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yt…ýe þt¤tytu yíÞthu «ð]Â¥tytuÚte Ä{Ä{e hne Au.

þt¤t{tk y™u ð„o{tk nrhÞt¤e AðtE Au. ¿tt™ðÄof sqÚt˼tytu

îtht yt…{tk yuf ™ðtu òu{ y™u swMËtu ¼hðt{tk ytÔÞtu Au

‚tu ËtÚtu ËtÚtu ™ð r™Þwõ‚ rðãtËntÞftu ™u …ý ‚t÷e{ yt…e

Ëßs fÞto Au. ð„o¾kz{tk ƒt¤ftu Au. T.L.M. Au. rþûtf …tu‚u

Au …Ae „wýð¥tt™wk ËðoÔÞt…efhý fhðt ƒesw þwk òuEyu ?

Ë‚‚ yæÞÞ™þe÷ ƒ™eÞu, yæÞÞ™ftÞo fheÞu y™u ËtÚtu

ËtÚtu Ë‚‚ ËðtO„e {qÕÞtkf™ fheÞu. yu™e yus Zƒu …w™:

rþûtýftÞo ™ fh‚tk ztìõxh™e su{ Œðt y™u …Ør‚ ƒŒ÷eÞu,

r™Œt™tí{f y™u W…[thtí{f ftÞo fheÞu

yt…ýu f÷tË yußÞwfuþ™ ™nª …ý {tË yußÞwfuþ™ fhðwk

Au. Ët„h{tk {tu‚e ‚tu ½ýtk ntuÞ Au …ý su™u ËwÍ ntuÞ ‚u™u

s ‚u Ëtk…zu Au. yt…ýt ð„o¾kz™tk {tu‚e™u ytu¤¾e ÷Eyu.

MðÞk™tu ™rn Ë{Âü™tu fŒe rð[th fh, hÌttk su ðu„¤tk

yu™tu fŒe Ën[th fh, ËŒt …t{e hÌttk Au Äqífth yts ËwÄe,

[{™™tk yu Vq÷tu™tu ‚wk fŒe Ëífth fh.

yu÷.ðe.{Ath

«t[tÞo

ztÞx, Ëk‚ht{…wh

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 4ût{t ðehtu™wk yt¼q»tý ût{t ðehtu™wk yt¼q»tý

ût{t ðehtu™wk yt¼q»tý ût{t ðehtu™wk yt¼q»tý ût{t ðehtu™wk yt¼q»tý

Au.Au.

Au.Au.Au.

Ëk…tŒfeÞ

Ën…kÚte r{ºttu

ËŒ¼tøÞ y{tY fu þçŒtu {éÞt y{™u ‚{thu ™„h sðt, [hý {tkze [t÷ðt

÷t„w ‚tu ÷t„u ðhËtu™t ðhË, …ý y{thu ‚tu ynª hË{™u rhðts y™tu¾t, y{thu

{™ ‚tu þçŒtu yus fkfw y™u [tu¾t.

þçŒtu™t {tæÞ{Úte yt… ÷„e y{the ¼tð™tytu y™u ÷t„ýeytu ÔÞõ‚ fheÞu

Aeyu. rþÞt¤t™e „w÷tƒe Xkze{tk þt¤t ƒt„ y™u ð„o¾kz™tk fwËw{tu …qhƒnth ¾e÷e

hÌttk nþu. yt…ýu ð„o Mð„o ƒ™u ‚u {txu yt… Ë‚‚ «ð]¥t nþtu s. …hk‚w ½ýeðth

ƒt¤ftu rð»tu fu ‚uytu™t yæÞÞ™ftÞo yk„u yt…ýt {™{tk fux÷ef Ët[e-¾tuxe

{tLÞ‚tytu …ý «ð‚o‚e ntuÞ Au yt {tLÞ‚tytu rð»tu ßÞtk ËwÄe M…üefhý ™ ÚttÞ

íÞtk ËwÄe Œtuhzw …ý Ët… s ¼tËu Au yt {txu yt…ýu ztì. {tun™¼tE …k[t÷™wk ‘‘Ëtnuƒ

{™u Ëtk¼¤tu ‚tu ¾ht’’ …wM‚f ðtk[ðwk sYhe Au. yt…ýu LAS ‚hVÚte HAS ‚hV

sðt™wk Au. Low Achivement School, High Achivement School) y™u

‚u {txu sYh Au ðfo yuÚtef™e. ftuE …ý ftÞo fheÞu ‚u S‚tu y™u S‚tu™e ¼tð™tÚte

s fheÞu y™u fŒt[ r™»V¤‚t …ý {¤u …ý ™tËe…tË ™ ÚtEyu fthýfu Íqzt™e AuÕ÷e

[tðe …ý ftuEðth ‚t¤w ¾tu÷e ™t¾u Au. ‘ÚttuBËfw÷h’ sýtðu Au fu frX™{tk frX™

ft{ …ý {™Úte rŒ÷ huze™u fhðt{tk ytðu ‚tu ‚u Ëh¤ ƒ™e òÞ Au. nwk {t™ð ½z‚h

fhwk Awk ‚uðe ©Øt ËtÚtu yt…ýu ft{ fheÞu y™u r{ºttu ft{ fh™thtu fŒh fh™tht™e

htn òu‚tu ™Úte ‚u™u {™ ‚tu f{o yus Ä{o ntuÞ Au.

yt ykf{tk rðãtÚteoytu™t {htuzŒth y™u ËwkŒh yûthtu fE he‚u fhe þftÞ ‚u™wk

{t„oŒþo™ yt…u÷ Au ËtÚtu ËtÚtu „rý‚, rð¿tt™, y™u ¼t»ttrðftË fE he‚u Ëh¤‚tÚte

ntkË÷ fhe þftÞ ‚u™e …ý ðt‚ {qfe Au su yt…™u „{þu s. „tkÄeðú‚tu™wk …t÷™ fh‚tk

fh‚tk ð™{tk, s™{tk y™u ð„o¾kz{tk ðËk‚™u …qhƒnth ¾e÷ðeÞu y™u ËŒtÞ ¾e÷‚e

s hnu ‚u {txu Ë‚‚ #Äý ®Ë[‚t hneÞu.

ztì. yu. ðe.…xu÷

‘‘‚kºte’’

‘‘{iºte’’ ztÞx Ëk‚ht{…wh

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 5

‘‘„tkÄeðú‚tu’’‘‘ËíÞ, y®nËt, [tuhe ™ fhðe, ðý òu‚wk ™ð

Ëk½hðwk. ƒúñ[Þo ™u ò‚u {nu™‚, ftuE yzu ™ y¼ztðwk

y¼Þ, y…rh„ún, MðtŒ íÞt„ ™u ËðoÄ{o Ëh¾t

„ýðtk, yt yr„Þth {ntðú‚ Ë{S áZ…ýu

yt[hðt.’’

Þhðzt su÷™wk „tkÄeSyu ‘Þhðzt {krŒh’ ™t{

…tzâwk. íÞtk yu{™u ƒnth™tk fux÷tkf At…tk ‚tu ðtk[ðt

{¤‚tk, y™u yt©{{tkÚte ËkÏÞtƒkÄ ft„¤tu …ý

ytð‚tk, A‚t yu r™ð]Â¥t™tu Ë{Þ yu{ýu ËwºtÞ‚{tk,

hUrxÞt™e ¼Âõ‚{tk y™u „e‚t™tk {™™ {tks „téÞtu Au.

yu{ fneyu ‚tu [t÷u. yu yhËt{tk Ëtƒh{‚e

yt©{™tk Sð™{tk ðÄw [u‚™ huzðt™e ytð~Þf‚t Au.

yuðe {t„ýe yuf ƒu ¼tEytu ‚hVÚte ÚtðtÚte yu{ýu

yt©{ðtËeytu …h Ëtótrnf …ºttu ÷¾ðt™wk þY fÞwO.

y™u yt©{ðú‚tu …h ðÄthu «ftþ …tzðt™wk þY fÞwO.

yt…ýtk ht»xÙeÞ Sð™{tk ßÞthu r™htþt™e ½tuh

r™htþt™wk Ët{útßÞ Vu÷tÞwk n‚wk ‚u Ë{Þu su ðú‚tuyu

ht»xÙeÞ Sð™{tk ytþt, ytí{rðïtË, MVwŠ‚ y™u

ÄtŠ{f‚t™wk ðt‚tðhý Wí…L™ fÞwO ‚u ðú‚tuyu s yt¾hu

yuf ™ðe ËkMf]r‚™wk {k„¤«¼t‚ þY fÞwO.

yt ðú‚tu …h ®[‚™ fheyu ‚tu ½ýtk ƒÄtk ÷u¾tu

÷¾tE þfu Au. …hk‚w su™u „wsht‚e{tk xwkfËth fnuðt{tk

ytðu Au ‚uðe s he‚u yt yr„Þth {ntðú‚tu™tu xwkftuËth

ynª «M‚w‚ fhðt{tk ytðu÷ Au. su ðú‚rð[th™t

yÇÞtËe™u W…Þtu„e Útþu.

ËíÞ

‘‘ËíÞ þçŒ Ë‚T{tkÚte Au. Ë‚T yux÷u ntuðwk ËíÞ

‚u ntuðt…ýwk ËíÞ rËðtÞ ƒeS ftuE ðM‚w™u nM‚e s

™Úte. …h{uïh™wk ¾hwk ™t{ s ‘Ë‚T’ yux÷u ‘ËíÞ’ Au.

‚uÚte …h{uïh ‘ËíÞ’ Au. yu{ fnuðt fh‚t ‘ËíÞ’ yus

…h{uïh Au. yu{ fnuðwk ðÄthu ÞtuøÞ Au.

òu {týË™e …tËu ût{t ntuÞ ‚tu ‚u™u fð[™e þe sYh òu {týË™e …tËu ût{t ntuÞ ‚tu ‚u™u fð[™e þe sYh

òu {týË™e …tËu ût{t ntuÞ ‚tu ‚u™u fð[™e þe sYh òu {týË™e …tËu ût{t ntuÞ ‚tu ‚u™u fð[™e þe sYh òu {týË™e …tËu ût{t ntuÞ ‚tu ‚u™u fð[™e þe sYh

Au ?Au ?

Au ?Au ?Au ?

r™hð s. ðËtðtzt

yæÞt…f,

Ëe.…e.yuz. ftì÷us,

ðtkxt ðAtuzt, þnuht

Ët{tLÞ ÔÞðnth{tk yËíÞ ™ ƒtu÷ðwk fu ™

yt[hðwk yux÷tu s ËíÞ™tu yÚto ™Úte. …ý ËíÞ yus

…h{uïh Au ™u ‚u rËðtÞ ƒeswk fþw ™Úte. yu ËíÞ™e

þtuÄ y™u …wò yk„u s ƒeò ƒÄtk r™Þ{tu™e

ytð~Þf‚t hnu Au. y™u ‚u{tkÚte s ‚u{™e Wí…Â¥t Au.

yt ËíÞ™tk W…tËf …tu‚u fÕ…u÷t Œuþrn‚™u ËtYk …ý

yËíÞ ™rn ƒtu÷u, ™nª yt[hu. ËíÞ™u yÚto ‚u

«nT÷tŒ™e su{ {t‚t-r…‚t ðze÷tu™e yt¿tt™tu …ý

rð™Þ…qðof ¼k„ fhðt{tk Ä{o Ë{su.

y®nËt

«týeytu™tu ðÄ ™ fhðtu yux÷wk s yt ðú‚™tk

…t÷™™u ËtYk ƒË ™Úte. y®nËt yux÷u Ëqû{ sk‚wytuÚte

{tkze™u {™w»Þ ËwÄe ƒÄtk Sðtu «íÞu Ë{¼tð. yu

ðú‚tu™tu …t÷f Ätuh yLÞtÞ fh™th «íÞu …ý ¢tuÄ ™

fhu, …ý ‚u™tk W…h «u{¼tð ht¾u, ‚u™wk rn‚ RåAu ™u

fhu, …ý «u{ fhu ‚u A‚tk yLÞtÞe™tk yLÞtÞ™u ðþ

™ ÚttÞ, yLÞtÞ™tu rðhtuÄ ™u ‚u{ fh‚tk ‚u su fü yt…u

‚u Äehs…qðof yLÞtÞe™tu îu»t fÞto rð™t Ën™ fhu.

y®nËt y™u ËíÞ ƒL™u ytu‚«tu‚ Au.

ƒúñ[Þo

ƒúñ[Þo™tk …t÷™ rð™t W…h™tk ðú‚tu™wk …t÷™

yþõÞ Au. ƒúñ[thtu ftuE Mºte fu …whw»t W…h fwáÂü ™

fhu yux÷wk ƒË ™Úte. …ý {™ÚteÞu rð»tÞtu™wk ®[‚™ fu

Ëuð™ ™®n fhu y™u rððtrn‚ ntuÞ ‚tu …tu‚t™e Mºte

fu …tu‚t™tk …r‚™e ËtÚtu …ý rð»tÞ¼tu„ ™rn fhu …ý

‚u™u r{ºt Ë{S ‚u™e ËtÚtu r™{o¤ ËkƒkÄ ƒtkÄþu.

…tu‚t™e fu ƒeS Mºte™tu fu …tu‚t™tk …r‚™tu fu ƒeò

…whw»t™tu rðfth{Þ M…þo yÚtðt ‚u™e ËtÚtu rðfth{Þ

¼t»tt fu ƒeS rðfth{Þ [uüt ‚u …ý MÚtq¤ ƒúñ[Þo™tu

¼k„ Au.

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 6

ƒúñ[Þo™tu {q¤ yÚto : ƒúñ[Þo yux÷u ƒúñ™e -

ËíÞ™e - þtuÄ{tk [Þto yux÷u ‚u™u ÷„‚tu yt[th. yt

{q¤ yÚto{tkÚte ËðuorLÿÞËkÞ{ yu rðþu»t yÚto ™ef¤u Au.

{tºt s™™urLÿÞËkÞ{ yuðtu yÄqhtu yÚto ‚tu ¼q÷e s

sEyu.

yMðtŒ

yMðtŒ yux÷u MðtŒ™ ÷uðtu. MðtŒ yux÷u hË.

su{ yti»trÄ ¾t‚tk yt…ýu ‚u MðtŒe÷e Au fu fuðe ‚u™tu

rð[th ™ fh‚tk þheh™u ‚u™e sYh Au yu{ Ë{S ‚u™e

{tºtt{tk s ¾tEyu Aeyu, ‚u{ s yL™™wk Ë{sðwk yL™

yux÷u ¾tã …ŒtÚto {tºt. ‚uÚte ŒqÄ-V¤™tu …ý ynª

Ë{tðuþ Au. su{ yti»tÄ ytuAt {tºtt{tk ÷uðtÚte VtÞŒtu

fh‚wk ™Úte y™u ðÄthu {tºtt{tk ÷uðtÚte ™wfþt™ fhu Au,

‚uðwk s yL™™wk Au.

{™w»Þ ßÞtk ÷„e S¼{tk hËtu™u S‚u ™rn íÞtk

÷„e ƒúñ[Þo™wk …t÷™ yr‚ frX™ Au yuðtu y™w¼ð

ntuðtÚte yMðtŒ™u ™tu¾wk ðú‚ „ýðt{tk ytÔÞwk Au.

¼tus™ fuð¤ þhehÞtºtt™u s yÚto ntuÞ : ¼tu„™u yÚto

™rn. ‚uÚte ‚u yti»trÄ Ë{S ËkÞ{…qðof ÷uðt™e sYh

Au. yt ðú‚™wk …t÷™ fh™th rðfth Wí…L™ fhu yuðt

{Ët÷t ð„uhu™tu íÞt„ fhu. {tkËtnth, {ã…t™,

‚{tfw, ¼tk„ RíÞtrŒ™tu yt©{ Sð™{tk r™»tuÄ Au.

MðtŒ™u yÚtuo Wòýe™tu fu ¼tus™™t yt„ún™tu r™»tuÄ

Au.

yM‚uÞ

yM‚uÞ yux÷u [tuhe ™ fhðe. [tuhtu fhu ‚u ËíÞ

òýtu fu «u{Ä{o …t¤u yu{ ftuE ™rn fnu. A‚tk [tuhe™tu

Œtu»t yt…ýu Ënw Úttuzu½ýu ykþu òÛÞu yòÛÞu fheyu

Aeyu. …thft™wk ‚u™e hò rð™t ÷uðwk yu‚tu [tuhe s Au.

…ý …tu‚t™wk „ýt‚wk …ý {týË [tuh Au. ytx÷u ËwÄe

‚tu Ë{sðwk «{tý{tk Ënu÷wk Au. …ý yM‚uÞ ytÚte ƒnwk

yt„¤ òÞ Au. ftuE ðM‚w ÷uðt™e yt…ý™u

ytð~Þf‚t ™Úte, A‚tk ‚u su™t fƒò{tk ntuÞ ‚u™e

…tËuÚte ‚u™e ¼÷u hò {u¤ðe™u …ý, ÷uðeyu [tuhe Au.

ƒeò™e ðM‚w ‚u™e hò rð™t ™ ÷uðe yux÷wk s

yt ðú‚™tk …t÷™™u ËtY ƒË ™Úte. su ðM‚w su

W…Þtu„™u Ëthwk yt…ý ™u {¤e ntuÞ ‚u™tÚte ‚u™tu ƒeòu

W…Þtu„ fhðtu fu su {wŒ‚ ËwÄe W…Þtu„ fhðtu ‚u …ý

[tuhe Au. yt ðú‚™t {q¤{tk Ëwû{ ËíÞ ‚tu yu hÌtwk Au

fu …h{tí{t «týeytu™u Ëthwk r™íÞ™e ytð~Þf ðM‚w

s r™íÞ Wí…L™ fhu Au y™u yt…u Au. ‚u™tÚte ðÄthu

{wÆ÷ Wí…L™ fh‚tu ™Úte. ‚uÚte …tu‚t™e ytuAt{tk ytuAe

ytð~Þf‚t W…htk‚ su ftuE …ý {™w»Þ ÷u Au ‚u [tuhe

fhu Au.

y…rh„ún

y…rh„ún yM‚uÞ™u ÷„‚wk „ýtÞ. su {q¤{tk

[tuhu÷wk ™Úte ‚u y™tð~Þf yufXwk fhðtÚte [tuhe™tk {t÷

suðwk ÚtE òÞ Au. …rh„ún yux÷u Ëk[Þ yÚtðt yufXwk

fhðwk. ËíÞþtuÄf y®nËf …rh„ún ™ fhe þfu

…h{tí{t …rh„ún fh‚tu ™Úte. ‚u™u ‘òuE‚e’ ðM‚w ‚u

htus™e htus …uŒt fhu Au. yux÷u òu yt…ýu ‚u™e W…h

rðïtË ht¾eyu ‚tu Ë{Syu fu yt…ý™u òuE‚e ðM‚w

‚u htus™e htus yt…u Au, yt…þu. ytur÷Þtytu™tu,

¼õ‚tu™tu yt y™w¼ð Au. htus™t …hk‚w htus …uŒt

fhðt™tk Eïhe r™Þ{™u yt…ýu òý‚tk ™Úte, yÚtðt

òýðt A‚tk …t¤‚t ™Úte. ‚uÚte, s„‚{tk rð»t{‚t™u

‚uÚte Út‚tk Œw:¾tu y™w¼ðeyu Aeyu.

y…rh„ún yM‚uÞ™t …ux{tk s hnu÷wk Au.

y™tð~Þf ðM‚w su{ ÷uðtÞ ™rn ‚u{ ‚u™tu Ëk„ún …ý

™ ÚttÞ ‚uÚte su ¾tuhtf fu ht[h[e÷t™e sYh ™Úte ‚u™tu

Ëk„ún yu yt ðú‚™tu ¼k„ Au. y…rh„úneyu …tu‚t™wk

Sð™ r™íÞ ËtŒtE ‚hV ÷E sðt™wk ntuÞ Au.

