TUGAS AKHIR SISTEM PEMBERSIH KANDANG AYAM …repository.untag-sby.ac.id/5470/3/Abstrack.pdfPEBERSIH...

TUGAS AKHIR

SISTEM PEMBERSIH KANDANG AYAM OTOMATIS

BERBASIS IOT

Diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar

Sarjana Komputer di Program Studi Informatika

Oleh :

Desandy Hadina Muhatadin

1461600112

PROGRAM STUDI INFORMATIKA

FAKULTAS TEKNIK

UNIVERSITAS 17 AGUSTUS 1945 SURABAYA

2020

v

KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur hanya kepada Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala yang Maha Esa

lagi Maha Kuasa yang senantiasa melimpahkan Rahmat dan HidayahNya

sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan Tugas Akhir yang berjudul “SISTEM

PEBERSIH KANDANG AYAM OTOMATIS BERBASIS IOT” sebagai salah

satu persyaratan untuk menyelesaikan studi di Universitas 17 Agustus 1945

Surabaya dan mendapatkan gelar Sarjana komputer, penulis menyadari bahwa

tanpa kuasa Allah dan support dari orang tua serta do’a dari beberapa kawan dari

masa perkuliahan sampai pada penyusunan tugas akhir ini, penulis akan kesulitan

untuk menyelesaikan penilisan Tugas Akhir ini dengan baik.

Selain itu penulis ingin menyampaikan terima kasih yang mendalam

kepada pihak-phak berikut:

1. Keluarga tercinta, Bapak dan Ibu penulis yang selalu mendoakan,

memotivasi, memperhatikan, dan melengkapkan segala keperluan hingga

terselesaikannya Tugas Akhir ini.

2. Bapak Ir. Agus Darwanto, MM. selaku dosen pembimbing, yang telah

memberikan petunjuk, pengarahan, semangat serta bimbingan dari awal

pembuatan sistem.

3. Bapak Dosen Wali yang telah membimbing dan mengarahkan saya selama

studi di Untag Surabaya ini.

4. Teman-teman keluarga besar UKMKI UNTAG Surabaya yang menjadi

motivasi penulis untuk menyegerakan penyelesaian Tugas Akhir ini.

5. Dek So’idul Kazzan yang turut membantu penulis untuk menyelesaikan

pembuatan purwarupa kandang dari proyek Tugas Akhir ini.

6. Teman-teman SETUJU yang selalu menyemangati dan menemani penulis

saat pengerjaan Tugas Akhir ini hingga selesai.

7. Teman-teman lainnya yang telah memberikan dukungan yang tidak bisa

disebutkan satu persatu.

Surabaya, 3 Maret 2020

Penulis

vii

ABSTRAK

Nama : Desandy Hadina Muhtadin

Program Studi : Informatika

Judul : Sistem Pembersih Kadang Ayam Otomatis Berbasis IoT

Menumpuknya kotoran ayam pada lantai kandang dalam jumlah besar

dapat menyebabkan naiknya kadar gas amonia yang mana akan membahayakan

kondisi ternak, peternak dan juga lingkungan sekitar. Oleh sebab itu

diperlukannya suatu monitoring tingkat pencemaran udara serta mekanisme

pembersihan yang efisien untuk mempertahankan kadar polusi udara dibawah

ambang batas yang mempermudah pekerjaan pembersihan kandang ayam para

peternak.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai solusi dalam memecahkan

permasalahan tersebut yang diimplementasikan pada purwarupa kandang dengan

ukuran tinggi 50 cm x 30 cm x 60 cm. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut dilakukan

pemodelan sebuah sistem monitoring dan mekanisme otomatis yang terintegrasi

dengan internet Internet of Things (IoT).

Memanfaatkan Node MCU Lolin V3 sebagai mikrokontroler yang

terkoneksi dengan internet dan Bot Telegram. Bot Telegram akan menampilkan

notifikasi serta mengkonfirmasi eksekusi mekanisme pembersihan otomatis

apabila konsentrasi gas amonia melebihi ambang batas. Lalu sensor MQ-135

sebagai sensor pendeteksi konsentrasi gas amonia dalam satuan part per million

(ppm). Cara kerja mekanisme pembersihannya yakni swiper bergerak dari ujung

satu ke ujung lainya pada rel slider. Swiper pembersih ini terdiri dari motor dc 12

volt yang di kontrol mengguakan motor driver L298N untuk menggerakkan

timingbelt pada slider, juga water pump 12 volt yang terhubung ke relay untuk

menyalakan dan mematikan otomatis penyemprotan air ke lantai kandang.

