arnold Ciqobavas saxelobis enaTmecnierebis instituti

SoTa rusTavelis saxelmwifo universiteti

XXX

respublikuri dialeqtologiurirespublikuri dialeqtologiurirespublikuri dialeqtologiurirespublikuri dialeqtologiuri samecniero sesiasamecniero sesiasamecniero sesiasamecniero sesia

2010 wlis 19-20 noemberi

baTumi

muSaobis gegma da moxsenebaTamuSaobis gegma da moxsenebaTamuSaobis gegma da moxsenebaTamuSaobis gegma da moxsenebaTa m a s a l e b im a s a l e b im a s a l e b im a s a l e b i

Tbilisi 2010

3

m um um um u S aS aS aS a oooo b i s g e gb i s g e gb i s g e gb i s g e g m am am am a

11119 9 9 9 nonononoemememembebebeberiririri,,,, 11111111 sa sa sa saaaaaTiTiTiTi

s x d o m i s g a x s n as x d o m i s g a x s n as x d o m i s g a x s n as x d o m i s g a x s n a m i s a l m e b a nm i s a l m e b a nm i s a l m e b a nm i s a l m e b a n i i i i

I sxdoma sxdoma sxdoma sxdoma

sxdomis TavmJdomareebi: gggg. . . . gogolaSviligogolaSviligogolaSviligogolaSvili, , , , mmmm. . . . faGavafaGavafaGavafaGava

1. T. u T u r g a i Z e, gansxvavebul modelTa unifikacia samwer-

lobo qarTulsa da dialeqtebSi

2. a. a r a b u l i, dialeqturi leqsikis Tematuri (budobrivi)

kooptaciis principi `sityvis konis~ mixedviT

3. m. f a G a v a, Zveli qarTuli leqsika samxrul kiloebSi

4. m. m i q a Z e, imerizmebis adgilisaTvis Teimuraz lanCavas

SemoqmedebaSi

5. T. g o g o l a Z e, dialeqturi leqsika da mwerali

6. T. b o l q v a Z e, dialeqturi leqsika `qarTuli enis saunjis

masalaSi~ (`iveria~, 1900)

7. r. g e r s a m i a, S1 piris nulovani alomorfis fonologiuri

poziciebis gansazGvrisaTvis megrulSi

8. m. b a r a m i Z e, SavSuri dialeqtis leqsikidan

9. n. y o x o n e l i Z e, kakab-sityvis omonimuri calebis warmo-

mavlobisaTvis qarTuli enis dialeqtebSi

10. m. s a G l i a n i, erTi uZvelesi svanuri sakulto terminis

(…iTin/-uTin/iTin/�ˆTin/ˆTin/lˆTin) Sesaxeb

11. n. x a x i a S v i l i, sityva mzesTan dakavSirebuli xatovani

sityva-Tqmani

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II sxdoma sxdoma sxdoma sxdoma

19 19 19 19 noemberinoemberinoemberinoemberi,,,, 15 15 15 15 saaTisaaTisaaTisaaTi

sxdomis TavmJdomareebi: TTTT. . . . uTurgaiZeuTurgaiZeuTurgaiZeuTurgaiZe, , , , SSSS. . . . futkaraZefutkaraZefutkaraZefutkaraZe

1. i. C a n t l a Z e, ganusazRvrelobiT da uaryofiT nacvalsa-

xelTa funqciur-formobrivi mimarTebisaTvis qarTuli enis

dasavlur dialeqtebSi

2. S. f u t k a r a Z e, e. f u t k a r a Z e, m. r i J v a Z e, sofel

gevlis metyvelebis Taviseburebani

3. v. S e n g e l i a, viTarebiTi zmnisarTis paraleluri formebi

megrulSi

4. n. o T i n a S v i l i, sofel TiRvis onomastikoni

5. o. m e m i S i S i, reduplikacia lazurSi

6. q. m a r g i a n i - s ub a r i, pirobiT-SedegobiTi zmnuri for-

mebi svanurSi da maTi semantikuri mimarTeba Zveli qarTulisa

da mTis dialeqtis monacemebTan

7. e. g i u n a S v i l i, iranuli elementebis kvlevisaTvis fere-

idnulSi

8. c. n a r a k i Z e , lazuri saleqsikono masala

9. n. S a v r e S i a n i, erTgvargaremoebiani Serwymuli winadade-

bebi svanurSi

10. c. J a n J G a v a, megruli koCi `kaci~ nawarmoeb leqsikur er-

TeulebSi

11. n. J o r b e n a Z e, dialeqtizmebi sasaubro metyvelebaSi (in-

ternet-masalis safuZvelze)

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III sxdoma sxdoma sxdoma sxdoma

20 20 20 20 noemberinoemberinoemberinoemberi, , , , 11110000 sa sa sa saaaaaTiTiTiTi

sxdomis TavmJdomareebi: vvvv. . . . SengeliaSengeliaSengeliaSengelia, , , , iiii. . . . CantlaZeCantlaZeCantlaZeCantlaZe

1. m. q a m a d a Z e, -ian- sufiqsiT gaformebuli gvarebi ayaraSi

2. j. f e i q r i S v i l i, r. s a G i n a Z e, e. d a d i a n i, imeru-li dialeqtis Seswavlis istoriisaTvis (axali saleqsikono

masala)

3. T. v a S a k i Z e, dialeqtizmebi _ rogorc poetur-stilisti-

kuri xerxi muxran mayavarianis SemoqmedebaSi

4. m. G l o n t i, ufal-is da GmerT-is leqsikur-semantikuri

arCevanisaTvis qarTul dialeqtebSi

5. m. C u x u a, vnebiTobis s.-qarTv. -av niSani da misi SesatKvisi zanurSi

6. m. c i n c a Z e, paraleluri formebi SavSeTis qarTul metKve-

lebaSi (fonetika)

7. n. f a r t e n a Z e, zmniswinTa monacvleoba da damatebiTi

funqciebi samxrul metKvelebaSi

8. n. f u t k a r a Z e, -d-eb-a da i-/e---eb-a struqturis zmnebi

ayarulSi

9. e. S e n g e l i a, megrul-lazuri milocva-dalocvis formu-

lebisa da frazeologizmebis analizisaTvis

10. T. b u r y u l a Z e, iSviaTi sintaqsuri konstruqciis Sesaxeb

mTis kiloebSi

11. g. g v a n c e l a Z e, nasaxelar zmnaTa, masdarTa da mimGeoba-

Ta semantikuri cvlilebani zemoimeruli kilokavis monacemTa

mixedviT

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IV sxdoma sxdoma sxdoma sxdoma

20 20 20 20 noemberinoemberinoemberinoemberi, , , , 11114444 sa sa sa saaaaaTiTiTiTi

sxdomis TavmJdomareebi: aaaa. . . . arabuliarabuliarabuliarabuli, , , , mmmm.... miqaZe miqaZe miqaZe miqaZe

1. g. g o g o l a S v i l i, -h da -s prefiqsebi Tanamedrove qar-

Tuli enis dialeqtebSi

2. n. s u r m a v a, Cveneburebis metKveleba rogorc sociolingvis-

turi kvlevis obieqti

3. e. f u t k a r a Z e, xatovani sitKva-Tqmani `Cveneburebis qar-

Tulis~ mixedviT

4. S. g a b e s k i r i a, kvlav dialeqtizmebis sakiTxisaTvis SoTa

rusTavelis poemaSi

5. m. b u k i a, nasesxebi zedsarTavebi megrul-lazurSi

6. e. b e r i Z e, qristianuli salocavebi da toponimebi nigalis (livanis) xeobaSi

7. m. k a k a C i a, q. m a r g i a n i, m. J G a r k a v a, qarTvelur

ena-kiloTa leqsikonis SedgenisaTvis

8. x. K a n d a S v i l i, mravalgzisobis gamoxatva kaxur dialeqt-

Si

9. l. g i g l e m i a n i, adgilis zmnisarTebi svanur dialeqtebSi

10. n. f o n i a v a, CxorowKus raionis sofel yoGis toponimiidan

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a v T a n d i l a r a b u l ia v T a n d i l a r a b u l ia v T a n d i l a r a b u l ia v T a n d i l a r a b u l i (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) dialeqturi leqsikis Tematuri dialeqturi leqsikis Tematuri dialeqturi leqsikis Tematuri dialeqturi leqsikis Tematuri ((((budobrivibudobrivibudobrivibudobrivi) ) ) ) kooptaciiskooptaciiskooptaciiskooptaciis principiprincipiprincipiprincipi ` ` ` `sitsitsitsitKKKKvis konisvis konisvis konisvis konis~ ~ ~ ~ mixedviTmixedviTmixedviTmixedviT

rogorc cnobilia, sulxan-saba orbelianis `sityvis konis~ erT-erT mTavar Rirsebas warmoadgens is Tematuri (semantiku-ri) budeebi, romelTa agebuleba ZiriTadad gvareobriv-saxeob-riv safuZvelzea damyarebuli da romelTa Sesadgenadac leqsi-kografs, sruliad aSkaraa, gansakuTrebuli kvleva-Zieba Cauta-rebia rogorc werilobiTi wyaroebis, ise cocxali metyvele-bis kilouri qvesistemebis doneze.

amgvar budeTa ZiriTadi Tavisebureba is aris, rom, ro-gorc masala warmoaCens, am SemTxvevaSi semantikuri velis age-bis principi arsebiTad ar cnobs droulsa da sivrcul sa-zRvrebs da qarTuli enis leqsikur saganZurs erT mTlianobad moiazrebs.

saqme is aris, rom romelime semantikuri veli imdenadve aris ganviTarebuli anu diferencirebuli, ramdenadac aris ganviTarebuli is Tematuri are (dargobrivi mikrosfero, cne-biTi mikrosistema...), romelsac mocemuli veli asaxavs.

am velis optimalur sqematur gamoxatulebas warmoadgens tradiciuli wre, romlis sivrce SeiZleba dayofili iyos N raodenobis segmentad _ imis gaTvaliswinebiT, Tu ramdenad aris diferencirebuli konkretuli semantikuri veli, anu ram-deni damoukidebeli leqsikuri erTeuli qmnis am vels, ro-gorc semantikur sistemas. amdenad, amgvar velSi `carieli ad-gili~ pirobiTi cnebaa. Tu ara Cans romelime `ujra~ konkre-tuli enis farglebSi, SeiZleba iTqvas, arc aklia, da Tu ar-sebobs, Warbi ar aris. `metoba-nakleboba~ SeiZleba mxolod me-ore enasTan SepirispirebiT an erTi enis ori (an meti) qvesis-temis SejerebiT gamoCndes.

rac mTavaria: sulxan-sabas koncefciiT, velis es Sida mo-wesrigeba (`Sevseba~) ar asaxavs mxolod enis romelime erTi qvesistemisa da am qvesistemis sinqroniis dones; piriqiT, leq-

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sikur-semantikuri bude aRniSnuli TvalsazrisiT principulad diasistemuria da diaqroniuli.

magaliTisaTvis SeiZleba aviRoT `Tovl-~ semantemis leqsi-kuri bude. es erTi saleqsikono statiac naTlad warmoaCens sulxan-sabas ZiriTad leqsikografiul princips, anu imas, Tu raoden didi Sroma `dauc~ leqsikografs Sesabamisi leqsikuri erTeulebis gamosakrebad (erTad `mosakrebad~) qarTuli enis centralur (aqtiur) Tu ganmxoloebul saunjeTagan.

TovTovTovTovlililili (3, 70 daniel) ra wvimas zamTars civi haeri Se(h)xudebis, SeaToebs da damocviva. aramed Tovlica es-reT ganiyofebian: rameTu pirvel zamTrisa ra Ramis sici-vema cvari SeaToos, uƒmoben T r T‚ l s a; xolo pirvel daTovasa vidre miwaTa gaTeTrebamde uwoden y a p s a: da Tu daTova terfamde da meti misi, igi ars f i f q i; da misi umetesi T o v l a d saxel-idebis; ukeTu Tov-li wvimanarevi iyos, W y a p s uwoden, da Tovliansa nis-lsa - b u r s a; Tuca burisa mier xeni Seiyinen, igi ars W i r x l i; ukeTu xeTa zeda Tovli dadga, ewodeba x u- r x l i; qariansa Tovlsa ewodebis b u q i; qarisagan ax-vetilsa adgilsa hqvian x i a w i; da sada Tovli nabuqi Segrovda, mas - n a n q e r i; Tuca Sembali Tovli Seyina, ewodeba b z a r i; da ra bzari mzema Sealbo, ewodeba l e R m a; mciresa fifqsa bzar-qmnilsa - a r x i l i; ra Tovli aWreldes, igi ars l i l o; Tuca Tovlisa sim-ravle mTam veRar itvirTa da Camoizvla, igi ars S v a v i. am 16 leqsikur erTeuls CD da E redaqciebSi kidev ema-

teba ori _ zvazvazvazvavivivivi da lanlanlanlanqeqeqeqeriririri: da Tuca gazafxul Tovli Se-yinebuli Camoizvla, mas uwoden

z v a v s a; da Tovlis(a) nadnobsa wyalsa l a n q e r s a uwoden.

zvazvazvazvavivivivi rom am budeSi ara ZiriTadi, aramed periferiuli leqsikur-semantikuri sistemidan moxvda, es Cans iqidan, rom sabas misi ZiriTadi mniSvneloba mxolod ZvelqarTuliseuli aqvs naCvenebi: zuzuzuzuaaaavivivivi (zvavi CDE) (+24, 1 iob.) uzomo(d) dodo, gina gvami. zvazvazvazvavisvisvisvis is mniSvneloba, romelic `Tovl-~ budis da-

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matebiT redaqciebSi Cans, aseve gamoCndeba SvaSvaSvaSvavisvisvisvis ganmartebis zog redaqciaSi: `fifqis zvavi~ (CqDE).

amave dros, klasikuri periodis mwignobrobis ukve gamo-vlenili leqsikuri fondi gvaZlevs SesZleblobas vTqvaT, rom am budis sityvaTa umetesoba ama Tu im sametyvelo qvesistemas unda ekuTvnodes (yayayayapipipipi, , , , bubububueeeeriririri, , , , xurxurxurxurxlixlixlixli, , , , xixixixiaaaawiwiwiwi, , , , ararararxixixixilililili...). es erTeulebi rom zepirmetyvelebis monacemTa SerCevis Sedegi iyo, amas cxadad warmoaCens leqsikonis redaqciebSi arsebuli fonetikuri variantebic ama Tu im leqsemisa: bubububuriririri da bubububueeee----riririri(E), yayayayapipipipi da yayayayapyipyipyipyi1111 (E).

damatebiT unda aRiniSnos, rom es semantikuri bude TviT sabas leqsikoni-danve SeiZleba Seivsos, savaraudoa, periferiu-li leqsemiT: JaJaJaJatyityityityi wyliani Tovli ZABCb.

sulxan-sabaseuli principi leqsikonis budobrivi Sevsebi-sa, vfiqrobT, aris is gza, romliTac mtkice mecnieruli sa-fuZveli eqmneba `qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi leqsikonSi~ dar-gobrivi Sinaarsis leqsikis marTebulad SerCevis amocanas.

m a i a b a r a m i Z em a i a b a r a m i Z em a i a b a r a m i Z em a i a b a r a m i Z e (baTumi. S. rusTavelis saxelmwifo universiteti)

SavSuri dialeqtis leqsikidaSavSuri dialeqtis leqsikidaSavSuri dialeqtis leqsikidaSavSuri dialeqtis leqsikidannnn

ukanasknel wlebSi mopovebuli samxruli (istoriuli sa-

qarTvelos mkvidrTa) metyvelebis nimuSebi saSualebas gvaZlevs am, leqsikurad da gramatikulad mravalmxriv saintereso masa-laze dakvirvebisa da misi analizisa. am mxriv aRsaniSnavia Sav-SeTis mkvidrTa qarTuli metyveleba.

bunebrivia, aRniSnuli kuTxis qarTul metyvelebaSi bevria Turquli sityva, romelTa paralelurad maTi qarTuli Sesa-tyvisebic dasturdeba.

1 yapy- fuZes f. erTeliSvili yap- Ziris gaormagebis Sedegad miiCnevs.

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• zogierT qarTul sityvas cnobili, gavrcelebuli mniS-vnelobis garda aqvs sxva mniSvnelobac, romelic qarTuli enis sxva kiloebSi jerjerobiT ar aris SeniSnuli. aseTebia: aweaweaweawevavavava, , , , gagagagakekekekeTeTeTeTebabababa, , , , dadadadawvewvewvewvenananana, , , , kikikikiTxvaTxvaTxvaTxva, , , , mimimimirTmerTmerTmerTmevavavava, , , , cococococxlocxlocxlocxlobabababa,,,, adadadadgagagaga, , , , RoRoRoRoriririri............

• sityvis mniSvnelobas ganasxvavebs xmovani prefiqsi aaaa----. . . . Sdr.: cxel wyal Ca-a-sxam (baZgireTi); me?xarSvis, dergSi Cav-a-sxamT (xevwruli); iqSi Ca-a-sxam moxarSuls (ube); me Wadi’na Cavsxa (ube); kvereb davayenebT, memre Teqren (isev) CavsxamT so-baSi (RumelSi) da gamuacxobT iSte (CaqvelTa); uwin kecSi Ca-vsxemdiT, iqSi CavsxemdiT (baZgireTi). saTaviso da sasxviso qcevis formebis mniSvneloba konteqstzea damokidebuli: pu-ri’na Cevsxa... sobaSi’na Cavsxa (ustamisi); naCari (=cudi) benzi-ni CegisxaT’na, gougeT (CaqvelTa), Sdr.: CevideT Wadi Cegisxa da gaWamoT (ube).

• gafarToebulia mniSvneloba sityvisa RarRarRarRarWiWiWiWi,,,, romelic leqsikonebSi axsnilia rogorc vaJiSvili, am mniSvnelobis pa-ralelurad es sityva ufro xSirad gamoiyeneba da mkvidrdeba saerTod bavSvis mniSvnelobiT, vaJiSvilis mniSvnelobiT mas enacvleba `biWi~: ori Tane RarWi yavs: erTi baƒala(=gogo), erTi biWi (CaqvelTa). oTxi Tane myavs RarWebi _ ori biWi, ori baƒala (ziosi). Tqven xojebi (=maswavleblebi) xarT uni-versitetSi, RarWeb aswavliT, ara? (CaqvelTa).

e T e r b e r i Z ee T e r b e r i Z ee T e r b e r i Z ee T e r b e r i Z e (baTumi. S. rusTavelis saxelmwifo universiteti) qristianuliqristianuliqristianuliqristianuli salocavebi da toponimebsalocavebi da toponimebsalocavebi da toponimebsalocavebi da toponimebi nigalisi nigalisi nigalisi nigalis ((((livanislivanislivanislivanis) ) ) ) xeobaSixeobaSixeobaSixeobaSi

`Woroxis mdinaris aRmosavleTis kidezed aris arTvani, qa-laqi. mcire mosaxleni arian vaWarni, da am arTvanis sanaxe-biTurT, vidre erges sazRvramde, Woroxis xeobis imieri da amieri iwodebis lilililigagagaganisnisnisnis xeobad~ (vaxuSti).

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geografiuli TvalsazrisiT ninininigagagagalililili moqceulia mniSvnelo-van arealSi. CrdiloeTiT igi ganiyofa karCxlis mTaTa siste-miT maWaxlisa da aWarisagan, aRmosavleTiT _ sakuTriv klar-jeTisa da artanujisgan, samxreTiT _ taosagan, xolo saanali-zo xeoba dasavleTiT ebjineba lazeTis qeds. rogorc Cans, ni-gali uZvelesi formaa. sonor bgeraTa substituciis gziT ad-vilad SesaZlebelia nigalisagan ligalis miReba. dRes adgil-ze dasturdeba ninininigalgalgalgal----aaaa, sadac ----aaaa sufiqss matoponimebeli fun-qcia aqvs.

saintereso da mdidari masala moviZieT da CaviwereT samec-niero eqspediciaSi yofnisas. toponimias yovelTvis didi mniS-vneloba eniWeba ama Tu im qveynis istoriuli warsulis gasaaz-reblad da Sesaswavlad. rac meti dro gadis, miT ufro davi-wyebas eZleva anda icvleba Zveli toponimebi, gansakuTrebiT mak-ro da sakuTriv toponimebi. Cven mier fiqsirebuli masalis di-di nawilis saxelwodeba, maTi forma Tu Sinaarsi dReisaTvis Secvlilia, magram, sabednierod, jer kidev SemorCenilia qarTu-li, maT Soris qristianuli semantikis Semcveli toponimebi. xSiria iseTi toponimebi, romlebic mxolod namyoSi arsebobaze miuTiTeben (nanananaekekekeklelelelesisisisiaaaavivivivi, , , , nanananaqiqiqiqilislislislisvavavavariririri, , , , nanananaqiqiqiqililililisasasasavivivivi da a. S.).

aSkarad Cans, rom warsulSi am xeobaSi, saqarTvelos sxva mxareebis msgavsad, gansakuTrebuli pativiT moixsenieboda leq-sema `wminda~. aq SexvdebiT Semdeg toponimebs: wvinwvinwvinwvinda tada tada tada tatiatiatiatia, , , , wminwminwminwminda mada mada mada maririririfeqfeqfeqfeq, , , , mamamamamawmawmawmawminminminmindadadada |||||||| marmarmarmarvawvawvawvawvinvinvinvindadadada, , , , ioriorioriorgiwgiwgiwgiwminminminmindadadada, , , , aseaseaseaseveveveve: : : : sasasasaydaydaydaydariririri, , , , ziziziziaaaarererereTiTiTiTi, , , , mTamTamTamTavavavavaranranranrangegegegelolololo, , , , jvajvajvajvaririririqeqeqeqedidididi, , , , xaxaxaxatitititilaslaslaslasReReReRelelelele, , , , nanananadardardardarbabababazezezezevi kvivi kvivi kvivi kvirrrriiiikekekekeTiTiTiTi, , , , xaxaxaxatiktiktiktikvorvorvorvordidididi da sxva. toponimTa umete-soba saTesebs, tyian adgilebsa da saZovrebs aRniSnavs.

Cveni valia, kvlavac gulmodgined SevkriboT da yuradRe-biT davamuSaoT saqarTvelos uZvelesi istoriisa Tu mSobliu-ri enis es Zvirfasi saunje uaxlesi digitalizebuli video-au-dio aparaturiT, raTa internetuli qselis saSualebiT rac SeiZleba droulad mivawodoT informacia Tanamedrove msofli-os sxvadasxva kuTxeSi mcxovreb qarTvelebs (da ara marto maT).

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T i n a T i n b o l q v a Z eT i n a T i n b o l q v a Z eT i n a T i n b o l q v a Z eT i n a T i n b o l q v a Z e (Tbilisi. iv. javaxiSvilis sax. saxelmwifo universiteti)

dialeqturi leqsika dialeqturi leqsika dialeqturi leqsika dialeqturi leqsika `̀̀̀qarTuli enis saunqarTuli enis saunqarTuli enis saunqarTuli enis saunJJJJisisisis masalaSimasalaSimasalaSimasalaSi~ ~ ~ ~ ((((`̀̀̀iveriaiveriaiveriaiveria~, ~, ~, ~, 1900190019001900))))

moxsenebaSi ganxiluli iqneba, ram ganapiroba `qarTuli enis

saunjis masalis~ Segroveba XIX-XX saukuneTa mijnaze da ra adgi-li ekava am masalaSi dialeqtur leqsikas. petre mirianaSvilis mowodebiT, 1900 wels `iveriam~ daiwyo anbanis rigze dalagebu-li da ganmartebuli sityvebis beWdva, romelsac awvdidnen mas qarTveli inteleqtualebi da sityvis ostatebi. am masalaSi, romelic sulxan-saba orbelianisa da CubinaSvilis leqsikonebis Sevsebas isaxavda miznad, yvelaze didi nawili iyo dialeqturi leqsika ganmartebebiTa da sailustracio masaliT.

dawvrilebiT iqneba warmodgenili, rogor xdeboda dia-leqturi leqsikis SerCeva `qarTuli enis saunjis masalisTvis~, ra principebiT xdeboda maTi ganmarteba da dRes ra mniSvne-loba aqvs am masalas qarTuli dialeqtologiisa da leqsiko-logiisTvis.

m a n a nm a n a nm a n a nm a n a n aaaa b u k i a b u k i a b u k i a b u k i a (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) nasesxebi zedsarTavebi megrulnasesxebi zedsarTavebi megrulnasesxebi zedsarTavebi megrulnasesxebi zedsarTavebi megrul----lazurSilazurSilazurSilazurSi

zedsarTavi saxelis kvlevam gvaCvena, rom megrul-lazurSi

pirvelad zedsarTavTa Soris soliduri adgili aqvs daTmobi-li nasesxeb leqsikas.

lazurSi ikveTeba Turqulidan nasesxobis dominanti, na-klebad, magram mainc gvxvdeba berZnulidan SeTvisebuli leqsi-kuri erTeulebi.

zogierTi Turquli sityva sakuTriv lazuri formis para-lelurad aris warmodgenili: alaalaalaala (< T. ala) // WeWeWeWererererelililili, WeWeWeWelelelele----

13

riririri, WiWiWiWiririririlililili `Wreli~; kirkirkirkirmimimimizizizizi (< T. kirmizi) // mWimWimWimWiTaTaTaTa, WiWiWiWiTaTaTaTa `wi-Teli~... xSirad ki mxolod nasesxebobis saxiT gvxvdeba: eSieSieSieSilililili // ����eSieSieSieSilililili < T. yeşil `mwvane~; sasasasariririri // sasasasa����iiii < T. sari `yviTeli~...

xSirad zedsarTavebi fonetikuri variantebis saxiTaa warmodgenili: bebebebeaaaaTiTiTiTi // bebebebeTiTiTiTi // bibibibiaaaaTiTiTiTi `cudi, warmoudgeneli, saSineli~ < T. bet; zaezaezaezae††††iiii // zaizaizaizai††††iiii `susti, uZluri, mWle~ < T. zaif; zazazazavavavavalililili // zazazazavalvalvalvallililili `ubeduri, gaWirvebuli~ < T. zavalli. TerTerTerTersisisisi // TerTerTerTercicicici `Tarsi, cudi, ukuRmarTi~ < T. ters.

lazurSi nasesxobaTa Soris ganvixilavT hibridul zed-sarTavebs, sadac sazRvrulad gvxvdeba Turqulidan SeTvisebu-li renrenrenrengigigigi `feri~ (< Turq. reng / renk `feri~: mTumTumTumTugiSgiSgiSgiSrenrenrenrengigigigi `Tagvisferi, nacrisferi~, mtvemtvemtvemtveriSriSriSriSrenrenrenrengigigigi `nacrisferi~, caScaScaScaS----renrenrenrengigigigi `cisferi~, WuWuWuWububububuiSiSiSiSrenrenrenrengigigigi `wablisferi~., agreTve sxva kom-pozitebs, sadac Semadgeneli sityva Turqulia: xaxaxaxavivivivi-gugugugurorororoni ni ni ni `avgula~

berZnulidan aris nasesxebi atekatekatekateknenenene `berwi, uSvilo~, lazu-ri afiqsiT gaformebuli nonononoseseseseriririri / nonononosisisisiaaaariririri / RnoRnoRnoRnoseseseseriririri `gonie-ri, Wkviani~...

megrulSi nasesxebi zedsarTavebi naklebad gvxvdeba, Ziri-Tadad gvaqvs wina saukuneSi rusulidan SeTvisebuli leqsika: titititiovovovovnininini `bneli~ < rus. темный, liSliSliSliSnininini `zedmeti~ < rus. лишний, kakakakareCreCreCreCnininini `yavisferi~ < rus. коричневый...

T e aT e aT e aT e a b u rb u rb u rb u r yyyy u l a Z eu l a Z eu l a Z eu l a Z e

(Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) iSviaTi sintaqsuri konstruqciis SesaxebiSviaTi sintaqsuri konstruqciis SesaxebiSviaTi sintaqsuri konstruqciis SesaxebiSviaTi sintaqsuri konstruqciis Sesaxeb mTis kiloebSimTis kiloebSimTis kiloebSimTis kiloebSi

polipersonalur zmna-Semasmenlebian winadadebaSi zmna-Se-

masmenlebi sxvadasxva brunvaSi marTaven qvemdebares. es koor-dinaciis erT-erTi niSania. rodesac winadadebaSi ramdenime zmna-Semasmenelia erT qvemdebaresTan da isini gansxvavebulia gardamavlobisa da mwkrivis mixedviT, ra Tqma unda, qvemdebare

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yovelTvis erTsa da imave brunvaSi ar ewyoba. miRebuli Tav-lsazrisiT, aseT SemTxvevaSi qvemdebare imas uwevs angariSs, romeli zmna-Semasmenelic uaxloesia masTan.