ò‚ {nu™‚

yM‚uÞ y™u y…rh„ún™tk …t÷™™u ËtY ò‚

{nu™‚™tu r™Þ{ ytð~Þf Au. ð¤e {™w»Þ{tºt

þhehr™ðton þtherhf {nu™‚Úte fhu ‚tu s ‚u Ë{ts™t

y™u …tu‚t™t ÿtun{tkÚte ƒ[e þfu. su™wk yk„ [t÷e þfu

Au ™u su™u yt…e Au ‚uðt Mºte …whw»tu …tu‚t™wk ƒÄwk

ût{t yt…ðe W¥t{ ût{t yt…ðe W¥t{

ût{t yt…ðe W¥t{ ût{t yt…ðe W¥t{ ût{t yt…ðe W¥t{

Au. …ý ¼q÷e sðwk yu™t fh‚tk …ý ðÄw W¥t{ Au. …ý ¼q÷e sðwk yu™t fh‚tk …ý ðÄw W¥t{

Au. …ý ¼q÷e sðwk yu™t fh‚tk …ý ðÄw W¥t{ Au. …ý ¼q÷e sðwk yu™t fh‚tk …ý ðÄw W¥t{ Au. …ý ¼q÷e sðwk yu™t fh‚tk …ý ðÄw W¥t{

Au.Au.

Au.Au.Au.

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 7

r™íÞft{ su …tu‚u ytxtu…ðt ÞtuøÞ ntuÞ ‚u ytxtu…e ÷uðwk

òuEyu. y™u ƒeò™e Ëuðt rð™tfthý ™ ÷uðe òuEyu.

…ý ƒt¤ftu™e, ƒeò y…k„ ÷tuftu™e y™u ð]Ø

Mºte…whw»ttu™e Ëuðt «tó ÚttÞ íÞthu ‚u fhðt™tu Ët{trsf

sðtƒŒthe Ë{s™th «íÞuf {™w»Þ™tu Ä{o Au.

yt ytŒþo™u yð÷kƒe™u yt©{{tk {swhtu

yr™ðtÞo ntuÞ íÞtk s ht¾ðt{tk ytðu Au ™u ‚u{™e ËtÚtu

þuX[tfh ÔÞðnth ™Úte ht¾ðt{tk ytð‚tu.

MðŒuþe

¾tŒeyu Ët{trsf MðŒuþe™wk «Út{ …„rÚtÞwk Au.

yu MðŒuþe Ä{o™e …rhËe{t ™Úte.

WŒtnhý ‚hefu yuðtk ¾tŒeÄthe òuÞt Au. suytu

ƒeswk ƒÄwk …hŒuþe ðËtðe hÌttu Au. ‚uytu MðŒuþe™wk

…t÷™ ™Úte fh‚tk. ‚uytu [t÷‚t «ðtn{tk ‚ýtE hÌtt

Au. MðŒuþe ðM‚w «Út{ {tU½e y™u W‚h‚e ¼÷u ™ ntuÞ.

‚u™u ËwÄthðt™tu «Þí™ ðú‚Äthtu fhþu. ftÞh ÚtE™u

MðŒuþe ¾htƒ Au ‚uÚte …hŒuþe ðt…hðt ™rn {kze òÞ.

MðŒuþe Ä{o yt[hðtÚte «Út{ ‚tu ƒeò Œuþ …h

ytr©‚ ntuðt™wk x¤e òÞ Au. y™u fŒt[ …tu‚t™t

Œuþ™e ƒ™tðu÷ ðM‚w ðt…hðt{tk ftuE …ý ¼th‚eÞ™u

yr¼{t™ ‚tu ntuðt™wwk s yt{ MðŒuþe Ä{o …t¤™th

…hŒuþe™tu fŒe æðu»t fhþu s ™rn, MðŒuþe yu «u{{tkÚte

- y®nËt{tkÚte - Wí…L™ ÚtÞu÷ ËwkŒh Ä{o Au.

y¼Þ

y¼Þ rð™t ËíÞ™e þtuÄ ÚttÞ ? yt Ëðt÷™t

sðtƒ{tk ½ýtk ƒÄtk yr¼«tÞtu {¤þu …ý yu rððtŒ{tk

W‚hðt™e sYh ™Úte y¼Þ rð™t y®nËt™wk …t÷™ fu{

ÚttÞ ?

‘‘nrh™tu {th„ Au þwht™tu

™rn ftÞh™wk ft{ òu™u.’’

ËíÞ yus nhe, yus ht{, yus ™thtÞý, yus

ðtËwŒuð ftÞh yux÷u ¼Þ¼e‚ ƒefýtu, þwhtu yux÷u

¼Þ{wõ‚, ‚÷ðth ð„uhuÚte fËu÷tu ™®n ‚÷ðth þwh™e

Ëk¿tt ™Úte, ƒef™e r™þt™e Au.

ËíÞ, y®nËt RíÞtrŒ ðú‚tu™wk …t÷™ r™¼oÞ‚t

rð™t yËk¼rð‚ Au. y™u nt÷ Ëðoºt ¼Þ ÔÞt…e hÌttu

Au. íÞtk r™¼oÞ‚t™wk ®[‚™ y™u ‚u™e fu¤ðýe yíÞk‚

ytð~Þf ntuðtÚte ‚u™u ðú‚tu{tk MÚtt™ y…tÞwk Au. su

ËíÞ…thtÞý hnuðt {tk„u ‚u ™ ™t‚ò‚Úte zhu, ™

ËhfthÚte zhu, ™ [tuhÚte zhu, ™ „heƒtEÚte zhu, ™

{tu‚Úte zhu.

yM…]~Þ‚t r™ðthý (ËðÄ{o Ë{¼tð)

®nŒw Ä{o{tk yM…]~Þ‚t™e YrZyu sz ½t÷e Au.

‚u{tk Ä{o ™Úte …ý yÄ{o Au. yuðe {tLÞ‚t ntuðt™u

÷eÄu yM…]~Þ‚t r™ðthý™u r™Þ{{tk MÚtt™ ytÃÞwk Au.

yt©{ òr‚¼uŒ ™u {t™‚wk ™Úte ‚uðe s he‚u yts™tu

Ë{ts …ý Úttuzu½ýu ykþu ytðtu {‚¼uŒ ¼w÷ðt ‚iÞth

ÚtÞtu Au.

‚uÚte s yt©{ ÔÞðMÚtt™u ©uc „ýðt{tk ytðu÷

Au. Eïhu yt…u÷ y™{tu÷ ¼ux Ë{t™ {™w»Þ sL{™u

yt…ýu yM…]~Þ „ýe Äwífth™th ftuý ? y™u ßÞthu

yt rð[th Œhuf {™w»Þ™tk {™ rð[th{tk h{‚tu Útþu

íÞthu y™tÞtË s ËðoÄ{o Ë{t™ ÚtE sþu. ytðt

rð[th™t ÷eÄu {ntðú‚tu{tk ð„o¼uŒ™tu rðhtuÄ yuðtu Ä{o

ËðoÄ{o Ë{¼tð™u Ë{tððt{tk ytðu÷ Au.

yM…]~Þ‚t r™ðthýÚte {t™ð-{t™ð ðå[u™tk

{‚¼uŒtu Œqh Útþu y™u «u{¼tð ðÄþu ‚uÚte s yuðwk

fnuðtÞ Au fu yM…]~Þ‚t r™ðthý suðt ËíftÞtuo {t™ð

ÓŒÞ{tk ƒkÄtÞu÷ rf‚eo {krŒhtu Ë{t™ Au.

Ërn»ýwk‚t

s„‚{tk «[r÷‚ «ÏÞt‚ Ä{tuo ËíÞ™u ÔÞõ‚

fh™th Au. …ý ‚u ƒÄt y…qýo {™w»Þ îtht ÔÞõ‚ ÚtÞu÷tk

ntuÞ ƒÄt{tk y…qýo‚t™wk yÚtðt yËíÞ™wk r{©ý ÚtÞwk

Au ‚uÚte suðwk yt…ý™u yt…ýt Ä{o rðþu {t™ ntuÞ ‚ux÷wk

s {t™ yt…ýu ƒeò™tk Ä{o «íÞu ht¾ðwk ½xu. ytðe

Ërn»ýw‚t ntuÞ íÞtk yuf ƒeò™tk Ä{tuo™tu rðhtuÄ ™Úte

Ëk¼ð‚tu. …hÄ{eo™u …tu‚t™tk Ä{o{tk hnu÷t Œtu»ttu Œqh

ÚttÞ yuðe s «tÚto™t y™u yuðe s ¼tð™t r™íÞ fhðe

hne.

ßÞtk ût{t ™‚e íÞtk «u{ {tºt rðzkƒ™t s ßÞtk ût{t ™‚e íÞtk «u{ {tºt rðzkƒ™t s

ßÞtk ût{t ™‚e íÞtk «u{ {tºt rðzkƒ™t s ßÞtk ût{t ™‚e íÞtk «u{ {tºt rðzkƒ™t s ßÞtk ût{t ™‚e íÞtk «u{ {tºt rðzkƒ™t s

Au.Au.

Au.Au.Au.

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 8

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{t™„Z rn÷‘‘ftuý fnu Au fu ¼„‚ ytkŒtu÷™u Mðt‚kºÞ‚t

Ëk„út{{tk Þtu„Œt™ ™Úte ytÃÞwk. {t™„Z™u ZkZtu¤e™u

Œu¾tu ‚tu Þtu„Œt™ ™nª …hk‚w ƒr÷Œt™ …ý ytÃÞwk Au.’’

{t™„Z™wk ¼„‚ ytkŒtu÷™ y‚tŠff fu …tihtrýf

fÚtt ™Úte …hk‚w ËíÞ nfef‚ Au. Rr‚ntË™t …t™t{tk

ÞtuøÞ MÚtt™ ™ {¤‚tk ‘‘Mðt{e „tu®ðŒ„wÁ : Sð™ y™u

ftÞo™e’’ Ët‚u ytrŒðtËeytu™t Ä{o, f{o y™u

ytMÚtt™e ËtÚtu Ëkf¤tÞu÷ „tu®ðŒ„wÁ™e {t™„Z Äwýe

¾t‚u™tu ™hËknth ft¤™e „‚to{tk rð÷e™ ÚtE „Þu÷ Au.

Mðt{e „tu®ðŒ„wÁyu Mðt‚kºÞ‚t Ëk„út{{tk {níð…qýo

Þtu„Œt™ yt…u÷ Au. su ‘‘Ëk…˼t’’™t {tæÞ{Úte

¼„‚ ytkŒtu÷™u ‘‘Œþ™t{e ¼Âõ‚’’™tu ¼u¾ Äthý

fhe E.Ë. 1905™e Ët÷{tk ËtiÚte …nu÷ ðnu÷e

Ëk…˼t „tu®ðŒ„wÁyu {t™„Z rn÷ ¾t‚u ¼he rðŒuþe

{t÷™tu ƒrn»fth fhe MðŒuþe ðM‚wytu ðt…hðt {txu

ytnTðt™ fhe Mðt‚kºÞ‚t «tÂó™t ©e „ýuþ fÞto n‚t.

„tu®ðŒ„wÁ™wk Sð™ Íh{h :

„tu®ðŒ„wÁ™tu sL{ ‚t. 20-12-1858™tk

htsMÚtt™™t zwk„h…wh rsÕ÷t™t ðuzËt „t{u ÚtÞtu n‚tu

‚u{™t r…‚t™wk ™t{ ƒu[hr„he y™u {t‚t™wk ™t{

÷tzfeƒu™ (fwþt÷eƒu™) n‚wk ‚u{™t ƒt…-ŒtŒt™tu {wÏÞ

©e …th„e yswo™ fu.

Ëe.yth.Ëe. W¾hu÷e

‚t. Ëk‚ht{…wh

ÄkÄtu …tuXtu {thV‚u {t÷-Ët{t™™e nuhtVuhe Ërn‚ ÷u-

ðu[™tu {wÏÞ ÄkÄtu n‚tu …hk‚w rþð{krŒh™t …wòhe™e

«uhýtkÚte ‚uytu™wk ƒt¤…ý ¼Âõ‚™t hk„u hk„tÞu÷ n‚wk.

„t{™t ™t™t Atufhtkytu™u ¼u„t fhe ¼Âõ‚™e ðt‚tu

fhðt{tk Ë{Þ …Ëth fh‚tk n‚tk. suÚte ‚u{™t {t‚-

r…‚t™u þkft ÚtE fu ¼rð»Þ{tk yt Atufhtu ƒtðtu ‚tu ™

ÚtE òÞ ™u ? yu{ rƒf™t {tÞto ‚u{™wk ÷ø™ rðÄðt

ðýÍthý ËtÚtu fhe Œuðt{tk ytÔÞwk n‚wk. …hk‚w

„tu®ðŒ„wÁ™wk {™ ËkËth{tk Mnusu ÷t„‚wk ™ n‚wk ‚uytu

1880-81{tk WŒu…wh ¾t‚u …tu‚t™e …Âí™™u ÷E™u

Mðt{e ŒÞt™kŒ ËhMð‚e …tËu ytðe ƒu ð»to ËwÄe

ytæÞtÂí{f rþûtý {u¤ðe „wÁ™tu W…Œuþ þeh …h

[Ztðe ytrŒðtËeytu™u Ët{trsf, ÄtŠ{f ‚Útt rþûtý

ûtuºtu ËwÄthýtk fhðt™wk ft{ W…tze ‚uytu …Âí™ ËtÚtu

…tu‚t™t „t{{tk …h‚ ytÔÞt n‚tk.

Ëk… ˼t :

„tu®ðŒ„wÁyu …tu‚t™t „t{{tk ytðe ÷tuftu™u

W…Œuþ yt…ðt™wk þY fÞwo y™u „¤t{tk Áÿtût™e {t¤t

Äthý fhtðe ‚u{s „wsht‚, htsMÚtt™ y™u

{æÞ«Œuþ{tk Äwýeytu™e MÚtt…™t fhtðe ¼„ðt ð†

Ërn‚ {tÚtu fuþheÞt ËtVt ƒkÄtðe ÷tuftu™u ykÄ©Øt,

ðnu{, fwheðtòu, {tkË-{Œeht ƒkÄ fhtðe „t{u„t{

«tÚtr{f þt¤tytu þY fhðt {txu ytnTðt™ fh‚tk hts

hsðtzt Ërn‚ rƒúxeþhtu [{fe „Þt n‚tk fthý fu

ytrŒðtËeytuyu ŒtY …eðt™wk ƒkÄ fh‚tk hts Œhƒth™e

ytðf ½xðt ÷t„e n‚e suÚte „tu®ðŒ„wÁ ytk¾™t

fýtu™e su{ ¾xðt ÷tøÞt n‚tk, …hk‚w „tu®ðŒ„wÁyu

ËwÄthýtk {txu su ƒezw ÍzÃÞwk n‚wk ‚u ðu„ðt™ ƒ™‚tk

…txðe rþ»Þ …th„e …wkò¼tE Äeht¼tE™e

rð™ðýeÚte „tu®ðŒ„wÁ {t™„Z …ntz W…h 1905™e

Ët÷{tk Ëk…˼t™wk ytÞtus™ fh‚tk ŒtuZ ÷t¾ sux÷t

{týËtu ¼u„t ÚtÞt n‚tk y™u Ët{trsf ËwÄthýtk {txu

{t™„Z rn÷ ¾t‚u Mðt{e „tu®ðŒ„wÁ y™u ‚u{™e{t™„Z rn÷ ¾t‚u Mðt{e „tu®ðŒ„wÁ y™u ‚u{™e

{t™„Z rn÷ ¾t‚u Mðt{e „tu®ðŒ„wÁ y™u ‚u{™e{t™„Z rn÷ ¾t‚u Mðt{e „tu®ðŒ„wÁ y™u ‚u{™e{t™„Z rn÷ ¾t‚u Mðt{e „tu®ðŒ„wÁ y™u ‚u{™e

Äwýe™e Í÷f ™shu …zu Äwýe™e Í÷f ™shu …zu

Äwýe™e Í÷f ™shu …zu Äwýe™e Í÷f ™shu …zu Äwýe™e Í÷f ™shu …zu

Au. ‚Mðeh yswo™ fu. …th„eAu. ‚Mðeh yswo™ fu. …th„e

Au. ‚Mðeh yswo™ fu. …th„eAu. ‚Mðeh yswo™ fu. …th„eAu. ‚Mðeh yswo™ fu. …th„e

ût{t yË{Úto {t™ðeytu™wk ÷ûtý y™u Ë{Úttuo™wk yt¼q»tý ût{t yË{Úto {t™ðeytu™wk ÷ûtý y™u Ë{Úttuo™wk yt¼q»tý

ût{t yË{Úto {t™ðeytu™wk ÷ûtý y™u Ë{Úttuo™wk yt¼q»tý ût{t yË{Úto {t™ðeytu™wk ÷ûtý y™u Ë{Úttuo™wk yt¼q»tý ût{t yË{Úto {t™ðeytu™wk ÷ûtý y™u Ë{Úttuo™wk yt¼q»tý

Au.Au.

Au.Au.Au.

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 9

™ðò„]r‚™tu þk¾ VwkõÞtu n‚tu fnuðtÞ Au. fu

„tu®ðŒ„wÁ‘‘[t÷ ¼Âõ‚’’ fnu‚t ™w„ht {týËtu VVze

s‚tk y™u Ëw„ht ƒ™e s‚tk n‚tk yt{ {t™„Z ¾t‚u

Œh ð»tuo Ëk… ˼t™wk ytÞtus™ Útðt ÷tøÞwk y™u „t{u-

„t{ ftuxðt¤tu™e h[™t fhðt{tk ytðe.

„tu®ðŒ„wÁ™tu rðhtuÄ :

„tu®ðŒ„wÁ™e Ëthe ðt‚tu r™Œtuo»t n‚e …hk‚w

Ët{k‚ðtŒe hsðtztytu{tk ¾‚htu …uŒt Útðt ÷tøÞtu suÚte

htòytu y™u ò„ehŒthtu ðå[u ¼Þ …uŒt ÚtÞtu su{tk

hsðtzt y™u rƒúxeþhtu VtV¤tk ƒuXt ÚtE „tu®ðŒ„wÁ™tu

rðhtuÄ fhðt ÷tøÞt y™u yk„úuS …tu÷eþ îtht

ytrŒðtËeytu™u …htýu ŒtY …eðztððt™e ftuþeþ

fhtððt ÷tøÞt ‚u{s rƒxeþhtu …tu‚t™t f{o[theytu

{thV‚u þt¤tytu ƒkÄ fhtð‚t n‚tk. y™u rþûtftu™u

{thÍwz fhe™u ¼„tze {wf‚tk n‚tk ‚u{s Áÿtût™e {t¤t

…nuhðt W…h «r‚ƒkÄ ÷tŒ‚t n‚tk.

{t™„Z ftkz :

Œh ð»tuo ¼ht‚e Ëk…˼t hsðtze þtË™ y™u

rƒúxeþ þtË™ rðÁØ™e Au. suÚte Œuþe hsðtztytuyu

™¬e fÞwo fu ‚t. 17-11-1913 (ðtŠ»tf Ëk{u÷™)™e

Ëk… ˼t r™»V¤ ƒ™tððe òuEyu. yu{ rð[the

huðtftkXt rðM‚th™t rƒúxeþ …tu÷exef÷ yusLx ËtWÚto™

Mxux yusLx W…h ‚th fhe sýtððt{tk ytÔÞwk fu

„tu®ðŒ„wÁ y™u ‚u{™t …txðe rþ»Þ …th„e …wkò¼tE

Äeht¼tE (zwk„hðt¤t) ™u …fze ÷uðt y™u Ëk…˼t

rð¾uhe ™t¾ðe ™nª‚h nðu ytrŒðtËeytu {t™ðt™t

™Úte. fŒt[ „tu®ðŒ„wÁ™t swMËt¼uh ¼t»týÚte Œuþe

hsðtztytu™tu ¾ò™tu ÷wkxtE òÞ ‚uðe þkft Au. suÚte

rƒúxeþ Ëhfthu „ð{uoLx ytìV RÂLzÞt {wkƒE™t

ytu™huƒ÷ …e.yth.ƒhtu™t ytuzohÚte fr{§h©e

yu™.ze. ‚Útt r{Mxh Ëe. zƒÕÞw yu{. nzË™ huðtftkXt

…tu÷exef÷ yusLx™u ze.yuË.…e. „tuÄht ‚u{™e Vtuòu

÷E ËwkÚtht{…tuh (Ëk‚ht{…wh)™t hM‚u ÚtE {t™„Z

…ntz™e Vh‚e „tuXðtE „E ƒeS ƒtsw ¾uhðtztÚte

rƒúxeþ nu{Õf™ …tu‚t™e Vtuòu ÷E {t™„Z …ntz™u

[thu ƒtswÚte Äuhe ÷uðt{tk ytÔÞtu.