Kata Kunci : Pembersih Kandang, Kandang Ayam, IoT, Gas Amonia,

Mikrokontroler, Node MCU, Lolin V3, MQ-135, Bot Telegram, Relay, Motor

Driver L298N, Timingbelt, Slider, Water Pump

ix

ABSTRACT

Name : Desandy Hadina Muhtadin

Department : Informatics

Title : The Automatic Chicken Coop Cleaning System Based On

IoT

Accumulation of chicken manures on the cage floor in large quantities

can cause an increase in ammonia gas levels which will endanger the condition of

livestock, breeders and the surrounding environment. Therefore we need a

monitoring level of air pollution and an efficient cleaning mechanism to maintain

levels of air pollution below threshold that facilitate a chicken coop cleaning of

breeders.

The purpose of this study is for as a solution for solving mentioned

problems which is implemented in a prototype enclosure with a heigh of 50 x 30

x 60 cm. To achieve these objectives, modeling a monitoring system and an

automatic mechanism integrated with the internet, the Internet of Things (IoT) is

carried out.

The MCU Lolin V3 Node is utilized as a microcontroller connected to the

internet and Telegram Bot. The Telegram bot will display a notification and

confirm the execution of the automatic cleaning mechanism if the concentration

of ammonia gas exceeds the threshold. Then, the MQ-135 sensor as a detection

sensor the concentration of ammonia gas in units of parts per million (ppm). The

operation of cleaning mechanism is the swiper moves from one end to the other

on the slider rail. The cleaning swiper consists of a 12 volt dc motor that is

controlled using an L298N motor driver to drive the timing belt on the slider, as

well as a 12 volt water pump connected to a relay to turn on and turn off automatic

spraying of water to the cage floor.

Keywords : Coop Cleaner, Chicken Coop, IoT, Ammonia Gas, Microcontroller,

Node MCU, Lolin V3, MQ-135, Telegram Bot, Relay, Motor Driver L298N,

Timingbelt, Slider, Water Pump

xi

DAFTAR ISI

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN DOSEN PEMBIMBING ....................................... i

PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN DAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI TUGAS

AKHIR ............................................................................................................... iii

KATA PENGANTAR ......................................................................................... v

ABSTRAK ......................................................................................................... vii

DAFTAR ISI ....................................................................................................... xi

DAFTAR GAMBAR ......................................................................................... xv

DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................. xix

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .................................................................................... xxi

BAB 1.................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Latar Belakang ......................................................................................... 1

1.2 Rumusan Masalah .................................................................................... 1

1.3 Batasan Masalah ....................................................................................... 1

1.4 Maksud dan Tujuan .................................................................................. 2

1.5 Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................................... 3

BAB 2.................................................................................................................... 5

2.1 Tinjauan Pustaka ...................................................................................... 5

2.1.1 Amonia .......................................................................................... 5

2.1.2 IoT ................................................................................................. 6

2.2 Dasar Teori ............................................................................................... 6

2.2.1 Penelitian Terdahulu ..................................................................... 6

2.3 Komponen Alat ........................................................................................ 8

2.3.1 Power DC 12 Volt ......................................................................... 8

2.3.2 Stepdown LM2596 ........................................................................ 9

2.3.3 Node MCU .................................................................................. 10

2.3.4 Sensor MQ-135 ........................................................................... 11

2.3.5 Kabel Jumper............................................................................... 13

2.3.6 Project Board ............................................................................... 14

2.3.7 Papan PCB................................................................................... 14

2.3.8 Relay 2 Channel .......................................................................... 15

2.3.9 Motor Driver L298N ................................................................... 16

xii

2.3.10 Dinamo DC 12 Volt .................................................................... 17

2.3.11 Water Pump 12 Volt .................................................................... 18

2.3.12 Selang Mini 3mm ........................................................................ 19

2.3.13 Bot Telegram ............................................................................... 20

2.4 Komponen Pendukung ........................................................................... 21

2.4.1 Arduino IDE ................................................................................ 21

2.4.2 Visual Studio Code ...................................................................... 21

2.4.3 Platform IO .................................................................................. 22

BAB 3.................................................................................................................. 23

