1Ilastet:, ·'to '!be t8:tl

Will inm E. Todd, llSSistant quartermaster in the Marine Corps mtiftl •'the llllk ..uf Albert S. Freedman, a:najor from the 26th day of March, 1917. Leonard A. Klauer, Capt. William M. Small to be a major .in 1the :Marline :Qorps Joseph O'Reilly, rom the 26th day of March, 1917. Harry H. Reynolds, Capt. Epaminon(tas L. Bigler to be .m lJillijor "ln ~tlre :maxine William H. 1\IcKenna. iCorps from the 26th day of 1\Iarch, 1917. Walter A. Thomas, Capt. Charles R. Sanderson, assistant m:termaste1:, ~to :be !ftll Orville D. Foutch, cassistant quartermaster in the Marine Corps ":With •the rrarik ;of Ernest W. Paynter, major from the 26th day of March, 1917. Beverly W. Jennings, Capt. Walter N. Hill to be a major in thelMarirre DorDps~.em Herbert H. Lowry, tthe 26th day of March, 1917. LeRoy Moyer, The following-named first lieutenants to be mnptdlns ·.tn ~tl:Ie Edward R. McKenzie, arine Corps from the 26th day of March, 19[7-; William J. Smith, George A. Stowell, Benjamin Berkowitz, Henry L. Larsen, Palmer J. McCloskey, John C. Foster, Edison H. Gale, William H. Rupertus, Herman W. Johnson, Keller E. Rockey, Maurice T. Scanlan, Egbert T. Lloyd, John B. Daniels, Allen H. Turnage, Michael J. Dambacher, George W. Hamilton, Harry E. Stengele, David H. Miller, Robert C. Vasey, Matthew H. Kingman, William H. Abbey, Alphonse DeCarre, Herbert C. Lassiter, Cecil S. Baker, William C. Jahnke, · John F. S. ·Norris, Hilton P. Tichenor, Ai·thur Kingston, Michael J. Kirwan, Samuel L. Howard, Arthur P.M. Shock, Lyle H. Miller, Jacques H. E. Everette, !Raw'h TI'~ 7Mi'tCb.eii, Charles W. White, :::R.Olrel.tt ; · • ffi. mnl'Welt, J obn H. Theis, . Lems R. de :Jbmtle, Harry W. Crider, John A. 1\Ii.nnis, Peter J. Penner, DeWitt Peck, Wallace D. Chace, Archie F. Howard, John E. Rob~rts, Raymond R. Wright. Cecil H. Jernigan, ·~:qpert 'M. 1Bnr~n, Clarence A. Miley, "tP.edre A. •l'Iel Walle, Alexander Riggin, Owen E. O'Neill, Bernard A. Morrow, and Walter H. Sitz, Walter R. Lowther. 'Villiam G. Hawthorne, Lieut. Col. William N. McKelvy to be a colonel !in ~eMailne · Oscar R. Cauldwell,

Coq>s ::fumn -:the~ nay ;af u.cb, 19!!7. • . · _ Edward C. Fuller, 1Lieut. Cdl . .&Jhn lH. Rnsstill ;to e :.edlonel i.n -the 1\!farlne: Arnold W. Jacobsen, and

Corps (subject to examination required by law) from tnre 26th: Earl H. Jenkins. day of l\farch, 1917. First Lieut. Anderson C. De!lring to be ra :nap.tftln ln 'the

Lieut. Col. Louis J. Magill, assistant adjutant Rnil ~inspector, :Marine Corps (subject to examination requilreil iby .law) :from to be an assistant adjutant and inspector in he ""Marine fC:ru;ps ;the 26th day of 1\Iarch, 1917. · -with the rank of colonel from .the 26th day of tM.arch, 191.7. .. · The following-named first lieutenants to 'be ~fi.r;!ift Ue.utena:n:ts

Maj. William G. Powell, ass~ant p~ymaster • . to 'be_;~n ·nssmt- ·n the Marine Corps for temporary service, from ·the .22d ·day --ot ant paymaster in the Marine Oorps With the rank :.o.f .lleuten.ant - Iay, 1917. to correct dates of present rank: colonel from the 26th day of March, 1917. Arthur H. Turner and

Maj. Logan Feland to be a lieutenant .enlonel m !he !Matip.e Roy C. ~wink. ' Corps from the 26th day of 1\Iarch, 1917. Col. Charles A. Doyen to be a brigadier generaFin ihe .Marine

Maj. William Hopkins to be a lieutenant ct.IDIDnet .in ihe · Corps, from the 26th day of March, 1917 ~ .ltb;iect ·to ·examin.a-Marine Corps (subject to examination requi.rnil :!by anw.) :fmm 1tion required by law). · the 26th day of March, 1917. Lieut. Col. Melville J. Shaw to be a colurn:H i n the Marine

Maj. Dickinson P. Hall to be a lieutenant 1e:e1one1 :in ·:the · ·corps, from the 26th day of March, 1917, Marine Corps from the 26th day of March,":l.917. Capt. Russell B. Putnam, assistant paymaster, 'to 1b-e ..an assist-

Maj. Charles H. Lyman to be a lieutenant :l!.Olonel in file · :ant paymaster in the l\1arine Corps, with the ;ranK 'Of 'Illftjor, 1\Iarine Corps from the 26th day of March, 19.1.7. ·:from the 26th day of March, 1917.

Maj. Charles C. Carpenter to be a lieutenunt m:owmll l.n the Maj. Frederic M. Wise to be a lieutenant colo-nel in the Marine Marine Corps (subject to examination req_uii:ed :Q.y · RW:) "from ~.Corps (subject to examination required by law)., ffilrom fhejffith the 26th day of March, 1917. .:day of March, 1917. .

Maj. Louis McC. Little to be a lieutenant -:colonel 1n •:file . The following-named first lieutenants to 'be :cn.;p:ta.ins in -the Marine Corps (subject to examination requi:r.ed ~Y !law'j '!fmm · ::Marine Corps from the 26th day of March, 1917: the 26th day of March, 1917. _ James L. Underhill, and

Capt. Eugene P. Fortson to be a major .in 'fire Marine Oor;ps Bryan C. Murchison. from the 26th day of March, 1917. · Alton A. Gladden, a citizen of Maryland, o 'be -a ;sec.onu lieu-

Capt. Jesse F. Dyer to be a major in the .Mn:r:ine ~corps l fllib- ttenant in the l\Iarine Corps for a probatioruu:y period iOf :two ject to examination required by law) from 'the :26th ::dey :of _;years from the 15th day of August. 1917. March, 1917. The following-named captains to be majm'S .in the Ma:rine

Capt. James J. Meade to be a major lin ;the .!:1\lar.ine ~Dr.ps :Corps, for temporary service, from the 22d~day Gf.May, ;9'11: from the 26th day of March, 1917. · Frederick A. Barker, · -

~ - CONGR.ESSIONAL· ·RECORD-~ SENATE~ SEPTEMBER 29.,

... Edward B. Cole, 'William T. Hoadley,. Alexander M . . Watson1 -

Emile P. Moses, Harold F. Wirgman. Joseph A. Rossell, Clayton B. Vogel, Edward H. Conger, Henry N. Manney, jr~ Franklin B. Garrett. 1

.Samue_l W. Bogan,- 1

Calvin B. 1\Iatthews, : Albert E. Randall, Arthur Racicot, Frederick A. Gardener, · Tom D. Barber, Edward ·w. Sturdevant, Andrew B. Drum,

- Victor I. Morrison, Maurice E. Shearer, Harry G. Bartlett, -· Charles A. Lutz, · Calhoun Ancrum, David M. Randall, · Holland M. Smith,; John R. Henley, Henry S. Green, Ralph L. Shepard, Howard W. Stone, William W. Buckley, 'William C. Wise, jr., William D. Smith, Harold B. Pratt, Randolph Coyle, Philip H. Torrey, Robert L. Denig, Charles S. McReynolds, Charles F. B. Price, · and William C. Powers, jr. _ The following-named assistant quariei·maslers with Uie rank

of captain to be assistant quartermasters in the Marine Corps with the rank of major, for temporary service, from the 22d day of May, 1917 : -

Jeter R. Horton, Bennet Puryear, jr., and Russell H. Davis. . . The following-named first lieutenants to be captains in the

1\Iarine Corps, for temporary service, from the 23d pay of May, 1917: 1 • . • ·- l .

Robert S. Hunter, Glenn D. Miller, Burwell H. Clarke, Phi1ip T. Case, Walter G. Sheard, Charles A. Wynn, Thomas E. Watson.: Roger W. Peard, Thad T. Taylor, Herbert Rosenzweig,; Paul Brown, Charles A. Howell, John Denison Nevin, Charles P. Gilchrist, Lloyd L. Leech, George C. Hamner, James M. Bain, . Harold S. Fassett.: : Karl I. Buse, John R. Martin, Gustav Karow, Jesse H. Fugate, jr.,-' Samuel A. Woods, jr •• Raphael Griffin, Horace C. Coopei·, Peter C. Geyer, jr.1 James E. Davis, James T. Moore, William C. Byrd, George B. ReynoldsJI David H. Owen, Joseph E. Brewster • Nimmo Old, jr., Benjamin T. Cripps, Louis W. Whaley~ John 1\I. Arthur,

James F. Jeffords, Jacob M. Pearce, jr.1 Gordon Watt, Thomas P. Cheatham, Thomas E. Bourke, William C. James, ~­Daniel E. CampbeH. William B. Black, J Maurice G. Holmesi Charles C. Gill, . James E. Betts, · NormanS. Hinman, George Faunce Adams4 Wethered Woodworth, James W. Webb, John M. Tildsley, . Le Roy P. Hunt, Louis E. Woods, Edward R. Rhodes, Harry K. Cochran, , Donald R. Fox, \ , William MeN. Marshall. " George H. Scott, " Alexander Galt, l~ Paul R. Cowley, Allen W. Harrington, jr •• Bailey M. Coffenberg, . Eugene F. C. Collier, · Evans 0. Ames, Stanley M. Muckleston. William H. Davis, Richard N. Platt, William E. Williams, William W. Scott, jr., Franklin A. Hart, George Franklin Adams. George ,V. Spotts, -Bruce J. Millner, Emmett W. Skinner. Jesse J. Burks, William LaF. Crabbe. Harlan E. Major, :n'rank L. Morris, William P. Richaras. Edward G. Hagan, Thomas B. Gale, Thomas F. Harris, Charles M. Jones, Lewis L. Gover, Willett Elmore, Arthur H. Turner, an·d Roy C. Swink. .

.,.

The following-named first lieutenants to be captains in the Marine Corps, for temporary service,_ from the 3d day of June, 1917:

Leon L. Dye, Lee W. Wright, Reuben B. Price, George P. Doane, John W. Mueller, · · John F. McVey, John T. Baugh, . Harold H. Rethman·11 ~ Walter J. Green, · James E. Reich, · CarlS. Schmid~ !fofill F. Burnes, Charles Ubel, Charles C. St. Clair, :~ John Waller, Harry Halladay, . Eugene L. Pelletier~ Otto Salzman, Harry V. Sh'ilrtleff11 ~ Fred G. Patchen, William F. Beattie, · Francis E. Pierc~ Harry W. Gamble,. Leslie G. Melville, Edwin P. McCaulley/ Robert F. Slinglutr, Roscoe Arnett, Francis 0. Cushing, Charles L. Eickmann~ Thomas Quigley1

1917~ --.- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--s-ENATE~, :7529 Patrick W. Guilfoyle, Frank Z. Becker, Nathan E. Landon, Eugene L. Mullally, Robert H. Shiel, John J. Mahoney, Albert J. Phillips, Jacob Jacobowitz, James McCoy, Augustus B. Hale, Walter E. McCaughtry, William 0. Corbin, Thomas J. Curtis, John P. McCann, and Maurice A. Willard. The following-named first lieutenants to be captains in the

Marine Corps, for temporary service, from the 16th day of June, 1917:

Harry A.· Ellsworth, Charles B. Hobbs, Warren C. Barnaby, • Maurice C. Gregory, James T . .Allen, Gustav F. Bloedel, John Strong, William A. McGinley, Thomas Dwight, John J. Haley, Walter Wooding, Frank D. Creamer, William Mills, Robert E. Williams, Harry E. Horner, Robert 'V. Maxwell, 'Vllliall.l F. Thalheimer, 'l'homas F. Carney, Benjamin F. Fogg, Howell Cobb, Charlie Dunbeck, Thomas F. Joyce, Charles Grimm, William F. Brown, .James ,V. Lattin, Henry A. Riekers, Augustus T. Lewis, F.;{]ward McEvoy, and Charles D. Meginness. The following-named second lieutenants to be first lieutenants

in the Marine Corps, for temporary service, from the 2d day of June, 1917:

Leon L. Dye, Lee W. Wright, Reuben B. Price, George P. Doane, John W. Mueller, .John F. McVey, .John T. Baugh, Harold H. Rethman, Walter J. Green, James E. Reich, Carl S. Schmidt, John F. Burnes, Charles Ubel, Charles C. St. Clair, John Waller, Harry Halladay, Eugene L. Pelletier, Otto Salzman, Harry · V. Shurtleff, Fred G. Patchen, William F. Beattie, Francis E. Pierce, Harry W. Gamble, Leslie G. Melville, Edwin P. McCaulley, Robert F. Slingluff, Roscoe Arnett, Francis C. Cushing, Charles L. Eickmann, Thomas Quigley, Patricli W. Guilfoyle, Frank Z. Becker, Nathan E. Landon, Eugene L. Mullally, Robert H. Shiel,

John J. Mahoney, Albert J. Phillips, Jacob Jacobowitz, ·• James McCoy, Augustus B. Hale, Walter E. McCaughtry, William 0. Corbin, Thomas J. Curtis, John P. McCann, and Maurice A. Willard. , The following-named second lieutenants to be first lieutenants

in the Marine Corps, for temporary servic~ from the ·15th day of June, 1917: · ·

Harry A. Ellsworth, Charles B. Hobbs, Warren C. Barnaby, Maurice C. Gregory, James T. AUen, Gustav F. Bloedel, 1 ,

John Strong, William A·. McGinley a Thomas Dwight, John J ; Hatey, 'Valter Wooding, Frank D. Creamer, 'Villiam Mills, Robert E. Williams, Harry E. Horner, Robert W. Maxwell, William F. Thalheimer. Thomas F. Carney, Benjamin F. Fogg, Howell Cobb, Charlie Dunbeck, Thomas E'. Joyce, Charles Grimm, William F. Brown, James W. Lattin, Henry A. Riekers,

• Augustus T. Lewis, Edward McEvoy, Charles D. M~ginness, James Keeley, Eugene B. Mimms, William H. Stevens, Henry Baptist, Francis Fisk, Robert W. Williams, Peter Conachy, · ·- -Charles E. Mills, Wilbur G. Gunn, John Blanchfield, Carl E. Clark, and Arthur J'. Stout. The following-named second lieutenants to be first lieutenants

in the Marine Corps, for temporary service, from th~ 30th day of June, 1917:

J'ulius T. Wrigbt, Andrew E. Creesy, Arthu:r H. Page, jr., Donald Curtis, Jesse L. Perkins, and Samuel J. Bartlett. The following-named second lieutenants to be first lieutenants

in the Marine Corps, for temporary service, from the 25th day of July, 1917:

Clarence N. McClure, Michael Kearney, Edward H. W. Holt, Bror G. Brodstrom, Kirt Green, Angus Wilson, Fred Lueders, Charlie Hansen, Charles S. Beale, Raymond F. Dirksen, Walter J. Eddington, jr., Frank Whitehead, James P. Smith, Frank E. Verner, Norman M. Shaw, J'oseph Watson, Abel E. LeBlanc, Oliver A. Dow, J' ohn P. Harvis,

William Borghart, John F. Duffy, William R. Perry, William J. Holloway, Bert Pearson, Harry H. Couvrette. Pink H. Stone, Harry T. Rodenhoffer. Frank Patterson, Charles G. Knoechel, .Qmrles ~. J1tleftel, .Jltihn rF. vans, John A. McDonald, Ray W. Jeter, Albert J. Grimes, Clarence H. 1\!edairy • . Robert Yowell, Louie W. Putnam, Stephen F. Drew, Charles F. Finger, William S. Robinson, Edward G. Huefe, John Kearns, James H. MeGan, James E. Snow, Harry L. Jones, Hans 0. Martin, Robert J. Woodrich, . Harry Paul, William Workman, Alvin J. Daigler, John W. Hingle, Augustus Aike~ Austin G. Rome, tj William Merrill, Joseph Jackson, Clate C. Snyder, William J. Borden, Earl C. Nicholas, Frank F. Zissa, Martin J. Kelleher, Martin Canavan, Joseph M. Swinnerton. Leslie G. Wayt, Charles A. Smith, Robert W. Winter, Edward P. Oliver, Sidney 0. Thompson, Max Cox, William H. Haggerty, Walter J. White, Edgar S. Tuttle, Thomas L. Edwards, Charles MeL. Lott, · oseph · Rear.dnn, iltussell .iA. · :reSley, William L. Erdman, Ernest L. Russell, Frank N. Gilmore, William J. Flanagan, James F. Robertsont William F. Becker, Charles H. Martin, :Rolin ·A. · -ork,

hn:rles ;F. r:rueBast, 'Harvey B. Mims, and , ~ Earl B. Hammond. The following-named second lieutenants to:beffirst 'lieutenant:i

in the Marine Corps, for temporary serviee, · rmn tthe '.'28th·ilayt of July, 1917: · l

Charles G. Haas, and l Charles E. Rice. 1 The following-named second lieutenants to be:Hrst 1ieuten11ntS:

in the Marine Corps, for temporary service, fromi~the . st llay ot;· August, 1917: ·

Mark A. Smith, Timothy J. Holland, Vincent E. Healy, Charles D. Sniffen, Walter A. Powers, William H. Abrams, Edmund G. Chamberlain, Clarence E. Nelson, George H. Martin, jr., Benjamin DeW. Knapp,

Robert J. Archibald, and Gilder D. Jackson, jr.

