ACADEMIC REGULATIONS COURSE STRUCTURE ... - SVCET

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B. Tech Regular Four Year Degree Courses (For the Batches Admitted From 2012-2013)

&

B. Tech (Lateral Entry Scheme) (For the Batches Admitted From 2013-2014)

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SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY (AUTONOMOUS)

R.V.S. Nagar, CHITTOOR – 517 127, A.P

Phones: (08572) 246339, 245044 Fax: (08572) – 245211 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

(Autonomous)

(Affiliated to J.N.T. University Anantapur, Anantapur).

ACADEMIC REGULATIONS

B.Tech. Regular Four Year Degree Program

(For the batches admitted from the academic year 2012-13)

And

B.Tech. (Lateral Entry Scheme)

(For the batches admitted from the academic year 2013-14)

1. Applicability : All the rules specified herein, approved by the Academic

Council, Will be in force and applicable to students admitted

from the academic year 2012-2013 onwards. Any reference

to “College” in these rules and regulations stands for Sri

Venkateswara College of Engineering and Technology

(Autonomous).

2. Extent: : All the rules and regulations, specified herein after shall be

read as a whole for the purpose of interpretation and as and

when a doubt arises, the interpretation of the Chairman,

Academic Council is final. As per the requirements of

statutory bodies, Principal, Sri Venkateswara College of

Engineering and Technology shall be the Chairman, of the

Academic Council.

3. Admission :

3.1 Admission in to first year of Four Year B.Tech Degree Program of study in

Engineering:

3.1.1 Eligibility : A candidate seeking admission into the first year of Four year

B.Tech Degree Program should have

Passed either Intermediate Public Examination conducted by the Board of

Intermediate Education, Andhra Pradesh, with Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry as

optional subjects (or any equivalent examination recognized by Board of Intermediate

Education and JNTU Anantapur) or a Diploma in Engineering in the relevant branch

conducted by the Board of Technical Education, Andhra Pradesh (or equivalent

Diploma recognized by State Board of Technical Education, govt. of A.P and JNTU

Anantapur) for admission.

3.1.2 Admission

Procedure

: As per the existing stipulations of A.P State Council of Higher

Education (APSCHE), Government of Andhra Pradesh,

admissions are made into the first year of Four year B.Tech.

Degree Program as follows:

A – Category & B – Category seats are filled as per the norms prescribed by the Govt. of

A.P. from time to time.

3.2 Admission into the second year of Four Year B.Tech. Degree Program in

Engineering:

3.2.1 Eligibility : Candidates qualified in ECET (FDH) and admitted by the

Convener, ECET (FDH).

In all such cases for admission, when needed, Permissions from the statutory

bodies are to be obtained.

3.2.2 Admission

Procedure

: Lateral Entry seats are filled as per the norms prescribed by

the Govt. of A.P. from time to time.

4. Programs of study offered leading to the award of B.Tech degree

1. B.Tech (Civil Engineering)

2. B.Tech (Computer Science & Engineering)

3. B.Tech (Electrical & Electronics Engineering)

4. B.Tech (Electronics & Communication Engineering)

5. B.Tech (Information Technology)

6. B.Tech (Mechanical Engineering)

5. Academic

Year

: The College shall follow Yearly Pattern for first year course

and semester pattern from second year onwards.

The first year of Four year B.Tech Program shall have a

minimum of 32 instructional weeks. From second year

onwards each semester shall have a minimum of 16

instructional weeks.

6. Course

Structure

: Each Program of study shall consist of:

General subjects comprising of the following: (5 to 10%)

i. English Language /Communication Skills / Mind Skills

ii. Humanities and Social Sciences

iii. Economics

iv. Principles of Management

The above courses are common to all Branches.

Basic science subjects comprising of the following: (15 to 25%)

i. Computer Literacy with Numerical Analysis

ii. Mathematics

iii. Physics

iv. Chemistry

The above courses are common to all branches.

Basic Engineering subjects comprising some of the following,

depending upon the branch: (15 to 25%)

i. Engineering Drawing

ii. Engineering & IT workshop

iii. Engineering Mechanics

iv. Basic Mechanical Engineering

v. Electrical & Electronics Engineering

vi. Computer Programming

Core Subjects: (45 to 55%)

The list of professional subjects are chosen as per the suggestions of the experts

to impart broad based knowledge needed in the concerned branch of study.

Elective subjects: (10 to 15%)

Electives will be offered to the students to diversify the spectrum of knowledge.

These electives can also be chosen from outside the main discipline, based on the

interest of the student to broaden his individual skill and knowledge.

The students shall complete:

A mini project in an industry during the summer term following the second

semester of third year B. Tech Program for a period of 4 weeks. A report shall be

submitted to Department after successful completion of the mini project, during

IV year I semester.

A Main project in the institution / industry during IV year II semester for a period

of one semester. A report shall be submitted to the department after successful

completion of the main project.

7. Credit System : Credits are assigned based on the following norms.

Subject Yearly Pattern Semester Pattern

Periods / Week Credits Periods / Week Credits

Theory 01 02 01 01

Practical 03 04 03 02

Mini Project -- -- -- 02

Seminar -- -- -- 02

Comprehensive Viva -

Voce

-- -- -- 02

Final Year Project -- -- -- 10

i. As a norm, for the theory subjects, one credit for one contact period per week is

assigned in semester system. In yearly pattern two credits for one contact

period per week is assigned.

ii. As a norm, for practical courses two credits will be assigned for three contact

periods per week in semester pattern. In yearly pattern four credits will be

assigned for three contact periods per week.

iii. Tutorials do not carry any credits. However, each of the analytical and problem

oriented courses will have one tutorial period per week.

iv. For Mini project/Project/Seminar/Comprehensive Viva-Voce, where formal contact

hours are not specified, credits are assigned based on the complexity of the work

to be carried out.

The four year curriculum of any B.Tech, Program of study shall have a total of 224

credits.

In the case of lateral entry students, B.Tech. program of study shall have a total

of 172 credits.

The exact requirements of credits for each subject will be as recommended by the

concerned Board of Studies and approved by the Academic Council.

8. Examination System : All components in any Program of study will be

Evaluated continuously through internal evaluation

and an external evaluation component conducted as

year/semester-end examination.

8.1 Distribution of Marks: S.N0 Examination Marks

%

Examination and

Evaluation

Scheme of examination

1

Theory

70

Year/Semester-end

examination (external

Paper setting and

evaluation)

This Examination question

paper in theory subjects will

be for a maximum of 70

marks. The question paper

shall be of descriptive type

with 8 questions (one question

from each unit) out of which 5

are to be answered in 3 hours

duration of the examination.

30

20

Mid–

Examination

of 120 Min.

duration

(Internal

evaluation).

The question

paper shall

be of

descriptive

type with 5

questions out

of which 4

are to be

answered and

evaluated for

20 marks.

In Yearly Pattern: Three

(03) mid – term exams, each

for 20 marks are to be

conducted. Average of the

best two mid-term exams

shall be considered.

Mid-I: After first spell of

instructions (I to II Units).

Mid-II: After second spell of

instructions (III to V Units).

Mid-III: After third spell of

instructions (VI to VIII Units)

In Semester pattern:

Two (02) mid-term exams,

each for 20 marks are to be

conducted. Better of the two

shall be considered.

Mid-I: After first spell of

instructions(I to IV Units)

Mid-II: After second spell of

instructions (V to VIII Units.)

10

Assignment

(Internal

evaluation)

In yearly pattern: Three

Assignments shall be given

and each will be evaluated for

10 marks, Average of Three

Assignments shall be taken

as internal marks for the

Assignments.

In Semester pattern: Two

assignments shall be given

and each will be evaluated for

10 marks. Average of two

Assignments shall be taken

as internal marks for the

assignments.

2 Laboratory

50

Year/ Semester-end Lab

Examination (External

evaluation)

50 marks are allotted for

laboratory examination during

year/semester-end.

25 15 Continuous

evaluation

Performance in laboratory

experiments and Record.

10 Internal

evaluation

Practical Test at the end of the

year / semester

3

Drawing

50

Year/ Semester-end

drawing Examination

(External evaluation)

50 marks are allotted for

drawing examination during

year/semester-end.

50

30

Continuous

evaluation

Performance in Drawing

classes

20 Internal

evaluation

Practical tests (for yearly

pattern three tests will be

conducted. Average of best

two will be taken.

In semester pattern two tests

will be conducted. Better of

the two will be taken.

4

Seminar 50 Internal Evaluation Evaluation during a semester

by the Departmental

Committee (DC).

5 Comprehensi

ve Viva-Voce 100

Internal Evaluation Viva-voce examination

conducted at the end of IV

year II Sem.

6 Mini Project 50 Internal evaluation Evaluation by the DC

7 Project Work 200 150 External Semester-end Project Viva-

evaluation Voce Examination by a

Committee as detailed under

8.2.

50

Internal

evaluation

Continuous evaluation by the

DC

8.2 Project Work

Evaluation

: The Semester-End Examination (Viva-voce) shall be

conducted by a Committee consisting of External

examiner (nominated by the Chief Controller of

Examinations), HOD, & Supervisor. The evaluation of

project work shall be conducted at the end of the IV year

second semester. The Internal Evaluation shall be made

by the Departmental Committee, on the basis of two

project reviews of each student.

8.3 Eligibility to appear for the year/ Semester-End examination:

8.3.1 A student shall be eligible to appear for year-end / Semester –End examinations

if he acquires a minimum of 75% of attendance in aggregate of all the subjects

in a year / semester.

8.3.2 Condonation of shortage of attendance in aggregate up to 10% (65% and above

and below 75%) in first year or each semester may be granted on medical

grounds by the College Academic Committee. A stipulated fee shall be payable

towards condonation of shortage of attendance to the College.

8.3.3 Shortage of Attendance below 65% in aggregate shall in no case be condoned

and the candidate will be detained.

8.3.4 Detained students are not eligible to take their end examination of that class and

their registration shall stand cancelled.

8.3.5 A student detained due to shortage of attendance, will have to repeat that year /

semester when offered next.

8.4 Evaluation: Following procedure governs the evaluation.

8.4.1 The marks for the internal evaluation components will be added to the external

evaluation marks secured in the Year/Semester –End examinations, to arrive at

total marks for any subject in that Year/semester.

8.4.2 Performance in all the subjects is tabulated program-wise and will be scrutinized

by the Examination Committee and moderation is applied if needed, and subject-

wise marks lists are finalized. Total marks obtained in each subject are converted

into letter grades.

8.4.3 Student-wise tabulation is done and student-wise Grade Sheet is generated and

issued to the students.

8.5 Revaluation / Recounting:

Students shall be permitted for request for recounting/revaluation of the year /

Semester-End examination answer scripts within a stipulated period after

payment of prescribed fee. After recounting or revaluation, records are updated

with changes if any and the student will be issued a revised grade sheet. If there

are no changes, the same will be intimated to the students.

8.6 Supplementary Examination:

8.6.1 In addition to the regular year/ Semester- End examinations conducted, the

College may also schedule and conduct supplementary examinations for all the

subjects of other year/ semesters when feasible for the benefit of students. Such

of the candidates writing supplementary examinations may have to write more

than one examination per day.

8.6.2 If any candidate fails to secure pass marks in the Seminar / Comprehensive

Viva-Voce / Mini Project, he can be permitted to register for supplementary

examinations.

9. Academic Requirements for Promotion/ completion of regular B.Tech

Program of study:

The following academic requirements have to be satisfied in addition to the

attendance requirements for promotion/completion of regular B.Tech Program of

study.

9.1 For students admitted in B.Tech (Regular) Program:

i. A student shall be deemed to have satisfied the minimum academic

requirements for each theory, practical, design drawing subject or project if he

secures not less than 35% of marks in the year / Semester End examination

and a minimum of 40% of marks in the sum total of the internal evaluation and

year / Semester-End examination taken together. For the seminar, mini project

and comprehensive viva he should secure 40% of marks in the internal

evaluation.

ii.A student shall be promoted from second year to third year only if he fulfills the

academic requirement of securing 54 credits from:

a) Two Regular and One Supplementary examinations of I year.

b) One Regular and One Supplementary examination of Second year

I semester.

c) One Regular Examination of Second year II semester.

Irrespective of whether the candidates appear for Semester-End examination or

not as per the normal course of study.

iii.A student shall be promoted from third year to fourth year Program of study

only if he fulfills the academic requirements of securing 82 credits from:

a) Three regular and two supplementary examinations of first year

b) Two regular and two supplementary examination of second year first

semester.

c) Two regular and one supplementary examinations second year

second semester.

d) One regular and one supplementary examination of third year first

semester.

e) One Regular Examination of Third year II semester.

Irrespective of whether the candidate appears for the Semester-End

examination or not as per the normal course of study and in case of

getting detained for want of credits by sections 9.1(ii) and 9.1 (iii) above,

the student may make up the credits through supplementary

examinations before the date of commencement of class work for III year

I semester or IV year I semester as the case may be.

iv. A student shall register for all the 224 credits and earn all the 224

credits. Marks obtained in all the 224 credits shall be considered for the award

of the class based on CGPA.

v. A student who fails to earn 224 credits as indicated in the course

structure within eight academic years from the year of their admission shall

forfeit his seat in B. Tech. Program and his admission stands cancelled.

9.2 For Lateral Entry Students (batches admitted from 2013-2014):

i. A student shall be deemed to have satisfied the minimum academic

requirements for each theory, practical, design, drawing subject or project if

he secures not less than 35% of marks in the Semester-End examination and

a minimum of 40% of marks in the sum total of the internal evaluation and

Semester-End examination taken together. For the Seminar, Mini Project and

Comprehensive Viva, the student should secure 40% of marks in the internal

evaluation.

ii. A student shall be promoted from third year to fourth year only if he fulfills the

academic requirements of securing 56 credits from the following examinations.

a) Two regular and two supplementary examinations of II year I

semester.

b) Two regular and one supplementary examination of II year II

semester.

c) One regular and one supplementary examination of III year I

semester.

d) One Regular Examination of Third year II semester.

Irrespective of whether the candidate appear the Semester-End examination or not

as per the normal Course of study and in case of getting detained for want of credits

the student may make up the credits through supplementary exams of the above

exams before the date of commencement of class work for IV year I semester.

iii. A student shall register for all 172 credits and earn all the 172 credits.

Marks obtained in all 172 credits shall be considered for the award of the class

based on CGPA

iv. A student who fails to earn 172 credits as indicated in the Course structure

within six academic years from the year of their admission shall forfeit his seat in

B.Tech. Program and his admission stands cancelled.

10. Transitory Regulations:

Students who got detained for want of attendance (or) who have not fulfilled

academic requirements (or) who have failed after having undergone the course in

earlier regulations (or) have discontinued and wish to continue the course are

eligible for admission into the unfinished semester from the date of commencement

of class work with the same (or) equivalent subjects as and when subjects are

offered and they continue to be in the academic regulations of the batch they join

later.

A regular student has to satisfy all the eligibility requirements within the maximum

stipulated period of eight years, and a lateral entry student within six years, for the

award of B.Tech Degree.

11. Grades, Grade Point Average and Cumulative Grade Point Average

11.1 Grade System : After all the components and sub-components of any subject

(including laboratory subjects) are evaluated, the final total

marks obtained will be converted to letter grades on a “10

point scale” described below.

% of marks obtained Grade Grade Points(GP)

90 to 100 A+ 10

80 to 89 A 9

70 to 79 B 8

60 to 69 C 7

50 to 59 D 6

40 to 49 E 5

Less than 40 in sum of Internal and External

(or) Less than 25 in External

F

0

Not Appeared N 0

Pass Marks: A student is declared to have passed theory and/ or laboratory subject, if

he secures minimum of 35% marks in external examination, and a minimum of 40%

marks in the sum total of internal evaluation and external examination taken together.

Otherwise he will be awarded fail grade – F in such subject irrespective of internal

marks.

F is considered as a fail grade indicating that the student has to pass the year /

semester-end examination in that subject in future and obtain a grade other than F and

N for clearing this subject.

11.2 Grade Point Average (GPA):

Grade Point Average (GPA) will be calculated as given below on a “10 Point scale” as

an Index of the student’s performance at the end of I year / each semester:

GPA =

Where C denotes the credits assigned to the subjects undertaken in that Year/

semester and GP denotes the grade points earned by the student in the respective

subjects.

11.3 Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA):

At the end of every year / semester, a Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) on a

10 Point scale is computed considering all the subjects passed up to that point as an

index of overall Performance up to that Point as given below:

CGPA =

Where C denotes the credits assigned to subjects undertaken upto the end of the

current year/semester and GP denotes the grade points earned by the student in the

respective courses.

11.4 Grade Sheet: A grade sheet (Marks Memorandum) will be issued to each student

Indicating his performance in all subjects registered in that year/ semester Indicating

the GPA and CGPA. GPA and CGPA will be rounded off to the second place of decimal.

12. Transcripts: After successful completion of the entire Program of study, a transcript

containing performance of all academic years will be issued as a final

record. Duplicate transcripts will also be issued, if required, after payment of requisite

fee.

13. Award of

Degree

: The Degree will be conferred and awarded by Jawaharlal Nehru

Technological University Anantapur, Anantapur on the

recommendation of The Principal of SVCET (Autonomous).

13.1 Eligibility : A student shall be eligible for the award of B.Tech. Degree if he

fulfills all the following conditions:

Registered and successfully completed all the components prescribed in the

program of study for which he is admitted.

Successfully acquired the minimum required credits as specified in the

curriculum corresponding to the branch of study within the stipulated time.

Obtained CGPA greater than or equal to 5.0 (Minimum requirement for

declaring as passed.)

13.2 Award of Class : Declaration of Class is based on CGPA.

Cumulative Grade Point Average Class

≥7.0 First Class with Distinction

≥6.0 and<7.0 First Class

>5.0 and <6.0 Second Class

5.0 Pass Class

14. WITH – HOLDING OF RESULTS: If the candidate has not paid dues to the

university/ college or if any case of in-discipline is pending against him, the result

of the candidate shall be withheld and he will not be allowed / promoted into the

next higher semester. The issue of degree is liable to be withheld in such cases.

15. Additional academic regulations:

i. A regular student has to complete all the eligibility requirements within the

maximum stipulated period of eight years, and a lateral entry student

within six years.

ii. A student can appear for any number of supplementary examinations till he

clears all subjects within the stipulated period.

iii. A grade sheet (marks memorandum) will be issued to the student indicating

his performance in all the courses of that year /semester along with the

GPA and CGPA.

iv. A transcript containing the performance in all the components required for

eligibility for award of the Degree will be issued to the student.

v. Any canvassing / impressing the administration, examiners, faculty or staff

in any form, the candidate is liable for punishment as per the mal practice

rules appended here with.

vi. When a student is absent for any examination (internal or external) he is

treated as to have appeared and obtained zero marks in that component

(course) and grading is done accordingly.

vii. When a component is cancelled as a penalty, he is awarded zero marks in

that component.

16. Amendments to regulations:

The Academic Council Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering and Technology

(Autonomous) reserves the right to revise, amend, or change the Regulations,

Scheme of Examinations, and / or Syllabi or any other Policy relevant to the

needs of the society or industrial requirements etc.., without prior notice.

17. General:

Where the words “he”,”him”,”his”,”himself” occur in the regulations, they include

“she”, “her”, “herself”.

Note: Failure to read and understand the regulations is not an excuse.

.

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

(Autonomous)

R.V.S. NAGAR, CHITTOOR

Identification of Courses

B. Tech

Each course shall be uniquely identified by an alphanumeric code of width 7 characters as given

below.

No. of digits Description

First two digits Year of regulations Ex:12

Next one letter

Type of program: A: B. Tech

B: M. Tech

C: M.B.A

D: M.C.A

Next two letters Code of department: HS/CE/CS/EE/EC/IT/ME/MB/MC

Last two digits Indicate serial numbers: ≥ 01

Ex: I Year Course:

12AHS01

12AHS02

12AHS03

12AHS04

12ACS01

12AEE01

12AEC01

12ACE01

12AME01

12AHS05

12ACS02

12AME02

12AHS06

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINNERING & TECHNOLOGY

(AUTONOMOUS)

(AFFILIATED TO JNTUA, ANANTAPUR)

RULES FOR DISCIPLINARY ACTION FOR MALPRACTICE / IMPROPER

CONDUCT IN EXAMINATIONS

Nature of Malpractices / Improper conduct Punishment

If the candidate

1. (a)

Possesses or keeps accessible in examination

hall, any paper, note book, programmable

calculators, Cell phones, pager, palm

computers or any other form of material

concerned with or related to the subject of the

examination (theory or practical) in which he

is appearing but has not made use of (material

shall include any marks on the body of the

candidate which can be used as an aid in the

subject of the examination)

Expulsion from the examination hall and

cancellation of the performance in that subject

only.

(b)

Gives assistance or guidance or receives it

from any other candidate orally or by any

other body language methods or

communicates through cell phones with any

candidate or persons in or outside the exam

hall in respect of any matter.



only of all the candidates involved. In case of

an outsider, he will be handed over to the

police and a case is registered against him.

2.

Has copied in the examination hall from any

paper, book, programmable calculators, palm

computers or any other form of material

relevant to the subject of the examination

(theory or practical) in which the candidate is

appearing.



and all other subjects the candidate has

already appeared including practical

examinations and project work and shall not

be permitted to appear for the remaining

examinations of the subjects of that

Semester/year.

The Hall Ticket of the candidate is to be

cancelled.

3.

Comes in a drunken condition to the

examination hall.






be permitted to appear for the remaining

examinations of the subjects of that

Semester/year.

4.

Smuggles in the Answer book or additional

sheet or takes out or arranges to send out the

question paper during the examination or

answer book or additional sheet, during or

after the examination.






be permitted for the remaining examinations

of the subjects of that Semester/year. The

candidate is also debarred for two consecutive

semesters from class work and all University

examinations. The continuation of the course

by the candidate is subject to the academic

regulations in connection with forfeiture of

seat.

5.

Leaves the exam hall taking away answer

script or intentionally tears of the script or

any part thereof inside or outside the

examination hall.


cancellation of the performance in that

subject and all other subjects the

candidate has already appeared including

practical examinations and project work

and shall not be permitted for the

remaining examinations of the subjects of

that Semester/year. The candidate is also

debarred for two consecutive semesters

from class work and all University

examinations. The continuation of the

course by the candidate is subject to the

academic regulations in connection with

forfeiture of seat.

6.

Possess any lethal weapon or firearm in the

examination hall.


cancellation of the performance in that


candidate has already appeared including


and shall not be permitted for the

remaining examinations of the subjects of

that Semester/year. The candidate is also

debarred and forfeits of seat.

7.

Impersonates any other candidate in

connection with the examination.

The candidate who has impersonated shall

be expelled from examination hall. The

candidate is also debarred and forfeits the

seat. The performance of the original

candidate who has been impersonated,

shall be cancelled in all the subjects of the

examination (including practicals and

project work) already appeared and shall

not be allowed to appear for examinations

of the remaining subjects of that

semester/year. The candidate is also

debarred for two consecutive semesters

from class work and all University

examinations. The continuation of the

course by the candidate is subject to the

academic regulations in connection with

forfeiture of seat. If the impostor is an

outsider, he will be handed over to the

police and a case is registered against him.

8.

Refuses to obey the orders of the Chief

Superintendent / Assistant – Superintendent /

any officer on duty or misbehaves or creates

disturbance of any kind in and around the

examination hall or organizes a walk out or

instigates others to walk out, or threatens the

officer-in-charge or any person on duty in or

outside the examination hall of any injury to

his person or to any of his relations whether

by words, either spoken or written or by

signs or by visible representation, assaults

In case of students of the college, they

shall be expelled from examination halls

and cancellation of their performance in

that subject and all other subjects the

candidate(s) has (have) already appeared

and shall not be permitted to appear for

the remaining examinations of the

subjects of that semester/year. The

candidates also are debarred and forfeit

their seats. In case of outsiders, they will

be handed over to the police and a police

the officer-in-charge, or any person on duty

in or outside the examination hall or any of

his relations, or indulges in any other act of

misconduct or mischief which result in

damage to or destruction or property in the

examination hall or any part of the College

campus or engages in any other act which in

the opinion of the officer on duty amounts to

use of unfair means or misconduct or has the

tendency to disrupt the orderly conduct of

the examination.

case is registered against them.

9.

If student of the college, who is not a

candidate for the particular examination or

any person not connected with the college

indulges in any malpractice or improper

conduct mentioned in clause 6 to 8.

Student of the colleges expulsion from the

examination hall and cancellation of the

performance in that subject and all other

subjects the candidate has already

appeared including practical examinations

and project work and shall not be

permitted for the remaining examinations

of the subjects of that semester/year. The

candidate is also debarred and forfeits the

seat.

Person(s) who do not belong to the

College will be handed over to police and,

a police case will be registered against

them.

10.

Uses objectionable, abusive or offensive

language in the answer paper or in letters to

the examiners or writes to the examiner

requesting him to award pass marks.

Cancellation of the performance in that

subject.

11.

Copying detected on the basis of internal

evidence, such as, during valuation or during

special scrutiny.

Cancellation of the performance in that


candidate has appeared including


of that semester/year examinations.

12.

If any malpractice is detected which is not

covered in the above clauses 1 to 11 shall be

reported to the Examination committee for

further action to award suitable punishment.

Malpractices identified by squad or special invigilators

1. Punishments to the candidates as per the above guidelines.

Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering and Technology(Autonomous)

R.V.S. Nagar, Chittoor-517127.A.P

Course Structure for B.Tech in Electronics & Communication Engineering

I B.Tech (Yearly Pattern)

Sl.

No.

Course

Code Subject

Periods Credits Scheme of Examination

(Maximum Marks)

L T P C Internal External Total

1 12AHS01 Technical English 2 - - 4 30 70 100

2 12AHS02 Engineering Mathematics-I 3 1 - 6 30 70 100

3 12AHS03 Engineering Physics 2 - - 4 30 70 100

4 12AHS04 Engineering Chemistry 2 - - 4 30 70 100

5 12ACS01 Programming in C & Data Structures

3 1 - 6 30 70 100

6 12AEC01 Electronic Devices and Circuits 3 1 - 6 30 70 100

7 12AME01 Engineering Drawing 2 - 4 6 50 50 100

8 12AHS05 Engineering Physics and

Engineering Chemistry Lab - - 3 4 25 50 75

9 12ACS02 Computer Programming Lab - - 3 4 25 50 75

10 12AME02 Engineering and IT Workshop - - 3 4 25 50 75

11 12AHS06 English Language &

Communication Skills Lab - - 3 4 25 50 75

Total 17 3 16 52 330 670 1000

II B.Tech I Semester

Sl.

No.

Course

Code Subject

Periods Credits

Scheme of Examination

(Maximum Marks)

L T P Internal External Total

1 12AHS07 Engineering Mathematics-II 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

2 12AEE09 Electrical Circuit Theory 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

3 12AEC02 Probability Theory and

Stochastic Processes 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

4 12AEC03 Signals and Systems 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

5 12AEC04 Electronic Circuit Analysis 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

6 12AHS09 Environmental Science 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

7 12AEC05 Electronic Devices and Circuits

Lab - - 3 2 25 50 75

8 12AEC06 Signals and Systems Simulation Lab

- - 3 2 25 50 75

Total 24 6 6 28 230 520 750

II B.Tech II Semester

Sl.

No.

Course

Code Subject

Periods Credits


(Maximum Marks)


1 12AHS10 Engineering Mathematics-III 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

2

12AHS11

Managerial Economics and

Financial Analysis 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

3 12AEC11 Pulse and Digital Circuits 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

4 12AEC12 Switching Theory and Logic

Design 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

5 12AEC13 Electromagnetics and Transmission Lines

4 1 - 4 30 70 100

6 12AEE14 Electrical Technology 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

7 12AEC14 Electronic Circuit Analysis Lab - - 3 2 25 50 75

8 12AEE15 Electrical Technology Lab - - 3 2 25 50 75

Total 24 6 6 28 230 520 750

III B.Tech I Semester

Sl.

No.

Course

Code Subject

Periods Credits


(Maximum Marks)


1 12AEC18 Analog Communication 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

2 12AEC19 Linear IC Applications 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

3 12AEC20 Digital IC Applications 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

4 12AEC21 Antenna and Wave Propagation 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

5 12AEE17 Control Systems 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

6 12AEC22 Microprocessors and

Microcontrollers 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

7 12AEC23 Pulse and Digital Circuits Lab - - 3 2 25 50 75

8 12AEC24 IC Applications & ECAD Lab - - 3 2 25 50 75

Total 24 6 6 28 230 520 750

III B.Tech II Semester

Sl.

No.

Course

Code Subject

Periods Credits


(Maximum Marks)


1 12AEC26 VLSI Design 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

2 12AEC27 Microwave Engineering 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

3 12AHS12 Management Science 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

4 12AEC28 Digital Signal Processing 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

5 12AEC29 Digital Communication 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

6 12ACS07 Computer Organization 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

7 12AEC30 Analog and Digital

Communication Lab - - 3 2 25 50 75

8 12AEC31 Microprocessors and

Microcontrollers Lab - - 3 2 25 50 75

9 12AEC32 Seminar - - - 2 50 - 50

Total 24 6 6 30 280 520 800

IV B.Tech I Semester

Sl.

No.

Course

Code Subject

Periods Credits


(Maximum Marks)


1 12AEC33 Optical Communications 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

2 12ACS15 Computer Networks 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

3 12AEC34 Digital Image Processing 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

4 12AEC35 Electronic Measurements and

Instrumentation 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

Elective - I

5

12AEC36 Television Engineering

4 1 - 4 30 70 100 12AEC37 Microcontrollers & Applications

12AEC38 Satellite Communications

Elective – II

6

12AEC39 DSP Processors and Architectures

4 1 - 4 30 70 100 12AEC40 Embedded Systems

12AEC41 Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic

7 12AEC42 Microwave and Optical

Communication Lab - - 3 2 25 50 75

8 12AEC43 DSP Lab - - 3 2 25 50 75

9 12AEC44 Mini Project - - - 2 50 - 50

Total 24 6 6 30 280 520 800

IV B.Tech II Semester

Sl.

No.