Tumca mTis dialeqtebSi gvxvdeba iseTi SemTxvevebi, roca gardauvali zmna-Semasmeneli polipredikatul winadadebaSi marTavs qvemdebares brunvaSi gardamavalis msgavsad. saqme exeba iseT SemTxvevebs, roca gardauval zmnasTan qvemdebare rogorc mosalodneli iyo ara saxelobiTSi, aramed moTxrobiT brunva-Si dgas: `am RurRurRurRurbebebebelamlamlamlam wamowamowamowamovivivividadadada da avsajaniSvilis qali iTxoiTxoiTxoiTxo----vavavava~ (moxeuri, qarT. dialeqt. gv. 42); `am uxeuxeuxeuxeiiiiromromromrom wawawawavivivividadadada Tavis saxlisaken, xmali alagze dadadadauuuuSoSoSoSo~ (mTiuluri, qarT. dialeqt. gv. 75); zogjer avavavavdardardardarmamamama momomomogosgosgosgoswvriswvriswvriswvris, veRar dadadadavfarvfarvfarvfarcxavcxavcxavcxavdiTdiTdiTdiTkekekeke~ (gudamayruli, qarT. dialeqt. gv. 83); `bebbebbebbebrebmrebmrebmrebm eg raim SaSaSaSa����mRemRemRemReririririanananan, Zvelebi ityoityoityoityodidididianananan~ (fSauri, qarT. dialeqt. gv. 135) aseTi SemTxvevebi mTis sxvdasxva kiloebSi dadasturda.

msgavsi tipi xSiria dasavlur kiloebSi, sadac zmnis gardauvaloba mniSvnelobis mxriv TandaTan qreba da qvemdeba-resTan SeTanxmebis dros (namyo srulis jgufSi) igi gardama-val zmnebs misdevs. magram aRmosavlur kiloebSi zmnis gardau-valoba myaria da ucnauria aseTi sintaqsuri konstruqcia.

gardauval zmnasTan qvemdebaris moTxrobiT brunvaSi mar-Tva aixsna gansakuTrebuli sintaqsuri konstruqciiT, sadac erTgvari pirobis dacvaa saWiro: `winadadeba unda iyos rTu-li, Semdgari ori an meti winadadebisagan; qvemdebares unda eWiros gardauval da gardamaval zmnebs Soris adgili... (`adga biWsa da gamaeRviZa~; wavida qalma da Sastira sizmaras~). es movlena megruli enis niadagze unda iyos momxdari~ (v. Tofu-ria, 1923). sxva mosazrebiT ki amis axsna mdgomareobs mezobel gardamaval zmna-SemasmenelTan qvemdebaris marTvis analogiaSi (g. rogava, 1980).

Cvens masalebSi Cans, rom gardauval zmna-Semasmenlis mier qvemdebaris moTxrobiT brunvaSi marTva ara mxolod iseT Se-mTxvevebSi xdeba, roca qvemdebare gardauval da gardamaval zmnebs Sorisaa, aramed maSinac, roca polipersonalur winada-debaSi jer qvemdebarea da Semdeg gardauvali zmna-Semasmeneli. qvemdebare SeTanxmebulia ara uaxloes zmna-SemasmenelTan, ara-med momdevno zmnasTan.

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S a l v a g a b e sS a l v a g a b e sS a l v a g a b e sS a l v a g a b e s k i r i ak i r i ak i r i ak i r i a (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) kvlav dikvlav dikvlav dikvlav diaaaaleqtizmebisleqtizmebisleqtizmebisleqtizmebis sakiTxisaTvissakiTxisaTvissakiTxisaTvissakiTxisaTvis SoTa SoTa SoTa SoTa rusTavelis poemaSirusTavelis poemaSirusTavelis poemaSirusTavelis poemaSi

miuxedavad imisa, rom ukve TiTqmis erTi saukunea, dileq-tizmebi `vefxistyaosanSi~ kvlevis sagania, dGemde grZeldeba kamaTi imis Sesaxeb, SoTa rusTavelis mSobliuri kilo mesxu-ria Tu heruli.

`vefxistyaosnis~ folkloruli memkvidreoba, xalxuri gadmocemebi, aGorZinebis periodis qarTvel mweralTa cnobebi genialuri poetis mesxurobis Tvalsazriss uWers mxars.

moxsenebis avtoris azriT, ararusTvelurad miCneuli poe-mis epilogis is strofic rusTavels kuTvnis, romelSic poeti Tavis Tavs `vinme mesx meleqsed~ moixseniebs.

rac ufro mniSvnelovania, `vefxistyaosnis~ avtoris mesxurobas mxars uWers poemis enis analizi: mesxur dialeqts rusTavelis epoqaSi urTierToba hqonda aGmosavlur enebTan, poemaSi dasturdeba armenizmebi, mravali orientalizmi, qar-Tveluri leqsikuri erTeulebi da sxva mezobel dialeqtebTan saziaro formebi.

wamyvani arabul-sparsuli plastis garda poemaSi Turqu-li da monGoluri leqsikacaa gamoyenebuli.

`vefxistyaosanSi~ dasavluri kiloebisaTvis niSandoblivi movlenebi gvxvdeba (arn. Ciqobava):

nacvalsaxel misi-s xmareba `Tavisi~-s nacvlad; igi nacval-saxelis xmareba msazGvreladac; aqa _ zmnisarTis nacvlad aqa-na-s xmareba, romelic aWarul, gurul da upiratesad qvemoime-rulisTvisaa damaxasiaTebeli. gardauval orpirian zmnaTa TurmeobiT II-isa da kavSirebiT III-s sawarmoebelad -od sufiq-sis gamoyeneba imeruli da guruli dialeqtebis msgavsad. aw-myo drois fuZis sawarmoebeli -av-, -am- sufiqsebis namyo us-rulSi -ev- sufiqsiT Canacvleba; anda e-s dakargva da i-s da-rTva, romelic sxvadasxva dialeqtisTvisaa damaxasiaTebeli, maT Soris aWarulis, gurulisa da zemo imerulisTvis. saxe-lis fuZeebis SeukumSveli formebiT xmareba; zanuri metyvele-

16

bidan momdinare es movlena qvemo imerulisTvisacaa damaxasia-Tebeli.

`vefxistyaosanSi~ aris sityvebis jgufi, romelic im dia-leqtebSic aris dadasturebuli, romlebTanac mesxurs hqonda istoriulad urTierToba: zemoaWaruli, imerxeuli, guruli, imeruli, javaxuri. mag.: kapan-i `kldovani, Znelad gasasvleli gza~, erT saxe _ erT caxe (guruli, imeruli), `cota, patara~ da sxv.

zogierTi leqsikuri erTeuli mesxurs aqvs SemorCenili. mag.: nas-i `cudad gafuebuli comisgan gamomcxvari puri~.

poemaSi svanurTan ziari sityvac gvxvdeba. saraj-i (`wylis mili~) Sdr. svanuri sarðg, `wyari~.

rusTavelTan `samiznis~ mniSvnelobiT xmarebul sagan-s me-grulSi `isris~ mniSvneloba aqvs.

`vefxistyaosnis~ dialeqtizmebze dakvirveba gvafiqrebinebs, rom SoTa rusTaveli mSobliuri dialeqti mesxuri iyo, rac mas didebul qmnilebaSic aisaxa.

r u s u d a n g e r s a m i ar u s u d a n g e r s a m i ar u s u d a n g e r s a m i ar u s u d a n g e r s a m i a (Tbilisi. ilias saxelmwifo universiteti)

S1 piris nulovani alomorfis fonologiuri piris nulovani alomorfis fonologiuri piris nulovani alomorfis fonologiuri piris nulovani alomorfis fonologiuri poziciebis gansazpoziciebis gansazpoziciebis gansazpoziciebis gansazGGGGvrisaTvis megrulSivrisaTvis megrulSivrisaTvis megrulSivrisaTvis megrulSi

megrulis centraluri (xobi, Cxorowyu) da dasavluri

(zugdidi, walenjixa, gali) arealis teqsturma masalam gamoav-lina magaliTebi, roca S1-is vvvv- morfema oooo-xmovnis win nulovani alomorfiTaa warmodgenili, xolo zmniswiniseuli xmovani oooo gadasulia uuuu-Si, anu v v v v- morfemis Semadgeneli oooo----vvvv----oooo mimdevroba gardaqmnilia uuuu----oooo'd:

aRniSnul movlenasTan dakavSirebiT samecniero litera-turaSi gamoTqmulia orgvari Tvalsazrisi: 1. vvvv---- ikargeba oooo-s win (e. dadiani, t. futkaraZe); 2. vvvv---- ar ikargeba. uouououo mimdevro-baSi ki `uuuu ganixileba ovovovov an vovovovo (vovovovo > uuuu) segmentis monacvled~;

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amasTan, -uuuu CaTvlilia vvvv-s tolfard funqciur odenobad _ S1-is vvvv---- morfemis alomorfad (l. ezugbaia).

zemoaRniSnul Tvalsazrisebs axlavs ramdenime winaaRmde-goba da zogi sakiTxi saWiroebs dazustebas. moxsenebas aris cda, erTi mxriv, am winaaRmdegobaTa asaxsnelad da, meore mxriv, S1 piris nulovani alomorfis fonologiuri poziciebis dasadgenad.

megrulisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli morfonologiuri garda-qmnebis Sedegad vvvv-s dakargvis Semdeg Tavmoyrili oooooooo mimdevro-ba gadadis aaaa----Si (oooooooo > aaaa) (t. gudava, T. gamyreliZe), da ara uuuu-Si, rac, Tavis mxriv, gamoricxavs uouououo mimdevrobis miRebas da ufro marTebul gzad warmoaCens oooo----vvvv----o o o o > uuuu----vvvv----oooo > uouououo gada-svlas zmniswiniseuli xmovnis disimilaciiT da gardaqmnis bo-lo safexurze vvvv-s dakargviT: dodododo----vvvv----oTaoTaoTaoTasasasasafefefefe > > > > dudududu----vvvv----oooo----TaTaTaTasasasasafefefefe > > > > dudududu----ØØØØ-oTaoTaoTaoTasasasasafefefefe `davaTesine~, qoqoqoqo----vvvv----oZioZioZioZiranqranqranqranq > ququququ----vvvv----oZioZioZioZiranqranqranqranq > ququququ----ØØØØ-oZioZioZioZiranqranqranqranq `vaCveneb, vanaxeb~; Sdr.: II da III piris formebi: dadadada----Tasafe/u < *ddddooooooooTasafe/u `daTese/a~; qaqaqaqaZiri/u < *qaqaqaqaaaaaZiri/u < *qoqoqoqoaaaaZiri/u < ****qoqoqoqoooooZiZiZiZiriririri/u `naxe/a~.

miuxedavad imisa, rom ovovovov---- > uuuu gadasvla megrulisaTvis ucxo ar aris (g. kartozia), igi naklebad savaraudoa, vinaidan axlavs winaaRmdegobebi. vovovovo---- > uuuu gadasvlisaTvis ki xeli oooo-s funqciur Rirebulebas unda SeeSala. Sdr.: erTi mxriv, dodododo----vofuvofuvofuvofununununuanqanqanqanq || dudududuvovovovofufufufununununuanqanqanqanq `avaduReb~ da, meore mxriv, dodododo((((vvvv))))uuuu----fufufufununununuanqanqanqanq || dudududufufufufununununuaaaanqnqnqnq `avuduReb~.

S1: vvvv- > Ø gadasvla gvaqvs: 1. labialuri uuuu xmovnis wina poziciaSi (Sdr.: SenarCune-

bulia, Tu S1 morfemis alomorfi uuuu----s momdevnod aris gadasmu-li. aRniSnuli sakiTxi specialur literaturaSi kargadaa Se-swavlili).

2. Tu zmnuri struqturis anlautSi mdgari funqciuri elementebi (zmniswinebi, mtkicebiTi da uaryofiTi nawilakebi) bolovdeba aaaa an oooo-ze da esazRvreba S1 piris vvvv---- morfemas:

• uaryofiTi nawilaki: vavavava----oooo----reqreqreqreq < vavavava----vvvv----oreqoreqoreqoreq `ar var~, vavavava----oooo----oTanqoTanqoTanqoTanq < vavavava----vvvv----oooo----oTanqoTanqoTanqoTanq `ar gadavagdeb / ar davkargav / ar ves-vri~, vavavava----oooo----rwyeqrwyeqrwyeqrwyeq < vavavava----vvvv----oooo----rwyeqrwyeqrwyeqrwyeq `ver vxedav~, vavavava----oooo----ZiZiZiZiranqranqranqranq < vavavava----vvvv----oZioZioZioZiranqranqranqranq `ar vanaxeb~.

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mtkicebiTi nawilaki: qoqoqoqo----vvvv----oZioZioZioZiranqranqranqranq > ququququ----vvvv----oZioZioZioZiranqranqranqranq > ququququ-ØØØØ-oZioZioZioZiranqranqranqranq `vaCveneb, vanaxeb~; qoqoqoqo----vvvv----oSeoSeoSeoSebabababafufufufuanqanqanqanq > > > > ququququ----vvvv----oSeoSeoSeoSebabababafufufufuanqanqanqanq > > > > ququququ----ØØØØ-oSeoSeoSeoSebabababafufufufuanqanqanqanq `vaSovnineb~.……

zmniswini: gogogogo----vvvv----ononononZgviZgviZgviZgviririririnunununuanqanqanqanq > gugugugu----vvvv----oooo----nZvinZvinZvinZviririririnunununuanqanqanqanq > gugugugu-ØØØØ-ononononZgviZgviZgviZgviririririnunununuanq anq anq anq `saxtad davtoveb~, gogogogo----vvvv----ojuojuojuojunanananafufufufuanqanqanqanq > > > > gugugugu----vvvv----ojuojuojuojunanananafufufufuanqanqanqanq > > > > gugugugu----ØØØØ----ojuojuojuojunanananafufufufuanqanqanqanq `davakocnineb~.

amgvarad, megrulSi (dasavluri da centraluri arealis teqstebSi) S1-is alomorfad ØØØØ---- gvxvdeba::::

1. Tu S1 morfemis alomorfi uuuu----s momdevnod ar aris mo-qceuli;

2. intervokalur poziciaSi, roca erT-erTi xmovani labia-luria: aaaa----ØØØØ----o o o o (< aaaa----vvvv----oooo); uuuu----ØØØØ----oooo (< uuuu----vvvv----oooo < oooo----vvvv----oooo).

g v a n c ag v a n c ag v a n c ag v a n c a g v a n c e l a Z eg v a n c e l a Z eg v a n c e l a Z eg v a n c e l a Z e (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) nasaxelar zmnaTanasaxelar zmnaTanasaxelar zmnaTanasaxelar zmnaTa, , , , masdarTa da mimmasdarTa da mimmasdarTa da mimmasdarTa da mimGGGGeobaTaeobaTaeobaTaeobaTa semantikuri cvlilebani zemoimerulisemantikuri cvlilebani zemoimerulisemantikuri cvlilebani zemoimerulisemantikuri cvlilebani zemoimeruli kilokavis monacemTa mixedvikilokavis monacemTa mixedvikilokavis monacemTa mixedvikilokavis monacemTa mixedviTTTT

1. enis leqsikuri fondis gamdidrebis erT-erTi farTod

gavrcelebuli gza saxelebisagan zmnaTa, masdarTa da mimReoba-Ta warmoqmnaa. nasaxelar zmnebs, masdarebsa da mimReobebs mra-vali Tavisebureba axasiaTebs, magram Cveni mizania am jgufis sityvaTa semantikuri cvlilebebis analizi zemoimeruli kilo-kavis monacemTa safuZvelze. saanalizo masala aRebuli gvaqvs prof. qeTevan ZoweniZis mier Cawerili teqstebidan da misive `zemoimeruli leqsikonidan~.

2. masalaze dakvirvebam saSualeba mogvca, gamogveyo sami pirobiTi jgufi:

a. nasaxelar zmnas, masdars, an mimReobas maqsimalurad aqvs SenarCunebuli sayrdeni saxelis semantika da damatebiT iZens mcired niuanss, rasac ganapirobebs sityvis mniSvnelobaSi sta-tikurobis, an dinamikurobis semantikis Setana. magaliTad: na-

19

saxelari zmna gagagagawiTwiTwiTwiTldaldaldalda aRniSnavs sagnis mier wiTeli feris miRebas da mas ara aqvs zedsarTav saxel wiwiwiwiTelTelTelTel-is mTavari mniSvnelobisagan daSorebuli semantika; mimReoba dadadadaooooTxfeTxfeTxfeTxfexexexexe----bubububulililili momdinareobs saxeluri sintagmisagan oTxi feoTxi feoTxi feoTxi fexixixixi. es si-tyva informators ase ganumartavs: `Calas ro SevkoniT, 4-5 konas erTaT movangrovefT, davayenefT fexze da esaa daoTxfe-xeba~. imave saxeluri sintagmisagan momdinareobs nasaxelari zmna dadadadaaaaaoToToToTfefefefexebsxebsxebsxebs. orive sityvis semantika Sors araa amosava-li sintagmis mniSvnelobisagan, radgan TandebuldarTuli sa-xeli fefefefexixixixi rogorc samwignobro enaSi, ise zemoimerul kilo-kavSic farTod gamoiyeneba gadataniTi mniSvnelobiT: fexfexfexfexzezezeze dadadadayeyeyeyenenenenebabababa iTqmis im saganzec, romelsac fexi realurad aqvs da iseT nivTzec (mag., Calis konaze), romelsac fexi ar moepoveba, magram dgomis unari aqvs; semantika gamogamogamogamokalkalkalkalmamsmamsmamsmams zmnisa gulis-xmobs `kalmisagan yanis gawmendas~ da mas uSualo kavSiri aqvs saxelTan kakakakalalalalamimimimi...

b. nasaxelari zmnis, masdaris, an mimReobis semantika sakma-od gansxvavdeba sayrdeni saxelis amosavali mniSvnelobisagan, magram or mniSvnelobas Soris logikur-asociaciuri kavSiri jer kidev SenarCunebulia. magaliTad: masdari abiabiabiabilllliiiikekekekebabababa da zmna eieieieibibibibililililikebskebskebskebs nawarmoebia bibibibililililikikikiki saxelisagan. nasaxelari masdari aRniSnavs `gagdeba~-s, xolo nasaxelari zmnis mniSvne-lobaa `gaagdebs~. ra Tqma unda, meoreuli mniSvnelobebi Sor-saa amosavali saxeluri semantikisagan, magram maT Soris logi-kur-asociaciuri kavSiri jerac sagrZnobia: adamianis, an cxove-lis gagdeba bilikze iZulebiT gadayvaniTac SesaZlebelia; ase-Tive viTarebaa zemoimerul nasaxelar gamogamogamogamokalkalkalkalmmmmaaaa masdaris Se-mTxvevaSic, romelic ase ganimarteba: `gamoqna kalmis naxaziviT wvrilad~ (warbebisa) (Sdr. zemoT dasaxelebuli zmna gamogamogamogamo----kalkalkalkalmamsmamsmamsmams)...

g. nasaxelari zmnis, masdaris, an mimReobis semantika radi-kalurad gansxvavdeba sayrdeni saxelis amosavali mniSvnelobi-sagan. am jgufSi xSiria SemTxvevebi, roca nasaxelari sityvis semantikasa da am sityvis sayrdeni saxelis semantikas Soris kavSiri Zneli mosaxelTebelia da sagangebo Ziebas moiTxovs. aseTebia, magaliTad: gagagagagvrigvrigvrigvritutututulililili `gawmendili, gasufTavebuli, galamazebuli~ (sayrdeni saxelia gvrigvrigvrigvrititititi), gamogamogamogamoiiiifufufufurerererebabababa `gamo-

20

ibuzeba, gamoituzeba~ (sayrdeni saxelia fufufufuriririri), gagagagaWreWreWreWrelelelelebubububulililili `vinc ayovnebs, aWianurebs gadawyvetilebis miRebas~ (sayrdeni saxelia WreWreWreWrelililili)...

l e l a g i g l e m i a n il e l a g i g l e m i a n il e l a g i g l e m i a n il e l a g i g l e m i a n i (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) adgilis zmnisarTebi svanur dialeqtebSiadgilis zmnisarTebi svanur dialeqtebSiadgilis zmnisarTebi svanur dialeqtebSiadgilis zmnisarTebi svanur dialeqtebSi

1. ÓÅÀÍÖÒÉ ÄÍÉÓ ÃÉÀËÄØÔÄÁÛÉ ßÀÒÌÏÃÂÄÍÉËÉÀ ÀÃÂÉËÉÓ ÆÌÍÉ-

ÓÀÒÈÄÁÉÓ ÒÏÂÏÒÝ ×ÏÍÄÔÉÊÖÒÀÃ, ÉÓÄ ÓÔÒÖØÔÖÒÉÈ ÂÀÍÓáÅÀÅÄÁÖËÉ ÅÀÒÉÀÍÔÄÁÉ.

ÓÅÀÍÖÒÉ ÄÍÉÓ ÚÅÄËÀ ÃÉÀËÄØÔÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ, ÌÄÂÒÖË-ËÀÆÖÒÉÓ ÌÓÂÀÅ-ÓÀÃ, ÃÀÌÀáÀÓÉÀÈÄÁÄËÉÀ ÜÅÄÍÄÁÉÈ ÍÀÝÅÀËÓÀáÄËÈÀ ÃÀ ÀÃÂÉËÉÓ ÆÌÍÉ-ÓÀÒÈÈÀ ÏÒßÄÅÒÉÀÍÉ ÓÉÓÔÄÌÀ, ÒÏÌÄËÛÉÝ ÐÉÒÅÄË ÐÉÒÈÀÍ ÓÉÀáËÏÅÉÓ ÀÙÌÍÉÛÅÍÄËÉ ÓÉÔÚÅÀ ( ÍÀÝÅÀËÓÀáÄËÉ, ÆÌÍÉÓÀÒÈÉ) ÖÐÉÒÉÓÐÉÒÃÄÁÀ ÌÄ-ÏÒÄ ÃÀ ÌÄÓÀÌÄ ÐÉÒÈÀÍ ÓÉÀáËÏÅÉÓ ÀÙÌÍÉÛÅÍÄË ÓÉÔÚÅÀÓ ( ÛÄÓÀÁÀÌÉ-ÓÀÃ_ ÍÀÝÅÀËÓÀáÄËÓ, ÆÌÍÉÓÀÒÈÓ).

2. ÀÌÄ `ÀØ~ ÐÉÒÅÄË ÐÉÒÈÀÍ ÓÉÀáËÏÅÄÓ ÂÀÌÏáÀÔÀÅÓ. ÀÌÄ-Ó ÐÀÒÀ-ËÄËÖÒÀà ÓÅÀÍÖÒÉÓ ÚÅÄËÀ ÃÉÀËÄØÔÛÉ ÂÅáÅÃÄÁÀ ÓÔÒÖØÔÖÒÖËÀà ÂÀÍÓáÅÀÅÄÁÖËÉ ÀÌÄÜÖ. ÜÖ ÄËÄÌÄÍÔÉ ÓÅÀÍÖÒÉÓÀÅÄ ÆÌÍÉÓßÉÍ-ÈÀÍÃÄÁÖË ÜÖ-Ó ÖÊÀÅÛÉÒÃÄÁÀ.

ÃÉÀËÄØÔÄÁÛÉ áÛÉÒÉÀ ×ÏÍÄÔÉÊÖÒÀà ÈÖ ÓÔÒÖØÔÖÒÖËÀà ÂÀÍ-ÓáÅÀÅÄÁÖËÉ ×ÏÒÌÄÁÉ: ÁÀËÓÆÄÌÏÖÒÉ ÀÌÄÜîÍ, ËÀÛáÖÒÉ ÀÌÄÜîÍÄÍ (ÀÌÄ-ÜÖÍÄÍ); ÀÌÀÜÖ, ÀÌÀÜÖËÀ ÃÀ ÀÌÏÜÖ ÁÀËÓØÅÄÌÏÖÒÉ ÃÉÀËÄØÔÉÓÈÅÉÓ ÃÀÌÀáÀÓÉÀÈÄÁÄËÉ ÅÀÒÉÀÍÔÄÁÉÀ (Â. ÊÀàÀÒÀÅÀ).

ÁÀËÓØÅÄÌÏÖÒÛÉ ÃÀÃÀÓÔÖÒÄÁÖËÉ ÀÌÄÂ `ÀØ" ÆÌÍÉÓÀÒÈÉ È. ÛÀÒÀ-ÞÄÍÉÞÄÓ ÒÈÖËÉ ÛÄÃÂÄÍÉËÏÁÉÓÀÃ ÌÉÀÜÍÉÀ.

ÀÌÏá `ÀØ" ËÄÍÔÄáÖÒÉ ÃÉÀËÄØÔÉÓÈÅÉÓ ÃÀÌÀáÀÓÉÀÈÄÁÄËÉ ÆÌÍÉ-ÓÀÒÈÉÀ,ÒÏÌÄËÓÀÝ ÀÃÂÉËÉÓ ÀÙÍÉÛÅÍÀÓÈÀÍ ÄÒÈÀÃ, ÌÉÌÀÒÈÖËÄÁÉÓ ÂÀÌÏáÀÔÅÀÝ ÛÄÖÞËÉÀ.

ÆÌÍÉÓÀÒÈÉ ÀÌÄØÀ `ÀØ", `ÀÌÀÆÄ", ÒÏÌÄËÉÝ ÜÅÄÍÄÁÉÈ ÍÀÝÅÀËÓÀáÄË ÀÌÄ-ÆÄ -ØÀ ÈÀÍÃÄÁÖËÉÓ ÃÀÒÈÅÉÈ ÀÒÉÓ ÌÉÙÄÁÖËÉ, ÂÀÅÒÝÄËÄÁÖËÉÀ ÁÀËÓÆÄÌÏÖÒÛÉ, ËÀÛáÖÒÓÀ ÃÀ ËÄÍÔÄáÖÒÛÉ.

21

3. ÄÜÄ `ÌÀÍÃ", `ÉØ" ÆÌÍÉÓÀÒÈÉ ÒÏÂÏÒÝ ÌÄÓÀÌÄ, ÉÓÄ ÌÄÏÒÄ ÐÉÒÈÀÍ ÌÚÏ×ÏÁÀÓ ÂÀÌÏáÀÔÀÅÓ. ÄÜÄ ÓÅÀÍÖÒÉÓ ÚÅÄËÀ ÃÉÀËÄØÔÛÉ ÂÅáÅÃÄÁÀ; ÌÀÓ-ÆÄ ÌÄÔÉ ÓÉáÛÉÒÉÈ ÂÀÌÏÉÒÜÄÅÀ ÄÜÄÜÖ `ÉØ" ÅÀÒÉÀÍÔÉ. ËÄÍÔÄáÖÒÛÉ ßÀÒÌÏÃÂÄÍÉËÉÀ ÓÔÒÖØÔÖÒÖËÀà ÂÀÍÓáÅÀÅÄÁÖËÉ ÄÜÀÍÜÖ, ÁÀËÓØÅÄÌÏ-ÖÒÛÉ ÄÜÈÄÜÖ, ÄÜÄÜÏ, ÄÜÄÉËÀ, ÄÜÄÜÖËÀ...

ÄÜÄ `ÉØ" ÁÀËÓØÅÄÌÏÖÒÉÓÈÅÉÓ ÓÐÄÝÉ×ÉÊÖÒÉ ×ÏÒÌÀÀ, ÄÜÏá `ÉØ" ÊÉ _ ËÄÍÔÄáÖÒÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ.

4. ÓáÅÀ ÆÌÍÉÓÀÒÈÄÁÉÝ (`ÆÄÌÏÈ", `ØÅÄÌÏÈ", `ÛÉÂÍÉÈ", `ÂÀÒÄÈ", `ßÉÍ", `ÖÊÀÍ", `ÌÀÒãÅÍÉÅ", `ÌÀÒÝáÍÉÅ", `ÀØÄÃÀÍ", `ÉØÉÃÀÍ" ÃÀ ÓáÅÀ) ÓÅÀ-ÍÖÒ ÃÉÀËÄØÔÄÁÛÉ ÓáÅÀÃÀÓáÅÀ ÅÀÒÉÀÍÔÄÁÓ ÂÅÉÜÅÄÍÄÁÄÍ.