SEPTEMBER. :29~

The following-named second lieutenants to roo 'first .teutenants in the Marine Corps, for temporary service,tfrom:tbe'"lth ·ilay. of August, 1917: - · - - .

Percy D. Cornell, Newton Best, Angus A. Acree, William A. Worton, Jonas H. Platt, James F. Rorke, Charles McK. Krausse, Alan V. Parker, John F. Horn, .Ross W. Davidson,

lenD lE .. :Ha:yt!S, 1Eibmmd tL. iesner., Robert L. Duane, Lynn B. Coovert, Robert A. Kennedy, John F. Talbot, Stanley A. Beard, John L. Garner, jr-., John W. Thomason, jr., Stewart B. O'Neill, and Clarence Ball. The following-named second lieutenants to .be.:ilrst lteutena.nts

in the Marine Corps, for temporary service, 'from ;the lll'th ~ tlay of August, 1917 :

Kenneth E. Schwinn, Dan E. Root, Merritt B. Curtis, Charles T. Brooks, James L. Denham, Herbert Hardy, Richard B. Buchanan, Benjamin R. A vent, WilUam H. McCormick. David R. Kilduff, James A. Connor, Einar W. Jacobsen, Hugh McFarland, Walter D. Shelly, Bert A. Bone, Charles B. Maynard1 Carl F. Dietz, Oliver .P. Smith,

Ml.J.gh ·&tppey., o~J)b ·· G. 'J:Wa.r'd,

Baptiste Barthe, Sidney R. Vandenberg, Robert C. Thaxton, James D. McLean, Thomas S. Whiting, Robert Blake, Henry D. Linscott, John G. E. Kipp, William T. Clement, Ralph E. West, Euvelle D. Howard, Alfred H. Noble, Keith E. Kinyon, Harlen Pefley, Frank D. Strong, Lyman Passmore, Louis W. Bartol, Donald Kenyon, Clifford 0. Henry, John Sellon, .Joseph T. Smith, Hiram R. Mason, Horatio P. Mason, Carleton S. Wallace, ·George B. Lockhart, John D. Macklin, Jack S. Hart, Omar T. Pfeiffer, Robert S. Pendletolls Drinkard B. :Milner, Roscoe A. Parcel, Davis A. Holladay, Frank P. Snow, · Samuel W. Freeny; Julius C. Cogswell, William H. Harrison1

1917 .. CONGRESSIONAL: RECORD-SEN ATE.

Campbell H. Brown, Fred W. Clarke, jr., Edmund P. Norwood,

- Edwin R. Brecher, . Thomas T. McEvoy, William H. Price, Lewie G. Merritt, and Harry C. Savage, jr. The following-named second lieutenants to be first lieutenants

in the Marine Corps, for temporary service, from the 16th day of August, 1917 :

John Frost, George F. Smithson, John P. Adams, Henry E. Chandler, Otto E. Bartoe, Ernest E. Eiler, Harold D. Shannon, Robert M. Johnson, Louis R. Jones, Ramond J. Bartholomew, Bruce B. MacArthur, Claude A. Larkin, Macon C. Overton, Erwin Mehlinger, Wiliam B. Croka, Lothar R. LOng, Gilbert D. Hatfield, Amos R. Shinkle, Bruce Gootee, jr., George H. Morse, jr., Marc J.\.1. Ducote, Wesley W. Walker, Lewis B. Freeman, Lucian W. Burnham, William K. Snyder, Shaler Ladd, Robert l\.1. Montague, Alfred C. Cramp, James T. Yarborough, and John A. Willis, jr.

CONFIRMATIONS. E:cecttti-t:e nominations confirmed by the Senate September 29,

1917. UNITED STATES A'ITORNEY.

Emon O.Mahoney, to be United States attorney for the western district of Arkansas.

CoLLECTORS OF CusToMs. Byron R. Newton to be collector of customs for customs collec­

tion district No. 10, with headquarters at New York, N.Y. John 0. Davis to be collector of customs for customs collection

uistrict No. 28, with headquarters at San Francisco, Cal. l

NAVAL OFFICER OF CUSTO:MS.

James H. Barry to be naval officer of customs in customs col­lection district No. 28, with headquarters at San Francisco, Cal.

APPOINTMENTS IN THE ARMY.

CORPS OF ENGINEERS.

To be second lieutena'it-ts. Cadet Herman Heriry Pohl. Cadet Gerald Alford Counts. Cadet Hiram Baldwin Ely. Cadet Kenneth Mason Moore. Cadet Charles Dashiell Harris. Cadet Edmond Harrison Levy. Cadet Thomas Dodson Stamps. Cadet Bartley Marcus Harloe. Cadet Starr Clifton Wardrop. Cadet Girard Blakesley Troland. Cadet Llewellyn Mason Griffith.

CAVALRY ARM.

To be second lieutenants. Cadet Grayson Oooper Woodbury. Cadet Duncan Gregor McGregor. Cadet Thomas Jackson Heavey. Cadet Wallace Francis Safford. Cadet Joshua Ashley Stansell. Cadet Raymond Eccleston Serveira Williamson. Cadet David Charles George Schlenker •. Cadet Harry Tremaline Wood. Cadet Earl Frank Knoob. Cadet Robert Earl Symmonds.

Cadet_John Richard Wilmot Diehl. Cadet Rudolph Daniel Delehanty. Cadet William Henry \Vhiting Reinburg. Cadet Elmer Hugo Almquist. Cadet Frank Leslie Carr. Cadet Frank Edmund Bertholet. Cadet Marion Carson. ·

· Cadet Rossiter Hunt Garity. Cadet Frank Charles Jedlicka. Cadet Leo Buffington Conner. Cadet John Boersig Saunders. Cadet Arthur Burnola Curtis. Cadet Desmond O'Keefe. Cadet Hal l\Iarney Rose. Cadet Frederick John Durrschmidt. · Cadet Milton Wickers Davis. Cadet John Bellinger Bellinger, jr.

FIELD ARTILLERY ARM.

To be second lieutenants. Cadet ·Thurston Elmer Wood. Cadet John l\Iichael Johnson. -Cadet William Oliver Reeder. Cadet William Karl Kolb. Cadet William Robert Gerhardt. Cadet Theodore Earl Buechler. Cadet Frederick Edwin Tibbetts, jr. Cadet Samuel Durand Ringsdorf. Cadet Redmond Francis Kernan, jr. Cadet Theodore Leslie Futch. Cadet Russell Luff Meredith. Cadet William Innes Wilson. Cadet Harold Allum Cooney. Cadet John Thornton Knight, jr. Cadet 1\Iiles Andrew Cowles. Cadet Lawrence l\IcCeney Jones. Cadet Gordon Graham Heiner, jr. Cadet Edward Joseph Wolff, jr:

COAST ARTILLERY CORPS. To be second lieutenants.

Cadet Dean Ingersoll Piper. Cadet Otto Max J enk. Cadet Herman Uth Wagner. Cadet Philip Stevens Day. Cadet George Walter Hirsch. Cadet Forrest Clifford Shaffer. Cadet William Riley , Deeble, jr. Cadet Frank Fenton Reed. Cadet John Will Coffey. Cadet Frank Celestine l\Ieade. Cadet Lawrence Dwight. Cadet Everett Thurston Brown. Cadet Clyde Hobart Morgenthaler. Cadet Willard Merrill Hall. Cadet Tracy Campbell Dickson, jr. Cadet Robert Wilson Hasbrouck. Cadet Howard Patterson Faust. Cadet John Taylor de Camp. Cadet Wallace Duncan Collins. Cadet Sargent Prentiss Huff. Cadet William Henry Donaldson, jr. Cadet Henry Maris Black. Cadet Willard David Murphy. Cadet Council Bryan Palmer. Cadet John Claron Hawkins.

INFANTRY ARM.

To . be second lieuten.ants. Cadet Joseph Isadore Cohen. Cadet Henry Anson Barber, jr. Cadet Robert Alston Willard. Cadet John Marcus Erwin. Cadet William Beggs Carswell, jr. Cadet Wilson Gunning Bingham. Cadet Charles Cope Bartley. Cadet Robert MacDonald Graham. Cadet Rudolph Francis Whitelegg. Cadet Loyd Van Horne Durfee. Cadet John Henry Norton. Cadet William Winchester Paca. Cadet John Ter Bush Bissell. Cadet Charles Aloysius Mahoney. Cadet George Senseny Eyster. Cadet Henry Richard Anderson. Cadet William McCaskey Chapman.

7531~

'I I\ , - ' - ( . .CONGRESSIONAL RE€j0RJJ-: ][@USE;.. SEPTEMBER' 29:~·

Cadet Kenneth Paul 1\Im;ruy.;. Cadet Roger Walton Stambridg~­Cadet Norman McNeill . Cadet Glen Henry Anderson. Cadet Bryant Epward :Moore. Cadet Leo Vincent Warner. Cadet Howard Alston Deas. Cadet Henry William Bobrink.. Cadet Onslow Sherburne Rolf-e;. Cadet Louis Armistead Freeman..: Cadet Henry Perkins Gantt. Cadet Je se Brooke Matlack. Cadet Julius Earl Schaefer. Cadet Theodore Desmond Schmidi Cadet Parr'y Weaver Lewis. Cadet Edward Wrenne Timberlake•

_ Cadet Vincent Nicholas 'L'aY,ior._ Cadet William Wallace Jenna._ tJadet William Ric.fiard' Fleming. Cadet Paul Wallace etne. Cadet Francis Porter Simpsoru Cadet Harry Cooper -Barnes, j:r; Cadet Robert J olm Hoffman. Cadet Clare Wallace Woodward.: Cadet J ohn Stevenson Mallory;_ Cadet Frederick Dent Sharp-. Cadet William Sydney B..a.crett Cadet Paul Ryan Goode. Cadet Harry Niles Rising. Cadet Josephus Benjamin Wilson.r Cadet Henry Cornelius Demuth.. Cadet Lowell Meeker Riley. Cadet Edwin Clark Maling. Cadet George Draper Watts:. Cadet Emil Krause. Cadet Robert Lynn Bacon. Cadet Walker Gibson White. Cadet Earle Everett Sarcka~ Cadet Edwin Jacob House. Cadet Arthur Charles Purvis .. Cadet James Jackson Hea. Cadet Edgar Bruce Moomau. Cadet Frank Sidney Long. Cadet Carlisle Brittania Wilson. Cadet William Edward Whittington, Cadet Harold Lewis Milan. Cadet Robert Amedee Bringham. Cadet Horace Harding. Cadet Earle Adams Billings. Cadet Royal Harry Place.

Posn.aSTEB; ARKANSAS.

P. G. Henry, Texarkana.

H OUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. SATURDAY, Septe_mlier i8fl; 1ff1'l:

The House met at 12 o'clock neon. The Chaplain, Rev. Henry N. Couden, Dt D.,_ offered: th~ fol­

lowing prayer : 0 Thou, who art supremely good, all wise· and powerful,. touch

us, we beseech Thee, with Thy· spirit, tfiat our eyes may.- be opened amid an the perplexing (iUestions· of life and the sin which doth so easily beset us to- the path! of d'uty, and: give-us the courage and Christian_ manhood to walk therein, with all faith and confidence, leaving, the results_ to _Thee who doeth all things well. Thi we ask rn the faith and the hope and the spirit of the Lord Jesus Christ;_ the: worl(Ps great Exemplar. Amen.

The Journal of the proceedingsJ of' y,esterlfu.y- WUS' read: arret ap­proved.

W XR. REVENUE.

Mr. KITCHIN. Mr. Speaker; I_ ask unanimous consent· that I may be permitted to file for printing: under the rule the: c-on­ference report upon the bill' H. R. 4280, the-revenue,bill, together with the statement of the manager , at. any time, befor& 12 o'clock to-night.

The SPEAKER. The gentl~man: :frem North Carelimr asks unanimous consent to file the- conference> report orr the revenue bill, together with :the statement of' the managers, at any time before midnight to-night. Is there: obj'ection:?·

l\fr. KITCHIN. To be printed in. the RECORD to-nigpt.

)\fr. MADDEN. Mr. Speaker, reserving_ the· right· t<J' object, I desire to ask the gentleman when he exnects to· call the bill· up for consideration?

M.r. KITCHIN. On.Monday next . . The report will.: be prlnted in the 'RECORD to-night.

:Mr. MADDEN. And it is the intention o~· the gentleman to call it up the first thing on Monday after the t'eading, ot the

· Journal? M . KJXC:Hm. · Yes. The·· SPEAKER: Is, therer objection? Mr. AUSTIN. C~ we get a copy of the bill to--day?'-Mr. KITCHIN. No; it will be printed to-night and copies

. may be had to-morrow. The SPEAKER. I s there objection? There was no objection.

MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNI!I'ED· STATES.

A message from the President of the United States1. by Mr. Sharkey, one of his secretaries, announced· that the· President had approved and signed bills of the following titles:-

On August 7, 1917: H . R. 3331. An act for the protection of' aesert-land entrymen

who enter the military or naval service of the- United States· in time of war.

On August 8, 1917: H. R. 4285. An act making appropriations fu r · the constructiun,

repair, and preservation of certain public wonks. on· rivers:. and harbors, and for other purposes.

On August 10, 1917 : H. R. 4188. An act to provide further for the: national secu:ctty

· and defense by stimulating agriculture and faeilltatmg: tha dis­tribution of agricultural products; and

H. R. 4961. An act to provide further for the· national secnrlty and defense by encouraging the production, conserving the' sup­ply, and controlling the distribution of foed pr.oducts; and. :fuel~

On September 24, 1917 : H. R. 5901. An act to authorize an additional issuEr of bonds

to meet expenditures for the national security anu: dclen~ an.d, for the purpose of assisting in th~ prosecution-of' the war; to:: ex­tend additional credit to foreign gpvernment.s . a:nd! for other purposes.

On September 25, ·1917: S. 2830. An act extending the· time- f.o the construction of a

bridge across. the Arkansas lllve.:r. between the cities of Little ROclr and· Argenta, Ark. ; and' · · S. 2477. An act to authorize:· the construction of a building for the use of the '1Tea.su:ry. Department.

. . On, September 28, 191 'T. .. H. R. 5335. An act to extend the time·. fun · eonstruct'ing· a

bridge across the Tug, Fonm of the.. Big; Sandy River near War­field, Ky., and Kermit, W. Va.r authoriZed' by an act. approved .Tammry. ~. 191'6_.

MESSAGE FRO:X. THE. SEN-ATE.

A messa-ge: from~ the: Senate: by M'r!.. Waillbr its enrolling_ clerk;. announced that the:- Senat _had insisted upon; its amendments to the bill (H._ R. 5949) making a ppronria tions to supply deficiencies fn appropriations- for the.. frscal' year ending· .Iune_ 30·, 1918~ and prior years, on account of-wa:rr e~penses; and for otlier-purposes, disagreed to by the Erouse· of Representatives, had agreed to the conference asked by the. House: on· tlie• disagreeing votes of the two Houses thereon~ and had; appointed: Mr. MARTIN, Mr. SH.AFROTH, Mr. UNDERWOOD, Mr. WARREN,.an<Ll\1r. SMOOT a~the conferees on the part of the SenateL

The message also announced tliat the Senate' lind: passed' the following concurrent resolution, in which the- concurrence- of the House of Representatives was: reques.ted':

Senate concurrent. resolution:. 13 R_esolv ea by the Senate (the House• of' Representative: oon-cut·rf·tto}.

T]Jat in the enrollment of the bill (.ffi R; 3932) tu• prohibit the- manu­facture, distribution, storage, use, and· possession: in time of. war: of explosives, providing regulations fo the su:fe manufa-cture, distributiOn, storage, use, and possession of tlre· same, and. for: otlrer. purpuses, . the Clerk of the House of Representative tm, and lie- bJ, hereby, authorized and directed to insert after the word " explosives," in the first proviso of section 5 of the bill as agreed to • iir. conference, the words "are not subject to the provisioJL of t~s act."

PRIVILEGES -Oli! THE- HO~SE.

l\fr. POU. Mr. Speaker, r ru;lt unanimous- consent to have read from the Clerk's desk, without comment upon my part, a letter from the Secretary of State, wfiich~ has just been received. ' The SPEAKER. The gentleman· from North• EJarolina asks

unanimous cODBent to- Have· read' and! prihted in· tlie RECOBD a letter from the Secretaryo of' State;. without any comment on· his own part.· Is . there objection?

1917. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE·. 7533 l\!1·. MOORE of P-ennsylvania. Mr. Speaker, reserving the

right to object, I would like to ask the- g-entleman if this letter relates to any contt·oversy as ~tween the State Department and the House of Representatives?>

Ah·· . .POU. I do not think it relates to any· controversy. It is a very specifie dedaration on the part of th-e State Depart­ment w.hlch I think the House of Representatives would lik-e to bear.