3.1 Perancangan Alat .................................................................................... 25

3.1.1 Spesifikasi Alat ........................................................................... 25

3.1.2 Skematik Perancangan Alat......................................................... 27

3.1.3 Desain Rancangan Alat ............................................................... 27

3.1.4 Skematik Rangkaian .................................................................... 29

3.2 Perancangan User Interface Sistem ........................................................ 32

3.2.1 Perancangan UI Web ................................................................... 32

3.3 Penyimpanan Data .................................................................................. 35

3.3.1 Struktur Database ........................................................................ 35

3.3.2 User Interface Bot Telegram ....................................................... 36

3.4 Deskripsi Sistem (jelaskan penggunaan sistem) ..................................... 36

3.4.1 Flowchart Sistem ......................................................................... 37

3.4.2 Flowchart Hardware .................................................................... 39

3.4.3 Flowchart Software ..................................................................... 40

BAB 4.................................................................................................................. 41

4.1 Kalibrasi Sensor MQ-135 ....................................................................... 41

4.1.1 Preheat ......................................................................................... 41

4.1.2 Menentukan Nilai Kadar Amonia dalam Satuan PPM ................ 42

4.1.3 Mendapatkan Rumus Perhitungan Konsentrasi Gas dalam Satuan

part per million (PPM) ........................................................................... 43

4.1.4 Mencari Ro Pada Udara Bersih ................................................... 44

4.1.5 Memasukkan Semua Nilai ke Rumus untuk Mencari PPM ........ 46

xiii

4.2 Pengujian Sensor MQ-135 ..................................................................... 48

4.3 Kalibrasi Motor Penggerak Swiper ........................................................ 49

4.4 Pengujian Motor Penggerak Swiper ....................................................... 51

4.5 Perakitan Semua Komponen Pada Purwarupa Kandang ........................ 51

4.5.1 Purwarupa Kandang .................................................................... 52

4.5.2 Tangki Air ................................................................................... 55

4.5.3 Mikrokontroler dan Semua Module ............................................ 56

4.5.4 Slider Swiper ............................................................................... 57

4.6 Pengujian Sistem Monitoring dan Pembersihan ..................................... 60

4.6.1 Test Koneksi ke Telegram ........................................................... 60

4.6.2 Test Notifikasi Peringatan ........................................................... 62

4.7 Pembuatan UI Web, Database Penyimpanan Data dan Bot Telegram ... 65

4.7.1 Pembuatan UI Web Sesuai Mockup ............................................ 65

4.7.2 Create Database untuk Penyimpanan Data.................................. 67

4.7.3 Create Bot Telegram ................................................................... 67

4.8 Cara Kerja Mekanisme Alat ................................................................... 70

4.8.1 Pembacaan Sensor ....................................................................... 70

4.8.2 Notifikasi dan Konfirmasi pada Bot Telegram ........................... 70

4.8.3 Mekanisme Penggerak Swiper Pembersih Otomatis ................... 71

4.9 Ujicoba Alat ........................................................................................... 73

4.9.1 Pengujian Notifikasi Bot Telegram ............................................. 74

4.9.2 Pengujian Konfirmasi Eksekusi Pembersihan Otomatis ............. 81

4.9.3 Pengujian Tampilan Data Pada Web dan Penyimpanan Data ..... 86

4.9.4 Pengujian Durasi Pembersihan Otomatis .................................... 89

BAB 5.................................................................................................................. 93

5.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................. 93

5.2 Saran ....................................................................................................... 94

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................ 97

LAMPIRAN ..................................................................................................... 101

xv

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Kadar NH3 (ppm) .............................................................................. 5

Gambar 2.2 Power DC 12 Volt ............................................................................. 9

Gambar 2.3 Stepdown LM2596 ............................................................................ 9

Gambar 2.4 Skematik Stepdown LM2596 .......................................................... 10

Gambar 2.5 Node MCU Lolin V3 ....................................................................... 10

Gambar 2.6 Skematik Node MCU Lolin V3 ....................................................... 11

Gambar 2.7 Sensor MQ-135 ............................................................................... 12

Gambar 2.8 Skematik Sensor MQ-135 ............................................................... 13

Gambar 2.9 Kabel Jumper ................................................................................... 13

Gambar 2.10 Project Board ................................................................................. 14

Gambar 2.11 Papan PCB Polos ........................................................................... 14

Gambar 2.12 Relay 2 Channel ............................................................................ 15

Gambar 2.13 Skematik Relay 2 Channel ............................................................ 16

Gambar 2.14 Motor Driver L298N ..................................................................... 17

Gambar 2.15 Blokdiagram Motor Driver L298 .................................................. 17

Gambar 2.16 Dinamo 12 Volt ............................................................................. 18