ÃÀÓÊÅÍÉÓ ÓÀáÉÈ ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀ ÀÙÉÍÉÛÍÏÓ, ÒÏÌ ÓÅÀÍÖÒÉ ÀÃÂÉËÉÓ ÆÌÍÉÓÀÒÈÄÁÉ ÅÀÒÉÀÍÔÖËÏÁÉÈ ÂÀÌÏÉÒÜÄÅÀ (ÉÂÖËÉÓáÌÄÁÀ ÒÏÂÏÒÝ ÓáÅÀÃÀÓáÅÀ ÃÉÀËÄØÔÄÁÛÉ ÀÒÓÄÁÖËÉ ÌÒÀÅÀË×ÄÒÏÅÍÄÁÀ, ÉÓÄ ÄÒÈÉ ÃÉ-ÀËÄØÔÉÓ ×ÀÒÂËÄÁÛÉ ßÀÒÌÏÃÂÄÍÉËÉ ÐÀÒÀËÄËÖÒÉ ×ÏÒÌÄÁÉ).

e l e n ee l e n ee l e n ee l e n e g i u n a S v i l ig i u n a S v i l ig i u n a S v i l ig i u n a S v i l i (Tbilisi. g. wereTlis aGmosavleTmcodneobis instituti) iranuli elementebis kvlevisaTvis fereidnulSiiranuli elementebis kvlevisaTvis fereidnulSiiranuli elementebis kvlevisaTvis fereidnulSiiranuli elementebis kvlevisaTvis fereidnulSi

fereidnuli kilo unikaluria sxva qarTvelur kiloebs Soris, radgan mowyvetilia mSobliur garemos, monaTesave ko-loebs, saliteraturo enas da mainc ganagrZobs arsebobas oTxi saukunis ganmavlobaSi. fereidnulis mixedviT SesaZlebe-lia `gaviTvaliswinoT, Tu ra saxes miiRebs qarTuli metyvele-ba ucxo enobriv wreSi moqceuli, rogor gaiSleba misi imanen-turi yofis tendenciebi da rogor moqmedebs masze ucxo enobrivi garemo~ (a. Ciqobava).

ucxo enobrivi gavlenebi fereidnulze ganekuTvneba inter-ferenciis rTul saxeobas, romelic moicavs misi enobrivi sis-temis yvela dones (fonologias, morfologias, sintaqss da sxv.).

metad sainteresoa iranuli nasesxobebis kvleva fereid-nulSi. dReisaTvis arsebuli teqstobrivi masalis mixedviT Se-

22

saZlebelia iranuli (anu, sakuTris sparsuli, sparsul-arabu-li da sxva iranuli dialeqtebidan momdinare) leqsikis siste-muri Seswavla da misi, rogorc sakuTriv fereidnulisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli SeTvisebis dinamizmis _ morfo-fonologiuri adaptaciebis, gramatikuli gaformebis, semantikuri cvlilebe-bis gamovlena.

moxsenebaSi warmodgenilia saliteraturo qarTulTan Se-darebiT fonetikurad da semantikurad gansxvavebuli iranu-li leqsemebis (Sdr. fereid. fasoxi, qarT. pasuxi, fereid. qa-Razebi _ `werilebi~, qarT. qaRaldi; fereid. xaiSi _ `Txov-na~, qarT. xoSi) da aseve iranuli kalkebisa da naxevrad kalke-bis distribuciuli analizi fereidnulSi.

g i o r g ig i o r g ig i o r g ig i o r g i g o g o l a S v i l ig o g o l a S v i l ig o g o l a S v i l ig o g o l a S v i l i (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) ----h da h da h da h da ----s prefiqsebi Tanamedrove qarTulis prefiqsebi Tanamedrove qarTulis prefiqsebi Tanamedrove qarTulis prefiqsebi Tanamedrove qarTuli enis dialeqtebSienis dialeqtebSienis dialeqtebSienis dialeqtebSi

qarTuli enis istoriis manZilze subieqturi meore da

obieqturi mesame piris gamoxatvas sirTule da problemebi

KovelTvis axlda. es sirTule ver gaamartiva axal qarTulSi

saliteraturo enis normaTa dadgenam; Tanamedrove qarTulis

viTareba gacilebiT ufro rTulia, vidre odesme iKo. mxedve-

lobaSi gvaqvs saliteraturo enisa da dialeqtebis viTareba;

gansakuTrebiT am ukanasknelisa. Cven SevecadeT saerTo sura-

Tis daxatvas dialeqtologiuri samecniero literaturis mi-

xedviT. monacemTa sizusteze, cxadia, pasuxs am SemTxvevaSi ama

Tu im dialeqtis mkvlevari agebs, vis naSromebsac vemKarebiT.

orgvar sqemas warmovadgenT: erTSi mocemulia variantebi

S2O3 prefiqsebisa da maTi gavrcelebis are; meore sqemaSi am

variantTa damadasturebeli magaliTebi mogvKavs.

23

I s q e m a:

Ø h s z S j x G � �h �s �x �z �S †

qarTl. + + + + + + + + +

kax. + + + + + + + +

ing. + + + + + +

fereid. + + +

xevs. + + + + + + + +

mTiul. + + +

mox. + + + + + + + +

TuS. + + + + + + + +

fS. + + + + + + + + + +

Jav. + + + + + + +

ayar. + + + + + +

imer. + + + +

gur. + + + +

leCx. + + + + +

ray. + + + +

klarJ. + + +

garda amisa, kaxurSi, ingiloursa da ayarulSi dadastu-rebulia hx, hS da hs variantebi; moxeursa da JavaxurSi _ hx.

II s q e m a: magaliTebi (vasaxelebT ramdenime SemTxvevas ama Tu im dia-

leqtidan):

Ø akeTeb, aSeneb, ukeTeb, uSeneb... kiTxa, miwera (imer.)

h gahKva, mohkvdomia... vhfqovdiT (mox.) ahtkivda (ayar.)

s sZinavs, swKdeba, Seswevda, gasTavebia..

z movzJardiT (xevs.), zdgebi (kax.), gadazdisa (qarTl.)

S moSyra, gaSyirebia (qarTl.), SeSyamTo (kax.), gaSCexa (ayar.)

j jJobnia, dajJerda (ayar.), jJGvlems (TuS.), dajJerdan (xevs.)

x daxfaraven (xevs.), davxpatije (mox.), xparavs, xqonda (TuS.), ax-

kidebs (ayar.)

G waGlalavs (xevs.), gavGlesT (mox.), Gnaxidi (TuS.)

� wa�brZandebi, a�dgebi (kax.), da�Tanxmda, da�kiTxa (qarTl.)

�h a�hKva, ga�hkra (qarTl.), Ca�hKo (kax.), da�hfqavden (fS.)

�s da�swvda, wa�swKvita (qarTl.), da�swverT (kax.)

�x �xKav, �xƒocden, �xƒnavda, gda�xKoliKo (fS.)

24

�z gama�zZaxs (fS.)

�S da�SyKivla, Sa�Syams, da�Syriden (fS.)

† ga†fxek (← gahfxek) (mox.)

hs mihsca, avhswoneviT, avhswie (ayar.), mivhscem (ing.)

hS SehSyamda, gahSyra, dahSyirdeba (ayar.), mohSyra (ing.)

hx CahxKves, mihxvda (ayar.), hxKidi, dahxxura (ingil.)

sul dadasturebulia 18 fonetikuri varianti. Kvelaze

meti kaxur dialeqtSia warmodgenili (cxadia, kilokauri

TvalsazrisiTac aris sxvaoba, magram Cven amJerad amas ver

gamovedevnebiT); Kvelaze naklebi varianti klarJulSi gvaqvs

(esec SeiZleba imiT aixsnes, rom es dialeqti, Tu dialeqtTa

Jgufi SedarebiT naklebadaa Seswavlili).

oriode SeniSvna: hhhh---- da ssss---- prefiqsebis Semdeg Kvelaze met

dialeqtSi xxxx---- prefiqsia warmodgenili (Cven aq ar vgulisxmobT

xxxx----arararar da xxxx----val val val val / / / / xxxx----vedvedvedved zmnebs _ x- prefiqsi am zmnebSi qarTu-

li enis istoriis Kvela etapze dasturdeba). veTanxmebiT im

azrs, rom am SemTxvevaSi x x x x---- iseTive fonetikuri procesebis Se-

degia, rogorc sxva variantebi.

da kidev: Zveli qarTulis ZeglebSi dasturdeba ormagi

gamoxatva pirisa. rogorc Cans, es variantic qarTuli salite-

raturo enis ganviTarebis mTel manZilze gvxvdeba: saSual

qarTulSi sakmaod mravladaa; XIX saukuneSic (ilias enaSic)

da, rogorc vxedavT, dGevandel dialeqtebSic (hs, hS, hx). is

faqti, rom saSuali qarTulis monacemi orTografiis proble-

mad moiazreba, SeiZleba eyvqveS daaKenos swored dialeqturma

monacemebma: dialeqtebSi dadasturebuli ormagi prefiqsebi

ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos orTografiuli aGrevis Sedegad...

dabolos, subieqturi meore da obieqturi mesame piris

niSnebi mraval kiTxvas aGZraven... sagangebo kvlevaa sayiro am

kiTxvebze pasuxis gasacemad...

25

T a m iT a m iT a m iT a m i l al al al a g o g o l a Z e g o g o l a Z e g o g o l a Z e g o g o l a Z e (gori. saswavlo universiteti) dialeqturi leqsikadialeqturi leqsikadialeqturi leqsikadialeqturi leqsika da mwerali da mwerali da mwerali da mwerali

1. saukuneTa manZilze enaSi axali sityvebis Semosvlisa

Tu misi damkvirdebis process, upirvelesad, mwerali amCnevda, Tvalyurs adevnebda. dReisaTvis es sakiTxi TiTqmis miyurisZi-rebulia. amitom saWiroa da sayuradRebo 1922 wels Jurnal `lomisSi~ konstantine gamsaxurdias patara werili `axali si-tyvebi~

2. k. gamsaxurdia Jurnal `xomaldis~ `mebibliografis~ gancxadebis sapasuxod, SeniSnavs, rom mas abraleben barbariz-mebis Semotanas saliteraturo qarTulSi. paTosi am werilisa mxolod braldebis gabaTilebas ar isaxavs miznad, piriqiT, igi saliteraturo enis leqsikuri gamdidrebis gzebis Ziebiskenaa mimarTuli. mwerali mowadinebulia gandevnos qarTuli enidan `is zedmeti balasti~, romelic saukuneebis gavleniT, masSi `Calekila~. paralelurad k. gamsaxurdia ayenebs `enis repara-ciis~ aucileblobas `adgilobriv dialeqtebis leqsikis saSua-lebiT~.

3. mwerali cdilobs aCvenos, rogor xdeboda saukuneTa manZilze barbarizmebis Semosvla-damkvidreba jer indoeT-spar-seTidan, Semdeg ki—rusulidan. avtori SeniSnavs, rom kidev didi droa saWiro qarTuli enis `ukulturo barbarizmebis dasaxvewad~.

4. k. gamsaxurdias azriT, bevri axali sityvis damkvidrebi-saTvis `dauSreteli idiomuri auzia~ berZnul-laTinuri ene-bi, anu igi faqtiurad ayenebs saerTaSoriso sityvebis aqedan damkvidrebas enaSi. magram aqve enis gamdidrebis yvelaze uke-Tes saSualebad avtori miiCnevs dialeqturi leqsikidan (gan-sakuTrebiT megrul-svanuri da fSav-xevsuruli kiloebidan) moZiebuli sityvebis Semotanis aucileblobas, rac mwerlis prerogativaa, romelsac k. gamsaxurdia `axali sityvebis may-rebs~ uwodebs.

5. sadReisod metad mwvaved dgas saliteraturo qarTulSi barbarizmebisa Tu dialeqturi leqsikidan Semotanis sakiTxi. ra-

26

dio-televizia, bulvaruli presa Tu, saerTod, qarTuli Jur-nal-gazeTebi, saSiSad anagvianeben qarTul enas usistemo, stiqiu-ri, modis gavleniT Semotanili sityvebiT. aRniSnul sakiTxebze mxolodRa enaTmecnierebi msjeloben, Zveli Tu axali Taobis mwerlebi ki `nergaven~, stiluri specifikis sababiT, barbariz-mebs, dialeqtizmebs, vulgarizmebs. am TvalsazrisiT asi wlis wi-naT mwerlisa da moqalaqis k. gamsaxurdias patara werili `axali sityvebi~ metad saWirboroto mniSvnelobas iZens.

T a m a r v a S a k i Z eT a m a r v a S a k i Z eT a m a r v a S a k i Z eT a m a r v a S a k i Z e (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) dialeqtizmebi dialeqtizmebi dialeqtizmebi dialeqtizmebi _ _ _ _ rogorc poeturrogorc poeturrogorc poeturrogorc poetur----stilistikuristilistikuristilistikuristilistikuri xerxi muxranxerxi muxranxerxi muxranxerxi muxran maWavarianis Sem maWavarianis Sem maWavarianis Sem maWavarianis SemooooqmedebaSiqmedebaSiqmedebaSiqmedebaSi

muxran mayavarians gamorCeulad ZaluZs gare samKaros poe-turad warmoCena, KofiTi movlenebis saleqso samosSi gaxveva, Cveulebrivi, nacnobi sitKvebisaTvis (xSirad dialeqturi forme-bisaTvis) axleburi sazrisis miniyeba da maTi musikad gardaqmna:

biyi?! marTla?! ai, mesmis! aba, me ar mgvanebia... _ rarararavavavava, Sen ra? _ raGa, rarararavavavava, kaci JavriT aGara var, _ sami Svilis mama var da samiveni qalebia.

poetiseul alGos enisas da mis leqsiT metKvelebas, rome-lic gansxvavebuli, mxolod muxranisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli si-laGiTa da nairgvarobiT gamoirCeva, Tavisebur elfers sZens dialeqtizmebic (ZiriTadad imerizmebi). es ukanasknelni po- eturi efeqtisa Tu riTmis sayiroebisaTvis gamoiKenebian xol-me xSirad Semoqmedis mier.

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zmnur formaTagan TvalSi sacemia dialeqtizmebis ori ti-pi: erT SemTxvevaSi poeti imeruli leqsikidan uSualod iGebs ama Tu im erTeuls da Sesaferis adgils uZebnis mas leqsis striqonSi. xSirad dialeqturi forma, rogorc iTqva, sariTmo erTeulsac warmoadgens, rac kidev ufro meti emociiT aGaqme-vinebs mkiTxvels saTqmelis azrsa da Sinaarss:

me ara erTxel gamigonia natvra miwaze _ sul erT mtkavelze. _ axla TbilisSi gagagagamamamamarorororonianianiania da mere momkla_ aGar daveZeb.

sxva SemTxvevaSi zmna gamoKenebulia imerulisaTvis damaxa-

siaTebeli variantiT (imeruli gaformebiT): gajGenTilia siZvelis suniT damZaGebuli oTaxis hava. gareT ki ukve mze amosula, gareT ki ukve tKemlebi hKvahKvahKvahKvavavavava. muxran mayavarianis poeziaSi vxvdebiT saxelebTan dakavSi-

rebul morfologiur dialeqtizmebsac, rogoric aris, magali-Tad, saxelobiTi brunvis niSnis gamoKeneba xmovanze fuZedabo-loebul saxelebTan:

mzeimzeimzeimzei, ibGavla miwam. mzem daiZaxa: _ miwa!

saxeli moxmobilia wrfelobiTis formiTac (rac damaxa-siaTebelia xevsuruli dialeqtisTvis):

xevxevxevxevsursursursur Camodis liqokiT, moKmeni franguls uqeben... dialeqtizmebs vxvdebiT agreTve zedsarTavi saxelebis ga-

moKenebisas:

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vxedav _ mezoblis saxlis Tavze gatexil kramits. vxedav _ foTlebze TqaraTquri gaudis wvimas. vxedav _ Saraze qali garbis sosososovevevevelililili kabiT. vxedav _ qaTmebi abuzulan qliavis Ziras. dialeqturi variantebiT dasturdeba nacvalsaxelebic:

sul ramdenime, ori Tu sami, imedad CemCemCemCemdadadada, arsebobs saxli, sadac me ZalmiZs, Kovel dros ZalmiZs, moulodnelad davreko zari.

an kidev:

ver SeaCerebs veraferi sitKvas gabeduls _ frTebi masxia TqvenTqvenTqvenTqvengniTgniTgniTgniT, mxolod TqvenTqvenTqvenTqvengniTgniTgniTgniT rameTu. dialeqturi formebiT warmogvidgeba zmnisarTebic:

gaumarJos Kvelas GmerTma, vinc ki rosrosrosrosmemememe qarTlis mterTa angelozni daufeTa.

sxva SemTxvevaSi:

Kefda nagazi. mwifda mTvare. vtovebdiT kumiss. wamiGo sevdam: ar icode kacma qe mainc, _ dGes ara, _ xva xva xva xvale le le le ukve veGar dagirGvevs dumils

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xma verca mamlis, verca ZaGlis... muxran mayavarianis SemoqmedebaSi gansakuTrebiT mravlad

daCndeba kavSirebis dialeqturi formebi (TvaTvaTvaTvarararara, mamamamarararara, rorororo...): brali miamitis, _ me Sen getKvi dGes da CvenSi isic, ar meKofa sitKvis maragi... TvaTvaTvaTvara ra ra ra me ra miyirs, _ ara! qvisqveS raa, vici. sxvisi misabaZi ra myirs, _ TvaTvaTvaTvarararara ki! vinmem, arcaa gasakviri, _ arc icis iqneb, _ qristes Sobamde rom Seiqmna qarTuli wigni... ara! es ase rom ar iKos, kidev, _ xo, _ mamamamarararara!!!! ase rom aris?!

an kidev:

Tund erTi maTgan, _ ase KinCad, vinc gidgas gverdiT, rorororo rame iKos, _ wveTs sisxlisas gaiGebs SenTvis?! eh... Seni mteri araa meti.

sxva SemTxvevaSi:

vin?! _ xelosani vamJobino xalas xelovans? bnela? _

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Tu bnela? _ ki, batono! magram dGe rorororoaaaa? dasturdeba agreTve KeKeKeKe nawilaki (romliTac gadmocemulia

subieqtis simravle): ramdeni rame iKo KeKeKeKe kargi da Cemi urgebi.

imeruli dialeqtisTvis damaxasiaTebeli imeimeimeime formiT xSirad gamoxatulia gakvirvebis semantika:

magondeba: zamTaria. TeTri, TeTri zamTaria. stumrebs veliT, _ vGelavT: _ imeimeimeime, Tu modian, _ sad arian?! dialeqturi formebiT warmoCndeba zogJer poetiseuli

iumoric: grialebs taSi.

zecas angrevs taSis griali. patiosneba Zegligia dGes kajiani. xma ismis zogJer taSis xmaSi xamuS-xamuSi: _ sad ariariariari, TvaTvaTvaTvarararara, kaikaikaikai kia sindis-namusi.

an kidev: kvlavaa, viT iKo, sawuTro alubluri: Sexedav _ balia! igemeb, _ tKemali! ramdeni kacia mis mier daGupuli! Jandabas! udrood ar gvxocdes qe qe qe qe mainc.

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muxran mayavarianis poeziaSi dialeqtizmebi warmogvidgeba, rogorc erTgvari poetur-stilistikuri xerxi (mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs ZiriTadad im tipis SemTxvevebi, roca dialeqturi for-ma sariTmo erTeulsac warmoadgens amavdroulad), roca sa-Tqmelis Sinaarsi da misi bgerobrivi samKaro (am SemTxvevaSi dialeqtizmebi) ise bunebrivad arian erTmaneTze gadaJayvulni, rom cal-calke verc ki aGiqmebian _ mkiTxvelic Kovelgvari Zaldatanebis gareSe xdeba misi poeziis Tanaziari:

dGes Jixvis rqaSi me vteni varams, amaod vteni, rogorc Sen guSin... me, me vikiTxo, me ra vqna. TvaTvaTvaTvarararara Sen ra xania gaqvs Tavi qudSi (mimarTavs muxrani

vajas). muxran mayavarianis stiqiaa samSoblos xati _ poeturad

aGbeydili. aq poulobs igi tkivilisa Tu aGmafrenis usazGvro SesaZleblobebs... bunebrivia, saqarTvelos Znelbedo-bis dros muxran mayavariani mxolod poetad ver darCeboda. man momaval Taobebs gadaurCina erovnuli TviTSegneba... am di-di sazrisis _ samSoblos gancdis _ bgerobriv samosSi mosaq-cevad didma muxranma sxva poetur aGkazmulobasTan erTad di-aleqtizmebsac mouxmo:

saKdriT gamodis patara kaxis karis moZGvari kaxT-mayavari, romelic Turme Kofila naGdi kaci da, mere, kaci ravariravariravariravari! _ Cemi ar iKos, qarTveli xalxi Kofila Turme misTvis mTavari.

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m am am am a r ir ir ir i n e k an e k an e k an e k a k ak ak ak a C i aC i aC i aC i a , , , , q eq eq eq e T eT eT eT e v a n m a rv a n m a rv a n m a rv a n m a r g ig ig ig i aaaa n in in in i ,,,, m am am am a r ir ir ir i n a n a n a n a J GJ GJ GJ G a ra ra ra r k ak ak ak a v av av av a (Tbilisi. soxumis saxelmwifo universiteti) qarTvelur qarTvelur qarTvelur qarTvelur enaenaenaena----kiloTakiloTakiloTakiloTa leq leq leq leqsisisisikokokokoninininis SedgenisaTviss SedgenisaTviss SedgenisaTviss SedgenisaTvis

1. teqnologiurma miRwevebma dRis wesrigSi daayena samec-

niero masalisa da informaciis eleqtronul sivrceSi integ-rirebis aucileblobis sakiTxi.

Tanamedrove etapze qarTuli eleqtronuli leqsikografi-uli bazis Sesaqmnelad uaRresad aqtualuria qarTul-svanur-megrul-lazuri eleqtronuli leqsikonis arseboba. teqnolo-giur miRwevaTa safuZvelze aseTi tipis leqsikonis Seqmna axa-li sityva iqneba leqsikografiaSi. mkvlevarTa Soris didi xa-nia arsebobs moTxovna (praqtikuli da samecnieroc) dRemde analogis armqone qarTul-svanur-megrul-lazur leqsikonze. am naSroms eqneba udidesi praqtikuli da samecniero Rirebuleba rogorc qarTveli, aseve ucxoeli specialistebisaTvis (lin-gvistebisaTvis, kavkasiologebisaTvis, sociologebisaTvis, eT-nolingvistebisaTvis.)

2. qarTuli enis struqturisa da istoriis kvlevisaTvis TxuTmetsaukunovan werilobiT ZeglebTan da dialeqtur masa-lasTan erTad udidesi mniSvneloba eniWeba qarTvelur enaTa _ svanuris, megrul-lazuris monacemebs: `svanuri ena, iseve rogorc megrul-Wanuri, marTalia, pergamentze araa warmodge-nili, magram es arc mas da arc megrul-Wanurs ar uSlis xels, SeinarCunos uZvelesi Tvisebebi, romlebic odesRac sa-erTo iyo qarTvelur enaTa jgufis yvela warmomadgenlisaTvis, magram sruliadac ar asaxula werilobiT ZeglebSi~ (k. don-dua).

didia arqaizmebiT gamorCeuli svanuri enisa da megrul-lazuris monacemTa roli qarTveluri enebis istoriul-Seda-rebiTi kvlevisa da arqetipTa rekonstruqciisaTvis. rogorc cnobilia, struqturulad svanuri sakmaod axlos dgas saer-To-qarTvelur fuZe enasTan. misi rTuli fonetikuri sistema, gramatikuli Taviseburebani da dialeqturi nairgvaroba gansa-kuTrebiT faseulia zogadlingvisturi TvalsazrisiT.

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3. dRemde ar gagvaCnia svanuri, megrul-Wanuri ganmartebi-Ti da qarTul-zanur-svanuri sruli SedarebiTi leqsikonebi.

mcire gamonaklisis garda am leqsikonebis Seqmna - gamoce-ma, (eleqtronuli versiiTurT) da maTi analiziT miRebuli Sedegebi kidev erTxel siRrmiseulad da safuZvlianad cxad-yofda mecnierul WeSmaritebas svanur-zanuris qarTuli fuZe enidan gamoyofis realobis Taobaze, ufro naTel warmodgenas Seqmnida qarTvelur enaTa diferenciaciis Sesaxeb.

svanur-megrul-lazur ganmartebiT leqsikoni (beWduri da eleqtronuli versiebiT) uciloblad Seiqmneba mesaZirkvled dRemde ararsebul qarTvelur enaTa SedarebiTi gramatikis akademiuri gamocemisa. (g. maWavarianis `qarTvelur enaTa Seda-rebiTi gramatika~ mxolod da mxolod saleqcio kursia).

4. leqsikonis Sedgenis (agebis) saxelmZRvanelo principe-bia:

• leqsikur erTeulebad aRebuli iqneba yvela metyvele-bis nawili: saxelebi saxelobiTi brunvis formiT, zmna-masda-ris formiT: (piriani formiT mxolod defeqturi da Tavise-buri zmnebi iqneba warmodgenili)

• leqsikonSi aisaxeba svanur-megrul-lazuris formauc-vleli metyvelebis nawilebic: zmnizeda, kavSiri, Tandebuli, Sorisdebuli, nawilaki da sxvadasxva sawarmoebeli afiqsebi.

• calke leqsikur erTeulebad iqneba warmodgenili omo-nimebi.

• leqsikonSi ar Seva: a) topoponimebi da anTroponimebi b) saTakilo sityvebi g) frazeologizmebi • leqsikoni oTxenovani iqneba: qarTul-svanur-megrul-la-

zuri. leqsikonis SemdgenelTa mier gaTvaliswinebuli iqneba qar-

Tvelur enaTa Sesaxeb dRemde arsebuli yvela leqsikoni (arn. Ciqobava: Wanur-megrul-qarTuli SedarebiTi leqsikoni; b. niJa-raZe: qarTul-svanur-rusuli leqsikoni; v. Tofuria, m. qalda-ni: svanuri leqsikoni; z. sarjvelaZe, h. fenrixi: qarTvelur enaTa etimologiuri leqsikoni; o. qajaia: megruli leqsikoni; C. gujejiani, h. palmaitisi: svanur-inglisuri leqsikoni, m. Cu-xua: qarTvelur ena-koloTa SedarebiTi leqsikoni...)

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q e T e v a n m a r g i a n iq e T e v a n m a r g i a n iq e T e v a n m a r g i a n iq e T e v a n m a r g i a n i ---- s u b a r is u b a r is u b a r is u b a r i (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) pirobiTpirobiTpirobiTpirobiT----SedegobiTi zmnuSedegobiTi zmnuSedegobiTi zmnuSedegobiTi zmnuri formebi svanurSi ri formebi svanurSi ri formebi svanurSi ri formebi svanurSi da maTi semantikuri mimarTeba da maTi semantikuri mimarTeba da maTi semantikuri mimarTeba da maTi semantikuri mimarTeba ZveliZveliZveliZveli qarTulisa da mTis dialeqtis monacemebTanqarTulisa da mTis dialeqtis monacemebTanqarTulisa da mTis dialeqtis monacemebTanqarTulisa da mTis dialeqtis monacemebTan

1. svanur zmnis gardamaval da medioaqtiur upreverbo

formaTa uRlebaSi dasturdeba perfeqtuli mwkrivebi (piro-biT-SedegobiTi I da pirobiT-SedegobiTi II), romelTa badali monacemebi Tanamedrove saliteraturo enas ar moepoveba.

saanalizo formebSi, erTi mxriv, naTqvamis mimarTeba sinam-dvilisadmi varaudis, SesaZleblobis, dauzusteblobis gamo-mxatvelia, epistemikuria. isini mxolod moqmedebis daudastu-reblobis (savaraudoobis) niuansiT upirispirdebian namyos sxva droebs: wyvetili: ananananSxebSxebSxebSxeb `Sekera (man is)~ _ pirobiTi: ðSxbunSxbunSxbunSxbunŒŒŒŒllll `{iqneb} keravda (is mas) _ SedegobiTi I: xoSxoSxoSxoSxbaxbaxbaxba `ukeravs (mas is) _ SedegobiTi II: xaSxxaSxxaSxxaSxb’b’b’b’nnnn `ekera (mas is) pipipipirorororo----biTbiTbiTbiT----SeSeSeSededededegogogogobibibibiTiTiTiTi I I I I: xeSxeSxeSxeSxbixbixbixbi `iqiqiqiqnebnebnebneb Seukeravs (mas is)~ _ pipipipirorororo----biTbiTbiTbiT----SeSeSeSededededegogogogobibibibiTiTiTiTi II II II II: xeSxbxeSxbxeSxbxeSxbŒŒŒŒllll////xeSxeSxeSxeSxbixbixbixbiæ `iqiqiqiqnebnebnebneb ekera (mas is)~; ro-gorc aRmoCnda, qarTulSi msgavs viTarebaSi modaluri sityve-bi moiSvelieba, svanurSi ki aRniSnuli semantika sinTezur formebSia Cadebuli (maTi aRweriTi variantebi Tavad svanur-Si udris: I I I I dadadada II II II II SeSeSeSededededegogogogobibibibiTisTisTisTis forforforformemememebibibibi + nawilaki mˆrŠsmˆrŠsmˆrŠsmˆrŠs (bz.), ÌÀæÛæËÉ (bq.) `albaT~);

meore mxriv, mocemul zmnebs preverbiani formebi ara aqvT; swored amitom isini diuratiulobas gamoxataven da eqsperian-ciuli mniSvnelobisani arian, rac gulisxmobs swored drois gansazRvrul momentTan kavSiris uqonlobas.