Mr. MOORE of Pennsylvania. In the judgment o:( the gentle­man, is it such a l~tter aR will provoke a controversy thi.s morn­ing on the floor of the House?

Mr. POU. I do not think it is. If it were, I would not offer it.

The SPEAKER. It will not, else the Chair would not have­recognized the gentleman to offer it. Is there. objection? [After a pause.] The Chair hears. none-, and the Olerk will read the letter.

The Clerk read as follows :

HQn. E,DWARD. W. Pou., H ous.e of Revre8entatives.

DEPAR'Pl\IE.N'P OF ST.A.TE, Wq.soo1g~on, Sep,tember f8, 19~

MY DEAR MR. Pou : In response to your inquiry ove~; the telephon~ to-day, addressed to the department, I beg to inform you that the State Department bas qo evi;<lenco that could. in any, waY, connect a ?Jembel' of Congress with tbe uayment of money by. the Gennan. Embassy. in its propag..mda activities.

I take the liberty of quoting a statement issued· by the- Secretary of State on- September ~•- which indicates bis opinion on tbis. subject :

" If there is any misunllerstanding, I wish to say vel:'y emphatically. I do not see how the Bernstorff message in any way, re.fiects upon Con­gress or any Member. Apparently it was· the· l>urpose to employ agencies to in.tluen.ce tbem of which they would have no knowledge and in case they were il)llqen.c(ld would be entirely, innocent, I do not k:J,low what the organization was. This e:q>os~ ls apropos of Germa-n: methods of pea~e propag~nda- and there- is no intention of casting· suspicion on Mem­bers ot Congress:•

Believe me. D)Y dear Mr. Pou., Yo~~s, ver:v, truly, Acu~s:;eti;;,:~txState.

LEAVE OF ABSENCE.

By un,animous· consent, leave-of absence was granted to. Mr. LABSEN for two days, on account of important business on behalf ot <!o.nstituents.

PUBLIC BUQ:.:OING A~· DURANT, OKLA.

Mr. CARTER of Oklahoma .. Mr. Speaker, I ask uuanimous consent for the present consideration of the. bill (H. R. ·6094} amending the act to increase- the. limit of the. cost of certain public buildings; and so forth. This bill does not involve any appro.­priation a.t all ..

l\1r. ~1ADDEN. Mr. Speaker, I reserv.e the right to object. Mr. STAFFORD, Mr. Speaker, this.b.ill is on the Unanimous

Consent Calendar. Are we to understand that the report upon the revenue bill will take p:cecedence over unanii;nou.s-co.nsent business· on Monday next, which is· unanimous-consent day?

The SPEAKER. It will not, unless. unanimous· con.ser.t is bad to set that bill aside. Mr~ STAFFORD; Of course there cal1l not be; any great pres­

sure for considering this bill and other bills on the Calenda~ for Unanimous Consent if the calendar is to be considered on Monday.

The SPEAKER, The. Chair can not answer whether the Unanimous Consent Calendar· will be- considered on Monday or not.

Mr. STAFFORD. The gentleman fl.tom N.Qrth Carolina gave notice that he was going to bring ·UP the report on the revenue bill on Monday. I assume from that that he intends sometime to a k to dispense with business in order on Monday next.

Mr. CARTER of Oklahoma. Mr. Speaker, the only urgent nece sity for the. consideration of this bill is the fact that a contract has been let for a public building and it can not be completed as the Treasury Department thinks it should be on account of the authorizations.

The SPEAKmR. Is there objection?. Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. Speaker, let the bill be reported first. The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the bill. The Clerk read the bill, as follows ~ Be it enactea1 etc., Tba:t the public bulldings act, appro-ved March 4,

1913, entitled 'An act to increase the limit of . cost of certain public buildings, to authorize the enlargement, · extension, remodeling, or improvement of certain public buildings., to authol'ize the erection and completion of public buildings, to autborize the purchase of sites !01' public buildings, and for other purposes" (Pubhc No. 432), and all other authorizations and appropriations passed in pursuance thereof for the- consti:uctlon of a post office at Durant, Okla., be, and the· same are hereby, amended so a::J to authorize and appropriate the use of funds apportioned to Durant, Okla., for the construction and equip~ ment of a United States. post office and other Go-vernment offices at Durant, Okla. •

1\lr. MADDEN. Mr. Speaker, rese"tving the right to object, I wourd like to ask the gentleman fro-m Oklahoma how much this Increases the limit of cost, as tire bilr does not say?

Mr. CARTER of Okl.a.homa. It does not increase the cost at all, and no appropriation is made here; It simply provides that the appropriation which was made for the post offi-ce might be used for tbe post office and other Government offices. Nowr if the gentleman will let me explain for a moment further, when the public buil~ing was authorized at Durant in 1913 there were no other Government activities at Durant. Since that time there has been established there an Indian agency of about six: to eight ·persons, some agricultural agents, two or three in number, I think, a civil-service examination board, post-office inspector, and a naval recruiting station. The letter of the department does not set out in detail these things, but does set out the necessity fur the legislation. Since the letter was sent to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds I have gotten in communication with Mr. Wetmore and he furnished me the other Government agencies that would have to be cared for, and it amounts to some 10 to 18 persons.

Mr. MADDEN. I would like to ask wh-at the population of the town of Durant is?

Mr. CARTER of Oklahoma. The population in 1915 was some 5 300. The school census taken last year indicates. a population of something over 10,000.

Mr. MADDEN. What is the limit of cost placed. on the build­ing that is authorized to be e~cted there now?

Mr. CARTER of Oklahoma. Eighty-fiv& t;housabd dollars, building and site. There is no increase provided in this bill.

Mr. MADDEN. But this bin contemplates an incr~ase; there can not be any doubt of that.

1\Ir. CARTER of Oklahoma. This · bill contemplates the use of a fund whicb the department had not contemplated using and perhaps it contemplates taking off some things from the building in tbe way of ornamentation. and so forth, and using tt to. prQvide more room space.

Mr. ~fADDEN. Does the gentleman assure the House that the necessites of the other activities in this building will not mcrease the cost?

Mr. CARTER of Oklahoma. Absolutely, if the Trea-sury De­partment officials-. can be believed,. because it is set out in the letter, which perhaps, the gentleman has not had time. to read--

Mr. MADDEN. I have read 1t. If ther-e is no - increase in the- cost-. - ·

Mr. CARTER of Oklahoma. I will say ta the gentleman tha.t I shall not ask for any increase in cos.t. That is as far· as I can go. I can not, of course, commit th~ Treasury Department.

Mr. MADDEN. But when the Treasury Department gets the . power to use a fond for other purposes than the one originall.y intended, of course they will make plans for doubling this build­ing and wm come· irr here and ask for appropriations· carrying more. than- twice the amount originally appropriAted.

Mr. CARTER of Oklahoma. I do not think so. I do· not thlnk: tha... will be necessary, because they have several thousand dollars. left no,t to be u ed anyway.

Mr. MONDELL. WiU the gentleman yield? Mr. CARTER of Oklahoma. I wilt Mr. MONDELL. The situation as I understand 1t is this:

There is sufficient money available to construct the character and type of building to accommodate- these additional govern­mental actiVities. The Treasury Department does not feel au­thorized· to so construct a building as· to provide for them in view of the fact that nothing but post-office activities were pro­vided! for- in the original bill?

Mr. CARTER of Oklahoma. That is true, and the comp­troller has ruled that the funds can not be used for the construe­tion of anything except a building for post-office purposes.

1\Ir. MONDELL. As a matter of fact, I think that the de­partment does sometimes provide for other Government activi­ties not specifically mentioned in the law, but in some cases, as ln this, they have declined to do so, and therefore it seems en­tirely proper that additional authority, if it is necessary, should be granted.

Mr. BURNETT. Will the gentleman yield? 1\fr. CARTER of Oklahoma. Yes'; ·I yield to the gentleman

from Alabama. Mr. BURNETT. Instead of costing any more this will prob­

ably save• for if it is not passed the Government will have to pay the· cost of 'renting offices for these other activities. Assur­ances have been given that they wiD not ask the committee or Congress to increase· the appropriation and instead of increasing the amount that it will eost it will probably save the Government the necessity of renting other buildings for these oth-er activities

. if it is not grant~ and the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds, ef which· ram a member, took that into consideration In addition to. the· fact that no additional appropriation would be asked.

' •. l .CO;NGR:ESSION_ tL_ R-EOOR.D~~OUSE; SEPTEJ\IBEB 29,

Mr . . NORTON rose. l\Ir. PARKER- of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker---1\Ir. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, I desire to say, on yesterday-­The SPEAKER. Let us see about that. Mr. PARKER of Ne\v Jersey. I want to ask the gentleman

a question. · The SPEAKER. Fol· what purpose does the gentleman rise? 1\Ir. 1\IADDEN. 1\Ir. Speaker, I ask for the regular order. 'The SPE..\KER. The regular order is the discussion of this

bill. 1\lr. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, unless I can address the House

for 10 minutes I shall have to object. The SPEAKER. The gentleman has a perfect right to object. Mt'. NORTON. 1\lr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad­

dress the House for 10 minutes at the conclusion of the consid­eration of this bill.

The SPEAKER. The gentleman can not make that request during the discussion of this bill.

1\'Ir. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, then I object. EXPLOSIVES.

l\lr. FOSTER. Mr. Speaker, I call up the conference report on the bill (H. R. 3932).

The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Illinois [Mr. FosTER] culls up a conference report, which the Clerk will report by title.

The· Cie1~ read as follows: An act (H. R. 3932) to prohibit the manufacture, distribution, stor­

age, usc. and possession in time of war of explosives, providing regula­tions for ttre safe manufactltre, distribution, storage, use, and possession of the same, and for other. pu,rposes. .

l\Ir. FOSTER. l\Ir. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that the statement be rea<l in lieu of the report. · ' . The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Illinois asks unani­

mous consent that the statement be read in lieu of the report. I · there objection? [After a pause.] The Chair hears none.

The statement -was read. ·

CONFERENCE REPORT (NO. 168).

The committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. 3932) to prohibit the manufacture, distribution, storage, use, and possesSion _in _time of w.nr of explosives, providing regula­tions for the safe manufacture, distribution, storage, use, and possession of the same, and for . other purposes, having met, after _f\lll and free conference have agreed to recommend and

- do recommend to their re pective Houses as follows: . . T.hat the House receue from . its disagreement to the amend­

ment of the Senate numbered 1, and agree to the same. . · That the House recede from its disagreement to the amend:­ment of t11e Senate numbered 2, and agr.ee to the same with an amendment as follows: In lieu of the matter proposed by the Senate i_nsert the followlng: .

"SEc. 2. That the words 'explosive' and 'explosives' when used herein shall mean gunpowders, powders used f9r blasting, all forms of high explosives, blasting materials, fuses, . det­onators, and other detonating agents, smokeless powders, and any chemical compound or mechanical mixture that contains any oxidizing and combustible units, or other ingredients, in such proportions, quanti~ie~ or packing that ignition by fire, by_ friction, by concussion, by percussion, Qr by detonation of, or any part of tJ1e compound or mixture may cause such a sud­uen generation of highly heated gases that the resultant gaseous pressures are capable of producing destructive £ffects on con­tiguous objects, or of destroying life or ·limb, but shall not in­clude small-arms or shotgun cartridges: Pro?Jided, That nothing herein contained shall be construed to prevent the manufacture, under the authority of the Government, of explosives for, their sale to or their po session by, the military or naval service of the United States of America.

" SEc. 3. That the word ' ingredients ' when used herein shall mean the materials and substances capable by combination of producing one or more of the explo i\es mentioned in section 1 hereof.

"SEc. 4. That the word 'person,' when used herein, shall in­clude States, Territories, the District of Columbia, Alaska, and other dependencies of the United -States, and municipal subdivi­sion thereof, individual citizens, firms, associations, societies and corporations of the United States and of other countries at peace with the United States.

" SEc. 5. That from and after 40 uays after the passage and approval of this act no person shall have in his poss~ssion or purchase, -accept, receive, sell, give, barter __ or otherwise dispose of_ or procure explosives, or ingredients, except as provided in this act: Pro,.,'ided, That the purchase or possession of said in­gredients when purchased or held_ in smalf quaq.tities and -n-Qt used or intended to be used in the manufacture of explo;:;lves:

Provided fttrther, That the superintendent, foreman, or other duly authorized employee, at a mine, quarry, or other work, may, when licensed so to do, se'l or issue, to any workman under him, such an amJ.mnt of explosives, or ingredients, as may be required by that workman in the performance of his dutie , and the workman may purchase or accept the explosives or ~ngredients, so sold or issued, but the person so selling or i~su­mg same shall see that any unused explosi,es, or ingredient , are retm·ned, and that no explosives, or ingredients, are taken by the workman to any point not necessary to the carrying on of his duties.

" SEc. 6. That nothing contained herein shall apply to ex­plosive or ingredients while being transported upon vessels or railroad cars in conformity with statutory law or Interstate Commerce Commission rules.

:'SEc. 7. That from and after 40 days after the passage of thiS act no person shall manufacture e~-plosiYes unle s licensed so to do, as hereinafter provided.

" SEc. 8. That any licensee or applicant for license hereunder shall furnish such information regarding himself and his busi­ness, so far as such business relates to or is connected with explosive or ingredients at such time and in such manner as the Director of the Bureau of !\fines, or his authorized representa­tive, may request, excepting that those who have been or are at the time of the pas age of this act regularly engaged in the manufacture of explosives shall not ·be compelled to disclose secret processes, costs, or other data unrelated to the distribu-tion of explosives. ·

" SEc. 9. That from and after 40 days after the passage and approval of this act every person authorized to sell issue or dispose of explosives shall keep a complete itemized 'and a~cu­rate rec~rcl, showing each person to whom. explosives are sold. given, bartered, or to whom or how otherwise disposed of an<l the quantity and kind of explosives, and the date· of each' such sa~e, gift, barter, or othe_r dl position; mid this record shall be sworn to and furnished to the Director of the Bureau of Mine , or}1is authorized repres.entatives,~ whenever requested. •

SEc. 10. That the D1rector of the Bureau of Mines is herebv authorized to is ue licenses as follows: · ~

" (a) Manufacturer's license, authorizing the. manufacture . posse ion, and sale of explo.shyes and ingredients. '

"(b) Vendor's license. authorizing the purchase, posess-ion, and sale of explosives or ingredients. ·

" (c) Purchaser's license, authorizing the purchase and po -session of explosives and ingredients. .

" (d) Foreman's license, authorizing ~e pur<.:hase and po se -sion of explosh-es and ingredients, and the sale and issuance of explosives and ingredients to workmen undei· the proviso to section 5 above. · ·

" (e) Exporter's license, authorizing the licens·ee to · export explosives, but no such Hcense shall authorize exportation in violation of any proclamation· of the President issued under any act of Congres . · ·

"(f) Importer's license, authorizing the licensee to import ex-plosives. · ·

"(g) Analyst' , educator's, inventor's, and investigator's licenses authorizing the purchase, manufacture, possession, test­ing, ancl disposal of ·explosives and ingredients.

" SEc. 11. That the Director of the Bureau of Mines shall issue license , upon appli~ation duly mad~, but only to citizens· of the United States of America, and to the subjects or citizens · of nation that are at peace with them, and to corporations firm·, and associations thet·eof, and he . may, in his discretion' refuse to issue a license, when he has reason to believe, fro~ facts of which he has knowledge or reliable information, 'that the applicant is disloyal or ho tile to the United States of America, 01: tha~, if the applicant is a · firm, association, society, or corporation, 1ts controlling stockholders or members are dis­loyal or hostile to the United States of America. The director may, when he has reason to believe on like grounds that any licensee is so disloyal or ·hostile,' revoke any licen e i sued to him. Any applicant to whom· a licen e· fs refused or any licen ee whose license is revoked by the said director may, at any time within 30 days after notification of the rejection of his application or revocation of his license, apply for such license or the cancel­lation of such revocation to the Council of National Defense, which shall make -us order upon the director either to grant or to \vithhold the license. ·

"SEC. :12. That ' any person desiring to . manufacture, sell, ex­port, import, store, or purt;hase _explosi•es or .ingredient , O!.' to keep exp~os~ves ~r ipgr~dien,ts in his pos e~sio~1, shall make application for a license, . w,hich application shall state, .under oa_th, th,e , na_me ~~ the applicant; the place of b!rth; whet"Qer native born or naturalized citizen of the United States of A:in'ei-ica; · if a nat~u·~Iized ... citizen, the date a?cl place _of natu-:

1917 . . CONGRESS! ON AL RECORD-HOUSE. 7535 ralizati.on; business in which engaged; the amount and kind of ·e:x:plo ·ives or ingre<lients which during the past six months have been purchased, disposed of, or used by him ; the amount and kind of ·explo ives or ingredients now on hand; whether sales, if any, have been made to jobbers, wholesalers, retnilers, · or reonsumers; the :kind of license to be issued, and the kind and amount of explo ives or ingredients to be authorized by the licen e · and such . further information as the Director of the .Bureau' of .Mines may, by rule, from time to time require.

