Typhoid Fever Para Present

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     Typhoid Fever

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    Introduction

     Typhoid fever, also known as “Tipos” (inlaymen’s term), is one of the most commonworldwide illness most specically in thirdworld country such as ours, this is a question

    of sanitation since this disease is transmittedthrough ingestion of food or water which isimproperly prepared and contaminated withthe feces of an infected person, that contains

    the acterium !almonella enterica, serovar Typhi" The said acteria perforates throughthe intestinal wall and grows est at #$ %&'

    %F human ody temperature"

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     Typhoid fever is characteri*ed y+

    • a slowly progressive fever as high as- %& (.- %F)

    • profuse sweating, gastroenteritis

    • nonloody diarrhea"

    • less commonly, a rash of /at, rose0colored spots may appear"

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    • &ommon causes of transmission are /yinginsects most specically /ies feeding on feces

    that may occasionally transfer the acteriathrough poor hygiene haits and pulicsanitation conditions" 1 person may ecomean asymptomatic carrier of typhoid fever,

    su2ering no symptoms, ut capale ofinfecting others" 3iagnosis is made y anylood, one marrow or stool cultures and the

    4idal test" !anitation and hygiene are the

    critical measures that can e taken toprevent typhoid" Typhoid does not a2ectanimals and therefore transmission is onlyfrom human to human"

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    •  The rediscovery of oral rehydrationtherapy in the .5-s provided asimple way to prevent many of thedeaths of diarrheal diseases ingeneral" 4here resistance is

    uncommon, the treatment of choiceis a /uoroquinolone such ascipro/o6acin otherwise7 a third0

    generation cephalosporin such asceftria6one or cefota6ime is the rstchoice"

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    8atient9s 8role

    :ame+ 8";"

    1ge+ 55 years old

    &ivil !tatus + widowed

    , >-.?

    communicale ward

    &omplaints + Fever, cough

    Ampression'3iagnosis + Typhoid fever

    8hysician + 3r" :eda Batic

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    Health History

    • Crs" 8";" is a Filipina, !he lives at !itio sausan san remegiotogether with his son and daughter, who looks after her" !hesometimes forgets to wash her hands prior to eating"

    • $ days prior to admission, Crs" 8";" had an intermittent fever(#D0#%&), with adominal pain and nausea and vomiting,condition was tolerated" The ne6t day, patient still has feveraccompanied y productive cough, yellow phlegm, diEcult toe6pectorate and with adominal pain" 8atient was thenrought y her !"" to a private medical doctor and wasprescried y some medications" Fever was then decreased

    ut still with persistent cough" 8atient was told to come ackafter ? days" 1fter ? days, patient still has fever and theprivate doctor requested a !almonella test, after the testwent positive,

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    Functional HealthPatterns

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    Health Perception/ Health Management Pattern

    Before admission, Mrs. P.E. isa healthy grandmother, She isnot conscious about healthpractices such as ashinghands before eating. Her

    Siblings !erbali"es that she ishealthy that is ithout anyma#or illnesses.

    $pon P.E. admission, She alsobecomes !ery sensiti!ebecause of his presentcondition. She is afraid thatthe health personnel might

    in#ect and hurt her. Mrs.P.E.has fe!er and his bodytemperature ranges from %&'%()*. +o manage suchcondition, his aunt performstepid sponge bath and he has

    an antipyretic P- fortemperature greater than%&)*.

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    -utritional'Metabolic Pattern

    Mrs. P.E. has a big appetitebefore admission, he usuallyate !egetables and duringmealtime he eats !egetablesand rice and sometimes dried

    sh.

    uring his admission here in0SMM* Mrs. P.E. is on diet astolerated. Her S.1. gi!es herrice, sh, !egetables andsome fruits. But, only eats a

    little because she hasdecreased in appetite due toher condition. He only eats ama2imum of 3 tablespoonsper meal. Hoe!er, he drin4sa lot of ater. He e2periences

    abdominal pain

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    Elimination Pattern

    Mrs. P.E. defecates once a dayand ha!e not encounteredproblems in urinaryelimination prior toadmission.

    She cannot really control herelimination pattern ell thatis hy he is still earingdiapers and he urinates moreoften. He can consume 3'5

    diapers in one shift.Sometimes, he is constipatedbecause he cannot defecateithin 6 days.

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    7cti!ity/ E2ercise Pattern

    Before admission, Mrs.P.E. is a !ery acti!e hospends most of her timecleaning the house.

    -o the patient8s mo!ementsseemed ea4. She 4eeps onlying don. Sometimes, shesits up on his bed or as4s hisaunty to cuddle him. He

    mo!es sloly e!ery time heeats or does something. Sheis assisted by her S.1. e!erytime he attempts to sit up.Her past time inside his roomis #ust atching other

    patients since there is notele!ision.

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    *ogniti!e / Perceptual Pattern

    Prior to admission, She lo!eto read nespapers.

    during hospitali"ation shealays on bed lying

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    est / Sleep Pattern

    Prior to admission, she ne!erhad problems ith sleepbecause she sleep early atnight.

    uring admission, sometimesthe patient8s sleep isdisturbed due to abdominalpain and feeling of coldhene!er she ould ha!e

    fe!er again. She also a4esup e!ery time a healthpersonnel comes the room.

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    Self perception pattern

    Before admission the patientthin4s she is lo!ed and caredby her S.1. and feels secure.

    uring admission the patientthin4s that she really needsmore attention from her S.1.because he is not feeling !eryell. She 4nos that she has

    an illness and thus he mustnot be left by her S1 thin4ingthat he ould be orse if sheis left by the S.1.

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    *oping 9 Stress +olerance Pattern

    Before and during admission, his coping mechanism is tosleep e!ery time she doesn8t feel ell. 7nd hen there arethings done to her that she doesn8t li4e, she read nespaperas a ay of coping.

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    0alue 9 Belief Pattern

    +he Patient8s !alues and beliefs is basically the same beforeand during admission. She does pay much attention onpraying, She can recite the Prayer before meals and Prayerbefore sleep. Patient goes to mass e!ery Sundays, but thereare times that they can8t attend mass due to some

    uncontrolled circumstances. She doesn8t blame :od ith hishospitali"ation.

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    3rug !tudy

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    -ame of rug,*lassication,oute,Fre;uency andosage

    rug Indication rug 7ction -ursingesponsibility

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    -ame of rug,*lassication, oute,Fre;uency andosage

    rug Indication rug 7ction

    -ame of rug+&ipro/o6a6inBrand -ame+&iprota

    *lassication+

    1ntiiotics:roup+Fluoraquinolone

    Anfections caused y!" typhi*ontraindications+Jypersensitivity,renal disease, severehepatic disorder

    + Kinds to ?-sriosomal suunitwhich interfers withorinhiits proteinsynthesis"

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    IS*H7:E P>7- 1F *7E

    ?ey 7rea Plan of *are

    ." :utrition &ontinue advice of soft diet asprescried y the physician,encourage patient to eatnutritious food, and avoid street

    foods to avoid possile of havingtyphoid fever"

    >" 1ctivity ;ncourage patient or instructmother of daily e6ercise, avoidsleeping late hours, preventsactivity that causes trauma or

    inLury

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    IS*H7:E P>7- 1F *7E

    ?ey 7rea Plan of *are

    #" !elf &are ' knowledge ontreatments

    Anstructed hygienic measures(e"g" proper hand washing, eforeand after eating and urinate anddefecate, as well as proper

    grooming)" Cedication 1dvise to continue medication as

    prescried y the doctor"

    ?" Follow up check ups To come ack as prescried y

    the doctor"