Course

Code Subject

Periods Credits


(Maximum Marks)


1 12AEC45 Cellular and Mobile

Communications 4 1 - 4 30 70 100

Elective III

2

12AEC46 Robotics

4 1 - 4 30 70 100 12AEC47 Spread Spectrum Communications

12AEC48 Biomedical Instrumentation

Elective IV

3

12AEC49 Wireless Communication &

Networks

4 1 - 4 30 70 100 12AEC50 Digital Design Through VERILOG

12AEC51 Adaptive Filter Theory

Elective V

4

12AEC52 Radar Systems

4 1 - 4 30 70 100 12AEC53 Nano Electronics

12AEC54 Human-Computer Interface

5 12AEC55 Comprehensive Viva - - - 2 100 - 100

6 12AEC56 Project Work - - - 10 50 150 200

Total 16 4 - 28 270 430 700

PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES (PEOS)

I. Preparation: To prepare students to pursue professional careers or continue their education in

postgraduate programmes

II. Core Competence: To develop ability among students to synthesize data & technical concepts for

application to product design.

III. Breadth: To provide students with solid foundation and good scientific and engineering fundamentals

necessary to formulate, solve and analyze Electronics and Communications Engineering problems.

IV. Professionalism: To provide opportunity for students to work as part of team on multidisciplinary

projects and also make them able to relate engineering issues to broader social context.

V. Learning Environment: To provide students with an academic environment of excellence, leadership,

written ethical codes and guidelines, and provide life-long learning needed for a successful professional career.

PROGRAMME OUTCOMES

The Program Outcomes after successful completion of B.Tech ECE program are the students

will have ability

(a to apply knowledge of mathematics, science and engineering.

(b) to identify, formulate and solve Electronics and Communications Engineering problems.

(c) to design electronic circuits, conduct experiments and analyze ,interpret data and report results.

(d) to design analog and digital systems and components as per the desired specifications and requirements.

(e) to visualize and work in Electonics and Communication Engineering laboratores and on multi-disciplinary

tasks.

(f) to use modern engineering tools, software and equipment to analyze problems.

(g) to understand and demonstrate knowledge of professional and ethical responsibilities.

(h) to communicate effectively in both written and verbal form.

(i) to understand the impact of engineering solutions on society and also be aware of contemporary issues.

(j) to develop confidence for self education and ability for life-long learning.

(k) to participate and succeed in competitive examinations.

Programme

Objectives Programme Outcomes

a b c d e f g h i j k

I x x x x

II x x x

III x x x x

IV x x x

V x x x

I. Preparation: To prepare students to pursue professional careers or continue their education in postgraduate

Programmes

Outcomes:

a – Ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science and engineering.

c – Ability design electronic circuits, conduct experiments, analyze and interpret data, and report results.

h – Ability to communicate effectively in both written and verbal form.

k –Ability to participate and succeed in competitive examinations.

Contributions to Outcomes:

a – Use of references and day-to-day analogies to make the concept clear and easily understandable. Outcome

is regularly monitored by faculty through assignments and surprise tests.

c- Students are made to work on minor projects related to the course curriculum during the academic

session. Their practical know-how is continuously assessed through pre and post experimental quiz and viva

after each experiment in laboratory.

h- Personality development program, soft skill course, group discussions and presentations enable to

enhance and measure the ability of students to communicate effectively in both written and verbal form.

k- Assignments, examinations, question and answer sessions (verbal) in the class room help them to face

effectively the competitive examinations.

II. Core Competence: To develop ability among students to synthesize data & technical concepts for

application to product design.

Outcomes:

b – Abilty to identify, formulate and solve Electronics and Communications Engineering problems.

c – Ability to design electronic circuits, conduct experiments and analyze, interpret data and report results.

d – Ability to design analog and digital systems and components as per the desired specifications and

requirements.

Contribution to Outcomes:

b –Assignments related to the unit covered are given, assessed and discussed in tutorials. Quiz/crosswords are

conducted for a recap of the unit.

c –Students are made to work on minor projects related to the course curriculum during the academic session. Their

practical know-how is continuously assessed through pre and post experimental quiz and viva after each experiment

in laboratory.

d –Students should complete a mini project in an industry during the summer term following the second semester of third

year B. Tech program for a period of 4 weeks. This will give a practical exposure to students with an ability to design

electronic circuits and systems as per requirement and specifications.

III. Breadth: To provide students with solid foundation and good scientific and engineering fundamentals necessary to

formulate, solve and analyze Electronics and Communications Engineering problems.

Outcomes:

a –Ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science and engineering.

b –Abilty to identify, formulate and solve Electronics and Communications Engineering problems.

c –Ability to design electronic circuits, conduct experiments and analyze ,interpret data and report results.

e- Ability to visualize and work in Electonics and Communication Engineering laboratores and on multi-

disciplinary tasks. .


a – Use of references and day-to-day analogies to make the concept clear and easily understandable. Outcome

is regularly monitored by faculty through assignments and surprise tests

b – Assignments related to the unit covered are given, assessed and discussed in tutorials. Quiz/crosswords are

conducted for a recap of the unit.

c- Students are made to work on minor projects related to the course curriculum during the academic

session. Their practical know-how is continuously assessed through pre and post experimental quiz and viva

after each experiment in laboratory.

e- Students are made to work with modern software tools, thereby designing and formulating the circuits.

These circuits are then simulated and constructed on the bread-boards, thereafter analyzed and interpreted.

IV. Professionalism: To provide opportunity for students to work as part of team on multidisciplinary

projects and also make them able to relate engineering issues to broader social context.

Outcomes:

e – Ability to visualize and work in Electonics and Communication Engineering laboratores and on multi-

disciplinary tasks

i – Ability to understand the impact of engineering solutions on society and also be aware of contemporary

issues.

j – Ability to develop confidence for self education and ability for life-long learning.


e- Students are made to work with modern software tools, thereby designing and formulating the circuits. These

circuits are then simulated and constructed on the bread-boards, thereafter analyzed and interpreted.

i- Seminars are conducted on the latest technical topics. Application oriented projects relating engineering

issues to real life problems are made by the students.

j- Aptitude for self study and lifelong learning is inculcated in students by conducting seminars, debates and

group discussions on some of the topics related to curriculum.

V. Learning Environment: To provide students with an academic environment of excellence, leadership,

written ethical codes and guidelines, and provide life-long learning needed for a successful professional career.

Outcomes:

f – Ability to use modern engineering tools, software and equipment to analyze problems.

g –Ability to understand and demonstrate knowledge of professional and ethical responsibilities.

j –Ability to develop confidence for self education and for life-long learning.


f- Students are made to work with modern software tools, thereby designing and formulating the circuits. These circuits

are then simulated and constructed on the bread-boards, thereafter analyzed and interpreted.

g- Personality development program, soft skill course, and group discussions enable to instill professional and ethical

attitude. Time bound presentations, submission of assignments and projects inculcate professional and ethical

responsibilities in students.

j- Aptitude for self study and lifelong learning is inculcated in students by conducting seminars, debates and group

discussions on some of the topics related to curriculum.

Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering and Technology, Chittoor. (Autonomous)

I B.Tech L T P C 4 1 0 4

12AHS01 TECHNICAL ENGLISH (Common to all Branches)

Objectives:

1. To train the students to think logically and reasonably

2. To train students to use language effectively and to expose the students to a varied blend of self- instructional, learner-friendly modes of language learning.

3. To improve the students’ proficiency in English at all levels. 4. To enhance the confidence of the students by exposing them to various situations and context which they

face in their career.

Outcomes: After completion of the course the student will be able to

1. master in four basic skills (LSRW) to channelize their notions in simple and grammatical English.

2. use English for communication and for performing the technical functions 3. use English as a vehicle to touch the technical sky

4. use logical and reasonable ability while attending written examination and interviews

UNIT-I

Text: IN LONDON - by M.K. Gandhi

Non- Detailed: Wings of Fire by Abdul Kalam – lessons 1 to 3

UNIT-II

Text: MAN’S PERIL by - Bertrand Russell

Non- Detailed: Wings of Fire- lessons 4 to 6

UNIT-III

Text: THE GOLD FRAME by- R.K. Laxman


UNIT-IV

Text: A SERVICE OF LOVE by - O. Henry


UNIT-V

Text: ENVIRONMENT by – C.V. Raman

Non – Detailed: Wings of Fire –lessons 13 to 15

UNIT- VI

Text: C.V. RAMAN by – Subhashree Desikan.

Non – Detailed: Wings of Fire –lessons 16 to 18

UNIT- VII

Text: THE MAN WHO WOULD BE KING- Rudyard kipling

Non-Detailed: wings of fire- lessons 19 to 21

UNIT- VIII

Text: LIVING OR DEAD- Rabindranath Tagore

Non-Detailed: Wings of Fire –lessons 22 to 24

REMEDIAL GRAMMAR:

1. Correction of sentences 2. Sub-verb agreement

3. Use of articles and prepositions, active/passive voice and reported speech 4. Vocabulary development

a) Synonyms and antonyms b) Prefixes and suffixes c) One word substitutions d) Idioms and phrases e) Words often confused f) Homophones, Homo graphs and Homonyms

Text Books:

1. Text: Technical English

2. Non Detailed: Wings of Fire- Abdul Kalam. APJ. Universities Press, 2004

References:

1. Ashraf Rizvi M. Resumes and interviews,Tata- McGraw Hill, 2009 2. Robert J. Dixson, Everyday Dialogues in English by Prentice-Hall of India Ltd., 2006. 3. Andrea J Rutherford -Basic communication skills for Technology, Pearson Education, Asia

Ltd, 2000.

4. Thomson Martinet- Practical English Grammar by, Oxford, 1986. 5. Leech Svartvik, Communicative Grammmar of English. Longman, 1975. 6. Swan Practical English Usage, oxford, 2005. 7. Johnson, Communication in the class room, Longman, 1999. 8. Horn A.S. Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary.Oxford, 1948. 9. Bansal R.K, Harrison J B, Spoken English, Longman, 1983 10. Balasubramaniyam T. A Text Book of English Phonetics for Indian students, Macmillan,

2000. 11. MeenakshiRaman Sangeetha Sharma Technical communication, Oxford, 2004. 12. Krishna Mohan Developing Communication Skills, Macmillan, 2000. 13. Daniel Jones An Out Line of English Phonetics, Kalyani Publishers, 1940. 14. Ahuja BN Dictionary of Synonyms & Antonyms, Good will Publishers, 2008. 15. Cambridge International of Phrasal Verbs, Cambridge, 1997. 16. Martin Hewings Essential English Grammar , Cambridge, 2000

17. John Eastwood Oxford Practice Grammar, Oxford, 2004. 18. Daniel Jones English Pronouncing Dictionary Oxford, 2002

Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering and Technology, Chittoor.

(Autonomous) I B.Tech

L T P C 3 1 0 6

12AHS02 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS –I (Common to all branches)

Objectives:

1. To model and analyze real life problems

2. To apply Differential equations, Laplace transforms, Integrals and multiple integrals to Engineering problems.

3. To increase the student's appreciation of the basic role played by mathematics in modern technology


1. familiar with the applications of differential equations, Laplace transforms, Vector Integrals and Multiple

integrals, Curve tracing and vector calculus.

2. appreciate the usage of above concepts to engineering applications.

UNIT-I

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION: Differential equation of first order and first degree-exact, Non –exact, linear and Bernoulis Equations-Applications of first order and degree of Differential equation: Orthogonal Trajectories, Newton’s Law of cooling, Law of Natural Growth and

decay.

UNIT-II

NON-HOMOGENOUS AND LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION: Non-homogenous and Linear Differential equation of 2nd order and higher order with Constant co-efficient with R.H.S terms of the type eax ,sinax, cosax, polynomials in x, exv(x), xV(x),Method of variation of

parameters.-Variable Coefficients-L-R-C Circuits.

UNIT-III

MEAN VALUE THEOREMS: Rolle’s theorem-Lagrange’s mean value theorem (without proof)-Taylor’s theorem and Maclaurin’s series-functions of several variables –Jacobian-maxima and Minima for functions of two variables-Lagrangean method of multipliers of 3 variables only.

UNIT-IV

RADIUS OF CURVATURE: Curve tracing-Cartesian, polar, parametric curves. Applications of Integration: length, Volume and surface area of solid of revolution Cartesian and polar co-ordinates.

UNIT-V

MULTIPLE INTEGRALS: Double and Triple integrals-Change of variables-change of Order of integration.

UNIT-VI LAPLACE TRANSFORMS-I: Laplace transforms of standard functions-Inverse Transforms-First –Shifting Theorem-transforms of derivatives and integrals-Unit step Function-2nd Shifting Theorem –Dirac delta Functions-. ,

UNIT-VII

LAPLACE TRANSFORMS-II: convolution theorems- Laplace transforms of periodic functions. Differentiation and integration Laplace transforms. Applications of Laplace transform ordinary differential equation of 1st and 2nd order

UNIT-VIII

VECTOR CALCULUS: Gradient, Divergence, curl and their properties. Vector Integration: line Integrals –potential functions-area, surface and volume integrals -Vector Integral theorems: Green’s theorem-Stoke’s theorem& Gauss Divergence theorems (without proof)-Verification of Green’s, Stoke’s and Gauss’s Theorem Text Books: 1. Iyengar. T.K.V., Krishna Gandhi .B and others, A Text book of Engineering Mathematics –

I,New Delhi, S.Chand and company,2011.

2. Shankaraiah.C, A Text book of Engineering Mathematics, Vijayawada,VGS book links,2007.

3. Rukmangadachari.E and Keshava Reddy, A Text book of Engineering Mathematics-I, Pearson Education

References: 1. Dr..Grewal .B.S, Higher Engineering Mathematics,New Delhi,Khanna Publishers,2004. 2. Ramana .B.V., A Text book of Engineering Mathematics, Tata Mc Graw Hill,2009. 3. Thomson ,A Text book of Engineering Mathematics, Book Collection 4. Bail.N, Goyal.M. & Walking.C, A Text book of Advanced Engineering Mathematics-A

computer approach


(Autonomous) I B.Tech L T P C 2 0 0 4

12AHS03 ENGINEERING PHYSICS

(Common to all Branches)

Objectives:

1. To understand the basic concepts of light, crystallography and X-ray diffraction,Quantum mechanics, Lasers and Fiber optics applicable to basic engineering concepts.

2. To understand the importance of semiconductors, superconductors, nano materials, dielectric & magnetic materials in the various engineering fields.

Outcomes: After completion of the course students will be able to

1. imbibe the knowledge of wave nature of light, crystallography, behavior of electrons in various potential fields, band theory solids, semiconductors & super conductors, magnetic &dielectric materials applicable to

material science 2. get Knowledge about the advanced concepts of engineering physics.

UNIT I OPTICS: Interference in thin films by reflection – Interference by air wedge method – Newton Rings. Diffraction – Fraunhofer diffraction at single slit – Diffraction grating – Grating spectrum. Polarization – Nicol prism – Theory of circular and elliptical polarized light – Quarter and Half wave plates – Applications.

UNIT II CRYSTAL STRUCTURES: Introduction – Space lattice – Basis – Unit cell – Lattice parameter – Crystal systems – Bravais lattices – Structure and packing fractions of Simple cubic, body centered cubic, face centered cubic crystals – structures of Diamond, ZnS, NaCl. CRYSTAL PLANES AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION: Directions and planes in crystals – Miller Indices – Separation between successive [ h k l ] planes – Diffraction of X-rays by crystal planes – Bragg’s law –Laue method and powder method. UNIT III PRINCIPLES OF QUANTUM MECHANICS: Wave and particles – Planck’s quantum theory – de Broglie hypotheses – Matter waves – Davisson and Germer experiment – Schrödinger time independent wave equation – Physical significance of wave function – Particle in one dimensional box – Quantum free electron theory – Fermi-Dirac distribution & effect of temperature – Electron scattering and resistance - Temperature and compositional dependence

with examples – Bloch theorem (statement only) – Kroning Penney model(qualitative treatment only) – Origin of energy band formation in solids – Metals, semiconductors and insulators. UNIT IV SEMICONDUCTORS: Introduction – Intrinsic semiconductor and carrier concentration –Extrinsic semiconductor and carrier concentration –Fermi level-Equation of conductivity - Drift and diffusion – Einstein’s equation – Hall Effect. SUPERCONDUCTORS: General properties of superconductors – Meissner effect – Penetration depth – Type I and Type II superconductors – Flux quantization – Josephson effect – BCS theory – Application of superconductors - SQUID Electronics.

UNIT V NANOMATERIALS: Introduction – Basic properties of nanomaterials – Fabrication of nanomaterials: Ball milling, Spray pyrolysis, Plasma arching, Chemical vapor deposition, Sol-Gel method –Carbon Nano Tubes -Application of nanomaterials and carbon nano tubes . UNIT VI

DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES: Introduction – Dielectric constant – Electronic, Ionic and Oriental polarizations – Internal fields – Clausius-Mossotti equation - Frequency dependence of the polarizability – Ferro and Piezo electricity. MAGNETIC PROPERTIES: Introduction – Origin of magnetic moment – Classification of magnetic materials – Dia, Para, Ferro, antiferro and ferri magnetism– Hysteresis curve – Soft and Hard magnetic materials and their applications. UNIT VII LASERS: Introduction – Characteristics of lasers – Spontaneous and stimulated emission of radiation – Einstein’s coefficients – population inversion –Ruby laser - He-Ne laser – Semiconductor laser – Applications of laser. UNIT VIII

FIBER OPTICS : Introduction – Principle of optical fiber – Acceptance angle and acceptance cone – Numerical aperture – Step-Index fiber and transmission of signal in SI fiber – Graded-Index fiber and transmission of signal in GI fiber – Attenuation in optical fibers –Optical fibers in communication system - Advantages of optical fibers in communication – Optical fiber communication system. Application of optical fibers in medicine and sensors. Text Books:

1. Dr. Mani Naidu.S: Engineering Physics, 1st Edition, Pearson Publishing House, 2012.

2. Rajendran and Thyagarajan: Engineering Physics, Delhi, TMH Publishers, 2011

3. Palanisamy .p. k: Engineering Physics, Hyderabad, Scitech Publications, 2009

4. Gaur and Gupta: Engineering Physics, New Delhi, Dhanpat Rai Publishers, 2003 Reference Books:

1. Pillai.S.O: Solid State Physics, 6th edition,New Delhi: New Age International, 2005.

2. Kittel.C: Introduction to Solid State Physics,7th edition, New Delhi: Wiley publishers,

2008.

3. Chattopadhyay,k.k, Banerje,A.N: Introduction to Nano Science and Technology,New

Delhi: PHI,2009 .

4. Resnick, Halliday and Walker: Fundamentals of Physics, 6th Edition, New Delhi: Wiley

Publishers, 2001. 5. Pradeep, T: Nano, The essentials, TMH, 2008.



12AHS04 ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY


Objectives:

1. To understand importance of Hard water treatments, corrosion factors, polymer properties, fuels-calorific

values, lubricants, explosives and propellants. 2. basic concept of Batteries function, nano materials, composite materials, principles of absorption and emission

of radiations.

Outcomes: After Completion of the course student will be able to

1. understand the disadvantages of hard water, designing of corrosion resistance metallic part, selection of

suitable polymers and fuels, handling of explosives and propellants. 2. understand the difference between batteries and fuel cells, application of nano materials and composite

materials, estimation of metal ion concentration.

UNIT- I WATER TECHNOLOGY: Sources of Water - Types of impurities in Water - Hardness of Water – Temporary and Permanent hardness-Units of hardness - Disadvantages of Hard Water - Estimation of hardness by EDTA titration methods - Numerical Problems on calculation of hardness of water; Dissolved Oxygen . Methods of Treatment of Water for Domestic purposes – Treatment of Water for Industrial purpose – Characteristics of Water for Steam generation, Boiler Troubles – Boiler Corrosion - Carry Over (Priming and Foaming), Scales and Sludges, Caustic Embrittlement. Internal conditioning methods – Colloidal, Phosphate, Calgon, Carbonate, Sodium aluminates Conditioning of Water. Water softening methods: Zeolite process – Ion- Exchange Process - Demineralization of

Brackish Water – Electro dialysis and Reverse Osmosis.

UNIT – II

CORROSION ENGINEERING: Definition, Types (dry and wet corrosion) and causes of corrosion –

Theories and mechanism of corrosion - Galvanic Series, Galvanic Corrosion, Concentration Cell Corrosion, Oxygen absorption type of corrosion - Factors influencing corrosion. Control of

Corrosion – Cathodic Protection – Sacrificial anodic and Impressed Current cathodic protection – Corrosion Inhibitors - Electro Plating and Electro less plating (Principles and applications with copper and nickel plating as examples).

UNIT – III

HIGH POLYMERS: Classification of polymers – Mechanism of polymerization – addition and

condensation. Plastics –Thermosetting and Thermoplastics. Preparation, Properties and

Engineering applications of PE, PTFE, PVC, Nylon, Bakelite ; Rubber - Processing of Natural Rubber- Vulcanization - Compounding of rubber – Synthetic rubber - Buna S, Buna N, Polyurethane Rubber, Silicone Rubber. Moulding of plastics into articles - Compression, Injection, transfer and extrusion methods. Conducting Polymers - Classification - Properties and applications of conductive polymers –Methods of degradation of polymers - Biodegradable polymers.

UNIT- IV FUELS AND COMBUSTION: Fuels – Definition and Classification of fuels - Calorific value - LCV, HCV, measurement of calorific value using Bomb calorimeter and Junkers gas calorimeter (numerical problems) – characteristics of a good fuel. Solid fuels: Metallurgical Coke – Characteristics & Manufacture (Otto-Half Mann method) Liquid Fuels: Source of petroleum – fractionation -Gaseous fuels: LPG, natural gas, CNG - composition and applications. Biofuels: Biodiesel and Biogas – Composition and applications. Combustion: Definition and Calculation of

air quantities (numerical problems), Flue gases and their analysis by Orsat’s apparatus.

UNIT- V LUBRICANTS, EXPLOSIVES AND PROPELLANTS: Lubricants: Function of lubricant – Classification - liquid, semi solid and solid - mechanism of different types of lubrication - properties: Viscosity, Flash and fire points, Aniline point, and Mechanical strength – Selection of lubricants. Explosives and Propellants: Classification of explosives – Blasting fuses – Important explosives – Uses of explosives. Monopropellants and bipropellants – Classification of Rocket propellants - Examples, composition and applications. UNIT- VI ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS: Electrochemical Cells: Measurement of EMF, Standard electrode potential, concentration cells; Basic concepts, working principles, characteristics and applications of different electrochemical energy systems - Conventional Primary battery - Dry cell; Advanced Primary batteries - Lithium and alkaline; Conventional secondary batteries:

Lead-acid, Nickel-Cadmium; Advanced secondary batteries: Nickel-Metal hydride and Lithium-ion. Fuel cells: Hydrogen-oxygen and methanol–oxygen construction, working and applications.

UNIT- VII MATERIALS CHEMISTRY: Composite materials: Constituents of composites – Types of composites- Fibre reinforced, metal matrix, ceramic – properties and specific applications. Nanomaterials: classification, properties and applications General methods of preparation of nanomaterials – combustion and sol-gel processes of preparation of Silver, Zinc oxide and Ruby nanoparticles UNIT- VIII INSTRUMENTAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS: Electromagnetic spectrum: EMR interaction with matter - absorption and emission of radiation. Colorimetry and Spectrophotometry - UV- visible

– Principle – Beer-Lambert’s law- Instrumentation of colorimeter, single beam and double beam spectrophotometer – Quantitative applications of colorimetric analysis – estimation of concentration of a typical metal ion (Iron – 1,10 - phenonthroline complex).

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Jain & Jain. Text book of Engineering Chemistry. 15th edition. New Delhi: Dhanpat Rai Publishing Company, 2008.

2. A text book of Engineering Chemistry by S.S. Dara, S.Chand & Co, New Delhi (2008) 3. Prof. Jayaveera,K.N , Dr. Subba Reddy,G.V and Dr.Ramachandraiah,C. Engineering

Chemistry.Hyd: McGraw Hill Higher Education , 2009 4. Mamata V. Sachdeva. Basics of Nanochemistry. New Delhi: Anmol Publications Pvt.

Ltd,2011 5. Gurudeep and chatwaal. Instrumental methods of analysis. Mumbai: Himalaya

Publishing House,1979

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Dr.Chandrasekhar.K.B, Dr.Dash.U.N and Dr.Sujatha Mishra. Engineering Chemistry. Hyderabad: Scitech Publications Pvt. Limted, 2009

2. Fuel Cells principle and applications by B.Viswanath, M.Aulice Scibioh-Universities press

3. Agarwal.C.V.Chemistry of Engineering Materials. Varanasi:Tara Publication, 2008 4. Physical Chemistry-Glasston & Lewis. 5. Kuriacose.J.C and Rajaram.J Engineering Chemistry (Vol.1&2). New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill , 2004 6. Applied chemistry: A Text Book for Chemistry for Engineers & Technologists,

G.D.Gesser, Springer,2000 7. Muralidharan.V.S and A.Subramania. Nano Science and technology.New Delhi:Aue

Books Pvt. Ltd 2009


B.Tech. I year L T P C 3 1 0 6

12ACS01 Programming in C & Data Structures


Objectives:

1. Learn how these principles are implemented in the C programming language.

2. Develop problem-solving skills to translate 'English' described problems into programs written using the C language.

3. An understanding of the function and operation of development software such as the compiler, interpreter, editor, IDE (Integrated Development Environment), and debugger.

Outcomes:

At the end of the subject, students will be able to: 1. Solve engineering problems using the C language

2. Students are expected to improve their programming skills. 3. Students are expected to apply the knowledge gained for their project work.

UNIT – I

Introduction – The Problem Solving aspect – Top Down Design – Implementation of Algorithms – Program Verification – Efficiency of Algorithms – Analysis of Algorithms.

UNIT - II Introduction to C Language – Background, Simple C Program, Identifiers, Basic data types, Variables, Constants, Input / Output, Operators. Expressions, Precedence and Associativity, Expression Evaluation, Type conversions, Bitwise operators, Statements, Simple C Programming examples. Selection statements – if and switch statements, Repetition statements – while, for, do-while statements, Loop examples, other statements related to looping – break, continue, GOTO, Simple C Programming examples. UNIT - III Designing Structured Programs, Functions, basics, user defined functions, inter function communication, Standard functions, Scope, Storage classes-auto, register, static, extern, scope rules, type qualifiers, recursion- recursive functions, Preprocessor commands, example C programs Arrays – Concepts, using arrays in C, inter function communication, array applications, two –

dimensional arrays, multidimensional arrays, C program examples. UNIT - IV Pointers – Introduction (Basic Concepts), Pointers for inter function communication, pointers to pointers, compatibility, memory allocation functions, an array of pointers, programming applications, pointers to void, pointers to functions, command –line arguments. Strings – Concepts, C Strings, String Input / Output functions, arrays of strings, string manipulation functions, string / data conversion, C program examples.

UNIT - V Derived types – Structures – Declaration, definition and initialization of structures, accessing structures, nested structures, arrays of structures, structures and functions, pointers to structures, self referential structures, unions, typedef, bit fields, enumerated types, C programming examples. UNIT - VI Input and Output – Concept of a file, streams, standard input / output functions, formatted input / output functions, text files and binary files, file input / output operations, file status functions (error handling), C program examples.

UNIT – VII Searching and Sorting – Sorting- selection sort, bubble sort, insertion sort, quick sort, merge sort, Searching-linear and binary search methods, Trees: representation, tree traversals. UNIT - VIII Data Structures – Introduction to Data Structures, abstract data types, Linear list – singly linked list implementation, insertion, deletion and searching operations on linear list, Stacks-Operations, array and linked representations of stacks, stack application-infix to postfix conversion, postfix expression evaluation, recursion implementation, Queues-operations, array and linked representations.

TEXT BOOKS: 1., B.A. Forouzan and R.F. Gilberg, C Programming & Data Structures ,Third Edition, Cengage Learning. 2. J.R.Hanly, Ashok N. Kamthane and A. Ananda Rao, Programming in C and Data Structures, Pearson Education. 3. R.G.Dromey, "How to Solve it by Computer ", PHI , 1998

REFERENCES: 1. P. Padmanabham, C& Data structures – Third Edition, B.S. Publications. 2. B.W. Kernighan and Dennis M.Ritchie, The C Programming Language ,PHI/Pearson Education. 3. J.A. Jones & K. Harrow, C Programming with problem solving,Dreamtech Press. 4. Stephen G. Kochan, Programming in C , III Edition, Pearson Education. 5. H.Cheng, C for Engineers and Scientists, Mc.Graw-Hill International Edition. 6. A.M.Tanenbaum, Y.Langsam, and M.J. Augenstein, Data Structures using C, Pearson Education / PHI. 7. P. Dey, M Ghosh R Thereja, C Programming & Data Structures, Oxford University Press. 8. E V Prasad and N B Venkateswarlu, C& Data structures ,S. Chand & Co.


(Autonomous) L T P C

B.Tech- I Year-ECE 3 1 - 6

12AEC01 ELECTRONIC DEVICES & CIRCUITS

Objectives:

1. To provide clear explanation of the operation of all the important electronic devices available today. 2. To show how each device is used in appropriate circuits.

3. To demonstrate how such circuits are designed.

Outcomes: 1. Students will get familiar knowledge about the Semiconductor Devices like Diode, BJT, Uni-polar

devices like. JFET, MOSFET & UJT.

UNIT-I Circuit Elements-Active and Passive elements, V-I characteristics, Independent and Dependent Sources, Kirchhoff’s Laws, Network reduction techniques: Mesh and Nodal analysis., Thevenins and Norton Theorems, Principle of Superposition-simple problems. Different types of waveforms-Sinusoidal alternating quantities-concept of Frequency, Period, Phase, Average and RMS values-simple problems. Concept of Port, h-parameters.

UNIT- II JUNCTION DIODE CHARACTERISTICS : Review of semi conductor Physics – n and p –type semi conductors, Mass Action Law, Continuity Equation, Hall Effect, Fermi level in intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, Open-circuited PN junction, The PN junction Energy band diagram of PN diode, Biasing of PN diode, The current components in PN diode, Law of junction, Diode equation, Volt-ampere characteristics of PN diode, Temperature dependence of VI characteristic, Transition and Diffusion capacitances, Step graded junction, UNIT - III SPECIAL DIODES:

Breakdown Mechanisms in Semi Conductor (Avalanche and Zener breakdown) Diodes, Zener diode characteristics, Characteristics of Tunnel Diode with the help of energy band

diagrams, Semiconductor Photodiode, Photovoltaic Effect, Light Emitting Diodes. UNIT- IV RECTIFIERS, FILTERS AND REGULATORS : Half Wave Rectifier, Ripple Factor, Full Wave Rectifier, Harmonic Components in a Rectifier Circuit, Inductor Filter, Capacitor Filter, L-

section Filter and Comparison of Various Filter Circuits in terms of Ripple Factors.