2. saanalizo formebSi ninininiuuuuanananansusususuradradradrad pirobiToba-xolmeobi-Tobis sinTezia warmodgenili da maTi semantika Zalze mogva-gonebs Zveli qarTulis III xolmeobiTs (a. SaniZe): eeee----TesTesTesTes----iiii----ssss: `moimkis, sadaca igi eTesis~, Sdr. xxxx----eeee----llllðSSSS----iiii `uTesia (mas is) iqneb xolme~ anu `danaTesi eqneba~; eeee----vnvnvnvn----iiii----ssss:::: `xolo uZlurisa misgan, romelsa ara evnis misda, piri garemiiqcis~, Sdr. xxxx----eeee----mmmmðæinininin----i i i i `uvnia iqneb xolme~ anu `navnebi aqvs mas misTvis~... ase-ve xevsurul dialeqtSi avTandil arabulis mier dadasture-

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bul III xolmeobiTis moqmed formebs (eTeTeTeTqvisqvisqvisqvis, , , , eubeubeubeubnisnisnisnis, , , , eCoeCoeCoeColalalala----gisgisgisgis, , , , ekekekekvevevevexixixixinisnisnisnis, , , , eWaeWaeWaeWamismismismis, , , , memememeZaZaZaZaxinxinxinxinninininianananan...);

3. es monacemebi xolmeobiTis STabeWdilebas toveben for-mobrivadac; specialur literaturaSi aRniSnulia, rom, mar-Talia, `xolmeobiTi, rogorc gramatikuli kategoria, dRevan-del svanurSi aRar gvaqvs, magram Zvelad unda gvqonoda. xol-meobiTis nakvTi dRemde Semogvenaxa aaaaƒƒƒƒnnnn----iiii `xnavs~, ðSxSxSxSx----i i i i `wvavs~ tipis zmnebSi~ (arn. Ciqobava); svanuri myofadusrulis -iiii su-fiqsi `eWvs gaeWvs gaeWvs gaeWvs garererereSeaSeaSeaSea, , , , igiigiigiigive move move move monanananacecececemi unmi unmi unmi unda iyosda iyosda iyosda iyos, , , , rac awrac awrac awrac awmyos myos myos myos ----iiii, , , , warmowarmowarmowarmoSoSoSoSobiT xolbiT xolbiT xolbiT xolmemememeoooobibibibiTis suTis suTis suTis sufiqfiqfiqfiqsisisisi~ (g. maWavariani);

saanalizo formebi statikur zmnaTa myofadis (xextxextxextxextðæiiii `exateba~) inversiaqmnil formebad migvaCnia, sadac aseve figu-rirebs sufiqsi ----iiii; ; ; ;

4. Tuki `Zvel qarTulSi III xolmeobiTi II TurmeobiTTan iseTsave mimarTebaSia, rogorc xolmeobiTi II namyo ZiriTad-Tan~ (a. arabuli), SeiZleba iTqvas, rom svanurSi I da II piro-biT-SedegobiTis formebi I da II SedegobiTTa upreverbo for-mebTan semantikur opozicias qmnian mxomxomxomxolodlodlodlod ininininfefefeferenrenrenrenciciciciuuuulolololo----biTbiTbiTbiT: pirobiT-SedegobiTi I: xexexexemimimimi `iqiqiqiqnebnebnebneb (/alalalalbaTbaTbaTbaT) uWamia (naWami aqvs erTxel mainc an arasodes)~ _ upreverbo SedegobiTi I: xoxoxoxomamamama `uWamia (naWami aqvs erTxel mainc an arasodes)~, preverbi-an formebTan (SedegobiTi I: loxloxloxloxmamamamamamamama `SeuWamia~) ki _ xolxolxolxolmemememe----oooobibibibiToToToTobisbisbisbis SiSiSiSinanananaararararsisisisiTacTacTacTac; xolo, Tuki xevsuruli III xolmeobiTi dRes evidencialobasa da xolmeobiTobas gamoxatavs erTdrou-lad (eTeTeTeTqvisqvisqvisqvis `uTqvams mas is TurTurTurTurmemememe xxxxololololmemememe~), svanuri pirobiT-SedegobiTi epistemikuroba-xolmeobiTobis semantikur sinTezs warmoadgens (xeqxeqxeqxeqæiiii `uTqvams mas is iqiqiqiqnebnebnebneb xolxolxolxolmemememe~).

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o m a r m e m i S i S io m a r m e m i S i S io m a r m e m i S i S io m a r m e m i S i S i (baTumi. S. rusTavelis saxelmwifo universiteti)

reduplikacia lazurSireduplikacia lazurSireduplikacia lazurSireduplikacia lazurSi

leqsikur erTeulTa reduplikacia warmoqmnis erT-erTi

saxea. sityvis gaorkeceba, ganmeoreba gamosaxvis stilistikuri saSualebacaa. mas mimarTaven mniSvnelobis gasaZliereblad, zogjer ki morfologiuri funqciac aqvs (q. lomTaTiZe).

dadgenilia, rom reduplicirebuli fuZeebiT gamoixateba mravlobiToba, krebiToba, intensioba.

lazurSi reduplicirebuli fuZeebi SedarebiT mcirea da metwilad qarTulis wess misdevs.

zedsarTav saxelTa reduplikacia mravlobiTobas gamoxa-tavs. gaorkeceba TiTqmis aucilebeli xdeba, Tu sazRvruli sa-zogadod mravlobiTobas ver awarmoebs (a. SaniZe): tutututucacacaca----tutututucacacaca (cxel-cxeli), aRa aRa aRa aRanininini----aRaaRaaRaaRanininini (axal-axali)...

zedsarTavis fuZis gaorkecebiT gamoixateba aRmatebiTi da odnaobiTi xarisxi (arn. Ciqobava): xoxoxoxomumumumulalalala----xoxoxoxomumumumulalalala (xmel-xme-li), mkumkumkumkulelelele----mkumkumkumkulelelele (mokle-mokle)...

ricxviTi da arsebiTi saxelebis ganmeoreba gamoxatavs ganawilebiTis funqcias (fr. naiseri): sumsumsumsum----sumsumsumsum (sam-sami), viTviTviTviT----viTviTviTviT (aT-aTi)...

intensiobis funqcia akisria zmnaTa reduplikacias: momomomo----xTuxTuxTuxTu----momomomoxTuxTuxTuxTu (movida-movida), RaRaRaRaRaRaRaRalulululu----RaRaRaRaRaRaRaRalulululu (ilaparaka-ilapa-raka)...

intensiobisa da mravalgzisobis gamomxatvelia masdaris reduplikacia: okiokiokiokiTxuTxuTxuTxu----okiokiokiokiTxuTxuTxuTxuTenTenTenTen (kiTxva-kiTxviT), oWaoWaoWaoWarurururu----oWaoWaoWaoWa----rurururuTenTenTenTen (wera-weriT)...

araiSviaTad arsebiT saxelTa gaorkecebis Sedegad sityva zmnisarTis funqcias iZens: ofuofuofuofutetetete----ofuofuofuofutetetete (uban-uban), mzomzomzomzoRaRaRaRa----mzomzomzomzoRaRaRaRa (zRva-zRva)...

reduplicirebul fuZeTa bgeriTi Sedgeniloba mravalfe-rovania:

segmentTa Tavkiduri da bolokiduri Tanxmovnebi identu-ria: WoxWoxWoxWox----WoWoWoWoxixixixi (erTgvari Citi), RorRorRorRor----RoRoRoRoriririri (Zalian moxuci), kapkapkapkap----kakakakapipipipi (avi suli)...

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segmentTa Tavkiduri Tanxmovnebi araidenturia: kokokokoCiCiCiCi----momomomoCiCiCiCi (kaci-maci), bibibibigagagaga----mimimimigagagaga (joxi-moxi)...

reduplicirebul fuZeebSi xdeba xmovanTa Senacvleba, kom-pleqsis gamartiveba, disimilacia, bolokiduri Tanxmovnis da-kargva...

m a n a nm a n a nm a n a nm a n a n aaaa m i q a Z e m i q a Z e m i q a Z e m i q a Z e (quTaisi. a. wereTlis saxelmwifo universiteti) imerizmebis adgilisaTvis Teimurazimerizmebis adgilisaTvis Teimurazimerizmebis adgilisaTvis Teimurazimerizmebis adgilisaTvis Teimuraz lanCavas SemoqmedebaSilanCavas SemoqmedebaSilanCavas SemoqmedebaSilanCavas SemoqmedebaSi

1. Teimuraz lanCavas enis TaviseburebaTa Seswavlisas ga-

saTvaliswinebelia mwerlis Tanamedrove saliteraturo enis niSan–Tviseba da misi adgili saliteraturo enis ganviTareba-Si. dialeqturi formebis (ZiriTdad imerizmebi, nawilobriv gurulisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli erTeulebi) xSiri gamoyeneba mweralma SeZlo mxatvruli teqstis meSveobiT. mis mier li-teraturul enaSi Semotanili sityvebi imeruli dialeqtis sa-rezervo fondSia daunjebuli. Teimuraz lanCavas mxatvrul TxzulebebSi warmoCenil sityva–TqmaTa safuZveli swored di-aleqturi leqsikaa, zogjer – qarTveluri enobrivi nimuSebic.

2. mwerlis enaze muSaobis dros leqsikur erTeulTa da-jgufeba movaxdineT Semdegi principiT;

a) gamovyaviT dialeqtizmebad miCneuli arqauli formebi (magaliTad gvimi, bujeri, tylapSia, manWvali da a.S.).

b) imerul dialeqtSi daunjebuli is sityvebi, romlebic imave an gansxvavevbuli mniSvnelobiT sxva dialeqtebSic gvxvde-ba da sakuTriv imerizmebi, romlebic mwerlis Semoqmedebisa-Tvis gansakuTrebiT damaxasiaTebelia (iRliteba, iqaqeba, iqin-dreba, ixuntrucebs, iZRinkeba, ijRvarkeba, labziani, leWo, kox-ro, kulumburi, kruxna...).

g) sityvebi, romlebic ar dasturdeba dRes arsebul leq-sikonebSi

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(yeJra, qvijaSkina, deiZRvinkeba, goToSia, geikvirikebs...). 3. moxsenebaSi motanilia vrceli sailustracio masala,

romelic gaanalizebulia da naCvenebia saliteraturo enis ga-mdidreba-srulyofaSi mwerlis rolis Sesaxeb

c i a l a n a r a k i Z ec i a l a n a r a k i Z ec i a l a n a r a k i Z ec i a l a n a r a k i Z e (baTumi. n. berZeniSvilis instituti)

lazuri saleqsikono masalalazuri saleqsikono masalalazuri saleqsikono masalalazuri saleqsikono masala

1. xelvaCauris raionis soflebis (sarfi, kvariaTi) mcxov-

rebTa metyvelebaze Cven mier uSualo dakvirvebis Sede-

gad mopovebulia saleqsikono masala, romelic fiqsi-

rebuli ar aris samecniero literaturaSi.

ramdenime nimuSi: osurWkori (gaTxovili qaliSvili),

Ronikoni (mamiseuli ojaxi gaTxovili qalisaTvis), xer-

geli (arafris SemZle), xorate (Zunwi), omWiu (gasuf-

Taveba), geTanapiji (ganTiadi), Wafala (Tevzis saxeoba),

cxili (axladgamoCekili abreSumis Wia), ququda (abre-

Sumis parki), mwkui (jara) da a.S.

2. lazuri dialeqturi leqsikis simdidre Tavs iCens, ag-

reTve saintereso frazeologiuri erTeulebis xmareba-

Si. magaliTad: `gui qomuxTu~ _ gulze moxvda (qomeS-

vabRu _ gabrazda); `caq Toli qagonwku~ _ cam Tvali

gaaxila (gamoidara _ qagonTanu); `xe gunTxu~ _ xeli

gauwoda (nuSolu-daexmara)...

3. mdidari da mravalferovania lazuri andazebis leqsi-

kac. andazebma Semogvinaxes iseTi terminebi, romlebic

TiTqmis daviwyebas miscemia da ixmareba mxolod lazTa

gabmul metyvelebaSi: gola _ mTa, dobadona _ samSob-

lo, RormoTi _ RmerTi, manebra _ megobari, mWoxa _

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mkvaxe, ora _ dro, mumqui _ umaduri... `gola maRala

ren, TuTa maRala ren, RormoTi maRala ren, mara do-

badona iri xolo ren~ _ mTa maRalia, mTvarec maRa-

lia, RmerTic maRalia, magram samSoblo yvelaferia;

`aRne manebra Zira, mjveSi va guiWkvendina~ _ axali me-

gobari naxo, Zveli ar daiviwyo; `mTini nena mWoxa ren~

_ marTali sityva mkvaxea; `ora muSis va mewilaSi Suka-

Ti ibaden~ _ Tavis droze kitrs Tu ar mowyvet, isic

berdeba; `mumqui koCikala manebroba va iyven~ _ uma-

dur kacTan megobroba ar SeiZleba.

n i k o l o z o T i n a S v i l in i k o l o z o T i n a S v i l in i k o l o z o T i n a S v i l in i k o l o z o T i n a S v i l i (gori. saswavlo universiteti)

sofel TiRvis onomastikonisofel TiRvis onomastikonisofel TiRvis onomastikonisofel TiRvis onomastikoni zemo qarTlis kulturul-mwignobruli kerebi Zveli dro-

idan iyo cnobili. isini ZiriTadad ganTavsebulia mTiswineT-Si. am TvalsazrisiT sayuradReboa TiRvis samonastro kom-pleqsi, romlis dRemde moRweuli onomastikuri masalebi da maTi gamomzeureba saSuri saqmea.

sofeli mdebareobs fcis frones xeobaSi, mdinaris marjve-na mxares, SemaRlebul adgilze. sofelSi dgas Sua saukuneeb-Si agebuli taZari da kompleqsi, romelic augia daviT aRmaSe-neblis asuls Tamars. CrdiloeTis mxares, sarkmlis Tavze, mo-Tavsebulia fiqalqva asomTavruliT Sesrulebuli warweriT, or svetad, romelSic moxsenebulia monastris amSenebeli Ta-mar daviTis asuli. rogorc aRniSnuli warwera, ise istoriu-li wyaroebi saSualebas gvaZlevs Tvalni gavadevnoT mxarisa da soflis onomastikas, mis cvalebadobas, dRevandel viTare-bas, dialeqtur movlenebs.

vaxuSti batoniSvili Tavis `aRweraSi~ asaxelebs sofel TiRvas, mis amSenebels, punqti aRniSnuli aqvs Sromas darTu-

40

li soflebis siaSi, aseve datanili aqvs Tavis Sedegnil ruka-ze. amave meTvramete saukuneSi ioane bagrationi `qarTl-kaxe-Tis aRweraSi~ fcis wyalze TiRvas aRniSnavs, rogoroc `mosax-les~.

TiRvis onomastikuri masalebi wlebis winaT gvaqvs aRweri-li. dRevandeli viTarebiT iq Sesvla da gadamowmeba garTule-bulia, radgan TiRva da sxva soflebi separatistebis mier kontrolirebad teritoriazea moqceuli. amitom iqidan wamo-sul mosaxleobas ZiriTadad gorisa da qarelis raionebis soflebSi vxvdebodiT dazustebis mizniT.

1715 wlis `ruisis saepiskoposos davTris~ mixedviT TiRva didi sofeli yofila. imdroindeli anTroponimebidan dRes aRar gvxvdeba: burnaZe, wereTeli, gamcemliSvili, kopaZe, mamu-kiSvili, onofraSvili, beJitaSvili. goderZaSvili, amilbaraS-vili, sexniaSvili, TandilaSvili. ivaneSvili, mumlaZe, xixaZe, CareqaSvili da sxvebi.

dRes saxloben: jaxvelaZeebi, mosulebi arian zemo iTxvisi-dan, gamrekelaSvilebi – zestafonidan, wiwvianiZe, dRes gvxvde-ba ninikuris gvariT, gvari mesxi mosulia amave xeobis sofel axalSenidan, maisuraZe raWis sofel wedisidan, samxaraZe – SroSadan, vaxtangaSvili – axalcixidan. aseve saxloben: gaba-TaSvili, lanCavaSvili. koniaSvili, ositaSvili, laWvriSvili, lacabiZe.

gadaSenebuli gvarebidan sofelSi darCa toponimebi: bur-naZiaanT xevi (burnaZe), basaniZeebis saydari (basaniZe), aRsaba-Zis miwa (aRvsebaZe), ewodeba Careqaulic, begiaanT mamulebi (begiaSvili), wereTliaanT mamulebi, igive wereTeliseuli – TiRvis CrdiloeT ubanSi, ewodeba alibric. amilbaraSviliseu-li ewodeba saZovars TiRvis aRmosavleTiT.

toponimur saxelTa meore komponentad gvxvdeba: ubani, wyaro, axo. magaliTad: ositaanT ubani, qelexsaanT ubani, nini-kuriaanT ubani, nadiraanT ubani, jabiaanT ubani. lazikaanT wyaro, beRlebis wyaro, lanCavaanT wyaro, saydris wyaro, saTa-ves iRebs TiRvis taZris saZirkvelSi, dalaqiaanT axo, lacabi-ZiaanT axo, yuTiaanT axo...

41

moxsenebaSi warmovadgenT onomastikuri erTeulebis enob-riv da istoriul cvalebadobas, imerul da qarTlur leqsi-kur erTeulebs.

Ì Ä Ã Ä À Ó À Ù Ë É À Í ÉÌ Ä Ã Ä À Ó À Ù Ë É À Í ÉÌ Ä Ã Ä À Ó À Ù Ë É À Í ÉÌ Ä Ã Ä À Ó À Ù Ë É À Í É (ÈÁÉËÉÓÉ. ÀÒÍ. ÜÉØÏÁÀÅÀÓ ÓÀá. ÄÍÀÈÌÄÝÍÉÄÒÄÁÉÓ ÉÍÓÔÉÔÖÔÉ) ÄÒÈÉ ÖÞÅÄËÄÓÉ ÓÅÀÍÖÒÉ ÓÀÊÖËÔÏ ÔÄÒÌÉÍÉÓ (æÉÈÉÍ/ÖÈÉÍ/ÉÈÉÍ/ÎéÈÉÍ/éÈÉÍ/ËéÈÉÍ) ÛÄÓÀáÄÁ

1. ÓÅÀÍÄÈÛÉ, ÒÏÂÏÒÝ ÄÈÍÏÂÒÀ×ÉÖËÉ ËÉÔÄÒÀÔÖÒÉÃÀÍÀÀ ÝÍÏÁÉËÉ, ÜÅÄÍÀÌÃÄ ÌÏÙßÄÖËÉ ßÀÒÌÀÒÈÖËÉ áÀÓÉÀÈÉÓ ÓÀÌËÏÝÅÄËÏÓ ÌÉßÉÓÆÄÃÀ ÍÀÂÄÁÏÁÉÓ ÄÒÈ-ÄÒÈ ÞÉÒÉÈÀà ÔÉÐÓ æÉÈÉÍÉ|ÉÈÉÍÉ ßÀÒÌÏÀÃÂÄÍÓ, ÒÏÌÄËÓÀÝ ÀÂÄÁÃÍÄÍ ÒÏÂÏÒÝ ÓÀÊÖËÔÏ ÀÃÂÉËÆÄ, ÀÓÄÅÄ ÌÈÉÓ ÖÙÄËÔÄáÉËÄÁÓÀ ÃÀ ÂÀÃÀÓÀÓÅËÄËÄÁÆÄ, ÓÀÍÀÃÉÒÏÄÁÛÉ, ÓÀáËÄÁÛÉ ÃÀ À. Û. (Ì. ÌÀÊÀËÀÈÉÀ).

2. ØÒÉÓÔÉÀÍÖË ÄÊËÄÓÉÀÈÀ ÃÉÃÉ ÍÀßÉËÉ, ÝÍÏÁÉË ÌÊÅËÄÅÀÒÈÀ ÈÅÀËÓÀÆÒÉÓÉÈ (ÉÅ. ãÀÅÀáÉÛÅÉËÉ, Í. ÁÄÒÞÄÍÉÛÅÉËÉ, Â. ÜÖÁÉÍÀÛÅÉËÉ...), ÀÂÄÁÖËÉÀ ßÀÒÌÀÒÈÖË ÓÀÌËÏÝÅÄËÏÈÀ ÀÃÂÉËÆÄ, ÒÀÆÄÝ ÌÄÔÚÅÄËÄÁÓ ÓÅÀÍÄÈÉÓ ÆÏÂÉÄÒÈ ÈÄÌÛÉ (ÖÛÂÖËÛÉ, ÌÖËÀáÛÉ, ßÅÉÒÌÉÛÉ, ÄËÉÛÉ, ÀÃÉÛÛÉ...) ØÒÉÓÔÉÀÍÖË ÓÀÌËÏÝÅÄËÏÈÀ ÂÅÄÒÃÆÄ ÛÄÌÏÒÜÄÍÉËÉ ÆÄÌÏÃÀÓÀáÄËÄÁÖËÉ ÖÞÅÄËÄÓÉ ßÀÒÌÀÒÈÖËÉ ÓÀÌËÏÝÅÄËÏ æÉÈÉÍÉ|ÉÈÉÍÉ, ÒÏÌÄËÉÝ ÓÅÀÍÖÒÉ ÄÍÉÓ ÃÉÀËÄØÔÄÁÛÉ ÓáÅÀÃÀÓáÅÀ ×ÏÍÄÔÉÊÖÒÉ ÅÀÒÉÀÍÔÄÁÉÈ ÃÀÓÔÖÒÃÄÁÀ:

ÁÆ. æÉÈÉÍ/ÉÈÉÍ/ÎéÈÉÍ, ÁØ. éÈÉÍ/ËéÈÉÍ, ËÛá. ÖÈÉÍ, æÉÈÉÍ, éÈÉÍ2, ËÍÔ. æÉÈÉÍ, ÜÏË. ÖÈÉÍ, ÉÈÉÍ `ÍÉÛÉ ÓÀËÏÝÀÅ ÀÃÂÉËÆÄ, ÁÏÒ-ÞÉÊÉÈ ÀÛÄÍÄÁÖËÉ ÓÄÍÉÀÍÉ ÛÄÍÏ, ÒÏÌÄËÛÉÝ ÀÓÅÄÍÄÁÃÍÄÍ ãÅÀÒÓ ÀÍ áÀÔÄÁÓ".

ÌÏáÓÄÍÄÁÉÓ ÞÉÒÉÈÀÃÉ ÌÉÆÀÍÉÀ ÀÙÍÉÛÍÖËÉ ÓÀÊÖËÔÏ ÔÄÒÌÉÍÉÓ ÒÏÂÏÒÝ ÓÔÒÖØÔÖÒÖË-ÓÄÌÀÍÔÉÊÖÒÉ ÀÍÀËÉÆÉ, ÀÓÄÅÄ ÌÉÓÉ ÂÄÍÄÆÉÓÉÓ ÂÀÒÊÅÄÅÀ.

2 Å. ÈÏ×ÖÒÉÀÓÀ ÃÀ Ì. ØÀËÃÀÍÉÓ `ÓÅÀÍÖÒ ËÄØÓÉÊÏÍÛÉ" ÀÙÍÉÛÍÖËÉ

ÔÄÒÌÉÍÉ, ÒÏÌÄËÉÝ ÓÅÀÍÖÒÉ ÄÍÉÓ ÚÅÄËÀ ÃÉÀËÄØÔÛÉÀ ÂÀÅÒÝÄËÄÁÖËÉ,

ÌáÏËÏà ËÀÛáÖÒÉÓÈÅÉÓÀÀ ÌÉÈÉÈÄÁÖËÉ (ÒÏÂÏÒÝ ÜÀÍÓ, ÀÍ ÛÄÌÈáÅÄÅÉÈÀÀ

ÂÀÌÏÒÜÄÍÉËÉ, ÀÍ ÀÅÔÏÒÄÁÓ ÓÀÈÀÍÀÃÏ ÌÀÓÀËÀÆÄ áÄËÉ ÀÒ ÌÉÖßÅÃÄÁÏÃÀÈ).

42

3. ÒÏÂÏÒÝ ÝÍÏÁÉËÉÀ, ÉÏÓÄÁ ÚÉ×ÛÉÞÄÌ ãÄÒ ÊÉÃÄÅ ÂÀÓÖËÉ ÓÀÖÊÖÍÉÓ ÃÀÓÀßÚÉÓÛÉ ÄÒÈÌÀÍÄÈÈÀÍ ÛÄÀÐÉÒÉÓÐÉÒÀ ØÀÒÈÖËÉ ÈÄÍ-ÄÁ-À; ÂÀÍ-ÈÄÍ-À (`ÂÀÈÄÍÃÀ") ÃÀ ÌÄÂÒÖËÉ ÈÀÍ-À×-À (`ÈÄÍÄÁÀ; ÂÀÍÈÉÀÃÉ; ÀÙÃÂÏÌÀ); ÂÏ-ÈÀÍ-Ã-Ö (`ÂÀÈÄÍÃÀ"); ÂÏ-ÈÀÍ-ÄË-É (`ÂÀÈÄÍÄÁÖËÉ") ×ÏÒÌÄÁÉ, áÏËÏ ÀÒÍÏËà ÜÉØÏÁÀÅÀÌ ÂÀÌÏÀÅËÉÍÀ ËÀÆÖÒÉ ÄØÅÉÅÀËÄÍÔÉ ÈÀÍ-À×-À (`ÍÀÈÄÁÀ; ÈÄÍÄÁÀ"); ÈÀÍ-Ö-Í (`ÀÍÀÈÄÁÓ"); ØÏ-ÃÏ-ËÏ-ÈÀÍ-Ö (`ÂÀÀÍÀÈÀ"); Ì-ÈÀÍ-ÖÒ-À (`ÝÉÝÉÍÀÈÄËÀ"); ÃÏ-ËÏ-ÈÀÍ-ÄÒ-É (`ÂÀÍÀÈÄÁÖËÉ"); ÃÏ-ÈÀÍ-ÖÒ-É (`ÂÀÍÈÉÀÃÉ"). ÛÄÌÃÂÏÌÛÉ ØÀÒÈÖË-ÆÀÍÖÒ ÛÄÐÉÒÉÓÐÉÒÄÁÖË ÌÀÓÀËÀÓ, ÌÉÖáÄÃÀÅÀà ØÀÒÈÖËÉ ÃÀ ÓÅÀÍÖÒÉ ×ÖÞÄÄÁÉÓ ÓÄÌÀÍÔÉÊÖÒÉ ÓáÅÀÏÁÉÓÀ, ÂÉÏÒÂÉ ÊËÉÌÏÅÉÓ ÌÉÄÒ ÃÀÄÌÀÔÀ ÓÅÀÍÖÒÉ ÄÍÉÓ ÌÏÍÀÝÄÌÄÁÉÝ: ËÉ-ÈÍ-Ä (`ÃÀÁÀÃÄÁÀ; ÂÀÜÄÍÀ"); À-á-ÈÄÍ-ÀÍ (`ÂÀÖÜÍÃÀ"); Ëé-ÈÍ-Ä (`ÂÀÜÄÍÉËÉ"; ÛÄØÌÍÉËÉ"); ËÉ-ÈÄÍ/ËÉ-ÈÍ-Ä (`ÂÀÌÏÜÄÍÀ"); Ï-á-ÈÄÍ-É (`ÂÀÌÏÅÜÍÃÄÁÉ"); ØÀ É-ÈÍ-Ä (`ÂÀÌÏÉÜÄÍÓ"); ËÄ-ÈÍ-Ä (`ÂÀÌÏÓÀÜÄÍÉ"...). ÌÀÍÅÄ *ÈÄÍ- ÃÀ *ÈÄÍ-/ÈÍ- ÀÒØÄÔÉÐÄÁÉ ÀÙÀÃÂÉÍÀ ÓÀÄÒÈÏØÀÒÈÅÄËÖÒÉ ×ÖÞÄ-ÄÍÉÓ ÃÏÍÉÓÈÅÉÓ, áÏËÏ ØÀÒ-ÈÖË-ÆÀÍÖÒÉ ÄÒÈÉÀÍÏÁÉÓ áÀÍÉÓÀÈÅÉÓ *ÈÄÍ- ÀÒØÄÔÉÐÉ ÃÀ *ÈÄÍ-ÄÁ-À.

ÉÏÓÄÁ ÚÉ×ÛÉÞÉÓ, ÀÒÍÏËà ÜÉØÏÁÀÅÀÓÀ ÃÀ ÂÉÏÒÂÉ ÊËÉÌÏÅÉÓÄÖËÉ ÃÀÊÀÅÛÉÒÄÁÀ ÓÀÄÍÀÈÌÄÝÍÉÄÒÏ ËÉÔÄÒÀÔÖÒÀÛÉ ÃÙÄÌÃÄ ÃÀÌÀãÄÒÄÁËÀÃÀÀ ÌÉÜÍÄÖËÉ.

ÀÌ ÒÀÌÃÄÍÉÌÄ ßËÉÓ ßÉÍ ÓÀÌÄÝÍÉÄÒÏ ÌÉÌÏØÝÄÅÀÛÉ ßÀÒÌÏÃÂÄÍÉË ÉØÍÀ ÂÀÍÓáÅÀÅÄÁÖËÉ ÃÀÊÀÅÛÉÒÄÁÀ: ÓÅÀÍÖÒÉ Ëë-È (ÁÆ., ËÛá.), ËÄ-È (ÁØ., ËÍÔ.) `ÙÀÌÄ", Ëë-È-É (ÁÆ., ËÛá.), ËÄ-È-É (ÁØ., ËÍÔ.) `ßÖáÄË" : ØÀÒÈÖËÉ È-ÄÅ-, È-ÄÍ-, Ì-È-ÄÍ-É, ÓÀ-È-ÄÅ-É : ÆÀÍÖÒÉ È-ÀÍ- `ÈÄÍÄÁÀ", Ï-È-ÀÍ-ÖÍ-ÀÍ-Ó `ÙÀÌÄÓ ÀÈÄÅÓ", Â-É-×-È-ÀÍ-Ä `ÙÀÌÄ ÅÀÈÉÄ", È-ÀÍ-À×-À `ÀÙÃÂÏÌÀ" (Ì. ÜÖáÖÀ), ÒÏÌÄËÉÝ, ÀÅÔÏÒÉÓ ÈÅÀËÓÀÆÒÉÓÉÈ, ÀÒ ÂÀÌÏÒÉÝáÀÅÓ ØÀÒÈ. È-ÄÅ-/È-ÄÍ- : ÆÀÍ. È-ÀÍ- : ÓÅÀÍ. È-Àæ- `ÂÀÜÄÍÀ" ×ÖÞÄÈÀ ÄÒÈÉÀÍÏÁÀÓ (Æ. ÓÀÒãÅÄËÀÞÄ). ÉÂÉ ÌáÏËÏà ÌÉÓ ÛÄÓÀÞËÏ ÄÔÉÌÏËÏÂÉÖÒ ÊÀÅÛÉÒÆÄ ÌÉÖÈÉÈÄÁÓ ÓÅÀÍÖÒ Ëë-È/Ëë-È-É `ÙÀÌÄ, ßÖáÄË" ËÄØÓÄÌÄÁÈÀÍ _ ÓÅÀÍ. È- `ÈÄÅÀ" → Ëë-È(É) `ÓÀÈÄÅÉ" → `ÙÀÌÄ" (Ì. ÜÖáÖÀ).

