Terjemahan Hadis Hukum

8/17/2019 Terjemahan Hadis Hukum

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O l e h s e b a b i t u , p e r l u d i t e r a n g k a n d a n d i j e l a s k a n a

D e n g a n A s - S u n n a h ’ s e l e p a s m e l i h a t k e p e n t i n g a n - k e

A s - S u n n a h A s - S u n n a h A s - S u n n a h A s - S u n n a h

S a y a m e m b a w a k a n p e n g e r t i a n t e n t a n g A s - S u n n a h ;

D a r i s u d u t b a h a s a b e r e r t i : A t - T a r i q a h d a n A s - S i r a

m a h u p u n y a n g y a n g t e r c e l a .

F i r m a n A l l a h s . w . t . ;

“ ( K a m i m e n e t a p k a n y a n g d e m i k i a n ) s e b a g a i s u a t u

K a m i y a n g K a m i u t u s s e b e l u m k a m u d a n t i d a k a k a n

k e t e t a p a n K a m i i t u . ” ( S u r a h A l - I s r a ’ : 7 7 )

S a b d a R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . ;

“ H e n d a k l a h k a m u m e n g i k u t i s u n n a h k u d a n s u n n

s e l e p a s k u . ” ( R i w a y a t k a n o l e h A b u D a u d d a n A t - T a r m

A s - S u n n a h p u l a d a r i p a d a i s t i l a h n y a ;

U l a m a k f i q h m e m b a h a s k a n m e n g e n a i R a s u l u l l a h p e r k a t a a n d a n p e r b u a t a n b a g i n d a s . a . w . y a n g t i d a k

h u k u m s y a r a k y a n g l i m a i a i t u w a j i b , s u n a t , h a r a m ,

S u n n a h m u n u r u t u l a m a k f i q h i a l a h : S e s u a t u y a n g d

s . a . w . s e l a i n d a r i p a d a w a j i b i a i t u s a l a h s a t u d a r i p a d a

i a i t u w a j i b , s u n a t , h a r a m , h a r a m , m a k r u h , m u b a h .

U l a m a k u s u l p u l a m e m b a h a s k a n m e n g e n a i R a s u l u

s y a r i a t , y a n g m e n e t a p k a n k a e d a h - k a e d a h y a n g h a r u


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m u j t a h i d g e n e r a s i b e r i k u t n y a , y a n g m e n j e l a s k a n u n

A s - S u n n a h m e n u r u t u l a m a k u s u l : S e g a l a s e s u a t u y

R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . s e l a i n A l - Q u r a n s a m a d a p e r k a t

R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w .

U l a m a k h a d i t h p u l a m e m b a h a s k a n t e n t a n g R a s u l u l

b a i k d a n i k u t a n s a m a d a h i d u p b a g i n d a s . a . w . , a t a u p

a t a u p u n p e r k a t a a n d a n p e r b u a t a n b a g i n d a s . a . w . , a

M a k a , A s - S u n n a h m e n u r u t u l a m a k h a d i t h : S e g a l a s e

R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . s a m a d a p e r k a t a a n , p e r b u a t a n , k e

p e r j a l a n a n h i d u p b a g i n d a s . a . w .

P e n g e r t i a n A s - S u n n a h y a n g b e b e z a - b e z a i n i b e r p u n

u l a m a k t e r h a d a p o b j e k t i f b i d a n g k a j i a n m e r e k a m a s i

D i b a w a h a d a l a h d i s i p l i n - d i s i p l i n y a n g p a t u t d i p a t u h

S u n n a h ;

P e r t a m a : P e r t a m a : P e r t a m a : P e r t a m a : M e m a h a m i M e m a h a m i M e m a h a m i M e m a h a m i A s - S u n n a h A s - S u n n a h A s - S u n n a h A s - S u n n a h M e n u r u t M e n u r u t M e n u r u t M e n u r u t P e r s p e k t i f P e r s p e k t i f P e r s p e k t i f P e r s p e k t i f A l - Q u r a n A l - Q u r a n A l - Q u r a n A l - Q u r a n