Simple circuit of a Regulator using Zener Diode, Series and Shunt Voltage Regulators. UNIT- V TRANSISTOR and FET CHARACTERISTICS : Junction transistor, Transistor current components, Transistor as an amplifier, Transistor Construction, Detailed study of Currents in a Transistor, Transistor Alpha, Input and Output Characteristics of Transistor in Common Base, Common Emitter and Common Collector Configurations, Relation

between Alpha and Beta, Typical Transistor Junction Voltage Values, JFET Characteristics

(Qualitative and Quantitative discussion), MOSFET Characteristics (Enhancement and Depletion Mode), Symbols of MOSFET, Introduction to SCR and UJT. UNIT-VI BIASING AND STABILISATION : BJT Biasing, DC Equivalent Model, Criteria for Fixing Operating Point, Fixed Bias, Collector to Base Bias, Self Bias Techniques for Stabilization, Stabilization Factors (S, S', S'’), Compensation Techniques, (Compensation against variation in VBE & Ico), Thermal Run away, Thermal Stability, Biasing of FET circuits, FET as a VVR, Comparison between BJT and FET, JFET and MOSFET.

UNIT- VII ANALYSIS OF BJT AMPLIFIERS: Small Signal Low Frequency Transistor Amplifier Circuits, h-parameter representation of a Transistor, Analysis of Single Stage Transistor Amplifier using h-parameters: Voltage Gain, Current Gain, Input Impedance and Output Impedance. Comparison of Transistor configurations in terms of AI , Ri , Av , Ro. Analysis of CE,CB, and CC configurations using h-parameters. UNIT- VIII ANALYSIS OF FET AMPLIFIERS : Small Signal model of JFET and MOSFET, Generalized FET amplifier, Analysis of Common Source, Common Drain and Common Gate amplifiers using small signal model.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. J. Millman & Christos C. Halkias, Integrated Electronics, TMGH Edition, 2008. 2. R.L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, Electronic Devices and Circuits, Pearson/Prentice Hall, 10th Edition, 2009.

3. David A.Bell, Electronic Devices and Circuits, 5th edition, Oxford University Press, 2008.

REFERENCES: 1. T.F. Bogart Jr., J.S.Beasley and G.Rico, Electronic Devices and Circuits, Pearson Education, 6th edition, 2008. 2. G.Burns and P.R.Bond, Principles of Electronic Circuits, S Galgotia Publications, 2nd Edition, 2008. 3. J.Millman and A.Grabel, Microelectronics, Tata McGraw Hill, 2008. 4. J.Millman, C.C.Halkias, and Satyabratha Jit, Millman’s Electronic Devices and Circuits, Tata McGraw Hill, 2nd Edition, 2008.


L T P C B.Tech- I Year 2 - 4 6

12AME01 ENGINEERING DRAWING (Common to all Branches)

Objectives: To understand 1. The importance of Engineering Drawing and to enhance imagination capacity.

2. The Use of Engineering Drawing instruments and improve free hand Lettering. 3. Apply principles of orthographic projections and Prepare pictorial drawings.

Outcomes: After completion of this course, the student will be able to:

1. Prepare pictorial drawings as per the standards. 2. Communicate his/her ideas effectively by using orthographic projections.

3. Prepare the development of surfaces of engineering objects.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING DRAWING: Principles of Engineering Graphics and their Significance – Drawing Instruments and their Use – Conventions in Drawing –

Lettering – BIS Conventions. Curves used in Engineering Practice – scales. a) Conic Sections – General method only. b) Scales – plain and diagonal scales. UNIT II PROJECTION OF POINTS AND LINES: Principles of Orthographic Projection – Conventions – First Angle Projections. Projections of Points, Lines inclined to one and both planes, Problems on projections, Finding True lengths & True inclinations. UNIT III PROJECTIONS OF PLANES: Projections of regular Plane surfaces, Projection of lines and planes using auxiliary planes. UNIT IV

PROJECTIONS OF SOLIDS: Projections of Regular Solids inclined to one plane. UNIT V SECTIONS AND DEVELOPMENTS OF SOLIDS: Section Planes and Sectional views of Right Regular Solids–Prism, Cylinder, Pyramid and Cone. True shapes of the sections. Development of Surfaces of Right Regular Solids – Prisms, Cylinder, Pyramid and Cone. UNIT VI ISOMETRIC PROJECTIONS: Principles of Isometric Projection – Isometric Scale – Isometric Views– Conventions – Isometric Views of Lines, Plane Figures, Simple Solids – Isometric Projection of objects having non- isometric lines. Isometric projections of spherical parts. Conversion of Isometric projections/views to Orthographic Views and vice versa.

UNIT VII INTERPENETRATION OF RIGHT REGULAR SOLIDS: Projections of curves of Intersection of Cylinder Vs Cylinder, Square Prism Vs Square Prism. UNIT VIII PERSPECTIVE PROJECTIONS: perspective view: plane and simple solids. TEXT BOOKS:

1. K.L. Narayana and P. Khanniah, Engineering Drawing, Scitech Publishers. 2. N.D. Bhat, Engineering Drawing, Charotar Publishers. REFERENCES:

1. Johle, Engineering Drawing, Tata McGraw-Hill. 2. Shah and Rana, Engineering Drawing, 2/e, Pearson Education.


(Autonomous)


12AHS05 ENGINEERING PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY LAB


ENGINEERING PHYSICS LAB:

A minimum of 10 experiments to be conducted during the academic year 1. Determination of wavelength of given light source - Spectrometer. 2. Dispersive power of prism 3. Determination of wavelength of laser – Diffraction grating. 4. Determination of particle size by using laser 5. Determination of thickness of thin wire by producing parallel fringes. 6. Newton Rings. 7. Magnetic field along the axis of a current carrying coil – Stewart and Gee’s method. 8. Numerical Aperture of an optical fiber.

9. Bending losses in Optical Fiber. 10. Determination of wavelength of IR source using optical fiber. 11. Determination of Hall Coefficient and Carrier concentration in the given Semiconductor. 12. B-H curve. 13. Energy gap of a semiconductor. 14. Determination of Dielectric constant.

ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY LAB:

1. Preparation of Standard Potassium Dichromate solution and Estimation of Ferrous Ion. 2. Estimation of Copper by Iodometry. 3. Estimation of Hardness of Water by EDTA method. 4. Estimation of Copper by EDTA method

5. Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand 6. Estimation of Dissolved oxygen 7. Determination of strength of the given Hydrochloric acid using standard sodium hydroxide solution by Conductometric titration 8. Determination of viscosity of oils through Redwood viscometer 9. Determination of calorific value of a fuel using Bomb calorimeter

10. Determination of Eutectic Temperature of binary system (Urea – Benzoic Acid) EXAMINATION PATTERN Evaluation is made separately in both the laboratories and average of the marks obtained in both the laboratories is considered for awarding marks in internals and end examination.

Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering and Technology, Chittoor (Autonomous)

L T P C - - 3 4 I B.Tech

12ACS0 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING LAB (Common to all branches)

Week l. a) Write a C program to find the sum of individual digits of a positive integer. b) A Fibonacci Sequence is defined as follows: the first and second terms in the sequence are 0 and 1.

Subsequent terms are found by adding the preceding two terms in the sequence. Write a C program to generate the first n terms of the sequence. c) Write a C program to generate all the prime numbers between 1 and n, where n is a value supplied by the user. Week 2. a) Write a C program to calculate the following Sum:

Sum=1-x2/2! +x4/4!-x6/6!+x8/8!-x10/10! b) Write a C program toe find the roots of a quadratic equation. Week 3 a) Write C programs that use both recursive and non-recursive functions i) To find the factorial of a given integer. ii) To find the GCD (greatest common divisor) of two given integers.

iii) To solve Towers of Hanoi problem. Week 4 a) The total distance travelled by vehicle in ‘t’ seconds is given by distance = ut+1/2at2 where ‘u’ and ‘a’ are the initial velocity (m/sec.) and acceleration (m/sec2). Write C program to find the distance travelled at regular intervals of time given the values of ‘u’ and ‘a’. The program

should provide the flexibility to the user to select his own time intervals and repeat the calculations for different values of ‘u’ and ‘a’. b) Write a C program, which takes two integer operands and one operator from the user, performs the operation and then prints the result. (Consider the operators +,-,*, /, % and use Switch Statement). Week 5

a) Write a C program to find both the largest and smallest number in a list of integers. b) Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following: i) Addition of Two Matrices. ii) Multiplication of Two Matrices. Week 6 a) Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following operations: i) To insert a sub-string in to a given main string from a given position. ii) To delete n Characters from a given position in a given string. b) Write a C program to determine if the given string is a palindrome or not Week 7 a) Write a C program that displays the position or index in the string S where the string T begins, or – 1 if S doesn’t contain T.

b) Write a C program to count the lines, words and characters in a given text. Week 8 a) Write a C program to generate Pascal’s triangle. b) Write a C program to construct a pyramid of numbers.

Week 9 Write a C program to read in two numbers, x and n, and then compute the sum of this geometric progression:

1+x+x2+x3+………….+xn For example: if n is 3 and x is 5, then the program computes 1+5+25+125. Print x, n, the sum Perform error checking. For example, the formula does not make sense for negative exponents – if n is less than 0. Have your program print an error message if n<0, then

go back and read in the next pair of numbers of without computing the sum. Are any values of x also illegal? If so, test for them too. Week 10 a) 2’s complement of a number is obtained by scanning it from right to left and complementing all the bits after the first appearance of a 1. Thus 2’s complement of 11100 is 00100. Write a C program to find the 2’s complement of a binary number. b) Write a C program to convert a Roman numeral to its decimal equivalent. Week 11 Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following operations:

i) Reading a complex number ii) Writing a complex number iii) Addition of two complex numbers iv) Multiplication of two complex numbers (Note: represent complex number using a structure.)

Week 12 a) Write a C program which copies one file to another. b) Write a C program to reverse the first n characters in a file.

(Note: The file name and n are specified on the command line.) Week 13 a) Write a C programme to display the contents of a file. b) Write a C programme to merge two files into a third file ( i.e., the contents of the first file followed by those of the second are put in the third file) Week 14 Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following operations on singly linked list.: i) Creation ii) Insertion iii) Deletion iv) Traversal Week 15 Write C programs that implement stack (its operations) using i) Arrays ii) Pointers

Week 16 Write C programs that implement Queue (its operations) using i) Arrays ii) Pointers Week 17 Write a C program that uses Stack operations to perform the following:

i) Converting infix expression into postfix expression ii) Evaluating the postfix expression Week 18 Write a C program that implements the following sorting methods to sort a given list of integers in ascending order i) Bubble sort

ii) Selection sort

Week 19 Write C programs that use both recursive and non recursive functions to perform the following searching operations for a Key value in a given list of integers : i) Linear search ii) Binary search Week 20 Write C program that implements the following sorting method to sort a given list of integers in ascending order: i) Quick sort Week 21

Write C program that implement the following sorting method to sort a given list of integers in ascending order: i) Merge sort Week 22 Write C programs to implement the Lagrange interpolation and Newton- Gregory forward interpolation. Week 23 Write C programs to implement the linear regression and polynomial regression algorithms. Week 24 Write C programs to implement Trapezoidal and Simpson methods. Text Books 1. P. Padmanabham, C programming and Data Structures, Third Edition, BS Publications. 2. K.R. Venugopal and S.R. Prasad, Mastering C, TMH Publications. 3. M.Cooper, The Spirit of C, an introduction to modern programming, Jaico Publishing House. 4 Steve Oualline,O. Reilly, Practical C Programming,SPD. TMH Publications. 5. V. Rajaraman, Computer Basics and C Programming, PHI Publications.

6. C.R.Kruse, C.L.Tondo, B.P.Leung & M.Shashi, Data structures and Program Design,Pearson Education.

Sri Venkateswara College Of Engineering and Technology (Autonomous)

L T P C - - 3 4

I B.Tech 12AME02 ENGINEERING & IT WORKSHOP

(Common to all branches)

Objectives: The budding Engineer may turn out to be a technologist, scientist, entrepreneur, practitioner, consultant etc. There is a need to equip the engineer with the knowledge of

common and newer engineering materials as well as shop practices to fabricate, manufacture or work with materials. Essentially he should know the labour involved, machinery or equipment necessary, time required to fabricate and also should be able to estimate the cost of the product or job work. Hence engineering work shop practice is included to introduce some common shop practices and on hand experience to appreciate the use of skill, tools, equipment and general practices to all the engineering students.

1. TRADES FOR EXERCISES:

a. Carpentry shop– Two joints (exercises) involving tenon and mortising, groove and tongue: Making middle lap T joint, cross lap joint, mortise and tenon T joint, Bridle T joint from out of 300 x 40 x 25 mm soft wood stock. b. Fitting shop– Two joints (exercises) from: square joint, V joint, half round joint or dove tail joint out of 100 x 50 x 5 mm M.S. stock.

Sheet metal shop– Two jobs (exercises) from: Tray, cylinder, hopper or funnel from out of 22 or 20 guage G.I. sheet. c. House-wiring– Two jobs (exercises) from: wiring for ceiling rose and two lamps (bulbs) with independent switch controls with or without looping, wiring for stair case lamp, wiring for a water pump with single phase starter. d. Foundry– Preparation of two moulds (exercises): for a single pattern and a double pattern.

e. Welding – Preparation of two welds (exercises): single V butt joint, lap joint, double V butt joint or T fillet joint 2. TRADES FOR DEMONSTRATION:

a. Plumbing

b. Machine Shop

c. Metal Cutting

Apart from the above the shop rooms should display charts, layouts, figures, circuits, hand tools, hand machines, models of jobs, materials with names such as different woods, wood faults, Plastics, steels, meters, gauges, equipment, CD or DVD displays, First aid, shop safety etc. (though they may not be used for the exercises but they give valuable information to the student). In the class work or in the examination knowledge of all shop practices may be stressed upon rather than skill acquired in making the job. REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. P.Kannaiah/ K.L.Narayana, Workshop Manual, SciTech Publishers. 2. Jeyapoovan, Saravana Pandian Engineering Practices Lab Manual, 4/e Vikas. 3. GHF Nayler, Dictionary of Mechanical Engineering, Jaico Publishing House.

I.T. WORKSHOP

Objectives:

The IT Workshop for engineers is a training lab course. The modules include training on PC Hardware, Internet & World Wide Web and Productivity tools including Word, Excel, Power Point

and Publisher. PC Hardware introduces the students to a personal computer and its basic peripherals, the process of assembling a personal computer, installation of system software like MS Windows, Linux and the required device drivers. In addition hardware and software level troubleshooting process, tips and tricks would be covered. The students should work on a working PC (PIV or higher)to disassemble and assemble back to working condition and install Windows and Linux on the same PC. Students are suggested to work similar tasks in the Laptop scenario wherever

possible. Internet & World Wide Web module introduces the different ways of hooking the PC on to the internet from home and workplace for usage of the internet. Usage of web browsers, email, newsgroups and discussion forums would be covered. In addition, awareness of cyber hygiene, i.e., protecting the personal computer from getting infected with the viruses, worms and other cyber attacks would be introduced. Productivity tools module would enable the students in crafting professional word documents,

excel spread sheets, power point presentations and personal web sites using the Microsoft suite of office tools and LaTeX. (It is recommended to use Microsoft office 2007 in place of MS Office 2003) PC Hardware Exercise 1 – Task 1: Identify the peripherals of a computer, components in a CPU and its functions. Draw the block diagram of the CPU along with the configuration of each peripheral

and submit to your instructor. Exercise 2 – Task 2: Every student should disassemble and assemble the PC back to working condition. Lab instructors should verify the work and follow it up with a Viva. Also students need to go through the video which shows the process of assembling a PC. A video shall be given as part of the course content. Exercise 3 – Task 3: Every student should individually install MS windows on the personal computer. Lab instructor should verify the installation and follow it up with a Viva. Exercise 4 – Task 4: Every student should install Linux on the computer. This computer should have windows installed. The system should be configured as dual boot with both windows and Linux. Lab instructors should verify the installation and follow it up with a Viva Exercise 5 – Task 5: Hardware Troubleshooting: Students have to be given a PC which does not boot due to improper assembly or defective peripherals. They should identify the problem and fix it to get the computer back to working condition. The work done should be verified by the instructor and followed up with a Viva

Exercise 6 – Task 6: Software Troubleshooting: Students have to be given a malfunctioning CPU due to system software problems. They should identify the problem and fix it to get the computer back to working condition. The work done should be verified by the instructor and followed up with a Viva. OFFICE TOOLS LaTeX and Word Exercise 7 – Word Orientation: The mentor needs to give an overview of LaTeX and Microsoft (MS) office 2007/ equivalent (FOSS) tool word: Importance of LaTeX and MS office 2007/ equivalent (FOSS) tool Word as word Processors, Details of the four tasks and features that would be covered in each, Using LaTeX and word – Accessing, overview of toolbars, saving files, Using help and resources, rulers, format painter in word. Task 1 : Using LaTeX and Word to create project certificate. Features to be covered:-Formatting Fonts in word, Drop Cap in word, Applying Text effects, Using Character Spacing,

Borders and Colors, Inserting Header and Footer, Using Date and Time option in both LaTeX and Word. Excel Exercise 8 - Excel Orientation: The mentor needs to tell the importance of MS office 2007/ equivalent (FOSS) tool Excel as a Spreadsheet tool, give the details of the four tasks and features that would be covered in each. Using Excel – Accessing, overview of toolbars, saving excel files, Using help and resources.

Task 1: Creating a Scheduler - Features to be covered:- Gridlines, Format Cells, Summation, auto fill, Formatting Text. LaTeX and MS/equivalent (FOSS) tool Power Point Exercise 9 - Task1: Students will be working on basic power point utilities and tools which help them create basic power point presentation. Topic covered during this Exercise includes :- PPT Orientation, Slide Layouts, Inserting Text, Word Art, Formatting Text, Bullets and Numbering, Auto Shapes, Lines and Arrows in both LaTeX and Powerpoint. Students will be given model power point presentation which needs to be replicated (exactly how it’s asked). Exercise 10 - Task 2 : Second Exercise helps students in making their presentations interactive. Topic covered during this Exercise includes : Hyperlinks, Inserting –Images, Clip Art, Audio, Video, Objects, Tables and Charts Internet & World Wide Web 2 Exercises

Exercise 11 - Task 1: Orientation & Connectivity Boot Camp : Students should get connected to their Local Area Network and access the Internet. In the process they configure the TCP/IP setting. Finally students should demonstrate, to the instructor, how to access the websites and email. If there is no internet connectivity preparations need to be made by the instructors to simulate the WWW on the LAN. Web Browsers, Surfing the Web: Students customize their web browsers with the LAN proxy settings, bookmarks, search toolbars and pop up blockers. Exercise 12 - Task 2: Search Engines & Netiquette: Students should know what search engines are and how to use the search engines. A few topics would be given to the students for which they need to search on Google. This should be demonstrated by the student to the satisfaction of instructors. Cyber Hygiene: Students would be exposed to the various threats on the internet and would be asked to configure their computer to be safe on the internet. They need to first install an anti virus software, configure their personal firewall and windows update on their computer.

REFERENCES:

1. Introduction to Information Technology, ITL Education Solutions limited, Pearson Education.

2. Leslie Lamport, LaTeX Companion, PHI, Pearson. 3. Peter Norton Introduction to Computers, 6/e Mc Graw Hill. 4. Scott Muller QUE, Upgrading and Repairing PC’s, 18/e,Pearson Education. 5. Vikas Gupta, Comdex Information Technology course tool kit, WILEY Dreamtech. 6. David Anfinson and Ken Quamme, IT Essentials PC Hardware and Software Companion

Guide,3/e, CISCO Press, Pearson Education.


I B.Tech L T P C 4 1 0 4 12AHS06 ENGLISH LANGUAGE COMMUNICATIONS SKILLS LAB

(Common to all Branches) Syllabus: The following course content is prescribed for the English Language Laboratory Sessions.

1. Introduction to the Sounds of English- Vowels, Diphthongs & Consonants.

2. Introduction to Stress and Intonation.

3. Situational Dialogues (giving directions etc.)

4. Speaking on the mobiles and telephone conversation

5. Role play.

6. Oral Presentations-Prepared and Extempore.

7. ‘Just A Minute’ Sessions (JAM)

8. Describing Objects/ Situations/ People.

9. Information Transfer

10. Debate.

MINIMUM REQUIREMENT:

The English Language Lab shall have two parts:

1. The computer aided Language Lab for 60 students with 60 systems, one master console, LAN facility and English language software for self-study by learners.

2. The communication Skills Lab with movable chairs and audio-visual aids with P.A system, a T.V., a digital stereo- audio & video system and camcorder etc.

System Requirement (Hardware component):

Computer network with LAN with minimum 60 multimedia systems with the following

specifications:

i) P-IV Processor

a) Speed – 2.8 GHZ

b) RAM – 512 MB Minimum

c) Hard Disk – 80 GB

ii) Headphones of High quality.

PRESCRIBED SOFTWARE: GLOBARENA

Suggested Software:

Cambridge Advanced Learners English Dictionary with CD.

The Rosetta stone English Library.

Clarity Pronunciation Power- Part I

Mastering English in Vocabulary, Grammar, Spellings, and Composition.

Dorling Kindersley series of Grammar, Punctuation, Composition etc.

Language in Use, Foundation Books Pvt Ltd with CD

Learning to Speak English – 4 CDs

Microsoft Encarta with CD

Murphy’s English Grammar, Cambridge with CD

English in Mind, Herbert Puchta and Jeff Stranks with Meredith Levy, Cambridge.


II B.Tech – I Semester L T P C 4 1 0 4

12AHS07 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS-II (Common to all branches)

Objectives:

1. To develop the basic concepts of Matrices, interpolation, partial differential equations and finite series.

2. To appreciate the applications of PDE to engineering problems.


1. conversant with the basics of matrices, PDEs, finite series etc.

2. model and solve different engineering problems with the above concepts.

UNIT-I

MATRICES: Rank of a matrix- Echelon form, Normal form - solution of linear system of homogeneous and non - homogeneous equations-direct methods - Gauss elimination, Guass -Jordan methods. UNIT-II

EIGEN VALUES AND EIGEN VECTORS: Eigen values and Eigen vectors - Inverse and powers of a matrix by Cayley-Hamilton theorem - Linear Transformations - Orthogonal transformations -

Diagonalization of a matrix. Quadratic forms - Reduction of Quadratic form to canonical form and their nature.

UNIT-III

SOLUTION OF ALGEBRAIC AND TRANSCENDENTAL EQUATIONS: Introduction - The Bisection method - The method of false position - The Iteration method - Newtons-Raphson method

INTERPOLATION: Forward Differences - backward differences - Newton’s forward and backward differences formulae for interpolation - Lagrange’s interpolation formula - Inverse interpolation . UNIT-IV

CURVE FITTING: Fitting a straight line - Second degree curve - Exponential curve - Power curve by method of least squares. Numerical Differentiation and integration - Trapezoidal rule - Simpson’s 1/3 rule.

UNIT-V

NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS OF ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS: solution by Taylor’s series-Picard’s method of successive Approximations - Euler’s Method – Runge-Kutta Methods -Predictor-corrector method - Milne’s method.

UNIT-VI

FOURIER SERIES: Determination of Fourier Coefficients - Even and odd functions - Fourier series in an arbitrary interval - periodic continuous functions - Half-range Fourier sine and cosine expansions. Fourier integral theorem (statement) - Fourier sine and cosine integrals. Fourier Transforms - Fourier sine and cosine Transforms - Inverse transforms-

Finite Fourier transforms. UNIT-VII

PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS: Formation of partial differential equations by elimination of arbitrary constants and arbitrary functions - Method of separation of variables - solution of one dimensional wave equation, heat equation and two – dimensional Laplace’s equation under initial boundary conditions.

UNIT-VIII

Z-TRANSFORMS: Inverse Z - transforms-Properties-Damping rule-Shifting rule - Initial and final value theorems - Convolution theorem - Solution of difference equations by Z- transforms. Text Books:

1. Iyengar T.K.V., Krishna Gandhi.B and others, Mathematical Methods, New Delhi, S.Chand & company,2012.

2. Sankar rao G.,Kesav Reddy.E, Mathematical Methods, International publishing

house,Pvt.ltd 3. Ranganatham.S,Prasad M.S.S.N.,Ramesh Babu.V, Numerical Analysis, S.Chand &

company 4. Sankaraiah .C, Mathematical Methods, Vijayawada,V.G.S Book links,2007.

References:

1. Jain.M.K, IyengarT.K.V,.Jain.R.K. Numerical Methods for Scientific and Engineering Computation. Newage International publishers.

2. Pal, Mathematical Methods ,Oxford University Press,2009. 3. Sastry .S.S., Introduction to Numerical analysis.New Delhi,Prentice Hall of India,2003 4. Erwin Kreyszig ,Advanced Engineering Mathematics. John Wiley & Sons. 5. Dr..Grewal .B.S, Higher Engineering Mathematics,New Delhi,Khanna Publishers,2004


(Autonomous)

II B.Tech –I Semester ECE 12AEE09 ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT THEORY

Objectives: 1. To understand the nature of different circuit elements, fundamental laws and network theorems, Electrical

Circuit analysis which is the foundation for all subjects of the Electrical Engineering discipline

2. To understand about phasor concepts of single phase and three phase circuits and Magnetic circuits. 3. To study transient behavior and Steady state analysis of circuits, network topology and analysis of two-port

networks.

Outcomes: After completion of the course, the student will be able to:

1. Apply circuit analysis techniques in study of other courses like electronic circuits, design of electrical machines

and power systems analysis. 2. To apply the circuit concepts in modeling of any physical system for steady state analysis.

L T P C

4 1 0 4

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS: Circuit Concept – RLC parameters – Voltage and Current sources – Independent and dependent sources - Source transformation – Voltage – Current relationship for passive elements - Kirchhoff’s laws – Network reduction techniques – series, parallel, series parallel, star-to-delta or delta-to-star transformation - Node and Mesh analysis - Concept of super node and super mesh. UNIT II SINGLE PHASE A.C CIRCUITS: R.M.S and Average values – Form factor and Crest factor, Steady state analysis of R, L and C (in series, parallel and series parallel combinations) with sinusoidal excitation – Concept of Reactance, Impedance, Susceptance and Admittance – Phase and Phase difference – concept of power factor, Real and Reactive powers – J-notation, Complex and Polar forms of representation, Complex power. Locus diagrams – series RL, RC and parallel combination with variation of different parameters – Resonance – series, parallel

circuits, concept of bandwidth and Q factor. UNIT III THREE PHASE CIRCUITS: Phase sequence – Star and delta connection – Relation between line and phase voltages and currents in balanced systems – Analysis of balanced 3 phase circuits – Power in 3 phase circuits – Two wattmeter method. UNIT IV MAGNETICALLY COUPLED CIRCUITS: Magnetic Circuits – Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction – Concept of self and mutual inductance – Dot convention – Coefficient of coupling – composite magnetic circuits - Analysis of series and parallel magnetic circuits. UNIT V NETWORK TOPOLOGY: Concept of Graph and Tree, Incidence matrix, cut-set and Tie-set matrices for planar networks – Loop and Nodal methods of analysis of Networks with independent voltage and current sources - Duality & Dual networks. UNIT VI NETWORK THEOREMS: Superposition, Reciprocity, Thevenin’s, Norton’s, Maximum Power Transfer, Millman’s, Tellegen’s, and Compensation theorems for DC and AC excitations.

UNIT VII TRANSIENT ANALYSIS: Transient response of RL, RC, RLC circuits (Series combinations only) for DC and sinusoidal excitations – Initial conditions - Solution using Laplace transform methods. UNIT VIII TWO PORT NETWORK PARAMETERS: Two port network parameters – z, y, transmission and hybrid parameters and their relationships – Conditions for symmetry and Reciprocity - Inter connection of two port networks in series, parallel and cascaded configurations.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. William Hayt and Jack E. Kimmerly: Engineering circuit analysis, 6thedition, Mc Graw Hill

Company. 2. Alexander.C and Sadiku.M, Fundamentals of Electric circuits, 3rd Edition, Mcgraw Hill,

2010. REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Vanvalkenburg M.E., Network Analysis,3rd Edition, PHI. 2. S.Sudhakar, P.S.M.Satyanarayana: Electrical Circuits, TMH Publication.

3. Nahvi and Edminister: Electric circuits, Schaum’s outline series, Tata Mcgraw Hill.


(Autonomous)

L T P C B.Tech- II Year-I Sem ECE 4 1 - 4

12AEC02 PROBABILITY THEORY AND STOCHASTIC PROCESSES

Objectives: 1. To understand the fundamentals of probability.

2. To understand the principles of random variables and random processes. 3. To know stochastic processes phenomena which occur in engineering applications.

Outcomes: After the completion of the course the student will be able to

1. Define probability and interpret probability by modeling sample spaces. 2. Compute probabilities based on practical situations using the binomial, poisson, Rayleigh, exponential, uniform

and normal distributions. 3. Understand Stationary and Ergodic process.

UNIT I PROBABILITY: Probability introduced through Sets and Relative Frequency: Experiments and Sample Spaces, Discrete and Continuous Sample Spaces, Events, Probability Definitions and Axioms, Mathematical Model of Experiments, Probability as a Relative Frequency, Joint Probability, Conditional Probability, Total Probability, Bayes’ Theorem, Independent Events. UNIT II THE RANDOM VARIABLE : Definition of a Random Variable, Conditions for a Function to be a Random Variable, Discrete, Continuous and Mixed Random Variable, Distribution and Density functions and their Properties- Binomial, Poisson, Uniform, Gaussian, Exponential, Rayleigh and Conditional Distribution, Methods of defining Conditioning Event, Conditional Density, Properties.