{t™„Z …ntz W…h nòhtu™e ËkÏÞt{tk fux÷tÞ

ytrŒðtËeytu ©ØuÞ „tu®ðŒ„wÁ™t ¼s™tu{tk ‚hƒtu¤

ƒ™e „Þt n‚tk y™u ™e[u {wsƒ™t ¼s™tu{tk ‚Õ÷e™

ÚtE yk„úuòu™u ¼th‚Œuþ Atuze sðt {txu fnu‚t n‚tk.

¼s™

{t™„Z {the Äwýe n{t™„Z {the Äwýe n

{t™„Z {the Äwýe n{t™„Z {the Äwýe n{t™„Z {the Äwýe n

u Ít÷tuŒ{tk {the fwkze nuu Ít÷tuŒ{tk {the fwkze nu

u Ít÷tuŒ{tk {the fwkze nuu Ít÷tuŒ{tk {the fwkze nuu Ít÷tuŒ{tk {the fwkze nu

¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w hu ™E {t™wk¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w hu ™E {t™wk

¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w hu ™E {t™wk¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w hu ™E {t™wk¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w hu ™E {t™wk

Ít÷tuŒ {the fwkze nu ŒtntuŒ{tk {the Útt¤e nuÍt÷tuŒ {the fwkze nu ŒtntuŒ{tk {the Útt¤e nu

Ít÷tuŒ {the fwkze nu ŒtntuŒ{tk {the Útt¤e nuÍt÷tuŒ {the fwkze nu ŒtntuŒ{tk {the Útt¤e nuÍt÷tuŒ {the fwkze nu ŒtntuŒ{tk {the Útt¤e nu

¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™wk hu ™E {t™wk.¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™wk hu ™E {t™wk.

¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™wk hu ™E {t™wk.¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™wk hu ™E {t™wk.¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™wk hu ™E {t™wk.

ŒtntuŒ {the Útt¤e nu „tuÄht{tk {thtu rŒðtu nuŒtntuŒ {the Útt¤e nu „tuÄht{tk {thtu rŒðtu nu

ŒtntuŒ {the Útt¤e nu „tuÄht{tk {thtu rŒðtu nuŒtntuŒ {the Útt¤e nu „tuÄht{tk {thtu rŒðtu nuŒtntuŒ {the Útt¤e nu „tuÄht{tk {thtu rŒðtu nu

¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w’hu ™E {t™wk¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w’hu ™E {t™wk

¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w’hu ™E {t™wk¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w’hu ™E {t™wk¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w’hu ™E {t™wk

„tuÄht{tk {thtu rŒðtu nu y{ŒtðtŒ {the òs{ nu„tuÄht{tk {thtu rŒðtu nu y{ŒtðtŒ {the òs{ nu

„tuÄht{tk {thtu rŒðtu nu y{ŒtðtŒ {the òs{ nu„tuÄht{tk {thtu rŒðtu nu y{ŒtðtŒ {the òs{ nu„tuÄht{tk {thtu rŒðtu nu y{ŒtðtŒ {the òs{ nu

¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w hu ™E {t™wk.¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w hu ™E {t™wk.

¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w hu ™E {t™wk.¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w hu ™E {t™wk.¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w hu ™E {t™wk.

y{ŒtðtŒ {the òs{ nu rŒÕne{tk {the f÷{ nuy{ŒtðtŒ {the òs{ nu rŒÕne{tk {the f÷{ nu

y{ŒtðtŒ {the òs{ nu rŒÕne{tk {the f÷{ nuy{ŒtðtŒ {the òs{ nu rŒÕne{tk {the f÷{ nuy{ŒtðtŒ {the òs{ nu rŒÕne{tk {the f÷{ nu

¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w hu ™E {t™wk¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w hu ™E {t™wk

¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w hu ™E {t™wk¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w hu ™E {t™wk¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™w hu ™E {t™wk

rŒÕne{tk {the f÷{ nu …k[tÞ‚e hts ÷tððwk nurŒÕne{tk {the f÷{ nu …k[tÞ‚e hts ÷tððwk nu

rŒÕne{tk {the f÷{ nu …k[tÞ‚e hts ÷tððwk nurŒÕne{tk {the f÷{ nu …k[tÞ‚e hts ÷tððwk nurŒÕne{tk {the f÷{ nu …k[tÞ‚e hts ÷tððwk nu

¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™wk hu ™E {t™wk¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™wk hu ™E {t™wk

¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™wk hu ™E {t™wk¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™wk hu ™E {t™wk¼whuxeÞt ™E {t™wk hu ™E {t™wk

…k[tÞ‚e hts ÷tððwk nu {t™„Z{tk {the Äwýe nu…k[tÞ‚e hts ÷tððwk nu {t™„Z{tk {the Äwýe nu

…k[tÞ‚e hts ÷tððwk nu {t™„Z{tk {the Äwýe nu…k[tÞ‚e hts ÷tððwk nu {t™„Z{tk {the Äwýe nu…k[tÞ‚e hts ÷tððwk nu {t™„Z{tk {the Äwýe nu

¼whuxeÞt ™E {t¼whuxeÞt ™E {t

¼whuxeÞt ™E {t¼whuxeÞt ™E {t¼whuxeÞt ™E {t

™wk hu ™E {t™wk.™wk hu ™E {t™wk.

™wk hu ™E {t™wk.™wk hu ™E {t™wk.™wk hu ™E {t™wk.

ytðt ¼s™tu „ðtE hnu‚t íÞth yuftyuf

VtÞh™tu ytŒuþ yt…ðt{tk ytð‚tk 1507 sux÷t

ytrŒðtËeytu ft¤™t {w¾{tk Äfu÷tE „Þt n‚tk y™u

sL{¼qr{ ðuzËt ¾t‚u ytðu÷e „tu®ðŒ„wÁ™esL{¼qr{ ðuzËt ¾t‚u ytðu÷e „tu®ðŒ„wÁ™e

sL{¼qr{ ðuzËt ¾t‚u ytðu÷e „tu®ðŒ„wÁ™esL{¼qr{ ðuzËt ¾t‚u ytðu÷e „tu®ðŒ„wÁ™esL{¼qr{ ðuzËt ¾t‚u ytðu÷e „tu®ðŒ„wÁ™e

Äqýe ¾t‚u ¼s™ ËkæÞt fh‚tk „tu®ðŒ„wÁ™t …tiºtÄqýe ¾t‚u ¼s™ ËkæÞt fh‚tk „tu®ðŒ„wÁ™t …tiºt

Äqýe ¾t‚u ¼s™ ËkæÞt fh‚tk „tu®ðŒ„wÁ™t …tiºtÄqýe ¾t‚u ¼s™ ËkæÞt fh‚tk „tu®ðŒ„wÁ™t …tiºtÄqýe ¾t‚u ¼s™ ËkæÞt fh‚tk „tu®ðŒ„wÁ™t …tiºt

÷û{ý¼tE y{Á¼tE ðýòht ™shu …zu ÷û{ý¼tE y{Á¼tE ðýòht ™shu …zu

÷û{ý¼tE y{Á¼tE ðýòht ™shu …zu ÷û{ý¼tE y{Á¼tE ðýòht ™shu …zu ÷û{ý¼tE y{Á¼tE ðýòht ™shu …zu

Au.Au.

Au.Au.Au.

‚Mðeh : yswo™ fu. …th„e‚Mðeh : yswo™ fu. …th„e

‚Mðeh : yswo™ fu. …th„e‚Mðeh : yswo™ fu. …th„e‚Mðeh : yswo™ fu. …th„e

ƒŒ÷tu ÷uðt fh‚tk ût{t n{uþtk Ëthe ƒŒ÷tu ÷uðt fh‚tk ût{t n{uþtk Ëthe

ƒŒ÷tu ÷uðt fh‚tk ût{t n{uþtk Ëthe ƒŒ÷tu ÷uðt fh‚tk ût{t n{uþtk Ëthe ƒŒ÷tu ÷uðt fh‚tk ût{t n{uþtk Ëthe

Au.Au.

Au.Au.Au.

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 10

[tu{uh ™tË ¼t„ {[e s‚t „tu®ðŒ„wÁ y™u …th„e

…wkò¼tE Äeht¼tE Ërn‚ 800 {týËtu™u …fze

÷uðt{tk ytÔÞt n‚tk. su{tk 26 sux÷t {týËtu™u

VtkËe™e Ëò Út‚tk rðÿtun™t ¼Þ™t ÷eÄu y™u

ËwkÚtht{…tuh htýeƒt™e rð™ðýeÚte VtkËe™t ƒŒ÷u

ytSð™ fthtðtË™e Ëò „tu®ðŒ„wÁ, y™u …th„e

…wkò¼tE Äeht¼tE Ërn‚ ƒeò 24 ËtÚteytu ™u Út‚tk

‚u{™u ytkŒt{t™-r™ftuƒth xt…w ¾t‚u ht¾ðt{tk ytéÞt

n‚tk su{tk ¼th‚ y™u [e™ ðå[u þtkr‚ Út‚tk sw™t

fuŒeytu™u Atuze {wfðt™tu nwf{ Út‚tk 10 ð»to™e Ëò

ft…e „tu®ðŒ„wÁ ƒu {tË ËwÄe ¼e÷ Ëuðt {kz¤ ŒtntuŒ

¾t‚u …qßÞ X¬hƒt…t òuzu ft{ fhe ÷e{ze (Ít÷tuŒ)

™Sf fkƒtuE „t{u „tu®ðŒ„wÁyu …tu‚t™wk þu»t Sð™

rð‚tÔÞwk. ytrŒðtËeytu™t {Ëent „tu®ðŒ„wÁ™wk

yðËt™ ‚t. 30-10-1931 ™t htus ÚtÞu÷ Au.

Œh ð»tuo {t„þh ËwŒ …qŠý{t™t rŒ™u nòhtu ÷tuftu

{t™„Z rn÷ ¾t‚u ¼u„t ÚtE …tu‚t™t Mðt{e

„tu®ðŒ„wÁ y™u ytÍtŒe {txu þneŒ ÚtÞu÷ Ë…w‚tu™u

ÞtŒ fhe ©Øtksr÷ yŠ…‚ fhu Au. {t™„Z™e {txe™t

{tU½uht Ëk‚™u ftuxe ftuxe «ýt{.

„rý‚ rþûtý

©e yth. fu. …xu÷

„rý‚-rð¿tt™ yuf{

ztÞx, Ëk‚ht{…wh

™t™t ƒt¤ftu™u ™e[u™t ËtÄ™tu îtht „rý‚ rþûtý

yt…e þftÞ.

(1) hur‚Þt ykf : 0 Úte 9 ™e …qkXt™e ‚f‚eytu

ƒ™tððe. …qkXtk™e ‚f‚eytu …h „w÷tƒe ft„¤

[tuxtzðtu y™u Œhuf ‚f‚e …h 0 Úte 9 ™e swŒe

swŒe ËkÏÞt ft¤t ft[ …u…h …h ‚iÞth fhe

÷„tzðe. ƒt¤ftu M…þo îtht y™u Œþo™urLÿÞ

îtht 0 Úte 9 ™tu ÏÞt÷ {u¤ðþu.

(2) xtu…÷e™e h{‚ : yuf xtu…÷e™u þwËtur¼‚ fhðe

y™u ‚u™e ykŒh 0 Úte 9 r[êeytu {wfðe. su

Ëk¿tt ™ef¤u ‚u™e ËtÚtu ËtÚtu [[wft fu {ýft fu

ftuzeytu™e „ý‚he fhðe.

(3) x…ft™e h{‚ : x…ft îtht 1 Úte 10 swŒt swŒt

ft„¤ …h ÷¾ðt y™u x…ft òuztððt.

(4) ðM‚w îtht ykf rþûtý : 1 Úte 10 ðM‚wytu ÷uðe

™u ‚u™e Ët{u 1 Úte 10 ™t ftzo {wfðt.

(5) ËkÏÞt y™u Ëk¿tt™tu …rh[Þ : 1 ™e ‚f‚e Ët{u

1 ftuze, 2 ™e ‚f‚e Ët{u ƒuftuze, yu{ 1 Úte

10 þe¾ððt.

(6) yuftkfe Ëhðt¤t : 1 + 1 = 2 yu he‚u 9 ËwÄe

„ý‚he þe¾ððe.

yuftkfe ƒtŒƒtfe : 9 – 1 = 8 yu he‚u W‚h‚t

¢{{tk sðwk.

(7) yÄqht Ëux …qht fhtu :

1 1 2 2

1 2

1 2 yt he‚u 1 ™t [tuhË{tk 1 ™e

‚f‚e {qfðe.

(8) ‚tu÷{t… : ºttsðt îtht ftuE…ý þtf ‚tu÷e þfu.

y™ts, fXtu¤ ‚tu÷e þfu.

(9) ™týt …rh[Þ : …tk[ …iËtÚte ÷E™u Y. 10/-

ËwÄe™tu …rh[Þ fhtððtu.

yt ËtÄ™{tk ðå[u™wk ¾t™wk …qhe …tX y…tððtu.

(10) Ëk¿tt¢{ :

1 2 3

2 4

3 5

4 6

5 7

6 8

7 9

(11) «{tý {t… : «{tý {t…{tk ftuE …ý yuf

ðtËý{tk fux÷w «ðtne yÚtðt …ŒtÚto ¼htÞ

‚u™tu ÏÞt÷ yt…ðt{tk ytðu Au.

„heƒe ¾t™Œt™e™u Œƒtðe þf‚e ™Úte.„heƒe ¾t™Œt™e™u Œƒtðe þf‚e ™Úte.

„heƒe ¾t™Œt™e™u Œƒtðe þf‚e ™Úte.„heƒe ¾t™Œt™e™u Œƒtðe þf‚e ™Úte.„heƒe ¾t™Œt™e™u Œƒtðe þf‚e ™Úte.

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 11

5 6 8 2 1

4 2 6 1 7

5 8 1 2 0

3 1 6 2 1

1 0 8 2 0

(4) yt…u÷ ð‚wo¤{tk ÷¾u÷e ËkÏÞtytu ‚foƒØ he‚u

÷¾u÷e Au. «§tÚtoðt¤t ¾t™t{tk fE ËkÏÞt

ytðu ‚u ÷¾tu.

(5) Sø™uþu rð™tuŒ™u …wATÞwk, yuðt fÞt ºtý ykftu

Au fu su™tu Ëhðt¤tu y™u „wýtfth Ëh¾tu

ÚttÞ Au ?

sðtƒ : 1, 2 3

(6) rððuf …tËu Y. 100 ™t rˬt Au. su{tk 50

…iËt, 1 Yr…Þtu y™u 2 Yr…Þt™t Yt. 100™t

rˬt Au. ‚tu ‚u™e …tËu 50 …iËt™t fux÷t

rˬt nþu ?

sðtƒ : 60

„rý‚ „B{‚

• {tu™ ðtkŒht™u 12 {exh ô[t Úttk¼÷t …h

[zðt™wk Au. yuf r{r™x{tk ‚u ºtý {exh W…h

[Zu Au. y™u ƒeS {e™exu ƒu {exh ÷…Ëe …zu

Au. ‚u™u Úttk¼÷t™e xtu[ …h …ntu[‚tk fux÷tu

Ë{Þ ÷t„þu ?

sðtƒ : 19 r{r™x

• Äið‚u rËØtÚto™u fÌtwk òu, ‚w {™u {tht …‚k„{tkÚte

…tk[ …‚k„ yt…u ‚tu {the …tËu ‚tht fh‚tk

ƒ{ýt …‚k„ ÚttÞ. rËØtÚtuo Äið‚™u fÌtwk, òu ‚w

{™u ‚tht …‚k„{tkÚte …tk[ …‚k„ yt…u ‚tu {the

…tËu …ý ‚tht fh‚tk ƒ{ýt …‚k„ ÚttÞ. ‚tu

Äið‚ …tËu fux÷t …‚k„ nþu ?

sðtƒ : 15 …‚k„

• …tÞt™u ¾Ëuzât rËðtÞ ƒu rŒðtˤe ¾Ëuze™u

…tk[ rºtftuý ƒ™tðtu.

(12) ËkÏÞt¢{{tk Ëk¿tt¢{™e su{ s ðM‚w ÷E fhe

þftÞ.

(13) y…qýtOf™wk ð„eofhý : yt ËtÄ™{tk yt¾t,

„tu¤, …tuýt „tu¤, yÄo„tu¤ y™u 5t „tu¤

‚iÞth fhðt. yt Œhuf yuf {tuxt …qXt …h ztƒe

ËtEzu W…hÚte ™e[u [tuxtkze Œuðt y™u ‚u™e Aqxe

‚f‚eytu …ý ƒ™tððe. …Ae ƒt¤ftu yt¾t

„tu¤™e Ët{u yt¾t „tu¤™e ‚f‚e {qfþu.

yzÄt Ët{u yzÄt™e yu he‚u ËtÄ™ h{þu y™u

y…qýtof™tu ÏÞt÷ {u¤ðþu.

„trýr‚f ftuÞzt

1. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, ............

2. 2, 4, 16, ............

3. 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, ............

4. 125, 25, ............

5. 2, 10, 50, ............

6. 13, 9, 5, ............

7. 100, 20, 5, ............

8. 3, 9, 27, 81, ............

9. 50, 250, 253, 1265, ............

10. 1000, 100, ............

„rý‚ „B{‚

(1) ŒwŠ»t÷ …tËu …tÚto fh‚t ºtý Vwø„t ðÄw Au. …tÚto

…tËu ¼th‚e fh‚tk ƒ{ýt Vwø„t Au. ¼th‚e

…tËu ŒwŠ»t÷ …tËu Au. ‚u™t fh‚tk ºteò ¼t„™t

Vwø„t Au. ‚tu ºtýu …tËu fuxfux÷t Vwø„t nþu ?

sðtƒ : ŒwŠ»t÷ …tËu : 9

…tÚto …tËu : 6

¼th‚e …tËu : 3

(2) …tk[ ƒt¤ftuyu fuh{™e xw™to{uLx{tk ¼t„ ÷eÄtu.

Œhufu yufƒeò™e ËtÚtu h{ðt™wk Au. ‚uytuyu fw÷

fux÷e 𾂠fuh{ h{ðwk …zþu ?

sðtƒ : 10 ð¾‚

(3) Œhuf nhtu¤{tk Ët[tu sðtƒ {¤u ‚u {txu ¾wx‚tk

ykf þtuÄtu.

„heƒe ™{ú‚t™e …heûtt y™u r{ºt‚t™e fËtuxe „heƒe ™{ú‚t™e …heûtt y™u r{ºt‚t™e fËtuxe

„heƒe ™{ú‚t™e …heûtt y™u r{ºt‚t™e fËtuxe „heƒe ™{ú‚t™e …heûtt y™u r{ºt‚t™e fËtuxe „heƒe ™{ú‚t™e …heûtt y™u r{ºt‚t™e fËtuxe

Au.Au.