~Applications for vendor's, purcha er's, or foreman's licenses shall be made to such officers of the State, TerTitory, or depend­ency having jurisdiction in the district within whi{!h the ex­plosives or ingredients are to be sold or used, and havi?g the power to administer oaths as may be de ignated by the Director of the 'Bureau of Mines, who shall issue the ·same in the name of such director:. Such officers shall be entitled to receive from the appiicant a fee of 25 cents for each ·ucense issued. They shall keep an accurate record of all licenses issued in manner .1md form to ·be pre. cribed by the Director of the Bureau of Mm~, to whom they shall make reports from time to time as may be by rule issue<l by the director required. The neces ary blan~s -and blank records shall be furnished to such Qfficers by the said director. Licensing officers shnll be subject to removal for cause bv the Director of the Bureau of Uines, and all lieenses issued by them shall be subject to revocation by the director as Jlro­vided in section 11.

"SEc. 13. That the Pre ident, by and with tlle -advice and con ent <>f the Senate may =-'PPOint in each State and in .Alaska an explosives inspecto~·. whose duty it shall be, under the direction of the Director of tb.e Bureau of Mines, to see .:that this act is faithfully executed and observed. Each su-ch inspectm: ·shall receive a salary of $2,400 per annum. He may at any time be · detaile<l foT service by said ·di ·ector in the District :of Columbia -()r in any State, Territ<'>ry, or depenclency of the United States. All additional employees required in carrying out the provisions . of this act shall be appointed by the Director of the Bureau of Mines, subject to the .approval ·of the Secretary of tlle Interior.

"SEc . .14. Tha.t it shall be unlawful for any person to repre­sent 'bimself as having a license issued under this .act, when he has

occurring. In the pro ecution. of ffil:Ch investigations the em· ployees of the Bureau of l\Iines are hereby grant-ed :the authority to enter the premi es where such explo i<>n or :fire has occun-ed, to examine plans, books, and papers, to administe1· oaths to, and to examine all witnesses and 'Persons concerned, without let or hindrance on the part of the owner, lessee, operator, or agent thereof.

·~sEc. 21. That the Director of the Bureau of Mines, with the approval of the President is hereby authorized to utilize such a·gents, agencies, and all officers of the United States and of the several States, . Territories, dependencies, and municipalities thereof, and the District of Columbia, in the ·execution of this act, and all agents, agencies, and all officers of the United. States and of the several States and Territories, dependencies, antl municipalities thereof, and the District of Columbia, -shall hereby have full authority for all acts done by them hi the execution of this act when acting by the diTection of the Bureau of Mines.

" SEc. 22. That for the enforcement ·of the p1·ovisions of this act, including personai servi<'es in -the District {)f Columbia and elsewhere, and including supplies, equipment, expenses of travel­ing and subsistence, and for the J}ui·chase and hire of animal· draw or motor-propelled passenger-carrying vehicles, and pp· keep of same, u.nd for every (}ther expense 1ilci-d~t to the enfOl'ce· ment of the provisions of this act, there is hereby appl'opriated, out of any money m the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, the sum of $300,:000, or so much thereof -as may be necessary :. Pro~ vided, That not to exceed $10,000 shall be expended in the pur· chase of motor-propelled, passenger-carrying vehicles."

And the Senate agree to the ... arne. · l\1. D. FosT~ EDWARD T. T.A:p,O.R;, E. E, DENI.SON'

Ma11af}c1·s on. t'he pari of the Ho·u.s.e.. KEY P::rr'l'MAN' JOHN F. SHA:F:R.OTH, MlLES POINJ)EXTEB,

Managers en the part of tlt-e Senate.

not sneh a licen e, or as having a license different in form or 1n STA.TEMEN.T. _ conditions from the one which he in fact has, or without prope1· . The manag-ers on the·· part of the .House,'. after full and fr-ee .a.uthority make, -cause to be made, i sue or exhibit anything · conference <On the disagreeing votes {)f the two Houses on the purporting or pTetending :to be sueh license, or intended to mis- · amendments of the Senate 'to H. R. 3932, to proldblt the manu· lead any person into believing it is such a license, or t~.; refuse facture, diStr'ibution, storage, u e, and possession -in time of war i.u rexhlbit l1is license to any peace .officer., Federal or State, or of explosives, J}roviding regt=tlations for the ·safe manufacture, 1•epr enta::i.ve 'Of the Bureau of Mines. distribution, storage, n e, and possession of the same, n.n4 f'-Gr

"SEC. 15. That no inspector or other employee of the Bureau of -other purposes, submit trhe f{)llo-wing in explanation of ·t:ne Mines shall divulge :any inf{)rmation obtained in the course of ·changes ag•reed upon by the conference committee and sabm'itred his duties under this act Tega:rding the busine s <>f .any licensee, in the conference report. or applicant for license, without authority from the applicant On m:nendment No. 1: The Senate added the words ~except for license or from tbe Director ·of the B.\u·ean_ of MJne . as in this act 'Provided." The House reced-es and agre~ to tOO

"SEc. 1-6. That every person authori.z.ed under this act to same. manufacture or store -~losives or. ingredients shall elea~ly On amendment No. 2; The Senate struck rout sections 2, 3, 4, mark :md define the prem1ses on. which this :plant or magazm~ nnd 5 and inserted new language. 'The Hou e ngrees to t'b.'is may be and shall conspicuously display thereon the words ' Ex- I -amendment with the ·following amendments: . plosives-Keep ·Off.' . . : Strike out all of ·section 4 and insert the followiug 1::rnguag,e

"' SEc. 11. That no person, w1thout the consent of t~'le owner l in lieu thel'eOf: "That the word 'persons," when used herein, ·or his authorizec~ agents, except pea~e officers, t~e J?Irect~n: of . shall include States, Territories, the District of ee,lumbia, .Alaska, tbe Bur·e~u of Mmes .and persons deSI~ated by h:m m wnt~ng, and other dependencies of fhe United States, and municipal -sub· shall be m or upon rany plant or pre~nses on winch explosiyes . divisions thereof, individual citizens, firms, associations, so~ nTe mmmfactured or -sto:·ed, m: ':be m or upon any magaZine · .cieties and corporations ·of the United States and 'Of other coun· ])remises on which explosives are stored; nor shall ~Y per~m ; tries -~t peace with the United States." discharge ·any firearms or _tlll•o:v -ar place any expl{)s:ves 'Or ;m- , Section 5: .Strike out the word " thirty~· and insert th-e :ttam~bl~ ~otnbs -a~, on, . 01 agamst any such plant .or magazme ' word "forty:., In the same section, after the word "act," just pr~rmses~ or cau e the ~e t~ b~ done. . . preceding the proviso., insert the following proviso : " P.rovidcdJ.

SE~. 18. That_the Director of tl1e_Bnreau of 1\l~nes.Is hereby "That the pm·chase or possession of said ingredients when pm;· :m.thonzed t? mn.te ·rules a~d regulations for calTying mto e:n:ect chased or held in smnll quantities and not used or intended 00 th!~ act, subJect to the ap.prov~~ of ~he Secretary <>f the .I~erwr. .be used in the manufacture of explosives." After the w~rd

SE.c. 19. That any pe1son -vw~tmg any of the proviSIOns of "P ·a d, . rt the word "furt1ter." In the ·same section th~s act, or a~y- rules m: regulations mad": thereunder, shall be aft~~v~: wor~~~issue, strike out the wol·ds "at the beginning gm~ty of a m1saemeano~ an.~ shall be purushed bY. a fine of no~ . of a shift." In tbe same section after the word ... dutie&," where -m01e than $5,000 or by.ImP_~J.sonment ~ot more than one year, or it first appears, strike out the words "fot· that shift ont:;-:" by}oth sucp. fine and l:npns~nment. . . . - .After the word ".return " strike out the worilB ""at 'the end of

SE<:· 20. Th~t the _Director of tbe ~meau of Mmes 1~ hereby the shift." .At the end of the section· strilre out .th:e words u..:for authon.zed t_o ~vest1g.~!e all exp~~~wns and fires wh1ch ?DRY . that shift." occur m mme , quarnes, factone::s, warellouses: ma~UZllles, . . Str·ik· y t · th ·d " ·rt ' . d · ·t th ~ord 'houses cn:rs boat conve"'-·anc..x: and all pilaces m which ·ex- · Section 1 · e on e wor .SI Y an mser e '

' I ' I ,} ~"{I I "f •ty II

:plosives or the ingredients thereof are manufactured, trans- : · or : . .· . " . .. , . . th d .p01~te:J., stored, or u ed, and shall, in his discretion, report his Sechon 9. Strike out the word s1xty nntl msert e wor finding , in such manner as he may deem fit, to the proper Fed- " forty .. " · eml or State authorities, to the end that if such explosion has Section 11: .After the word "the," and before the word " -na. been brought' about by a willful act the person 01· person causing tion," ·insert the words "subject ·.or citiz-ens .Qof.'' In the sa:Dle

-snc11 act may be proceeded against aricl'brm1gllt to jnstice; or, if csection, strike out ,the words !'the c_i~zens" and in ert the -said e:xpl{)sion has been brought about bY .accidental means, word " to." ' -that precautions may be taken to prevent similar accidents from Section · 12: Strike out the words "or organization."

. .

CO ;GRESSION£\._L- RECORD-HOUSE . . - SEPTE~IBER 29,

.After the word " used " and before the word- '' ha\ing :• in­sert the word" and."

After the ·word " oaths " insert a comma. figures " 50 " and insert the figures " 25."

Strike out the

Section 13: Strike out the word "shall" and insert the word "may."

At the end of the section, after the word " 1\Iines," strike out the period and insert a comma and add the following words: "subject to the approval of the Secretary of Interior."

Section 17 : After the word " and " and before the \Yord "designated" insert the word "persons."

Strike out the words " employees thereof " and insert the words" by him in writing."

Section 18 : After the woru " act " strike out the period and insert a comma, and add the words " subject to the approval of the Secretary of the Interior."

Section 20: Strike out the words " or which since the com­mencement of the pre ent war haye occurred."

Section 21: After the word "1\Iines," in first line, insert the words " with the approYnl of the President."

Section 22: After the word " vehicles " strike out the words "and boats." · -

Strike out the figure "4" and insert the figure "3," so as to read " $300,000."

l\1. D. FOSTER, Enw ABD T. TAYLOR, E. E. DENISON,

Managers on the part of the House.

Mr. STAFFORD. 1\lr. Speaker, if the gentleman does not intend to explain the conference report, will he· yield me 10 minutes of time?

Mr. FOSTER. In just a minute. I want to stute, 1\Ir. Speaker, that the House proYided the President should pro­mulgate the regulations and make theiL in effect after so many days. ~'he Senate sb·uck out those provisions and wrote into this law these regulations providing for licenses and under what conditions the licenses hould be issued and to what per­sons. They struck out of the House bill sections 2, 3, 4, and 5 and inserted new matter which was different from the House provisions, except in one or two particulars, which are prac­tically the same as the House bill. The House conferees in going over the bill found that there were some provisions in the Senate amendment that would not be applicable, especially in coal-mining ilisb.·icts. That is, it provided that there should be issued the necessary explosive for one shift only. Those who are acquainted with the coal-mining industry of course know that a miner purchases and takes into the mine a keg of powder at a time, and that nuder State law it is required to be locked up in u secure place and kept there until the whole amount is used, and that you could not carry powder in and out of the coal mines each day or for that particular shift. I understand from metal men that that would not be so difficult to arrange. So the conferees struck out of the Senate amend­ment the provisions as to these shifts and only requires the superintendent of the mines to see that none of that explosive is removed from the mines.

The Senate provided that there should be a mining in pector in each State, and that the President should appoint him. Tlle conferees on the part of the House believe that it might not be necessary that there should be an explosives director appointed in every State, and so changed the words to "may" instead of "shal1," so that he may appoint one, in his judgment; if neces­sary, and would leave it to the President how many he would appoint; but otherwise he would not do it.

Now, these are the principal changes that have been made in the bill. The Senate pro\ided for an appropriation of $400,000. The House conferees believed that $300,000 was sufficient to carry on this work. Both bills provided that, with the ap­proval of the President and the Secretary of the Interior, all the Federal and State agencies might be utilized in this work, such as the mining inspectors and superintendent of mines, wherever it might l>e necessary.

Mr. KNUTSON. Will the gentleman yield? Mr. FOSTER. Yes. Mr. KNUTSON. I would like to ask the ge_ntleman from

Illinois whether the right of homesteaders in the timbered sec­tions of om· country to keep a supply of explosives on hand has been nfeguarded in this bill?

Mr. FOSTER. I think o. It provides a safeguard for public use, and the only thing they would have to do would be to secure a license to handle those explosives. . · ·

Mr. KNUTSON. They are allowed under tl}is bill to keep it on hand? · · ·

Mr. FOSTER. Yes.

.. 1\Ir. HAMLIN. The print of- the bill ·containing the Senate

amendment, under section 10, subdivision (d), reads as follows: Foreman's licens~. authorizing. the purchase and possession of ex­

plosives and ingredients; and the sale and issuance of explosives an.d ingredients to workmen under the proviso to section 4 above.

It is not very clear to my mind. Section 4 above as agreed on reads: .

That tLe words "person " or " citizen of the United States of .America " and the personal pronouns, when used herein, shall include States and other governmental entitles and the municipal subdivisions tl1ereof, individuals, firms, associations, societies, corporations and all other bodies carrying on business in the United States, its Territories and dependencies. · .

There is no proviso to that section. Now, to what does this subdivision which I first read apply? It occurred to me that the number of that section was in error.

Mr. FOSTER Yes; I think so. I think possibly that may be a mistake.

Mr. HA.l\ILIN. Possibly it meant to say "in accordance with the 'provisions ' of the section."

Mr. FOSTER. That may be what it.meant to say. Mr. HAMLIN. Yet I hardly see how the matter treated of in

subdivision (d) of section 10 applies to section 4 at all. I hardly see the connection. · .

Mr . .FOSTER. I think that it may be a typographical error if at all. . _'

1\fr. HAMLIN. I was inclined to think that it ought to be "provision," but it does not read well as it is. -

1\11·. FOSTER. No; I do not think it does, if it reads that way~ Mr. HAMLI~. Has the gentleman the original notes? . Mr. FOSTER. I do not l1ave them here. . Mr. STAFFORD. Will the gentleman yield to me some time

while examining t11at, or does lle wish to bold the floor? Mr. FOSTER. I will yield 10 minutes to the gentleman. In

the meantime I will examin~ to see if any mistake has been made.

.1\lr. STAFFORD. Mr. Speaker, the bill before the House as agTeed to in conference has not heretofore been considered by tbi ' House. The bill as it passed the House was a regulatory measure, vesting in the President the authority to control the manufacture and the storage of explosives. It carried no appro­priation. The bill went to the Senate, and the Senate brought back a bill providing for an · elaborate method of licensing, which had not been considered by the House at all. When con· sent was asked by the gentleman from Illinois to send this bill to conference, I asked him whether he agreed with the Senate provision, and he stated positively that he did not, but that he believed the House bill was far superior. At that time I did not approve of the Senate provisions, but we have them now before us for approval.

It is difficult for me to ascertain what is the real purpose of this supervisory in pedion · and of the machinery for its enforcement which is provided by this bill, involving an ex­penditure of $300,000, and providing for an inspector of ex· plosive · in every Stute at a salary ·of $2,400.·

Mr. MADDEN. :rtfr. Speaker, wiJl the gentleman yield? 1\fr. STAFFORD. Not just at this minute. Small-arms and

shotgun carh·idges are excepted from the provisions of this bill. If the purpose of the bill is to supervise the manufacture of explosives, that is one thing. But whem they go to the ex­tent of requiring a license, as this bill provides, for the manu· facturer, for the vendor, for the purchaser, for the foreman, for the exporter, for the importer of explosives, and of all ingre­dients involved in the manufacture of eJ..-plosives, I think they are going to an extent that has been unheard of in any of the super"Vi ory legislation of this Congress. Let me just read to the Hou e--becau e it ha not been read or considered at any time by this Hou e-what this law does.

Mr. WINGO. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? Mr. STAFFORD. In a moment, after I get•through with my

preliminary statement. I read: SEc. 10. That the Director of the Bnreau of Mines is hereby au-

thorized to issue licenses as follows : . (a) Manufacturer's license, authorizing the manufacture, possession,

and sale of explosives · and ingredients. (b) Vendor's license1 authorizing the purchase, possession, and sale

of explosives or ingredients. (c) Purchaser's license, authorizing the purchase and possession of

explosives and ingredients. . (d) Foreman's license, authorizing the purchase and possession of

explo~ives and ingredients, and the sale and is uance of explosives and ingredients to workmen under the provi o to section 4 P.bove.

(e) Exporter's license, authorizing the licensee to export ~xplosives, but uo such license shall authorize exportation in violation of any proclamation of the President is ued under any act of Congress. ,

(f) Importer's licen e, authorizing the licensee to import explosives. (g) Analyst's, educator's, inventor's, and investigator's licenses; au­

thorizing the purchase, manufacture, possession, testing, and disposal of czplosives and ingredients.