UNIT III OPERATION ON ONE RANDOM VARIABLE – EXPECTATIONS : Introduction, Expected Value of a Random Variable, Function of a Random Variable, Moments about the Origin, Central Moments, Variance and Skew, Chebychev’s Inequality, Characteristic Function, Moment Generating Function, Transformations of a Random Variable: Monotonic Transformations for a Continuous Random Variable, Nonmonotonic Transformations of Continuous Random Variable, Transformation of a Discrete Random Variable. UNIT IV MULTIPLE RANDOM VARIABLES : Vector Random Variables, Joint Distribution Function, Properties of Joint Distribution, Marginal Distribution Functions, Conditional Distribution and Density – Point Conditioning, Conditional Distribution and Density – Interval conditioning, Statistical Independence, Sum of Two Random Variables, Sum of Several Random Variables, Central Limit Theorem with proof. UNIT V OPERATIONS ON MULTIPLE RANDOM VARIABLES: Expected Value of a Function of Random Variables: Joint Moments about the Origin, Joint Central Moments, Joint Characteristic Functions, Jointly Gaussian Random Variables: Two Random Variables case, N Random Variable case, Properties, Transformations of Multiple Random

Variables, Linear Transformations of Gaussian Random Variables. UNIT VI STOCHASTIC PROCESSES : Concept of Stochastic Process, Classification of Processes, Deterministic and Nondeterministic Processes, Distribution and Density Functions, concept of Stationarity and Statistical Independence, First-Order Stationary Processes, Second- Order and Wide-Sense Stationarity, Nth-Order and Strict-Sense Stationarity. UNIT VII STOCHASTIC PROCESSES – TEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS:

Time Averages and Ergodicity, Mean-Ergodic Processes, Correlation-Ergodic Processes, Autocorrelation Function and its Properties, Cross-Correlation Function and its Properties, Covariance and its Properties, Linear System Response of Mean and Mean-Squared Value, Autocorrelation Function, Cross-Correlation Function, Gaussian Random Processes and Poisson Random Process. UNIT VIII STOCHASTIC PROCESSES – SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS:

Power Spectrum: Properties, Relationship between Power Spectrum and Autocorrelation Function, Cross-Power Density Spectrum, Spectral Characteristics of System Response- Power Density Spectrum of Response, Cross-Power Spectral Density of Input and Output of a Linear System.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Peyton Z. Peebles, Probability, Random Variables & Random Signal Principles, TMH, 4th

Edition, 2008. 2. Athanasius Papoulis and S. Unnikrishna Pillai Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes, Tata McGraw-Hill, 4th Edition, 2002. 3. H. Taub, Donald.L. Schilling, Goutam Saha, Principles of Communication Systems,3rd

Edition,2007,TMH.

REFERENCES:

1. Pradeep Kumar Ghosh, Theory of Probability and Stochastic Processes, University Press.

2. Henry Stark and John W. Woods, Probability and Random Processes with Application to Signal Processing, Pearson Education, 3rd Edition.

3. S.P. Eugene Xavier, Statistical Theory of Communication, New Age Publications, 2003.


L T P C B.Tech- II Year-I Sem ECE 4 1 - 4

12AEC03 SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

Objectives:

1. To Demonstrate and understand the fundamental properties of linear systems. 2. To introduce the different Transform analysis and Convolution to analyze the behavior of linear systems.

3. To use Laplace transforms to solve differential equations, and to determine the response of linear systems to known inputs.


1. Describe the concepts of Fourier series and Fourier Transform. 2. Get familiarized with the behavior of Linear Time Invariant System.

3. Get familiarized with sampling and Reconstruction of Analog Signals, PSD and Z-transforms.

UNIT I

SIGNAL ANALYSIS : Analogy between vectors and signals, Orthogonal signal space,

Signal approximation using orthogonal functions, Mean square error, Closed or complete set of orthogonal functions, Orthogonality in complex functions, Exponential and sinusoidal signals, Concepts of Impulse function, Unit step function, Signum function.

UNIT II FOURIER SERIES REPRESENTATION OF PERIODIC SIGNALS : Representation of Fourier series, Continuous time periodic signals, properties of Fourier series, Dirichlet’s conditions, Trigonometric Fourier series and Exponential Fourier series, Complex Fourier spectrum

UNIT III

FOURIER TRANSFORMS : Deriving Fourier transform from Fourier series, Fourier

transform of arbitrary signal, Fourier transform of standard signals, Fourier transform of periodic signals, properties of Fourier transforms, Fourier transforms involving impulse function and Signum function. Introduction to Hilbert Transform.

UNIT IV SIGNAL TRANSMISSION THROUGH LINEAR SYSTEMS: Linear system, impulse response, Response of a linear system, Linear Time Invariant (LTI) system, Transfer function of a

LTI system. Filter characteristics of linear systems. Distortion less transmission through a system, Signal bandwidth, system bandwidth, Ideal LPF, HPF and BPF characteristics, Causality and Poly-Wiener criterion for physical realization, relationship between bandwidth and rise time.

UNIT V CONVOLUTION AND CORRELATION OF SIGNALS: Concept of convolution in time domain and frequency domain, Graphical representation of convolution, Convolution property of Fourier transforms. Cross correlation and auto correlation of functions, properties of correlation function, Energy density spectrum, Parseval’s theorem, Power density spectrum, Relation between auto correlation function and energy/power spectral density function, Relation between convolution and correlation, Detection of periodic signals in the presence of noise by correlation, Extraction of signal from noise by filtering.

UNIT VI SAMPLING: Sampling theorem – Graphical and analytical proof for Band Limited Signals, impulse sampling, Natural and Flat top Sampling, Reconstruction of signal from its samples, effect of under sampling – Aliasing. UNIT VII

LAPLACE TRANSFORMS :Review of Laplace transforms(L.T), Partial fraction expansion,

Inverse Laplace transform, Concept of region of convergence (ROC) for Laplace transforms, constraints on ROC for various classes of signals, Properties of L.T’s, Relation between L.T’s and F.T. of a signal. Laplace transform of Trapezoidal, Square and Triangular signals using waveform synthesis.

UNIT VIII Z–TRANSFORMS : Fundamental difference between continuous and discrete time signals, discrete time signal representation using complex exponential and sinusoidal components, Periodicity of discrete time using complex exponential signal, Concept of Z- Transform of a discrete sequence. Distinction between Laplace, Fourier and Z transforms, Region of convergence in Z-Transform, constraints on ROC for various classes of signals, Inverse Z-transform, properties of Z-transforms.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. B.P. Lathi, Signals, Systems & Communications, BS Publications, 2009.

2. A.V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky and S.H. Nawab, Signals and Systems, PHI, 2nd Edition. 3. Simon Haykin and Van Veen, Signals & Systems, Wiley, 2nd Edition.

REFERENCES:

1. A. Ramakrishna Rao, Signals and Systems, 2008, TMH.

2. B.P.Lathi, Linear Systems and Signals, 2nd Edition, Oxford University Press, 2008. 3. M.E. Van Valkenburg, Network Analysis, PHI Publications, 3rd Edition, 2000. 4. Michel J. Robert,Fundamentals of Signals and Systems, MGH International Edition, 2008. 5. C. L. Philips, J.M.Parr and Eve A.Riskin, Signals, Systems and Transforms, Pearson Education, 3rd Edition, 2004.



B.Tech- II Year-I Sem ECE 4 1 - 4

12AEC04 ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

Objectives:

1. Get some insight into the design and analysis of basic analog circuits.

2. Learn how to design, analyze and test basic amplifiers and multi-stage amplifiers.

3. Learn about feedback as it applies to amplifiers


1. To perform both large-signal DC circuit analysis and small- signal AC circuit analysis including Hybrid-Pi models.

2. To perform the detailed design and analysis of the amplifiers using BJT and FET. 3. To design oscillators.

UNIT-I: SINGLE STAGE AMPLIFIERS:

Classification of Amplifiers – Distortion in amplifiers, Analysis of CE, CC & CB Configurations with simplified hybrid model, Analysis of CE amplifier with Emitter Resistance and Emitter Follower, Design of single stage RC Coupled Amplifier Using BJT.

UNIT-II: MULTI STAGE AMPLIFIERS: Analysis of Cascaded RC Coupled BJT Amplifiers, Cascade Amplifier, Darlington Pair, Different Coupling Schemes used in Amplifiers – RC Coupled Amplifier, Direct and Transformer Coupled Amplifiers.

UNIT-III: BJT FREQUENCY RESPONSE: Logarithms, Decibels, General Frequency Considerations, Frequency Response of BJT Amplifier, Analysis at Low and High Frequencies, Effect of Coupling and Bypass

Capacitors, The Hybrid – Common Emitter Transistor Model, CE Short Circuit Current

Gain, Current Gain with Resistive Load, Single Stage CE Transistor Amplifier Response, Gain – Bandwidth product, Emitter Follower at Higher Frequencies.

UNIT-IV: FEEDBACK AMPLIFIERS:

Concept of Feedback, Classification of Feedback Amplifiers, General Characteristics of

Negative Feedback Amplifiers, Effect of feedback on Amplifier Characteristics, Voltage Series, Voltage Shunt, Current series and Current Shunt Feedback Configurations.

UNIT-V: OSCILLATORS:

Conditions for oscillations, RC and LC Type Oscillators, Crystal oscillators, Frequency and amplitude stability of oscillators, Generalized Analysis of LC Oscillators, Hartley, Colpitts, RC-Phase Shift, Wien-Bridge and Quartz Oscillators.

UNIT-VI: LARGE SIGNAL AMPLIFIERS:

Class A Power Amplifier, Maximum Value of Efficiency of Class-A Amplifier, Transformer Coupled Class-A Power Amplifier, Class-B Power Amplifier- Push Pull Amplifier, Complimentary Symmetry, Phase Inverters, Transistor Power Dissipation, Class-AB Power Amplifier and Class- C Power Amplifier.

UNIT-VII: TUNED AMPLIFIERS:

Introduction, Q-Factor, Small Signal Tuned Amplifiers, Effect of Cascading Single Tuned Amplifiers on Bandwidth, Effect of Cascading Double Tuned Amplifiers on Bandwidth, Stagger Tuned Amplifiers, Stability of Tuned Amplifiers.

UNIT-VIII: VOLTAGE REGULATORS:

Terminology, Basic Regulator Circuit, Analysis of Shunt and Series Regulator using BJT, Short Circuit Protection, Current Limiting, Specifications of Voltage Regulator Circuits, Voltage Multipliers.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Jacob Millman and Christos C. Halkias, Integrated Electronics, McGraw-Hill, 2008.

2. Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, Electronic Devices and Circuits Theory, 10th

Edition, 2009, PE.

3. David A. Bell, Electronic Devices and Circuits,5th Edition, Oxford University Press,

2008.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Donald A. Neamen, Electronic Circuit Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition, TMH, 2009.

2. Robert T. Paynter, Introductory Electronic Devices and Circuits, 7th Edition, 2009, PEI.

3. Sedra & Smith, Micro Electronic Circuits, 5th Edition, 2009, Oxford University Press.

4. G.K. Mithal, Electronic Devices and Circuits, Khanna Publishers, 2008.


B.Tech- II Year-I Sem ECE L T P C

4 1 0 4

12AHS09 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (Common to ECE, CSE & IT)

Objectives:

1. To create awareness about environmental problems and find the solutions to solve the problems. 2. To motivate the public to participate in the environment protection to free man from all sorts of pollutions.

3. To know global atmospheric changes and inculcate the public to conserve and to use the natural resources judiciously.

Outcomes:

After completion of the course the student will be able to

1. aware of how to conserve the natural resources

2. They will be aware of maintain the ecological balance based on the cultural and biological diversity

3. They will find solutions to solve the different varieties of environmental problems.

UNIT-I Multidisciplinary Nature of Environmental Studies: Definition, Scope and Importance – Need for Public Awareness. UNIT-II

Natural Resources: Renewable and non-renewable resources-Natural resources and associated problems: Forest resources: Use and over-exploitation, deforestation, case studies – Timber extraction, Mining, Dams and other effects on forest and tribal people .Water resources: Use and over utilization of surface and ground water , Floods, Drought, conflicts over water, dams-benefits and problems. Mineral resources: Use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources, case studies. Food resources: World food problems, changes caused by agriculture and overgrazing, effects of modern agriculture, fertilizer-pesticide problems, water logging, salinity, case studies. Energy resources: Renewable and Non-renewable energy resources UNIT-III Ecosystems: Concept of an ecosystem, Structure and function of an ecosystem – Producers, Consumers and decompers – Energy flow in the ecosystem –Ecological Succession – Food

chains, food webs and ecological pyramids – Introduction, types, characteristic features, structure and function of the following ecosystem: a. Forest ecosystem b. Grassland ecosystem c. Desert ecosystem D.Aquatic ecosystem (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries)

UNIT-IV Biodiversity and its Conservation: Introduction, Definition, Types of biodiversity(genetic, species and ecosystem diversity)-Bio-geographical classification of India-Value of biodiversity(Consumptive use, Productive use, Social use, Ethical use, Aesthetic and Option values)-Biodiversity at global, national and local levels-India as a mega diversity nation-Hot spots of biodiversity-Threats to biodiversity(habitat loss, Poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts)-Endangered and endemic species of India-Conservation of biodiversity(In-situ and Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity).

UNIT-V Environmental Pollution: Definition, causes, effects and control measures of: a. Air Pollution b. Water Pollution c. Soil Pollution d. Marine Pollution e. Noise Pollution f. Thermal Pollution g. Nuclear hazards Solid Waste Management: Causes, effects and control measures of urban and industrial wastes-Role of an individual in prevention of pollution-Pollution case studies-Disaster management: Floods, Earthquake, Cyclone and Landslides.

UNIT-VI

Social issues and the Environment: From Unsustainable to sustainable development-Urban problems related to energy-Waste conservation(rainwater harvesting, watershed management)-Resettlement and rehabilitation of people; its problems and concerns, case studies-Environmental ethics: Issues and possible solutions-Climate change, global warming,

acid rain, ozone layer depletion, nuclear accidents and holocaust. Case studies-Wasteland reclamation-Consumerism and waste products-Environment Protection Act-Air(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act-Water (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act-Wildlife Protection Act-Forest Conservation Act-Issues involved in enforcement of environmental legislation-Public awareness.

UNIT-VII

Human Population and the Environment: Population growth, variation among nation, Population explosion-Family Welfare Programme-Environment and human health-Human Rights-Value Education-HIV/AIDS-Women and Child Welfare-Role of Information Technology in Environment and human health-Case studies.

UNIT-VIII

Field Work: Visit to a local area to document environmental assets River/forest/grassland/hill/mountain-Visit to a local polluted site-Urban/rural Industrial/ Agricultural Study of common plants, insects, birds-river, hillslopes etc.

Text books:

1. Dr. K. Mukkanti, Environmental Studies A Text book for undergraduates by S.Chand &

Company LTD

1. Erach Bharucha, Textbook of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate courses by from

UGC.

2. Benny Joseph, Environmental Studies by McGraw-Hill Publications.

References:

1. J.P.Sharma, Comprehensive Environmental Studies by, Laxmi Publications.

2. Dr. Suresh, K. Dhameja, Environmental Studies by KATSON Books.



B.Tech- II Year-I Sem ECE - - 3 2

12AEC05 ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS LAB

Note: Minimum 10 Experiments are to be conducted

1. Forward and Reverse Bias Characteristics of PN Junction Diode.

2. Forward and Reverse Bias Characteristics of Zener Diode.

3. Half Wave Rectifier with and without Filters.

4. Full Wave Rectifier with and without Filters.

5. Input and Output Characteristics of Transistor in CB Configuration.

6. Input and Output Characteristics of Transistor in CE Configuration.

7. FET Characteristics

8. Frequency response of CE Amplifier.

9. Frequency response of CC Amplifier.

10. Frequency response of Common Source JFET Amplifier.

11. UJT Characteristics.

12. SCR Characteristics.



B.Tech- II Year-I Sem ECE - - 3 2

12AEC06 SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS SIMULATION LAB

Note: Minimum 14 Experiments are to be done using MATLAB

1. Basic operations on Matrices

2. Generation of Various signals and Sequences (Periodic and Aperiodic), Such as Unit

Impulse, Unit Step, Square, Saw Tooth, Triangular, Sinusoidal, Ramp, sinc function.

3. Operations on Signals and Sequences such as Addition, Multiplication, Scaling, Shifting,

Folding, Computation of Energy and Average power.

4. Finding the Even and Odd parts of Signal or Sequence and Real and Imaginary parts of

Signal.

5. Convolution between Signals and Sequences.

6. Autocorrelation and Cross correlation between Signals and Sequences.

7. Verification of Linearity and Time Invariance properties of a Given Continuous / Discrete

System.

8. Computation of Unit Sample, Unit Step and Sinusoidal Responses of the given LTI system

and verifying its Physical Realizability and Stability properties.

9. Gibbs phenomenon.

10. Finding the Fourier Transform of a given Signal and plotting its Magnitude and phase

Spectrum.

11. Waveform Synthesis using Laplace Transform.

12. Locating Zeros and poles, and plotting the Pole-Zero maps in S-Plane and Z-Plane for the

given Transfer Functions.

13. Generation of Gaussian Noise (Real and Complex), Computation of its Mean, M.S. Values

and its Skew, Kurtosis, and PSD, Probability Distribution Function.

14. Sampling Theorem Verification.

15. Removal of Noise by Auto Correlation / Cross correlation in a given signal corrupted by

noise.

16. Impulse response of a raised cosine filter.


II B.Tech – II Semester L T P C 4 1 0 4

12AHS10 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS-III

(Common to EEE and ECE)

Objectives: 1. To understand the concepts of complex numbers, residual theorems.

2. To introduce the special functions like β , γ functions

3. To apply the above concepts to engineering applications.

Outcomes: The student is able to

1. represent a function as a series of sine and cosine terms of different frequencies and understand the

periodic phenomenon.

2. appreciate the usage of above concepts to engineering applications.

UNIT-I

SPECIAL FUNCTIONS: Gamma and Beta Functions - their properties - Evaluation of Improper integrals - Bessel and Legendre’s functions - properties-Rodrigue formula – Recurrence relation - Orthogonality.

UNIT-II

FUNCTIONS OF COMPLEX VARIABLE: Continuity – Differentiability – Analyticity – properties - Cauchy Riemann equations in Cartesian and polar coordinates - Harmonic conjugate harmonic functions - Milne Thompson method.

UNIT-III

ELEMENTARY FUNCTIONS: Elmentary functions and their properties - ez ,sinz ,Cosz,logz and Coshz.

UNIT-IV

COMPLEX INTEGRATION: Line integral - Cauchy’s integral theorem - Cauchy’s integral formula

– General integral formula.

UNIT- V

COMPLEX POWER SERIES: Expansion in Taylor’s series, Maclaurin’s series and Laurent’s series Singular point - isolated singular point-pole of order m - Essential singularity.

UNIT-VI

Residues - Residue theorem-Evaluation of integrals of the type

(a) improper real integrals ∫ f(x) dx in [-∞,∞]

(b) ∫ f(cos θ , sinθ ) d θ in [c,c+2Π]

(c) ∫ eimx f(x) dx in [-∞,∞]

UNIT-VII

Argument Principle – Rouche’s theorem – Determination of number of zeros of complex

polynomials - maximum Modulus principle - Fundamental theorem of algebra ,Liouville’s

theorem.

UNIT-VIII

CONFORMAL MAPPING: Conformal mapping of functions eZ , lnz ,z2 , sinz, cosz. – Translation –

rotation - magnification and inversion - Bilinear transformation - Determination of bilinear

transformation mapping three given points.

Text Books:

1. Iyengar T.K.V, Krishna Gandhi .B and others ,A Text Book of Engineering mathematics, Vol-III ,New Delhi, S.Chand & company,2012.

2. Sankaraiah.C,A Text Book of Engineering Mathematics, Vijayawada, V.G.S Book Links,2010.

3. Rukmangadachari.E., Kesava reddy.E. A Text Book of Engineering Mathematics –III, Pearson Education

References:

1. Ramana .B.V.,A Text Book of Engineering Mathematics, New Delhi,,Tata Mc Graw Hill.2007.

2. Grewal B.S, Higher Engineering Mathematics,New Delhi, Khanna publication,2004. 3. Churchile and Brown, Complex Variables .



B.Tech- II Year-II Sem ECE 4 1 - 4

12AHS11 MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

(Common to ECE, CSE & IT)

Objectives: 1. This course equip the students to develop economic way of thinking in dealing with practical business

problems and challenges 2. Also enable the students by providing the basic knowledge of book keeping, accounting and make analysis

of financial statements of a business organization.

Outcomes: After the completion of the course the student will be able to

1. Get Good knowledge of Managerial Economics.

2. Know the applications of Financial Accounting in the field of Engineering.

UNIT I: Introduction to Managerial Economics Definition, nature and scope of managerial economics- relation with other disciplines- Demand Analysis: Demand Determinants, Law of Demand and its exceptions. UNIT II: Elasticity of Demand Definition, Types, Measurement and Significance of Elasticity of Demand. Demand forecasting, factors governing demand forecasting, purposes of demand forecasting, methods of demand forecasting(Survey methods, Statistical methods, Expert opinion method, Test marketing, Controlled experiments, Judgmental approach to Demand Forecasting).

UNIT III: Theory of Production and Cost analysis Production Function – Isoquants and Isocosts, MRTS, least cost combination of inputs, Cobb-Douglas production function, laws of returns, internal and external economies of scale. Cost Analysis: Cost concepts, opportunity cost, fixed Vs variable costs, explicit costs Vs Implicit costs, out of pocket costs Vs Imputed costs. Break-Even Analysis (BEA) - Determination of Break Even Point (Simple Problems)- Managerial significance and limitations of BEA. UNIT IV: Introduction to markets and Pricing Policies Market structures: Types of competition, features of perfect competition, monopoly- monopolistic competition. Price-Output determination under perfect competition and monopoly - Methods of Pricing-cost plus pricing, marginal cost, limit pricing, skimming pricing, bundling pricing, sealed bid pricing and peak load pricing.

UNIT V: Business Organizations and New Economic Environment Characteristic features of business, features and evaluation of sole proprietorship, partnership, Joint Stock Company, public enterprises and their types, changing business environment in post-liberalization scenario. UNIT VI: Capital and Capital Budgeting Capital and its significance, types of capital, estimation of fixed and working capital requirements, methods and sources of raising finance. Nature and scope of capital budgeting, features of capital budgeting proposal, methods of capital budgeting – Payback Period, Accounting Rate of Return(ARR), Net Present value(NPV), Internal Rate of Return(IRR) and Profitability Index (PI) Methods (Simple problems).

UNIT VII: Introduction to Financial Accounting Double-Entry Book Keeping, Journal, Ledger, Trial Balance- Final Accounts (Trading Account, Profit and Loss Account and Balance Sheet with simple adjustments).

UNIT VIII: Financial Analysis through Ratios

Computation, Analysis and Interpretation of financial statements through Liquidity Ratios (Current and Quick ratio), Activity ratios (Inventory Turnover Ratio and Debtor Turnover Ratio), Capital Structure Ratios (Debt- Equity Ratio, Interest Coverage Ratio) and Profitability ratios (Gross Profit Ratio, Net Profit Ratio, Operating Ratio, P/E Ratios and EPS).

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Aryasri, Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis, 4/e, TMH, 2009. 2. Varshney & Maheswari, Managerial Economics, Sultan Chand, 2009.

REFERENCES:

1. Premchand Babu, Madan Mohan, Financial Accounting and Analysis, Himalaya, 2009 2. Siddiqui.S.A and Siddiqui.A.S, Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis, New Age

International,. 2009. 3. Joseph G. Nellis and David Parker, Principles of Business Economics, Pearson, 2/e, New

Delhi. 4. Domnick Salvatore: Managerial Economics in a Global Economy, Cengage, 2009. 5. Ahuja.H.L: Managerial Economics, S.Chand, 3/e, 2009. 6. Dr.M.A.Arulanandam & Dr.K.S.Raman, Financial Accounting, Himalaya Publishing House.


L T P C B.Tech- II Year-II Sem ECE 4 1 - 4

12AEC11 PULSE AND DIGITAL CIRCUITS

Objectives: 1. Understand the responses of given input signal when applied to RC circuits.

2. Illustrate and design various clipping and clamping circuits using diodes and multivibrators using transistors. 3. Characterize types of errors and design voltage and current time base generators and blocking oscillators.

Outcomes: After the completion of the course, the student will be able to:

1. Design Wave Shaping Circuits.

2. Design and Analyze Multivibrator Circuits for different applications.

3. Design of Time-base Generators and Regulated Power Supplies.

UNIT I LINEAR WAVE SHAPING: High pass, low pass RC circuits, their response for sinusoidal, step, pulse, square and ramp inputs. RC network as differentiator and integrator, attenuators, its applications in CRO probe, RL and RLC circuits and their response for step input, Ringing circuit. UNIT II NON-LINEAR WAVE SHAPING : Diode clippers, Transistor clippers, clipping at two independent levels, Transfer characteristics of clippers, Emitter coupled clipper, Comparators, applications of voltage comparators, clamping operation, clamping circuits using diode with different inputs, Clamping circuit theorem, practical clamping circuits, Effect of diode characteristics on clamping voltage, Transfer characteristics of clampers.

UNIT III SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OF DEVICES : Diode as a switch, piecewise linear diode characteristics, Transistor as a switch, Break down voltage consideration of transistor, saturation parameters of Transistor and their variation with temperature, Design of Transistor Switch, Transistor-Switching times. UNIT IV MULTIVIBRATORS: Analysis and Design of Bistable, Monostable, Astable Multivibrators and Schmitt trigger using transistors. UNIT V TIME BASE GENERATORS : General features of a time base signal, methods of generating time base waveform, Miller and Bootstrap time base generators – basic principles, Transistor miller time base generator, Transistor Bootstrap time base generator, Current time base generators. UNIT VI SYNCHRONIZATION AND FREQUENCY DIVISION: Principles of Synchronization, Frequency division in sweep circuit, Astable relaxation circuits, Monostable relaxation circuits, Synchronization of a sweep circuit with symmetrical signals, Sine wave

frequency division with a sweep circuit. UNIT VII SAMPLING GATES: Basic operating principles of sampling gates, Unidirectional and Bi-directional sampling gates, Reduction of pedestal in gate circuits, Applications of sampling gates. UNIT VIII REALIZATION OF LOGIC GATES USING DIODES & TRANSISTORS: AND, OR gates using Diodes, Resistor, Transistor Logic, Diode Transistor Logic.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. J. Millman and H. Taub, Pulse, Digital and Switching Waveforms, McGraw-Hill, 2008. 2. David A. Bell, Solid State Pulse circuits, PHI, 4th Edition, 2002.

REFERENCES:

1. A. Anand Kumar, Pulse and Digital Circuits, 2nd Edition, PHI, 2011. 2. L. Strauss, Wave Generation and Shaping, 2nd Edition,1990. 3. R.Venkataraman, Pulse, Digital Circuits and Computer Fundamentals, Dhanpat Rai Publications, Delhi, 2004.



12AEC12 SWITCHING THEORY AND LOGIC DESIGN

(Common to ECE & EEE)

Objectives:

1. To introduce basic postulates of Boolean algebra and show the correlation between Boolean expressions. 2. To outline the formal procedures for the analysis and design of combinational circuits and sequential circuits.

3. To illustrate the concept of synchronous and asynchronous sequential circuits.


1. Design and Analyze combinational and sequential circuits for various practical problems using basic gates and

flip flops.

2. Implement LSI and MSI circuits using programmable logic devices (PLDs).

3. Demonstrate knowledge of hazards and race conditions generated within asynchronous circuits.

UNIT I NUMBER SYSTEMS & CODES: Philosophy of number systems, Complement representation of negative numbers, Binary Arithmetic, Binary Codes-Error Detecting & Error Correcting Codes and Hamming Codes.

UNIT II BOOLEAN ALGEBRA AND SWITCHING FUNCTIONS: Fundamental postulates of Boolean Algebra, Basic Theorems and Properties, Switching Functions–Canonical and Standard forms, Algebraic Simplification, Digital Logic Gates, Properties of XOR gates , Universal gates-Multilevel NAND/NOR realizations.

UNIT III MINIMIZATION OF SWITCHING FUNCTIONS: Map method, Prime Implicants, Don’t care combinations, Minimal SOP and POS forms, Tabular Method, Prime –Implicant Chart, simplification rules.

UNIT IV COMBINATIONAL LOGIC DESIGN

Design using conventional logic gates, Encoder, Decoder, Multiplexer, De-Multiplexer, Modular design using IC chips, MUX Realization of switching functions, Parity bit generator, Code-converters, Hazards and Hazard free realizations.

UNIT V PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC DEVICES, THRESHOLD LOGIC: Basic PLD’s-ROM, PROM, PLA,

and PLD Realization of Switching functions using PLD’s. Capabilities and Limitations of Threshold gate, Synthesis of Threshold functions and Multigate Synthesis. UNIT VI SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS - I: Classification of Sequential circuits (Synchronous, Asynchronous, Pulse mode, Level mode with examples), Basic flip-flops-Triggering and Excitation Tables, Shift Registers, Steps in Synchronous Sequential circuit design, Design

of modulo-N Counters, Ring & Johnson counters, Serial binary adder and Sequence Detector. UNIT VII SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS - II: Finite State Machine-Capabilities and Limitations, Mealy and Moore models, Minimization of completely specified and incompletely specified

sequential machines-Partition techniques and Merger chart methods, Concept of Minimal cover table.

UNIT VIII ALGORITHMIC STATE MACHINES : Salient features of the ASM chart-Simple examples-System design using data path and control subsystems, control implementations-examples of Weighing machine and Binary multiplier.

TEXTBOOKS:

1. Zvi Kohavi, Switching & Finite Automata Theory, TMH, 2nd Edition, 2008.

2. Morris Mano, Digital Design, PHI, 3rd Edition, 2006.

3. Bhanu Bhaskara, Switching Theory & Logic Design, 1st Edition, MGH, 2012.

REFERENCES:

1. Fletcher, An Engineering Approach to Digital Design, PHI. 2. Charles H. Roth, Fundamentals of Logic Design, Thomson Publications, 5th Edition, 2004.

3. John M. Yarbrough, Digital Logic Applications and Design, Thomson Publications, 2006.



12AEC13 ELECTROMAGNETICS AND TRANSMISSION LINES

Objectives: 1. To understand the behavior of electric and magnetic fields in different media viz. conductors and insulators etc.

2. To know about the nature of wave propagation in different media. 3. To study the behavior of transmission lines and analyse transmission line problems.