Au.Au.Au.

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 12

• ¾t÷e {tk +, –, ×, ÷ ™e r™þt™e yuðe

he‚u {qftu fu suÚte yt…u÷ sðtƒ {¤u.

(1) 11 – 6 + 5 = 10

(2) 2 + 9 – 3 = 8

(3) 3 × 6 ÷ 2 = 9

(4) 12 ÷ 2 – 4 = 2

• ¾qx‚e ËkÏÞt þtuÄtu.

«tÚtr{f rþûtýûtuºtuƒt¤ftu™tu ¼t»tt rðftË

0 «tÚtr{f rþûtý ûtuºtu ƒt¤ftu™u ¼t»tt rðftË

y™uf he‚u ÚtE þfu Au. su ™e[u {wsƒ Au.

(1) ƒt¤ðt‚toytu îtht : ƒt¤ðt‚to™t ËwkŒh

r[ºttu ƒ‚tðe™u, «tusuõx îtht ËuLz xÙu îtht, ……uxTË

îtht ƒt¤ ðt‚to™e ËwkŒh rVÕ{ ƒ‚tðe™u ƒt¤ðt‚toytu

hsw fhe þftÞ. yt ƒÄtkÚte ƒt¤ftu™tu þçŒ ¼kztu¤ ðÄu

Au. Wå[th þwÂØ ÚttÞ Au. fÕ…™t þÂõ‚ ¾e÷u Au,

S¿ttËtð]Â¥t Ëk‚tu»ttÞ Au. y™u Ët{tLÞ ¿tt™{tk ðÄthtu

ÚttÞ Au.

(2) ðt‚[e‚ îtht ¼t»tt rðftË : ƒt¤ftu ËtÚtu

n¤ðe þi÷e{tk ðt‚[e‚ fhe ytí{eÞ‚t fu¤ðe ‚u{™tu

þçŒ ¼kztu¤ ðÄthe þftÞ Au. y™u ¼t»tt rþûtý …ý

yt…e þftÞ Au. ½h™t ytk„ýu Vh‚t «týeytu y™u

sk„÷e «týeytu, ‚uðe s he‚u ½h™t ytk„ýu Wz‚tk

…ûteytu y™u sk„÷{tk hnu‚t …ûteytu rðþu ðt‚[e‚

fhe þftÞ. s{e™ …h [t÷‚t, …týe{tk ‚h‚t y™u

ytftþ{tk Wz‚t ðtn™tu rðþu …ý ðt‚[e‚ fhe þftÞ.

(3) rðrðÄ «fth™e …rh[Þ xÙu ƒ™tðe™u …ý

¼t»tt yt…e þftÞ : suðe fu ‚u™t …rh[Þ, rðrðÄ

ðM‚wytu™tu …rh[Þ, ði¿ttr™f ËtÄ™tu, …„h¾tk

…rh[Þ, …tu»tf …rh[Þ, ½huýtk …rh[Þ, ™týtk

…rh[Þ, VŠ™[h, ÄkÄtŒthe, {w¾ðtË, {Ët÷t, ð]ût

…rh[Þ, …t™ …rh[Þ, V¤-Vw÷ …rh[Þ.

(4) ÔÞtfhý™t …tXtu îtht ¼t»tt™tu rðftË :

ÔÞtfhý™t …tXtu îtht …ý ¼t»tt rðftË ÚtE þfu.

suðefu òr‚™e h{‚, ™t{Þtu„e yÔÞÞ, W¼ÞtLðÞe

yÔÞð ð„uhuÚte ƒt¤ftu™tu ¼t»tt rðftË ÚtE þfu.

rðrðÄ h{fzt y™u ðM‚wytuÚte yt…ðtk suÚte ƒt¤f™t

{„s …h y™tð~Þf ƒtuòu …zât ð„h ‚u …htuût he‚u

ÔÞtfhý þe¾e þfu.

(5) ¼t»tt rðftË rðhtuÄe þçŒtu þtuÄtðe™u

fhtðe þftÞ : òuzftk™t þçŒtu îtht …ý fhtðe þftÞ.

ðM‚w r[êe îtht …ý fhtðe þftÞ. yux÷u r[êe{tkÚte

™ef¤u ‚u ðM‚w ƒ™tðu y™u r[êe{tk ™ef¤u ‚u r[ºt

ƒ‚tðu.

(6) ƒt¤ ™txftu îtht : …ý ¼t»tt rðftË ÚttÞ

Au. ™txftuÚte ƒt¤ftu™tu ¼t»tt ¼kztu¤ ðÄu Au. Wå[th

þwÂØ ÚttÞ Au. yr¼™Þ þÂõ‚ ntð¼tð «„x fh‚tk

þe¾u Au. y™u ntð¼tðÚte ðtk[‚t …ý þe¾u Au. {wÏÞ

…tºtÚte {tkze „tiý …tºt ¼sððt™e {t™rËf ‚iÞthe

y™u ût{‚t ytðu Au. ƒt¤ ™txftu{tk zÙuË y™u «týe

…ûteytu™t {tuZt ƒ™tððt.

(7) ¼t»tt rðftË {txu rðrðÄ «tusuõx ‚iÞth

fhtðe þftÞ : su{fu Ëhfth™tu «tusuõx, huÕðu Mxuþ™™tu

«tusuõx, …tuMx yturVË™tu «tusuõx, Œðt¾t™t™tu

ztì. yu. ðe. …xu÷

ztÞx,Ëk‚ht{…wh

„heƒe ƒÄe ò‚™e f÷tytu™t ytrð»fth™wk fthý „heƒe ƒÄe ò‚™e f÷tytu™t ytrð»fth™wk fthý

„heƒe ƒÄe ò‚™e f÷tytu™t ytrð»fth™wk fthý „heƒe ƒÄe ò‚™e f÷tytu™t ytrð»fth™wk fthý „heƒe ƒÄe ò‚™e f÷tytu™t ytrð»fth™wk fthý

Au.Au.

Au.Au.Au.

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 13

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«tusuõx. yt «tusuõx r[ºt îtht, …wXtk …h h[™t fhe™u

y™u Ã÷tMxh ytuV …urhË™tu W…Þtu„ …ý ÚttÞ.

(8) Ëk„e‚ îtht ¼t»tt rðftË ÚttÞ : Ëk„e‚{tk

«tÚto™t - Äq™, ¼s™tu, «tËkr„f „e‚tu, ntMÞ„e‚tu,

ƒt¤„e‚tu, yr¼™Þ „e‚tu ð„uhu îtht ¼t»tt rðftË

ÚtE þfu. W¾týt îtht …ý ÚtE þfu Au.

(9) ƒt¤ {u¤t îtht ¼t»tt rðftË : ƒt¤ftu™u

ƒt¤{u¤t{tk ÷E sðtÚte rðrðÄ «fth™t …tu»ttf,

ðM‚wytu, …ŒtÚttuo, ËtrníÞ, h{‚tu, r[ºttu ð„uhu swyu

Au. y™u ‚u{™tu ¼t»tt rðftË ÚttÞ Au.

(10) ƒt¤ h{‚tu îtht ¼t»tt rðftË : rðrðÄ

ƒt¤ h{‚tu h{tzðtÚte …ý ¼t»tt rðftË ÚttÞ Au.

Œt.‚. …Uz÷huË - yt h{‚{tk 7 hk„™t …wXt™t „tu¤

…Uz÷ ƒ™tðe ƒt¤ftu™u …nuhtððt{tk ytðu Au. ƒt¤ftu™u

„tu¤{tk Q¼t ht¾e ðå[u Œztu {qfðt{tk ytðu Au. …Ae

rþûtf rËËtuxe ð„tze fnu Au. ÷t÷ hk„ðt¤t Œztu ÷tðu,

÷e÷t hk„ðt¤t ÷tðu, yt{, hk„™e ytu¤¾ ËtÚtu ¼t»tt

rðftË ÚttÞ Au.

(11) ƒt¤ Ëk„únt÷Þ îtht …ý ¼t»tt rðftË

ÚttÞ Au.

(12) ‚nuðthtu™e Wsðýe îtht ¼t»tt rðftË

ÚttÞ Au.

(13) {nt…whw»ttu™e sÞkr‚ytu™e Wsðýe îtht

…ý ¼t»tt rðftË ÚttÞ Au.

(14) ƒt¤ …wM‚ft÷Þ îtht …ý ¼t»tt rðftË

ËtÄe þftÞ Au.

(15) 10-15 þçŒtu yt…e™u ðt‚to ÷¾tðe

þftÞ.

(16) ftuE…ý r[ºt yt…e™u …ý ‚u™t rðþu 10-

15 ÷exe ÷¾ðt yt…e þftÞ.

(17) {wÆt yt…e™u …ý ðt‚to ÷¾ðt fne

þftÞ.

rþrþh-ðËk‚™t ËkrÄft¤u „w÷tƒe þe‚÷nuhtuyu

Ë]Âü™u Ëkfò{tk sfze ÷eÄe Au. ð]ût-ðu÷e™e zt¤u-þt¾u

÷e÷…he xþhtu Vqxe hÌtt™t Ë„z Au. õÞtkf fqýe

fqk…¤tyu he‚Ëh ðËk‚™e yt÷-ƒu÷ …tufhe Au. ©tðýe

÷e÷…™tu ™þtu ht{ðt™u ythu Au. íÞtk s ðtËÂL‚

÷e÷…™tu ò{ ¼he Ëtð Ë{e… ytðe W¼u÷e É‚w-

htýe{tk yuftfth Útðt ð„ztu Út™„™e hÌttu Au. frðytu

„{u ‚uðt þçŒði¼ðÚte ðËk‚™u …tU¾u …ý ‚u™e

h{rýÞt™u ðýoðe þfu ™®n yuðtu ‚u™tu yrð¼toð ÚtE

hÌttu Au. «f]r‚™t ytðt òsh{t™ ËtIŒÞo™u …e‚tk ftuE

™eðzu÷tu þçŒfthu fÌtwk Au :

‘ðËk‚ ð™{tk ™u ðËk‚ s™{tk u !’

ðËk‚ {tºt ð™ð™™u s™s™ ™®n …h‚w

{týË™t Œhuf ftÞoûtuºt ËwÄe rðM‚hðe òuEyu. nwk {tht

ftÞoûtuºt ËtÚtu Ëtkf¤‚t W…h™e WÂõ‚™u yt„¤

ðÄthðt™e „wM‚t¾e fhe ÷ô Awk :

‘ðËk‚ ð™{tk, ðËk‚ s™{tk

™u ðËk‚ ð„o¾kz{t k!’

„wM‚t¾e {tV !

þçŒfthu ‘ðËk‚ ð™{tk ™u ðËk‚ s™{tk’ fne

ƒu MðY… ðËk‚™t {níðu ÂØ„wrý‚ fÞwO Au. ftuE …ý

ÔÞðËtÞ ËtÚtu Ëkf¤tÞu÷t ‘f{oðeh’ ™u nk{uþt yuf s

÷„™ ntuÞ, ‚u yu fu ‘{thwk ftÞo-õÞthu Œe…e QXu ?’

y™u ßÞthu ‚u fthe„h™wk ft{ ‚u™t ÷Âût‚ æÞuÞ™u ntkË÷

fhu Au. íÞthu, ‚u fthe„h™t ftÞo«Œuþ{tk ËwÞtus™t Y…u,

f]r‚{tk ËV¤‚t Y…u y™u ‚u™t ntuXtu …h {kŒ ÂM{‚

MðY…u r™¾h‚e ðËk‚ òuðt {¤u Au. yuf yuðe ðËk‚

(ynª rËÂØ) fu su™e nk{uþt Ëti™u ‚÷tþ ntuÞ Au.

s„‚™t yLÞ f÷tfthtu, fthe„htu …tËu «f]r‚™t E‚h

‚¥ðtu htu-{xeheÞÕË ‚hefu ntuÞ Au, ßÞthu rþûtf™t

ntÚt{tk ¾wŒ {týË ntuÞ Au. ytÚte fÕ…e þftÞ fu

Ë]Âü™t yLÞ Ësoftu™e ‚w÷™t{tk rþûtff{o fux÷wk f…hwk

ðËk‚{tk ð™{tk, ðËk‚ s™{tk,

™u ðËk‚ ð„o¾kz{tk !

rð™w Ëtu÷kfe ‘½wB{Ë’

…÷tË Vr¤Þt ð„o «t.þt¤t, ytksýðt,

‚t. Ëk‚ht{…wh Ëe.yth.Ëe. ËhËðt (….)

Œrhÿ‚t yíÞL‚ «tý™tþf y™u «[r÷‚ htu„ Œrhÿ‚t yíÞL‚ «tý™tþf y™u «[r÷‚ htu„

Œrhÿ‚t yíÞL‚ «tý™tþf y™u «[r÷‚ htu„ Œrhÿ‚t yíÞL‚ «tý™tþf y™u «[r÷‚ htu„ Œrhÿ‚t yíÞL‚ «tý™tþf y™u «[r÷‚ htu„

Au.Au.

Au.Au.Au.

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 14

nþu. ¾wŒ ƒúñtyu su {týË™wk Ëso™ fÞwO Au. yu s

{týË™wk ™ðËkMfhý fhðt™wk yux÷u fu ƒúñt™wk

y™wËso™ fhðt™wk ft{ rþûtf („whw) ™t ntÚt{tk Auu y™u

yux÷u s ‚tu ‘„wwhw’ ™u ‘Ëtûtt‚T …hkƒúñ’ fÌttu Au. ƒúñt

yux÷u Ësof. y™uu ‘…hkƒúñ’ yux÷u Ësoftu{tk ©u»X. su

Ësoftu{tk ©u»X Au ‚u ‘„wY’.

Þw„tuÚte {týË™e Sð™Äht W…h ðËk‚

r¾÷ððt™wk ¼„ehÚt f{o fh‚tu hÌttu Au rþûtf.

Ë{ÞtL‚hu òuE þftÞwk Au fu ™eðzu÷t „wYs™tu™t

ð„o¾kztu{tkÚte ©eht{, ©ef]»ý, yswo™, [kÿ„wó,

rððuft™kŒ, „tkÄeS, Ã÷uxtu, yurhMxtux÷, rËfkŒh suðtk

«uhýtí{f Ëtih¼Úte ‚hƒ‚h Vq÷tu yt rðï™u Ëtk…zâtk

Au. yt yuðt Vq÷tu fu su{™wk yÂM‚íð ð»ttuo …qðuo …qhwk ÚtE

„Þwk Au, ‚u{ A‚tk ytsu …ý ‚u{™e ËwðtË yt…ýt

Sð™™u «uhýt …qhu Au. fuðe nþu yu{™t „wYs™tu™e

{tðs‚ ?

ð„o¾kz{tk ðËk‚ yux÷u ð„o™t ƒt¤ftu{tk þe÷,

ËtiìŒÞo, M™un, íÞt„, ƒr÷Œt™, rððuf, ™{ú‚t,

¢{o,Ä{o, ÄiÞo, Ëk{tun™, þe‚¤‚t, ƒtiÂØf‚t, ðeh‚t,

÷t„ýeþe÷‚t, WŒth‚t, Ésw‚t, þwØ‚t, rŒÔÞ‚t,

¿tt™, ðtýe{tÄwÞo y™u ËíÞ ð„uhu ™iËŠ„f „wýtu™wk

«íÞthtu…hý fhðwk ‚u. W…h r™Œuorþ‚ W¥t{ „wýtu™wk

Ëkr{r©‚ hËtÞ™ ƒt¤ftu™u …tu»tf‚¥ð ‚hefu yu he‚u

yt…ðwk fu ƒt¤ftu™u ‚u ytfhtk ™ ÚtE …zu …hk‚w Ëns

MðeftÞo ntuÞ. ƒt¤ftu™u yt ƒÄt „wýtu Ëns MðeftÞo

íÞthu s ƒ™u ßÞthu yt…ýu ‘„wY’ ‚hefu ‚u ƒÄt s „wýtu

r™ct …qqðof yt[h‚t ntuEyu. ƒt¤ftu …tËu ‘ytŒþo

Sð™’ ™e ytþt ht¾‚tk …qðuo yt…ýu ‘ytŒþo Sð™’

‚hefu ‚u{™e Ë{ût «M‚w‚ Útðwk …zþu. ð„o¾kz{tk

ðËk‚™wk r™{toý fhðt ð„o¾kz Ëwþtu¼™ y™u

xe.yu÷.yu{. ð„uhu™e ÞtuøÞ „tuXðý yu …ý

{n¥ð™e ƒtƒ‚ Au. ð„o™e Ëòðx ƒt¤ftuu™u „{u ‚uðe

™Þ™hBÞ ntuðe òuEyu. ‚tuhý-Äò-…‚tft, nth

ð„uuhu ¼zTf hk„™t ™ ntuÞ …hk‚w r{© hk„™t y™u ytAt

hk„™t ntuÞ ‚u sYhe Au. xe.yu÷.yu{. ÞtuøÞ MÚtt™u

„tuXðtÞ, ÞtuøÞ Ë{Þu ‚u™tu {n¥t{ W…Þtu„ Út‚tu hnu

‚u ¾qƒ sYhe Au.

ƒt¤ftu™e þhehËVtE y™u ð„o¾kz™e ËVtE yu

…ý ‘ð„o¾kz{tk ðËk‚’ r¾÷ððt{tk {n¥ð™e ƒtƒ‚

Au. htushtus ƒt¤ftu™t þheh-f…ztk ð„uhu ÔÞÂõ‚„‚

[ftËe ‚u{™u MðåA Útðt{tk {ŒŒ fhðe. ƒt¤ftu™u ™¾

ft…ðt{tk, ðt¤ ytu¤ðt{tk {ŒŒ fhðe. {tuxe heþu»t

…Ae ð„o{tk ƒuË‚tk …nu÷tk ntÚt-…„ {tuZwk ð„uhu ÄtuE™u

ƒuuËu yu ft¤S ht¾ðe. …týe™t ðtËý htus htus

MðåA ÚttÞ y™u þwØ ft…z™t „¤ýu …týe „t¤e

÷uðt{tk ytðu ‚u™e ¾tË ‚fuŒthe ht¾ðe.

{æÞtn™¼tus™ …h ¾tË ™sh ht¾ðe. MðåA-Ëw½z

ðtËýtu, þtf-¼tS™e ËVtE y™ts™e ËVtE ð„uhu

ƒtƒ‚tu W…h htu®sŒe ‚fuŒthe ÷uðtÞ ‚u s Wr[‚ Au.

ÞtuøÞ «{tý{tk ‘{æÞnT™ ¼tus™’ ™tu Mxtuf V¤ðtÞ

y™u ƒt¤ftu™u …tu»týÞwõ‚ ytnth {¤u ‚u™wk ¾tË æÞt™

yt…ðwk.

ð„oftÞo{tk Œir™f ytÞtus™ «{týu ftÞo Útðwk

yr™ðtÞo Au. r[ºt, rþÕ…, Ëk„e‚, h{‚-„{‚ y™u

ÔÞtÞt{ ð„uhu «ð]Â¥tytu ™u ÞtuøÞ «tÄtLÞ yt…e su ‚u

rð»tÞ{tk ™¬h ft{„ehe ÚttÞ ‚u sYhe Au. ½ýeðth

W…h r™Œuoþe‚ rð»tÞtu {tºt ytÞtus™ …qh‚t Ëer{‚

hnu Au y™u ð„oftÞo Út‚wk ™Úte íÞthu yt…ýtÚte òÛÞu

W„‚e «r‚¼tytu W…h AuŒ {qkfðt™wk …t… ÚtE òÞ Au.

yt{ ™ ÚttÞ ‚u™e yð~Þ ft¤S ÷Eyu. Œhuf rð»tÞ™u

Ëh¾wk «tÄtLÞ yt…eyu. y™u su ‚u rð»tÞ™e

«r‚¼tytu™u yt„¤ ðÄðt{tk …qhwk {t„oŒþo™ yt…eyu.