Gambar 2.17 Water Pump 12 Volt ...................................................................... 19

Gambar 2.18 Selang mini 3mm........................................................................... 19

Gambar 2.19 Bot Telegram ................................................................................. 20

Gambar 2.20 Bot Telegram ................................................................................. 20

Gambar 2.21 Arduino IDE .................................................................................. 21

Gambar 2.22 Visual Studio Code IDE ................................................................ 22

Gambar 2.23 Platform IO IDE ............................................................................ 22

Gambar 3.1 Flowchart Metode Penelitian ........................................................... 24

Gambar 3.2 Blokdiagram Alat ............................................................................ 25

Gambar 3.3 Skematik Perancangan Alat ............................................................. 27

Gambar 3.4 Desain Purwarupa Kandang 1 ......................................................... 28



xvi


Gambar 3.8 Skematik Stepdown ......................................................................... 30

Gambar 3.9 Skematik Sensor MQ-135 ............................................................... 30

Gambar 3.10 Skematik Rangkaian Driver Motor ............................................... 31

Gambar 3.11 Relay dan Waterpump 12 Volt ...................................................... 32

Gambar 3.12 Mockup UI Web Data Amonia Melebihi Ambang Bata ............... 33

Gambar 3.13 Mockup UI Web Logging Data Pembersihan Terakhir................. 34

Gambar 3.14 Struktur Database Amonitor .......................................................... 35

Gambar 3.15 Struktur Database datasensor ........................................................ 35

Gambar 3.16 Struktur Database dataswiper ........................................................ 35

Gambar 3.17 Flowchart Sistem ........................................................................... 38

Gambar 3.18 Flowchart Hardware ...................................................................... 39

Gambar 3.19 Flowchart Software ....................................................................... 40

Gambar 4.1 Proses Preheating ............................................................................ 41

Gambar 4.2 Grafik Karakteristik Sensitivitas Sensor MQ-135 .......................... 42

Gambar 4.3 Penentuan Titik Perpotongan Grafik NH4 ...................................... 42

Gambar 4.4 RL Sensor MQ-135 ......................................................................... 44

Gambar 4.5 Rangkaian NodeMCU dan Sensor MQ-135 .................................... 44

Gambar 4.6 Mencari Nilai Ro ............................................................................. 45

Gambar 4.7 Serial Monitor Ro ............................................................................ 45

Gambar 4.8 Memasukkan Semua Nilai Ke Rumus ............................................. 47

Gambar 4.9 Serial Monitor Nilai PPM ................................................................ 47

Gambar 4.10 Pengujian Sensor Ke 1 .................................................................. 48



Gambar 4.13 Code Kalibrasi Swiper ................................................................... 49



Gambar 4.16 Kalibrasi Motor Swiper ................................................................. 50

Gambar 4.17 Beberapa Material Awal ................................................................ 52

xvii

Gambar 4.18 Purwarupa Kandang Awal ............................................................. 53

Gambar 4.19 Purwarupa Kandang ¼ Jadi ........................................................... 53

Gambar 4.20 Purwarupa Kandang ½ Jadi ........................................................... 54

Gambar 4.21 Purwarupa Kandang ½ Jadi ........................................................... 54

Gambar 4.22 Purwarupa Kandang Jadi ............................................................... 54

Gambar 4.23 Purwarupa Kandang Jadi ............................................................... 55

Gambar 4.24 Tangki Air ..................................................................................... 55

Gambar 4.25 Tangki Air ..................................................................................... 56

Gambar 4.26 Housing Kontroler ......................................................................... 57

Gambar 4.27 Housing Kontroler ......................................................................... 57

Gambar 4.28 Selang Penyemprot ........................................................................ 58

Gambar 4.29 Penyangga Rel Slider .................................................................... 58

Gambar 4.30 Roler Timingbelt ........................................................................... 59

Gambar 4.31 Pengaplikasian Selang Penyemprot ............................................... 59

Gambar 4.32 Pengaplikasian Selang Penyemprot ............................................... 59

Gambar 4.33 Slider Swiper Jadi .......................................................................... 59

Gambar 4.34 Code Test Koneksi Ke Telegram .................................................. 60

Gambar 4.35 Code Test Koneksi Ke Telegram .................................................. 61

Gambar 4.36 Serial Monitor Test Koneksi Sukses ............................................. 61

Gambar 4.37 Test Notifikasi Koneksi Telegram Sukses .................................... 61

Gambar 4.38 Code Program Test Notifikasi Peringatan ..................................... 62