4. ÜÅÄÍÉ ÃÀÊÅÉÒÅÄÁÉÈ, ÒÄÊÏÍÓÔÒÖÉÒÄÁÖË *ÈÄÍ- *ÈÄÍ-/ÈÍ- ÞÉÒÈÀÍ ÖÍÃÀ ÉÚÏÓ ÃÀÊÀÅÛÉÒÄÁÖËÉ ÓÅÀÍÖÒÛÉ ÓÀÚÏÅÄËÈÀÏà ÂÀÅÒÝÄ-ËÄÁÖËÉ ÖÞÅÄËÄÓÉ ÓÀÊÖËÔÏ ÍÀÂÄÁÏÁÉÓ, ÓÀËÏÝÀÅÉ ÍÉÛÉÓ, ÓÀáÄËßÏÃ-ÄÁÉÈ ÝÍÏÁÉËÉ ÔÄÒÌÉÍÉ æÉÈÉÍ/ÖÈÉÍ/ÉÈÉÍ/éÈÉÍ/ÎéÈÉÍ/ËéÈÉÍ, ÒÏÌÄËÛÉÝ -ÈÉÍ ÞÉÒÉ ÂÀÌÏÉÚÏ×À ÃÀ ÓÄÌÀÍÔÉÊÖÒÀà ÉÂÉÅÄÀ, ÒÀÝ ÌÉÜÄÍÉËÉ, ÌÉÈÉÈÄÁÖËÉ ÀÃÂÉËÉ.

5. ÓÅÀÍÖÒÛÉ ÂÀÅÒÝÄËÄÁÖË ÓáÅÀÃÀÓáÅÀ ÃÉÀËÄØÔÖÒ ÍÀÉÒÓÀáÄÏ-

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ÁÄÁÉÃÀÍ ÀÌÏÓÀÅÀË ×ÏÒÌÀà ÌÉÂÅÀÜÍÉÀ ÁÀËÓØÅÄÌÏÖÒÉ ÍÀÌÚÏ ÌÉÌÙÄÏÁÉÓ ×ÏÒÌÀ Ëé-ÈÉÍ `ÌÉÜÄÍÉËÉ, ÌÉÈÉÈÄÁÖËÉ", ÒÏÌËÉÓÂÀÍÀÝ ÜÀÍÓ ÍÀßÀÒÌÏÄÁÉ ÃÀÍÀÒÜÄÍÉ ×ÏÍÄÔÉÊÖÒÉ ÅÀÒÉÀÍÔÄÁÉ ÛÄÌÃÄÂÉ ÓÀ×ÄáÖÒÄÁÉÓ ÂÀÅËÉÈ:

ÁÆ. Îé-ÈÉÍ > ÁØ., ËÛá. é-ÈÉÍ Ëé-ÈÉÍ * ËÖ-ÈÉÍ > ËÛá., ÜÏË. Ö-ÈÉÍ > ÁÆ., ËÛá., ËÍÔ.

æÉ-ÈÉÍ > ÁÆ., ÜÏË. É-ÈÉÍ. 6. Å×ÉØÒÏÁÈ, ÓÏ×ÄË ÝáÖÌÀÒÛÉ ÃÀ×ÉØÓÉÒÄÁÖËÉ ÄÒÈ-ÄÒÈÉ

ÝÍÏÁÉËÉ ÌÈÉÓ ÓÀáÄËßÏÃÄÁÀ ËéÈËÄÒ-Ó ÓßÏÒÄà ÓÀÄÒÈÏ-ØÀÒÈÅÄËÖÒÉ ÒÄÊÏÍÓÔÒÖÉÒÄÁÖËÉ *ÈÄÍ- *ÈÄÍ-/ÈÍ- ÞÉÒÉ ÖÍÃÀ ÃÀÓÃÄÁÏÃÀ ÓÀ×ÖÞÅËÀÃ, ÒÀÆÄÝ ÌÄÔÚÅÄËÄÁÓ ÉÓ ×ÀØÔÉ, ÒÏÌ ÀÙÍÉÛÍÖË ÌÈÀÛÉ ÒÀÌÃÄÍÉÌÄ ÀÓÄÈÉ ÍÉÛÉÀ ÁÖÍÄÁÒÉÅÀà ÀÙÌÀÒÈÖËÉ ÃÀ ÉØÅÄ ÂÅáÅÃÄÁÀ ÍÀÄÊËÄÓÉÀÒÉÝ _ ãÂéÒð ËéÈËÄÒ `ËÖÈËÄÒÉÓ ßÌÉÍÃÀ ÂÉÏÒÂÉ", ÒÏÌÄËÉÝ Ö×ÒÏ ÀÌÚÀÒÄÁÓ ÜÅÄÍÓ ÅÀÒÀÖÃÓ.

n an an an a r g ir g ir g ir g i z a s uz a s uz a s uz a s u rrrr m am am am a v av av av a

(Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) CveCveCveCvenenenenebubububurerererebis mebis mebis mebis metyvetyvetyvetyveleleleleba roba roba roba rogorcgorcgorcgorc sosososocicicicioooolinlinlinlingvisgvisgvisgvistutututuriririri kvlekvlekvlekvlevis obivis obivis obivis obieqeqeqeqtitititi

1. Cveneburebis metyveleba warmoadgens sociolingvistiki-saTvis gansakuTrebuli interesis obieqts, rogorc magaliTi dialeqturi qvesistemisa, romlis ganviTareba warimarTa naciona-luri enisagan _ saliteraturo enisa da diasistemebisagan _ izolirebulad, ucxoenobriv garemocvaSi.

sociolingvisturi Seswavla gulisxmobs TurqeTel qarTvelTa metyvelebis ganxilvas bilingvizmis kuTxiT: qarTu-li (`gurjuli~) da Turquli qvekodebis (subkodebis) sakomu-nikacio funqciebis gamijvnas; sametyvelo situaciaSi am subko-debis monacvleobis faqtorebisa da kanonzomierebis Ziebas; orenovnebiT gamowveuli interferenciuli procesebis gamo-

44

vlenas sxvadasxva enobriv doneebze orive mimarTulebiT _ bi-lingvTa rogorc qarTul, ise Turqul metyvelebaSi da a. S.; miRebuli Sedegebis tipologiur ganzogadebas.

paradoqsia, magram CveneburTa metyvelebis arsebobas sa-frTxe Seeqmna Tanamedrove pirobebSi, roca saxelmwifoTaSo-risi izolaciis zRude gairRva da istoriul samSoblosTan kontaqtebi, maT Soris enobrivi, aRdga da gaaqtiurda. es sa-frTxe gamoiwvia sakuTriv TurqeTis respublikaSi enobrivi si-tuaciis Secvlam, rac daukavSirda iq mimdinare socilur-po-litikur Zvrebs, upirvelesad esaa urbanistuli da integraci-uli procesebis gaZliereba, axali Taobis swrafva ganaTlebis miRebisaken... yovelive es sabolood aisaxeba asimilaciis pro-cesis daCqarebaSi.

2. `TurqeTis saqarTveloSi~ enis SenarCunebis erT-erT umTavres faqtors dRemde warmoadgens mSobliur garemosTan, sofelTan, kompaqtur dasaxlebasTan uwyveti kavSiri, sadac gurjuli isev asrulebs lokalur doneze sakomunikacio fun-qcias. qarTuli ena Seudareblad kargad aris Semonaxuli oja-xebSi, romlebic soflis mudmivi macxovreblebi arian.

SavSur-imerxeuli subkodis konkretul magaliTze, qarTu-li dialeqturi metyvelebis flobisa da funqcionirebis zo-gadi suraTi, asakobrivi pricipidan gamosvliT (TaobaTa mixed-viT), aseTia:

gurjuli kilo dominantia ufros TaobaSi, romlisTvisac igi pirveli anu mSobliuri enaa. ufros TaobaSi dResac SeiZ-leba Segvxvdes monolingvizmis erTeuli SemTxvevebi anu mxo-lod eTnikur subkodze molaparake pirebi.

aqcentuacia warmoadgens erTgvar indikators imis dasad-genad, orenovani TurqeTeli qarTvelis metyvelebaSi domini-rebs eTnikuri dialeqti Tu Turquli ena.

qarTul dialeqtur subkods flobs saSualo Taoba, Tum-ca masTan dominantis rolSi, Cveulebriv, Turquli ena gamo-dis. saSualo Taobis metyvelebaSi gamijnulia gurjuli da Turquli subkodebis funqciebi. gurjuli subkodis gamoyenebi-sas adresatis rolSi gvevlinebian ojaxis wevrebi da Tanasof-lelebi (ufrosi da saSualo Taobidan), xolo saubris Tema-tika, Cveulebriv, exeba yofiTi cxovrebis realiebs.

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rac Seexeba axal Taobas _ bavSvebs, mozardebsa da axal-gazrdebs (daaxloebiT, 20 wlisa), isini, ZiriTadad, gvevline-bian pasiur bilingvebad _ qarTuli subkodi esmiT, magram mas-ze ver laparakoben. es gamowveulia umTavresad imiT, rom gur-julma dakarga deda-Svils Soris sakomunikacio kodis funqcia. wina Taobisagan gansxvavebiT, mSoblebi SvilebTan TavianT eT-nikur qvekodze bavSvobidanve aRar urTierToben, rac signalia enis gadacemis uwyvetobis rRvevisa.

3. dRevandeli viTareba safuZvels iZleva Cveneburebis me-tyvelebis cvlis tendenciebis amgvarad prognozirebisa: 1) qarTuli dialeqturi subkodis aqtiur matarebelTa ricxob-rivi Semcireba; 2) dialeqturi metyvelebis cvla ori mimar-TulebiT: a) interferenciuli gavlenis gaZliereba Turquli enis mxridan sxvadasxva enobriv doneebze, b) cvlilebebi qar-Tuli enis qvesistemebis gavleniT, saqarTvelos mosaxleobas-Tan kontaqtebis gaaqtiurebis kvaldakval. am procesSi Tavis rols asrulebs qarTuli telearxebis xelmisawvdomoba.

amrigad, axlo momavalSi samxrul kilo-TqmebSi mniSvnelova-ni cvlilebebia savaraudo (es procesi ukve dawyebulia), ris gamoc saSuria am unikaluri metyvelebis (qarTvelologiisaTvis namdvili saganZuris) saswrafod dokumentireba, multimediuri korpusis _ video da audiofailebis kompetenturi bazis Seqmna.

T eT eT eT e do uTdo uTdo uTdo uT urururur g ag ag ag a iiii Z eZ eZ eZ e (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) gangangangansxvasxvasxvasxvavevevevebul mobul mobul mobul modeldeldeldelTa uniTa uniTa uniTa unififififikakakakacia sacia sacia sacia samwermwermwermwerlolololobobobobo qarqarqarqarTulTulTulTulsa da disa da disa da disa da diaaaaleqleqleqleqtebtebtebtebSiSiSiSi

Zvel qarTulSi aqtantTa m r a v lo b i T i r i c x v i gan-sxvavbulad iwarmoeboda i-/e- prefiqsian pasivTa da, meore mxriT, sxva tipis pasivTa (-enenenen ∼ -dddd sufiqsiani da uniSno vnebi-Tebi) II seriis formebSi, kerZod: i-/e- prefiqsian pasivebs aGeniSnebodaT mr. ricxvis yarbi (ormagi) warmoeba (gavizard-

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enenenen-i-TTTT, gavezard-enenenen-i-TTTT), rac miuGebeli iKo sxva tipis pasiveb-Si. es gansxvaveba samwerlobo (resp. saliteraturo) qarTulSi unificirebuli, dialeqtebSi ki dGemde daculia bevrgan.

rac Seexeba meore tipis pasivebs, aq Zveli qarTuli modeli kargad aris daculi Tanamedrove qarTulSi, garda TuSuri dialeqtisa, razec Cven ukve mivuTiTeT (gavSr-enenenen-TTTT, gaSr-nnnn-eseseses; davberd-enenenen-TTTT, daberd-nnnn-eseseses).

Cans, e s t e n d e n c i a m Tl a d u c x o a r a r i s s a m w e r -lo b o q a r T ul i s T v i s a c, magaliTad: `d a C C u n e s ƒorcni misni, viTarca Krmisa~ (baqaris biblia, iob. 33,: 25); Sdr. `moaCu-nes sxeulni misni viTarca Krmisa CC‚lisani~ (0, iob. 33, 25). d a C -C u n e s : m o aaaaC u n e s (pasivi: aqtivi) dapirispireba xdeba uniS-no vnebiTTa da maTgan nawarmoeb aqtivTa tradiciuli wesiT (Sdr. Srebis: aSrobs, qrebis: aqrobs; gaSra: gaaaaaSro, Caqra: Caaaaaqro...).

savaraudebelia, rom am zmnas mimGeobac uniSno vnebiTTa wesiT ukeTdeboda: d a m C u a r i , sawKisad ki iiii. abu abu abu abulalalalaZesZesZesZes leq-sikonSi gautania m o C C u ( e b ) a , romelic nawarmoebia aqtivis formidan. pasivTa formebidan sawKisi arc iwarmoeba.

n an an an a T eT eT eT e l al al al a f a rf a rf a rf a r t et et et e n an an an a Z eZ eZ eZ e (baTumi. S. rusTavelis saxelmwifo universiteti) zmniszmniszmniszmniswinwinwinwinTaTaTaTa mo mo mo monacnacnacnacvlevlevlevleooooba da daba da daba da daba da damamamamatetetetebibibibiTiTiTiTi funfunfunfunqciqciqciqcieeeebi sabi sabi sabi samxrul memxrul memxrul memxrul metyvetyvetyvetyvelelelelebabababaSiSiSiSi

Cveulebriv, zmniswini zmnis mniSvnelobasTan mWidrodaa dakavSirebuli da iseTi STabeWdileba iqmneba, TiTqos ama Tu im zmniswinis sxva zmniswiniT Secvla (ra Tqma unda, am SemTxve-vaSi ar igulisxmeba Senacvlebuli zmniswinis mier zmnisaTvis ZiriTadi mniSvnelobis Secvla) SeuZlebelia, magram dialeq-tebSi aseTi SemTxvevebi arc Tu ise iSviaTia.

zmniswinTa Senacvlebas unda iwvevdes funqciaTa erTiano-ba. zogjer erTi da igive funqcia SeiZleba ramdenime zmniswi-niT gadmoices; amas garda SeiZleba erT romelime mimarTule-

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baze ori gansxvavebuli zmniswini miuTiTebdes. erTi sityviT, garkveul situaciaSi zmniswinebi erTmaneTis magivrobas ewevi-an, Tu rogor da ramdenad srulyofilad, amas samxruli Cana-werebis mixedviT ganvixilavT.

samxrulSi sakmaod xSiria wa- zmniswiniT mo- zmniswiniani formebis Canacvleba svlisØ semantikis zmnebSi: wawawawa-didididianananan, wamo wamo wamo wamo-didididianananan, wa wa wa wa-vdivdivdivdivarTvarTvarTvarT, wa wa wa wa-gagagagabmenbmenbmenbmen...;

zogjer ga- zmniswini enacvleba Se- zmniswinian formebs: gagagaga-vpirvpirvpirvpirdidididi, ga ga ga ga-vwuxvwuxvwuxvwuxdidididi...;

gvxvdeba da- zniswinis ga- zmniswiniT Canacvleba: gagagaga-gagagagawynawynawynawyna----rorororossss, ga ga ga ga-msumsumsumsubuqbuqbuqbuqdadadada, ga ga ga ga-pirpirpirpirdidididi, ga ga ga ga-isisisisvevevevenananana(//gegegege-isisisisvevevevenananana), ga ga ga ga-svelsvelsvelsveldadadada...; mo- zmniswinis ga-zmniswiniT Senacvleba: gagagaga-tyviltyviltyviltyvildedededebabababa, gamo-/ wamo- monacvleoba- wamo wamo wamo wamo-vabvabvabvabrurururune ne ne ne da a. S.

garda monacvleobisa, samxruli metyveleba zmniswinTa da-matebTi funqciebis mravalferovnebiTac gamoirCeva. esenia: in-tensioba, odnaoba, moCvenebiToba, uneblioba da a. S. unda aRiniSnos, rom damatebiTi niuansebis gamoxatva yvela zmnis-wins ar SeuZlia, is mxolod erTi romelime maTganis specifi-kuri niSan _ Tviseba SeiZleba iyos.

zmniswinis damatebiTi niuansebi sruli aspeqtis gamoxat-vasTanaa kavSirSi. yvela is zmnuri forma, romelic raRac spe-cifikur Sinaarss Seicavs da damatebiTi niuansebi gaaCnia, upirveles yovlisa, sruli aspeqtisaa.

samxrulSi, damatebiT funqciaTagan, yvelaze metad gamo-kveTilia odnaoba da intensioba. moqmedebis sicotaveze, odna-obaze ZiriTadad migviTiTebs wa-, wamo- zmniswinebi: wawawawa-avavavavlelelele, wawawawa-bubububurererere, wa wa wa wa-gagagagaveveveve, wa wa wa wa-xsnaxsnaxsnaxsna, wa wa wa wa-kakakakara ra ra ra (wawawawa-krakrakrakra), wa wa wa wa-aaaaaaaasusususuqaqaqaqa, wa wa wa wa-rCarCarCarCa, wa wa wa wa-TliTliTliTlimamamama, wu wu wu wu-mamamamatatatata, wamo wamo wamo wamo-dvadvadvadva, wa wa wa wamemememe-isisisisxaxaxaxa, wamo wamo wamo wamo-wiawiawiawia, wamo wamo wamo wamo-xexexexedadadada, wamo wamo wamo wamo-cimcimcimcimcimcimcimcimdadadada..., amave funqcias asrulebs mo- da Se- zmniswinebic: momomomo-vvvvRaRaRaRalelelele, mo mo mo mo-wvawvawvawva, mo mo mo mo-svasvasvasva, mo mo mo mo-SuSSuSSuSSuSdadadada, mo mo mo mo-xrixrixrixrisasasasa; Se Se Se Se-TbeTbeTbeTbebabababa, Se Se Se Se-ayeayeayeaye----nananana, Se Se Se Se-ususususwowowoworararara, da a. S.

intensioba, rogorc wesi, gadmoicema da- zmniswiniT: dadadada-ktenktenktenkten, dadadada-asasasastavtavtavtavlelelele, da da da da-atyviatyviatyviatyvilelelele, da da da da-RoRoRoRobebebebe, da da da da-cricricricri, da da da da-tetetetexexexexe, da da da da-sivsivsivsivdadadada, dadadada-aSaSaSaSrorororo..., Tumca maT gverdiT, intensiobis gamosaxatavad gvxvdeba- Camo Camo Camo Camo-gigigigikikikikiTxoTxoTxoTxo, ga ga ga ga-krekrekrekrefifififilanlanlanlan... zmniswiniani formebic.

rac Seexeba sxva damatebiT funqciebs, isini ase gamokveTi-li araa samxrulSi, Tumca met-naklebad mainc dasturdeba.

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m am am am a m i a f am i a f am i a f am i a f a R aR aR aR a v av av av a (baTumi. S. rusTavelis saxelmwifo universiteti) ZveZveZveZveli qarli qarli qarli qarTuTuTuTuli leqli leqli leqli leqsisisisikakakaka sasasasamxrul kimxrul kimxrul kimxrul kilolololoebebebebSiSiSiSi

samxruli kiloebis leqsikaSi ramdenime fena unda gamoi-yos: a. Zveli qarTuli; b. saerToqarTveluri; g. nasesxebi da d. dialeqturi leqsika. sainteresoa Zveli qarTuli fena sa-mxruli metyvelebis leqsikaSi:

1. xoxoxoxocavscavscavscavs _ wmends (aWaruli, SavSuri klarjuli). Zv. qar-Tuli momomomoƒocaƒocaƒocaƒoca: mohƒocda sisxlsa wmidisa andreanesasa (andr. ant. 220,21); 2. rcxarcxarcxarcxa _ recxva (SavSuri, klarjuli). Zv. qarTu-li: rcxircxircxircxidesdesdesdes maT cremliTa (m. cx. 9r). Zvel qarTulSi das-turdeba: gamogamogamogamorcxarcxarcxarcxa, gan gan gan ganrcxarcxarcxarcxa, mrcxe mrcxe mrcxe mrcxelililili, sa sa sa sarcxercxercxercxelililili. igive fuZe dasturdeba saSual qarTulSic. 3. qoqoqoqoriririri _ sabZeli (SavSuri). Zv. qarTuli qoqoqoqoriririri: jda qor qor qor qorsa sa sa sa mas sazafxulosa martod (M. msj. 3,20). igive Ziria qoqoqoqoredredredredØSi _ qoriani: iyo saxlsa mas qoqoqoqoredredredred----sasasasa... (I, ierem.20,2)... aRvniSnavT, rom dialeqtSi qoris mniSvne-loba odnav gansxvavebulia; 4. kakakakakakakakalililili _ cali, erTi cali... (erTis mniSvnelobiT kakakakakakakakalililili gvxvdeba aWarulSi, SavSurSi, klarjulSi, gurulSi, aseve kolxursa da svanurSi). igive mniS-vnelobiT kakakakakakakaka(lililili) dadasturda Zv. qarTulSi kompozitSi ererererTkaTkaTkaTkakakakaka _ calkaka...: ara mouƒdes kaci... ererererTkaTkaTkaTkaka�ka�ka�ka� G, nu mo-valn kaci ... ererererTkaTkaTkaTkaka�ka�ka�ka� (levit. 21,20); kakakakacicicici _ qmris mniSvnelo-biT gvxvdeba aWarulSi, SavSurSi, klarjulSi, taourSi, zogi-erT sxva kiloSic. igive mniSvneloba aqvs mas Zvel qarTulSic: qalwulsa, Txovilisa qmarqmarqmarqmarsasasasa DE, qalwulisa gaTxovilisa kackackackacsasasasa (C. l. 1,27); 6. yayayayaWiWiWiWi _ abreSumis Wiis mniSvnelobiT gvxvdeba aWarulSi. Zv. qarTulSi yaWi abreSumis mniSvnelobiT ixmareba: romeli-igi (sTuli) giqmnis Tquen Wiaman yayayayaWiWiWiWisasasasamanmanmanman saquslad samoslisa lbilisa (b. kes. 121,8); 7. asaxasaxasaxasaxnenenenelililili _ gamocana (aWaruli), vinc gamocanas xsnis _ amamamamxsnexsnexsnexsnelialialialia. Sdr. Zv. qarTuli aRmaRmaRmaRmƒƒƒƒnenenenelililili: myvna SewevniTa RmrTisa�Ta aRmaRmaRmaRmƒƒƒƒnelnelnelnel da ganmbWobel saqmesa kninRa dafarulsa (A. 129,8); 8. zimzimzimzimTiTiTiTi _ aWarulSi (qo-buleTur kilokavSi) ixmareba fisis mniSvnelobiT. igi foneti-kuri varianti Cans Zv. qarTuli ZivZivZivZivTiTiTiTiØsa: bZana ... dadnoba�

49

ZivZivZivZivTiTiTiTisa�sa�sa�sa� da mduRarisa� mis dasxma� TavTa maTTa zeda ((A. 129,285r, 8-12 b); 9. banbanbanbanjajajajariririri _ mwvanili, balaxi ixmareba Zv. qarTulSi: viTarca banbanbanbanjajajajariririri SemWnari (es. 37,27). SavSeTSi mTis balaxia fanfanfanfanjajajajari ri ri ri (<<<<banbanbanbanjajajajariririri); 10. Zvel qarTulSi gagagagamemememeSiSiSiSi aRniS-navs kamkamkamkambeCsbeCsbeCsbeCs, kam kam kam kambeSsbeSsbeSsbeSs (II Sj. 14,5). gagagagamemememeSiSiSiSi gvxvdeba SavSurSi to-ponimSi gameSeTi; 11. Zv. qarTulSi bRunbRunbRunbRunvavavava moxras niSnavs: bRunbRunbRunbRunviTviTviTviT iyo slva� misi (bal. 24,2). bRubRubRubRunanananarererere _ momomomoxrixrixrixrilililili. bRunbRunbRunbRun fuZe gvxvdeba momomomobRunbRunbRunbRunkulkulkulkulØØØØSi Si Si Si (aWaruli); 12. gamogamogamogamobRubRubRubRuleleleleZaZaZaZa _ `gamoRleZa~ dasturdeba Zvel qarTulSi: gamogamogamogamobRubRubRubRulilililiZisZisZisZis sim-tkiceman man axlisaman DE, gamogamogamogamoiiiiRiRiRiRiZisZisZisZis dgmulman man samoslisa misgan (C mT. 9,16). Sdr. aWaruli: gamogamogamogamobRlebRlebRlebRleZiZiZiZilililili, da da da daRleRleRleRleZiZiZiZilililili, momomomoRleRleRleRleZiZiZiZilililili//momomomoRleRleRleRlezizizizilililili; 13. maxmaxmaxmaxrorororotitititi, maxmaxmaxmaxrurururutitititi _ Rvinis Wiqas aRniSnavs Zvel qarTulSi: gƒms ... iyos WiqebiTa maxmaxmaxmaxrurururutetetetebibibibiTaTaTaTa TiTTa zeda tÂrTulTa (A92,236). xvretxvretxvretxvret dalevas aRniSnavs sa-Sual qarTulSic (vefxistyaosani, d. guramiSvili). xvrexvrexvrexvre----tatatata//xvrixvrixvrixvritatatata dalevis mniSvnelobiT ixmareba SavSurSic: `mawoni xvrixvrixvrixvritotototoØØØØna~; 14. ezosezosezosezos erT-erTi mniSvneloba Zvel qarTulSi aris kakakakariririri (i. abulaZe). samxrul kiloebSi (aWaruli, SavSuri) `karkarkarkarSi gaSi gaSi gaSi gavivivividadadada~ niSnavs `ezoezoezoezoSi gaSi gaSi gaSi gavivivividadadada~; 15. plaplaplaplakikikiki Zvel qar-TulSi aRniSnavs lorfins, ficars.: kacsa mas queSe ipoa plaplaplapla----kikikiki marmarilo�sa� (Ath II, 189r). Sdr. aWaruli plaplaplaplakekekeke _ `sisisisipi pi pi pi qvaqvaqvaqva~...

(SeSeSeSeniSniSniSniSvnavnavnavna: magaliTebi Zveli qarTuli enidan moyvanilia: il. abulaZe, Zveli qarTuli enis leqsikoni (masalebi), Tb. 1973; z. sarjvelaZe, Zveli qarTuli enis leqsikoni, Tb. 1995).

masalebis moyvana kidev SeiZleba. samxruli kiloebis leq-sikis gamowvlilviT Seswavla kidev bevr paralels gamoavlens Zvel qarTulTan da qarTvelur enebTan. dasaSvebia, rom moyva-nili leqsikuri erTeulebi Zvel samwerlobo enaSi dialeqte-bidanaa Sesuli. gamovlenili masalebi, vfiqrobT, sainteresoa qarTuli leqsikologiis istoriisaTvis.