ƒt¤ftu™u yt…ýu Ëthe ƒtƒ‚tu {tºt ¼ýtððt™e ™Úte.

yt…ýu ‚u Ëthe ƒtƒ‚tu™u ÞÚttMðY…u yt[hý {tk {qkfe

Sðe ƒ‚tððt™e Au. rþûtf ‚tu ƒt¤ftu {txu ‘{tuz÷

÷tEV’ Au. yt…ýu òýeyu Aeyu ‚u{ ƒt¤ftu ‚u™t

rþûtf™u y™wËhu Au. yt…ýu ð„o¾kz{tk fu ð„o¾kz™e

ƒnth yt…ýt ƒt¤ftu Ë{ût yu he‚u «M‚w‚ ÚtEyu fu

yt…ýu ƒt¤ftu{tk su ytŒþo ËkMfthtu™wk «íÞtÞ™

fhðt™wk Au ‚u ‚{t{ „wýtuðt¤wk Sð™ Sððt yt…ýt

ƒt¤ftu {sƒqh ÚtE òÞ. yt…ýu yt…ýt ƒt¤ftu

Ë{ût ‘þÂõ‚{t,’ ‘ytÞo{t™,’ ‘ne-{u™’, «M‚w‚

Útðt™wk Au. y™u yu {xu yt…ýu yt…ýe ò‚™u ‚iÞth

fhðe …zþu. rðþu»t ðtk[™ y™u ËkŒ¼o¿tt™ {txu

s„‚™t W¥t{ ËtrníÞ™u ytí{Ët‚ fhðwk …zþu. fthý

fu „wY™tu yuf ÔÞtÏÞt{tk yu{ fnuðtÞwk Au fu ‘„whw’ yux÷u

yuf fh‚tk rðþu»t rð»tÞtu{tk r™…wý‚t™e fûttyu ¿tt™

Ähtð™th yËtÄthý ÔÞÂõ‚. ‚tu ytðtu yt…ýu

yt…ýt ð„o¾kz{tk …ý ðËk‚ r¾÷ðeyu.

Mðt©Þ y™u ËkÞ{ yu [trhºÞ™tk ƒu VMðt©Þ y™u ËkÞ{ yu [trhºÞ™tk ƒu V

Mðt©Þ y™u ËkÞ{ yu [trhºÞ™tk ƒu VMðt©Þ y™u ËkÞ{ yu [trhºÞ™tk ƒu VMðt©Þ y™u ËkÞ{ yu [trhºÞ™tk ƒu V

uVËtk uVËtk

uVËtk uVËtk uVËtk

Au.Au.

Au.Au.Au.

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 15

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Ëtht yûthftu™u fnuðtÞ ?

1. yûthtu™tu ÞtuøÞ ð¤tkf, ËwkŒh {htuz.

2. yûthtu Ë«{tý, yuf Ëh¾t {t…™t.

3. yt¾wk ÷¾tý ËeÄe ÷exe{tk.

4. „wsht‚e yûthtu ÷exe ™e[uu, ÷exe™u yze™u.

5. yûthtu™e ƒu nth ðå[u ÞtuøÞ yk‚h.

6. yuf þ猙t yûthtu ¼u„t, AqxtAwxt ™rn.

7. ƒu þçŒtu ðå[u ÞtuøÞ yk‚h, þçŒtu AqxtAqxt.

8. Ë{t™ ð¤tkfðt¤t yûthtu™t ð¤tkf M…ü

ytu¤¾tE ytðu yuðt.

Þ,[,{, ¼, Ä, ½, …, Þ, ût, ¿t, ¾ ƒ

9. òuztûthtu ÞtuøÞ he‚u òuzu÷t.

10. Mðh™e Ëk¿ttytu™tu W…Þtu„ ÞtuøÞ he‚u.

11. ntkrËÞtu yð~Þ ht¾ðtu.

12. Vfht …tzðts òuEyu.

13. rðht{r[ötu ™tu ÞtuøÞ søÞtyu W…Þtu„.

14. òuzýe Ët[e, òuzýe™e ¼q÷tu ð„h™wk ÷¾tý.

15. zt½tzq½e ð„h™wk AufAtf ð„h™wk ÷¾tý.

16. yr‚ ½e{t ™rn, yr‚ W‚tð¤u ™rn, ÞtuøÞ

Íz…u ÷¾ðt™e xuð.

Ëtht yûth fhðtþwk fhðwk òuEyu

1. Ëtht yûthtu™t ™{q™t yufºt fhðt. ‚u fu{

Ëtht Au ‚u òuðwk - ƒ‚tððwk

2. ¾htƒ yûthtu™t ™{q™t yufºt fhðt. ‚u fu{

¾htƒ Au ‚u òuðwk- ƒ‚tððwk.

3. yûthtu Ëtht fu ¾htƒ fhðt ‚u yt…ýt ntÚt™e

ðt‚ Au.

4. ‘‘«íÞuf {týË ft¤S ht¾u ‚tu ËwkŒh yûthu

÷¾e þfu’’, yuðtu ytí{rðïtË s„tzðtu.

5. rðãtÚteo rþûtf™t yûth™u ytŒþo „ýu Au {txu

rþûtfu ‚tu yûth Ëtht fhðt s òuEyu.

6. ¾qƒ ÷¾ðt™wk ntuÞ ‚tu fkxt¤tu ytðu Au,

yûthtu{tk ƒuft¤S ÚttÞ Au. {txu ðÄthu …z‚wk

÷¾ðt™wk ™ yt…ðwk.

7. ™rn ƒnw W‚tð¤u fu ™rn ƒnw Äe{u,

þYyt‚Útes ÞtuøÞ Íz…u ÷¾‚tk þe¾ððwk.

8. ÷¾‚tk þe¾u ‚u …nu÷tk ytfthtu™tu, ð¤tkftu™tu

{ntðhtu ƒhtƒh fhtððtu.

9. ËeÄe hu¾t Ëir™ftu™e su{ ËeÄe Q¼u÷e.

10. ËtŒt ð¤tkftu, hu¾tytu Úte ÚtE þf‚tk r[ºttu Œtuhe

ƒ‚tððtk, …Ae ‚u{ fhðt fnuðwk.

11. At…u÷t, ntÚtu ÷¾u÷t ËwkŒh yûthtu òuE™u ‚u™t

suðwk ËwkŒh ÷¾ðt™tu {ntðhtu fhu.

12. ËwÞturs‚ ‚t÷e{ y™u Ë‚‚ {ntðhtÚte ËwkŒh

yûth ÚtE þfu Au.

13. ÷¾ðt™tk ËtÄ™tu MðåA ntuðtk òuEyu.

14. {™{tk rð[the™u ðtõÞtu „tuXðe™u ÷¾u suÚte

…Ae AufAtf ™ fhðe …zu.

15. ÷¾u÷wk VheÚte ‚…tËe sðt™e xuð …tzu.

16. su fkE ÷¾eyu ‚u ËwkŒh yûthu s ÷¾eyu ‚uðtu

yt„ún.

17. nheVtE òu fhðe ntuÞ ‚tu ytx÷wk fÞto …Ae s.

{ntðht {txu™tk ð¤tkftu

ztì. yu. ðe. …xu÷

‚kºte ‘‘{iºte’’

ËwkŒh [trhºÞ yu ‚{t{ f¤tytu{tk ËtiÚte ËwkŒh f¤t ËwkŒh [trhºÞ yu ‚{t{ f¤tytu{tk ËtiÚte ËwkŒh f¤t

ËwkŒh [trhºÞ yu ‚{t{ f¤tytu{tk ËtiÚte ËwkŒh f¤t ËwkŒh [trhºÞ yu ‚{t{ f¤tytu{tk ËtiÚte ËwkŒh f¤t ËwkŒh [trhºÞ yu ‚{t{ f¤tytu{tk ËtiÚte ËwkŒh f¤t

Au.Au.

Au.Au.Au.

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 16

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{ntðht{tk W…Þtu„e ÚttÞ ‚uðe yt y™u ytðe

ƒeS ½ýe ytf]r‚ytu yt…e þftÞ.

{ntðht {txu™t yûthtu, Ëh¾t ð¤tkftu ËtÚtu.

z z f X V n

x Z h [ Ë þ

… »t Þ Út 1 ð 7

Œ ½ ½ A 3 Á 6 0

E 8 s „ Í ý Í

÷ ¤ { ¼ y ¾

ƒ ‚ ™ ût ¿t © É

«Þtu„ fÞto …Ae™tk yt yk„u™t yt…™tk Ëq[™tu

ytðftÞo Au.

• ztƒtuzeytu …ý ËwkŒh yûth fhe þfu Au.

• ‚u{™u ztƒu ntÚt ÷¾ðt {txu xtufðt ™rn.ztƒu ntÚtu

÷¾ðt Œuðwk.

• ftuEyu ‚u{™t{tk ztƒtuze {txu ÷½w‚t Q¼e fhe

ntuÞ ‚tu ‚u Œqh fhe, ztƒtuzeytu™tk Wäð÷ Œütk‚

ƒ‚tðe. ytí{rðïtË s„tzðtu.

• {qÕÞtkf™ ð¾‚u „wýtkf™{tk ËwkŒh yûth™t ƒÄt

{wÆt™u ytðhe™u {qÕÞtkf™ fhðwk. yuf …ý {wÆtu

Aqxðtu ™ òuEyu.

• ƒu Úte ðÄw ÔÞÂõ‚ytu Øtht {qÕÞtkf™ fhtððwk.

• ƒÄt {wÆt™u ytðhe ÷u‚tk „wýtkf™ …ºtf{tks

„wýtkf™ fhtððwk.

ËwkŒh nM‚tûth• Ëtht yûth Ëtht rþûtý™wk …nu÷wk …„rÚtÞwk Au.

• Ëtht yûth yu yuf f÷t Au.

• {htuzŒth, Ëw½z y™u M…»x yûthtu Ëti™u ytf»tuo Au.

• ƒ[…ýÚtes yt f¤t ËtæÞ fhðt™e ËtÄ™t fhðe

òuEyu.

• Ëtht yûth ƒt¤f™t rðftË{tk ysƒ

ytí{rðïtË «uhu Au.

• ™Xtht yûth yu yÄqhe fu¤ðýe™e r™þt™e Au.

„tkÄeS.

• yufðth yûthtu™tu {htz ytk„zeytu™tk xuhðt{tk

ÂMÚth ÚtÞt …Ae Sð™¼h yus {htuz ftÞ{ hnu

Au.

• yûthtu Ëwðtå[ ytk¾™u „{u yuðt, {™{tunf

{htuzŒth ÚttÞ. ‚u Ëtht yûth.

• «íÞuf rþÂût‚ ÔÞÂõ‚ {txu ËwkŒh yûthtu yu

«Ëkþ™eÞ rËÂØ Au.

nk{uþt ÞtŒ ht¾u Au. su™uu …tA¤Úte ƒŒ÷ðwk

y½hwk ntuÞ Au.

Ën{‚/ yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // fu{ ?

2) ƒt¤f Au.

f- yuf ¾t÷e …tºt su™u ¼hðt™wk Au.

¾- ¼e™e {txe su™u ytfth yt…ðt™tu Au.

„- Atuz su™u …týe ËtU[ðt™wk Au.

½- ft[e {txe™tu ½ztu suu™u …fððt™tu Au.

3) yuf ƒt¤f{tk þe¾ðt™e y{ÞtorŒ‚ ût{‚t

ntuÞ Au.

yt…ýt ƒt¤ftu y™u þe¾ðt™e «rfÞtyt…ýt ð„o¾kz{tk ƒuXu÷tk ¼tu¤tk, ™t™tk „w÷tƒ

Ë{tk yt…ýt ƒt¤Œuðtu y™u ‚uytu™u þe¾ððt™e

«r¢Þt rð»tu yt…ýu þwk {t™eyu Aeyu ‚u yt… yt…™t

MxtVr{ºttu ðå[u [[to fhtu y™u yt…ýe {tLÞ‚tytu

Ët[e fu ¾tuxe Au ‚u ò‚u s ™¬e fhtu. Œhuf ðtõÞ™e

ËtÚtu rðfÕ…tu yt…u÷ Au. su rðfÕ… ËtÚtu yt… {tLÞ‚t

Ähtðtu Au. ‚tu fU{ {tLÞ‚t Ähtðtu Au. ‚u™e …ý [[to

fhtu y™u Ëðto™wk{‚u ftuE yuf {‚ W…h ytðe ‚u™wk

ð„o¾kz{tk y{÷efhý fhtu.

[[to…ºt :- 1 ƒt¤ftu rðþu rðïtË y™u

{tLÞ‚tytu..

1) ƒt¤f þYyt‚™t ytX ð»to{tk su þe¾e ÷u Au ‚u

ztì. yu.ðe. …xu÷

‘‘‚kºte’’ ztÞx, Ëk‚ht{…wh

[trhºÞ {™w»Þ™e Ëðo©uc Ëk…Â¥t [trhºÞ {™w»Þ™e Ëðo©uc Ëk…Â¥t

[trhºÞ {™w»Þ™e Ëðo©uc Ëk…Â¥t [trhºÞ {™w»Þ™e Ëðo©uc Ëk…Â¥t [trhºÞ {™w»Þ™e Ëðo©uc Ëk…Â¥t

Au.Au.

Au.Au.Au.

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 17

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

4) ƒt¤f™wk æÞt™ …‚kr„Þt™tu {tVf yuf ðM‚wÚte

ƒtuò ðM‚w …h òÞ Au.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

5) ƒt¤f ™x¾x «f]r‚™t ntuÞ Au y™u ‚u{™u

rþM‚ þe¾ðtzðe …zu Au.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

6) ƒt¤f™wk {„s {tuý suðwk yÚtðt yuf ftuhe M÷ux

suðwk ntuÞ Au.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

7) ƒt¤ftu rs¿ttËwk ntuÞ Au y™u þe¾ðt™e EåAt

ht¾u Au.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

8) ƒt¤f swŒe-swŒe ðM‚wytuÚte h{ðt™wk …ËkŒ fhu

Au y™u yu™t Øtht ‚uytu ½ýwk ƒÄwk þe¾u Au.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

9) ƒt¤ftu …tu‚t™e ytsw-ƒtsw þtuľtu¤ fhe þfu

Au y™u Äýwk ƒÄwk òýe þfu Au.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

(10) ƒt¤ftu™wk {™ fÕ…™tÚte ¼hu÷wk ntuÞ Au y™u

‚u{™u Œh ð¾‚u ™ðe ™ðe ðt‚tu h[ðt™wk Ëthwk

÷t„u Au.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

(11) ƒt¤ftu ò‚ y™w¼ðÚte ðÄthu þe¾u Au y™u

™f÷Úte ytuAwk.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

(12) 7Úte 11 ð»to™t ƒt¤ftu ftÞo-fthý™tu ËkƒkÄ

þtuÄe þfu Au.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

(13) ƒt¤ftu ykŒhtu-ykŒh {¤e™u sqÚt ftÞo fhe þfu Au

y™u yu™t Øtht ½ýe {n¥ð™e ðM‚w þe¾e þfu

Au.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

[[to…ºt-2 þe¾ðt™e «rfÞt rðþu rðïtË

y™u {tLÞ‚tytu...

1) ƒt¤ftu yu s þe¾u Au su yu{™u þe¾ðtzðt{tk

ytðu Au.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

2) ƒt¤ftu™u „{u ‚u Wk{hu þe¾ðt™tu ftuE …ý

y™w¼ð yt…e þftÞ Au.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

3) ƒt¤ftu™u þe¾ðt {txu ËtiÚte ðÄthu sYhe Au.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

f. ðze÷tu™e ðt‚ Ëtk¼¤ðe.

¾. rð[thðwk y™u …tu‚t™e ò‚u y™w¼ð fhðtu.

„. …tu‚t™t r{ºttu™e ËtÚtu ft{ fhðwk.

yt ºtýuÞ™tu «tÚtr{f‚t™t ¢{{tk „tuXðtu.

4) rþûtf Œhuf ƒt¤f {txu yuf r™r©‚

Ë{Þ„t¤t{tk þe¾ðt™t y™w¼ð yt…ðt™wk

™¬e fhe þfu Au.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

5) ðthkðth yÇÞtË fhðt{tk y™u „tu¾ðt{tk

‚Vtð‚ Au.

nt/ ™t.

òu nt. ‚tu þwk ‚Vtð‚ Au. ?

6) ƒt¤ftu þe¾e þfu ‚u {txu ÞtŒþÂõ‚™t

W…Þtu„™e ‚ftu sYhe Au.

«r‚¼t™u [trhºÞ „ýe ÷uðt™e ¼q÷ fŒeÞ ™ fhðe ½xu.«r‚¼t™u [trhºÞ „ýe ÷uðt™e ¼q÷ fŒeÞ ™ fhðe ½xu.

«r‚¼t™u [trhºÞ „ýe ÷uðt™e ¼q÷ fŒeÞ ™ fhðe ½xu.«r‚¼t™u [trhºÞ „ýe ÷uðt™e ¼q÷ fŒeÞ ™ fhðe ½xu.«r‚¼t™u [trhºÞ „ýe ÷uðt™e ¼q÷ fŒeÞ ™ fhðe ½xu.

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 18

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

7) ƒt¤ftu ftuE ËkfÕ…™t þe¾e þfu ‚u {txu ËtiÚte

ðÄthu sYhe Au.

f) rþûtf ËkfÕ…™t™u M…»xhe‚u sýtðe Œu.

¾) rþûtf ƒt¤ftu™e ËtÚtu ËkfÕ…™t W…h

[[to fhu y™u ‚u{™t «§tu™t sðtƒ

yt…u.

„) rþûtf ƒt¤ftu {txu yuðt y™w¼ðtu …whtk

…tzu, su{tk ƒt¤ftu™u ËkfÕ…™t ËtÚtu

Ëk½»to fhðt™tu ‚f {¤u.

8) «ð]Â¥t fhtððe Ëthe he‚ Au. yu{tk ƒt¤ftu™u

yt™kŒ ytðu Au. …hk‚w þe¾ðwk-þe¾ðtzðwk

„k¼eh ft{ Au. y™u ‚u „k¼eh‚t Úte s ÚtE þfu

Au.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

9) ƒt¤f{tk rs¿ttËt …uŒt fhðe. þe¾ðt {txu.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

10) Œhuf ƒt¤f ftuE ût{‚t™u «t fhe ÷u yu {txu

‚u ût{‚tk …h yuf yÚtðt ƒu ytŒþo «ð]Â¥t

yÚtðt …tX ƒ™tððt sYhe Au.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

11) ƒt¤ftu yuf ð¾‚{tk yuf s ðM‚w þe¾u Au y™u

r™ãtrh‚ ¢{{tk þe¾u Au.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

12) ð„o¾kz{tk Œhuf ƒt¤f™u þe¾ðt™e ‚ftu yt…ðe

yþõÞ Au.

Ën{‚ / yËn{‚ / ykþ‚: Ën{‚ // þt

{txu ?

13) yts™e ‚the¾{tk ð„o¾kz{tk Út‚e «r¢Þt yt

ƒt¤ftu™e sYheÞt‚tu …qhe …tzu Au.

1. Atufheytu.

2. ytrŒðtËe ƒt¤ftu

3. rðf÷tk„

4. nh‚e-Vh‚e òr‚™t ƒt¤ftu.

5. ƒt¤©r{f.

nt / ™t / fux÷ef nŒ ËwÄe.

÷t÷[™wk Ä™ (ðt‚to)

Ëkf÷™: zt{tuh sËðk‚fw{th yu{.yuf {tuxwk sk„÷ n‚wk yu{tk ½ýtk «týeytu hnu‚tk

n‚tk. yuf …th½e sk„÷{tk rþfthu ™eféÞtu.

sk„÷{tk …nu÷tu s rþfth yuf nhý™tu {¤e

„Þtu. yuf s ƒtýu ðeÄtE™u nhý {hý …tBÞwk.