Gambar 4.42 Serial Monitor Test Notifikasi Peringatan ..................................... 64

Gambar 4.43 Serial Monitor Test Notifikasi Peringatan ..................................... 64

Gambar 4.44 Notifikasi Chat Test Notifikasi Peringatan .................................... 65

Gambar 4.45 UI Web index.php ......................................................................... 66

Gambar 4.46 UI Web logpembersihan.php ......................................................... 66

Gambar 4.47 Database datasensor ...................................................................... 67

xviii

Gambar 4.48 Database dataswiper ...................................................................... 67

Gambar 4.49 Request Bot Api Token ................................................................. 68

Gambar 4.50 Room Chat Request Bot Api Token .............................................. 68

Gambar 4.51 Request Chat ID ............................................................................ 69

Gambar 4.52 Room Chat Request Chat ID ......................................................... 69

Gambar 4.53 Kontroler dan Waterpump ............................................................. 71

Gambar 4.54 Motor Penggerak ........................................................................... 71

Gambar 4.55 Timingbelt ..................................................................................... 72

Gambar 4.56 Swiper Pembersih .......................................................................... 72

Gambar 4.57 Ujung Kandang.............................................................................. 73

Gambar 4.58 Bagian Bawah Swiper ................................................................... 73

Gambar 4.59 Pengujian Notifikasi Bot Telegram ............................................... 74

Gambar 4.60 Pengujian Konfirmasi Eksekusi Pembersihan Otomatis ............... 81

Gambar 4.61 Serial Monitor Pengujian Konfirmasi Eksekusi Pembersihan

Otomatis .............................................................................................................. 82

Gambar 4.62 Simpan Data Ke DB datasensor .................................................... 86

Gambar 4.63 Simpan Data Ke DB dataswiper PPM Awal ................................. 86

Gambar 4.64 Simpan Data Ke DB dataswiper PPM Akhir ................................ 87

Gambar 4.65 Tampilan Web Data Amonia Melebihi Ambang Batas ................. 89

Gambar 4.66 Tampilan Web Data Logging Pembersihan .................................. 91

xix

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1 Spesifikasi Power DC 12 Volt .............................................................. 9

Tabel 2.2 Spesifikasi Stepdown LM2596 ............................................................. 9

Tabel 2.3 Spesifikasi Stepdown .......................................................................... 11

Tabel 2.4 Spesifikasi Sensor MQ-135 ................................................................. 12

Tabel 2.5 Spesifikasi Relay 2 Channel ................................................................ 15

Tabel 2.6 Spesifikasi Relay 2 Channel ................................................................ 17

Tabel 2.7 Spesifikasi Dinamo DC 12 Volt .......................................................... 18

Tabel 2.8 Spesifikasi Water Pump 12 Volt ......................................................... 19

Tabel 2.9 Spesifikasi Water Pump 12 Volt ......................................................... 19

Tabel 3.1 Pinout Stepdown ................................................................................. 30

Tabel 3.2 Pinout Sensor MQ-135 ........................................................................ 31

Tabel 3.3 Pinout Rangkaian Driver Motor .......................................................... 31

Tabel 3.4 Pin Out Relay dan Waterpump 12 Volt .............................................. 32

Tabel 4.1 Tabel Nilai Kalibrasi ........................................................................... 46

Tabel 4.2 Tabel Memasukkan Nilai Ke Rumus .................................................. 46

Tabel 4.3 Material Bahan Purwarupa Kandang .................................................. 52

Tabel 4.4 Material Bahan Tangki Air ................................................................. 55

Tabel 4.5 Material Bahan Housing Kontroler ..................................................... 56

Tabel 4.6 Material Bahan Slider Swiper ............................................................. 57

Tabel 4.7 Pengujian Notifikasi Bot Telegram ..................................................... 74

Tabel 4.8 Pengujian Konfirmasi Eksekusi Pembersihan Otomatis ..................... 82

Tabel 4.9 Pengujian Penyimpanan Data Ke DB datasensor................................ 87

Tabel 4.10 Pengujian Durasi Pembersihan Otomatis .......................................... 89

xxi

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1 Source Code ......................................................................... 101

TUGAS AKHIR SISTEM PEMBERSIH KANDANG AYAM …repository.untag-sby.ac.id/5470/3/Abstrack.pdfPEBERSIH...

Documents

Transcript of TUGAS AKHIR SISTEM PEMBERSIH KANDANG AYAM …repository.untag-sby.ac.id/5470/3/Abstrack.pdfPEBERSIH...