Outcomes: The students will be able to

1. Apply EM field concepts with in the design and construction of electrical equipment. 2. Apply the wave propagation theories in the analysis and design of communication systems.

3. Design and construct Transmission Lines.

Review of Coordinate Systems, Vector Calculus:

UNIT I ELECTROSTATICS-I:

Coulomb’s Law, Electric Field Intensity – Fields due to Different Charge Distributions, Electric Flux Density, Gauss Law and Applications, Electric Potential, Relations Between E and V, Maxwell’s Equations for Electrostatic Fields, Energy Density. UNIT II ELECTROSTATICS-II:

Convection and Conduction Currents, Dielectric Constant, Isotropic and Homogeneous Dielectrics, Continuity Equation, Relaxation Time, Poisson’s and Laplace’s Equations; Capacitance – Parallel Plate, Coaxial, Spherical Capacitors.

UNIT III MAGNETOSTATICS : Biot-Savart Law, Ampere’s Circuital Law and Applications, Magnetic Flux Density, Maxwell’s Equations for Magnetostatic Fields, Magnetic Scalar and Vector Potentials, Forces due to Magnetic Fields, Ampere’s Force Law, Inductances and Magnetic Energy. UNIT IV MAXWELL’S EQUATIONS (TIME VARYING FIELDS):

Faraday’s Law and Transformer emf, Inconsistency of Ampere’s Law and Displacement Current Density, Maxwell’s Equations in Differential and Integral Forms and Word Statements. Conditions at a Boundary Surface: Dielectric-Dielectric and Dielectric-Conductor Interfaces. UNIT V EM WAVE CHARACTERISTICS - I:

Wave Equations for Conducting and Perfect Dielectric Media, Uniform Plane Waves – Definition, All Relations Between E & H, Sinusoidal Variations, Wave Propagtion in Lossless and Conducting Media, Conductors & Dielectrics – Characterization, Wave Propagation in Good Conductors and Good Dielectrics, Polarization. UNIT VI EM WAVE CHARACTERISTICS – II:

Reflection and Refraction of Plane Waves – Normal and Oblique Incidences for both Perfect Conductor and Perfect Dielectrics, Brewster Angle, Critical Angle and Total Internal Reflection, Surface Impedance, Poynting Vector and Poynting Theorem – Applications, Power Loss in a Plane Conductor.

UNIT VII TRANSMISSION LINES - I:

Types, Parameters, Transmission Line Equations, Primary & Secondary Constants, Expressions for Characteristic Impedance, Propagation Constant, Phase and Group Velocities, Infinite Line Concepts, Lossless / Low Loss Characterization, Distortion – Condition for Distortionless and Minimum Attenuation, Loading - Types of Loading.

UNIT VIII TRANSMISSION LINES – II:

Input Impedance Relations, SC and OC Lines, Reflection Coefficient, VSWR, UHF Lines as Circuit Elements; /4, /2, /8 Lines – Impedance Transformations, Significance of Zmin

and Zmax , Smith Chart – Configuration and Applications, Single and Double Stub Matching.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Matthew N.O. Sadiku, Elements of Electromagnetics, Oxford University Press, 4th edition,

2009.

2. William H. Hayt Jr. and John A. Buck, Engineering Electromagnetics, TMH, 8th edition, 2009.

REFERENCES:

1. Nathan Ida, Engineering Electromagnetics, Springer (India) Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2nd

edition, 2005. 2. E.C. Jordan and K.G. Balmain, Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems –PHI, 2nd Edition, 2000.

3. Joseph Edminester, Schaum’s outline of Electromagnetics- McGraw Hill, 2nd Edition. 4. F.T.Ulaby, Fundamentals of Applied Electromagnetics, Prentice Hall, 6th Edition.

Sri Venkateswara College Of Engineering and Technology

(Autonomous)

II B.Tech –II Semester ECE

12AEE14 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY

Objectives: 1. To know the fundamentals and operating principles of D.C Generators, Motors, Transformers, Induction Motors

and Alternator.

2. To understand the performance and characteristics of Transformers and Induction Motors. 3. To know the basic principles of 1Ф Induction Motor and Measuring Instruments.

Outcomes: After completion of the course the student will be able to:

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1. Acquire the knowledge of construction operations and applications of different types of electrical machines.

2. Have knowledge of instruments for measuring basic electrical quantities. UNIT I DC MACHINES: Construction details, Principle of operation of DC Machines - EMF equation – Types of generators – Magnetization and load characteristics of DC generators

UNIT II D.C. MOTORS: DC Motors – Types of DC Motors – Characteristics of DC motors – Three point starters for DC shunt motor – Losses and efficiency – Swinburne’s test – Speed control of DC shunt motor – Flux and Armature voltage control methods. UNIT III TRANSFORMERS: Constructional features - types - Principle of operation of single phase

transformer - Phasor diagram on No-Load and Load – Equivalent circuit UNIT IV PERFORMANCE OF TRANSFORMERS: Losses and Efficiency of transformer and Regulation – OC and SC tests – Predetermination of efficiency and regulation (Simple Problems). UNIT V

THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR: Principle of operation of three phase induction motors – Slip ring and Squirrel cage motors – Slip-Torque characteristics – Efficiency calculation – Starting methods. UNIT VI ALTERNATORS: Alternators – Constructional features – Principle of operation – Types - EMF Equation – Distribution and Coil span factors – Predetermination of regulation by

Synchronous Impedance Method – OC and SC tests. UNIT VII SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTORS: Principle of operation - Shaded pole motors – Capacitor motors, AC servomotor, AC tachometers, Synchros, Stepper Motors – Characteristics.

UNIT VIII ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTS: Basic Principles of indicating instruments – Moving Coil and Moving iron Instruments (Ammeters and Voltmeters)-Wattmeter and Energy meter

TEXT BOOKS:

1. M.S Naidu and S. Kamakshaiah, Introduction to Electrical Engineering, TMH Publication. 2. T.K. Nagasarkar and M.S.Sukhija, Basic Electrical Engineering, Oxford University Press,

2005. REFERENCES:

1. V.K Mehta: Principles of Electrical Engineering, S.Chand Publications. 2. I.J. Nagarath and D.P Kothari: Theory and Problems of Basic Electrical Engineering,

PHI Publications. 3. Hughes , Electrical and Electronic Technology, Pearson Publications.



B.Tech- II Year-II Sem ECE - - 3 2

12AEC14 ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS LAB

Note: Minimum 12 Experiments are to be done

The following experiments are to be done using any Simulation Software.

(Minimum 6 Experiments)

1. Common Emitter Amplifier.

2. Common Source Amplifier.

3. Two Stage RC Coupled Amplifier.

4. Current Shunt and Voltage Series Feedback Amplifier.

5. Wien Bridge Oscillator using Transistors.

6. RC Phase Shift Oscillator using Transistor.

7. Class-A Power Amplifier (Transformerless).

8. Class-B Complementary Symmetry Power Amplifier.

9. High Frequency Common Base/ Common Gate Amplifier.

Testing in the Hardware Laboratory (6 Experiments)

Any Three Circuits simulated in Simulation Laboratory

Any Three of the following

1. Class-A Power Amplifier (with Transformer Load).

2. Class-C Power Amplifier.

3. Single Tuned Voltage Amplifier.

4. Hartley & Colpitt’s Oscillator.

5. Darlington Pair.

6. MOSFET Amplifier.


II B.Tech –II Semester ECE

12AEE15 ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY LAB

PART-A:

The following experiments are required to be conducted as compulsory experiments:

1. Verification of Superposition and Reciprocity theorems.

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2. Verification of maximum power transfer theorem. Verification on DC, verification on AC

with Resistive and Reactive loads.

3. Experimental determination of Thevenin’s and Norton’s equivalent circuits

4. Magnetization characteristics of D.C. Shunt generator. Determination of critical field

resistance.

5. Swinburne’s Test on DC shunt machine and Predetermination of efficiency as motor and

generator.

6. Brake test on DC shunt motor. Determination of performance characteristics.

7. OC & SC tests on Single-phase transformer (Predetermination of efficiency and regulation

at given power factors and determination of equivalent circuit).

PART-B:

Any three of the following experiments are required to be conducted:

1. Series and Parallel Resonance – Resonant frequency, Bandwidth and Q-factor

determination for RLC network.

2. Time response of first order RC/RL network for periodic non-sinusoidal inputs – time

constant and steady state error determination.

3. Two port network parameters – z-y and ABCD Parameters and analytical verification.

4. Brake test on 3-phase Induction motor (performance characteristics).

5. Regulation of alternator by synchronous impedance method.


L T P C III B.Tech - I Semester ECE 4 1 - 4

12AEC18 ANALOG COMMUNICATION

Objectives: 1. To understand the basics of analog communication systems. 2. To understand the Various Modulation and Demodulation techniques and the effects of noise.

Outcomes: The Students will be able to

1. Analyse various Amplitude modulation and demodulation systems. 2. Analyse various Angle modulation and demodulation systems.

3. Understand Basics of Noise theory and performance of various receivers.

UNIT I: INTRODUCTION:

Elements of communication Systems - information, Messages and Signals, Fundamental Limitations of communication Systems, Modulation & Coding, Modulation Benefits and Applications, Overview of Coding Methods and Benefits. UNIT II: LINEAR CONTINUOUS WAVE (CW) MODULATION - I:

Band Pass Signals and Systems – Analog Message Conventions, Band Pass Signals, Band Pass Transmission, Bandwidth, Double Side Band Amplitude Modulation – AM Signals and Spectra, DSB Signals and Spectra, Tone Modulation and Phasor Analysis, Modulators and Transmitters – Product Modulators, Square Law Modulators , Balanced Modulators

and Switching Modulators. UNIT III: LINEAR CONTINUOUS WAVE (CW) MODULATION – II: Suppressed Side Band Amplitude Modulation - Single Side Band Signals and Spectra, Single Side Band Generation, Vestigial Side Band Signals and Spectra, Frequency Conversion and Demodulation –Frequency Conversion, Synchronous Detection, Envelope Detection. UNIT IV: ANGLE CONTINUOUS WAVE (CW) MODULATION - I:

Phase and Frequency Modulation – PM and FM Signals, Narrow Band PM and FM, Tone Modulation, Multi Tone and Periodic Modulation, Transmission Bandwidth and Distortion – Transmission Estimates, Linear Distortion, Non-Linear Distortion and Limiters.

UNIT V: ANGLE CONTINUOUS WAVE (CW) MODULATION – II: Generation and Detection of PM and FM – Direct FM and VCOs, Phase Modulators and Indirect FM, Triangular wave FM, Frequency Detection, Pre-Emphasis and De-Emphasis Filtering, FM Capture Effect. UNIT VI: ANALOG COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS: Receivers for CW Modulation – Super Heterodyne receivers, direct conversion receiver, special purpose receivers, Receiver Specifications, Receiver Measurements, Multiplexing Systems, synchronous detection and frequency synthesizers using Phase Locked Loop (PLL), Linearized PLL FM detection. UNIT VII: NOISE: Thermal Noise & Available Power, White noise and filtered noise, Noise equivalent bandwidth, base band signal Transmission with noise- Additive Noise & S/N, Analog

Signal Transmission, Noise in Analog Modulation Systems- Band Pass Noise System Models, Quadrature Components, envelope phase, Correlation Functions, Linear CW Modulation with Noise – Synchronous Detection, Envelope Detection, and Threshold Effect, Angle CW with Noise, Post detection Noise, Destination S/N, FM Threshold Effect, Analog Pulse modulation with Noise.

UNIT VIII: PULSE MODULATION TECHNIQUES:

Pulse amplitude modulation – Flat top sampling and Pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), Pulse-Time Modulation – Pulse Duration and Pulse Position modulations, PPM spectral analysis. TEXT BOOKS:

1. A. Bruce Carlson, & Paul B. Crilly, “Communication Systems – An Introduction to Signals & Noise in Electrical Communication”, McGraw-Hill International Edition, 5th Edition, 2010.

2. Sam Shanmugam, “Digital and Analog Communication Systems”, Wiley-India edition, 2006.

REFERENCES:

1. Simon Haykin, “Communication Systems”, Wiley-India edition, 3rd edition, 2010. 2. B.P. Lathi, & Zhi Ding, “Modern Digital & Analog Communication Systems”,

Oxford University Press, International 4th edition, 2010. 3. Herbert Taub & Donald L Schilling, “Principles of Communication Systems”, Tata

McGraw-Hill, 3rd Edition, 2009. 4. George Kennedy and Bernard Davis, “Electronics & Communication System”, TMH, 2004.


L T P C

III B.Tech - I Semester ECE 4 1 - 4

12AEC19 LINEAR IC APPLICATIONS Objectives: To enable the students

1. To understand the fundamentals of Integrated Circuits. 2. To design Electronic Circuits using ICs.

Outcomes: The student will 1. Understand the basics of Linear Integrated Circuits and Operational Amplifiers and their Applications.

2. Understand the Analog to Digital Converters (ADC) and Digital to Analog converters (DAC) and their applications.

3. Gain knowledge in designing a Stable Voltage Regulator and understand the applications of PLL and special ICs.

UNIT-I INTEGRATED CIRCUITS:

Differential amplifier–DC and AC analysis of Dual Input Balanced Output configuration, Properties of other Differential Amplifier configuration (Dual Input Unbalanced Output, Single Ended Input-Balanced/Unbalanced Output), DC coupling and Cascaded Differential Amplifier stages and Level Translator. UNIT-II OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS: Characteristics of OP-Amps, Integrated Circuits-Types, Classification, Package Types and Temperature Ranges, Power Supplies, OP-Amp Block diagram, Ideal and Practical OP-Amp specifications, DC and AC characteristics, 741 OP-Amp and its features, FET Input OP-Amps, OP-Amp Parameters and Measurement, Input and Output Offset Voltages and currents, Slew Rate, CMRR, PSRR and Drift, Frequency Compensation Technique.

UNIT-III LINEAR APPLICATIONS OF OP-AMPS:

Inverting and Non-Inverting Amplifier, Difference Amplifier, Integrator and Differentiator, Instrumentation Amplifier, AC amplifier, V-I, I-V converters and Buffers. UNIT-IV NON LINEAR APPLICATIONS OF OP-AMPS:

Non-linear function generation, Comparators, Multivibrators, Triangular and Square wave generators, Log and Antilog amplifiers, Precision Rectifiers. UNIT-V ANALOG FILTERS:

Introduction, Butterworth LPF and HPF (First Order and Second Order), Band Pass, Band Reject and All Pass filters.

UNIT-VI TIMERS AND PHASE LOCKED LOOPS:

Introduction to 555 Timer, Functional diagram, Monostable and Astable operations and its Applications, VCO-Principle and Description of individual blocks, PLL-Introduction, Block schematic, Principles and Description of individual blocks, Applications of PLL-Frequency Multiplication, Frequency Translation, AM, FM and FSK Demodulators.

UNIT–VII D/A AND A/D CONVERTERS:

Sample and Hold Circuit, Need for Converters, DAC and ADC specifications, Basic DAC Techniques- Weighted Resistor DAC, R-2R Ladder DAC, Inverted R-2R DAC and IC 1408 DAC, Different types of ADCs-Parallel Comparator type ADC, Counter type ADC, Successive Approximation ADC and Dual Slope ADC.

UNIT-VIII IC VOLTAGE AND SWITCHING REGULATORS

Voltage Regulators-Need for Regulation, Linear Regulators, Monolithic IC Regulators (78xx, 79xx, LM 317, LM 337,723), Switching Regulators, UPS and SMPS. TEXT BOOKS:

1. Ramakanth A. Gayakwad, Op-Amps & Linear ICs, 4th edition, PHI, 2010. 2. R.F.Coughlin & Fredrick Driscoll, Operational Amplifiers & Linear Integrated Circuits, 6th

Edition, PHI, 2009. 3. D. Roy Chowdhury, Linear Integrated Circuits, New Age International (p) Ltd, 3rd Edition, 2010.

REFERENCES:

1. David A. Bell, Operational Amplifiers & Linear ICs, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, 2010. 2. Sergio Franco, Design with Operational Amplifiers & Analog Integrated Circuits, 3rd

Edition, McGraw Hill, 2008.


L T P C

III B.Tech - I Semester ECE 4 1 - 4

12AEC20 DIGITAL IC APPLICATIONS

Objectives: 1. Define a hardware design utilizing the three basic VHDL modeling styles: Data flow, Structural and

Behavioral. 2. Design a Combinational Logic Circuit and Sequential Logic Circuit utilizing VHDL.

Outcomes:

1. The student will understand the basics of VHDL and design digital systems using a hardware description

Language, VHDL.

UNIT I CMOS LOGIC:

Introduction to logic families, CMOS logic, CMOS Steady State Electrical Behavior, CMOS Dynamic Electrical Behavior and CMOS logic families. UNIT II BIPOLAR LOGIC AND INTERFACING:

Bipolar logic - TTL families, CMOS/TTL Interfacing, Low Voltage CMOS logic and Interfacing, Emitter Coupled Logic, Comparison of logic families, Familiarity with standard 74XX and CMOS 40XX series-ICs and its Specifications. UNIT III THE VHDL HARDWARE DESCRIPTION LANGUAGE:

Design Flow, Program Structure, Types and Constants, Functions and Procedures, Libraries and Packages.

UNIT IV THE VHDL DESIGN ELEMENTS:

Structural Design Elements, Data Flow Design Elements, Behavioral Design Elements, Time Dimension, Simulation and Synthesis. UNIT V COMBINATIONAL LOGIC DESIGN-I:

Decoders, Encoders, Three State Devices, Multiplexers and Demultiplexers, Code Converters, EX-OR gates and Parity Circuits, Comparators, Adders & Subtractors, ALUs and VHDL models for the above ICs. UNIT VI COMBINATIONAL LOGIC DESIGN-II:

Combinational Multipliers, Barrel Shifter, Floating-Point Encoder and Dual Parity Encoder. UNIT VII SEQUENTIAL LOGIC DESIGN:

Latches and Flip-flops, PLDs, Counters, Shift Registers and their VHDL models, Synchronous Design Methodology and Impediments to Synchronous Design.

UNIT VIII MEMORIES:

ROMs: Internal structure, 2D-decoding commercial types, Timing and Applications. Static RAM: Internal structure, SRAM timing, Standard SRAMS, Synchronous SRAMS. Dynamic RAM: Internal structure, Timing and Synchronous DRAMs.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. John F. Wakerly , Digital Design Principles & Practices, PHI/ Pearson Education Asia, 4th Edition, 2009. 2. J. Bhasker , A VHDL Primer, Pearson Education, 3rd Edition,2009.

REFERENCES:

1. Charles H. Roth Jr., Digital System Design Using VHDL, PWS Publications, 2nd edition,

2008. 2. Stephen Brown and Zvonko Vranesic, Fundamentals of Digital Logic with VHDL Design, McGraw Hill, 2nd Edition, 2008.


L T P C III B.Tech - I Semester ECE 4 1 - 4

12AEC21 ANTENNA AND WAVE PROPAGATION

Objectives: 1. To expose the students to the basics of antennas.

2. To expose the students to various types of antenna arrays and their radiation patterns. 3. To understand the applications of different antenna types and their characteristics.

Outcomes: After the completion of the course, the student will be able to understand

1. Various antennas, arrays and radiation patterns of antennas. 2. Various techniques involved in various antenna parameter measurements.

3. The propagation of radio waves in the atmosphere.

UNIT I ANTENNA BASICS:

Introduction, Basic antenna parameters- patterns, Beam Area, Radiation Intensity, Beam Efficiency, Directivity-Gain-Resolution, Antenna Apertures, Effective height, Illustrative problems. Fields from oscillating dipole, Field Zones, Shape-Impedance considerations, Antenna temperature, front–to-back ratio, antenna theorems, retarded potential-Helmholtz Theorem. UNIT II THIN LINEAR WIRE ANTENNAS:

Radiation from Small Electric Dipole, Quarter wave Monopole and Half wave Dipole – Current Distributions, Field Components, Radiated power, Radiation Resistance, Beam width, Directivity, Effective Area and Effective Height. Loop Antennas: Introduction, Small Loop, Comparison of far fields of small loop and short dipole, Radiation Resistances and Directives of small and large loops (Qualitative Treatment).

UNIT III ANTENNA ARRAYS:

Point sources- Definition, Patterns, arrays of 2 Isotropic sources- Different cases. Principle of Pattern Multiplication, Uniform Linear Arrays – Broadside Arrays, Endfire Arrays, EFA with Increased Directivity, Derivation of their characteristics and comparison, BSA with Non-uniform Amplitude Distributions- General considerations and Bionomial Arrays. UNIT IV VHF, UHF AND MICROWAVE ANTENNAS - I:

Arrays with Parasitic Elements, Yagi - Uda Arrays, Folded Dipoles & their characteristics. Helical Antennas-Helical Geometry, Helix modes, Practical Design considerations for Monofilar Helical Antenna in Axial and Normal Modes. Horn Antennas- Types, Fermat’s Principle, Optimum Horns, Design Considerations of Pyramidal Horns. UNIT V VHF, UHF AND MICROWAVE ANTENNAS - II:

Micro strip Antennas- Introduction, features, advantages and limitations, Rectangular patch antennas- Geometry and parameters, characteristics of Micro strip antennas, Impact of different parameters on characteristics, reflector antennas- Introduction, Flar sheet and corner reflectors, paraboloidal reflectors- geometry, pattern characteristics, Feed Methods, Reflector Types- Related Features. UNIT VI LENS ANTENNAS:

Introduction, Geometry of Non-metallic Dielectric Lenses, Zoning, Tolerances, Applications. Antenna Measurements: Introduction, Concepts- Reciprocity, Near and Far Fields, Coordination system, sources of errors, Patterns to be Measured, Pattern Measurement Arrangement, Directivity Measurement , Gain Measurements (by comparison, Absolute

and 3-Antenna Methods).

UNIT VII WAVE PROPAGATION - I:

Introduction, Definitions, Characterizations and general classifications, different modes of wave propagation, Ray/ Mode concepts. Ground wave propagation (Qualitative treatment)- Introduction, Plane earth reflections, Space and surface waves, wave tilt, curved earth reflections. Space wave propagation- Introduction, field strength variation with distance and height, effect of earth’s curvature, absorption. Super refraction, M-curves and duct propagation, scattering phenomena, tropospheric propagation, fading and path loss calculations. UNIT VIII WAVE PROPAGATION – II:

Sky wave propagation- Introduction, structure of Ionosphere, refraction and reflection of sky waves by Ionosphere, Ray path, Critical frequency, MUF, LUF, OF, Virtual height and Skip distance, Relation between MUF and Skip distance, Multi-HOP propagation, Energy loss in Ionosphere, Summary of Wave Characteristics in different frequency ranges. TEXT BOOKS:

1. John D. Kraus and Ronald J. Marhefka and Ahmad S.Khan, Antennas and wave propagation –TMH, New Delhi, 4th Edition, (special Indian Edition), 2010

2. E.C. Jordan and K.G. Balmain, Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems ,PHI, 2nd edition, 2008.

REFERENCES:

1. C.A. Balanis, Antenna Theory, John Wiley & Sons, 2nd edition, 2001. 2. K.D. Prasad, Antennas and Wave Propagation, Satya Prakashan Tech India Publications,

New Delhi, 2001. 3. F.E. Terman, Electronic and Radio Engineering, McGraw-Hill, 4th edition, 1955. 4. John D. Kraus, Antennas, McGraw-Hill (International Edition), 2nd edition, 1988.


III B.Tech –I Semester

12AEE17 CONTROL SYSTEMS

(Common to EEE & ECE) Objectives:

1. To introduce, the principles and applications of control systems in everyday life.

2. To focus the basic concepts of block diagram reduction, time domain analysis, solution to the time invariant systems.

3. To deal with different aspects of stability analysis of systems in frequency and time domain.

Outcomes: After completion of this course, the student will be able:

1. To apply the concept of control systems for domestic and industrial purposes. 2. To acquire the concepts of stability analysis in time domain and frequency domain which are necessary to

analyze any system performance.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION: Concepts of Control Systems - Open Loop and closed loop control systems and their differences - Examples of control systems - Classification of control systems - Feed-back Characteristics - Effects of feedback - Mathematical models – Differential equations - Impulse Response and transfer functions - Translational and Rotational mechanical systems UNIT II

TRANSFER FUNCTION REPRESENTATION: Transfer Function of DC Servo motor - AC Servo motor - Synchro Transmitter and Receiver - Block diagram algebra – Signal flow graph - Reduction using Mason’s gain formula. UNIT III TIME RESPONSE ANALYSIS: Standard test signals - Time response of first order systems – Characteristic Equation of Feedback control systems - Transient response of second order

systems - Time domain specifications – Steady state response - Steady state errors and error constants – Effects of proportional - Integral and derivative controls. UNIT IV STABILITY ANALYSIS IN FREQUENCY DOMAIN: The concept of stability – Routh’s stability criterion – Qualitative stability and conditional stability – Limitations of Routh’s stability analysis - The root locus concept - Construction of root loci-effects of adding poles and zeros to G(s)H(s) on the root loci. UNIT V FREQUENCY RESPONSE ANALYSIS: Frequency domain specifications - Bode diagrams -Determination of Frequency domain specifications and transfer function from the Bode Diagram - Phase margin and Gain margin - Stability Analysis from Bode Plots.

UNIT VI STABILITY ANALYSIS IN FREQUENCY DOMAIN: Polar Plots - Nyquist Plots - Stability Analysis. UNIT VII CLASSICAL CONTROL DESIGN TECHNIQUES: Compensation techniques – Lag, Lead, Lead-Lag Controllers design in frequency domain - P, PD, PI, PID Controllers.

UNIT VIII STATE SPACE ANALYSIS OF CONTINUOUS SYSTEMS: Concepts of state - State variables and State Model - Derivation of state models from Block Diagrams – Diagonalization - Solving the Time invariant state Equations - State Transition Matrix and it’s properties.

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TEXT BOOKS:

1. Kuo.B.C , Farid Golnaraghi, Automatic Control Systems, 8th edition,2003 John wiley and son’s. 2. Nagrath.I.J and Gopal.M, Control Systems Engineering, 5th edition, New Age International(P) Limited Publishers, 2007. 3. NISE, Control Systems Engineering, 5th Edition, John wiley Publishers.

REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Katsuhiko Ogata, Modern Control Engineering, 5th edition, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.,

2010. 2. Anand Kumar.A, Control Systems, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.,

3. Narciso F. Macia, George J. Thaler, “Modelling & Control Of Dynamic Systems”, Thomson Publishers.


L T P C III B.Tech - I Semester 4 1 - 4

12AEC22 MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROCONTROLLERS (Common to ECE and EEE)

Objectives:

1. To familiarize the architecture of 8086 processor, Assembly language programming and interfacing with

various peripherals.

2. To provide the knowledge of 8051 microcontroller concepts, architecture and programming.

3. To understand and design microprocessor based systems for various applications.

Outcomes:

After completion of this course the student will be able to:

1. Study and understand the architecture and programming of any other microprocessor or microcontroller.

2. Do any type of VLSI and Embedded Systems for Industrial and Real Time applications.

UNIT-I: 8086 MICROPROCESSOR

History of Microprocessors, Memory segmentation,8086 Microprocessor: Architecture, special functions of general purpose registers, flag register and functions of flags, addressing modes and instruction set of 8086. UNIT-II: ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMING Assembler directives, procedures and macros. Assembly language programs (8086) with assembler directives for addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, sorting, searching, bit manipulation, programs using look-up tables. UNIT-III: INTERFACING MEMORY AND I/O PORTS

Pin diagram of 8086-Minimum mode and maximum mode of operation, timing diagrams for memory read(MR),Memory write (MW), IO read(IOR) and IO write(IOW) bus cycles. Interfacing memory (static RAM and ROM),8255 PPI-Various modes of operation and interfacing with 8086. UNIT-IV: APPLICATIONS OF 8086 MICROPROCESOR ADC Interfacing, multichannel data acquisition system, DAC interfacing, waveform generation, Traffic light controller, stepper motor control, temperature measurement and control. UNIT-V: PROGRAMABLE INTERFACING DEVICES

Interrupt structure of 8086,interrupt vector table. 8259 PIC architecture and interfacing, cascading of interrupt controllers and its importance –Need for DMA,DMA data transfer method, interfacing 8257. UNIT-VI: SERIAL DATA TRANSFER AND PROGRAMABLE INTERVAL TIMER

Asynchronous and synchronous serial data transfer schemces.8251 USART Architecture

and interfacing.TTL to RS 232C and RS 232C to TTL conversion. Sample programe of serial data transfer. Programmable interval timer 8253, modes of 8253 and its interfacing,programming examples with 8253. UNIT-VII: 8051 MICROCONTROLLER

Architecture, Registers, I/O ports and memory organization, addressing modes, instruction set, simple assembly language programming examples using 8051. UNIT- VIII: 8051 INTERRUPTS, TIMER/COUNTER AND SERIAL COMMUNICATION

Interrupts in 8051, initialization of interrupts, interrupt priorities, timer/counter modes and applications with programming examples, serial communication modes with programming examples, important features of MCS-96 and ARM Microcontrollers. TEXT BOOKS:

1. A.K. Ray and K.M.Bhurchandi, Advanced Microprocessor and Peripherals, 2nd edition, TMH, 2009.

2. Deshmukh, Microcontrollers, Tata Mc-Graw Hill Edition, 2007. 3. Raj Kamal, Microcontrollers Architecture, Programming, Interfacing and Systems Design-

Pearson Education, 2011. REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Douglas V.Hall, Microprocessors Interfacing, 2nd edition, 2007. 2. Walter A.Triebel & Avtar Singh, The 8088 and 8086 Microprocessors, PHI, 4th Edition,

2003. 3. Liu and GA Gibson, Micro Computer Systems 8086/8088 family Architecture

programming and Design, PHI, 2nd Edition. 4. Subrata Ghoshal, 8051 Microcontroller-Internals Instructions, Programming and

Interfacing by Pearson, 2010.