1917 ... CONGRESSIONAL ·RECORD-HOUSE. .7537i Why, gentlerpen, under the licenses authorized and -required

u.nder this new Senate bill that is under consideration here, every druggist in the country, every person who has in his possesr.:ion any ingredient that goes into the manufacture of eXplosives, will be required to obtain a license. And for what? For the pro­tection and safety in the manufacture of explosives? I do not think that anyone contends that that is the purpose. For pro­tection and secl,lrity in the transportation of · explosives? There is a provision in this bill that especially exempts the provisions of this bill from the carriage of explosives in interstate com­merce. For the prevention of the transportation of powder abroad? No one will contend mat there is any chance what­ever, under the embargoes now established, that there will be any possibility of any powder being sent to any foreign foe.

What is the purpose? At no time during the consideration of this bill has the purpose of creating this elaborate machinery, involving an expense of $300,000, been explained to this House; not in any instance.

Now I will yield to the gentl~man from illinois [l\.Ir. MAD­DEN], who first asked me to yield.

Mr. MADDEN. I wish to ask the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. FosTER], my colleague, a question.

Mr. STAFFORD. I can not yield for that. ~ir. MADDEN. It is in connection with the statement that

the gentleman made. Mr. STAFFORD. My time is limited. Of course if I can get

additional time, I will be glad to yield to the gentleman. Mr. MADDEN. It is right in line with the statement. Mr. STAFFORD. Then I yield. Mr. MADDEN. · I understood my colleague, when he was ex­

plaining the bill, to say that the Senate bill provided for the ap­pointment of an inspector in each State, but that the report of the conferees cut that out, and made a general inspector.

Mr. STAFFORD. No. The gentleman said the Senate pro­vision was mandatory, compelling the President to appoint one of these $2,400 inspectors J.n each State, and the conferees in­serted the word" may."

Mr. MADDEN. That is mandatory, too. 1\Ir. FOSTER. The conferees thought by changing the word

there that the President would be left free to exercise his dis­cretion.

Mr. MADDEN. All the executive officers of the Government construe the word " may " to mean the word " shall."

Mr. STAFFORD. That was before it was changed. Mr. :MADDEN. That assumes that they knew if it were

changed it would not give any patronage. Mr. STAFFORD. As to the provision authorizing the Com­

missioner of Mines to investigate explosions and fires, there can be no objection to that feature. But as to the great army of employees provided for, involving the establishment of a vast artificial system of patronage and licenses, so that you can not go into the manufacture or the sale or any disposition of any of these ingredients that go into the composition of explosives with­out first obtaining a license, as I said a moment ago, requiring a druggist to take out a license before he is permitted to handle one of these ingredients-that is going to an extreme that I think is unheard of and not warranted by any existing condition of affairs.

The SPEAKER. The time of the gentleman from Wisconsin has expired.

Mr. STAFFORD. I would like to have a few minutes more. I was interrupted.

Mr. FOSTER. Mr. Speaker, I yield to tbe gentleman five mi.i:mtes more.

The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Wisconsin is recognized for five minutes more.

Mr. BATHRICK. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield?· Mr. STAFFORD. · Yes. Mr. BATHRICK. Does not the gentleman know that you can

go into any drug store in this town and get the ingredients for a dollar or two that can be made into a mixture that will blow up this Capitol?

Mr. STAFFORD. I do not know that that is true. Mr. BATHRICK. That is true. I can tell you how to do it. Mr. STAFFORD. Well, the gentleman is an expert on it,

and--1\Ir. BATHRICK. No; I am not; but I can sho~ you that the

proposition is true. Mr. STAFFORD. I can not see any need of requiring a

license-requiring druggists and all the others to take out a license. After taking out the license there is no restriction what­ever in the use of it. It is clearly cumbersome and needless re­straint. It is merely, in my opinion, wasting a large sum of money by employing a large number of unnecessary officials and

LV--478

·employees to be attached to the Bureau of Mines. Three hundred thousand dollars is not considered much these days, when you are voting billions of dollars; but this bill, ·since it was brought into this House, which I thought was largely the result of the explosions in Jersey City, so as to give the National Government some authority to control and supervise the shipment and the care in shipment of high explosives, has been changed so as to alter its entire character.

Now, the gentleman's attention has been called by the gentle­man from Missouri [Mr. HAMLIN] to some grammatical errors that require some change. I direct the gentleman's attention to some other matters that I would like to have his opinion on.

Mr. FOSTER. The gentleman called attention to the proviso and said that it should be in section 5 instead of section 4.

Mr. STAFFORD. I call the attention of the House to this first proviso in section 5. I have read it and reread it an<l read it again, and still it seems not to be a complete sentence.

That is the proviso that was inserted by the conferees. Section 5 reads as follows : Slilc. 5. That from and after 40 days after the passage and approval of

this act no :person shaJl have in his possession or purchase, accept, re­ceive, sell, giVe, barter, or otherwise dispose of or procure explosives, or ingredients, except as provided in this act: P1·ovided, That the purchase or possession of said ingredients when purchased or held in small quan­tities and not used or Intended to be used in the manufacture of ex­plosives.

It is ot a complete thought. There is no complete sentence there.

Mr. DENISON. Will the gentleman yield? l\ir. STAFFORD. I yield to my colleague, to explain what is

really meant by that proviso that the conferees inserted. Mr. DENISON. I will answer the gentleman's question. That

proviso is not complete, but it is to be completed by a concurrent resolution, for which consideration will be asked immediately, This conference report has already been agreed to by the Senate. We discovered that error, which is an error of the printer, after the conference report had been agreed to in the Senate, and we concluded that the best way to correct it would be to bring in a concurrent resolution, which is now ready to be presented, add­ing to the proviso the words" is not hereby prohibited."

Mr. STAFFORD. That is to be added at the end of the pro. viso?

Mr. DENISON. Yes. Mr. STAFFORD. A bare reading of it shows that the sen­

tence was not complete. Mr. DENISON. It was discovered after the conference report

had been agreed to by the Senate. . Mr. STAFFORD. Mr. Speaker, I am in sympathy with cer­

tain of the Senate amendments that show the need of the Govern­ment throwing a protecting ru·m around the manufactm·e and storage of explosives; but when, as I have pointed out, they go to the e:rtl·eme in requiring licenses from every conceivable per­son who handles not only explosives, but in requiring educators, investigators, and others who have in their possession any in­gredients that may enter into its composition, to take out a license, I think that is launching into a degree of paternalism that can not be justified, even under existing conditions. This legislation is based upon an expectant fear that has no con­firmation in reality, where the inconvenience occasioned to the public far outbalances the little security afforded by this cumber-some machinery of licenses. ·

Mr. FOSTER. Mr. Speaker, the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. STAFFORD] takes an extreme view of this matter and would lead the House to believe that we are going to cause people a great deal of annoyance and inconvenience. We are trying to cause trouble to some people who may have these explosives in their possession for an illegal purpose, and we want to know also the people who llave in their possession the ingredients for the making of explosives for the purpose of taking them out to do criminal work in this country during this war. That is what we are trying to get at. If it means that the druggists in the town in which we live must have a license, and know to whom they are selling certain ingredients by which men who know how to make explosives and then go and blow up a rail­road bridge or some building, we want to know that those drug­gists are loyal enough to take out licenses that will protect the people. That is what we are trying to do, to secure if possible a knowledge of where these explosives are manufactured, and to trace them from the place where they are manufactured to the man who uses them. That is what we are trying to get at, and we are trying to make this stringent, but not to annoy people; but-to secure protection. The omission in the proviso to which the gentleman from Wisconsin has referred was discovered after the conference report had gone through the Senate, and the com­mittee will ask this House to correct that. It is not to annoy

-7538' CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE.: ~C"-:0 -- ...

SEPTEl\fBER 29~

people who want to get some of these ingredients that are neces~ Mr~ FOSTER.. That does not rooan at too end of each Shift. sary for domestic purposes. We are trying to av(}fd any incon- We have stricken that pro"Vision out~ venience of that sort. We are trying to avoid tl'le inco-nvenience Mr. BLAND~ It does not show in section 5 that it is stricken that might come to the mine1.·~ who must use explosives every out. . . working day in the year. We are trying· to take cru·e of the 1\.ft·~ FOSTER.. A.. provision was in_ the bill orlginal!Yr that it farmers of the country who nave use fo.r dynamite_ It is well was to be returned at the end of each shift, but we strudt that known how easy it is to secure nitroglycerin from dynamit~ out. and that a man can take it in his pocket and go out and blo-wup. 1\ir. BLAND. Wben is it. to be- returned? some factory or mine, or do· damage to some other property_ : lli. FOSTER. If. he is going to quit work he must take ea.re­The purpose of this legislation is to keep track of these ex- of it where it will not be carried out of the mine. That does plo ives and to ask men during the time of war to- put them- not meaiL when he quits. his day's w&rk.,. but if he goes out of selves to a little trouble for the protection of the country. I the mine to stay out~ e expect the. explosives to be- retnr~. believe that. all these people will do it. I belie"Ve our people are l\1r BLAND. Suppose be :i.s only o:ut for- a day or two;. willing to do it to protect this country from those who w&llid 1\Ir.. FOSTER. Then that will not interfere I think my commit criminal acts by causing explosions that would destroy f:rlendl will find that this is all right. I will now yield ttt the. life and property during time of war. gentleman from Wyoming five minutes.

:Mr. ROBBINS. 1tfr. Speaker, I want to ask the gentlemaru a Mr. MONDELL. Mr. Speaker, in times like these it is highly question with reference t{) section 5. I come from a Ill.llling important that such action be taken as may be nee ary to cop.­district. That section is going to impose an entirely new line of troi the manufacture, use, and distribution or explosives. But duty upon the superintendents and foremen and men employed in we must judg.e. as to. what action may be necessary by what coal mines. For instance, it requires. that the superintendents, has occmTed and what is likely tQJ occur. We: have- reason fm: if they are licensed, shall sell explosives- to the minet·s, and it · congratulation that while- we lJa.ve E>een in war for alimJSt six imposes on them the duty of checking up the miner to see,. first. months"; there. have been cemparatively few attemJ>ts anywhere that he takes the explosive to the proper place in the mine~ and, in the country to destroy life or property through the use of ex­second. that after he has worked all day he 1:eturns an:y exn-I-o- plosives; whatever legislation may be· deemed. necessary in the sive that he bas not used. • making and use o:t explosives rs sueh as would seem to. be called

1\Ir. FOSTER. He is required to do that under the State for by the situation and condi-tions as we find them_ law now, and he does it now. They areo willing to. do it. TheTe The bill as introduced provided that the President should are no superintendents of mines offering any ob~ction what- formulate such rules as in his opinion_ we1·e wise and necessary ever to this bill. No miners have o1rered any objection to this to protect the poople of the. country~ tO> protect the property o.t bUL The. representatives of the miners came before the com- the C(}untry, aga.i.llst those who might seek to nse explosive in mittee and said, "We gladly comply with this law." They said an unlawfW. way. That was proper legislation andi we- all ap-­tbey thought it sllould go upon the statute books, not only for pt·o.ved of it. But the committee comes before us wi.tb a bill the protection of property, but f01~ their own protection and which requires every mine operator aoo mine fore~ every the lives of the men who work in the mines; that they ought manufacturer,. every selle:r,. every UcSe.r o-f: explosives,. to secure to be protected against men, if there are any. who would blaw a Federal license; providing expensive ma~hinery fur carrying up the mines and probably kill many people in. them. The out this work of lice~ing under :regulati-ons- of the· bu:rean. :p-ro­miner is honest; but some evil-designed man may be in the· viding for a la.rge. number o:f pub-lic officials at a cost of some­mines, and u· there are such, the min& wants to get rid of him, where in the neighborhood ~half;_ a mflllon dollars at least In too. my opinion the legislation is unnecessary and uncalled for by an;y: _

Let me say to my friend from Pennsylvania [l\lr. RoBBINS] that condition that exists or is likely to exist.. I sup-pose the earn­in the State . of Wisconsin, in. the. zinc mines, they found one mittee did not intend tiD allow any unlawful thlng to be oone miner carrying dynamite ont in his bucket every night, and under the provisions of the bill, but r call attention to. the fact when they went to search his house. they found a valise full of that the first section ot the bUI ould seem to indicate they did dynamite that he was collecting there It is to try to stop such so intend. In the first section it provides that it shall be un~ , things as that. We do not know what may happen. In the lawful to manufacture,. distribute, store, use, or pos ess powdet·, community in which I live there is a large oil production. Th~y explosives, blasting supplies, or ingredients in such a manner mn.ke the nitroglycerin out in the field, as you no doubt know- as is detrimental to the- public safety, except as provided in manufacture it there to be used in what we call " shooting ·~ this act. :L do not suppose that the committee intended that wells. This summer a thousand qua.rts of this explosive were things detrimental to the public safety could. be done or per· stolen at one of these places and no trace of it has ever been fonned under the provisions of thi act.. found. It is- to try, if possible, to make the manufacture,.. stor· . 1\Ir. PARKER of New Jersey .. Will the. gentleman permit a age, and use of these explosives as. sn.fe a.s possible- that this question? legislation is pre'ented. We. can oot stop. all illegal use of ex- Mr. MONDELL Yes. plosives, but we want to reduce it to a minimum. Mr. PARKER of New Je?sey. ~e original bill provided for

Mr. BLAND. Did I understand the gentleman to say that regulations by the President which could. be made praeticable.. the State law of Indiana required the. miner to return what I see that a purchaser's license is required to purchase anything powder he did not use back to the. superintendent? in the nature of explosives~ Would that apply to every farmer

Mr. FOSTER. No; r said there was a law in some of the- who wanted to blow up a tree? States that required the safe-keeping of the unused portion Mr. MONDELL. Yes.; and every farmer's boy that wnnts to of the explosive, and I take it that the people of Indiana are shoot a chipmunk and who buys powder and shot because they intelligent. are cheaper than cartridges will have to get a license from tbe

Mr. BLAND. They are intelligent, but we have oot that law. bm·eau in order to secure his powder. Certainly that. will be Mr. FOSTER. There is a law in many States which I"equires required if the provisions. of the bill are adhered to. It will

superintendents to see that explosives left over in the mines necessitate the securing by every farmer of a license who wants are made safe. to blow up a stump on his farm. The use of blasting powder

Mr. BLAND. But this would require b1m. to return the in agricultural development is widespread. Powder is being powder he does not use. We have no such law in Indiana, and used for ble-wing up stumps. and brea1.'ing rocky soil, for pre­this will be a new law. There is no la.w there which requires . paring land for many classes of agricultm·a1 crops~ and under-,him to lock up the powder. this bill every man desiring to use powder for that PtiriiOSe

Mr. FOSTER. There ought to- be~ would be required to make a record of his desire and get a Mr. BLAND. This will be a new law for the miner~ license. There have been no explosions in this country coming Mr. FOSTER. I think in times like these we ought to pass ' from these sources, and there are likely to be none. Therefore:, it

just such a bill so that we may control,. as far as possib-le, these , is altogether unnecessary and altogether unwise and sttper1lu-ous explosives. It is not going to interfere with the miner. All to provide by legislation for the licensing of that sort of thing~ the superintendent does is to- see that the explosives ru·e. not Mr. WINGO. M.r. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? · taken out of the mine. My colleague [Mrr DENISON},. the gen.- Mr. MONDELL. Yes. tleman from Arkansas {Mr. Wrnao.J, a member of the commit- Mr. WINGO. The gentlemarr made a statement that if a tee, and myself, all live in coal-mining countries. We lmve farmer wished to- blow up a stump. he had to' get a license~ consulted these men. and they say that it will not inter:fere with Surely the gentleman has not read the bill~ and he do-es not want thetr work. that misstatement of fact to go into- the REcoBD'l

Mr. BLAND. I notiee that .it says any unused explosives . · Mr. M-ONDELL. I think that is what he would have to do; shall be returned. The powder which th miner purchases he that is" what it wlJuld amount to·, a license is required :far the· owns himself; and '';rill that be returned to the boss? pm·chaser or the user. Take the matter of coal mining. In

1917. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 7539'" every coal mine in the country tltere are mine bosses who con­trol the use of explosives in the mines. Under this law it would be necessary within a very brief period, a time so brief that it will be practically impossible to provide for it, for all of the operators and all of the bosses and users of explosives in the mines to secure these permits and to operate under them. I have not heard that the miners of the country were trying to use the explosives they require in their work for unlawful pur­poses; therefore · in my opinion the legislation is viewed as unnecessary. The offering of this legislation for a vexatious and expensive license system would seem to indicate that we are disturbed, alarmed, fearful, relative to a condition that does not exist, and that we are willing to put our people to an enormous amount of vexation and trouble because of something we fear witl]out reason, something that is not liable or probable to occur. Is it .not about time we ceased legislating in a spirit of panic and subjecting our people to unnecessary and vexatious interference in the conduct of their affairs? ·

The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. FITZGERALD). The time of the gentleman from Wyoming has expired.

Mr. FOSTER. Mr. Speaker, I yield five minutes to the gentle­man from Illinois [Mr. DENISON].

Mr. DENISON. Mr. Speaker, this bill as it was introduced and passed in the House made the possession, manufacture, or transfer of explo ives illegal, except under such regulations as should be provided by the President. That left all of the regu­lations governing the handling of explosives and ingredients of explosives to be promulgated by the Bureau of Mines under direction of the President. I mention this in answer to what was said by the gentleman from Wyoming [Mr. MONDELL]. The Senate bill, which we have practically adopted, instead of leaving the President to promulgate regulations and thereby in a way make law, incorporates into the law itself the regulations which the Bureau of Mines intended to issue. In other words, the Senate committee, when they began to consi<ler the bill, ob­tained from the Bureau of Mines· the regulations that they in­tended to promulgate under the direction of the President and embodied them in the bill, thereby making it a matter of statu­tory law rather than a matter of regulations by the President or the Bureau of Mines.