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JJJJ. f e f e f e f e i qi qi qi q r i Sr i Sr i Sr i S v iv iv iv i llll iiii, r r r r. s a s a s a s a R iR iR iR i n an an an a ZZZZ eeee, eeee. d a d a d a d a d id id id i aaaa n in in in i (quTaisi. a. wereTlis saxelmwifo universiteti) imeimeimeimerurururuli dili dili dili diaaaaleqleqleqleqtis Setis Setis Setis Seswavswavswavswavlis islis islis islis istotototoririririiiiisasasasaTvisTvisTvisTvis ((((axaaxaaxaaxali sali sali sali saleqleqleqleqsisisisikokokokono mano mano mano masasasasalalalala))))

dialeqturi masalis mopovebas gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelo-ba aqvs dialeqtis srulyofili Seswavlisa da enis Tanamedro-ve Tu istoriuli viTarebis kvlevisaTvis.

moxseneba miznad isaxavs quTaisis saxelmwifo universite-tis qarTuli enis kaTedris TanamSromlis aw gansvenebuli le-ila uklebas mier Sekrebili dialeqturi masalis analizs, ag-reTve, misi wignis `imeruli dialeqtis saleqsikono masala" prezentacias.

wignSi warmodgenilia imeruli leqsika, sityvaformebi da gamoTqmebi (1700-mde erTeuli). avtors gamowvlilviT aqvs Se-swavlili erTi soflis, kerZod, baRdaTis raionis sofel ro-xis .metyveleba.

aRniSnuli masala arsebul ganmartebiTsa da dialeqtur leqsikonebTan Sedareba-Sejerebis safuZvelze dajgufda Semdeg-nairad:

a) sityvebi, romlebic gamocemul leqsikonebSi ar dastur-deba. magaliTad: aleSaleSaleSaleSkekekekererererebubububulililili (lamazad zeaweuli warbebi, gadarkaluli), aWoaWoaWoaWofavsfavsfavsfavs (windas Casacmelad moimarjvebs), gagagaga----mfrinmfrinmfrinmfrinvavavavalelelele (samijnuro saqmeebSi daostatebuli qali), iqiqiqiqlurlurlurlur----cecececebabababa (Cumad tiris), kakakakakakakakauuuurobs robs robs robs (gamudmebiT mReris an bevrs ki-Txulobs xmamaRla), kankankankankokokokoCaCaCaCa (patara, dabali skami), JiJJiJJiJJiJmamamamariririri----tobstobstobstobs (wvalobs, eZineba, magram ver iZinebs), qoqoqoqoTiTiTiTilalalalaresresresres (cudi suni asdis), RuRuRuRulamlamlamlambrebrebrebrebibibibi (lokonebi), ciscisciscisqqqqnonononobabababamdismdismdismdis (cis simaR-lemde, gadat. metismetad, Zalian), wenwenwenwenwiwiwiwi (tanwvrili da maRa-li biWi), WopWopWopWopnisnisnisnis (keravs), xinxinxinxincacacacalililili (acma)...

b) sityvebi, romelTac gansxvavebuli mniSvneloba aqvs: aaaaaaaagungungungundadadadavebsvebsvebsvebs (Tavis nebaze atrialebs, aTamaSebs), gamogamogamogamoCxaCxaCxaCxakukukukulililili (Wreli an Ria feris Tvalebi), ezurezurezurezurgugugugulelelelebabababa (nakli aqvs), RiRiRiRijijijiji----RiRiRiRijijijiji (erTi da imaves CiCini), wawawawamwamwamwamwaTxavsTxavsTxavsTxavs (waTovs wylians)...

g) xatovani gamonaTqvamebi: burburburburdadadadavavavavalas iZalas iZalas iZalas iZaxisxisxisxis (arxeinadaa, araferi edardeba), busbusbusbusTaTaTaTavis savis savis savis samamamamaririririlelelele (metsaxeli, gasajavrebe-

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li gamoTqma), eniT wareniT wareniT wareniT warbebs isbebs isbebs isbebs iswowowoworebsrebsrebsrebs (enagrZelia); mTis CimTis CimTis CimTis Citi ti ti ti mTas SemTas SemTas SemTas Seakakakakvdavdavdavda (sadac daibada, iq unda mokvdes); sasasasafCxifCxifCxifCxile ar le ar le ar le ar amoamoamoamouuuuvivivividesdesdesdes (suli ar wauvides; ityvian bavSvze, romelic Se-scqeris sxvis Wamas da miawodeben saWmels), wvewvewvewveni geni geni geni gemos gadamos gadamos gadamos gada----hyvahyvahyvahyva (male SeiWama)...

l. uklebas mier moZiebuli leqsikuri erTeulebi sainte-reso da faseulia imeruli dialeqtisa da zogadad qarTuli enis leqsikis Seswavlis TvalsazrisiT.

n an an an a T i a f oT i a f oT i a f oT i a f o n in in in i aaaa v av av av a (Tbilisi. iv. javaxiSvilis sax. saxelmwifo universiteti) CxoCxoCxoCxororororowyus rawyus rawyus rawyus raiiiioooonis sonis sonis sonis sofel Wofel Wofel Wofel WoRisRisRisRis totototopopopoponinininimimimimiiiiidandandandan

Cxorowyus raionis geogrefiul saxelebs monografiuli gamokvleva miuZRvna p. cxadaiam, Tumca zogi toponimikuri er-Teuli, maT Soris _ sofel WoRisac, wignSi ar aris warmo-dgenili. Cven mxolod aseTebs SevexebiT.

pirvel WoRis bakureTis ubanSi aris ramdenime mikroubani, romelTa saxeldeba momxdara saTanado teritoriaze ama Tu im gvaris dasaxlebis mixedviT:

leleleleToToToToduedueduedue _ saxlobs Toduebis ramdenime ojaxi. leleleleababababSiSiSiSilelelele _ abSilavebis ori ojaxi cxovrobs. maTi gvari

sofel Taiidan gadmosaxlebula XX s-is dasawyisSi. lelelelexoxoxoxobebebebelelelele _ leabSiles gagrZelebaa. cxovroben umetesad

xobeliebi. maTi winapari xobeli aznauri yofila da TavadTan ukmayofilebis gamo gadmosaxlebula WoRaSi daaxloebiT XVIII saukuneSi.

n a s a x l a r e b i bakureTSi, leTodues mikroubanSi dasturdeba nasaxlare-

bi: sosososofifififiaS noaS noaS noaS noxoxoxoxoriririri, pet pet pet petreS noreS noreS noreS noxoxoxoxoriririri, ge ge ge geraS noraS noraS noraS noxoxoxoxoriririri. bakureTSi, lepatares ubanSi aris Semdegi nasaxlarebi: kakakaka----

koS nokoS nokoS nokoS noxoxoxoxoriririri, da da da daTiTiTiTikoS nokoS nokoS nokoS noxoxoxoxoriririri, av av av avTaS noTaS noTaS noTaS noxoxoxoxoriririri, ia ia ia iakoS nokoS nokoS nokoS noxoxoxoxoriririri, lalalalazaS nozaS nozaS nozaS noxoxoxoxoriririri.

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yvela aRniSnuli nasaxlari saTanado anTroponimebs ukav-Sirdeba (sofia, petre, gera, kako, daTiko, avTa, iako, laza; noxori `nasaxlari~).

tyeebis monakveTebi saxeldebulia iq gavrcelebuli da ufro damaxasiaTebeli mcenareTa saxelebis mixedviT:

tuntuntuntungogogogonananana `tungis tye~ _ mdebareobs pirveli WoRis cen-trTan. sakmaod vrcel teritoriaze gaSenebulia tungis plan-tacia.

akaakaakaakacicicicioooonananana `akaciis tye~ da cxicxicxicximumumumurorororonananana `rcxilnari~ _ baku-reTis ubanSi, leTodueSi.

lelelelekukukukuxoxoxoxonananana `xeWrelis tye~ _ bakureTis ubanSi, alavanCiasTan. f e r d o b e b i barbarbarbardRadRadRadRaSi ferSi ferSi ferSi ferdidididi _ lexobeleSi mdebareobs. bardRa adami-

anis saxelia. SkeSkeSkeSkedodododonananana||||||||SqeSqeSqeSqedodododonananana _ ferdobi bakureTSi. SkeSkeSkeSkedidididi||||||||SqeSqeSqeSqedidididi `go-

rakis (mTis) Crdiliani (CrdiloeTi) ferdobi~, romelsac mze iSviaTad udgeba.

R e l e e b i nanananavesvesvesvesRaRaRaRalililili `navesis Rele~ _ bakureTis ubanSi. Rele gamo-

edineba Cais plantaciebis teritoriidan. Relis siaxloves yo-fila Cais mimRebi punqti _ navesi da Relesac misi saxeli da-rqmevia. barbarizmia. Sdr. rus. навес `farduli~.

wyewyewyewyenanananaRaRaRaRalililili _ meore WoRaSi. Cndeba mxolod wyaldidobi-sas, sxva dros damSralia, adideba icis da ase imitom eZaxiano.

m i w i s n a k v e T e b i alaalaalaalavanvanvanvanCiaCiaCiaCia _ mdebareobs bakureTis ubanSi, kerZod, leab-

SileSi. gzispirisgan Cadablebul adgilas, yanis gverdiT. alaalaalaala gverdiT mdebareobis, myofobis aRmniSvneli zmniswini unda iyos, vanvanvanvanCiaCiaCiaCia ki megr. vavavavanananana-s `yanis~ kninobiTi forma (----CiaCiaCiaCia||||||||----CiCiCiCi kninobiTobis mawarmoebeli Cans).

dadadadambambambamba _ mdinare oCxomuris mimdebare monakveTi, farTo, dabali adgili, romelic wyaldidobisas mTlianad itborebo-da.

trantrantrantranCaCaCaCaiaiaiaia _ hqvia Cais plantacias pirvel WoRaSi, romlis rigebs Soris farTo daSorebaa.

nanananababababagurgurgurgur _ SoniaTis ubanSi, pirvel WoRaSi. am adgilas kolmeurneobis baguri ferma yofila. amave saxelwodebis to-

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ponimi aris lejvates ubanSic. nanananaSvriuSvriuSvriuSvriu _ JuRuSi ewodeba erT-erT farTobs. rogorc

Cans, im adgilas Svria mohyavdaT. m o r e v e b i kakakakakikikikiSi toSi toSi toSi tobabababa _ morevi lejvateSi. kaki qalis saxeli yofila. grigrigrigriSaSaSaSaSi toSi toSi toSi tobabababa _ morevi bakureTSi. sainteresoa, rom adre

mas lalalaladiSdiSdiSdiS totototobabababa erqva (griSas mamis saxeli). ofuofuofuofucxocxocxocxolelelele _ morevi goWkadilSi. aq Turme bevri Tevzi

iyrida Tavs da TevzsaWers dgamdnen (Sdr. megr. fucxol-ua `swrafi, xmauriani moZraoba~).

w y a r o e b i cacacacabubububuaS wyuraS wyuraS wyuraS wyurgigigigilililili _ bakureTSi, navesRal-Tan axlos. cviccviccviccvicviS wyurviS wyurviS wyurviS wyurgigigigilililili _ WoRis centrTan mdebare sasaflaos

gzaze. varvarvarvarlalalalamiS wyamiS wyamiS wyamiS wyariririri _ _ _ _ mdebareobs WoRisa da nafiCxovos sa-

zRvarze. wyaroTa ganxiluli saxelwodebebi Sesityvebebia, romelTa

pirveli komponenti anTroponimia (cabua, cvicvi, varlami), me-ore komponenti _ wyurgili, wyari `wyaro~.

bubububume wyame wyame wyame wyariririri _ meore WoRaSi. p. cxadaiasTanac aris dafiq-sirebuli mdinare bume (Cven Sesityveba davadastureT).

nanananainWinWinWinW `adgili, sadac Wa yofila~ _ mdebareobs pirveli WoRis centrSi, yofili kolmeurneobis Senobis qvemoT.

aq Cven ganvixileT mxolod nawili im toponimTagan, rom-lebic sofel WoRaSi CaviwereT; ivaraudeba, rom momavalSi mis Seswavlas davubrundebiT.

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e le le le l z a f u tz a f u tz a f u tz a f u t k ak ak ak a r ar ar ar a Z eZ eZ eZ e (baTumi. n. berZeniSvilis instituti) xaxaxaxatotototovavavavani sini sini sini sityvatyvatyvatyva----TqmaTqmaTqmaTqmani ni ni ni `̀̀̀CveCveCveCvenenenenebubububurerererebisbisbisbis qarqarqarqarTuTuTuTulislislislis~ ~ ~ ~ mimimimixedxedxedxedviTviTviTviT

qarTuli literaturuli memkvidreoba, xalxis cocxali sasaubro metyveleba mdidaria xatovani sityva-TqmebiT. aRniS-nul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT araerTgzis gamaxvilebula yura-dReba saenaTmecniero literaturaSi, Tumca sakiTxi naklebadaa Seswavlili qarTuli enis dialeqtebis mixedviT. es yvelaze me-tad samxrul-dasavluri dialeqtebis mimarT iTqmis. am kuTxiT arsebuli sicariele namdvilad Seavso profesor SuSana futka-raZis wignma `Cveneburebis qarTuli~. fasdaudebelia `Cvenebure-bis qarTulis~ teqstebi Tavisi leqsikiT, gramatikuli forme-biT. faqtiurad, am teqstebiT gveqmneba safuZvliani warmodgena samxrul-dasavlur dialeqtebze. Cvens Tvalwin cocxldeba dia-leqti, romelsac daucavs bevri saintereso leqsikuri forma Tu gramatikuli Tavisebureba. am dialeqturma jgufma bunebri-via, rom ganicada ucxo enis gavlena, magram masSi mainc dakris-talebulia Zveli qarTuli enisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli leqsikuri erTeulebi da morfologiur-sintaqsuri Taviseburebani. swo-red am kuTxiTaa is saintereso da mniSvnelovanic. am dialeqtis cocxal metyvelebaze xangrZlivi da sistemuri dakvirvebis Se-degia teqstSi TavCenili xalxuri xatovani sityva-Tqmebi. isic naTelia, rom xalxuri sityva-Tqmebis Seswavla garkveul siZne-leebTan aris dakavSirebuli. aseTi masalis mopoveba xalxTan uSualo urTierTobas moiTxovs, rac sakmaod rTulia.

naSromSi gaanalizebuli iqneba `Cveneburebis qarTulidan~ amokrebili zogierTi xatovani sityva-Tqma. magaliTisaTvis, kikikiki----bibibibilis tvilis tvilis tvilis tvinenenenebis gabis gabis gabis gayrayrayrayra, Tu Tu Tu Tuaaaalelelelebis Cabis Cabis Cabis Cayrayrayrayra, a bis buk a bis buk a bis buk a bis bukze Semoze Semoze Semoze Semokrakrakrakra, wvewvewvewveris pirris pirris pirris pirSi CaSi CaSi CaSi CaCraCraCraCra, der der der derdisdisdisdisgan gagan gagan gagan galewlewlewlewvavavava, me me me mercxarcxarcxarcxali gali gali gali gaSpaSpaSpaSpa, yu yu yu yu----susususuris Curis Curis Curis Cuqeqeqeqebabababa, si si si sityvis Taftyvis Taftyvis Taftyvis TafliT moliT moliT moliT moWraWraWraWra, xel ar me xel ar me xel ar me xel ar meiiiiWamsWamsWamsWams...

dialeqts uamravi xatovani sityva-Tqma daucavs, romlebic saliteraturo enis leqsikuri fondis gamdidreba-gamravalfe-rovnebis wyaroa. garda amisa, isini enis saxeobriobacaa. SesaZ-lebelia, maT gza gaekafos da damkvidrdes samwerlobo enaSi.

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n an an an a T i a f u tT i a f u tT i a f u tT i a f u t k ak ak ak a r ar ar ar a Z eZ eZ eZ e (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) ----dddd----ebebebeb----a da ia da ia da ia da i----////eeee------------ebebebeb----a struqa struqa struqa struqtutututurisrisrisris zmnezmnezmnezmnebi aWabi aWabi aWabi aWarulrulrulrulSiSiSiSi

----dddd----ebebebeb----aaaa da iiii--------ebebebeb----aaaa struqturis zmnebi qarTul enaSi, ro-gorc wesi, erTpiriani vnebiTi gvaris zmnebia; es znebi meore diaTezis avtoaqtivebadac aris kvalificirebuli. qarTuli enis aWarul dialeqtSi erTpiriania zogi e- prefiqsiani zmnac (eTxveba `Txovdeba~).

moxsenebaSi warmodgenili iqneba aWaruli dialeqtis ----dddd----ebebebeb----aaaa (mohazirdeba, qorwildeba) da iiii----//// eeee--------ebebebeb----aaaa agebulebis zmnebis (iareba, iTleba, eTxveba) paradigmebi. sakiTxi Seswavli-li iqneba qarTvelur masalaze dayrdnobiT (kvleva emyareba `qarTuli dialeqtologiuri korpusis~ masalebs, jer gamouq-veynebel teqstebs).

S uS uS uS u S aS aS aS a n a f u tn a f u tn a f u tn a f u t k ak ak ak a r ar ar ar a ZZZZ eeee, (baTumi. S. rusTavelis saxelmwifo universiteti) e le le le l z a f u tz a f u tz a f u tz a f u t k ak ak ak a r ar ar ar a ZZZZ eeee, (baTumi. n. berZeniSvilis instituti) m em em em e d e a r i Jd e a r i Jd e a r i Jd e a r i J v av av av a Z eZ eZ eZ e (baTumi. n. berZeniSvilis instituti) sosososofel gevfel gevfel gevfel gevlis melis melis melis metyvetyvetyvetyvelelelelebisbisbisbis TaTaTaTavivivivisesesesebubububurerererebabababanininini

gevgevgevgevlililili erTi lamazi sofelia mdinare murRulis xeobaSi (TurqeTis respublika, arTvinis vilaieTi). igi daba murRulidan daSorebulia eqvsi kilometriT. sofeli sakmaod mozrdilia. am-Jamad 200 komli cxovrobs. aqaurebi ZirZveli qarTuli modgmis STamomavlebi arian _ varvarvarvarSaSaSaSaninininiZeZeZeZeeeeebibibibi, kik kik kik kiknanananaZeZeZeZeeeeebibibibi, sur sur sur surmamamamaninininiZeZeZeZeeeeebibibibi, ja ja ja ja----yeyeyeyelelelelebibibibi. marTalia, bevrs aRar axsovs Tavisi Zveli qarTuli gva-ri, magram qarTvelobis Segneba aravis daukargavs. sarfis karis

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gaxsnis Semdeg maT moZebnes TavianTi naTesavebi dedasamSobloSi. dRes yvela murRulelma icis, rom uxsovari droidan moyolebu-li maTi geni, fesvi qarTvelTa istoriul samSobloSi xarobs.

murRulis xeobis qarTuli nigaluri kilos Tqmaa, rasac sofel gevlis metyvelebaze dakvirvebac adasturebs xolme. aqaurTa metyvelebas Semounaxavs uZvelesi enobrivi Tavisebu-rebani da nigaluri kilosaTvis damaxasiaTebeli dialeqturi formebi. moxsenebaSi gaanalizebulia 2010 2010 2010 2010 wlis agwlis agwlis agwlis agvisvisvisvistotototoSiSiSiSi sofel gevlSi Cawerili dialeqturi teqstebi. warmoCenilia fofofofonenenenetitititikurkurkurkur----gragragragramamamamatitititikukukukuli li li li da leq leq leq leqsisisisikukukukuri Tari Tari Tari Tavivivivisesesesebubububurerererebabababanininini.

gansakuTrebuli interesi daimsaxura kiTxviTma a- nawilak-ma. igi gvxvdeba rogorc kiTxviTsityvian, ise ukiTxviTsityvo kiTxviT winadadebaSi. mag. vin xara?; didi xara?; surmaniZe xar-Ta?; aq qnaia qorwili?; arxataSi yavsa? Cuena naTesavebi varTa? Svilebi gyavsa?; baTumsa vnaxav mea?... (a- nawilakze modis maxvili).

obieqtis mravlobiTi ricxvis pirveli piri zmnaSi gamoxa-tulia TavsarT manmanmanman-iT: Cuena RmerTman dedededememememeSuSuSuSueeeelenlenlenlen; Cuena ar gegegegememememeyayayayara ra ra ra avni (gagveyara); momomomomcesmcesmcesmces maswavleblebsa maaSi (xelfasi mogvces); mawmawmawmawvivivivieseseses (migviwvies) parlamenToSi; parkSi momomomomarmarmarmarTves Tves Tves Tves saWmeli (mogvarTves)...

gardamavali zmnis pirveli seriis mwkrivis formebTan pir-dapiri obieqti dgas saxelobiT brunvaSi, subieqti ki moTxro-biTSia, rac lazurTan siaxlovis Sedegia: kackackackacmamamama aswavlis; xoxoxoxo----jebjebjebjebmamamama iZaxian locva, ZveZveZveZveleblebleblebmamamama RoRoRoRomi mi mi mi daTesevden; vaWvaWvaWvaWrebrebrebrebma Tuma Tuma Tuma Tu----TuTuTuTunininini gayidevden; gamevtandiT mamamamaririririlililili; saWmelsa kakakakakakakakalililili muay-riT; babababababababamamamama xaxaxaxariririri amuSavebda...

mimzidvel lingvistur suraTs qmnis sofel gevlis `̀̀̀mimimimiwis wis wis wis enaenaenaena~~~~ anu totototopopopopononononomiamiamiamia. adgilTa saxelebi TiTqmis mTlianad qar-Tulia, rogoricaa: ala ala ala alaververververTiTiTiTi, ar ar ar arxvaxvaxvaxva, bi bi bi bilonlonlonloncacacacarararara, bi bi bi biWiWiWiWieeeeTiTiTiTi, boRboRboRboRleleleleTiTiTiTi, bu bu bu bujujujujuriririri, go go go golalalalaxuxuxuxurararara, gu gu gu gugugugugulavlavlavlavriririri, ere ere ere eregugugugunananana, va va va vaSaSaSaSaneneneneTiTiTiTi, zemzemzemzemdidididiTiTiTiTi, zi zi zi ziaaaarererereTiTiTiTi, Tox Tox Tox ToxveveveveTiTiTiTi, Tur Tur Tur Turna Tena Tena Tena Tefe fe fe fe (qeqeqeqedidididi), kil kil kil kildidididiyayayayanananana, kokokokokokokokorererereTiTiTiTi, ko ko ko kolalalalaRiRiRiRikakakakariririri, ku ku ku kututututuneneneneTiTiTiTi, ma ma ma maririririlelelelevivivivi, Ca Ca Ca Camlumlumlumlugigigigi, ma ma ma maCaqCaqCaqCaq----veveveveTiTiTiTi, mu mu mu muReReReReleleleleTiTiTiTi, na na na nakutkutkutkutnenenenevivivivi, na na na naseseseselalalalavivivivi, sa sa sa saklaklaklaklavivivivi, fa fa fa farex Terex Terex Terex Tefe fe fe fe (qeqeqeqedidididi), qa qa qa qamemememeleleleleTiTiTiTi, qe qe qe qeririririeeeeTiTiTiTi, Sa Sa Sa SaririririTaTaTaTavivivivi, Cqol Cqol Cqol Cqolnanananariririri, wver wver wver wversisisisiqiqiqiqiTiTiTiTi, wiTwiTwiTwiTlolololobabababaTiTiTiTi, wab wab wab wablolololovavavavanininini, wya wya wya wyarorororoTiTiTiTi, wyal wyal wyal wyalfanfanfanfanCuCuCuCurararara, xa xa xa xararararatitititieeeeTiTiTiTi, xa xa xa xa----WiWiWiWikekekekeTiTiTiTi, xi xi xi xititititinananana, xo xo xo xoberberberberkekekekeTiTiTiTi... moxsenebaSi gaanalozebulia to-ponimTa sityva-Zirebi da fuZeebi.

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sofel gevgevgevgevlislislislis toponimebis erTi nawili moxseniebulia sosososo----fel kofel kofel kofel koriririridedededeTisTisTisTis wm. mariam RvTismSoblis saxelobis eklesiis sasasasa----xaxaxaxarerererebisbisbisbis (berZnul enazea gadawerili me-8 saukuneSi) mimimiminanananawewewewerebrebrebrebSiSiSiSi.

minawerebi Zvirfas istoriul wyaros warmoadgens murRu-lis xeobis warsulis Sesaswavlad. swored am minawerebidan da-dasturda, rom Zvel saqarTveloSi politikurad da ekonomiu-rad dawinaurebuli murRulis mxaris gamgeblebi X-XIII saukune-ebSi iyvnen saqarTvelos istoriaSi cnobili jajajajayeyeyeyelelelelebibibibi----aTaaTaaTaaTababababagegegege----bibibibi. warwerebi mogviTxroben, Tu romeli adgilebi Seswires maT korideTis eklesias. cnobilia, rom ioioioioaaaane jane jane jane jayelyelyelyelmamamama da yuTyuTyuTyuTlulululu----ararararslanslanslanslanmamamama (Tamar mefis epoqis cnobilma pirovnebebma) korideTis wm. mariam RvTismSoblis saxelobis eklesias Seswires adgilebi-ororororWiWiWiWisisisisi da TiTiTiTixxxxCeCeCeCeTiTiTiTi. es geografiuli saxelebi dResac cocxalia sofel gevlis mimdebare ubanSi. korideTis saxarebis minawereb-Si moxseniebuli geografiuli saxelebisa da alis ekalis ekalis ekalis eklelelelesisisisiisisisis (focxovi) svisvisvisvinaqnaqnaqnaqsasasasarerererebisbisbisbis monacemTa mixedviT dgindeba, rom yuTyuTyuTyuT----lulululu----ararararslaslaslaslanininini da xuxuxuxuaaaaSaSaSaSaqiqiqiqi cocococoqaqaqaqalililili iyvnen jajajajayelyelyelyelTa Ta Ta Ta sagvareulo sa-xlis Svilebi da erTmaneTis uaxloesi naTesavebi.

murRulis xeobis qarTuli soflebis metyvelebis Seswav-la kvlavac bevr saintereso suraTs gadaSlis ara marto qarqarqarqar----Tul enaTTul enaTTul enaTTul enaTmecmecmecmecninininieeeererererebabababaSiSiSiSi, aramed sasasasaqarqarqarqarTveTveTveTvelos islos islos islos istotototoririririisisisis araerT dRemde naklebad Seswavlil sakiTxsac mohfens xolme naTels.

m im im im i x ex ex ex e i l q ai l q ai l q ai l q a m am am am a d ad ad ad a Z eZ eZ eZ e (baTumi. n. berZeniSvilis instituti) ----ianianianian---- su su su sufiqfiqfiqfiqsiT siT siT siT gagagagaforforforformemememebubububulililili gvagvagvagvarerererebi aWabi aWabi aWabi aWararararaSiSiSiSi

aWaraSi gavrcelebuli gvarebi metwilad ZeZeZeZe daboloebiT gvxvdeba. SedarebiT naklebia SvilSvilSvilSvilze daboloebuli gvarsaxe-lebi. xolo -ianianianian-sufiqsiT gvarebis gaformeba aWaris regioni-saTvis damaxasiaTebeli araa.

jaiani, avaliani, dadiani, yifiani, axvlediani, ciciani // ci-cianiZe... es sagvareuloebi aWaraSi sxvadasxva dros arian mo-

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suli (upiratesad samegrelo-svaneTidan). amis Sesaxeb mocemu-li gvarebis warmomadgenlebic miuTiTeben.

mag., cicianebi svaneTidan mosulan da amJamindeli qedis raionis sof. saRoreTSi dasaxlebulan. Semdeg zogi maTgani Suaxevis raionis sof. cxemlisSi gadasula sacxovreblad. sof. saRoreTSi mcxovrebni amJamad cicianiZed iwerebian, cxemlisSi ki-cicianad.

svaneTidan warmomavloben, agreTve Suaxevis raionis sof-lebSi mcxovrebi yifianebi, qedis raionis sof. dandaloSi mcxovrebi avalianebi. . .

avaliani Tavadaznaurul gvarebs miekuTvneba. 1912 wels saolqo wodebriv komisias daukmayofilebia avalianTa ramdeni-me ojaxis Txovna da aRudgenia maTTvis Tavadis wodeba.

moxsenebaSi saubari iqneba ----ianianianian---- sufiqsiT gaformebuli sxva gvarebis warmomavlobazec.

m em em em e d e a R l o nd e a R l o nd e a R l o nd e a R l o n t it it it i (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) ufalufalufalufal----is da RmerTis da RmerTis da RmerTis da RmerT----is leqis leqis leqis leqsisisisikurkurkurkur----sesesesemanmanmanmantitititikukukukuriririri ararararCeCeCeCevavavavaninininisasasasaTvis qarTvis qarTvis qarTvis qarTul diTul diTul diTul diaaaaleqleqleqleqtebtebtebtebSiSiSiSi

1. wmida ioane damaskeli Tavis `gardamocemaSi~ sagangebod aRniSnavs, rom RmerTis saxelTagan upiratesi da umjobesia ararararsisisisi `myofi~, romliTac ucxadesad (`usakuTresad~) warmoCndeba RmerTis WeSmariti Sinaarsi _ `myofi; `romeli-igi ars~, anu `is, romelic myofobs, aris (maradis)~ (Sdr. gamoslvaTa 3, 13-14).

RmerTis meore upirates saxelad wmida mama asaxelebs sa-kuTriv RmerTsRmerTsRmerTsRmerTs _ berZn. TeTeTeTeosososos-s, romliTac warmoCndeba ararararsissississis (myofis) moqmedeba (← berZn. TeTeTeTeeeeeinininin `srbola~).

igive wmida mama gvimowmebs, rom ufaufaufaufalililili, , , , memememeuuuufefefefe, , , , dadadadambambambambadedededebebebebe----lililili, , , , SemoSemoSemoSemoqmeqmeqmeqmedidididi, , , , mwyemmwyemmwyemmwyemsisisisi da amis msgavsi saxelebiT warmoCndeba mTqmelis (adamianis) damokidebuleba RmerTisadmi (`T‚sebasa warmoaCenen winaukmo ganyofilTa mimarT~), kerZod: RmerTi

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ufaufaufaufalialialialia imisTvis, vis mimarTac uflebulia, anu visTvisac RmerTi uzenaesi baton-patronia _ ufali RmerTia; msgavsad amisa, RmerTi imisTvisaa memememeuuuufefefefe, visTvisac RmerTi uzenaesi me-fea; Sesabamisad, dadadadambambambambadedededebebebebelililili _ imisTvisaa, vinc Tavs RvTis Svilad miiCnevs, SemoSemoSemoSemoqmeqmeqmeqmedidididi ki imisTvis, vinc Tavs RvTis qmni-lebad aRiarebs da a. S.