L T P C III B.Tech - I Semester ECE - - 3 2

12AEC23 PULSE & DIGITAL CIRCUITS LAB

Note: Minimum 12 Experiments are to be conducted

1. Linear wave shaping.

2. Non Linear wave shaping – Clippers.

3. Non Linear wave shaping – Clampers.

4. Transistor as a Switch.

5. Study of Logic Gates.

6. Half Adder and Half Subtractor using Logic Gates.

7. Sampling Gates.

8. Astable Multivibrator.

9. Monostable Multivibrator.

10. Bistable Multivibrator.

11. Schmitt Trigger.

12. UJT Relaxation Oscillator.

13. Bootstrap sweep circuit.

14. Constant Current Sweep Generator using BJT.


L T P C III B.Tech - I Semester ECE - - 3 2

12AEC24 IC APPLICATIONS & ECAD LAB

Minimum Twelve Experiments to be conducted (Any Six from Part A and Part B)

Part A (IC Applications Lab):

1. OP AMP Applications – Adder, Subtractor and Comparator Circuits.

2. Active Filter Applications – LPF, HPF (first order).

3. Function Generator using OP AMPs.

4. IC 555 Timer – Monostable and Astable Operation Circuit.

5. IC 566 – VCO Applications.

6. Voltage Regulator using IC 723.

7. 4 bit DAC using OP AMP.

Part B (ECAD Lab):

Simulate the internal structure of the following Digital IC’s using VHDL / VERILOG and verify the operations of the Digital IC’s (Hardware).

1. Logic Gates- 74XX.

2. Half Adder, Half Subtractor, Full Adder, Full Subtractor & Ripple Carry Adder.

3. 3-8 Decoder -74138 & 8-3 Encoder- 74X148.

4. 8 x 1 Multiplexer -74X151 and 2x4 Demultiplexer-74X155.

5. 4 bit Comparator-74X85.

6. D Flip-Flop 74X74.

7. JK Flip-Flop 74X109.

8. Decade counter-74X90.

9. Universal shift register -74X194.


L T P C III B.Tech - II Semester ECE 4 1 - 4

12AEC26 VLSI DESIGN

Objectives: 1. To introduce basic NMOS, CMOS & Bi-CMOS circuits.

2. To study NMOS & CMOS process technology. 3. To understand Technology Scaling and Designing VLSI subsystems.

Outcomes: After completion of the course, the student will

1. Gain knowledge of different VLSI fabrication processes and CMOS Logic Design. 2. Design different MOS logical circuits.

3. Design for Programmable architectures such as, PLDs, CPLDs and FPGAs.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION

Introduction to IC technology-MOS, PMOS, NMOS, CMOS and BI-CMOS technologies-oxidation, lithography, diffusion, Ion implantation, metallisation , Encapsulation, probe testing, integrated resistors and capacitors. UNIT II BASIC ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES

Basic electrical properties of MOS and BI-CMOS circuits: Ids-Vds relationships, MOS transistor threshold voltage, gm, gds, figure of merit; pass transistor, NMOS inverter, various pull-ups, CMOS inverter analysis and design, BI-CMOS inverters. UNIT III VLSI CIRCUIT DESIGN PROCESSES

VLSI design flow, MOS layers, stick diagrams, design rules and lay out, 2µm CMOS design rules for wires, contacts and transistors layout diagrams for NMOS and CMOS inverters and gates, scaling of MOS circuits, limitations of scaling. UNIT IV GATE LEVEL DESIGN

Logic gates and other complex gates, switch logic, alternate gate circuits, basic circuit concepts, sheet resistance RS and its concept to MOS, area capacitance units, calculations-(Micro)-delays, driving large capacitive loads, wiring capacitances, fan-in and fan-out, choice of layers. UNIT V SUB SYSTEM DESIGN

Introduction, Shifters, adders, ALUs, multipliers, parity generators, comparators, zero/one detectors, counters, high density memory elements.

UNIT VI SEMICONDUCTOR INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DESIGN

PLAs, FPGAs, CPLDs, standard cells, programmable array logic, design approach. UNIT VII VHDL SYNTHESIS

Introduction, circuit design flow, circuit synthesis, simulation, layout, design capture tools, design verification tools, test principles.

UNIT VIII CMOS TESTING

Need for testing, test principles, design strategies for test, chip level test techniques, system-level test techniques, layout design for improved testability.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Kamran Eshraghian, Eshraghian Douglas and A.Pucknell ,Essentials of VLSI circuits and systems, PHI, 2009 Edition.

2. Weste and Eshraghian, Principles of CMOS VLSI design, Pearson Education, 2009. REFERENCES:

1. John P.Uyemura, Introduction to VLSI circuits and systems, John Wiley, 2009. 2. John M. Rabaey, Digital Integrated Circuits, PHI, EEE, 2009. 3. Wayne Wolf, Modern VLSI design, Pearson Education, 3rd Edition, 2008.



III B.Tech - II Semester ECE 4 1 - 4

12AEC27 MICROWAVE ENGINEERING

Objectives: The course will provide the student: 1. To the basics of Microwave Devices and Microwave Components. 2. To the basics of Microwave Measurements and Modeling of RF Circuits used in Communication Systems.

Outcomes: Upon successful completion of this course the student will gain knowledge about

1. Microwave Devices such as Amplifiers and Oscillators. 2. Microwave Measurements.

3. RF Basic concepts.

UNIT-I MICROWAVE TRANSMISSION LINES - I:

Introduction, Microwave spectrum and bands, applications of Microwaves. Rectangular

Waveguides-Wave Equation in Rectangular Coordinates, TE/TM mode analysis, Expressions for fields, Characteristic equation and cutoff frequencies, filter characteristics, dominant and degenerate modes, sketches of TE and TM mode fields in the cross-section. Mode characteristics - Phase and Group velocities, wavelengths and impedance relations, UNIT-II MICROWAVE TRANSMISSION LINES - II:

Rectangular Waveguides – Power Transmission and Power Losses, Impossibility of TEM Modes, Micro strip lines-introduction, Z0 relations, effective dielectric constant, losses, Q-factor, Cavity resonators-introduction, Rectangular and cylindrical cavities, dominant modes and resonant frequencies, Q-factor and coupling coefficients. UNIT-III WAVEGUIDE COMPONENTS AND APPLICATIONS- I:

Coupling mechanisms- probe, loop, aperture types. Wave guide discontinuities - waveguide Windows, tuning screws and posts, matched loads. Waveguide attenuators - resistive card, rotary vane Attenuators; waveguide phase shifters-dielectric, rotary vane phase shifters. Wave guide multiport junctions-E plane and H plane Tees, Magic Tee, Directional couplers-2 hole, Bethe hole types. UNIT-IV WAVE GUIDE COMPONENTS AND APPLICATIONS-II:

Ferrites-composition and characteristics, Faraday rotation, Ferrite components-Gyrator, Isolator, Circulator, Scattering Matrix-Significance, Formulation and properties. S Matrix calculations for 2-port junction, E plane and H plane Tees, Magic Tee, Directional coupler, circulator and Isolator. UNIT-V MICROWAVE TUBES-I:

Limitations and losses of conventional tubes at microwave frequencies, Microwave tubes-O type and M type classifications, O type tubes, Two cavity Klystrons-structure, Reentrant cavities, velocity modulation process and Applegate diagram, bunching process and small signal theory-Expressions for output power and efficiency, Reflex Klystrons-structure, Velocity Modulation, Applegate diagram, mathematical theory of bunching, power output, efficiency , oscillating modes and output characteristics, Effect of Repeller Voltage on Power

Output. UNIT-VI MICROWAVE TUBES-II:

Significance, types and characteristics of slow wave structures, structure of TWT and amplification process (qualitative treatment), suppression of oscillations, gain considerations.

M -TYPE TUBES: Introduction, cross field effects, Magnetrons-different types, cylindrical travelling wave magnetron-Hull cutoff and Hartree conditions, modes of resonance and PI-mode operation, separation of PI-mode, O/P characteristics. UNIT-VII MICROWAVE SOLID STATE DEVICES:

Introduction, classification, applications, Transfer Electronic Devices, Gunn diode - principles, RWH theory, characteristics, basic modes of operation - Gunn oscillation modes. LSA Mode, Varactor Diode, Parametric Amplifier, Introduction to Avalanche Transit time devices (brief treatment only). UNIT-VIII MICROWAVE MEASUREMENTS:

Description of Microwave bench-different blocks and their features, errors and precautions; Microwave power measurement - Bolometers, Measurement of attenuation, frequency

standing wave measurements –measurement of low and high VSWR, cavity-Q, impedance measurements.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Samuel Y. Liao, Microwave Devices and Circuits, Pearson, 3rd Edition, 2008. 2. Herbert J.Reich, J.G.Skalnik, P.F.Ordung and H.L.Krauss, Microwave Principles, CBS publishers and distributors, New Delhi, 2009. 3. M. Kulkarni, Microwave and RADAR Engineering, Umesh Publications, 3rd Edition, 2009.

REFERENCES:

1. R.E.Collin, Foundations for Microwave Engineering, IEEE press, John Wiley, 2nd Edition, 2007.

2. L.Sisodia and G.S.Raghuvanshi, Microwave Circuits and Passive Devices, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New age International publishers Ltd., 2005.

3. A. Das, Microwave Engineering, TMH, 2nd Edition, 2009.


III B.Tech - II Semester ECE L T P C 4 1 0 4 12AHS12 MANAGEMENT SCIENCE (Common to ECE & EEE) Objective: To provide an overview of management and its various principles to Engineering students to face the challenging of technology driven Industry.

Outcome: After completion of this course students will be able to apply to the Management functions & principles in the field of Engineering. UNIT I

Introduction to Management: Concepts of Management and organization- nature, importance and Functions of Management, Taylor’s Scientific Management Theory, Fayol’s Principles of Management, Mayo’s Hawthorne Experiments, Maslow’s Theory of Human Needs, Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y, Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory of Motivation, Systems Approach to Management, Leadership Styles, Social responsibilities of Management. UNIT II

Designing Organizational Structures: Basic concepts related to Organization - Departmentation and Decentralization, Types of mechanistic and organic structures of organization (Line

organization, Line and staff organization, functional organization, Committee organization, matrix organization, Virtual Organization, Cellular Organization, team structure, boundary less organization, inverted pyramid structure, lean and flat organization structure) and their merits, demerits and suitability. UNIT III

Operations Management :Principles and Types of Plant Layout-Methods of production (Job, batch and Mass Production), Work Study -Basic procedure involved in Method Study and Work Measurement- Statistical Quality Control: chart, R chart, c chart, p chart, (simple Problems), Acceptance Sampling, Deming’s contribution to quality. UNIT IV

Materials Management: Objectives, Need for Inventory control, EOQ, ABC Analysis, Purchase Procedure, Stores Management and Stores Records.

Marketing: Functions of Marketing, Marketing Mix, and Marketing Strategies based on Product Life Cycle, Channels of distribution. UNIT V

Human Resources Management (HRM) : Concepts of HRM, HRD and Personnel Management and Industrial Relations (PMIR), HRM vs PMIR, Basic functions of HR Manager: Manpower planning,

Recruitment, Selection, Training and Development, Placement, Wage and Salary Administration, Promotion, Transfer, Separation, Performance Appraisal, Grievance Handling and Welfare Administration, Job Evaluation and Merit Rating. UNIT VI

Project Management (PERT/CPM) : Network Analysis, Programme Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT), Critical Path Method (CPM), Identifying critical path, Probability of

Completing the project within given time, Project Cost Analysis, Project Crashing. (simple problems) UNIT VII

Strategic Management :Mission, Goals, Objectives, Policy, Strategy, Programmes, Elements of Corporate Planning Process, Environmental Scanning, Value Chain Analysis, SWOT Analysis, Steps in Strategy Formulation and Implementation, Generic Strategy alternatives.

UNIT VIII

Contemporary Management Practices: Basic concepts of MIS, End User Computing, Materials Requirement Planning (MRP), Just-In-Time (JIT) System, Total Quality Management (TQM), Six

sigma and Capability Maturity Model (CMM) Levels, Supply Chain Management, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Performance Management, Business Process outsourcing (BPO), Business Process Re-engineering and Bench Marking, Balanced Score Card.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Aryasri: Management Science, TMH, 2004. 2. Stoner, Freeman, Gilbert, Management, 6th Ed, Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2004.

REFERENCES: 1. Kotler Philip & Keller Kevin Lane, Marketing Mangement 12/e, PHI, 2005. 2. Koontz & Weihrich, Essentials of Management, 6/e, TMH, 2005.

3. Thomas N.Duening & John M.Ivancevich, Management—Principles and Guidelines, Biztantra, 2003. 4. Kanishka Bedi, Production and Operations Management, Oxford University Press, 2004. 5. Memoria & S.V.Gauker, Personnel Management, Himalaya, 25/e, 2005 6. Samuel C.Certo, Modern Management, 9/e, PHI, 2005 7. Schermerhorn, Capling, Poole & Wiesner, Management, Wiley, 2002. 8. Parnell, Strategic Management, Biztantra, 2003.

9. Lawrence R Jauch, R.Gupta &William F.Glueck, Business Policy and Strategic Management, Frank Bros., 2005. 10. L.S.Srinath, PERT/CPM,Affiliated East-West Press, 2005.


L T P C III B.Tech - II Semester 4 1 - 4

12AEC28 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING (Common to ECE & EEE)

Objectives: The course will provide the student:

1. To have an overview of discrete time signals and systems..

2. To familiarize DFT and FFT computations. 3. To design and realize various types of IIR and FIR type filters.

Outcomes: On completion of the course the student will be able to:

1. To analyze and process signals in the discrete time domain. 2. To design digital filters to suit specific requirements for specified applications..

UNIT-I INTRODUCTION

Introduction to digital signal processing: Discrete time signals -sequences, Elementary discrete time signals, Basic operations on sequences, classification of discrete time signals, classification of discrete time systems-static and dynamic,causal and non causal,linear and nonlinear, shift invariant and shift variant,stable and unstable systems;impulse response and linear convolution,condition for BIBO stability,Linear constant coefficient difference equation. UNIT-II DISCRETE FOURIER SERIES AND DISCRETE FOURIER TRANSFORM

Discrete Fourier Series(DFS) representation of periodic sequences, Discrete Fourier Transforms(DFT): DFT and IDFT,Properties of DFT,Computation of DFT and IDFT,circular convolution,Linear convolution using circular convolution,overlap-add and overlap-save methods for long sequences. UNIT-III FAST FOURIER TRANSFORMS

Fast Fourier transforms (FFT)-Radix2 decimation in time and decimation in frequency FFT algorithms, inverse FFT and FFT for composite N. UNIT –IV APPLICATIONS OF Z-TRANSFORMS

Review of Z-transforms,System function H(z),Stability analysis,Solution of difference equations using z-transforms-Natural response, Forced response and total response.Deconvolution using z-transform. Frquency spectrum of discrete time signals and systems,Relation between DFT and z-transform. UNIT-V REALIZATION OF DIGITAL FILTERS

IIR Filter structures: Direct form-I realization, Direct form-II realization, Transposed direct

forms,Cascade form structure and parallel form structure. FIR Filter structures: Direct form, Transposed form and cascade form structures. Minimum multiplier structure for linear phase FIR filters. UNIT-VI IIR DIGITAL FILTERS

Analog filter approximations-Butterworth and Chebyshev(Type-I), Analog to analog

transformation to transform low pass to high pass,bandpass and bandstop filters, Design of IIR filters from analog filters:Backward difference method, Impulse invariant technique and Bilinear transformation. Illustrative Problems. UNIT-VII FIR DIGITAL FILTERS

Characteristics of FIR digital filters, Design of FIR digital Filters: Fourier series method,

Frequency Sampling technique, Windowing methods-Rectangular window, Bartlett window,

Raised cosine window, Hamming window, Hanning window, Blackmann window, Illustrative problems, comparison of IIR and FIR Filters. UNIT-VIII MULTIRATE DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING FUNDAMENTALS:

Basic sample rate alteration devices, Multirate Structures for sampling rate Converters, Multistage design of decimator and Interpolator, Polyphase Decomposition. Applications of Digital signal Processing.

TEXT BOOKS: 1. John G. Proakis & Dimitris G. Manolakis, Digital signal processing, Principles, Algorithms and Applications, Pearson Education/PHI, 4th edition, 2007. 2. Sanjit K Mitra, Digital Signal Processing, A computer base approach, Tata Mcgraw

Hill, 3rd edition, 2009. 3. A.V. Oppenheim and R.W. Schaffer, Discrete Time Signal Processing, 2nd edition, PHI. 4. A.Anand Kumar, Digital Signal Processing, PHI Learning Private Limited, 2013. REFERENCES: 1. Andreas Antoniou, Digital Signal Processing, TATA McGraw Hill, 2006. 2. R S Kaler, M Kulkarni,& Umesh Gupta, A Text book on Digital Signal Processing, I K International Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. 3. M. H. Hayes, Digital Signal Processing, Schaum’s Outlines, TATA Mc-Graw Hill, 2007.


L T P C III B.Tech - II Semester ECE 4 1 - 4

12AEC29 DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS

Objectives: The course will provide the student to:

1. Understand basic components of digital communication systems. 2. Understand transmission and detection of digital signals

3. Analyze the error performance of digital modulation techniques.

Outcomes: On completion of the course the student will be able to gain:

1. Knowledge about the constituents of a digital communications system.

2. Knowledge to analyze various methods of baseband and band pass digital transmission. 3. Knowledge to analyze various coding and decoding methods.

UNIT I DIGITIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR ANALOG MESSAGES-I:

Introduction - Importance of Digitization Techniques for Analog Messages, Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) - Generation and Reconstruction, Quantization Noise, Non-Uniform Quantization and Companding, PCM with Noise-Decoding Noise, Error Threshold, PCM versus Analog Modulation. UNIT II DIGITIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR ANALOG MESSAGES-II:

Delta modulation, Adaptive Delta Modulation, Differential PCM systems (DPCM), Digital Multiplexing-Multiplexers and Hierarchies. UNIT III BASE BAND DIGITAL TRANSMISSION-I:

Digital Signals and Systems – Digital PAM Signals, Transmission Limitations, Power Spectra of

Digital PAM, Noise and Errors – Binary Error Probabilities, Matched Filtering, Correlation Detection. UNIT IV BASE BAND DIGITAL TRANSMISSION-II:

Band Limited Digital PAM Systems – Nyquist Pulse Shaping, Optimum Terminal Filters, Correlative Coding. UNIT V CHANNEL CODING:

Error Detection & Correction - Repetition & Parity Check Codes, Interleaving, Code Vectors and Hamming Distance, Forward Error Correction (FEC) Systems, Automatic Retransmission Query (ARQ) Systems, Linear Block Codes – Matrix Representation of Block Codes, Convolutional Codes – Convolutional Encoding, Decoding Methods.

UNIT VI INFORMATION THEORY:

Information Measure and Encoding - Information Measure, Entropy and Information Rate, Coding for a Discrete Memory Less Channel, Information transmission on a discrete channels - mutual information, Binary Symmetric Channel, Discrete Channel Capacity, Coding for the Binary Symmetric Channels. UNIT VII BAND PASS DIGITAL TRANSMISSION-I:

Digital CW Modulation – Spectral Analysis of Digital Band Pass Signals, Signal Space, Gram-Schmidt Procedure, Coherent Binary Systems – Optimum Binary Detection, Coherent ASK (on-off keying), BPSK and FSK, Timing and Synchronization, Interference, Non-Coherent Binary Systems, Non-Coherent FSK, Differentially Coherent PSK.

UNIT VIII BAND PASS DIGITAL TRANSMISSION-II:

Quadrature Carrier and M–ary Systems- Quadrature Carrier Systems, M–ary PSK Systems, M–ary QAM Systems, M–ary FSK Systems and Comparison of Digital Modulation Systems.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. A. Bruce Carlson, & Paul B. Crilly, Communication Systems – An Introduction to Signals &

Noise in Electrical Communication, McGraw-Hill International Edition, 5th Edition, 2011. 2. Sam Shanmugam, Digital and Analog Communication Systems, John Wiley, 2005.

REFERENCES:

1. Bernard Sklar, Digital Communications, Prentice-Hall PTR, 2nd edition, 2008. 2. Simon Haykin, Communication Systems, Wiley-India edition, 3rd edition, 2010. 3. B.P. Lathi, & Zhi Ding, Modern Digital & Analog Communication Systems, Oxford University

Press, International 4th edition, 2010. 4. Herbert Taub & Donald L Schilling, Principles of Communication Systems, Tata McGraw-Hill,

3rd Edition, 2009.


L T P C

III B.Tech - II Semester ECE 4 1 - 4

12ACS07 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION

Objectives:

1. This course provides a discussion of the fundamentals of computer organization (physical design) and architecture (logical design) and relates this to contemporary design issues.

2. This will cover machine level representation of data, assembly level organization, memory system organization and architecture, system connection, memory, input/output, instruction sets, CPU structure

and functions and the control Unit operation. 3. Develop independent learning skills and be able to learn more about different computer architectures and

hardware.

Outcomes:

Students successfully completing the course will be able to:

1. Describe computer architecture and organization, computer arithmetic, and CPU design.

2. Describe I/O system and interconnection structures of a computer. 3. Use assembly language to program a microprocessor system.

UNIT I:

BASIC STRUCTURE OF COMPUTERS: Computer Types, Functional unit, Basic OPERATIONAL concepts, Bus structures, Software, Performance, multiprocessors and

multi computers. Data Representation.Fixed Point Representation. Floating – Point Representation. Error Detection codes. UNIT II:

REGISTER TRANSFER LANGUAGE AND MICROOPERATIONS : Register Transfer language. Register Transfer Bus and memory transfers, Arithmetic Mircrooperatiaons, logic micro

operations, shift micro operations, Arithmetic logic shift unit. Instruction codes. Computer Registers Computer instructions, Instruction cycle. UNIT III:

MEMORY REFERENCE INSTRUCTIONS: Input – Output and Interrupt, STACK organization, Instruction Formats, Addressing modes, DATA Transfer and manipulation, Program control, Reduced Instruction Set Computer.

UNIT IV:

MICRO PROGRAMMED CONTROL: Control memory, Address sequencing, microprogram example, the design of the control unit Hard wired control, Microprogrammed control.

UNIT V:

COMPUTER ARITHMETIC: Addition and subtraction, multiplication Algorithms, Division Algorithms, Floating – point Arithmetic operations. Decimal Arithmetic unit Decimal Arithmetic operations. UNIT VI:

THE MEMORY SYSTEM: Basic concepts semiconductor RAM memories. Read-only memories Cache memory performance considerations, Virtual memories secondary storage.Introduction to RAID.

UNIT-VII

INPUT-OUTPUT ORGANIZATION: Peripheral Devices, Input-Output Interface, Asynchronous data transfer Modes of Transfer, Priority Interrupt Direct memory Access, Input –Output Processor (IOP) Serial communication; Introduction to peripheral component, Interconnect (PCI) bus. Introduction to standard serial communication protocols like RS232, USB, IEEE1394. UNIT VIII:

PIPELINE AND VECTOR PROCESSING: Parallel Processing, Pipelining, Arithmetic Pipeline, Instruction Pipeline, RISC Pipeline Vector Processing, Array Processors.

MULTI PROCESSORS: Characteristics or Multiprocessors, Interconnection Structures, Interprocessor Arbitration. Interprocessor Communication and Synchronization Cache Coherance.Shared Memory Multiprocessors. TEXT BOOKS: 1. Carl Hamacher, Zvonks Vranesic, SafeaZaky, Computer Organization, 5th Edition, McGraw Hill. 2. M.MorisMano, Computer Systems Architecture, 3rd Edition, Pearson/PHI REFERENCES: 1. William Stallings, Computer Organization and Architecture –Sixth Edition, Pearson/PHI. 2. Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Structured Computer Organization, 4th Edition PHI/Pearson. 3. Sivaraama Danda Mudi, Fundamentals of Computer Organization and Design,

Springer Int.Edition. 4. John L. Hennessy and David A. Patterson, Computer Architecture a quantitative

approach, Fourth Edition, Elsevier. 5. Joseph D. Dumas ,Computer Architecture: Fundamentals and Principles of Computer

Design, II Edition, BS publications.


L T P C III B.Tech - II Semester ECE - - 3 2

12AEC30 ANALOG & DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS LAB

Minimum Twelve Experiments to be conducted: (Six from each part A & B)

Part A (Analog Communication Lab)

1. Amplitude modulation and Demodulation.

2. Frequency modulation and Demodulation.

3. Characteristics of Mixer.

4. Pre-emphasis & De-emphasis.

5. Pulse Amplitude Modulation and Demodulation.

6. Pulse Width Modulation and Demodulation.

7. Pulse Position Modulation and Demodulation.

8. Radio Receiver measurements – Sensitivity, Selectivity & Fidelity.

Part B (Digital Communication Lab):

1. Sampling Theorem – Verification.

2. Time division multiplexing.

3. Pulse Code Modulation.

4. Delta modulation.

5. Frequency shift keying - Modulation and Demodulation.

6. Phase shift keying - Modulation and Demodulation.

7. Differential phase shift keying - Modulation and Demodulation.

8. QPSK - Modulation and Demodulation.


L T P C III B.Tech - II Semester - - 3 2

12AEC31 MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROCONTROLLERS LAB

(Common to ECE and EEE)

Note: Minimum Twelve Experiments to be conducted

(Any Eight from Part A and Four from Part B)

Part A

MICROPROCESSORS:

1. ALPs (8086) for addition and subtraction.

2. ALPs (8086) for multiplication and Division.

3. ALPs (8086) for sorting and searching.

4. (a) ALPs (8086) for square wave and rectangular wave generation using 8255

in I/O mode and BSR mode.

(b) ALPs(8086) for (i) Rate Generator and (ii) Square wave generator using 8253

5. ALPs(8086) for ADC and DAC interfacing boards and drawing output Vs input

characteristics.

6. ALPs (8086) for generating ramp wave, triangular wave, stair case wave forms using

DAC.

7. ALP (8086) for pattern generation using dual DAC interfacing bound.

8. ALP (8086) for traffic light controller.

9. ALP (8086) for stepper motor control.

10. ALP (8086) for temperature measurement.

Part B

MICROCONTROLLERS:

1. ALP (8051) to determine the largest and smallest of N bytes.

2. (a) ALP (8051) to multiply a 16-bit number by an 8-bit number.

(b) ALP (8051) to find square root of an 8-bit number.

3. (a) ALP (8051) to determine LCM of two 8- bit numbers.

(b)ALP (8051) to determine GCD of two 8- bit numbers.

4. Timer/Counters (8051) in different modes.

5. 8051 Serial communication modes.

SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (Autonomous)

L T P C III B.Tech - II Semester ECE - - - 2

12AEC32 SEMINAR


L T P C B.Tech- IV Year-I Sem ECE 4 1 - 4

12AEC33 OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS

Objectives:

1. To introduce various optical fiber modes, configurations and various signal degradation

factors associated with optical fiber. 2. To study about various optical sources and optical detectors and their use in the optical communication

System.

Outcomes:

The student will be able to

1. Design an optical fiber communication link. 2. Measure the characteristics of LED, LASER source and Photo detectors.

3. Measure dispersion and attenuation in OFC.

UNIT-I

INTRODUCTION: Historical Development, The General System, Advantages of Optical Fiber Communications, Ray Theory transmission, Electromagnetic mode theory for Optical Propagation, Cylindrical Fiber. UNIT-II FIBER MATERIALS:

Single mode fibers, Fiber Materials, Fiber Fabrication, Mechanical Properties of Fibers, Fiber Optic Cables. UNIT-III LOSSES & DISPERSION: Attenuation, Material Absorption Losses in Silica Glass Fibers, Linear Scattering Losses, Fiber Bend Loss, Dispersion, Chromatic dispersion, Intermodal dispersion, Overall fiber

dispersion, Polarization. UNIT-IV FIBER ALIGNMENT AND JOINT LOSS: Introduction, Fiber to Fiber Joints, Fiber Splices, Fiber Connectors, Fiber Couplers, Optical Isolators and Circulators.

UNIT-V LIGHT EMITTING DIODES (LEDS) & LASER DIODES: Introduction, LED Structures, Light Source Materials, Quantum Efficiency and LED Power, Modulation of LED, Laser Diode Modes and Threshold conditions, Laser Diode Rate Equations, External Quantum Efficiencies and Resonant Frequencies.

UNIT-VI POWER LAUNCHING AND COUPLING: Source to Fiber Power Launching, Lensing schemes for Coupling Improvement, LED coupling total single mode fibers. Photo Detectors – Physical principles of photo diodes, photo detector noise, detector response time, avalanche multiplication noise, structures for InGaAs APDs, temperature effect on avalanche gain, comparisons of photo detectors. UNIT-VII DIGITAL LINKS & ANALOG LINKS: Digital Links: Point to point links, power penalties, error control. Analog links: Over-view of analog links, carrier to noise ratio, multichannel transmission techniques, RF over fiber, radio over fiber links.

UNIT-VIII WDM CONCEPTS AND COMPONENTS: Over-view, Passive optical couplers, Fiber grating filters, dielectric thin film filters, Phased array based devices, Diffraction gratings, Active optical components, tunable light sources. TEXT BOOKS:

1. Gerd Keiser, Optical Fiber Communications, McGraw Hill International Edition, 4th

Edition, 2010. 2. John M. Senior, Optical Fiber Communications, PHI, 3rd Edition, 2010.

REFERENCES:

1. Max Ming-Kang Liu, Principles and Applications of Optical Communications, TMH, 2010. 2. S.C.Gupta, Text book on optical fiber communication and its applications, PHI, 2005. 3. Satish Kumar, Fundamentals of Optical Fiber communications, PHI, 2009.


(Autonomous) L T P C B.Tech- IV Year-I Sem ECE 4 1 - 4

12ACS15 COMPUTER NETWORKS Objectives:

1. Understanding the way networks work. Basic probability applied to networks.

2. Understanding the Internet protocol (IP) and the transmission control protocol (TCP). 3. The analyses of LAN: Ethernet. To provide basic understanding of Internet networking layers. To provide an

overview of the Application layer.

Outcomes: 1. Students understand elementary components of networks and the way networks work.

2. Students understand the architecture and characteristics of LANs. Understand the basic functionality of each of the Internet networking layers.