…th½e {hu÷t nhý™u ftkÄu ™t¾e ½hu sðt

Q…zâtu hM‚t{tk yuf ¼qkz ¼uxe „Þwk ™u …th½e™u yu™tu

…ý rþfth fhðt™e ÷t÷[ ÚtE ytðe.

nhý™u nuXwk W‚the Ä™w»t …h ƒtý [Ztðe ¼qkz

‚hV ƒtý Atuzâwk. ƒtý ¼qkz™u ðtøÞwk …ý ¼qkz {ÞwO ™rn.

¼qkz …th½e™e Ët{u ½MÞwk.¼qkzu …tu‚t™t Œw‚þq¤ …th½e™t

…ux{tk ¾tuËe ŒeÄt. …th½eyu ¼ux{tkÚte Ahtu ¾U[e

¼qkz™t …ux{tk ½tu[e ŒeÄtu.

ÚtÞwk yuðwk fu yu MÚt¤u yuf Ët… hnu‚tu n‚tu.

…th½e™u fhzðt yu ÷t„ ‚tf‚tu n‚tu. ƒhtƒh yu s

ð¾‚u Ët… …ý {he „Þtu. …u÷tu ¼qkz …ý ˾‚ ½ðtÞtu

n‚tu yux÷u yu s ðu¤t {hý …tBÞtu.

nhý ‚tu {hu÷tu s n‚tu.

yt{, yufËtÚtu [th {zŒtk nuXt …zâtk : yuf

…th½e™wk, ƒesw nhý™wk, ºtesq ¼wkz™wk y™u [tuÚtwk {zŒwk

Ët…™wk. yux÷t{tk yuf rþÞt¤ Vh‚wk Vh‚wk yt søÞtyu

ytðe …zâwk. rþÞt¤u {zŒwk òuÞwk ð¤e ƒeò ðÄtht™t

{zŒt òuÞt.

rþÞt¤ nh¾tE™u ƒtuÕÞwk : ytsu nwk Ët[u s

®[‚t Sð™™tu þºtw ®[‚t Sð™™tu þºtw

®[‚t Sð™™tu þºtw ®[‚t Sð™™tu þºtw ®[‚t Sð™™tu þºtw

Au.Au.

Au.Au.Au.

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 19

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suðwk ËeÄwk ÚtÞwk ‚uðwk ‚eh™u su{ rþÞt¤™e At‚e{tk ðtøÞwk.

rþÞt¤ ½tÞ÷ ÚtE „Þwk y™u AuÕ÷u ƒtu÷Þwk- ‘yhu hu {thwk

ytx÷wk ƒÄwk Ä™ ftuý ¾tþu ?’

rþÞt¤ …ý {he™u íÞtk s …zâwk. yuðt{tk

ytftþ{tk yuf ft„ztu Qz‚tu n‚tu ‚u íÞtk ytÔÞtu.

ft„ztu yt ƒÄt {zŒtytu òuE ƒtuÕÞtu yt rþÞt¤™u

¼÷u ®[‚t n‚e fu ‘yt ftuý ¾tþu ?’ …ý nwk {the

yt¾e ™t‚ ‚uztðeþ yu ¾tðt ‚iiÞth Au. yt{,

ft„ztyu yu™e ™t‚ ‚uztðe ƒÄt ft„ztytu™u ¼u„t

fÞtO. ƒÄt ft„ztytuyu rŒðËtu ÷„e yt {zŒtk™e

r{sƒt™e {tÛÞt fhe.

Ëtht þwf™u r™féÞtu Awk. ð„h {nu™‚u {™u fux÷tu ƒÄtu

¾tuhtf {¤e „Þtu. yt Ët… {thu yuf rŒðË [t÷þu,

yt ¼qkz {thu yuf {rn™tu [t÷þu, yt nhý {thu ƒu

{rn™t [t÷þu. ¾t‚tk ¾wxu ™rn yux÷t ƒÄt Ä™™wk nwk

{tr÷f ƒLÞwk Awk.

ytx÷wk Ä™ ‚tu ®Ën htò …tËu …ý ™rn ntuÞ.

ytx÷wk ƒtu÷e nh¾t‚wk yu ytswƒtsw ™sh fhðt

÷tøÞwk. íÞtk ‚tu yu™e ™sh …th½e™t Ä™w»Þ …h …ze.

rþÞt¤ ÷tu¼e ƒLÞwk y™u ‚u …nu÷t ytk‚hzt™e

Œtuhe ¾tðt {txu „Þwk. yuf ƒxfwk ¼he yuýu Œtuhe ft…e

™tk¾e. suðe Œtuhe ‚qxe fu ‚h‚ ft{Xwk ËeÄwk ÚtE „Þwk.

rð¿tt™ …uxe rð™t™wk rð¿tt™ rþûtý

¢{ yuf{™wk ™t{ ût{‚t ¢{tkftu sYhe þiûtrýf ËtÄ™tu

1 [wkƒf 1.1.6 Úte ™ft{e ç÷uz, Ëeððt™e ËtuÞ, ËtÞf÷™tu ythtu, [wkƒf

1.6.7 (huzeÞt™t M…efh™tu ‚qxe „Þu÷tu ¼t„)

2 „r‚, ƒ¤ y™u 6.6.1 …qXtk{tkÚte ƒ™tðu÷tu ½rzÞt¤™tu [kŒtu, {txe™t h{fzt, ¼{hztu,

Íz… …ÚÚth, Œztu.

6.6.2 ÷¾tuxe, …Þtoðhý™e ÂMÚth ðM‚wytu ‚Útt „r‚{t™ ðM‚wytu.

6.6.3 Vwø„t xt{uxw, ð…htÞu÷e xqÚt…uMx, ftkËftu, ft„¤™t xqfzt

6.6.4 Ã÷tÂMxf™e …èe, Œzt, ¾hƒ[zt …ÚÚth, ÷tfzt™wk …txeÞw,

6.6.5 hƒh, ™ft{w ËtEf÷ fu Mfwxh™wk xtÞh.

3 W»{t 8.6.1 {eý, ƒhV, Œeðtu, Vwø„tu, þeþe, hk„e™ …týe, ðes¤e

ƒÕƒ{tkÚte ƒ™tðu÷ [kƒw, ft[™e ¼q„¤e

4 W»{t r™„o{™ 8.6.5 Úte ƒhV, „h{ …týe ˤ„‚w ÷tfzw, ÷tu¾kz™tu Ër¤Þtu

8.6.7 ft…z™t xwfzt, ft„¤™e …èe, Œeðtu, ™ft{t ƒu zçƒt™u ËVuŒ

y™u ft¤tu f÷h, ÷tfzt™tu xwfztu ÷tu¾kz™tu xwfztu.

5 «ftþ 8.6.9 ºtý …qkXt, {eýƒ¥te, rŒðtˤe, ft…z™t …zŒt, Œeðtu fu ƒuxhe

Œzt, ™t™t-{tuxt …qXt™wk ¾tu¾q, {eýƒ¥te ft„¤

6 Qòo 12.6.1 ðtkË™e [e…™wk Ä™w»t, Œtuhe [tðeðt¤w h{fzwk, ft[, …ÚÚth,

ft„¤ ƒuxhe™tu ð…htÞu÷tu Ëu÷, Vqxu÷t Vxftzt™wk htufux,

Ã÷tÂMxf™wk „tu¤ [¢, Œtuhe

7 ËqÞo{kz¤ 10.6.1 Úte ÷tfzt™e „h„ze, Œtuhe, ™t™t {tuxt ƒu …ÚÚth yheËtu, xtu[o

10.6.4

®[‚t Ë{t™ ƒeswk ftuE þheh™u þtu»t™thwk ™Úte.®[‚t Ë{t™ ƒeswk ftuE þheh™u þtu»t™thwk ™Úte.

®[‚t Ë{t™ ƒeswk ftuE þheh™u þtu»t™thwk ™Úte.®[‚t Ë{t™ ƒeswk ftuE þheh™u þtu»t™thwk ™Úte.®[‚t Ë{t™ ƒeswk ftuE þheh™u þtu»t™thwk ™Úte.

©e yth. fu. …xu÷

„rý‚-rð¿tt™ yuf{

ztÞx, Ëk‚ht{…wh

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 20

8 ûtuºtV¤™wk {t…™ 13.6.1 Úte [tu¬Ë {t…™t …qkXt, ft‚h «uÂLË÷, hk„e™ ft„¤, „útV …u…h

13.6.4 swŒt swŒt (yr™Þr{‚) ytfth™t …t™, ft„¤™t xwfzt, #x,

…qXtk{tkÚte ft…u÷t …„™t …kò™wk fxª„

9 yt…ýe ytË…tË 7.6.1 Úte ftuhtft„¤, ÷ªƒw, y„hƒ‚e, rŒðtˤe, ËtƒwŒtýt,

7.6.3 ½ËtE „Þu÷ Ahe fu ç÷uz, Vwø„t, [q™tu, ¾tkz, ¾tðt™t Ëtuzt,

{eýƒ¥te ÏÞt÷tu.

10 …ŒtÚttuo™t MðY… 2.6.4 ƒhV, …týe, Vwø„t, ˤe, Œtuhe, #x, ¾e÷e, …ÚÚth, {eý,

[{[e, ft[™tu ÏÞt÷tu, swŒt-swŒt ytfth™t ðtËýtu, hƒh™e

xâqƒ.

11 ‚íð, r{©ý y™u 2.6.1 Úte hu‚e, ftkfht, ftk…, ft„¤

ËkÞtus™ 2.6.3 rŒðtˤe, ÷ªƒw, ¾tkz, [tuf

12 ½xftu™u Aqxt …tzðt 2.6.6 …qXtk™e Ëq…ze, [t¤ýe, Ëw‚htW Íeýwk ft…z, Äq¤, hu‚e, zntu¤w

…týe, ÃÞt÷tu, {eXw, fuhtuËe™, {Ä, „¤ýe, y™ts™t Vtu‚ht

13 …týe 5.6.4 Úte …týe, ƒhV, {eý, ft[™tu ÏÞt÷tu, {eXw, ¾tkz, hu‚e,

5.6.12 ftu÷Ëtu, ft[™wk …tºt {tx÷w, hu‚e, ftkfht, ½tkx÷e ftkfhe f…[e

14 nðt 5.6.13 Úte hftƒe, ft[™tu ÏÞt÷tu, {eýƒ¥te …týe, ƒhV, [q™tu, ¼qk„¤e

10.6.17 þtne™e xtuxe, r…[fthe, fuhtuËe™™tu …k…, ËtEf÷™e xâqƒ

nðt ¼hðt™tu …k….

15. ËSð™e yuf{ 3.6.1 Úte rƒ÷tuhe ft[, …tkŒzt, ðt¤ ƒúuz™tu xwfztu, zwk„¤e

ftu»t 3.6.4

16 ð™M…r‚™t yk„tu 4.6.1 Úte - ð™M…r‚™t {q¤ ËtÚtu™tu Atuz htE, hftƒe, Y, òËwkŒ™e zt¤e

4.6.5 - swŒeswŒe ð™M…r‚™t …t™, rƒ÷tuheft[, ðtËe htux÷e fu

htux÷tu.

4.6.5 - ‚w÷Ëe, ™e÷r„rh, ytŒw, fwkðh…tXw, yhzqËe™t …t™.

17 {q¤, «ftkz, 4.6.6Úte {q¤ ËtÚtu™tu Atuz

…ýo™t ftÞtuo 4.6.8 „tsh, þ¬rhÞt, ytŒw, ðz™e ðzðtE, VtVztÚttuh™wk …ýo,

ðu÷tu, ftuƒes rƒ÷tuhe ft[.

18 yt…ýw þheh-1 9.6.1 ntz®…sh™e «r‚f]r‚

19 yt…ýw þheh-2 9.6.2 …t[™‚kºt y™u ïË™‚kºt™t swŒtswŒt ¼t„tu …qkXt yÚtðt

Út{tuoftu÷{tkÚte ƒ™tðu÷t yÚtðt {tuzu÷.

20 Œwr»t‚ …týe y™u 11.6.2 Œwr»t‚ …týe, swŒe-swŒe Vw„ ÷e÷, rƒ÷tuhe ft[, Ã÷tÂMxf™e

¾tuhtf ftuÚt¤e, htux÷e yÚtðt ¼t¾he, ƒúuz.

21. …tu»tf ‚¥ðtu™e 11.6.1 þtf¼tS, V¤tu, fXtu¤ y™u y™ts™t ™{q™t

¾t{eÚte Út‚t

22 s{e™ 5.6.1 Úte ƒu …‚ht™t ¾tu¾t, {txe, ½tË, ftýtðt¤t zçƒt s{e™™t

5.6.3 swŒt-swŒt ™{q™t

®[‚tÚte ®[‚tÚte

®[‚tÚte ®[‚tÚte ®[‚tÚte

Y…, ƒ¤ y™u ¿tt™™tu ™tþ ÚttÞ Y…, ƒ¤ y™u ¿tt™™tu ™tþ ÚttÞ

Y…, ƒ¤ y™u ¿tt™™tu ™tþ ÚttÞ Y…, ƒ¤ y™u ¿tt™™tu ™tþ ÚttÞ Y…, ƒ¤ y™u ¿tt™™tu ™tþ ÚttÞ

Au.Au.

Au.Au.Au.

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 21

¢{ yuf{™wk ™t{ ût{‚t ¢{tkftu sYhe þiûtrýf ËtÄ™tu

1 rƒ÷tuhe ft[™e 1.5.1 Úte ™ft{tu ft[™tu xwfztu (M÷tRz), …týe, Wze „Þu÷tu ƒÕƒ,

„B{‚ 1.5.2 rŒðtˤe™wwk ¾t÷e ¾tu¾wk ç÷uz ð„uhu.

2 sqÚt ƒ™tð‚tk þe¾tu 2.5.1 Úte ð„o¾kz™e ‚{t{ ðM‚wytu, ƒk„ze™t xwfzt, …u™, …uLËe÷ ð„uhu

…íÚth, Ae…÷tk, f[qft, ÷¾tuxe, hƒh™t xwfzt, [tuf÷ux Œðt™e

xefze, ¾e÷e, Xefhwk,

3 ËSð, r™Soð 3.5.1 …Þtoðhý{tk rðrðÄ MÚt¤tu™e {w÷tft‚ „tuXððe.

4 ƒes y™u ‚u™wk 4.5.1 Úte rðrðÄ «fth™t y™ts™t ™{q™t, ðtxfe, At…t™t xwfzt,

Q„ðwk 4.5.3 ÃÞt÷tu, (ft[™tu) ÷tfzt™e …èe, Œtuhtu, ft…z™tu xwfztu.

5 s{e™™u 5.5.1Úte s{e™™t rðrðÄ ™{q™t ft[™tu ÏÞt÷tu, …qXw, Ã÷tMxef™e

ytu¤¾eyu …thŒþof Útu÷e

6 yt…ýt Sð™{tk 5.5.4 ™ft{wk {tx÷w,

…týe 5.5.5 - {w÷tft‚ îtht þe¾ðe þftÞ.

7 Sð-s„‚{tk 3.5.2 $f…uz, (þtne), ft„¤, ƒtì÷…u™ (…uÂLË÷) …qXt™t xwfzt

8 Qòo 12.5.1 Úte {w÷tft‚ îtht Ë{s yt…e þftÞ.

12.5.2

9 fux÷t ðtøÞt 13.5.1Úte Wze „Þu÷t ƒÕƒ, Vuðeftu÷, þeþe, ft[™tu ÃÞt÷tu, Œtuhe™tu

13.5.3 xwfztu, hƒh™tu Œztu (Œze) ½rzÞt¤.

10 Ëwýòu hu 8.5.1 Úte [{[e, Útt¤e, rŒðtˤe™wk ¾tu¾w, Œtuhe, …e…qze, Ã÷tMxef™e

¼tE ËtŒ 8.5.4 …èe.

11 «týe s„‚ 9.5.1 {w÷tft‚ îtht («týe Ëk„únt÷Þ™e {w÷tft‚)

9.5.2

12 ™he ytk¾u 10.5.1 ƒuxhe y™u …qXw

Œu¾t‚w ytftþ 10.5.2

13 ¾tuhtf y™u 11.5.1 Úte ™ft{e ft[™e þeþeytu, þtne …qhðt™e xtuxe

ythtuøÞ 11.5.3

14 ÷kƒtE™wk {t…™ 13.5.1. Úte Vqx…èe, …uLËe÷, rŒðtˤe ÷tfzt™t xwfzt

13.5.3

15 yt…ýe ytË…tË 7.5.1 - {w÷tft‚ îtht

Út‚t VuhVthtu - ŒqÄ, ft„¤, rŒðtˤe.

16 nðt Au ? 5.5.6 ztu÷, ÃÞt÷tu, ft„¤, Vwø„t, xtkfýe, ÷tfzt™e ˤe, Œtuhtu,

™Úte ? ™Úte ? Au 5.5.7 Ã÷tMxef™e …tE… Œðt¾t™t™tu ¾t÷e ø÷wftuÍ™tu ƒtux÷.

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rð¿tt™ …uxe rð™t™wk rð¿tt™

Sð™ yux÷u «u{ y™u ©{™e Ërh‚tytu™tu Ëk„{.Sð™ yux÷u «u{ y™u ©{™e Ërh‚tytu™tu Ëk„{.

Sð™ yux÷u «u{ y™u ©{™e Ërh‚tytu™tu Ëk„{.Sð™ yux÷u «u{ y™u ©{™e Ërh‚tytu™tu Ëk„{.Sð™ yux÷u «u{ y™u ©{™e Ërh‚tytu™tu Ëk„{.

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 22

17 ËSðtu yt…ýt ŒtuM‚tu 3.5.3 {w÷tft‚ îtht þe¾ðe þftÞ.

18 «ftþ 8.5.5 Úte rŒðtˤe™t ¾tu¾tk, Ëtƒw™wk ¾t÷e ¾tu¾w, ƒuxhe, {eýƒ¥te,

8.5.7 ft[™tu …thŒþof xwfzt.

19 yt…ýtk ft{ 6.5.1 Úte ft‚h, ËtkzËe, nÚttu¤e, [Ã…w, Ëk[tu, Ät‚[w, M¢q, ¾e÷e

Ëh¤ 6.5.4 ÷tfzt™tu xwfztu. - {w÷tft‚ îtht

20 rð¿tt™ yt…ýt 1.5.3 Úte ([t™e fux÷e)

Ëti™wk 1.5.4 - ™ft{wk Ät‚w™wk zƒ÷w (…t™™t „Õ÷t{tkÚte {¤e þfu.)

fwfh™w WŒt.

Œt‚tytu‚tu nS Au, sYh Au

Võ‚ Ëtht «Þí™™e

Ët[e rŒþt{tk fhu÷ «Þí™™wk V¤ yð~Þ Ët[wk

s {¤u Au. ‚u y™wËth …k[{nt÷ rsÕ÷t™e ÷wýtðtzt

‚t÷wft™e ðt½Sƒtheyt™t {wðtzt «t.þt¤t™t

yt[tÞo©e yu fhu÷ «Þí™ y™wËth Ëhfth©e ‚hVÚte

[t÷‚e {.¼tu. Þtus™t {tk þt¤t{tk ¼ý‚t rðãtÚteoytu

Útt¤e{tk s{u MðåA‚t ò¤ðe þfu, ‚u{s ƒeS

þt¤tytu™u «uhýt {¤u ‚u nu‚wËh yuf ftÞo¢{ Þtusðt{tk

ytÔÞtu.

yt ftÞo¢{{tk {wÏÞ Œt‚t ©e sÞŒe…rËkn

„k¼eh®Ën òŒð hnuðtËe {tuxt Ëtu™u÷t ‚t-÷wýtðtzt.

su ytuyu þt¤t™t ƒt¤ftu {txu 250 ™k„ Útt¤e Œt™{tk

yt…e n‚e. ËŒh ftÞ¢{{tk ntsh hnu÷ „út{s™tuyu

«uhýt ÷E …tu‚t™t ‚hVÚte …ý þt¤t™u Œt™ yt…ðt™wk

rð[tÞwO. ‚uÚte ©e ¼w÷t¼tE neht¼tE …xu÷u Útt¤e ™k„-

50, ©e suXt¼tE Äúw¤t¼tE …xu÷u Útt¤e™k„- 11 ©e

ƒtƒw¼tE …xu÷u ({nuËtýtðt¤tyu) yuf {tuxwk ‚…u÷wk

þt¤t™u ‚us rŒðËu Œt™{tk ytÃÞwk.

yt «Ëk„™u rŒ…tððt {.¼tu. Þtus™t ‚t-

÷wýtðtzt™t ™tÞƒ {t{÷‚Œth ©e «¼t‚®Ën

rfþtuh®Ën òŒð W…ÂMÚtr‚ hÌtt n‚t. suytuyu

„út{s™tu™u Œt™™tu {rn{t Ë{òÔÞtu n‚tu. ‚u{ýu

sýtÔÞwk n‚wk fu yt «Út{ þt¤t Au fu su™u yt {.¼tu.