2. qarTuli ufaufaufaufalislislislis da RmerRmerRmerRmerTisTisTisTis leqsikur-semantikuri ar-Cevani srulad emTxveva wmida ioane damaskelis zemoT moniS-nul mowmobas, Sdr.:

erTi mxriv, qarT. RmerRmerRmerRmerTiTiTiTi mniSvnelobiT: `RmerTi; zebuneb-rivi arseba~ (qegl-i); `suli naTeli dausabamo~ (sulxan-saba); `arseba pirvel saukuno (daviT CubinaSvili)~;

meore mxriv, polisemiuri qarT. ufaufaufaufalililili mniSvnelobebiT: `1. igivea, rac RmerTi; 2. (wign.) batoni, patroni, mbrZanebe-li~ (qegl-i); `patroni (vaJi), gina RmerTi~ (sulxan-saba); `sa-mRuTo werilSi o~‚i; RmerTi, dambadebeli, meufe, batoni, patroni~ (daviT CubinaSvili); `patroni, mflobeli, qriste~ (ilia abulaZe); `ufrosi, batoni, patroni~ (ivane imnaiSvili); `batoni RmerTi~ (zurab sarjvelaZe).

amasTan erTad, uaRresad maRalia sixSire da produqtiu-loba RmerRmerRmerRmerTisTisTisTis Semcveli kompozitebisa qarTulSi: RmerRmerRmerRmerTkaTkaTkaTkacicicici, , , , RmerRmerRmerRmerTmyoTmyoTmyoTmyofefefefelililili, RmerRmerRmerRmerTqmnuTqmnuTqmnuTqmnulelelelebabababa����, RmrTivRmrTivRmrTivRmrTivdadadadacucucuculililili, RmrTisRmrTisRmrTisRmrTismSomSomSomSo----bebebebelililili, RmrTisRmrTisRmrTisRmrTismemememetyutyutyutyueeeelililili, RmrTisRmrTisRmrTisRmrTismsamsamsamsaxuxuxuxuriririri da a. S. _ qarTuli ena aseulze met msgavs kompozits iTvlis. magram gacilebiT dabalia RmerTRmerTRmerTRmerT----isgan warmoebulTa produqtiuloba (RmrTeRmrTeRmrTeRmrTeeeeebabababa, , , , sasasasaRmrToRmrToRmrToRmrTo, , , , uRuRuRuRmrTomrTomrTomrTo............). aseve SedarebiT mcire jgufs Seadgens RmerRmerRmerRmerTisTisTisTis Semcveli dalocvisa da ficilis frazeologizmebi (RmerTsRmerTsRmerTsRmerTs ebaebaebaebarerererebobobobodededede............).

amisgan gansxvavebiT, ufaufaufaufalislislislis Semcveli oriode kompoziti mogvepoveba (ufufufuflislislisliswuwuwuwulililili `mefis an didebulis Ze, asuli; me-mkvidre~; ufufufuflislislislis----momomomoyuyuyuyuaaaarererere `patronis, batonis moyvaruli~); sa-magierod, mravalferovania da uaRresad maRalia ufaufaufaufalislislislisgangangangan warmoebulTa sixSire (120-ze meti leqsikuri erTeuli _ 73 damoukidebeli semantikuri veliT).

ufaufaufaufalislislislis da RmerRmerRmerRmerTisTisTisTis leqsikur-semantikuri arCevanis Tval-sazrisiT, gansakuTrebiT yuradsaRebia is, rom komponenti RmerTRmerTRmerTRmerT---- kompozitebSi TiTqmis ugamonaklisod inarCunebs `uze-

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naesi RmerTis~ an `yovelive zeciuris~ semantikas. amasTan, ase-ve TiTqmis ugamonaklisod Zneldeba RmerTRmerTRmerTRmerT---- komponentis Canac-vleba ufalufalufalufal-iT, Sdr.: gvaqvs RmerRmerRmerRmerTkaTkaTkaTkacicicici an ZeZeZeZe RmrTiRmrTiRmrTiRmrTisasasasa (da ara: ufalkaci an Ze uflisa); RmrTisRmrTisRmrTisRmrTismSomSomSomSobebebebelililili, , , , RmrTisRmrTisRmrTisRmrTismemememetyutyutyutyueeeelililili an RmrTisRmrTisRmrTisRmrTismsamsamsamsaxuxuxuxuriririri (da ara: uflismSobeli, uflismetyveli an uf-lismsaxuri) da a. S. rac Seexeba ufalsufalsufalsufals, , , , 73 semantikuri veli-dan 15%-mde modis `yovelive zeciuris~ semantikaze, danarCeni (85%-ze meti) _ `sawuTisoflos~ semantikis Semcvelia.

3. msgavsad megrul-Wanuri da svanuri enebisa (megruli RoRoRoRoronronronronTiTiTiTi,,,, lazuri RorRorRorRormomomomoTiTiTiTi,,,, svanuri RerRerRerRermeTmeTmeTmeT, , , , RerRerRerRerbeTbeTbeTbeT), qarTu-li enis dialeqtebSi TiTqmis imave leqsikur-semantikuri arCe-vanis mowmeni varT: aq RmerRmerRmerRmerTiTiTiTi dominirebs (RTRTRTRT----////xTxTxTxT- ZiriT warmoebulni aRmosavlur mTis dialeqtebsa da zogierT dasav-lur dialeqtSi, mag.: xevsuruli xTis iaxTis iaxTis iaxTis iasasasasauuuulililili `angelozi~ da sxva mravali), ufaufaufaufalislislislis gamoyenebis sixSire ki TiTqmis nuls utoldeba (TiTo-orola gamonaklisiT: xevsuruli ufufufuflislislislis TvaTvaTvaTvalililili `Zalian lamazi~, qarTluri ufufufuflislislislis xexexexe `bza~).

x ax ax ax a T uT uT uT u n a y a nn a y a nn a y a nn a y a n d a Sd a Sd a Sd a S v iv iv iv i l il il il i (Tbilisi. andria pirvelwodebulis sax. qarTuli universiteti)

mramramramravalvalvalvalgzigzigzigzisosososobis gamobis gamobis gamobis gamoxatxatxatxatvavavava kakakakaxur dixur dixur dixur diaaaaleqtleqtleqtleqtSiSiSiSi

kaxur dialeqtSi mrvalgzisobis gamoxatvis TvalsazrisiT

araerTgvari viTarebaa. qiziyur kilokavSi SemorCenilia mra-valgzisobis organuli warmoeba _ vxvdebiT rogorc pirvel, ise meore xolmeobiTis formebs: wamowamowamowamoiiiidisdisdisdis, dadadadahkrishkrishkrishkris, ganaganaganaganaxevxevxevxevrrrr----disdisdisdis, dadadadaweweweweririririanananan. aris SemTxvevebi, roca organuli warmoebis formas daerTvis `xolme~ nawilaki: momomomokvdiskvdiskvdiskvdis xolxolxolxolmemememe, gadagadagadagadacocococoriririri----anananan xolxolxolxolmemememe, aiaiaiaiRebRebRebRebdisdisdisdis xolxolxolxolmemememe. `xolme~ nawilaki daerTvis sxva mwkrivis formebsac: gagagagaiiiitantantantandadadada xolxolxolxolmemememe, SeSeSeSemimimimiWamWamWamWamnianianiania xolxolxolxolmemememe, �Te�Te�Te�Te----samssamssamssams xolxolxolxolmemememe, ityviityviityviityvianananan xolxolxolxolmemememe.

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gare da SidakaxurSi mravalgzisobas gamoxatavs ZiriTadad nawilakdarTuli formebi, magram iSviaTad gvxvdeba xolmeobi-Tis mwkrivebi: momomomouxuxuxuxrikrikrikrikninininianananan. organul formasTan erTad gvxvde-ba `xome~ nawilaki: Savidi xome.

mravalgzisobis gamosaxatavad ye/ke da xolme/xome nawilakebi: vexvexvexvexvevevevevivivivikekekeke, vasvasvasvaswavwavwavwavlilililidiTdiTdiTdiTkekekeke, vivivivinanananaxavxavxavxavdidididiyeyeyeye. xolme/xome nawilakTa-gan xSirad gamoiyeneba `xome~: ityoityoityoityodadadada xoxoxoxomemememe, gvagvagvagvazelzelzelzeldnendnendnendnen xoxoxoxomemememe.

mravalgzisi moqmedeba gamoixateba zmnis gameorebiT: `midi-an, midian, bolos ipoves~.

zogjer mravalgzisobas gamoxatavs aRweriTi warmoebiT, leqsikuri saSualebebiT. mag., `dRe da Rame~. dRe da Rame vwvalobdi.

Í À Ô Ï Û À Å Ò Ä Û É À Í ÉÍ À Ô Ï Û À Å Ò Ä Û É À Í ÉÍ À Ô Ï Û À Å Ò Ä Û É À Í ÉÍ À Ô Ï Û À Å Ò Ä Û É À Í É (ÈÁÉËÉÓÉ. ÀÒÍ. ÜÉØÏÁÀÅÀÓ ÓÀá. ÄÍÀÈÌÄÝÍÉÄÒÄÁÉÓ ÉÍÓÔÉÔÖÔÉ) ÄÒÈÂÅÀÒÂÀÒÄÌÏÄÁÉÀÍÉ ÛÄÒßÚÌÖËÉ ßÉÍÀÃÀÃÄÁÄÁÉ ÓÅÀÍÖÒÛÉ

ÒÏÂÏÒÝ ÝÍÏÁÉËÉÀ, ÂÀÒÄÌÏÄÁÀ áÖÈÉ ÓÀáÉÓÀ ÀÒÓÄÁÏÁÓ:

ÀÃÂÉËÉÓÀ, ÃÒÏÉÓÀ, ÅÉÈÀÒÄÁÉÓÀ, ÌÉÆÄÆÉÓÀ ÃÀ ÌÉÆÍÉÓÀ; ÛÄÓÀÁÀÌÉÓÀÃ, ÄÒÈÂÅÀÒÂÀÒÄÌÏÄÁÉÀÍÉ ÛÄÒßÚÌÖËÉ ßÉÍÀÃÀÃÄÁÀÝ áÖÈÉ ÓÀáÉÓÀÀ.

ØÀÒÈÖËÉÓ ÌÓÂÀÅÓÀà ÓÅÀÍÖÒÛÉÝ ßÀÒÌÏÃÂÄÍÉËÉÀ ÛÄÒßÚÌÖË ßÉÍÀÃÀÃÄÁÀÈÀ ÆÄÌÏÈ ÜÀÌÏÈÅËÉËÉ ãÂÖ×ÄÁÉ, ÈÖÌÝÀ, ÓÀÌÄÝÍÉÄÒÏ ËÉÔÄÒÀÔÖÒÀÛÉ ÂÀÌÏÈØÌÖËÉ ÌÏÓÀÆÒÄÁÉÓ ÈÀÍÀáÌÀÃ, ÓÅÀÍÖÒÛÉ ÉÛÅÉÀÈÉÀ ÄÒÈÂÅÀÒÂÀÍÓÀÆÙÅÒÄÁÉÀÍÉ ÃÀ ÄÒÈÂÅÀÒÂÀÒÄÌÏÄÁÉÀÍÉ ßÉÍÀÃÀ-ÃÄÁÄÁÉ; `ÓÅÀÍÖÒÛÉ ×ÀÒÈÏà ÂÀÅÒÝÄËÄÁÖËÉÀ ÄÒÈÂÅÀÒÛÄÌÀÓÌÄÍËÉÀÍÉ ÃÀ ÄÒÈÂÅÀÒØÅÄÌÃÄÁÀÒÉÀÍÉ ÛÄÒßÚÌÖËÉ ßÉÍÀÃÀÃÄÁÄÁÉ. ÛÄÃÀÒÄÁÉÈ ÍÀÊËÄÁÀà _ ÄÒÈÂÅÀÒÃÀÌÀÔÄÁÉÀÍÉ, áÏËÏ ÄÒÈÂÅÀÒÂÀÍÓÀÆÙÅÒÄÁÉÀÍÉ ÃÀ ÄÒÈÂÅÀÒÂÀÒÄÌÏÄÁÉÀÍÉ ßÉÍÀÃÀÃÄÁÄÁÉ ÌÄÔÀà ÉÛÅÉÀÈÉÀ, ÒÀÝ ÉÌÉÈ ÖÍÃÀ ÀÉáÓÍÀÓ, ÒÏÌ ÓÅÀÍÖÒÉ ÀÒÀÓÀËÉÔÄÒÀÔÖÒÏ ÄÍÀÀ ÃÀ ÆÄÃÌÄÔ ÄÐÉÈÄÔÄÁÓ ÂÀÖÒÁÉÓ" (ÀÁÄÓÀÞÄ).

ÌÀÓÀËÀÆÄ ÃÀÊÅÉÒÅÄÁÀÌ ÝáÀÃÚÏ, ÒÏÌ ÓÅÀÍÖÒÛÉ ÀÒÝÈÖ ÉÛÅÉÀÈÉÀ ÄÒÈÂÅÀÒÂÀÒÄÌÏÄÁÉÀÍÉ ßÉÍÀÃÀÃÄÁÄÁÉ. Ö×ÒÏ áÛÉÒÉÀ ÄÒÈÂÅÀÒÉ ÀÃÂÉËÉÓÀ ÃÀ ÅÉÈÀÒÄÁÉÈÉÓ ÂÀÒÄÌÏÄÁÉÀÍÉ ÛÄÒßÚÌÖËÉ ßÉÍÀÃÀÃÄÁÄÁÉ,

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áÏËÏ ÃÒÏÉÓ, ÌÉÆÄÆÉÓÀ ÃÀ ÌÉÆÍÉÓ ÄÒÈÂÅÀÒÉ ÂÀÒÄÌÏÄÁÄÁÉ ÛÄÃÀÒÄÁÉÈ ÍÀÊËÄÁÀà ÂÅáÅÃÄÁÀ.

ÂÀÒÄÌÏÄÁÀ, ÞÉÒÉÈÀÃÀÃ, ÒÏÂÏÒÝ ÝÍÏÁÉËÉÀ, ÆÌÍÉÓÀÒÈÉÈ ÂÀÃÌÏÉÝÄÌÀ, ÌÀÂÒÀÌ ÀÌÀÓÈÀÍÀÅÄ ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀ ÂÀÃÌÏÉÝÄÓ ÁÒÖÍÅÉÀÍÉ ÓÉÔÚÅÉÈÀÝ ÖÈÀÍÃÄÁÖËÏÃ ÀÍ ÈÀÍÃÄÁÖËÈÀ ÃÀÒÈÅÉÈ.

ÓÀÊÖÈÒÉÅ ÆÌÍÉÆÄÃÄÁÉÈ ÂÀÃÌÏÝÄÌÖËÉ ÄÒÈÂÅÀÒÉ ÂÀÒÄÌÏÄÁÄÁÉ ÓÅÀÍÖÒÛÉ ÛÄÃÀÒÄÁÉÈ ÍÀÊËÄÁÀÃÀÀ ÂÀÅÒÝÄËÄÁÖËÉ, Ö×ÒÏ áÛÉÒÉÀ ÈÀÍÃÄÁÖËÉÀÍÉ ÃÀ ÖÈÀÍÃÄÁÖËÏ ÓÀáÄËÄÁÉÈ ÂÀÌÏáÀÔÖËÉ ÂÀÒÄÌÏÄÁÄÁÉ.

âÄËÄÃÖÒÀÓ ÄÜÄá É ÀÌÄá ðÒÉá ÌÄÆÂÀË (ÐÒÏÆ. ÔÄØÓÔ., III, 13) `áÄËÄÃÖÒÀÛÉ ÉØÉÈ ÃÀ ÀØÄÈ ÀÒÉÀÍ ÏãÀáÄÁÉ"

ÙÏËÎêØÒÄ ãÏÂÀÒ ÃÄ ÄÜØÀÃ É ÃÄ ÀÈáÄ ÃêÓ ëÓ áÀÚëÍÀ (ÐÒÏÆ. ÔÄØÓÔ., IV, 22) `ÝáÅÒÄÁÉÓ ×ÀÒÀ (`ãÏÂ-ÄÁ-É") ÀÒÝ ÌÀÍÀÌÃÄ ÃÀ ÀÒÝ ÀáËÀ ÀÒÀÅÉÓ äÚÏËÉÀ"

ÑÉØêÍ É ÄÜáÄÍÈÄ ÄÛ áÏÃÉß ÅÉÓÊæÓ (ÜÏË.) `ÆÄÅÉÈ ÃÀ ÉØÉÈÊÄÍ ÞÀËÉÀÍ (`ÉÓÄ") ÀÓáÉÀ ÅÀÛËÓ"

ÄÜáÄÍ-ÀÌáÄÍ É ÜÖØæêÍØÀ ßéÒÍÉ ÀÒÛÉÍÀÎ áÄàÀÌ (ÜÏË.) `ÀØÄÈ-ÉØÉÃÀÍ (`ÉØÉÈ-ÀØÄÈ") ÃÀ ØÅÄÌÏÃÀÍ ßÉÈÄËÉ ÀÒÛÉÀ äØÏÍÃÀ ÛÄÌÏÅËÄÁÖËÉ (`ÌÏÚÅÄÁÏÃÀ")"...

ÆÌÍÉÓÀÒÈÄÁÉ ÛÄÉÞËÄÁÀ ßÀÒÌÏÃÂÄÍÉËÉ ÉÚÏÓ ÒÏÂÏÒÝ ÌÀÒÔÉÅÉ ×ÏÒÌÉÈ, ÀÓÄÅÄ ÈÀÍÃÄÁÖËÉÓ ÃÀÒÈÅÉÈÀÝ.

ÓÀáÄËÉÈ ÂÀÃÌÏÝÄÌÖËÉ ÖÈÀÍÃÄÁÖËÏ ÄÒÈÂÅÀÒÉ ÂÀÒÄÌÏÄÁÄÁÉ ÄÒÈÓÀ ÃÀ ÉÌÀÅÄ ÁÒÖÍÅÀÛÉ ÃÂÀÓ:

ÃÏËðÓæÉ×ÉÛ É ÖÛáæÀÍÒÉÛ ÍÄÍÓÂÀ ÃðÒ ÉÆÂÀ (ÐÒÏÆ. ÔÄØÓÔ., II, 2) `ÃÏËÀÓÅÉ×ÓÀ ÃÀ ÖÛáÅÀÍÄÁÓ ÛÏÒÉÓ (`ÛÖÀ") ÀÒÀÅÉÍ ÝáÏÅÒÏÁÃÀ"

ÉÛÊÄÍ ÉÆÂÀá ÂÖËÉÃÓ, ÊÀáéÒÓ, ËÀÓÊÀÃÀÒÓ, ËÄÓÄÌÀÓ É ÌÄÒÁÄ ÓÏ×ËðÒÓ (ÐÒÏÆ. ÔÄØÓÔ., III, 6) `ÓáÅÄÁÉ ÝáÏÅÒÏÁÃÍÄÍ ÂÖËÉÃÀÛÉ, ÊÀáÖÒÀÛÉ, ËÀÓÊÀÃÖÒÀÛÉ, ËÄÓÄÌÀÛÉ ÃÀ ÓáÅÀ (`ÌÄ-ÏÒ-Ä") ÓÏ×ËÄÁÛÉ"

ËëÈÛæ É ËÀÃÄÙæÛ ÜÉÂÀÒ áÀÂëÃÉ (ÜÏË.) `ÙÀÌÉÈ ÃÀ ÃÙÉÓÉÈ ÚÏÅÄËÈÅÉÓ ÓÞÉÍÀÅÓ"

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ÌÏáÓÄÍÄÁÀÛÉ ÂÀÍáÉËÖËÉ ÉØÍÄÁÀ, ÀÂÒÄÈÅÄ, ÂÀÒÄÌÏÄÁÉÀÍÉ ÛÄÒßÚÌÖËÉ ßÉÍÀÃÀÃÄÁÄÁÉÓ ÊÀÅÛÉÒÉÀÍÉ ÛÄÄÒÈÄÁÉÓ ÛÄÌÈáÅÄÅÄÁÉÝ.

e T e r S ee T e r S ee T e r S ee T e r S e n g en g en g en g e l i al i al i al i a (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) memememegrulgrulgrulgrul----lalalalazuzuzuzuri miri miri miri miloclocloclocvavavava----dadadadaloclocloclocvisvisvisvis forforforformumumumulelelelebibibibisa da frasa da frasa da frasa da frazezezezeoooolololologizgizgizgizmemememebisbisbisbis anaanaanaanalilililizizizizisasasasaTvis Tvis Tvis Tvis

xalxis kulturasa da adaT-wesebTan dakavSirebuli leqsi-

kis garkveuli jgufi mxolod frazeologizmebsa da idiomatur gamoTqmebSia daculi. amitom gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba eni-Weba maT Seswavlas.

ganvixilavT megrul-lazuri dalocvis formulebsa da frazeologiur gamoTqmebs. masala mravalferovania da sakmaod mravalricxovanic.

SesaZlebelia gamoiyos milocva-dalocvis Tematuri jgufebi: sasasasazozozozogagagagadodododo: megr. memememegaxgaxgaxgaxvavavavamanqmanqmanqmanq//mememememxvamxvamxvamxvamu mu mu mu `mogilocav, momi-

locnia~, laz. gegegegegixgixgixgixvavavava LLLLmamamama `mogilocav, momilocnia~ (milocvac aris da dalocvac) (dasaxelebulia is dResaswauli Tu movle-na, romelsac vulocavT).

megr. Ro Ro Ro RoronTronTronTronTq dorq dorq dorq dorxvaxvaxvaxvamasmasmasmas `RmerTma daglocos~, laz. RorRorRorRormomomomoTiq gegTiq gegTiq gegTiq gegxvaxvaxvaxvamasmasmasmas;

megr. jujujujuaaaari giri giri giri giwers wers wers wers `jvari geweros//gweria~ (jvris saxeliT dalocvis magaliTi lazurSi ver davadastureT);

mwumwumwumwuxaxaxaxarerererebisbisbisbis: megr. ananananwiwiwiwiananananwiwiwiwime jgime jgime jgime jgirorororobua rSibua rSibua rSibua rSibubububudadadadani ni ni ni `amis me-re (momavalSi)~ sikeTe geSovoT (gqonodeT), laz. kakakakaiiiinonononoba meba meba meba me----qCaT RorqCaT RorqCaT RorqCaT RormomomomoTiq Tiq Tiq Tiq `RmerTma sikeTe mogceT~;

gangangangansacsacsacsacdedededelislislislis: megr. RoRoRoRorons girons girons girons ginunununujijijijinunununudasdasdasdasˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ `RmerTs gadmoe-xedos~ (RmerTma gadmogxedos), laz. RorRorRorRormomomomoTiq gilTiq gilTiq gilTiq gilgowgowgowgowkekekekedas das das das zedzedzedzedmiwmiwmiwmiw. `RmerTi gxedavdes~ e. i. `RmerTma gadmogxedos,Segiwya-los~;

gagagagamarmarmarmarjvejvejvejvebis bis bis bis (warwarwarwarmamamamatetetetebebebebebis mobis mobis mobis mosursursursurvevevevebisbisbisbis): megr. go go go gomormormormorZgviZgviZgviZgvi----

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lo lo lo lo ofeofeofeofeda da da da `gamarjvebuli yofiliyavi, gagemarjvos~; axalaxalaxalaxalSoSoSoSobibibibilislislislis, (sasasasazozozozogagagagadod bavdod bavdod bavdod bavSvisSvisSvisSvis) da da da daloclocloclocvavavava: megr. RoRoRoRo----

ronTronTronTronTq moq moq moq mordasrdasrdasrdas//momomomorderderderdeleleleledas das das das `RmerTma gazardos, gazrdili-yos~, laz. RorRorRorRormomomomoTiq girTiq girTiq girTiq girdasdasdasdas `RmerTma gagizardos~;

sisisisixaxaxaxarurururulis milis milis milis mininininiWeWeWeWebisbisbisbis: megr. `iro gairo gairo gairo gaxaxaxaxarerererebubububuli li li li ofeofeofeofedadadada~ ~ ~ ~ `yo-velTvis gaxarebuli yofiliyavi~, laz. `xexexexelelelelebebebeberi tari tari tari ta;

nanananaTeTeTeTeli moli moli moli momavmavmavmavlislislislis: megr. jgijgijgijgiri dRa gori dRa gori dRa gori dRa goZiZiZiZirrrr Ro Ro Ro RoronTronTronTronTq q q q `RmerTma kargi dRe daganaxos (mogces)~, laz. kakakakaiiiiTe sqiTe sqiTe sqiTe sqidi di di di `kargad, keTilad gecxovros~.

gagagagamravmravmravmravlelelelebisbisbisbis: megr. Ro Ro Ro RoronTronTronTronTq gq gq gq ggagagagamravmravmravmravlaslaslaslas `RmerTma gagam-ravlos~, laz. RorRorRorRormomomomoTiq gomTiq gomTiq gomTiq gombribribribriaaaalaslaslaslas;

babababararararaqisqisqisqis: megr. SiSiSiSiooooSi maSi maSi maSi maranranranrancacacacallllo gio gio gio gifufufufudasdasdasdas `Sios maraniviT afuvdi, aRorZindi (baraqa mogces RmerTma);

momomomosavsavsavsavlilililiaaaanonononobisbisbisbis: megr. brebrebrebreli moli moli moli moiiiiwiwiwiwiuuuudasdasdasdas `bevri mogewios~; mgzavmgzavmgzavmgzavrorororobisbisbisbis: megr. SaSaSaSara do kara do kara do kara do kari xvari xvari xvari xvamemememeli rli rli rli rofuofuofuofudasdasdasdas `Seni

Sara-gza dalocvili yofiliyos~; laz. kakakakaoooobabababaTe moTe moTe moTe moxTiTxTiTxTiTxTiT `kar-gobiT (mSvidobiT) modiT~;

janjanjanjanmrTemrTemrTemrTelolololobisbisbisbis: megr. tantantantansinsinsinsinTeTeTeTele mile mile mile migkogkogkogkoWaWaWaWabu Robu Robu Robu RoronTronTronTronTqqqq `janmrTeloba mogawebos (mogces) RmerTma~, laz. RorRorRorRormomomomoTiq kaTiq kaTiq kaTiq ka----iiiinonononoba meba meba meba megCasgCasgCasgCas `RmerTma janmrTeloba//sikeTe mogces~;

mimimimicvacvacvacvalelelelebubububulis cxolis cxolis cxolis cxonenenenebisbisbisbis: megr. Ro Ro Ro RoronTronTronTronTq oCxoq oCxoq oCxoq oCxonunununuasasasas `RmerTma acxonos~, laz. RorRorRorRormomomomoTiq raxTiq raxTiq raxTiq raxmemememeTi oRoTi oRoTi oRoTi oRodasdasdasdas;

sasasasariririritutututuaaaalolololo: venaxis nayofis, axalnamonagebi Zroxisa da rZis nawarmis, axali tanisamosis Sekervis, saqorwilo dalocvebi;

aRsaniSnavia, rom megrulSi dalocvis formulebsa da frazeologiur gamoTqmebSi umeteswilad monawileobs an igu-lisxmeba leqsikuri komponentebi megrulSi RoRoRoRoronronronronTiTiTiTi `RmerTi~ da jujujujuaaaariririri `jvari~, lazurSi ki _ mxolod RorRorRorRormomomomoTi Ti Ti Ti `RmerTi~.

warmodgenilia leqsikur erTeulTa struqturul-semanti-kuri da sintaqsuri analizi Sesabamisi eqstralingvisturi (kerZod, istoriul-eTnografiuli da folkloruli) masalis gaTvaliswinebiT.

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v av av av a j a S ej a S ej a S ej a S e n g en g en g en g e l i al i al i al i a (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) viviviviTaTaTaTarerererebibibibiTi zmniTi zmniTi zmniTi zmnisarsarsarsarTis paTis paTis paTis pararararalelelelelulululuriririri forforforformemememebi mebi mebi mebi megrulgrulgrulgrulSiSiSiSi

pirveladi zmnisarTebis xvedriTi wili megrul-lazurSi

iseve, rogorc sxva qarTvelur enebSi, didi ar aris; zmnisar-Tebi ZiriTadad saxelisagan aris nawarmoebi sxvadasxva afiqse-bis darTviT. rac Seexeba derivaciul viTarebis zmnisarTebs, maT sawarmoeblad sxvadasxva brunvis niSani gamoiKeneba, ufro xSirad _ gardaqceviTi (viTarebiTi) brunvisa. Taviseburia -asasasas sufiqsiani formebi, romlebic gvxvdeba gardaqceviTi brunvis -oooo sufiqsiani formebis paralelurad (zedsarTavi saxelisagan viTarebis zmnisarTis sawarmoeblad):

mangaroooo º mangarasasasas `magrad~ Zviroooo º Zvirasasasas `Zvirad~ Jgiroooo º Jgirasasasas `kargad~ wKinaroooo º wKnaroooo º wKinarasasasas º wKnarasasasas `wKnarad~ dabaloooo º dabalasasasas zedmiw. `dablad~ maGaloooo º maGalasasasas zedmiw. `maGlad~ efo o o o º efasasasas `iafad~ da sxv. -asasasas sufiqsiani zmnisarTebi -oooo sufiqsianebis paralelurad

gvaqvs gaKofiTgaKofiTgaKofiTgaKofiT3 (ganKofiT Tu ganKofad) ricxviT saxelebSic: jijiroooo º jijirasasasas `or-orad~ susumoooo º susumasasasas `sam-samad~ oTxoTxoooo º oTxoTxasasasas `oTx-oTxad~ xuTuToooo º xuTuTasasasas `xuT-xuTas~ viTiToooo º viTiTasasasas `aT-aTad~ da a. S. -asasasas sufiqsi arc qarTulisaTvis aris ucxo (mag., ioladadadad º

iolasasasas). i. KifSiZes miaCnia, rom -asasasas sufiqsi megrulSi qarT-is eni-

3 termini gaKofiTi ricxviTi saxeli, rogorc rusuli terminis

разделительное имя числительное SesatKvisi, a. arabulma SemogvTavaza.

tipologiurad qarTveluri enebis msgavsi aseTi ricxviTi saxelebi

gamoKofilia Cerqezul enebSi).