UNIT 1 Introduction: Network Hardware, Network Software, References Models. Examples of Networks: Novell Networks, ARPANET, Network Topologies, LAN, MAN, WAN. The Physical Layer: The Theoretical Basis for Data Communication Guided Transmission Media, Communication Satellites, The Public Switched Telephone Network- The Local Loop: Modern ADSL, and wireless, Trunks and Multiplexing and Switching. UNIT II

The Data Link Layer: Data link Layer Design Issues, Elementry Data Link Protocols, Sliding Window Protocols,Example Data Link Protocols. UNIT III The Medium Access Control Sublayer: The Channel allocation Problem, Multiple Access protocols, Ethernet- Ethernet Cabling, Manchester Encoding, The Ethernet MAC Sublayer

Protocol. The Binary Exponential Backoff Algorithm, Ethernet Performance, Switched Ethernet, Fast Ethernet. Wireless LANs- The 802.11 Protocol Stack, The 802.11 Physical Layer, The 802.11 MAC SubLayer Protocol, The 802.11 Frame Structure,Data Link layer Switching. UNIT IV The Network Layer: Network Layer Design Issues, Routing Algorithms, Congestion

Control Algorithms. UNIT V Internetworking, The Network Layer in the Internet. UNIT VI The Transport Layer: The Transport Service, Elements of Transport Protocols, The

Internet Transport Protocols: UDP, The Internet Transport Protocols: TCP. UNIT VII The Application Layer: DNS-The Domain Name System, Electronic Mail. The World Wide web, Multimedia. UNIT VIII

Network Security: Cryptography, Symmetric-Key Algorithms, Public-Key Algorithms, Digital Signatures. TEXT BOOKS:

1. Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Computer Networks, Fourth Edition, Pearson Education,2010.

REFERENCES:

1. Michael A. Gallo, William M. Hancock, Computer Communications and Networking Technologies, Cengage Learning.

2. Natalia Olifer, Victor Olifer, Computer Networks: Principles, Technologies and Protocols for Network Design, Wiley India.

3. Behrouz A. Forouzan, Data Communications and Networking, Fourth Edition, Tata McGraw Hill.

4. W.A.Shay, Understanding Communications and Networks, Third Edition, Cengage Learning.

5. Nader F. Mir, Computer and Communication Networks, Pearson Education.

6. James F.Kurose, K.W.Ross, Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach Featuring the Internet, Third Edition, Pearson Education.

7. G.S.Hura and M.Singhal, Data and Computer Communications, CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group.



12AEC34 DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING (Common to ECE & IT)

Objectives: The course will provide the student: 1. To introduce the basic concepts and methodologies for digital image processing.

Outcomes: After completion of this course the student will be able to know about

1. The fundamentals of Digital Image Processing. 2. The Various transforms used in Image Processing.

3. Tthe various techniques of Image Enhancement, Restoration, Compression and Segmentation.

UNIT-I DIGITAL IMAGE FUNDAMENTALS:

Image Sensing and Acquisition, Image Sampling & quantization, some basic Relationships between pixels. Mathematical tools used in digital image processing – array Vs matrix operations, linear Vs non linear operations, arithmetic operations, set and logical operations, spatial operations, vector and matrix operations, Probabilistic methods.

UNIT-II IMAGE TRANSFORMS:

2D-DFT and properties, Walsh Transform, Hadamard Transform, Discrete cosine Transform, Haar-Transform, Slant Transform, KL transform, comparison of different image transforms.

UNIT-III IMAGE ENHANCEMENT IN THE SPATIAL DOMAIN:

Basic Intensity transformations functions, histogram Processing, fundamentals of Spatial Filtering, Smoothing Spatial filters, Sharpening spatial filters, Combining spatial enhancement methods. UNIT-IV IMAGE ENHANCEMENT IN FREQUENCY DOMAIN:

Basics of filtering in frequency domain, additional characteristics of the frequency domain, correspondence between filtering in the spatial and frequency domains. Image smoothing using frequency domain filters, image sharpening using frequency domain filters – Gaussian High pass filters, Laplacian in the frequency domain, Homomorphic filtering.

UNIT-V IMAGE RESTORATION:

Noise models, Restoration in the presence of Noise only-spatial filtering, - mean, order- statistic and adaptive filters, Estimating the Degradation function, Inverse filtering, Weiner filtering, Constrained Least squares filtering.

UNIT-VI IMAGE SEGMENTATION:

Point, line and edge Detection, Thresholding, Region based segmentation, the use of motion in segmentation.

UNIT-VII IMAGE COMPRESSION:

Need for Image compression, Classification of Redundancy in Images, Image compression models, Classification of image compression schemes, Run length coding,

arithmetic coding, Block truncation coding, Dictionary based compression, transform

based compression, Image compression standards, Scalar quantization, vector quantization.

UNIT-VIII COLOR IMAGE PROCESSING:

Color models, pseudo color image processing, color transformations, Smoothing and sharpening, image segmentation based on color. TEXT BOOKS:

1. R. C .Gonzalez & R.E. Woods, Digital Image Processing-, Addison Wesley/Pearson education,

3rd Edition, 2010. 2. S. Jayaraman, S. Esakkirajan, T. Veerakumar, Digital Image processing, Tata McGraw Hill,

2010.

REFERENCES:

1. Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard E woods and Steven L. Eddins, Digital Image processing using

MATLAB, Tata McGraw Hill, 2010. 2. A .K. Jain, Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, PHI, 2006.



12AEC35 ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION

Objectives: The course will provide the student:

1. To learn Basic Electronic Measurement Concepts.

2. To know the importance of signal generators and signal analyzers in measurements, relevance of digital instruments in measurements and need for data acquisition systems.

3. To know the basic concepts of CRO and its various types.

Outcomes: On completion of the course the students will understand

1. The general electronic measurement principles and instrumentation techniques.

2. Various Bridges and its applications.

UNIT-I PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF INSTRUMENTS: Static characteristics, Accuracy, Precision, Resolution, Sensitivity, static and dynamic calibration, Errors in Measurement, and their statistical analysis, dynamic

characteristics-speed of Response, fidelity, Lag and dynamic error. DC voltmeters-multirange, range extension/solid state and differential voltmeters. AC voltmeters –multirange, range extension. Thermocouple type RF ammeter, ohm meters, series type, shunt type, multimeter for voltage, current and resistance measurements. UNIT-II SIGNAL GENERATOR: Introduction, fixed and variable, AF oscillators, function generators, pulse, random noise, sweep and arbitrary waveform generators, their standards, specifications and principles of working (Block diagram approach). UNIT-III ANALYZERS:

Wave analyzers, Harmonic distortion analyzers, FFT analyzers and Logic analyzers. UNIT-IV OSCILLOSCOPES-I: Standard specifications of CRO, CRT features, vertical and horizontal amplifiers, horizontal and vertical deflection systems, sweep trigger pulse, delay line, sync selector circuits, probes for CRO – active, passive and attenuator type, triggered sweep CRO, and Delayed sweep, dual trace/beam CRO, Measurement of amplitude, frequency and phase (Lissajous method). UNIT-V OSCILLOSCOPES-II: Principle of sampling oscilloscope, storage oscilloscope and digital storage oscilloscope, Digital frequency counter, time and period measurement, Digital Multimeter ( A to D

converter used in DMM and its principle). UNIT-VI BRIDGES: DC Bridges: Wheatstone bridge, Wein Bridge, errors and precautions in using bridges. AC bridges: Measurement of inductance-Maxwell’s bridge, Anderson Bridge. Measurement of capacitance- Schering Bridge. Kelvin Bridge, Q-meter, EMI and EMC, Interference and noise reduction techniques.

UNIT-VII SENSORS AND TRANSDUCERS Introduction: Active and Passive transducers, Measurement of displacement (Resistance, capacitance, inductance; LVDT), Force (strain gauges), Pressure (piezoelectric transducers), Temperature (resistance thermometers, thermocouples, and thermistors), Velocity, Acceleration, Vibration, pH measurement, Signal Conditioning Circuits. UNIT-VIII Data Acquisition System, Analogue and digital data recording techniques, strip chart and XY recording methods. Over view of PC Based Instrumentation.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. H.S.Kalsi, Electronic instrumentation, second edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 2008. 2. A.D. Helfrick and W.D. Cooper, Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement

Techniques, PHI, 5th Edition, 2006. 3. David A. Bell, Electronic Instrumentation & Measurements, PHI, 2nd Edition, 2005.

REFERENCES:

1. Ernest O Doebelin and Dhanesh N Manik, Measurement Systems Application and Design, TMH, 5th Edition, 2009.

2. Oliver and Cage, Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation, TMH. 3. Robert A.Witte, Electronic Test Instruments, Analog and Digital Measurements, Pearson

Education, 2nd Ed., 2004.



12AEC36 TELEVISION ENGINEERING (ELECTIVE-I)

Objectives: 1. To introduce the basics of different types of TV transmitter and receivers and their functions.

2. To aim at a comprehensive coverage of Television Systems with all the new developments in Television

Engineering.

Outcomes: On completion of the course the students will be able to:

1. Understand and analyze the Composite Video Signal.

2. Understand the construction of Television Picture Tubes and Television Camera Tubes. 4. Design Color TV Receiver systems.

UNIT-I INTRODUCTION:

TV transmitter and receivers, synchronization, Television pictures: Geometric form and aspect Ratio, image continuity, interlaced scanning, picture Resolution, composite video signal: Horizontal and vertical sync, Scanning sequence, color signal generation and encoding: perception of brightness and colors, additive color mixing, video signals for colors, Luminance signal, color difference signals, encoding of color difference signals, formation of Chrominance

signals, PAL encoder. UNIT-II TV SIGNAL TRANSMISSION AND PROPAGATION:

Picture signal transmission, positive and negative modulation, VSB transmission, sound signal transmission, standard channel BW, TV transmitter, TV signal propagation, Interference, TV broadcast channels, TV transmission antennas.

UNIT-III TV CAMERAS:

Camera tube types, Vidicon, silicon diode array vidicon, monochrome TV camera, color camera, CCD image sensors. UNIT-IV PICTURE TUBES:

Monochromatic picture tube, electrostatic focusing, beam deflection, picture tube characteristics and specifications, color picture tubes, TV standards: American 525 line B&W TV system, NTSC color system, 625-line monochrome system, bPAL color system, TV standards. UNIT-V TV RECEIVER: RF tuner, IF sub system, video amplifier, sound section, sync separation and processing, deflection circuits ,scanning circuits, PAL-D color receiver: electron tuners, IF sub system, Y-signal channel, Chroma decoder, separation of U & V color phasors, synchronous demodulators, sub carrier generation, Raster circuits. UNIT-VI VISION IF SUB SYSTEM:

AGC, Noise cancellation, video and inter carrier sound signal detection, vision IF sub system of Black & White receivers, color Receivers IF sub system. Receiver sound system: FM detection, FM sound detectors, typical applications.TV receiver tuners: tuner operation, VHF and UHF tuners, digital tuning techniques, Remote control of receiver functions.

UNIT-VII COLOR SIGNAL DECODING:

PAL-D decoder, chroma signal amplifiers, separation of U & V signals, color Burst separation, Burst phase discriminator, ACC amplifier, Reference Oscillator, Indent and color killer circuits, RO phase shift and 1800 PAL-switch circuitry, U & V demodulators, color signal mixing. UNIT-VIII SYNC.SEPARATION, AFC AND DEFLECTION OSCILLATORS:

Synchronous separation, K Noise in sync. Pulses, separation of frame and line sync. Pulses, AFC, single ended AFC circuit. Deflection oscillators, deflection drive IC’s, Receiver antennas, Digital TV digital satellite TV, direct to home satellite TV, digital TV receiver, digital terrestrial TV.

TEXT BOOKS: 1. R.R. Gulati, Modern Television Practice-Principles, Technology and Service, New Age

International publication, 2002. 2. R.R Gulati, Monochrome and Color TV, New Age International publication, 2002.

REFERENCES: 1. S.P.Bali, Color Television Theory and Practice, TMH, 1994. 2. A.M. Dhake, Television and Video Engineering, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill. 3. B.Grob and C.E.Herndon, Basic Television and Video Systems, Mc Graw Hill, 1999.



12AEC37 MICROCONTROLLERS & APPLICATIONS (ELECTIVE-I)

Objectives: 1. To study architecture and assembly language programming of microcontroller, interfacing of peripherals using assembly language programming.

Outcomes: Students will be able to

1. Differentiate between microprocessor and microcontroller. 2. Develop microcontroller programming, Design hardware and software for minimum microcontroller based

System.

3. Select best suited microcontroller for specified application.

UNIT I OVERVIEW OF ARCHITECTURE AND MICROCONTROLLER RESOURCES: Architecture of a microcontroller – Microcontroller resources – Resources in advanced and next generation microcontrollers – 8051 microcontroller – Internal and External memories – Counters and Timers – Synchronous serial-cum asynchronous serial communication - Interrupts.

UNIT II 8051 FAMILY MICROCONTROLLERS INSTRUCTION SET : Basic assembly language programming – Data transfer instructions – Data and Bit-manipulation instructions – Arithmetic instructions – Instructions for Logical operations, Internal RAM, and SFRs – Program flow control instructions – Interrupt control flow.

UNIT III REAL TIME CONTROL: INTERRUPTS: Interrupt handling structure of an MCU – Interrupt Latency and Interrupt deadline – Multiple sources of the interrupts – Non-maskable interrupt sources – Enabling or disabling of the sources – Polling to determine the interrupt source and assignment of the priorities among them – Interrupt structure in Intel 8051.

UNIT IV REAL TIME CONTROL: TIMERS: Programmable Timers in the MCU’s – Free running counter and real time control – Interrupt interval and density constraints. UNIT V SYSTEMS DESIGN : DIGITAL AND ANALOG INTERFACING METHODS : Switch, Keypad and Keyboard interfacings – LED and Array of LEDs – Keyboard-cum-Display controller

(8279) – Alphanumeric Devices – Display Systems and its interfaces – Printer interfaces – Programmable instruments interface using IEEE 488 Bus – Interfacing with the Flash Memory – Interfaces – Interfacing to High Power Devices – Analog input interfacing – Analog output interfacing – Optical motor shaft encoders – Industrial control – Industrial process control system – Prototype MCU based Measuring instruments. UNIT VI REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEM FOR MICROCONTROLLERS: Real Time operating system – RTOS of Keil (RTX51) – Use of RTOS in Design – Software development tools for Microcontrollers. UNIT VII

16-BIT MICROCONTROLLERS: Hardware – Memory map in Intel 80196 family MCU system – IO ports – Progammable Timers and High-speed outputs and input captures – Interrupts – instructions. UNIT VIII ARM 32 Bit MCUs: Introduction to 16/32 Bit processors – ARM architecture and organization – ARM / Thumb programming model – ARM / Thumb instruction set – Development tools.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Raj Kamal, Microcontrollers Architecture, Programming, Interfacing and System Design – Pearson Education, 2005. 2. Mazidi and Mazidi, The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems, PHI, 2000. 3. Ayala Kenneth J.The 8051 Microcontroller- Architecture, Programming and Applications, Delmar Publishers,Inc., India Reprint Penram.

REFERENCES:

1. A.V. Deshmukh, Microcontrollers (Theory & Applications), WTMH, 2005. 2. John B. Peatman, Design with PIC Microcontrollers, Pearson Education, 2005.



12AEC38 SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS

(ELECTIVE-I) Objectives: 1. To introduce the fundamental concept in the field of satellite communications.

2. To expose the students about placement of satellites in various orbits.. 3. To introduce the students about the earth and space subsystems.

Outcomes: At the end of this course students will gain knowledge in topics such as 1. Orbital aspects involved in satellite communication.

2. Power budget calculation. 3. Satellite system and services provided.

UNIT-I INTRODUCTION:

Origin of satellite communications, Historical background, basic concepts of satellite communications, frequency allocations for satellite services, applications, future trends

of satellite communications. UNIT-II ORBITAL MECHANICS AND LAUNCHERS:

Orbital Mechanics look angle determination, orbital perturbations, orbit determination, launches and launch vehicles, orbital effects in communication systems performance.

UNIT-III SATELLITE SUBSYSTEMS: Attitude and orbital control system, Telemetry, Tracking, command and monitoring, power systems, communication subsystems, satellite antenna equipment reliability and space qualification. UNIT-IV SATELLITE LINK DESIGN:

Basic transmission theory, system noise temperature and G/T ratio, design of down links, uplink design, design of satellite links for specified C/N, system design example. UNIT-V MULTIPLE ACCESS:

Frequency division multiple access (FDMA) Intermodulation, calculation of C/N, Time

Division multiple access (TDMA) frame structure, examples. Satellite switched TDMA onboard processing, DAMA, code division multiple access (CDMA), spread spectrum transmission and reception. UNIT-VI EARTH STATION TECHNOLOGY:

Introduction, transmitters, receivers, Antennas, tracking systems, terrestrial interface, primary power test methods. UNIT-VII LOW EARTH ORBIT AND GEO-STATIONARY SATELLITE SYSTEMS:

Orbit consideration, coverage and frequency considerations, delay and throughput considerations, system considerations, operational NGSO constellation designs.

UNIT-VIII

SATELLITE NAVIGATION & THE GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM:

Radio and satellite navigation, GPS position location principles, GPS receivers and codes, satellite signal acquisition, GPS navigation message, GPS signal levels, GPS receiver operation, GPS C/A code accuracy, differential GPS. TEXT BOOKS:

1. Timothi Pratt, Charles Bostian and Jeremy Allnutt, Satellite communications, WSE, Wiley publications, 2nd Edition, 2009.

2. Wilbur L.Prichard, Robert A. Nelson & Henry G.Suyderhoud, Satellite communications Engineering, 2nd Edition, Pearson Publications, 2010.

REFERENCES:

1. M. Richharia, BS publications, Satellite Communications: Design principles, 2nd Edition, 2003.

2. D.C.Agarwal, Satellite Communications, Khanna publications, 5th Ed 2006. 3. Dennis Roddy, Satellite Communications, McGraw Hill, 2nd Edition, 2007.



12AEC39 DSP PROCESSORS AND ARCHITECTURES

(ELECTIVE-II) Objectives: 1. The purpose of this course is to introduce the concepts of DSP Processor and its architectures.

.

Outcomes: At the end of this course, the students will be able to understand about the

1. DSP Processor- TMS320C544XX. 2. Implementation of basic DSP algorithms using DSP Processors.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO PRGRAMMABLE DSPs:

Multiplier & Multiplier accumulator, Modified bus structures & memory access schemes in P – DSPs, Multiple access memory, Multi ported memory, VLIW architecture, Pipelining, Special addressing modes in P–DSPs, On chip peripherals.

UNIT II COMPUTATIONAL ACCURACY IN DSP IMPLEMENTATIONS:

Number formats for signals and coefficients in DSP systems, Dynamic Range and Precision, Sources of error in DSP implementations, A/D Conversion errors, DSP Computational errors, D/A Conversion Errors, Compensating filter. UNIT III ARCHITECTURES FOR PROGRAMMABLE DSP DEVICES:

Basic Architectural features, DSP Computational Building Blocks, Bus Architecture and Memory, Data Addressing Capabilities, Address Generation Unit, Programmability and Program Execution, Speed Issues, Features for External interfacing. UNIT IV PROGRAMMABLE DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSORS:

Commercial Digital signal-processing Devices, Data Addressing modes of TMS320C54XX DSPs, Data Addressing modes of TMS320C54XX Processors, Memory space of TMS320C54XX Processors, Program Control, TMS320C54XX instructions and Programming, On-Chip Peripherals, Interrupts of TMS320C54XX processors, Pipeline Operation of TMS320C54XX Processors. UNIT V IMPLEMENTATIONS OF BASIC DSP ALGORITHMS:

The Q-notation, FIR Filters, IIR Filters, Interpolation Filters, Decimation Filters, PID Controller, Adaptive Filters, 2-D Signal Processing. UNIT VI IMPLEMENTATION OF FFT ALGORITHMS:

FFT Algorithm for DFT Computation, Butterfly Computation, Overflow and scaling, Bit-Reversed index generation, 8-Point FFT implementation on the TMS320C54XX, Computation of the signal spectrum. UNIT VII INTERFACING MEMORY AND I/O PERIPHERALS TO PROGRAMMABLE DSP DEVICES:

Memory space organization, External bus interfacing signals, Memory interface, Parallel I/O interface, Programmed I/O, Interrupts and I/O, Direct memory access (DMA).

Multichannel buffered serial port (McBSP), McBSP Programming, CODEC interface circuit, CODEC programming, CODEC-DSP interface example. UNIT VIII RECENT TRENDS IN DSP SYSTEM DESIGN:

Over-view of the application nodes on DSP systems, Over-view of open multimedia applications platform (OMAP), Introduction to FPGA, Design flow for an FPGA based system design, Cad tools for FPGA based system design, soft core processors, FPGA based DSP system design, New algorithms for Implementation of filters in VLSI, Distributed arithmetic algorithm, Case studies, Comparison of the performances of the systems designed using FPGAs and digital signals processors.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Avtar Singh and S. Srinivasan, Digital Signal Processing, Thomson Publications, 2004. 2. B. Venkata Ramani and M. Bhaskar, Digital Signal Processors, Architecture, Programming

and Applications, TMH, 2004.

REFERENCES:

1. Jonathan Stein, Digital Signal Processing, John Wiley, 2005. 2. Lapsley et al, DSP Processor Fundamentals, Architectures & Features, S. Chand & Co, 2000.



12AEC40 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

(ELECTIVE-II) Objectives: 1. To understand the concept of embedded system and their application.

2. To study Hardware, Software architecture of ES and architecture of Real Time Operating Systems (RTOS).

Outcomes: Students will be able to 1. State the differences between general purpose computer system and ES.

2. Know the Applications of ES in various fields and hardware and software architecture of ES. 3. Know the Difference between general OS and RTOS and also functions of kernel.

UNIT- I OVERVIEW OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM

Embedded System, types of Embedded System, Requirements of Embedded System, Issues in Embedded software development, Applications.

UNIT-II PROCESSOR & MEMORY ORGANIZATION

Structural units in a processor, Processor selection, Memory devices, Memory selection, Memory Allocation & Map; Interfacing UNIT-III DEVICES & BUSES FOR DEVICE NETWORKS

I/O devices, Timer & Counter devices, Serial Communication, Communication between devices using different buses. UNIT-IV DEVICE DRIVERS AND INTERRUPT SERVICING MECHANISM

Device drives, Parallel and serial port device drives in a system, Interrupt servicing mechanism, context and periods for context switching, Deadline and Interrupt Latency. UNIT V PROGRAM MODELING CONCEPTS

Program elements, Modeling Processes for Software Analysis, Programming Models, Modeling of Multiprocessor Systems.

UNIT VI SOFTWARE ENGINEERING PRACTICES

Software algorithm Concepts, design, implementation, testing, validating, debugging, Software Management and maintenance. UNIT-VII HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE CO-DESIGN

Embedded system design and co design issues in software development, design cycle in development phase for Embedded System, Use of ICE & Software tools for development of ES, Issues in embedded system design. UNIT VIII RTOS

OS Services, I/O Sub Systems, Real Time and Embedded Systems OS, Interrupt

routines in RTOS Environment, RTOS Task Scheduling Models.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Rajkamal, Embedded Systems: Architecture, Programming and Design, 2nd Edition, TMGH, 2008.

2. DreamTech Software Team, Programming for Embedded System, John Wiley, 2008. REFERENCES:

1. Subrata Ghoshal, Embedded Systems & Robots, CENGAGE Learning Asia,2009. Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering and Technology, Chittoor.


12AEC41 NEURAL NETWORKS AND FUZZY LOGIC

(ELECTIVE-II) Objectives:

1. To introduce the fundamentals of Artificial Neural Networks and their Applications. 2. To introduce the Supervised and Unsupervised Learning Models of ANN.

3. To introduce the Concept of Evolutionary Optimization.

Outcomes: Upon completion of the course, the student shall be able to

1. Understand the significance of ANNs to solve non linear problems.

2. Use ANNs for different applications.

UNIT – I: INTRODUCTION TO NEURAL NETWORKS Introduction, Humans and Computers, Organization of the Brain, Biological Neuron, Biological and Artificial Neuron Models, Hodgkin-Huxley Neuron Model, Integrate-and-Fire Neuron Model,

Spiking Neuron Model, Characteristics of ANN, McCulloch-Pitts Model, Historical Developments, Potential Applications of ANN. UNIT- II: ESSENTIALS OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS

Artificial Neuron Model, Operations of Artificial Neuron, Types of Neuron Activation Function, ANN Architectures, Classification Taxonomy of ANN – Connectivity, Neural Dynamics (Activation

and Synaptic), Learning Strategy (Supervised, Unsupervised, Reinforcement), Learning Rules, Types of Application. UNIT–III: SINGLE LAYER FEED FORWARD NEURAL NETWORKS Introduction, Perceptron Models: Discrete, Continuous and Multi-Category, Training Algorithms:

Discrete and Continuous Perceptron Networks, Perceptron Convergence theorem, Limitations of the Perceptron Model, Applications. UNIT- IV: MULTILAYER FEED FORWARD NEURAL NETWORKS

Credit Assignment Problem, Generalized Delta Rule, Derivation of Backpropagation (BP) Training, Summary of Backpropagation Algorithm, Kolmogorov Theorem, Learning Difficulties and Improvements. UNIT V: ASSOCIATIVE MEMORIES Paradigms of Associative Memory, Pattern Mathematics, Hebbian Learning, General Concepts of Associative Memory (Associative Matrix, Association Rules, Hamming Distance, The Linear Associator, Matrix Memories, Content Addressable Memory), Bidirectional Associative Memory

(BAM) Architecture, BAM Training Algorithms: Storage and Recall Algorithm, BAM Energy Function, Proof of BAM Stability Theorem Architecture of Hopfield Network: Discrete and Continuous versions, Storage and Recall Algorithm, Stability Analysis, Capacity of the Hopfield Network Summary and Discussion of Instance/Memory Based Learning Algorithms, Applications. UNIT – VI: CLASSICAL & FUZZY SETS

Introduction to classical sets - properties, Operations and relations; Fuzzy sets, Membership, Uncertainty, Operations, properties, fuzzy relations, cardinalities, membership functions. UNIT VII: FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEM COMPONENTS Fuzzification, Membership value assignment, development of rule base and decision making system, Defuzzification to crisp sets, Defuzzification methods. UNIT VIII: APPLICATIONS

Neural network applications: Process identification, control, fault diagnosis and load forecasting.

Fuzzy logic applications: Fuzzy logic control and Fuzzy classification. TEXT BOOKS: 1. Rajasekharan and Rai, Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, Genetic Algorithms: Synthesis and Applications, PHI Publications, 2006. 2. S.N.Sivanandam, S.Sumathi, S.N.Deepa Introduction to Neural Networks using MATLAB 6.0,

TMH, 2008. REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. James A Freeman and Davis Skapura, Neural Networks, Algorithms,Applications and

Programming Techniques, Pearson Education, 2008. 2. Simon Haykin, Neural Networks, Pearson Education. 3. C.Eliasmith and C.H.Anderson, Neural Engineering, PHI. 4. Bart Kosko, Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic System, PHI Publications.


L T P C B.Tech- IV Year-I Sem ECE - - 3 2

12AEC42 MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL COMMUNICATION LAB

Note: Minimum Ten Experiments to be conducted

(Minimum Seven from Part A and Three from Part B)

Part – A

1. Reflex Klystron Characteristics.

2. Gunn Diode Characteristics.

3. Attenuation Measurement.

4. Directional Coupler Characteristics.

5. VSWR Measurement.

6. Impedance Measurement.

7. Waveguide parameters measurement.

8. Scattering parameters of Directional Coupler.

9. Scattering parameters of Magic Tee.

Part – B

1. Characterization of LED.

2. Characterization of Laser Diode.

3. Intensity modulation of Laser output through an optical fiber.

4. Measurement of Data rate for Digital Optical link.

5. Measurement of NA.

6. Measurement of losses for Analog Optical link.



B.Tech- IV Year-I Sem ECE - - 3 2

12AEC43 DSP LAB

1. To study the architecture of DSP chips – TMS 320C 5X/6X Instructions.

2. Compute linear convolution using CC Studio and verify using MATLAB.

3. Compute circular convolution using CC Studio and verify using MATLAB.

4. To design FIR filter (LP/HP) using windowing technique

a) Using rectangular window

b) Using triangular window

c) Using Hamming window

5. To Implement IIR filter (LP/HP) on DSP Processors.

6. Implement N-point FFT algorithm and verify using MATLAB.

7. MATLAB program to generate sum of sinusoidal signals.

8. To compute Auto-Correlation/Cross-Correlation.

9. MATLAB program to find frequency response of analog LP/HP filters.

10. To compute power density spectrum of a sequence.

11. To find the FFT of given 1-D signal and plot.

12. To Compute DFT and IDFT of the given Sequence.


L T P C B.Tech- IV Year-I Sem ECE - - - 2

12AEC44 MINI PROJECT


L T P C B.Tech- IV Year-II Sem ECE 4 1 - 4

12AEC45 CELLULAR AND MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS

Objectives: 1. To illustrate the cellular concept in mobile communication. 2. To apply the cellular concept to improve capacity in cellular systems with limited radio spectrum.

3. To understand GSM architecture and various multiple access schemes.

Outcomes: On completion of the course the student will be able to 1. Understand cellular concept in mobile communication systems.

2. Analyze the significance of improving capacity in cellular systems with limited radio spectrum.

3. Understand the concept of radio wave propagation to calculate the link power budget.

UNIT I CELLULAR MOBILE RADIO SYSTEMS:

Introduction to Cellular Mobile system, performance criteria, uniqueness of mobile radio environment, operation of cellular systems, Hexagonal shaped cells, Analog and Digital Cellular systems. UNIT II ELEMENTS OF CELLULAR RADIO SYSTEM DESIGN:

General description of the problem, concept of frequency channels, Co-channel Interference Reduction Factor, desired C/I from a normal case in a Omni directional Antenna system, Cell splitting, consideration of the components of cellular system.

UNIT III INTERFERENCE:

Introduction to Co-channel interference, real time co-channel interference, Co-channel measurement, design of Antenna system, Antenna parameters and their effects, diversity receiver, non-co-channel interference-different types.

UNIT IV CELL COVERAGE FOR SIGNAL AND TRAFFIC:

Signal reflections in flat and hilly terrain, effect of human made structures, phase difference between direct and reflected paths, constant standard deviation, straight line path loss slope, general formula for mobile propagation over water and flat open area, near and long distance propagation antenna height gain, form of a point to point model.