Þtus™t{tk Œt‚t©e ‚hVÚte {tuxt{tk {tuxwk Œt™ {¤u÷ Au.

ËŒh Œt™ Œt‚t©eytu …tËuÚte {t{‚÷Œth Ëtnuƒu

{u¤ðe þt¤t™t yt[tÞo©e h{uþ[kÿ „ý…‚ht{

…kzât™u y…oý fÞwO n‚wk. þt¤t™t yt[tÞo©e ‚u{s

MxtV„ýu Œt‚tytu™wk ËL{t™ fhe yt¼th {tLÞtu n‚tu.

ðkŒ™ fheyu....ðkŒ™ fheyu rðýt Äthe,

yhs y{the Ëtk¼¤tu™u

ytþtytu™u y{h fhðt,

þhýu ‚thu ytðeyu...ðkŒ™....

rðãt ftsu {krŒh ‚thu,

r™‚ r™‚ Œtuze ytðeyu...ðkŒ™...

„wYS™u [hýu hne™u,

ytrþ»t yu{™e {t„eyu...ðkŒ™....

yt¤Ë ô½™u ‚sðt ftsu,

‚tht „wý÷t „tEyu...ðkŒ™....

™t™t {tuZu {tuxe ðt‚tu,

y{uu frŒ ™ð fheyu...ðkŒ™....

Sð™ Ët[kwk Sððt ftsu,

Ët[t hM‚u [t÷eyu...ðkŒ™....

ËtÚtu h{eyu ËtÚtu s{eyu,

ËtÚtu ¼ý‚h ¼ýeyu...ðkŒ™....

„tkÄeS™t Ë{‚t …tXtu,

Sð™ ËtÚtu ðýeyu...ðkŒ™....

yts y{u Ëti ™t™t AiÞt,

ft÷u {tuxt ÚtEyu...ðkŒ™....

¼th‚ {t™e hûtt fhðt,

nhŒ{ ËtðÄ hneyu...ðkŒ™....

{t‚-r…‚t™u „whwS™t,

Éwý frŒ™ð ¼w÷eyu...ðkŒ™....

-: nu{w :-

nu{w¼tE f÷S¼tE ‚trðÞtz

yt.rþ. W…÷t Vr¤Þt [e[týe «t.þt¤t

‚t.Ëk‚ht{…wh rs. …k[{nt÷.

Sð™ yuf Vq÷ Sð™ yuf Vq÷

Sð™ yuf Vq÷ Sð™ yuf Vq÷ Sð™ yuf Vq÷

Au, «u{ yu™e Ëtih¼ Au, «u{ yu™e Ëtih¼

Au, «u{ yu™e Ëtih¼ Au, «u{ yu™e Ëtih¼ Au, «u{ yu™e Ëtih¼

Au.Au.

Au.Au.Au.

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 23

yts™t rþûtý™wk æÞuÞ þwk ?.... yuf ®[‚™

rðsÞfw{th yth. {tAe

¼ÿt÷t «t. þt¤t, ‚t. þnuht

yts™t ft¤{tk ¼tir‚f Sð™™u ËðoMð {t™e™u

Þkºt™e su{ Œtuz‚tu hnu÷tu {t™ðe æÞuÞþqLÞ, „r‚þqLÞ

y™u rð[thþqLÞ ƒ™e™u {tºt htuxe, f…zt y™u

{ft™™e s ®[‚t fh‚tu hnu÷tu Au. Social Animalfnuðt‚t yts™t {t™ðe …tËu {tuƒtE÷, {þe™he

y™u {tu™tu…tu÷e ntuðt A‚tk, £es, VT÷ìx ™u rVÞtx ntuðt

A‚tk ftÞŒt, ðtÞŒt™u VtÞŒt™t VkŒt{tk …ze™u ÔÞË™,

Vuþ™u ™u xuLþ™™e ®sŒ„e „wòh‚tu hnu÷tu {týË Ëw¾,

þtkr‚ y™u Ë{tÄt™ ;u Au. …hk‚w rðï{tk òuðt {¤‚e

y™uf Ë{MÞtytu „heƒe, yM…]~Þ‚t, ftu{ðtŒ,

òr‚ðtŒ, Ä{oðtŒ, yt‚kfðtŒ, ¼tu„ðtŒ,

¼tir‚fðtŒ, r™heïhðtŒ ð„uhuÚte ºtM‚ ƒ™e™u

Ët{trsf, ÄtŠ{f, ytŠÚtf, htsfeÞ, ytæÞtÂí{f

y™u ™ir‚f Sð™{tk yÄ:…‚™ ÚtÞtu Au. íÞthu

Mðt¼trðf he‚u s yt…ý™u «§ ÚttÞ fu yt …rhÂMÚtr‚

{txu sðtƒŒth ftuý ? ‚h‚ sðtƒ {¤u fu {týË.

…hk‚w {týË™u {týË ƒ™tððt™e sðtƒŒthe ftu™e ?

‚tu sðtƒ {¤u rþûtý™e. ‚uÚte s yuf ®[‚™ fhðt™wk

{™ ÚttÞ Au fu yts™t rþûtý™wk æÞuÞ þwk ? rþûtý þt

{txu ?

su rþûtý ÷eÄt …Ae rðãtÚteo [trhºÞðt™ y™u

™er‚ðt™ ƒ™u ‚u s ¾hwk rþûtý. rþûtý™wk {wÏÞ æÞuÞ

[trhºÞ ½z‚h fhe {týË{tk Ët[wk {™w»Þíð Q¼wk

fhðt™wk Au. …ý Œw¼toøÞ™e ðt‚ yu Au fu yts™t

rþûtý{tk õÞtkÞ [trhºÞ ½z‚h™e ðt‚ òuðt {¤‚e

™Úte. …rhýt{u ytsu {týË, Ë{ts y™u ËkMf]r‚

yÄ:…r‚‚ ÚtÞu÷e Au. {týË-{týË™t ËkƒkÄtu{tk

MðtÚteo…ýwk, fwxwkƒ{tkÚte «u{ y™u ytí{eÞ‚t ¾÷tË ÚtE

Au. Ë{ts{tkÚte Ëuðt y™u „wY-rþ»Þ ðå[u™t

ËkƒkÄtu{tkÚte «u{ y™u ytŒh ¾÷tË ÚtÞt Au.

rþûtý{tkÚte ™er‚ y™u «{trýf‚t ¾÷tË ÚtE Au.

rð¿tt™ y™ xufT™tu÷tuS™t yuf{tºt ÷ûÞ™tu …eAtu

fh‚tu yts™tu {týË y™u Ë{ts {t™ðeÞ {qÕÞtu,

™ir‚f {qÕÞtu™t yÄ:…‚™™u fthýu ytí{níÞt, ÷qkx,

[tuhe, ƒ¤tífth suðe Ë{MÞtytu™tu ¼tu„ ƒ™e™u

÷t[th Sð™ Sðe hÌttu Au. fthý fu yt¾tu Ë{ts

ytsu ði~Þð]Â¥t™tu ÚtÞtu Au. «íÞuf ðt‚™wk {qÕÞtkf™

ytsu yÚto (…iËt){tk s fhðt{tk ytðu Au. rðãt{krŒhtu

¾e[tu¾e[ ¼hu÷t Au …ý ftuE søÞtyu ¿tt™™e

W…tË™t Œu¾t‚e ™Úte. ËhMð‚e …qs™™wk …trxÞwk ƒnth

÷xftðu÷wk ntuÞ Au. …hk‚w ykŒh ƒeS s …qò [t÷‚e

hnu÷e Au. yts™tu ft¤ s fkEf yuðtu Au fu W…h suðwk

÷uƒ÷ ÷„tzu÷wk ntuÞ Au ‚uðtu {t÷ ykŒh ntu‚tu ™Úte.

‘‘su Mºte ƒòh{tk sE™u ƒuXe ‚u ‘Mºte’ ™rn, su rðãt

ƒòh{tk sE™u ƒuXe ‚u ‘rðãt’ ™rn ytsu rðãt™wk {qÕÞ

…iËt{tk ykftÞ Au. …Ae [trhºÞ ½z‚h™e ‚tu ðt‚ s

þe fhðe ?

yts™t rþûtý{tk Sð™rðftË™wk æÞuÞ ™Úte.

Võ‚ rz„úe {u¤ððt™e ð]Â¥t Au. rþûtý™t ÄkÄtfeÞ

Ätuhý™u fthýu su rþûtý ÷eÄt …Ae ðÄw …iËt {¤u ‚uðt

rþûtý {txu ƒÄt™u ztìõxh fu yukrsr™Þh Útðwk Au. ‚uÚte

Atufht™e þÂõ‚™tu ÏÞt÷ fÞto ð„h ‚u™u rð¿tt™

«ðtn{tk Äfu÷e Œuðt{tk ytðu Au. …rhýt{u {uzef÷ fu

yukrsr™Þhª„{tk «ðuþ ™ {¤‚tk, ƒeò ftuE ûtuºt{tk

™tufhe ™ {¤‚tk Auðxu ™Aqxfu rþûtf ÚttÞ Au. ytðt

rþûtf {txu Ë{ts{tk ytŒh õÞtkÚte r™{toý ÚttÞ ? …Ae

rþûtf™u ‘…k‚wS’ fu ‘{tM‚h’ fne™u s ƒtu÷tððt{tk

ytðu ™u ? yts™wk rþûtý yu {tºt bread orientededucation (ytSrðft ÷ûte rþûtý) ƒLÞwk Au. Lifeoriented education ™rn. Sð™÷ûte rþûtý ƒ™e

þõÞwk ™Úte. rþûtf y™u rðãtÚteo ƒk™u yÚto…htÞ{ ƒLÞt

Au, ¿tt™ …htÞý ™rn.

yts™wk rþûtý yu yt…ý™u rþûtt ÷t„u Au.

fthý fu rþûtý{tk íÞt„ fu Ëuðtð]Â¥t™e fÕ…™t ™Úte.

™ir‚f ðt‚tðhý ™Úte. MðÄ{o™tu yÇÞtË ™Úte.

{w~fu÷e™tu Ët{™tu fhðtu ‚u™wk ™t{ ®sŒ„e{w~fu÷e™tu Ët{™tu fhðtu ‚u™wk ™t{ ®sŒ„e

{w~fu÷e™tu Ët{™tu fhðtu ‚u™wk ™t{ ®sŒ„e{w~fu÷e™tu Ët{™tu fhðtu ‚u™wk ™t{ ®sŒ„e{w~fu÷e™tu Ët{™tu fhðtu ‚u™wk ™t{ ®sŒ„e

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 24

‚u™tÚte r™:MðtÚto¼tð fu¤ðt‚tu ™Úte. Sðk‚ Sð™

Sððt™u ƒŒ÷u {tºt Œntzt ftZðt™e ð]Â¥t s r™{toý

ÚttÞ Au. yt…ýu {qÕÞ÷ûte y™u „wýð¥tt÷ûte rþûtý™e

ðt‚ fheyu Aeyu …ý „wýð¥tt™tu {t…Œkz fÞtu ? þwk

yts™e …heûtt …Ør‚ ? ftuE rðãtÚteo ‘{t’ W…h r™ƒkÄ

÷¾e™u ÷¾u fu ‘nwk {the {t™u r™Þr{‚ ™{Mfth fhwk

Awk.’’ ytðt ËhË ÷¾tý™t yt…ýu …qht „wý yt…eyu

Aeyu y™u ‚u™u „wýð¥ttÞwõ‚ ƒt¤f fneyu Aeyu. …ý

‚u s ƒt¤f ½hu sE™u ‚tu ‚u™e {t™u ™{Mfth™e ðt‚

‚tu Xef …ý „t¤tu yt…u Au. ‚tu þwk ƒt¤f{tk „wýð¥tt

ytðe fnuðtÞ ? …heûttY…e „wýð¥tt{tk …tË ÚtÞu÷wk

ƒt¤f Sð™÷ûte „wýð¥tt{tk ™t…tË ÚttÞ Au. íÞthu

yt…ýe yt „wýð¥tt™e …rhfÕ…™t …ý ÞtuøÞ ÷t„‚e

™Úte.

rþûtý™tu nu‚w {trn‚e yt…ðt™tu ™Úte …ý

Sð™™tu nu‚w yt…ðt™tu Au. yðto[e™ rþûtý

{trn‚e™t ¼kzthtu yt…ýe Ët{u Au. ‚u {trn‚e su

rðãtÚteo sux÷e ðÄthu ÞtŒ ht¾e þfu ‚u ËV¤ fnuðtÞ.

yuðe yt…ýe yts™t rþûtý™e fÕ…™t Au. ‚u™tÚte ‚tu

{tºt rðãtÚteo™e „tu¾ý…èe™e, M{hý™es fËtuxe

ÚttÞAu. ¿tt™ fu ƒwÂØ™e fËtuxe Út‚e ™Úte. y™u yt…ýu

35% …tË™wk Ätuhý htÏÞwk Au ‚u™tu yÚto …ý yu ÚttÞ

fu 65% ¼q÷tu [÷tðe™u …ý ‚u™u ËV¤ ònuh fhðt™tu.

yts™wk rþûtý {tºt …ux ¼hðt™e f¤t þe¾ðu Au.

…w»f¤ …iËt f{tðt™e ‚tft‚ yt…u Au. …ý yt ƒÄwk

{éÞt …Ae þwk ? {týË {týË ‚hefu Sð‚t þeÏÞtu

Au ? fE Mfq÷{tk ‚u™u f]‚¿t‚t™t …tX þe¾ððt{tk ytðu

Au ? fÞt rþûtfu ‚u™u Ëtht ™t„rhf ƒ™ðt™e «uhýt

yt…e Au ? {tºt Ëtht …iËtŒth Útðt™e «uhýt yt…e

Au. þwk VMxo õ÷tË yukrsr™Þh fu ztìõxh ftuE™tu VMxo

õ÷tË …r‚ fu VMxo f÷tË Œefhtu ƒ™e þfu Au ? þwk

rðãtÚteo™tu ¼„ðt™ …h™tu rðïtË ðæÞtu Au ? {™

{sƒq‚ ÚtÞwk Au ? «r‚fq¤‚tytu Ët{u yz„‚tÚte Q¼tu

hne þfu Au ? {tM‚h ‚tu ½ýt Au …ý ‘xe[h’ fux÷t ?

‘xe[h’ ‚tu Úttuzt ½ýt {¤u …ý ‘„wY’ fux÷t ? nwk ftuý ?

{thu õÞtk sðt™wk Au ? {the þÂõ‚ fux÷e ? {thwk æÞuÞ

þwk ? {thwk f‚]oíð þwk ? yt ƒÄt™tu rð[th fh‚tk su rþûtý

{¤u ‚u s ¾he rðãt. su™tÚte {tºt ¼tir‚f s ™rn

…ý Ët{trsf, ÄtŠ{f, ytæÞtÂí{f, ™ir‚f Sð™{tk

rðftË ËtÄe þftÞ ‚u™wk ™t{ ¼ý‚h. {tºt …ux ¼hðt

¼ýðw yu yËkMftrh‚t Au. …ý yt…ýwk Œw¼toøÞ Au fu

yts™t rþûtý{tk yt ƒÄe s ðt‚tu™tu ™tþ ÚtÞu÷tu Au.

yt ƒÄtu s rð[th fh‚tk ‚u™t Ë{tÄt™ MðY…u

yt…ý™u yt…ýe ËkMf]r‚™e ‚…tuð™ rþûtý«ýt÷e

ÞtŒ ytÔÞt ð„h hnu‚e ™Úte, fu su{tk {týË™u Q¼tu

fhðt™e ‚tft‚ n‚e, Sð™™t «íÞuf ûtuºt{tk,

{w~fu÷e{tk …ý Q¼t hne™u Sð™ rðftË fhðt™e

‚tft‚ n‚e. ‚…tuð™ rþûtý«ýt÷e{tk rðãtÚteo „wY

…htÞý, „wY rþ»Þ…htÞý, „wY y™u rþ»Þ ƒk™u ¿tt™

…htÞý y™u ¿tt™ Ëuðt…htÞý n‚wk. rþ»Þ™wkk ½z‚h

„wY™t yt[hý™t ytÄe™, rþ»Þ™e …heûtt ‚u™t

yt[hý{tk ytðu÷t „wýtí{f …rhýt{™u ytÄthu ™¬e

Út‚e. ytsu …ý ¼th‚eÞ «t[e™ Ér»t«urh‚

rþûtý«ýt÷e{tk Œwr™Þt™u yt…ðt suðe rþûtý™e

ði[trhf‚t Au. …ý yt…ýu yLÞ™e rþûtý«ýt÷e™u

y…™tðe™u …hfeÞ rðãt™t …qsf ƒLÞt Aeyu.

yk„úuòuyu yt…ý™u {t™rËf „w÷t{ ƒ™tððt {txu

Rr‚ntË™u rðf]‚ ƒ™tðe, ht{ y™u f]»ý™u yuf

ftÕ…r™f …tºttu ƒ‚tðe™u yt…ýt ©ØtfuLÿtu™u

ƒŒ÷ðt™wk ft{ fÞwo Au. A‚tk …ý yts rŒ™ ËwÄe yt…ýu

yt WAe™e ÷eÄu÷e rþûtý «ýt÷e [÷tð‚t hÌtt

Aeyu. ht{u rðïtr{ºt …tËu y™u f]»ýu ËtkrŒ…™e Ér»t

…tËu ÷eÄu÷t rþûtý™e ðt‚tu™u ¼q÷e™u, ht{, f]»ý,

™r[fu‚t, Äúwð, «n÷tŒ, ¼h‚, yuf÷ÔÞ y™u {nt™

Ér»tytu™tu [rhºttu™u rðãtÚteo™t htn{tk {qfðt™u ƒŒ÷u

yk„úuS rþûtý y™u ytÄwr™f‚t™t ™tŒ{tk …ze™u

yt…ýu …tu‚u s yt…ýe …hk…ht™tu ™tþ fhe hÌtt Aeyu

‚u™tÚte {tuxt Œw¼toøÞ™e ðt‚ ƒeS fE ntuE þfu ?

rþûtý «ýt÷e™t yuf ¼t„ ‚hefu yt…ýu Ëti yu ytðwk

®[‚™ fhðwk …zþu y™u ytðe ftuEf áÂü, rþûtý™wk

Ët[w æÞuÞ, Ët[tu nu‚w ™sh Ë{ût ht¾eþwk ‚tu s

„wýð¥tt÷ûte rþûtý™tu yt…ýtu ËkfÕ… yuf ‚tft‚

ƒ™e™u ƒnth ytðe þfþu.