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dan Sesuli micemiTis niSania, TviTon qarTulSi ki -asasasas iSvia-Tiao (rogorc Cans, igulisxmeba ZiZiZiZirasrasrasras da pipipipirasrasrasras sitKvebSi warmodgenili -asasasas daboloeba).

vfiqrobT, -asasasas sufiqsi megrulSi, Tanamedrove viTarebis TvalsazrisiT (sinqroniul doneze), unda ganvixiloT rogorc oden derivaciuli sufiqsi, raki is mxolod zmnisarTebis sa-warmoeblad gamoiKeneba

i z a C ai z a C ai z a C ai z a C a n t l an t l an t l an t l a Z eZ eZ eZ e (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) ganuganuganuganusasasasazRvrezRvrezRvrezRvrelolololobiT da uarbiT da uarbiT da uarbiT da uaryoyoyoyofiT nafiT nafiT nafiT nacvalcvalcvalcvalsasasasaxelxelxelxelTaTaTaTa funfunfunfunqciqciqciqciurururur----forforforformobmobmobmobririririvi mivi mivi mivi mimarmarmarmarTeTeTeTebibibibisasasasaTvisTvisTvisTvis qarqarqarqarTuTuTuTuli enis dali enis dali enis dali enis dasavsavsavsavlur dilur dilur dilur diaaaaleqleqleqleqtebtebtebtebSiSiSiSi

specialuri literaturidan karga xania cnobilia, rom ki-TxviTi nacvalsaxelebi warmoadgenen safuZvels mimarTebiT, ganusazRvrelobiT da uaryofiT nacvalsaxelTa warmoebisaTvis qarTvelur enebSi. imis mixedviT, TavSi daerTvis kiTxviT na-cvalsaxels esa Tu is nawilaki, Tu boloSi, vRebulobT uar-yofiT, mimarTebiT an ganusazRvrelobiT nacvalsaxels. vfiq-robT, amgvari formawarmoebis wesi unda ganapirobebdes am ukanasknelTa funqciur aRrevas qarTuli enis aWarulsa da gurul dialeqtebSi. damaxasiaTebelia, rom amgvar viTarebas, Cveulebriv, adgili aqvs dialogis dros, swored kiTxviTi wi-nadadebis pasuxad, Tumca arc sxva SemTxvevebia gamoricxuli:

_ nino, aris vinvinvinvinmemememe iq? _ ara, vinvinvinvinmemememe ar aris iq (Sdr. saliteraturo qarTulis

`ara, araaraaraaravinvinvinvin aris iq~); vinvinvinvinmemememe ar wasula baTumSi (Sdr. araaraaraaravinvinvinvin wasula baTumSi); Cems meti vinvinvinvinme me me me ver gaakeTebda amas (Sdr. Cems meti araaraaraaravinvinvinvin

gaakeTebda amas); vinvinvinvinmemememe ver damaZalebs swavlas (Sdr. veveveverarararavinvinvinvin damaZalebs

swavlas); rarararamemememe ar gadamixdia bazarSi (Sdr. araaraaraarafefefeferiririri gadamixdia

bazarSi).

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vfiqrobT, Cven mier gaaanalizebuli monacemebis safuZveli martooden martivi aRreva ar unda iyos. Tu gavixsenebT mTis iberiul-kavkasiur enebs, aRmoCndeba, rom iq (garda bacburisa) saerTod ar gvaqvs aranairi uaryofiTi nacvalsaxeli da roca saWiroa Sesabamisi semantikis gadmocema, isini iyeneben metaf-rasul warmoebas, romelSic warmmarTvelia zmnis uaryofiT formasTan dakavSirebuli ganusazRvrelobiTi nacvalsaxeli (d. imnaiSvili, ar. martirosovi). ase rom, aWarulsa da gu-rulSi mosalodnelia arqaul viTarebasTan gvqondes saqme (igive sakiTxi Seswavlil unda iqnas qarTvelur enaTa sxva di-aleqtebis mimarTac).

m em em em e r a b C ur a b C ur a b C ur a b C u x u ax u ax u ax u a (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) vnevnevnevnebibibibiToToToTobis sbis sbis sbis s.----qarTvqarTvqarTvqarTv. ----av niav niav niav niSaSaSaSani dani dani dani da mimimimisi Sesi Sesi Sesi Sesasasasatyvityvityvityvisi zasi zasi zasi zanurnurnurnurSiSiSiSi

moxsenebaSi warmodgenilia vnebiTi gvaris daboloebaTa ge-nezisis cda qarTvelur ena-kiloebSi. gansakuTrebiT sayura-dRebo Cans zanurSi gamovlenili -u sufiqsis warmomavlobis dadgena qarTulis sa-Tanado maCveneblebTan mimarTebiT. Cveni TvalsazrisiT, megrul-lazurSi sxvadasxva warmomavlobis -u dasturdeba. esenia:

1. statikurobis -u formanti, qarTuli -a sufiqsis kanon-zomieri fone-tikur-struqturul-funqciuri Sesatyvisi: qarT. C-a-s/n : megr.-laz. Cq-u-n; qarT. dg-a-s/n : megr.-laz. dg-u-n...

2. qarT. -ia (Zv. qarT. -ies) daboloebis funqciuri Sesa-tyvisi: qarT. mi-wer-ies/ia : zan. miWar-u-n tipisa, romlis zus-ti fonet.-struqturul-funqciuri Sesatyvisi dRes mxolod mTis dialeqtebSia SemorCenili, Sdr. xevs. x-b-av : zan. gi-o-b-u `abia, hkidia~. am SemTxvevaSi saanalizo -av sufiqss araferi aqvs saerTo kl-av-s tipis zmnebis -av Temis niSanTan, es ukanas-kneli sxva warmoSobisaa: -av *-am. Sdr. agreTve kl-av-s, magram a-xl-av-s. e.i. sakuTriv qarTulSi moxda cvlileba, moiSala, m/v

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korelacia fonetikuri procesis gamo, arada istoriulad -av/-am morfo-logiuri opozicia realurad funqcionirebda qarTul-Si, rac m-s v-Si gadasvlis gamo mogvianebiT iqna neitralize-buli. es procesi Tbilisur (da sxva) metyvelebaSi bolomdea gatarebuli. da swored amis gamo Se-mogvrCa, albaT, ase cota -am TemisniSniani zmnebi qarTul salitera-turo enaSi;

3. uZveles qarTulSi Tb-eb-a tipis vnebiTebis amosavali saxe *tb-av-n/s agebulebisa unda yofiliyo, Sdr. megr.-laz. tub-u-n/tib-u-n `Tbeba~.

m em em em e r i c i nr i c i nr i c i nr i c i n c ac ac ac a Z eZ eZ eZ e (baTumi. S. rusTavelis saxelmwifo universiteti) papapapararararalelelelelulululuri forri forri forri formemememebi Savbi Savbi Savbi SavSeSeSeSeTisTisTisTis qarqarqarqarTulTulTulTul memememetyvetyvetyvetyvelelelelebabababaSi Si Si Si ((((fofofofonenenenetitititikakakaka))))

SavSeTis mkvidrTa qarTuli metyveleba xasiaTdeba parale-lur enobriv formaTa simravliT.

farTod aris gavrcelebuli zmniswinis, zmnis fuZiseuli xmovnebisa da xmovani prefiqsis Sexvedris Sedegad momxdari fonetikuri procesebi _ xmovanTa kompleqsebis monacvleoba, umetesad asimilaciis safuZvelze.

• xSiria erTi da imave fuZis zmnebis nawilobrivi da sruli asimilaciis formebi, zogjer erTi da imave piris me-tyvelebaSi (vimowmebT mxolod sityvebs): degviSres//digviSres, gemixdeba//gimixdeba, gegiars//gigiarda, deminaxeT//diminaxeT, go-ukeTa//guukeTebia, mourevT//muurevT, SuurevT.

• erTmaneTis gverdiTaa maasimilirebeli xmovandakarguli da xmovniani formebi: gevipare//gevpare, deviwavle//devwavle, deviRale//devRale.

• dasturdeba momomomo- zmniswiniani pirveli da meore obieq-turi pirebis sasxviso qcevis nawilobrivi da sruli asimila-ciis formaTa monacvleoba, momomomo---- emsgavseba mimimimi- zmniswins: memia-roso(momiaroso)//mimiara, momitana//memitana//mimitana, mogita-

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ne//migitane, mogikvdeba//megikvdeba, mogviyvana//mivgiyvana (wyali). • paraleluri formebi dasturdeba TanxmovanTa asimila-

ciis SemTTxvevebSic: gobSi//gofSi, momktara//momkdara, ocdaa-Ti//ozdaaTi, mogcemda//moqcemden.

• Zalian bevri paraleluri forma axlavs bgeris dakargvas, CarTvas, substitucias, metaTeziss, nawilobriv _ Serwymas:

bgeris dakargva: Zali//rZali, awavle//aswavle, swored//wo-reTac, weliwadi//welwadi, aris//ari, ade//adeq//adeqi, mive//mi-vec//miveci, dodofal davniSnavT//dodofals qi (rom) me?yvan; Tavi tkivili geqneba//Tavis tkivili mec mWirs.

bgeris CarTva: cxovrobda//mcxovroben, yvelaferi//yvelamferi. substitucia: ratom//raton, simavrma//simamrma, damaviwyda//

damabiwyda, maxsovs//maxsons, endomeba//endoneba. metaTezisi: gasxnis//gaxsnes, imRereben//iRmereben, rva//vra,

ocdarva//ocdavra, vWamT//WvamT,WvamoT, vsamobT(vcekvavT)//svamobT, vxedavT//xvedavT, vTesavT//TvesavT, vurevT// me limon uvrev.

bgeraTa Serwyma: yvavili//yovili, komli//kvamli. etyve-ba//etyoba, Cven//Con, qvemoT//qomo, daCveuli>daCvevli//daCovli.

paraleluri formebi ufro meti Cans morfologiaSi. bev-ria agreTve erTi da imave mniSvnelobis Turquli da Sesatyvi-si qarTuli leqsikuri erTeuli.

n in in in i n en en en e l i W ol i W ol i W ol i W o x ox ox ox o n en en en e l il il il i Z eZ eZ eZ e (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) kakakakakabkabkabkab----sisisisityvis omotyvis omotyvis omotyvis omoninininimumumumuri cari cari cari calelelelebisbisbisbis warmowarmowarmowarmomavmavmavmavlolololobibibibisasasasaTvis qarTvis qarTvis qarTvis qarTuTuTuTuli enisli enisli enisli enis didididiaaaaleqleqleqleqtebtebtebtebSi Si Si Si

kakakakakakakakabibibibi1111 [Perdix] variis tola gareuli frinveli. `ƒma-yo k a -k a b m a n ~ (ieremias wina-swarmetyveleba). kakana k a k a b i maxeSi Cavardebao (andaza). zogi mkvlevari am sityvas aRmosavlur enebidan nasesxebad miiCnevs. Käbk `tyis qaTami~ (iu. abulaZe, al. baramiZe, p. ingoroyva); zogi xmabaZviTad Tvlis (g. meliqiSvili).

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kakakakakabkabkabkab----iiii\\a2 (qarTl., kax.) xis sadgami, romelzedacaa damag-rebuli qarTuli guTnis frTa (`dial.~). gamoTqmulia mosazreba, rom kakabkakabkakabkakab-iiii\\a2 s.-qarTv. *kakkakkakkak-abababab- `dire, mori~ → qarT. kakabi \\ kakaba: svan. kikber (m. Cuxua). Cveni azriT ki es sityva kompozitia. kakakakakakakakabi bi bi bi ← gadat. kakakakakikikiki((((aaaa))))bebebeberararara.... kakakakakikikikibebebeberararara (lCx.) samzareulo saxlSi Suacecxlis pirdapir zeviT gakeTe-buli dire, romelzedac saqvabe hkidia. kompozitis pirveli nawili igive unda iyos, rac saerTo qarTveluri Ziri kakkakkakkak---- (kak-v-i, mo-kak-v-a da sxv.) (h. fenrixi, z. sarjvelaZe); meore na-wili ber-ki unda gamoiyofodes sityvaSi bebebeberararara: 1. (qsn. qarTl.) Tivis dasamagrebeli xe marxilze; 2. (leCx.) wberis (WaWis sa-wnexi manqanis nawili). berberberber-s Sesatyvisi eZebneba svanurSi. berberberber _ frTebiani ficari. R�nwuSi ber (bz.) kavis frTebiani fica-ri. zuha CuqamSxen bers xosg…red (bq. 229) _ kavis moxril mxars qvemodan _ frTebian ficars vukeTebT (vusvamT) (v. To-furia, m. qaldani). iiii\\aaaa-s monacvleoba da rrrr-s Semcveli mar-cvlis dakargva qarTulisTvis damaxasiaTebeli procesebia.

kakakakakakakakabibibibi3333 (raW.) saceri. vfiqrobT, am mniSvnelobis kakabi kav-SirSi unda iyos laTinuris `qvabis~ aRmniSvnel caccabus-Tan.

n in in in i n o x an o x an o x an o x a x ix ix ix i a Sa Sa Sa S v iv iv iv i l il il il i (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) sisisisityva mzestyva mzestyva mzestyva mzesTan daTan daTan daTan dakavkavkavkavSiSiSiSirerererebubububulililili xaxaxaxatotototovavavavani sini sini sini sityvatyvatyvatyva----TqmaTqmaTqmaTqmanininini

enas mWidro kavSiri aqvs azrovnebasa da kulturasTan, es kavSiri ganapirobebs enaTmecnierebis kavSirs filosofia-fsi-qologiasTan, erTi mxriv, da istoria _ eTnografiasTan, meo-re mxriv. arn. Ciqobava aRniSnavda, rom enis Seswavla kultu-rasa da azrovnebasTan kavSirSi, `esaa yvelaze arsebiTis Se-swavla enaSi, da, maSasadame, yvelaze mniSvnelovani: ufro mniS-vnelovani Teoriuli amocana enaTmecnierebas arc hqonia da arc aqvs~.

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mze Tavisi ZiriTadi Tvisebebis (naTeba-sxivosnobis, `moZra-obis~, sicocxlis moniWebis, silamazis, garegani gamosaxulebis (formis) mixedviT aisaxa universaliebis saxiT sxvadasxva xalx-Ta enaSi, miTossa (mzis cxovelebi: cxeni, iremi, lomi...) da simbolur ornamentebSi (mbrunavi jvari, borjRali...).

qarTuli enis monacemebi saintereso suraTs gvaZlevs am TvalsazrisiT. gansakuTrebiT sayuradReboa dialeqturi masa-la: mzemzemzemzeze size size size siaaaarurururulililili, sasasasamzemzemzemzeos yofos yofos yofos yofnananana, mzis yu mzis yu mzis yu mzis yurererereba ba ba ba `sicocxle, arseboba~, mzis gamzis gamzis gamzis gaqroqroqroqrobabababa, mzis damzis damzis damzis dabnebnebnebnelelelelebabababa, mzis damzis damzis damzis dadgodgodgodgomamamama, mzis mzis mzis mzis CaCaCaCasvesvesvesveneneneneba ba ba ba `sikvdili, gardacvaleba~, mziT gamziT gamziT gamziT gauuuumamamamaZRaZRaZRaZRari ri ri ri `visac moxucebulobamde ar ucxovria~, mzegmzegmzegmzegrererereZeZeZeZelolololoba ba ba ba `dRegrZeloba... mzebmzebmzebmzebZaZaZaZanenenenebabababani ni ni ni (TuS., fS.) `saRamo, mzis Casvlis xani, mwuxri~ (g. cocan.), mzemzemzemzegagagagadedededenananana (xevs.) `saRamo xani, roca Crdilebi mdina-ris meore mxares gadava~ (al. Win.W.), ziwziwziwziwververververna na na na (z. aWar.) `mzis amosvla~ (S. niJar.), mzemzemzemzeaaaamamamamadedededenananana, , , , mzemzemzemzeaaaamae mae mae mae (xevs.) `mzis amosvlis dro~ (al. WinW.)...

mze _ amindis amsaxvel leqsikaSi: mzemzemzemzeavavavavdadadadara ra ra ra (raW.), mzemzemzemzekakakaka----ra ra ra ra (qarTl.), mze pirs ibansmze pirs ibansmze pirs ibansmze pirs ibans...

mze _ silamazis wyaro, simbolo: mzimzimzimzisasasasadadadadariririri, mzemzemzemzeWaWaWaWabubububukikikiki, mzemzemzemzeTuTuTuTunanananaxaxaxaxavivivivi... mzemzemzemzekakakakababababanininini (fS., kax.) `yanas rom qari uqris, aRelvebs da sxvadasxva fers iRebs, imas hqvia mzekabani~ (a. Wyon.), niavis SeqrolebiT mravalfrad abibinebuli yana (n. zu-kak., e. xuciSv.).

mze _ grZnobis, sixarulisa da mwuxarebis amsaxvel gamo-naTqvamebSi: pirs mze depirs mze depirs mze depirs mze deeeeefifififinenenenebisbisbisbis, mze cxrakmze cxrakmze cxrakmze cxrakniT amauƒdeniT amauƒdeniT amauƒdeniT amauƒdebis bis bis bis (xevs.) `Zalian gauxardeba~, mzis ukuRm Caƒdomzis ukuRm Caƒdomzis ukuRm Caƒdomzis ukuRm Caƒdoma ma ma ma (xevs.) `didi mwuxareba, ubedureba~... mze _ ficilsa da wyevlis formuleb-Si: dadadadaRaRaRaRalululululis mzis madllis mzis madllis mzis madllis mzis madlma ma ma ma (xevs.) qalebis ficia: `mTeli dRe caze siaruliT daRlil (`dedasTan rom brundeba~), mzis madls geficebi (Sdr. m. janaSv.: mzismzismzismzismamamama) (al. WinW.)... da mravali sxv.

qarTul enasa da mis dialeqtebSi mzesTan dakavSirebuli daunjebuli masala sagulisxmoa rogorc originaluri warmo-dgena-Sexedulebebis, ise sxva enebTan tipologiuri msgavsebis TvalsazrisiT.

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c ic ic ic i r a j a nr a j a nr a j a nr a j a n j R aj R aj R aj R a v av av av a (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti)

memememegrugrugrugruli koli koli koli koCi Ci Ci Ci `̀̀̀kakakakacicicici~ ~ ~ ~ nanananawarwarwarwarmomomomoebebebeb leqleqleqleqsisisisikur erkur erkur erkur erTeTeTeTeuuuuleblebleblebSiSiSiSi

1. megruli koCkoCkoCkoC-s, romelsac Sesatyvisebi eZebneba qarTul-sa da svanurSi, qarTuli kackackackac-is yvela mniSvneloba moepoveba: `adamiani; mamakaci; msaxuri, yma; Sikriki; vinme...~ amave dros, aRsaniSnavia, is Tavisebureba rasac is brunebisas amJRavnebs, kerZod, micemiTSi brunvis niSnis win fuZiseuli cccc-s dakargva (mic. ko-s `kacs~); mravlobiTic Taviseburad gadmoicema _ mo-salodneli kokokokoCefCefCefCef-is paralelurad da ufro xSiradac sxva fuZe kakakakaTaTaTaTa gamoiyeneba, e. i. supletivizmTan gvaqvs saqme. sakma-od mravalferovania koCkoCkoCkoC fuZis sityvawarmoebiTi SesaZleblo-bani, saxeldobr, misi gamoyeneba derivatebsa da kompozitebSi.

2. koCkoCkoCkoC-isagan axali sityvebi iwarmoeba rogorc sufiqse-biT, ise prefiqsisa da prefiqs-sufiqsis gamoyenebiT.

-anaanaanaana || -obaobaobaoba: koCaaaanananana || koCoooobabababa `kacoba~ -urururur || -ierierierier: koCuuuurrrri || koCanieeeerrrri `kacuri~, koCobuuuurrrri `kacis

msgavsi, kaciseburi~ -amamamam: koCaaaammmmi `kaciani~ -oooo: koCamoooo `kacianad~, koCuroooo `kacurad~ -obaobaobaoba: koCiSoooobabababa `kacobrioba, mTeli qveyana~, zedmiw. `kaci-

soba~, koCiSoooobabababas `dasabamidan, kacis gaCenis dRidan~ uuuu-: ukoCoba `uuuukacoba~ nananana _ uuuu: nanananakoCanuuuu `navaJkacari, kacis namoqmedari~ sasasasa _ oooo || sasasasa _ eeee: sasasasakoCoooo || sasasasakoCeeee `sakaco~ 3. koCkoCkoCkoC-is monawileobiT iqmneba mravali kompoziti, amasTan,

metwil SemTxvevaSi koCkoCkoCkoC- fuZe kompozitis meore komponentia. qomolkokokokoCiCiCiCi `vaJkaci~ (amave mniSvnelobiT paralelurad

ixmareba qoqoqoqomomomomolililili) osurkokokokoCCCCi `qali, qalbatoni~ (amave mniSvnelobiT gamoiyeneba

osuosuosuosuriririri || osurosurosurosurpapapapatotototonininini || adaadaadaadamimimimiaaaanininini) baRanakokokokoCCCCi `axalgazrda kaci~, zedmiw. `bavSv-kaci~ jimakokokokoCCCCi `Zmakaci~ dudkokokokoCCCCi `Tavkaci, ufrosi~

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didkokokokoCCCCi `didi kaci, maRali Tanamdebobis piri~ gurkokokokoCCCCi `guliani, gulTbili kaci~ irikokokokoCCCCi || irkokokokoCCCCi `yvela~, zedmiw. `yvela kaci~ oCo-kokokokoCCCCi `tyis kaci~, zedmiw. `vacad-kaci~ (zRapruli, mavne

arseba, romelic tyeSi binadrobs). kokokokoCCCCiyintu `kaciWamia~, zedmiw. `kacis mylapavi~ kokokokoCCCCiSSuri || kokokokoCCCCiSuri `aravin~, zedmiw. `kacis suli~ kokokokoCCCCisqua `kaciSvili; adamiani~ koCkoCkoCkoCmiTini `aravin~, zedmiw. `kaci aravin~ kokokokoCCCCurkokokokoCCCCana `kacurkacoba~ gakompozitebulia mimarTvis forma (yofili Sesityveba):

sikokokokoCCCCi || sakokokokoCCCCi! (Sekvecilad _ sikokokoko!) `Se kaco!~ 4. koCkoCkoCkoC fuZisagan iwarmoeba zmnebi: akokokokoCCCCens `akacebs~ kokokokoCCCCa-

nens || kokokokoCCCCens `kacobs~, ikokokokoCCCCebu `kacdeba~... 5. kokokokoCiCiCiCi megrulSi sakuTar saxeladac gamoiyeneba, gansakuTre-

biT _ sxvadasxva sufiqsiT gaformebuli: kokokokoCaCaCaCa, kokokokoCCCCoia, kokokokoCCCCoba, kokokokoCCCCina...

n in in in i n o j o rn o j o rn o j o rn o j o r b eb eb eb e n an an an a Z eZ eZ eZ e (Tbilisi. arn. Ciqobavas sax. enaTmecnierebis instituti) didididiaaaaleqleqleqleqtiztiztiztizmemememebi sabi sabi sabi sasasasasaububububro mero mero mero metyvetyvetyvetyvelelelelebabababaSiSiSiSi ((((ininininterterterternetnetnetnet----mamamamasasasasalis salis salis salis safuZfuZfuZfuZvelvelvelvelzezezeze) ) ) )

samecniero literaturaSi aRniSnulia, rom `qalaquri me-tyvelebisaTvis damaxasiaTeblad unda miviCnioT a) sxvadasxva dialeqtur metyvelebaTa Tavmoyra; 2) ucxoenovani metyvelebis arseboba.~ (b. jorbenaZe). iqve dazustebulia: `qalaqSi iqmneba enobrivi konglomerati sxvadasxva dialeqturi metyvelebisa, uxvad Sezavebuli ucxoenovani elementebiT. es enobrivi kon-glomerati TandaTanobiT iwmindeba, mkveTri sxvaobani nivelir-deba, msgavseba win wamoiweva, warmoiqmneba axali erTianoba, Taviseburi nairsaxeoba ZiriTadi enobrivi sistemisa... ase warmoqmnili qalaquri metyveleba kilour nairsaxeobas iZleva

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ukve socialuri fenebis mixedviT~. magram, cnobilia, rom ena cocxali organizmia, is mudmiv

cvlilebas ganicdis da amisken yvelaze didi tendencia swo-red dialeqtebs, da, maT Soris ki, swored rom qalaqur, sasa-ubro metyvelebas aqvs. garda obieqturi mizezebisa, amaze su-bieqturi faqtoric axdens gavlenas _ es yvelasagan gamoyofi-sa da individualurobisaken swrafvis tendenciaa. Sedegad Tavs iCens sapirispiro movlena _ `dawmendil~ da `sxvaobanive-lirebul~ monacemSi SemoiWreba axali dialeqturi erTeuli Tu ucxo leqsika...

Tavad qalaquri, am SemTxvevaSi, Tbilisuri sasaubro me-tyvelebis kargad dokumentirebul suraTs internetSi ganTav-sebuli vebgverdebi gvaZlevs; gansakuTrebiT, iseTebi, sadac ama Tu im komentaris dadebaa SesaZlebeli. am mxriv Cveni intere-sis sfero erTi konkretuli saiti _ `feisbuqi~ gaxda, sadac am mxriv unikaluri masalis mopovebaa SesaZlebeli _ am veb-gverdis ZiriTadi funqcia sxvadasxva momxmareblis mier sxva-dasxva informaciis, videomasalisa Tu audioCanaweris gavrce-lebaa; Semdeg ki maTze komentarebis dadebac xerxdeba. radgan aRniSnuli procesi spontanuria da gansaTavsebeli masalis ar-Cevanic _ sruliad SeuzRudavi, vebgverdze dafiqsirebuli enobrivi masalac sasaubro metyvelebis karg nimuSebs gviCve-nebs; da zepiri metyvelebisgan gansxvavebiT mas erTi upirate-sobac aqvs: vinaidan es yvelaferi aq Canaweris saxiTaa mocemu-li, suraTi ufro naTeli da sainteresoa _ is, rac zepir me-tyvelebaSi SeiZleba garkveviT ar ismodes, aq dokumenturad, TiToeuli asos zusti gadmocemiT aris warmodgenili; sainte-resoa TiToeuli erTeulisaTvis Sesabamisi aso-bgerobrivi ek-vivalentebis SerCevis kriteriumebic...

aRniSnuli metyvelebis mTavar maxasiaTeblad unda miviCni-oT dialeqturi leqsikisa da, zog SemTxvevaSi, aseve, morfo-logiur-sintaqsuri SemTxvevebis siWarbe. SeiniSneba ucxo ena-Ta leqsikidan Semosuli erTeulebis simravlec, Tumca es uka-naskneli amjerad Cveni ganxilvis sagans ar Seadgens...

dialeqturi leqsikis analizisas gasamijnia ori SemTxveva: 1. roca aRniSnuli leqsikis siWarbe Temis saWiroebas moaqvs

(mag., kaxur dialeqtze gadasvla rTvelze saubrisas);

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2. rodesac dialeqturi leqsika Temisgan damoukideblad Semodis saubarSi da is xSirad ama Tu im individis metyvelebis zogad maxasiaTebladac ki SeiZleba miviCnioT.

SevniSnavT, rom metyvelebis aRniSnuli Taviseburebebi, Zi-riTadad, 20-dan 45 wlamde asakis, socialurad sxvadasxva jgu-fis (mecnierebi, mwerlebi, poetebi, Jurnalistebi, sxvadasxva saxelmwifo dawesebulebebSi momuSave pirebi...) momxmarebleb-Sia dafiqsirebuli; Tumca, mkveTri asakobriv-socialuri sa-zRvrebis dadgena aq ar xerxdeba... dialeqturi leqsikis mo-xmoba stiluri mizezebiTaa gamowveuli, riTac momxmarebeli, amavdroulad, sakuTar individualurobasa da ganaTlebas (ker-Zod, am SemTxvevaSi dialeqturi _ aseve ucxoenovani leqsikis gamoyenebisas _ ucxo enebis _ masalis codna) usvams xazs.

magaliTisaTvis warmovadgenT ramdenime tipobriv leqsikur erTeuls, romlebic yvelaze xSirad gvxvdeba aRniSnul veb-gverdze da Sesabamisad, zepir sasaubro metyvelebaSic:

fofofofonenenenetitititikukukukurad cvlirad cvlirad cvlirad cvlili sili sili sili sityvetyvetyvetyvebibibibi: gogogogogugugugueeeebi bi bi bi (gogonebi), balbalbalbalReReReRebibibibi (bavSvebi), bubububuzuzuzuzuka ka ka ka (musika), SaSaSaSafafafafa----Ti Ti Ti Ti (SabaTi), kakakakapepepepeiiiiki ki ki ki (kapiki), sasasasamse mse mse mse (savse), sasasasacxa cxa cxa cxa (sadRac), exa exa exa exa (axla), isisisisTe Te Te Te (ise), rarararafer fer fer fer (rogor), rererereiiiiza za za za (ratom)... sasasasakuTkuTkuTkuTriv diriv diriv diriv diaaaaleqleqleqleqtutututuri leqri leqri leqri leqsisisisikakakaka: dadadadaZoZoZoZoZiZiZiZiaaaalolololobenbenbenben, gagagagahkokhkokhkokhkokramramramramdadadada, mo mo mo modRledRledRledRlezizizizilililili, iWi iWi iWi iWifxefxefxefxebabababa, mak mak mak makvavavavaranranranran----cxobscxobscxobscxobs... zmnezmnezmnezmnebi cvlibi cvlibi cvlibi cvlili zmnisli zmnisli zmnisli zmniswiwiwiwininininiseseseseuuuuli xmovli xmovli xmovli xmovnenenenebiTbiTbiTbiT: gogogogouSuSuSuSvanvanvanvan, go go go gododododouuuuxaxaxaxadosdosdosdos, SuSuSuSuuyuyuyuyvarvarvarvardidididi, ma ma ma mamimimimiTxoTxoTxoTxoviaviaviavia, me me me meiiiicacacaca, ma ma ma maiiiicacacaca, gegegegeiiiitatatataneTneTneTneT... da mravali sxva...

bolos davZenT, rom stilizaciisa da sakuTari individua-lurobis gamokveTis mizniT sasaubro metyvelebaSi qarTuli dialeqtebis monacemebis keTilgonivrul da motivirebul mo-xmobas, albaT, mxolod da mxolod unda mivesalmoT.