Mr. MONDELL. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? l\fr. DENISON. Yes. Mr. MONDELL. What was the idea? To make the Congress

responsible for rules and regulations that might be onerous and burdensome, which the people might resent?

Mr. DENISON. No; the purpose was this--Mr. MONDELL. As long as the President had authority to

uo these things, why not let him do them and modify the rules if it should develop in their enforcement that they were unnec­essary?

Mr. DENISON. Mr. Speaker, there was some question in the minds of the members of the committee as to whether or not we had authority to delegate our power to the President.

Mr. MONDELL. Let me make this suggestion to the gentle­man: If we can do what is proposed in this bill under the war power, if we can take over control over the use of explosives even down to the farmer's boy who buys a pound of powder, there can be no question about our power to delegate our authority to the President.

Mr. FOSTER. Do we not take control over the use of mor­phine and other opiates and poisons down to the man who wants to use them?

Mr. 1\fONDELL. That is quite a different proposition. Mr. FOSTER. The gentleman first complains that we give

the President too much power and now that we do not give him enough.

Mr. MONDELL. The gentleman m~sunderstands me. I was suggesting that if we can assume the authority provided for in this bill directly, we certainly can confer the: power upon the President.

Mr. DENISON. Mr. Speaker, the committee concluded it would be better for Congress itself to provide the regulations rather than to leave them to the Bureau of Mines. In other words, the people would learn the law better and more quickly if these things were embodied in the law itself rather than if they were left to regulations to be issued by one of the de­partments.

So far as I am personally concerned I am in favor of Con­g~·ess itself enacting th.e la~, where such penalties are pro­VIded, rather than leavmg It to on~ of the executive depart­ments of the Government to issue the law in the form of regu­lations. I think it is better that the people may know fr~m \he law itself 'vhat the law is. ·

The primary purpose of this law is to prevent explosives or ingredients of explosives from coming into the possession of evil-minded per~ons who want to use them for unlawful pur-· poses. If that results in any inconvenience to those who are not evil-minded, it is one of the inconveniences which we have to submit .to in time of war. It will result in some incon- · venience of course, but how else can we reach the evil-minded men of the country? I think it is far better, in a time like this, that many right-minded and patriotic people should suffer some inconvenience than that a few of evil purpose should be allowed to freely obtain possession of an agency that could be used for destruction that might bring such disastrous results. It is hoped that this bill will not seriously embarrass or in­convenience anyone in the legitimate use of explosives. Cer­tainly it is not intended to do so. And I do not think it will, if it is reasonably and properly enforced. An exception to its provisions is provided for· coal miners who obtain powder or other high explosives for blasting in mines. We have intended to make the law broad enough to conform to the provisions of the State laws governing the handling of explosives in coal mines. I would not approve of the bill if I thought it could not be enforced without unreasonable intei"ference with the proper use of powder for blasting in coal mines. But the Chief of the Bureau of Mines and other representatives of the executive department of the Government have come before the committee and urged the importance and necessity of enacting a law of this kind. And this bill represents the best juugment of the committees of the House and Senate in response to their urgent recommendation.

Mr. FOSTER. Mr. Speaker, I yield five minutes to the gentle­man from Indiana [Mr. BLAND].

Mr. BLAND. · l\ir. Speaker, I can not see my way clear to fail to support any reasonable law that proposes to regulate the manufacture and use of explosives. I regard this as an impQr­tant question at this time. Sometimes in these regulatory laws there are some very harmful things, and I fear if this law be not -properly executed there may be some harm come from it.

The chairman of this great committee, whose attention I have at this time, tells me that there will be no inconvenience to the many coal miners of the country who buy powder and keep it in their rooms in the mines. Now, if the law is properly regu­lated, this will be true; but by immature, ill-considered action on the part of the Bureau of Mines some.injustice may be done this great class of men, and I want to say to you now that the United Mine Workers of America is as patriotic a bunch of men as ever lived, and ·they do not need to have any special watch over them ; but, as has been said by the gentleman from Illinois here, who is on the committee, sometimes you have to regulate the innocent and the good in order to catch the vicious, and I am willing for my men to stand a little of the rigors of regula­tion for the general good of the country in this time of war. \Ve passed a food bill some time ago and amended it and made it so that we could control and regulate fuel. I believe that fuel ought to be regulated. I thought there might come a time when it might be necessary, but- I want to say to you now that ill-advised action on the part of the administration in regulat­ing fuel is about to cause a coal famine in this country, and you men will find it will have been caused by the middle of January next, and those in charge are realizing it to-day, because they have destroyed one of the most powerful incentives for an in­creased production of coal and to-day you are hearing from the whole Nation that they are in danger from suffering from the cold by the middle of winter. Now, it is all right to regulate fuel, but when you regulate it without investigation, when you regulate it without consideration, when you regulate it against the advice of men who know, you may expect the most woeful consequences, and that is exactly what has happened in the coal industry. I will not stand here and say I am not willing to have a product of my district regulated.

I want to help win" this war, and I have voted for regulation, but I do want to protest against ill-advised regulation by those to whom we have delegated the power. Now, this is another bill to regulate, and I am proposing to support it, and support it when I know it will bring uuder its rules the men of my dis­trict whom I have every reason to believe are absolutely patri­otic and loyal. Now, if ·the use and manufacture of explosives are regulated properly, it will not hurt them, and I am trusting to the words of the chairman of this committee that the regu­lation authorized by this bill will not bring inconvenience or harm to them.

Mr . .MONDELL rose. l\Ir. BLAND. Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman. Mr. MONDELL. The gentleman just referred to some effects

of regulation?

7540 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. SEPTEMBER 29,

1\Ir; BLAND. Indeed. Mr. MONDELL. Do they incline the gentleman to favor still

further regulation? Mr. BLAND. Because there has been an indiscretion com­

mitted by the administration in one act, this will not cause me to vote against what I believe to be for the best interests of my country. [Applause .. ]

Mr. FOSTER. Mr. Speaker, I move the previous question on the conference report.

The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore (Mr. FITZGERALD) announced that the ayes appeared to have it.

On a division (demanded by Mr. HuDDLESTON) there were­ayes 309, noes 3.

So the previous question was ordered. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is upon agreeing

to the conference report. The que tion was tak~; and the 'Speaker pro tempore an­

nounced that the ayes. eemed to have it. On a division (demanded by Mr. HUDDLESTON) there were­

aye;; 86, noes 3. So tbe conference report was agreed to. On motion of 1\Ir. FosTER, a motion to reconsider the vote by

which the conference report was agreed to was laid on the table. SUSPENSION OF REQUIREMENTS ON MINING CLAIMS.

1\Ir. TAYLOR of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, I call up the confer­ence report (\U Senate joint resolution 78.

The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Colorado calls up a confrence report on the Senate joint resolution the title of which the Clerk will report.

The Clerk read as follows : Joint resulution: (S. J. Res. 78) to suspen<L during the present war

with Germany, the requirement that not less than $100 worth of labor shall bt> performed or improvements made on ~ch mining claim during each year for all owners who, in lieu of such ass~ssment work, expend the sum of $100 in the raising or manulacturlng of products nec~ssary for · the maintenance of the Army, Navy, or people of the United State!'!, or shall perform 20 days of labor, in any beneficial occupation, or pay into the Treasury of the United States $100.

Mr. TAYLOR of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous con­sent that the statement be read in lieu of the report; it is very short.

The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection? [After a pause. J The Chair hears none.

Tile statement was read.

C0~1"_li'EEENCE .REPORT (NO. 171).

The committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the amendments of the House to the joint resolu­tion (S. J. Res. 78) to suspend, during the present war with Germany, the requirement that not less than $100 worth of labor shall be performed or improvements made on each mining claim during each year for all owners who, in lieu of such assessment work, expend the sum of $100 in the raising or manufacturing of products necessary for the maintenance of the Army, Navy, or people of the United States, or shall perform 20 days of labor, in any beneficial occupation, or pay into the Treasury of the United States $100, having met, after full and free conference have agreed to recommend and do recommend to their respec­tive Houses as follows:

That the Senate recede fl·om its disagreement to the amend­ment of the House numbered 1, and agree to the same.

Amendment numbered 2: That the Senate recede from its dis­agreement to the amendment of the House numbered 2, and agree to the same with an amendment as follows : In lieu of the matter propo ed by the House insert the following: " years 1917 and 1918: Provided, That every claimant of any such min­ing cla.im in order to obtain the benefits of this resolution shall file or cause to be filed in the office where the location notice or certificate is recorded on or before December 31, of each of the years 1917 and 1918, a notice of his -desire •'to hold said mining claim under this resolution: Provided further, That this reso­lution shall not apply to oil-placer locations or claims.''

On page 2, of the bill, strike out all of lines 19 and 20 and insert: " This resolution shall not be deemed to amend or repeal the public resolution entitled ' Joint resolution to rei ieve the owners of mining claims who have· been mustered into the mili­tary or naval service of the United States as officers or enlisted men from performing assessment work dnring the terl:l of such service,' approved .July 17, 1917."

And the House agree to the same. Amendment to the title: That the Senate recede from its -disa­

greement to the amendment of the House to the title, and agree to the same with an amendment as follows : In lieu of the matter proposed by the House insert the following:

· "J"oint resolution to suspend the requirementS of annual assesg;. ment work on mining claims during the years 1917 and 1918."

And the House agree to the same. M. D. FosTER, EDWARD T. TAYLOR, E. E. DENISON,

Managers on the parf of the House. HENRY F. AsHURsT, MILEs PoiNDEXTER, JOHN F. SHAFBOTH,

Managet·s on the part of the Senate. STATEMENT.

The managers on the part of the House at the conference on: the disagreeing vote of the two Houses on the amendments of the House to Senate joint resolution 78, "To suspend during! the present war -with German~, the requirement that not less ·than · $100 worth of labor shall be performed or improvements made on each mining claim during each year for all owners who in lieu of such assessment work expend the sum of $100 in the raising or manufacturing of products necessary for the maintenance of the Army, Navy, or people of the United States, or shall perform 25 days of labor in any beneficial occupation, <- ~ pay into the Treasury of the United Stat ~s $100/' submit the following state­ment in relation to the action agreed upon by the conference committee as to the amendments of-the House~

On amendment No. 1: This amendment merely inserts the word "the," and was for the purpose of grammatical accuracy. The Senate accepted this amendment. -

On amendment No. 2: The form of the resolution as it passed the Senate provided for the suspension of annual assessment work upon all mining claiillB during the period &f the war with Germany. That provision as amended and ~assed by the House · limited the time to-the year 1917. Your conferees compromised on the time limit of the bill and made it apply to the years 1917 and 19~8 only, Th~ House amendment also struck out the provision of the

Senate bill requiring affidavits by mining claimants, showing that $100 worth .of work had been expended each year in manu· facturing or some other beneficial occupation. The Senate re­ceded from this provision. · The Hou e inserted an amendment exempting oil-placer loca­tions or claims from the operation of this resolution. The Senate conferees accepted that amendment.

The Senate conferees receded and agreed to the title as amended by the House by adding the words " nineteen hundred and eighteen."

The only other change was the one agreed upon by the con· ferees, which more definitely describes the resolution referred to as Senate joint resolution 3S.

MARTIN D. FOSTER, EDwARD T. TAYLOR, E. E. DENISON,

Managers on the part of the House.

Mr. WALSH. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? Mr. TAYLOR of Colorado. I will yield for a question, cer·

tainly. 1\1r. WALSH. Will the gentleman from Colorado state

whether the effect of this measure as now agreed upon in con· ference is such as to make unnecessary any further legislation during the year 1918 to relieve these claimants from doing their assessment work during that year?

Mr. TAYLOR of Colorado. Yes, sir; that is the compromise that the conferees have agreed upon. The gentleman will re­member that the way the Senate passed the bill it suspended all annual assessment work on mining claims during the war with Germany. The way the bill passed through the House the othe1· da.Y we limited it to this year only. The conferees cotn• promised by including next year, making it apply to the years 1917 and 1918.

Mr. WALSH. Did not the bill, as it passed the House, require an affidavit to be filed during 1917? The suspension was during the war with Germany but they had to file their affidavits be­fore December 31 of this year. Now, the way it comes from the conferees it will permit them to file an affidavit during either year.

Mr. TAYLOR of Colorado. The way the bill passed the Sen­ate required the affidavit to be filed on or before the 31st day of December of each year of the period of the war, and the affi­davit was required to make quite a full showing. We retaln the provision and require the affidavit to be made each year for two years. But we do not require proof of other work or ex­penditure or payment like the Senate bill required. The other

•

I

19-17. CONGRESSION-AL RECORD-HOUSE. 7541 ch~nge was merely a. provision of the Senate which the House PAYs TRIBUTE To PROSPECTOR-cHARLEs ;r. SENTER, HIMS~LF . Fo~ ~lllAns StrUCk OUt, and WhiCh the COnferees accepted. Practically .A. DWELLER IN THl!l MOUNTAINS, TELLS OF HIS LII!'JD A:ND" AM-iHTIOf\.~,-

k , h s t d d d t d th H d Charles J. Senter, one of the pioneer prospectors· of· ttie Kokomo;. spea mg, t e ena e rece e an a.ccep e e ouse amen - Robinson district, is proud of his calling, . and; J:>OirrtS' t<1 a long/eriod of ments with the one additional amendment extending the bill to years- during which he has sought out the hiding places· o Iiri:neral inclu<fe 1918. wealth. Nearly 20· years ago he wrote a. tribute to the prospector which

I · ld tw · t t th tl f W · [M was published in Moore's Once a Week, a Denver publication, as follows-: yte O. nnnu es o e gen emarr rom yommg r. "The prospector., laughing at the tenderfoot's cry of impossibilities, MoNDELL]. loads up his f.aithful burro with a few of the actual wants · of camp life~

Mr. MONDELL. Mr. Speaker, I regret that the conferees felt and with picks, powder, hammers, and drlll~r starts forth like a. mighty that it was necessai·y to compromise so as to relieve mining magician int.o uninhabited regions of the m.ountains determined· to create

wealth• both for himself and others, with these words, 'Never give up,' claims from assessment work in the year 1918. I think all always foremost in his mind, and, with eyes' of an eagle, sca"Ds f!Very those who come from mining States realize the very great im- rock formation, the granites and quartzit.e.s, the carboniferous and sllu-portance of keeping the work of development going, and we rian lime ledges, and th.e eruptive porphyry dikes, not a seam or crevlce

or mineralized vein escaping his , eagle eye. should only relieve nom the necessity of doing the work re- 0ftentlmes, wherr searching for the· source of gold that fed the gulches-, qu.ired by law when conditions are such as to make it absolutely he will sink shafts and run drifts- to bedrock,. scrape the seams ot the

1 "' t th b d bedrock, and after days of. hard work will carry the dirt from the essentia tua at e one. . crevices fo.r miles to a· stream of water and will pan and wash· down so

It is not in the interest of the country generally, of the people carefully that nut e~en., a tiny speck ot gold as large as the point or a generally, or of any region, to have mining development sus- pin escapes him.

Pended; ·,. t. 0 have men hold claims indefinitely: while doin!? noth- Then, again, when' he ftnds a piece· of mineralized- float, what a feeling ~ of hopeful happfuess pervades his mind. With. feelings excited to thfl

ing on them. It simply leads to speculation. Under the bill as it very highest pitch of pure plea.sure he starts ·on the sear ch for th<a now stands, a mining claim located this year would be- relieved- · vein. - What bright castles they are building fo1·~ those th·ey love! Some· from assessment work next year, would it not? times. disappointed for weeks and months and years, they struggle on,

often- climbing to the highest peaks on the mountains, crossing and r-e­Mr. TAYLOR of Colorado. Yes; but he would not be relieved crossing vast hills· of slide rock; an<l wh"en. he• finds the vein or deposit

from doing the necessary loea.tion W01'k of 10' feet on each claim of min.er.aL his· bright castles beeome for the present' time realities. th · Their muscles work like throbbing bunches of steel. They work ten

lS year. times harder than ever: They trip lightly to their campfire, cook sup-1\Ir. MONDELL. No; but he would be relieved of assess~ per, and Ue down on. pine-brush' beds, with no• one for ' their companions

ment work next year. It delays development; It allows men but.mountain.lions, lynx, foxes, Rocky- Mountain coonies, and their faith-t h ld 1 d · l d d thi th t '11 t d. t d ful pets; the camp birds and burros. o o an Ill ru·ge areas an o no ng a Wl en o e- They know: no- fear. and fall into e.weet, restful sleep and dream of velop it. We have done that properly for this year, I think.. I Barren: mountains teeming with life and activity. Men· with brigl:it-, think it was entirely proper for the House to relieve from the happy faces surround them and congratulate them on their good for-

't f d · t k thi b t d t tune; they see a cicy spring uy as if by magicdn• the picturesque valley neceSSl y o omg assessmen wor ~ s year,- u we o no ' below them~ and the;r see their wives and children in good comfortablo know what the· conditions may be. next year; There· may be ' homes witlL everything they ~ wish tor arolin<l them. They wake UJ) conditions under which it may be to the interest of all the peo- and look at the stars; the morning- star tells. them, that·· it is nearly 4 ple to have mining development expedited and hul!ried along . . In o'clock-their watches may have been sold. to help buy their outfit.