Ë÷t{‚ s„tyuÚte ðeh‚t ƒ‚tððe Ënu÷e Ë÷t{‚ s„tyuÚte ðeh‚t ƒ‚tððe Ënu÷e

Ë÷t{‚ s„tyuÚte ðeh‚t ƒ‚tððe Ënu÷e Ë÷t{‚ s„tyuÚte ðeh‚t ƒ‚tððe Ënu÷e Ë÷t{‚ s„tyuÚte ðeh‚t ƒ‚tððe Ënu÷e

Au.Au.

Au.Au.Au.

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 25

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®n{‚ yk‚h{tkÚte Q¼e Út‚e ðM‚w ®n{‚ yk‚h{tkÚte Q¼e Út‚e ðM‚w

®n{‚ yk‚h{tkÚte Q¼e Út‚e ðM‚w ®n{‚ yk‚h{tkÚte Q¼e Út‚e ðM‚w ®n{‚ yk‚h{tkÚte Q¼e Út‚e ðM‚w

Au; ËkÏÞt{tkÚte ™rnAu; ËkÏÞt{tkÚte ™rn

Au; ËkÏÞt{tkÚte ™rnAu; ËkÏÞt{tkÚte ™rnAu; ËkÏÞt{tkÚte ™rn

…wM‚ftu™t ¾zf÷t ™e[u VËtE „Þw yuf …‚kr„Þw

™tuxƒwf™t ÚtÃ…t ™e[u ŒƒtE „Þw yuf - …‚kr„Þw...

÷k[ƒtuõË™tu zçƒtu yt…e ÷÷[tðe

ŒeÄw yuf …‚kr„Þt™u

¾[tu¾[ ¼hu÷e heûtt{tk „tuXðtE „Þwk

yuf …‚kr„Þwk

…uÂLË÷™e ‚eûý yýeÚte ®ðÄtE

„Þwk yuf …k‚r„Þw

yhu...Z¤‚e ËkæÞtyu {™u …wATÞw õÞt

„Þw yu …‚kr„Þwk ?

Œw:¾e Mðhu {thu fnuðwk …zâwk EhuÍh™t

yuf ÷ËhftÞu ÷wËe ™tÏÞw yu …‚kr„Þt™u...

yt ƒt„{tk ftuE™t …ý Œƒtý ð„h Wz‚t

…‚kr„Þt fux÷t ËwkŒh ÷t„u Au ! ‚tu …Ae {™u …ý yuðwk

ÚttÞ Au fu {tht {B{e-…Ã…t ytx÷wk ƒÄw Œƒtý

fu{ fh‚t nþu. {thu 90 % W…h ÷tððt™tu yt„ún s

fu{ ? fŒt[ ‚u{™t {™{tk yuðwk nþu fu nwk {the

ËtuËtÞxe{tk hnu‚t yLÞ ƒt¤ftuÚte …tA¤ ™t hne òW

‚u{ A‚t {™u yu Ë{ò‚wk ™Úte fu {B{e-…Ã…t {the

ËtÚtu yuðtu ÔÞðnth fu{ fhu Au fu òýu nwk M…ãt{tk ¼t„

÷u™th ½tuztu™t ntuÞ fu su™u «íÞuf ËufLzu yt„¤ sðt

{txu Úttƒz‚t ™t ntuÞ.

Ët[w fnw ‚{™u Ëðth™t yu÷t{o™e ½kxze ËtÚtu

ò„ðt™wk {™u sht …ý „{‚w ™Úte. Ëðth{tk {thu

½rzÞt¤™t ftkxt ËtÚtu ƒúþ fhðt™wk Lntðt™wk y™u ‚iÞth

Útðt™wk õÞthuf ‚tu rŒ…fftft heûtt ÷E™uu …tk[ {e™ex

ðnu÷t ytðe òÞ ‚tu ŒqÄ ËtÚtu ƒúuz™tu ™tM‚tu …ý fhðt

™Úte {¤‚tu y™u {B{e fnu Au fu ƒuxt Mfw÷{tk rhËuþ{tk

™tM‚tu fhe ÷u su. „Þt ð»tuo ‚tu rhûtt{tk þtk‚eÚte ƒuËt‚wk

n‚w. …ý yt ð»to òýu rŒ…ftft™u þwk ÚtÞwk fu ƒeò [th

ƒt¤ftu ™ðt y{the ËtÚtu heûtt{tk ÷E òÞ Au nðu

‘‘{thu Útðwk Au ytÍtŒ …‚kr„Þwk’’

þtkr‚Úte ƒuËt‚w …ý ™Úte. yuf …„ ƒnth ÷xftðe™u

ƒuËðwk …zu Au. hM‚t{tk {™u yu{ ÚttÞ Au õÞthu Mfw÷

ytðe òÞ fthý fu {tht …„ Œw:¾e òÞ Au.

y{the Mfw÷™t Œhðtò{tk …uË‚t s ÷tE™{tk

ÚtE sðwk …zu òýu r{÷exhe sðt™tu ™t ntuÞ Ënus

…ý ytsw ƒtsw ÚttÞ ‚tu xe[h ÷zu. {the Mfw÷{tk ‚tu

yux÷e ƒÄe rþM‚ Au fu rhËuþ rËðtÞ ‚tu ƒnth sðtÞ

s ™t. õÞthuf ‚tu ‘‘{zu{ {u ytE „tu xw ƒtÚtY{

Ã÷eÍ’’ yt{ fnuðt A‚t hò ™t {¤u fŒt[ {uz{™u

þe¾ððt™wk hne s‚wk nþu ! ƒ…tuh™t 12.00 f÷tfu

Mfw÷ Awxât …Ae yt „h{e{tk xtE …nuhu÷e ntuðt™t

fthýu {™u „w„¤t{¤ ÚttÞ Au. òýu {™u ŒtuheÚte

VtkËe™e Ëò ™t yt…‚t ntuÞ.... rŒ…f ftft™e

heûtt{tk VheÚte ytð‚t yt xÙtVef™e Ë{MÞt ½ýe s

nuht™ fhu Au. y™u ðtn™tu™t ½w{tztÚte ‚tu {™u ¾tkËe

ÚtE òÞ Au. {™u yu ™Úte Ë{ò‚w fu nk{uþt ½hu ytð‚t

heûtt{tk {™u xâwþ™™wk ntu{ðfos fu{ ÞtŒ ytð‚wk nþu !

Ëtksu {tht ½h™e Ët{u Atufhtytu™u r¢fux h{‚t

òuE {™u …ý h{ðt sðt™wk ÚttÞ Au …ý {B{e ÷zu

‚u™e ƒef ÷t„u Au. ‚u fnu Au Ëtht Atufhtytu h{‚

h{ðt{tk Ë{Þ ðzuV‚t ™Úte. òu nw SŒ fhw ‚tu …Ã…t™e

ƒef ƒ‚tðe ÷uþ™. fhðt ƒuËtze Œu Au. htºtu ytk¾tu

W½™t fthýu ƒkÄ ÚtE s‚t ntuðt A‚t ntu{ðfo ƒtfe

ntuðt™t fthýu 11.00 f÷tf ‚tu ÚtE s òÞ Au.

…ý nt yuf ¾t™„e ðt‚ fnw ? nw htus Mð¡{tk

ËwkŒh …‚kr„Þt™e su{ ƒt„{tk Wz‚tu ntuW Aw y™u {™u

ÚttÞ Au fu {tht ½h™w Ëðth™wk {wfu÷w yu÷t{o õÞthuÞ ™t

ðt„u.....

…kzât Ër[™fw{th. ƒe.

zu{÷e ™ðeðËtn‚ - 1 «t. þt¤t.

þnuht.

(þt¤t …rhËh{tk „út{˼t Au. r™{o¤

„wsht‚- 2007 {txu Ëti „út{s™tu þt¤t™t {k[

W…h ¼u„t ÚtÞt Au. þt¤t™t nuz{tMxh©e Ëti™u

ytðfth yt…u Au. Ëh…k[©eytu, ËŒMÞ©eytu,

yt„uðt™tu y™u {ne÷tytu, ƒnu™tu ytð‚t òÞ Au.

ðå[u ‚qxf ËkðtŒ y™u [ýðýtx y™w¼ðtÞ Au.)

rþûtf©e :- ytðtu, Ëh…k[ Ëtnuƒ, yu ytðtu

Ëti {nu{t™tu, ƒnu™tu ƒnw rŒðËu ytÔÞt.

Ëh…k[©e :- ntM‚tu,{u ‚tu 15 {e ytu„Mxu

æðs ðkŒ™ ftÞo¢{{tk ntshe yt…e ƒË yus.

™tÚtt¼tE :- nt Ëh…k[ Ëtnuƒ, ‚{thu ‚tu ½ýw

ƒÄw ft{ ½h™wk y™u …k[tÞ‚™wk.

h{ý¼tE :- yt…ýe …k[tÞ‚ ‚tu Ët‚

„t{™e …k[tÞ‚ y™u Ëh…k[ Ëtnuƒ yuf.

{ýeƒu™ :- nðu ‚tu …nu÷t suðw Ëh…k[

Ëtnuƒtu™u ™Úte, nðu ‚tu ft{ fhðw s …zu, Ëti™u ËtÚtu

ht¾ðt …zu, rðftË™t ft{ fhðt …zu.

ÿ~Þ : 2

(þt¤t{tk «tÚto™t {txu rðãtÚtoeytu Ätuhýðth-

¢{ðth „tuXðt‚t ™shu …zu Au. «tÚto™t htƒu‚t {wsƒ

rðãtÚteoytu fhu Au.)

„wY ƒúñt, „wY rð»ýw, „wY Œuðtu {nuïht,

„wY Ëtûtt‚ …h ƒúñ, ‚M{i ©e „whwŒuð ™{: >>

Ëh…k[ :- nt, nðu fhtu ðt‚, yt…ýu.

(rðãtÚteoytu þt¤t™t ð„o¾kz{tk sðt ÷tøÞt )

nt yt…ýw „t{ yt¾t …kÚtf{tk {tuxw „t{ Au.

y™u Ët‚ „t{™e …k[tÞ‚™wk „t{ Au. …ý.....

yt…ýt „t{™e y™u „út{ …k[tÞ‚™e r™{o¤

„út{ …whMfth yr¼÷t»te „t{ ‚hefu …ËkŒ„e

ÚtE Au.

yt¾t „t{™u MðåA, „Œfe y™u

htu„[t¤t{tkÚte nk{uþ™u {txu {wõ‚ fhðt™wk Au. yu™t

ntY yt…ýu ƒÄt ¼u„t ÚtÞt Aeyu.

yux÷u yt¾t „t{™t ¼tE-ƒnu™tu y™u

þt¤t™t ƒt¤ftu ËtÚtu yt…ýu ¼u„t ÚtÞt Aeyu.

y™u yt…ýu ƒÄtyu yt ft{ ËtÚtu {¤e™u

Ë{S™u, MðåA‚t ò¤ððt {txu ƒÄw fhe

Awxðt™wk Au.

yux÷u {the yt…™u ƒu ntÚt òuze™u rð™k‚e Au.

òsY „Þt ƒtŒ y{u ËtƒwÚte ntÚt Ätuðztðeyu

Aeyu.

ðt¤ ytu¤ðt {txu ft[-ftËkftu-ftu…hu÷

þt¤t{tk Au.Œtuht-ƒx™™e …ý ÔÞðMÚtt Au.

þt¤t™e ËVtE, òsY-ƒtÚtY{™e ËVtE,

…týe™e xtkfe™e ËVtE, „t{ ËVtE, Ët{qnef

©{Œt™ ð„uhu y{u Œh yXðtzeyu fheyu Aeyu.

y™u ƒt¤ yŒt÷‚ y™u ƒt¤ ËkËŒ Œh þr™ðthu

10-45 f÷tfu þt¤t{tk {¤u Au.

y™u ËVtE yk„u™t „w™tytu™e Ëw™tðýe

ÚttÞ Au.

Ëh…k[ :- nt, {tht ¼tE ƒnuu™tu ‚{u ƒÄtÞu

r™{o¤„t{, MðåA „t{, þti[t÷Þ r™{toý

W…Þtu„e‚t yk„u òÛÞw.

ytðw ‚tu ƒÄw nw …ý ™‚tu òý‚tu.

rþÂûtftƒu™ :- yt…ýwk „t{ yt …trh‚tur»t‚

S‚þu.

y{u þt¤t™t rðãtÚteoytu y™u „t{™e ƒnu™tu

«r‚¿tt ÷Eyu Aeyu. yt y{the ƒt¤nX y™u

MºtenX Au. sYh ËV¤ Útþu.

(«r‚¿tt™wk …X™) y{u y{tht „t{™u MðåA

y™u r™{o¤ „t{ ƒ™tðe™us sk…eþwk (rðãtÚteoytu

y™u ƒnu™tu Ë{wn{tk)

rðãtÚteoytu :- nt, [t÷tu yt…ýu. yt ËVtE™t

{ntÞ¿t{tk Ëti™u òuzeyu.

(Ëqºttu[th)

• Œefhtu-rŒfhe yuf Ë{t™.

• ½h{tk òsY ½h™e ytƒY.

• fLÞtŒt™{tk rŒfhe™u òsY yt…w.

• „t{™t ™Œe, ‚¤tð, ðtð, fwðt™e ytË…tË

„kŒfe ™ne fheyu.

• ¾wÕ÷t{tk òsY - þti[r¢Þt ™ne fheyu.

• MðåA nu r™{o÷ „t{ n{tht, Þne ni ËkfÕ…

n{tht. • sÞ MðåA‚t yr¼Þt™.

• sÞ sÞ „hðe „wsht‚.

• ¼th‚ {t‚tfe sÞ.

«ÞtË : nheþ ŒhS

Ëe. yth. Ëe. ftuo. ytuze™uxh

‚t÷wft þt¤t, Ëk‚ht{…wh.

r™{o¤ „wsht‚-2007

Btiºte òLÞwythe-2008 • 27{tºt ðeh‚t™u ðhu÷t …whw»ttu s ËwkŒh Mºte™u …t{e þfu {tºt ðeh‚t™u ðhu÷t …whw»ttu s ËwkŒh Mºte™u …t{e þfu

{tºt ðeh‚t™u ðhu÷t …whw»ttu s ËwkŒh Mºte™u …t{e þfu {tºt ðeh‚t™u ðhu÷t …whw»ttu s ËwkŒh Mºte™u …t{e þfu {tºt ðeh‚t™u ðhu÷t …whw»ttu s ËwkŒh Mºte™u …t{e þfu

Au.Au.

Au.Au.Au.

«r‚¿tt

- ztì. yçŒw÷ f÷t{

• nwk {thwk rþûtý ‚Útt {thwk ftÞo Ë{…oý ¼tð™tÚte

fheþ y™u ‚u{tk r™…qý ÚtEþ.

• yuðe 10 ÔÞÂõ‚ fu su™u ðtk[‚t-÷¾‚t ™Úte ytðz‚w

‚u™u ÷¾‚tk-ðtk[‚t fheþ.

• 10 Atuz ðtðeþ y™u ‚u™wk ¾t‚he…qðof s‚™ y™u

…tu»tý fheþ.

• „t{zt y™u þnuhtu{tk sE™u ytuAt{tk ytuAt …tk[

ÔÞÂõ‚™u ÔÞË™ y™u sw„th {wõ‚ fheþ.

• Ä{o- òr‚ðtŒ fu ¼t»tt™t õÞthuÞ ¼uŒ¼tð ™rn fhwk.

• {tht ŒuþƒkÄwytu™t Œw:¾ ŒŒo™u Œqh fhðt Ë‚‚

«Þí™þe÷ hneþ.

• «t{trýf hneþ y™u Ë{ts™t r™{toý {txu ytŒþoY…

ƒ™eþ.

• ytŒþo ™t„rhf ƒ™ðt {txu …rh©{ fheþ y™u {tht

…rhðth™u ËŒt[the ƒ™tðeþ.

• su ÷tuftu {t™rËf fu þtherhf ûtr‚„úM‚ Au ‚u{™e «íÞu

n{ŒŒeo ht¾eþ y™u ‚u{™e Ëuðt fheþ.

• „tihð …qðof {tht Œuþ y™u Œuþ™t ÷tuftu™e ËV¤‚t™u

yt™kŒÚte {týeþ.

(yûthÄt{-„tkÄe™„h ¾t‚u

ƒt÷tuíËð™t ftÞo¢{{tk)

(‚t: 08 Vuƒúwythe 2004)

nwk htus r™þt¤u òðt™tu,

¼ýe„ýe™u ntUrþÞth Úttðt™tu....

nðu ½hu hnuðwk {™u „{‚wk ™Úte.

{B{e …Ã…t™u nuht™ fhðt ™Úte.

zkftu ðt„u fu Œtuze™u òðt™tu...

«tÚto™t ˼t{tk Œhhtus ƒuËðt™tu,

Äw™-¼s™-ƒt÷„e‚ „tðt™tu,

Ëwrð[th-ðtk[™ fhðt™tu...

¾qƒ æÞt™ ŒE „rý‚ þe¾ðt™tu,

¼t»tt-…Þtoðhý nwk ¼ýðt™tu,

ËtU…u÷wk MðtæÞtÞ Œhhtus fhðt™tu...

{™u þt¤t rËðtÞ fÞtkÞ „{‚wk ™Úte,

…u÷e h¾zwk xtu¤e ËtÚtu h{ðwk ™Úte,

¼ýe-„ýe™u …nu÷tu ™kƒh ÷uðt™tu.

fu.ze. …xu÷

÷uõ[hh ztÞx, Ëk‚ht{…wh.

Ë{Þ ‘‘r{ºt’’ ‚hefu

‘‘¼q‚ft¤ y™u ¼rð»Þ™tu Ë{Þ fe{‚e

™ n‚tu, fu ™nª ntuÞ, fe{‚e Ë{Þ ‚tu ‚u s

Au su ‚{tht ntÚt{tk Au.’’

‘‘Ë{Þ’’™u þºtw Ë{s™th™u yu ¼t™

™Úte fu …tu‚u Ë{Þ™wk ¾qƒ fhe hÌttu Au. f÷tftu

„Ã…t{tk „t¤ðt, ®™Œt fhðe, rVÕ{tu òuðe,

{ò ™Úte, yLÞ™e Xêt-{~fhe fhðe yu

Ë{Þ™tu ŒqhW…Þtu„ Au.

Ë{Þ™u r{ºt ƒ™tððt Þwðt™tuu yÇÞtË

{ø™ hnuðwk. y™u ðze÷tu ‚Útt ¿tt™eytu ËtÚtu

rð[th-rð{þo fhðtu. y¼ý ÔÞÂõ‚yu Œw:¾tu

rËðtÞ Sð™™t y™w¼ðtu fnuðt. …tu‚u

÷tufrn‚ {txu þwk fhe þfu ‚u yk„u rð[th fhe

ÞtuøÞ y{÷ fhðtu.

Ë{Þ™tu Úttuztu ¼t„ …w™: MðtMÚÞ y™u

MVqŠ‚ «tó fhðt ƒt¤ftu ËtÚtu h{‚tu, „B{‚,

ðt‚to, ™Œe, {krŒh, ¾u‚h™e {w÷tft‚, ƒt„-

ƒ„e[u Vhðwk, Vq÷Atuz WAuhðt y™u {™tuhks™

{u¤ððwk. suðe rðrðÄ «ð]Â¥tÚte ÚtE þfu.

Sð™{tk …tu‚t™t {txu y™u Ë{ts ‚Útt Œuþ

{txu …ý Úttuztu Ë{Þ Vt¤ððtu. Ënfth™e

¼tð™tÚte Ë{tsËuðt y™u Œuþ Ëuðt™t ftÞtuo{tk

òuztE™u ƒeò™u {txu «uhýtY… ƒ™ðwk.

‘‘xtR{ s õÞtk Au ? yuðwk ƒtu÷™tht

Ë{Þt ytÞtus™™e yýytðz‚ ƒ‚tðu Au.

yÚtðt …tu‚t™u xtE{ ntuÞ Au. …ý, ƒeòytu

{txu xtE{ ntu‚tu ™Úte.