UNIT V CELL SITE AND MOBILE ANTENNAS:

Sum and difference patterns and their synthesis, Omni directional antennas, directional antennas for interference reduction, space diversity antennas, umbrella pattern antennas, minimum separation of cell site antennas, high gain antennas. UNIT VI FREQUENCY MANAGEMENT AND CHANNEL ASSIGNMENT:

Numbering and grouping, setup access and paging channels channel assignments to cell sites and mobile units, channel sharing and borrowing, sectorization, overlaid cells, non fixed channel assignment. UNIT VII HANDOFF:

Handoff, dropped calls and cell splitting, types of handoff, handoff invitation, delaying handoff, forced handoff, mobile assigned handoff. Intersystem handoff, cell splitting, micro cells, vehicle locating methods, dropped call rates and their evaluation. UNIT VIII DIGITAL CELLULAR NETWORKS:

GSM architecture, GSM channels, multiple access scheme, TDMA, CDMA. TEXT BOOKS:

1. W .C. Y. Lee, Mobile Cellular Telecommunications, Tata Mc-Graw Hill, 2nd Edition, 2006. 2. Theodore. S. Rappaport, Wireless Communications, Pearson Education, 2nd Edition, 2002.

REFERENCES:

1. Gordon L. Stuber, Principles of Mobile communications, Springer International 2nd Edition, 2007.

2. Lee, Wireless and Mobile Communications, Mc Graw Hills, 3rd Edition, 2006. 3. Jon W.Mark and Weihua Zhqung, Wireless communications and Networking, PHI, 2005. 4. R.Blake, Wireless Communication Technology, Thompson Asia Pvt. Ltd., 2004.



12AEC46 ROBOTICS

(ELECTIVE-III) Objectives: 1. To inculcate the student to understand the components of a robotics and capability for designing from a

system approach.

Outcomes: On completion of the course the student will be able

1. To know the importance of various sensors in Robotics. 2. To know about various applications of Robot.

UNIT-I INTRODUCTION: Automation and Robotics, An Overview of Robotics, Current and Future Applications, Classification by Coordinate System and Control Method.

UNIT-II CONTROL OF ACTUATORS IN ROBOTIC MECHANISMS:

Closed Loop Control in a Position Servo, Effect of Friction and Gravity, Frequency Domain Considerations, Control of Robotic Joints, Stepper Motors, Hydraulic Actuators and Pneumatic Systems and Servo Amplifiers. UNIT-III ROBOTIC SENSORY DEVICES:

Non-Optical Position Sensors, Velocity Sensors, Accelerometers, Proximity Sensors, Noncontact Proximity Sensors, Touch and Slip Sensors, Force and Torque Sensors, Speaker and Microphone. UNIT-IV VISION FOR ROBOTIC SYSTEM: Imaging Components, Image Representation, Hardware considerations, Picture Coding, Object Reorganization and Categorization, Software considerations, Need for Vision Training and Adaptation, Review of existing systems. UNIT-V COMPUTER CONSIDERATIONS FOR ROBOTIC SYSTEMS: Architectural considerations, Hardware considerations, Computational elements in Robotic Applications, Real Time considerations, Robot Programming, Path Planning, The Robot’s Computer System. UNIT-VI TRANSFORMATIONS AND KINEMATICS: Specifications of Matrices, D-H notation Joint coordinates and World coordinates Forward

and Inverse Kinematics – problems. UNIT-VII COMPONENTS OF THE INDUSTRIAL ROBOT: Functional line diagram, Representation of Robot Arms, Common types of Arms, Components, Architecture, Number of degrees of freedom, Requirements and Challenges of End Effectors, Determination of End Effectors, Comparison of Electric, Hydraulic and

Pneumatic types of Locomotion Devices, Motion Analysis: Homogeneous transformations as applicable to rotation and translation – problems. UNIT-VIII ROBOT APPLICATION:

Material Transfer, Material Handling, Loading and Unloading-Processing, Spot and Continuous Arc Welding, Electronic Assembly, Inspection and Testing. TEXT BOOKS:

1. Richard D. Klafter, Thomas A.Chmielewski, Michael Negin, “Robotic Engineering: An Integrated Approach”, Prentice- Hall, lnc., Englewood cliffs, NJ, USA, April, 2004. 2. Robert J. Schilling, “Fundamentals of Robotics: Analysis and Control” Prentice Hall, 2006. REFERENCES: 1. Groover.M. P., “Industrial Robotics”, McGraw-Hill, 2008. 2. Haruhiko Asada, Jean-Jacques E. Slotine, “Robot Analysis and Intelligence”, Wiley- IEEE, 1986. 3. John J Craig, “Introduction to Robotics”, 3rd edition, Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2005.



12AEC47 SPREAD SPECTRUM COMMUNICATIONS (ELECTIVE-III)

Objectives: 1. Employ the concept of spread spectrum techniques in digital communication.

2. Appraise the direct sequence spread spectrum techniques in digital modulation. 3. Design a PN sequence generator for direct sequence spread spectrum using shift registers.

Outcomes: After completion of the course the student will be able to 1. Analyze direct sequence and frequency hop spread spectrum techniques.

2. Describe the hybrid direct sequence and frequency hop spread spectrum system. 3. Design of shift registers to generate PN sequence in direct sequence spread spectrum.

UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF SPREAD SPECTRUM:

General concepts, Direct sequence (DS), Pseudo Noise (PN), Frequency Hopping, Time Hopping, Comparison of Modulation methods, Hybrid Spread spectrum systems, Chirp spread spectrum, Baseband modulation techniques. UNIT II ANALYSIS OF DIRECT SEQUENCE SPREAD SPECTRUM SYSTEMS:

Properties of PN sequences, Classes of periodic sequences, Properties of m sequences,

Partial Co–relation, PN signal from PN sequences, Partial co – relation of PN signals, The PN Signal, De-spreading the PN signal, Interference rejection, Output signal to noise ratio, Antijam characteristics, Interception, Energy bandwidth efficiency. UNIT III ANALYSIS OF AVOIDANCE – TYPE SPREAD SPECTRUM SYSTEMS:

The frequency hopped signal, Interference rejection in a frequency hopping receiver, the

time hopped signal. UNIT IV GENERATION OF SPREAD SPECTRUM SIGNALS:

Shift register sequence generators, Discrete frequency synthesizers, SAW device PN generators, Charge coupled devices, Digital tapped delay lines. UNIT V DETECTION OF SPREAD SPECTRUM SIGNALS - TRACKING:

Coherent direct sequence receivers, other method of carrier tracking, Delay lock loop analysis, Tau – Dither loop, Coherent carrier tracking, Non coherent frequency hop receiver. UNIT VI DETECTION OF SPREAD SPECTRUM SIGNALS - ACQUISITION:

Acquisition of spread spectrum signals, Acquisition cell by cell searching, Reduction of acquisition time, Acquisition with matched filters, Matched filters for PN sequences, Matched filters for frequency hopped signals, Matched filters with acquisition - aiding waveform. UNIT VII APPLICATION OF SPREAD SPECTRUM TO COMMUNICATIONS:

General capabilities of spread spectrum, Multiple access considerations, Energy and bandwidth efficiency in multiple access, Selective calling and Identification, Antijam considerations, Error correction coding, Intercept consideration (AI), Miscellaneous considerations, Examples of spread spectrum systems. UNIT VIII CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS DIGITAL CELLULAR SYSTEMS:

Introduction, Cellular radio concept, CDMA Digital cellular systems, Specific examples of CDMA digital cellular systems. TEXT BOOKS:

1. George. R. Cooper and Clare D. McGillem, Modern Communications and Spread Spectrum, McGraw Hill Book Company.

2. Roger L. Peterson, Rodger E. Ziemer & David E. Borth, Introduction to Spread Spectrum Communications, Prentice Hall 1995.

REFERENCES:

1. Dr. Kamilo Feher, Wireless Digital Communications – Modulation & Spread Spectrum Applications, PHI, 1999.

2. Upena Dalal, Wireless Communication, Oxford Higher Education, 2009. 3. Andrea Goldsmith, Wireless Communications, Cambridge University Press, 2005.



12AEC48 BIO-MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION (ELECTIVE-III)

Objectives: The purpose of this course is to introduce the students

1. To the basics of Electro-physiology and its measurements, non-electrical parameters related to various

systems of human body and their measurements.

2. About Electrodes and Transducers used in bio signal acquisition.

3. To various Medical Imaging Techniques used for diagnosis along with other diagnostic and therapeutic devices

Outcomes: After the successful completion of the course the student will be able:

1. To understand the Origin of Bioelectric potential and their measurements using appropriate electrodes

and transducers. 2. To understand the Electro-physiology of various systems and recording of the bioelectric signals.

3. To understand the working principles of various Imaging techniques.

UNIT I Elementary ideas of Cell Structure, Heart and Circulatory System, Control Nervous System. Components of Medical Instrumentation System, Bio – amplifier, Static and dynamic

characteristics of medical instruments, Biosignals and characteristics, Problems encountered with measurements from human beings. UNIT II Organisation of Cell, Derivation of Nernst equation for Membrane Resting Potential Generation and Propagation of Action Potential, Conduction through Nerve to Neuro-Muscular Junction. UNIT III Bio Electrodes, Biopotential Electrodes-External Electrodes, Internal Electrodes, Biochemical Electrodes. UNIT IV

Mechanical function, Electrical Conduction System of the Heart, Cardiac cycle, Relation between electrical and mechanical activities of the heart. UNIT V Cardiac Instrumentation Blood pressure and Blood flow measurement, Specification of ECG machine, Einthoven triangle, Standard 12-lead configurations, Interpretation of ECG waveform with respect to electro mechanical activity of the heart, Therapeutic equipment, Pacemaker, Defibrillator, Shortwave diathermy, Hemodialysis machine. UNIT VI Neuro-Muscular Instrumentation Specification of EEG and EMG machines, Electrode placement for EEG and EMG recording, Interpretation of EEG and EMG. UNIT VII

Respiratory Instrumentation Mechanism of respiration, Spirometry, Pnemuotachograph Ventilators. UNIT VIII Patient electrical safety, types of hazards, natural protective mechanism, leakage current, patient isolation, hazards in operation rooms, grounding conditions in hospital environment.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Leslie Cromwell and F.J. Weibell, E.A. Pfeiffer, Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurements, PHI, 2nd Ed, 2011.

2. John G. Webster, Medical Instrumentation, Application and Design, John Wiley, 4th Ed., 2010.

REFERENCES:

1. L.A. Geoddes and L.E. Baker, Principles of Applied Biomedical Instrumentation, John Wiley, 2002.

2. R.S. Khandpur, Hand-book of Biomedical Instrumentation, TMH, 2nd Edition, 2003. 3. Mackay, Stuart. R, Biomedical Telemetry, John Wiley, 2nd Edition, 2000.


(Autonomous) L T P C B.Tech- IV Year-II Sem ECE 4 1 - 4

12AEC49 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS (ELECTIVE-IV)

Objectives: 1. To understand the basic principles of wireless communication. 2. To provide an overview of practical wireless cellular communication systems.

3. To provide the basic background in wireless communications that will allow them to practice in this field and that will form the foundation for more advanced courses in related areas.

Outcomes: On Completion of the Course , the student will be able to understand and gain complete knowledge about 1. Basic wireless, cellular concepts.

2. Mobile Channels. 3. Standards 1G, 2G, 3G Basic system available.

UNIT I MULTIPLE ACCESS TECHNIQUES FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION: Introduction, FDMA, TDMA, Spread Spectrum Multiple Access, SDMA, Packet radio, Packet radio protocols, CSMA protocols, Reservation protocols.

UNIT II INTRODUCTION TO WIRELESS NETWORKING:

Introduction, Difference between wireless and fixed telephone networks, Development of wireless networks(1G,2G and 3G), Traffic routing in wireless networks. UNIT III WIRELESS DATA SERVICES:

CDPD, ARDIS, RMD, Common Channel Signaling, ISDN, BISDN and ATM, SS7, SS7 user part, signaling traffic in SS7. UNIT IV MOBILE IP AND WIRELESS ACCESS PROTOCOL:

Mobile IP, Operation of mobile IP, Co-located address, Registration, Tunneling, WAP

Architecture, overview, WML scripts, WAP service, WAP session protocol, wireless transaction, Wireless datagram protocol. UNIT V WIRELESS LAN TECHNOLOGY:

Infrared LANs, Spread spectrum LANs, Narrow band microwave LANs, IEEE 802 protocol Architecture, IEEE 802.11 architecture and services, 802.11 medium access control,

802.11 physical layer. UNIT VI BLUE TOOTH:

Overview, Radio specification, Base band specification, Links manager specification, Logical link control and adaptation protocol, Introduction to WLL Technology.

UNIT VII

MOBILE DATA NETWORKS:

Introduction, Data oriented CDPD Network, GPRS and higher data rates, Short messaging service in GSM, Mobile application protocol. UNIT VIII WIRELESS ATM & HIPER LAN:

Introduction, Wireless ATM, HIPERLAN, Adhoc Networking and WPAN. TEXT BOOKS:

1. Theodore S. Rappaport, Wireless Communications, Principles, Practice, PHI, 2nd Edition,

2009. 2. William Stallings, Wireless Communication and Networking, PHI, 2009.

REFERENCES:

1. Kamilo Feher, Wireless Digital Communications, PHI, 1999. 2. Kaveh Pah Laven and P. Krishna Murthy, Principles of Wireless Networks, Pearson

Education, 2002. 3. Andreaws F. Molisch, Wireless Communications, Wiley India, 2006. 4. Dharma Prakash Agarwal, Qing-An Zeng, Introduction to Wireless and Mobile Systems,

Thomson 2nd Edition, 2006.



12AEC50 DIGITAL DESIGN THROUGH VERILOG (ELECTIVE-IV)

Objectives: 1. Apply the concept of Microelectronic design styles, semiconductor technologies and computer aided

synthesis and optimization. 2. Simulate the HDL model of digital circuits for functionality.

3. Snthesize the HDL model of digital circuits for functionality.

Outcomes: On completion of the course the student will be able to

1. Recognize the fast growing area of design automation. 2. Employ the knowledge of data structures and algorithms in modern logic synthesis tools.

3. Write Verilog code for Simulation & Synthesis.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO VERILOG:

Verilog as HDL, Levels of Design Description, Concurrency, Simulation and Synthesis, Functional Verification, System Tasks, Programming Language Interface(PLI), Module, Simulation and Synthesis Tools and Test Benches. LANGUAGE CONSTRUCTS AND CONVENTIONS:

Introduction, Keywords, Identifiers, Whitespace Characters, Comments, Numbers, Strings, Logic Values, Data Types, Scalars and Vectors, Parameters, Memory, Operators

and System Tasks. UNIT II GATE LEVEL MODELLING:

Introduction, AND Gate Primitive, Module Structure, Other Gate Primitives, Illustrative Examples, Tristate Gates, Array of instances of Primitives, Additional Examples, Design of Flip flops with Gate Primitives, Delays, Strengths and Contention Resolution, Net

Types and Design of basic circuits. UNIT III BEHAVIORAL MODELLING:

Introduction, Operations and Assignments, Functional Bifurcation, Initial Construct, Always Construct, Examples, Assignments with delays, Wait Construct, Multiple Always blocks, Designs at Behavioral Level, Blocking and Non-blocking Assignments, The Case Statement, Simulation Flow, If and If-Else Constructs, Assign and De-assign Construct, Repeat Construct, FOR loop, The Disable Construct, While loop, Forever loop, Parallel blocks, Force-Release Construct and Event. UNIT IV MODELLING AT DATAFLOW LEVEL:

Introduction, Continuous Assignment Structures, Delays and Continuous Assignments,

Assignment to Vectors and Operators. SWITCH LEVEL MODELLING: Introduction, Basic Transistor Switches, CMOS Switch, Bidirectional gates, Time Delays with Switch Primitives, Instantiations with Strengths and Delays, Strength Contention with Tri-reg nets. UNIT V SYSTEM TASKS, FUNCTIONS AND COMPILER DIRECTIVES:

Introduction, Parameters, Path Delays, Module Parameters, System Tasks and Functions, File–Based Tasks and Functions, Compiler Directives and Hierarchical Access. FUNCTIONS, TASKS, AND USER-DEFINED PRIMITIVES: Introduction, Function, Tasks, User- Defined Primitives (UDP), FSM Design (Moore and Mealy Machines). UNIT VI DIGITAL DESIGN WITH SM CHARTS:

State Machine Charts, Derivation of SM Charts, Realization of SM Charts,

Implementation of the Dice Game, Alternative realizations for SM Charts using Microprogramming and Linked State Machines. UNIT VII DESIGNING WITH PROGRAMMABLE GATE ARRAYS AND COMPLEX PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC DEVICES:

Xilinx 3000 Series FPGAs, Designing with FPGAs, Using a One-Hot State Assignment, Altera Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs), Altera 7000 and Altera FLEX 10K Series CPLDs. UNIT VIII VERILOG MODELS:

Static RAM Memory, A simplified 486 Bus Model, Interfacing Memory to a Microprocessor Bus and UART Design.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. T.R. Padmanabhan and B. Bala Tripura Sundari, Design through Verilog HDL, WSE, IEEE Press, 2004.

2. J. Bhasker, A Verilog Primer, BSP, 2008.

REFERENCES:

1. Stephen. Brown and Zvonko Vranesic, Fundamentals of Logic Design with Verilog, TMH, 2005.

2. Michael D. Ciletti, Advanced Digital Design with Verilog HDL, PHI, 2005. 3. Charles H. Roth Jr., Digital System Design Using VHDL, PWS Publications, 2nd edition, 2008.



12AEC51 ADAPTIVE FILTER THEORY (ELECTIVE-IV)

Objectives:

1. To have an overview of various filters. 2. To familiarize with various algorithms.

Outcomes Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able

1. To know about different mathematical models for stochastic signals. 2. To formulate Minimum Mean Square problems and obtain their closed form solutions such as wiener filter.

3. Formulate different multivariable constrained or unconstrained optimization problems and their solutions.

UNIT – I INTRODUCTION

The filtering problem, Adaptive filters, Linear Filter Structures, Approaches to the development of Linear Filtering algorithms, Real and Complex forms of Adaptive filters, Applications. UNIT – II STATIONARY PROCESSES AND MODELS

Partial characterization of a discrete–time stochastic process, Mean ergodic theorem, Correlation matrix and its properties, Stochastic models, Wold decomposition, Yule-Walker Equations, Complex Gaussian processes. UNIT – III EIGEN ANALYSIS

The Eigen value problem, Properties of Eigen values and eigenvectors, Low-rank modeling, Eigen filters, Eigen value computations. UNIT – IV WIENER FILTERS

Linear optimum filtering, Principle of orthogonality, Minimum mean squared error, Wiener-Hopf equations, Error performance surface, Channel Equalization, Linearly constrained minimum variance filter. UNIT – V LINEAR PREDICTION

Forward, and backward linear prediction, Properties of Prediction error filters, Autoregressive Modeling of stationary stochastic process, Cholesky factorization, Lattice Predictors.

UNIT – VI KALMAN FILTERS

Recursive Minimum mean square estimation for scalar random variables, Statement of the Kalman filtering problem, Estimation of the state using the innovations process, Filtering, initial conditions, summary of the Kalman filter. UNIT – VII LINEAR ADAPTIVE FILTERING - I

Steepest Descent algorithm, characterization of the AR process, Least Mean Squared (LMS) algorithm, Stability and performance analysis of the LMS algorithm, Summary of the LMS algorithm. UNIT – VIII LINEAR ADAPTIVE FILTERING – II

Method of Least Squares, Statement of the linear Least Squares- Estimation Problem, Data windowing, Principle of orthogonality, Singular value decomposition, Recursive Least Squares (RLS) algorithm, the matrix inverse lemma, exponentially weighted recursive least squares algorithm, time update of the tap weight vector, summary of RLS algorithm. TEXT BOOKS:

1. Simon Haykin, Adaptive Filter Theory, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 4rd Edition, 2009. 2. Bernard Widrow and Samuel D. Stearns, Adaptive Signal Processing, Prentice Hall, New

Jersey, 2006.

REFERENCES: 1. John R. Treichler, C. R. Johnson, Jr., and M. G. Larimore, Theory and Design of Adaptive

Filters, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 2009. 2. Alexander D. Poularikas, Zayed M. Ramadan, Adaptive Filtering Primer with MATLAB, Taylor

and Francis A CRC Press, N Y, 2006. 3. Antoniou, Adaptive Filter Design, John Wiley and Sons, New York, Inc., 2007.

http://www.google.co.in/search?hl=en&biw=1280&bih=909&q=inauthor:%22Alexander+D.+Poularikas%22&sa=X&ei=ACC8TLv0Io7BcbnKwLoM&ved=0CBwQ9Ag

http://www.google.co.in/search?hl=en&biw=1280&bih=909&q=inauthor:%22Zayed+M.+Ramadan%22&sa=X&ei=ACC8TLv0Io7BcbnKwLoM&ved=0CB0Q9Ag



12AEC52 RADAR SYSTEMS (ELECTIVE-V)

Objectives 1. To introduce the fundamental concepts of RADAR.

2. To expose the students to different types of RADAR systems.

Outcomes: On completion of the course the student will be able to know about the

1. Fundamentals of RADAR. 2. Different types of RADAR and their working.

UNIT I BASICS OF RADAR:

Introduction, Maximum Unambiguous Range, Simple form of Radar Equation, Radar Block Diagram and Operation, Radar Frequencies and Applications, Prediction of Range Performance, Minimum Detectable Signal, Receiver Noise, Modified Radar Range Equation, Illustrative Problems.

UNIT II RADAR EQUATION:

SNR, Envelope Detector, False Alarm Time and Probability, Integration of Radar Pulses, Radar Cross Section of Targets (simple targets - sphere, cone-sphere), Transmitter Power, PRF and Range Ambiguities, System Losses (qualitative treatment), Illustrative Problems. UNIT III CW RADAR:

Doppler Effect, CW Radar – Block Diagram, Isolation between Transmitter and Receiver, Non-zero IF Receiver, Receiver Bandwidth Requirements, Applications of CW radar, Illustrative Problems. UNIT IV

FM-CW RADAR: Introduction, Range and Doppler Measurement, Block Diagram and Characteristics (Approaching/ Receding Targets), FM-CW altimeter, Multiple Frequency CW Radar. UNIT V MTI AND PULSE DOPPLER RADAR:

Introduction, Principle, MTI Radar with - Power Amplifier Transmitter and Power

Oscillator Transmitter, Delay Line Cancellers – Filter Characteristics, Blind Speeds, Double Cancellation, And Staggered PRFs. Range Gated Doppler Filters, MTI Radar Parameters, Limitations to MTI Performance,MTI versus Pulse Doppler radar. UNIT VI TRACKING RADAR:

Tracking with Radar, Sequential Lobing, Conical Scan, Monopulse Tracking Radar – Amplitude Comparison Monopulse (one- and two- coordinates), Phase Comparison

Monopulse, Tracking in Range, Acquisition and Scanning Patterns, Comparison of Trackers. UNIT VII DETECTION OF RADAR SIGNALS IN NOISE:

Introduction, Matched Filter Receiver – Response Characteristics and Derivation, Correlation Function and Cross-correlation Receiver, Efficiency of Non-matched Filters, Matched Filter with Non-white Noise. UNIT VIII RADAR RECEIVERS:

Noise Figure and Noise Temperature, Displays – types. Duplexers – Branch type and Balanced type, Circulator as Duplexer. Introduction to Phased Array Antennas – Basic Concepts, Radiation Pattern, Beam Steering and Beam Width changes, Series versus Parallel Feeds, Applications, Advantages and Limitations. TEXT BOOKS:

1. Merrill I. Skolnik, Introduction to RADAR Systems, TMH Special Indian Edition, 2nd Edition, 2004.

REFERENCES:

1. Merrill I. Skolnik, Introduction to RADAR Systems, 3rd Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2010. 2. Byron Edde, RADAR Principles, Technology and Applications, Pearson Education, 2004. 3. Peebles Jr. P.Z, RADAR Principles, Wiley, New York, 2006.



12AEC53 NANO ELECTRONICS (ELECTIVE-V)

Objectives: The purpose of this course is to introduce the students to:

1. Understand alternate carbon based devices and their properties such as nanotubes and molecular electronics.

2. Discuss the advantages and the disadvantages of carbon based nano electronics. 3. Summarize how carbon based nano electronic devices can impact the future electronics.

Outcomes: On completion of the course the student will be able to:

1. Understand various methods to fabricate and measure nano scale features. 2. Know the critical parameters that one must evaluate when considering any new nano electronic device.

UNIT I

INTRODUCTION TO NANOTECHNOLOGY: Background to Nanotechnology, Types of Nanotechnology and Nanomachines ,

Periodic Table, Atomic Structure, Molecules and Phases, Energy, Molecular and Atomic size, Surface and Dimensional Space, Top Down and Bottom Up, Molecular Nanotechnology UNIT II MICROSCOPE: Electron Microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope, Atomic Force Microscope,

Scanning Tunnelling Microscope, Nanomanipulator, Nanotweezers, Atom Manipulation, Nanodots, Self Assembly, Dip Pen Nanolithography. Nanomaterials: Preparation, Plasma Arcing, Chemical Vapor Deposition,sol-gels, Electrodeposition, Ball Milling, Applications of Nanomaterials. UNIT III FUNDAMENTALS OF NANOELECTRONICS: Introduction, Requirements , Dynamic Properties, Threshold Gates, Physical Limits to Computations, Concepts of Logic Devices, Classifications, Two Terminal Devices, Field Effect Devices, Coulomb Blockade Devices, Spintronics, Quantum Cellular Automata, Quantum Computing, DNA Computer. UNIT IV PERFORMANCE OF INFORMATION PROCESSING SYSTEMS: Basic Binary

Operations, Measure of Performance Processing Capability of Biological Neurons, Performance Estimation for the Human Brain, Ultimate Computation, Power Dissipation Limit, Dissipation in Reversible Computation, The Ultimate Computer. UNIT V SILICON MOSFETs:

Silicon MOSFET, Novel materials and alternate concepts, fundamentals of MOSFET Devices, scaling rules, silicon-dioxide based gate dielectrics, metal gates, junctions & contacts, advanced MOSFET concepts. UNIT VI QUANTUM TRANSPORT DEVICES: Quantum Transport Devices based on Resonant Tunneling, Electron Tunneling, Resonant Tunneling Diodes, Resonant Tunneling Devices, Single Electron Devices for Logic Applications, Single Electron Devices, Applications of Single Electron Devices to Logic Circuits.

UNIT VII CARBON NANOTUBES:

Introduction, Fullerenes, Types of Nanotubes, Formation of Nanotubes, Assemblies, Purification of Carbon Nanotubes, Electronic Properties, Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes, Carbon Nanotube Interconnects,Carbon Nanotube FETs, Nanotube for Memory applications, Prospects of all Carbon Nanotube Nanoelectronics. UNIT VIII MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS: Electrodes & Contacts, Functions, Molecular Electronic Devices, First Test Systems,

Simulation and Circuit Design, Fabrication, Future applications: MEMS–robots,

Random Access Memory, Mass Storage Devices. TEXTBOOKS:

1. Michael Wilson, Kamali Kannangara, Geoff Smith, Michelle Simmons and Burkhard

Raguse, Nanotechnology: Basic Science and Emerging Technologies, Chapman & Hall / CRC, 2006. 2. T. Pradeep, NANO:The Essentials -Understanding Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, TMH, 2007. 3. Rainer Waser (Ed.), Nan electronics and Information Technology: Advanced Electronic Materials and Novel Devices, Wiley- VCH, 2003.

REFERENCES:

1. Charles Poole, Introduction to Nano Technology, Wiley Interscience, May 2003. 2. Mark Ratner and Daniel Ratner, Nanotechnology: A Gentle Introduction to the Next Big Idea,

Pearson Education, 2003. 3. Diwanand and Bharadwaj, Nanoelectronics, Pentagon Press , Delhi, 2006.


L T P C B.Tech- IV Year-II Sem EC 4 1 - 4

12AEC54 HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERFACE

(ELECTIVE-V)

Objectives: 1. To have an overview at the principles and practices of HCI in designing user interfaces. 2. To know the importance and role of usability and evaluation in systems design.

3. To know the issues relating to user diversity, different types of systems, interaction styles, devices and environments.

Outcomes: After Completion of the course, the students will be able

1. To recognize the principles of HCI design required in systems development. 2. To design an effective user interface.

3. To conduct appropriate evaluation of systems from a HCI perspective and interpret the outcome.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION: Importance of user Interface – Definition, Importance of Good Design, Benefits of Good Design, A brief history of Screen Design. UNIT II THE GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE: Popularity of Graphics, The concept of Direct Manipulation, Graphical System, Characteristics, Web user, Interface Popularity, Characteristics- Principles of User Interface.

UNIT III DESIGN PROCESS: Human Interaction with Computers, Importance of Human Characteristics, Human Consideration, Human Interaction Speeds and understanding Business Junctions. UNIT IV SCREEN DESIGNING: Introduction, Design goals, Screen Planning and Purpose, Organizing Screen Elements, Ordering of Screen Data and Content, Screen Navigation and Flow, Visually Pleasing Composition, Amount of Information, Focus and Emphasis, Presentation Information Simply and Meaningfully, Information Retrieval on Web, Statistical Graphics, Technological Considerations in Interface Design.

UNIT V

WINDOWS: Introduction, New and Navigation Schemes, Selection of Window, Selection of Devices based and Screen Based Controls.

UNIT VI COMPONENTS: Introduction, Text and Messages, Icons and Increases, Multimedia, Colors, User Problems, Choosing Colors.

UNIT VII TOOLS: Introduction, Software tools, Specification Methods, Interface, Building Tools.

UNIT VIII INTERACTION DEVICES: Keyboard and Function Keys, Pointing Devices, Speech Recognition Digitization and Generation, Image and Video Displays, Drivers. TEXT BOOKS: 1. Wilbert O Galitz, The Essential Guide to User Interface Design, Wiley DreamTech. 2. Ben Shneidermann, Designing the User Interface, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education Asia.

REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Alan Dix, Janet Fincay, Gre Goryd, Abowd, Russell Bealg, Human–Computer Interaction, Pearson Education. 2. Prece, Rogers, Sharps, Interaction Design, Wiley Dreamtech. 3. Soren Lauesen, User Interface Design, Pearson Education.


L T P C B.Tech- IV Year-II Sem ECE - - - 2

12AEC55 COMPREHENSIVE VIVA


L T P C B.Tech- IV Year-II Sem ECE - - - 10

12AEC56 PROJECT WORK

ACADEMIC REGULATIONS COURSE STRUCTURE ... - SVCET

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