They spring out of bed, stir up the camp fire, cook th..eil' breakfast, and the face of that situation, it is unwise now to legislate in re- believe that daybreak comes very slowly, so impatient are they to start

. ga.rd to this important matter for next year;. We e.ould very their day's;work. · well have met that situation when the time came. They go to tneir mine, belie"\dn.g that they are the nappJest and most

Mr. TAYL"R of ~~lorado. . MI'. Speaker, my 1.·.nfor·mati'on 1.s fortunate· men o~ earth. They choose the place fo~: their shots, and "' uu while they are drilling the holes, hum some familiar tune • of ha-ppy entirely different from that of my friend from Wyoming. I think childhood, thinking their shots will open anotlie.n bonanza as- rich as nearly every other Member of this HGuse .fi·om the Western the Com,stock. The shots- are fire<L and they can· hardly wait for · the

smoke· to clear awa-y. They jump down the shaft or incline or run. States has had urgent appeals for this legislation, and there. · into the· tunnel trembling as with a. chill . They have struck a pinch. was- great disappointment because the House limited the pro- . or a horse in the vein ; bright castles fade away, but it i.& only for rr visions of the bill to the year 1917 instead of adopting_ the Senate 1 few· moments, for the old spirit of determination. comes back to them.

Without friends or money no gupply of powder, and only a camp out­provision and extending it to- the period of the war. Mining fi..t, they still cling to the hope that by a little more development work men say it is utterly impossible to obtain. labor to. perform this they will have a pay mine. They examine the breast of the · tunnel~ the actual as essment work and inasmuch as th ·s v;ear ·8 ..,.1 bottom and the sides of . the shaft, an<l may find a seam or· stringer no

• 1 .r · 1 ne....... Y thicker than a knife blade. If there is- a horse in the vein, the tunnel

past, and assessment wo.:uk. for this year is now in many locali- ~ breast or bottom of tile shaft will look as barren as· th.eir hands-. They ties very largely done, they insist that it was of tremendous must have help to. push the work. T.hey gather the o:re, sort it, and importance that we provide in this bill for next year, so that ' !1a1~e~ ~~~s~fcit~J ~enyin1fw_~~~t 0~0~~.!_~1D~t~re;~Jb!)t.g-~~t.k~o~~ they may know· what they can depend· upon. As I said at the. • trouble, but the chances are it will require much time and expenditure time of the passage of this bill, about 90 per cent of the . of their own. money; before they can: find a man who . wilT see the op-

·annual a sessment work done on mining locations, "prospect portunity to lay the cornerstone of his own fortune by buying a con­holes," is practically dead work, and for that reason, and be- . ~~~~llin~:~st~g~s~ small consideration--. The pinch out or· the vein_ cause of the great scarcity of labor, and the high cost of mate- 1 Lift the veil, take away the rough ex±erior from the. prospectors~ rials and everything, we felt warranted in compromising with I lives, and you will find, as . one ot our great minds has said, "LLves th£L Senate. · I jeweled with jewels of patriotism, perseverance, and hope.'• It is an

'V ' ambitious life and holds within more of humanity, more- true nobility Let me say to the House that for one I am glad to have intro- , of characte1: and manliness than is concentrated inside tl'l.e anatomies

duced this bill as H R 5081 pract'call m· · the t f · I of all the autocrats of the world . combined-those. who grow indifferent.. • • ·

1 Y exac orm In : by means of the prospector's torr and often laugh at their rugg.ed but which we have passed it. It was a personal gratification to nQble appeara.nce. . have reported it from the committee to the House, and I am Search. the· wonld over, where can we· find a class of men who strng-· sup1·emely proud to see this measure now adopted and become a 1

gled harder, sutf'ered more hardships, lived more honorably, died more law. I feel that thi legislation will be of more direct benefit to nobly, than the true pro pector of the Rocky Mountains? the prospectors, and that they are more entitled to this consider- Mr. Speaker, the resolution as ai!I'eed upon and in the exact

· ation than anyone else. form in which it will become a law is as follows: · If there is any class of men in this country that is entitled to Joint re olution '(S. J. Res. 78) to suspend the requirements of a'"'nual

assessment work on mining claims during the years 1917 and 1!)18. the favorable consideration of Congress, it is the metalliferous Resolved, etc., That in order that labor may be most effectively used mining prospector-the man who goes out and pursues year in. raising and producing those things needed in the prosecution ot the in and year out the de perately hard and lone orne task, and present war with Germany, that the ·provision of section 2324 of the usually forlorn hope, of trying to find a mine. Revised Statutes of tlie United States which requires on each mining

claim located, and until a patent has been issued therefor, not le than There have been volumes written upon the life of the hardy 100 worth of labor to be performed or improvements- to be made dar-

prospectors of the West-the men whos~ bones have bleached ing each year, be, an.d. the same is hereby, suspended d'uring the years t il f th Ro k l\1 t · I · h I h d tim 1917 and· 1918: Provided, That every claimant of any such mining upon every ra o e C Y oun ams. WlS a e claim in order to obtain the benefits of this resolution shall file or cause

and ability to :Qay a just tribute to their memory. One of the to be filed in the office where the location notice or certificate is re­last acts of the martyred and immortal Abraham Lincoln, whose <;;orded on or before December 31, of each of the years 1917 and 191.8, a

ll I d t nd t th notice of his desire to bold said mining claim under this re olntion : memory we a ove an revere, was o se a me sage o e Pro1:ided further, That this resolution shall not apply. to oil placer hardy pioneer miners of the Rocky Mountains, bidding them locations or claims. Godspeed, and assuring them protection in the development of This re olntion shall not be deemed to amend or repeal the publie the mineral resources of the West. Prospecting is not quite as resolution entitled "Joint resolution to relieve· the owners of mining

claims who have been mu te t·e<l into. the military or naval service of hard and heartbreaking to-day as it was 36 years ago la t spring, the lJnited States as officers or. enlisted men from performing as. es-s­when I went to Leadville, Colo. But it is still hard and dis- ment work during the term of such service," approved July 17, l !>H. couraging, with very few rewards. I now yield two minutes to the gentleman from California,..

I notice in the issue. of September 25 of 1;he Leadville Herald- Mr. RAKER. Democrat that I just received a little article upon this subject, Mr. RAKER. Mr. Speaker, I am surprised at my distill­and I am going to take the liberty of inserting it as a part of guished friend from Wyoming [l\lr. JUoNDELL}. H"e e'!idently my remarks, as follows : has not been giving the question of mining assessment his close

7542 .CONGRESSIO~ \.L R.ECORD-~ HOU-8E. SEPTEl\IBE:R 29,-

attention. The work on the mining claims ·for this year is not" all done, possibly only one-fourth of it. ~o this bill will relieve the mining claimants for this year. For next year they will not have to prepare for assessment work, but will be able to devote their time and attention to some other enter_prise or to go into actually productive mines, where they can work and assist in developing those and bringing forth the necessary metal that is needed. This does not retard the development of the country. If there are a few men so situated that they can go on with· their claim work, they will do it. There are many who can not do it. There are many ·who, if this relief is not granted, will lose ~-eat·s of development, will lose years of their best time and the money they have put in their claims, because their help has been taken from them.

I have received a number of letters from my district stating that claimants' sons haxe gone to the war or have been drafted. Others have volunteered. They_ say it is impossible under the conditions to do the as essment work thls year and even possibly next year, unless some relief is granted. . I am glad that the conferees on this bill have made it two

years instead of one. In other words, that they have included 1918 as well as 1017. Those who file upon their claims now will not have to do ~.uy as essment work, because, under the law, during the ·year they file they do no assessment work, but must do it the year following, on or before the 31st of Decembet· of the following year. So that this bill will give the needed relief. It will give those who want to devote their time and attention to other important matters to do it and at the same time work no detriment to the country. This legislation is needed dming the present war. If the war should continue in 1918, tllen tbe same relief can be given for future years as found necessary.

1\fr. l\IONDELL. Will the gentleman yield? 1\Ir. RAKER. I yield. 1\1r. 1\fONDELL. The gentleman seems to differ from his

friend from Colorado [Mr. TAYLOR] witll regard to the present situation. He referred to the fact that .I said that the as ess­ment work was mostly done this year: It was the gentleman from Colorado who made that statement.

Mr. RAKER. That applies to the gentleman's. territory in regard to the assessment work. - In regard to the assessment work in my own territory, as I said before on the floor of the Hou e, they do it in tbe latter part of the year. Therefore, this bill for this year is very necessary, and very important also for the year 1918.

1\Ir. WHEELER. 'Vill the gentleman yield? Mr. RAKER. I will. Mr. WHEELER. I understood the gentleman to say it was

two years. And I understood the gentleman from Colorado [Mr. TAYLOR] to say .it was one year.

Mr. RAKER. This bill will relieve the assessment for the year 1917, and the conference report, to which the conferees have agreed, extends the provision of the act to 1918-making it two years-1917 and 1918.

Mr. EVANS. Will the gentleman yield for a question? Mr. RAKER. Yes. Mr. EVANS. As the Senate passed this bill it provided that

the claimant could be relieved of assessment work on condition that if he had paid into the Government, or expended certain moneys, or filed affidavits, he had done something for the Gov­ernment.

1\Jt·. RAKER. Yes; but the House amendment relieves them of . the actual as es ·ment work on their claims for 1917. Now, the conference report extends to 1918 the same as pro-vided for 1917.

1\fr. TAYLOR of Colorado. Yes, sir. 1\fr. EVANS. Now, ns I understand, this is a plain relieval of

that assessment work without any conditions? Mr. TAYLOR of Colorado. Yes. The House struck out that

provision, and the Senate receded from it. Mr. Speaker, I move the prev1ous question on the conference

report. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Colorado

mo,es the previous question on the conference report. • The previous question was ordered. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on agreeing to

tl1e conferenc~ report. The conference .report was agreed to. On motion of Mr. TAYLOR of Colorado, a motion to recon ft.ler

the Yote whereby the conference report Wt-J agreed to wns raid on the table. - ·

BRIDGE OVER HEADWATERS OF MOBILE BA.Y.

1\,It·. _ ~illA.l\fSON. 1\1r. Speaker, on account of a variance be­tween copies and the original of the bHl a mistake was made yesterday in amending Senate bill 2813, to authorize the Gulf

Ports Terminal Railway Co., a corporation existing under · the law. of the State of Florida, to construct a bridge over arid ·across the headwaters of Mobile Bay and such navigable chan­nels as are between the east side of the bay and Blakely Island, in Baldwin and Mobile Counties, Ala.

I ask unanimous consent to vacate the proceedings back to the amending stage in order that that amendment may be dis­agreed to.

The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Georgia asks unanimous consent to vacate the proceedings of yesterday on the bill S. 2813, to authorize the Gulf Ports Terminal Rail­way Co., a corporation existing under the laws of the State of Florida. to construct n bridge over nnd across the headwaters of l\Iobile Bay and such navigable channels as are between the east side of the bay an(l Blakely Island, in Baldwin and Mobile Counties, Ala., back to the amending stage, and that the bill be considered at this time. Is there objection?

1\fr. STAFFORD. Re erving the right to object-- · Mr. ADAMSON. Answering a question just asked me by the

gentleman fr~m Wyoming [Mr. MoNDELL], a copy of the bill was sent to the committee, which was acted on in lieu of the oliginal Senate bill. The committee saw that an amendment was ne~es­sary, saying "at a point suitable to the interest of navigatf!,n," . and included it, and sent the copy back to the House.- I n(:!ver looked at the original at all. It appears that in the original the Senate itself had made that amendment, so that it now ap­pears Lwice. So I want to disagree to the House committee amend!nent. I have a copy here to show that the Senate bili did not originally contain that language, and therefore I rec­ommer.ded the amendment.

The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection? There was no objection. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on agreeing to

the amendment. ·Mr. ADAi\fSON. We \>vant to disagree to the committee

amendment. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on agreeing to

the committee amendment to the bill S. 2813. The quesi.ion was taken, and the committee amendment was

rejected. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the third

reading of the Senate bill. The Senate bill was ordered to be read a third time, was read

the third time, and passed: On motion of Mr. ADAMSON, a motion to reconsider the vote

whereby the Senate bill was passed was laid on the table. BRIDGE A.CROSS TUG RIVER, W, VA.

· Mr. ADAMSON. l\1r. Speaker, there is another bill to which the Senate disagreed to the House amendment and asked for a conference. It is the Senate bill 2663. I ask that we disagree· to the Senate amendment and agree to the conference asked.

The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair lays before the House the bill (S. 2663) granting the cousent of Congress to the Wolf Creek Lumber Co. to maintain a bridge already construded across Tug River,· which the Clerk will report by title.

The Clerk reall as follows : A bill (S. 2663) granting the consent of Congress to the Wolf Creek

Lumbel· Co. to maintain a bridge already constructed across Tug River. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Georgia

asks unanimous consent to disagree to the Senate amendment and agree to the conference asked. Is thet·e objection?

There was not objection ; and the Speaker pro tempore an­nounced as the conferees on the part of the House Mr. ADAMSON, Mr. SIMS, and Mr. EscH.

EXPLOSIVES.

1\ir. FOSTER. 1\ir. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent for the present con ideration of Sennte concurrent resolution No. 13.

The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Illinois asks unanimou consent for the present consideration of Senate concurrent resolution No. 13, which tlle Clerk will report.

The Clerk read as follows : Senate concurrent resolution 13.

Resol1;ed by the Senate (the House of Representatives concun·i1t{}), That in the enrollment o! the bill (H. R. 39::~2) to prohibit the manu­facture, disb·ibutlon, storage, use, and possession in time of war of el..-plosives, providing regulations for the safe manufacture, distribu­tion, storage, use.,~.. and posRe sion of the same, and for othet' purpo es, the Clerk of the House of Representatives be, and he is hereby, author­ized and directed to insert after the word ''explosives," in the fl,rst proviso of section 5 of the bill, as agreed to in conference, the words ·• are not subject to the provisions of this act."

The SPEAKER pr01tempore. Is there objection to the present consideratjon of the Senate concurrent resolution?

There was no objection. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on ag1·eeing to

the resolution.

1917. CONGRESSIONAL REOO"RD-· ROUSE. 7543 ~he -resolution 'WRS agreed· to. Mr. CANNON. ~.of ather .faiths? · On motion of ~ Mr. ·FosTER, .a motion to :reconsider the -vote l\fr. :SIEGEL. :I cotild not t-en -you that. · 1 ~know ·there are

whereby the resolution was agreed to wns :laid nn the 'table. . 'B6 :per cent of the ·Chaplains -w.bo a1:e 'of the {lnthdlic ;faith and - '64 per· cent who ·fl'I'e ·df 'the Trotesta:nt faith, · cHAPLAINs AT WoE, UNITED si-.i:rEs Ain.i-i.

Mr. SIEGEL. Mr. 'Speaker, l: ask :unanimous consent .fur 'th~ present · consid.el:ation ~ . :tbe Senate l>ill .2527, .providing . .for chaplains at 1arge in the Army. ~ .SPEA.KER pro tempore. The :gentleman J:from New ·Nork

nslis ··:unanimouS consent for the pr-esent onsiaermion •of the biD'S. 2n27, which the Clerk :willll"epoct.

The Clerk read as follows:

.Mr. CANNON. The chaplains of the Protestant·faith ·are cori· 1ined to tlrree denominations__."Bqptists, ·Methodists, and :!7es· 'b_ytel!.ians-a:re they mot? · ·

Mr. :MEEKER. And Episco.palians: • 'Mr. 'CANNON. Episcopalians. "That ·maltes .Iour; and I sup~

rpose 'the Christian ·.Clm:rch-- - · · Mr. 'SIEGEL. 'J:lh~ 1IepllT.tment did m>t:stnte 'the slibdtvislon:s ·

of the F.rotestant "fait'h. · .A: ·biH -( '. 252n authorizing <appohrtment ·of ·cluiplains at large for the .1\fr. ·cANNQN. 1: ·am nett gu'tte sure "fhat the -Christian Sci.en'o

. United States Army. -· · fists :are ~e.pres-ented. · .Be tt eMct.e.:L~ rete., That 'the .President .a.Io.:ne :mrry .app:oint 'l'or :the 1\I£. ·-siEGEL. .The Chrlsti!Ill 'Scientists 'Will ibe taken ca:re of

period -of lf:he -e-xisting emergency !Dot exceeding 20 chaplaills .At large for the 'United States Army, 12 .as representing :religious 11ec.bl ;:not 1Dlder· these '20, ~because "tliiS distinCtly ·refers to .such ·oi;her J:ecognized in the apportionment of chaplains now -provided by law, :froths 'as ·are not epresented '3i the ·present 'time. · and 8 tor service 'in fba~ro hnsplials. n.nd .suCh tnnmber ·ot l9la.Pialns '!1\'r- ..ru'lo..._.,.ON. "Tll.., wn ~'~5 p -~-~- nt ·· at• as be may determine t:o be necessary for service at trai:ning aunps, .u.u:. \..UUU"''I · • ...Luere are "nn or -:~:. ro .. ~"a -orgamz lUllS. cantonments, .recru1t .depots, and in the N-ational Army., -selected from Mr. "'MEEKER . .1: beg the gentleman"s.:paTdon. ~ere are 16"l. prominent clergy and IDlnisters who '-ha.ve served at the front with :Nfr. 'CAI\TNON. Now, 'if there .can be a fair 'dlvis.ion, 'OUr 'the .allied .a;rmies, ·but who Jhave ;passed the age illmit _prescribed by 'la:w Jewish -or Hebrew friends will get about .;one. for appointment in the Regular .Anny. _ _

Mr. 'SIEGEL. Oh, no. I want to say :to the gentleman that With a committee amendment, .striking out all after the enact- in the ·~nnw a:t "Yapban'k, N. 'Y., right now ::they would •be ·entitled

ing clause, "'n page 1 down to •1llld including .line 2; on page 2, 1o·six, :not•'COUSidering. at all the -other 'S6 OT 37 CaiQ'ps in d.iffer.ent and inserting in lieu thereof the fo1lowing: . _ ;parts o-f '<fhe ·country. •In 'the first :r> J)er >cent df 'the men who

Tha:t the President :may appoint far service ·dmlng 'tne 1present emer- went, '1'5 !IJer cent -were ·bf ;tire _;r ewish faith, ·and :the o.fher cdn:y; gency not exceeding '20 Chaj>lains :at large :fol' the United .sta-ms Army NPt'esenting -religious ~sect nut recognized 1n the ap,partionme:nt of out l>'i : lO,OOO men :at .Cam_p Upton, ·.about ~;200 went ·home on chaplains ;no-w :recognized by .la-w. . ·account :of tbe ·observ.ation rJf the ~holy days, snowing that ·ap-

Mr. WINGO. Mr. Speaker, reserving 'the right to ·.object, .I lll"oxi:n:uitely ·4() per ce-nt ·al' the ..10,000 ·.at that -camp were of the wo.uld Uke to .ask .the gentleman from New Y(1)rk_ if 1:his .is mot 'JeWi-s'h "faith; ·and .I ·may ~ay .also that although "3.t the 1U"esent the same bill, if we -adopt ;the .co.riunittee ·.amendment, that the time there are 'thousands of ·men :.of 1he :Jewish ~a:lth in ·the House !})assed :recently'? Navy, lf:her.e is nut a ·single ..'f..ewlsh chaplain in the .Nazy, which

Mr .. . srnGEL. Yes. .condition Secreta:cy l)aniels ·ts ·about to meet by ·maldng -ru1 1\!r. WlJ\"'=GD. .ill.his is .intenued to Jidd '20 tmore ch.ap1.ains'2 'appointment. Let me :add thntin 'the ..Army-t~e is no .cbaplain Mr . . SIEGEL. No. It is the .same bill. What the Senate tdid of the.J'ewish:faith.

was to pass ,on Tlmr.sda_y., .SEWtember 11.3, what is known as the Mr. •CANNON. :1 -suw.ose 'it ls -perfectly .proper 'that a :man: second tbill, intr.odnced .by me .on Angu.st J,.7. but which O.ur M.ill- shonlll have religious consolation according to 1his ·belief, 'but I .tar~ Committee ·dld ·not .f.lur..or~ We !passed 'Om bill :(H. 'R. . am under the impression that there are ten Christian Scienti:~ts 5271) on Tuesday, September ll. The Seimte .added .to its bill . to ·one Jl.ebrew, nnd 1 'ha:ve 'no doubt that ·tlrere ·are -ten Uni­some additional .chaplains, which would have made more :than tariRns, -who are nt one with tlle Hebr~ws~ rr 1IIIl not a ·Christian 20. '\Vh.at ·the commlttee .has dane ,is to 1-eport back :the :Senate Scientist, ;and on ·the question of Unitarianism, as :far as 1 am ,bfil here, ·striking out wllat the Senate put :in and insetting • ·concerned, I -am at -one with ±he Hebrews ::and ·the Unitarians, word for word wbat ·we :put in ·on Septerriber .J.l. hnt I have no doubt there .are 'ten 'UI1itarlans to one Hebrew. ·

Mr. WINGO • ..1 understand that if we pass the bill as ;pro- :Mr .. 'BIEGEL . ..In "the ~Y to•d:ry? · posed by tlill ·committee .m:rumdment ·the President w.m. ·be Mr. 'CANNON. Yes . .authorized :to .appoint .20 n.ildltlonal -chaplains from religious · 'Mr. 'SIEGEL. l ..am ·not ·SD :ce:ta.in about tbat. How m:my sects ..other than those .now Tecognized-? ! ·Unitarians are ·fbere :in 'the .Al.'m_y · to•day'~

Mr. SIEGEL. C.oJ.Teot. · 'Mr. CANNON. I -can not tell. ·Can the gentlema:n tell .me Mr. WINGO. ln other wo:rds, the ~bject of Lthe bill is to :per- , how -many 'Hebrews ·there 'are'? · ·

.mit chaplains .of the ..Jewish hiith-- Mr . ..SIEGEL. Tilere.have been forty thousand and odd c:illed Mr. SIEGEL. .And snch other :faifl:i.s as -are mot represented out so -:far .

.at the present :time-:-- Mr. CANNON. Forty 'thnusam:l and odd ont ·af ·one million._ Mr. WING-o. Yes; to be -appointed. ;in the A.r.my? Mr. SIEGEL. .Oh, cno ~ more than ~.000 out ·of 400,000 in the 1\Ir. SIEGEL. That is cerrect. . _ nationa'l dra::fted .rrrmy ·.at ·the pr.esent :time. That 1s "What I nm 1\Ir. WINGO. J:s there .any p1·obability that those who are :ta:I&ing ·about.

backing this legislation in the House ·will in ·conference a_gree Mr. B.YRNE:S 'Of ·S.auth >Canollnu.. .That woul-d mean 400,000 to the Senate's ·oniginal !Pl'OVision:? Christian Scientists, -according rto 'the ,'figures . of ltbe ~entleman

Mr. SIEHE-L. .I .am not -a .meniber ·of ·the ·Committee on ..1\Iili- from .illinois. tary Affairs, ;'but their report -is unanimous, .recommending :the .Mr. .CANNON. .Does tl1e· gentleman "Say ·there nre -40,000 passage .o.f the ·bill :which we" .:passed :bere the last time, namely, ·B.eb:Fews 'in ·:the .A.r.lny .now.? my bill. Mr. SIEGEL. 'X-esA

Mr. WINp.<). ..I do . ..not object. I -think :tbe ..Jewish . .:faith Mr. BYRNES of 'South Carolina. H tb:e tCbristin.n Scientists should have been represented by ch&plains leng .ago. :are !ten to -on~- that "WOuld -be :400,000 -'Christian Scientists to

Mr.. SIEGEL. I .realize tlutt and -know 'that to be the gentle- ~~000 :Jews. . man's views. Mr. SIEGEL. nd, •Of·.eout• e, the'iO±hertderrominations wonld

..Mr. WINGO. 1 think ea-ch man ·in the Army ·snotdd hav..e .an not be represented at all. . opportunity to have religi.ollS .a.dmmistrat:Wn in keeping "With 1\fr. KNUTSON. Where would the :rest :of us be.? .

~his own faitl1, "'Q.thout ;any .restricmon, !Hnd the .Je-w.s oi ,com·se Mr. SIEGEL. I do not ;want to .a.nswa- the question by saying ought to .be -recognized the -.same :as aeybody else. [f tthat is the .that we would ha-ve to ;increase our popUlation. . purpose of tliis 'bill, I will ·not -objec.t. · 'Mr. ·D~-r:NON . .Af!E:r :all is .said rrn-d:done, [ ·have no ·possible

Mr. SIEGEL. That is tbe pm:pose. · prejudice :"against the Hebrews. Mr. WINGO. The House passed its bill and the Senate 1\!r. SIEGEL. 'l>klmw that very -well.

passed its bill, and the ;tw-o bills ·crossed. The object now is to Mr. CAl~NON. And I -'run 'tolerntfly charitahle to everybody -amend ,the ·Senate bill to conform to the -bill whicb the House else. · . . pus ed the other dny? Mr. SIEGEL. vVe all know that the g-entleman :from Illinois

.Mr. SIEGEL. That ·m correct. The rep-ort s.o -sl1ows. ·:is not toney fair., :but ai;-lall times vecy ~liberal tin ·his <:Views. His 1\Ir. W'INGO. Then I llave no o.bje.clion to it. ' whole iife is .an :e.\'ddence Qt that._ 'Th~e rrs ~ assu~ance ·.tlmt l\Ir. ·cANNON. Will' the gentleman yield~ the P~·esident is going to appoint 20 ~plains ·:Of the Jewish Mr. SIEGEL. I yield .to 'the ;gen'tletna:n .from :nunois. faith, or 5, or any particular Tnumber of any p·atticular faith. Mr. CANNON. If this bill ·_pa ses, it ~ill :provide for ·.2.0 Mr. CANNON. ·I mm under rtlm :itJWression •that · !four or

chaplains. · :fi-ve of the P1:otestant .or.gauizations . are :r.epresented .among •the :llr. SIEGEL . . Not exceeding 20. • Chaplains now. lUr. ·CA.lii"NO.N. How muny ·chaplains :are :there -now antllor.ized l\Ic SIEGEL. :a: <lo not -know -v -~ ·much abont ·.the condition

by 'Jn.w! · to <\V.hich ·the .gentleman mnkes .referenee ::rod ther-efore am un--:Nlr. fEGEL. There aTe none of the Je,n :b faith. a'ble to express any optnlon. · ·

·754~ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--HOUSE .. SEPTEMBER 29-,

The SPEA.KER pro tempore, Is th.ere objection? -.. Mr. STAFFORD. . Reserving the right to object, a very pecul· iar condition is presented by the submission of this Senate bill for consideration in the House. In my experience I do not recall 11 similar condition. · _ The House on September 11, as Members will recall, passed the bill providing for the appointment by the Presid.ent during the present emergency of 20 chaplains. That bill went over to the Senate. Subsequently thereto, after the House bill had' been ines aged over to the Senate, tlie_Senate,- instead of considering .the House bill, said substantially by its action on this bill, "No; we will not consider the House bill providing for the 20 chap· Iains. We will not offer an amendment to the House bill in ·accordance with our ideas, but we will pass a substantially new bill and leave the House blll to slumber." So the Senate on Sep. tember 13, two days after they had received the House bill on thi ubject, passed the bill (S. 2527) providing for 20 chaplains, though the appointment was somewhat restricted, and provided that 12 of them should repreSent religious sects not recognized ln the apportionment of chaplains now provided by law and 8 for service in base hospitals.

This Senate bill came over to the House and was referred to the Committee on 1\Illitary . Affairs. The House Committee on Military Affairs struck out all of the Senate provision and sub· stituted the language of the original House bill. Now, if we should pass this House bill and send it ov~r to the Senate, what will be the legislative status? The Senate may say the House jntended to have 40 chaplains instead of 20. It may pass the original House bill providing for 20 and then accept the Senate bill with the House amendment for 20 more. The practice is highly objectionable, and for that reason I object.·

1\Ir. ' SIEGE,L. Will the gentleman withhold his objection? Mr. STAFFORD. I will withhold it. l\ir. GARRETT of Tennessee. I hope if the gentleman fi•om

Wisconsin is going to make an objection he will make it now. 1\fr. SIEGEL. I want to say that I have consulted with Sena­

tor SHEPPARD and he has asked that this bill be passed \n this fashion.

1\fr. STAFFORD. I do not believe that the Senate should pigeonhole a House bill and then pass a Senate bill on the same identical subject.

1\lr. SIEGEL. Does the gentleman believe that the legisla­tion ought to be held up in this mann:er?

1\fr. STAFFORD. \Ve have no certainty whatever tllat it will be passed by the Seriate in this way. We have sent over there a bill embodying this same matter, and they have not acted upon it. The responsibility is on the Senate.

1\lr. SIEGEL. Both forms of bills were before the Senate Committee on Military Affairs, and the committee recommended this one.

Mr. STAFFORD. It is highly objectionable to pass in this ~ay two bills involvin~ the same subject, and I object.

BRIDGE ACROSS THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER.

Mr. Kl~UTSON. Mr. Speaker, my colleague [Mr. 1\Irr.LER] is on a mission to Europe for the Red Cross. He has two bills on the Unanimous Consent Calendar-both bridge bills-and I ask unanimous con ent for the present consideration of the bill s. 2434.

The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Mirine· sota asks unanimous consent for the present consideration of the bill S. 2~34, of which the Clerk will report the title.

The Clerk read as follows: S. 2434. Ali act authorizing the counties of Co.ss and Itasca, Minn.,

to com-truct a• bridge across the Mississippi River between said counties. - The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the pres· ent consideration of the bill?

Mr. WALSH. I object. LEAVE OF .ABSENCE.

l\Ir. SI£EENERSON, by unanimous consent, was given leave of absence for 10 days, on account of attendance on the Pneumatic Tube Commission meetings in c.~icago and St. Louis.

ADJOURNMENT.

1\Ir. GARRETT of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House do now adjourn.

The motion was agreed to; ·accordingly (at 1 o'clock and 45 minutes p. m.) the House adjourn~ until Monday; October 1; 1917, at 12 o'cl~cl\: noon. ·

. . . PUBIJO BILLS,· RESOLUTIONS, AND MEMORIALS. Under clause 3 of Rule XXII,- bills, resolutions, and memorials

}Vere. introduced and .severally referred as follows: . · . By ·.Mr. WEBB: ·A bill (H. R .. 6361) to extend protection ·to the civil tigJrts ·of members of the Military and Naval Establish~

ments of the United States engaged in the present war; to tht.• Committee on the Judiciary. . . .

By 1\Ir. PADGETT: A bill (H. R. 6362) to promote the effi­ciency of ·the United States Navy; to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Also, a bill (H. R. 6363} to ·provide for the service of officer: of auxiliary naval forces on naval courts; to the Committee on Naval Affairs. . .

By ·Mr. MARTIN of Louisiana: A bill (H. R. 6364) to amend an act entitled "An act to provide further for the · national security and defense by encouraging the production, conserving the supply, and controlling the distribution of food products and fuel," approved August 10. 1917; to the Committee on Agri· culture. .

· By Mr. J A. COW AY: A bill (H. R. 6386) granting the consent of Congress for the construction of a bridge and approaches thereto across the Arkansas River between the cities of Little Rock and Argenta; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. ·

By Mr. FITZGERALD: Resolution (H. Res. 157) to confer jurisdiction over appropriations and estimates upon a single

·committee; to the Committee on Rules.

PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS. · Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, private bills and resolutions

were introduced and severally referred as follows: By Mr. DIXON: A bill (H. R. 6365) granting an increase of

pension to , Charles J. Edington; to the Committee o·n Invalid Pensions. ·

Also, a bill (H. R. 6366) granting an increase of pension to John 'I'. Bell; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions.

Also, a bill (H. R. 6367) granting an increase of pension to Fra,nces A. Weddel; to the CoPlJllittee on Invalid Pensions.

Also, a bill . (H. R. 6368) granting an increase of pension to \Villlam H. Jackson; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions.

Also, a bUl (H. R. 6369) granting an increase of pension to William H. Buchanan; to the Committee· on Invalid Pensions.

Also, a bill (H. R. 6370) granting an increase of pension to Mary A. Fredenburg; to the Ooillri:littee on Invalid Pensions.

Also, a bill (H. R. 6371) granting an increase of pension to Benjamin F. Hedrick; to the .. Committee on Invalid Pensions.

Also, a bill (H. R. 6372) granting an increase of pension to James_ W. Hall; to the Committe~ on Invalld Pensions.

Also, a bill (H. R. 6373) granting an increase of pension to Thomas Ward; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions.

Also, a bill (H. R. 6374) granting an increase of pension to Frederick Willman; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions.

.Also, a bill (H. R, 6375) granting an increase of pensiou to Henry B. Tonnemacker ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions.

Also, a blll (H. R. 6376) granting an increase ·of pension to William Seal ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions.

Also, a bill (H. R. 6377) granting an increase of pension to Laura McWilliams ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. . Also, a bill (H. R. 6378) granting an increase of pension to

Charles F. McPherson; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 6379) granting an increase of pension to

John W. Amos; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 6380) granting an increase of penslou to

Samuel Parker; to the Committee. on Invalid Pensions. Also, a blll (H. R. 6381) granting an increase of pension to

John A. C. Hazel; to the Committee on Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 6382) granting a pension to Vance K.

Stewart; to the Committee on Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 6383) granting a pension to George W.

Dudley; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 6384) granting a pension to Eliza Sisco;

to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. · By Mr. WILSON of Illinois: A bill (H. R. 6385) for the relief

of Kenneth S. Cook, storekeeper, second class, United States Navy; to the Committee on Naval Affairs.

PETITIONS, ETC. Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, petitions and papers were Inid

on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows : · · By Mr. CARY: · Petition of National Association of Master

Bakers, favoring-the Stephens price-fiXing bill; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Co~erce.

Also, petition of Pompeian Co. favoring the necessary Govern· q1ent action to keep the Ameri~an dollar at parity in ev~ry nation of the world; to the Committee on Banking and Currency. . By Mr. FULLER of Illinois: Petition of the National Associa­tion of ··Master -Ba_ker!rfor the · Stephens· price-fixing bill-Ho"Qse bill 212; to the Committee on Interstate and ·Foreign Commerce.