A l - Q u r a n m e r u p a k a n r o h d a n a s a s a g a m a I s l a m . I a m

m a n a s e g a l a u n d a n g - u n d a n g d a l a m I s l a m a d a l a h m

A n - N a b a w i y a h m e n j e l a s k a n d u s t u r i n i ( F a h m u s u n . I a j u g a

m e n e r a n g k a n A l - Q u r a n s e c a r a t e o r i d a n p r a k t i k n y a

t a f s i r ) . D e n g a n i n i p e r a n a n R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . a d a l a h

A l - Q u r a n y a n g d i t u r u n k a n k e p a d a m a n u s i a . A s - S u n

t i d a k a d a d a l a m a l - Q u r a n ( B a y a n u t s a b i t ) .

T i d a k s e s e k a l i A s - S u n n a h y a n g m e n j e l a s k a n d a n m

d e n g a n A l - Q u r a n . S e m a c a m t i d a k s e s e k a l i y a n g f u r u

a s a l . O l e h s e b a b i t u , p e n j e l a s a n d a n p e n e r a n g a n R a s u

d i s e k i t a r p e n g a j a r a n A l - Q u r a n d a n t i d a k a k a n m e l e b


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D e n g a n D e n g a n D e n g a n D e n g a n i t u , i t u , i t u , i t u , t i d a k t i d a k t i d a k t i d a k a k a n a k a n a k a n a k a n d i d a p a t i d i d a p a t i d i d a p a t i d i d a p a t i A s - S u n n a h A s - S u n n a h A s - S u n n a h A s - S u n n a h y a n g y a n g y a n g y a n g s a h i h s a h i h s a h i h s a h i h b e r t e n t a n g a n b e r t e n t a n g a n b e r t e n t a n g a n b e r t e n t a n g a n d e n g a n d e n g a n d e n g a n d e n g a n a y a t - a y a t a y a t - a y a t a y a t - a y a t a y a t - a y a t A l - Q u r a n A l - Q u r a n A l - Q u r a n A l - Q u r a n y a n g y a n g y a n g y a n g m u h k a m a t m u h k a m a t m u h k a m a t m u h k a m a t d a n d a n d a n d a n p e n j e l a s a n - p e n j e l a sp e n j e l a s a n - p e n j e l a s ap e n j e l a s a n - p e n j e l a s ap e n j e l a s a n - p e n j e l a s a A l - Q u r a n A l - Q u r a n A l - Q u r a n A l - Q u r a n y a n y a n y a n y a n t e r a n g . t e r a n g . t e r a n g . t e r a n g . A n d a i A n d a i A n d a i A n d a i k a t a k a t a k a t a k a t a t e r j a d i t e r j a d i t e r j a d i t e r j a d i p e r t e n t a n g a n , p e r t e n t a n g a n , p e r t e n t a n g a n , p e r t e n t a n g a n , m a k a m a k a m a k a m a k a k e t a h u i l a h k e t a h u i l a h k e t a h u i l a h k e t a h u i l a h b a h a w a b a h a w a b a h a w a b a h a w a i n i i n i i n i i n i m e n u n j u k k a n m e n u n j u k k a n m e n u n j u k k a n m e n u n j u k k a n b a h a w a b a h a w a b a h a w a b a h a w a k e m u n g k i n a n k e m u n g k i n a n k e m u n g k i n a n k e m u n g k i n a n y a n g y a n g y a n g y a n g t i g a ; t i g a ; t i g a ; t i g a ;

< ! - - [ i f ! s u p p o r t L i s t s ] - - > 1 . < ! - - [ e n d i f ] - - > H a d i t h i t u y a n g t i d a k s a h i h , a t a u

< ! - - [ i f ! s u p p o r t L i s t s ] - - > 2 . < ! - - [ e n d i f ] - - > F a h a m a n k i t a y a n g t i d a k b e t u l , a

< ! - - [ i f ! s u p p o r t L i s t s ] - - > 3 . < ! - - [ e n d i f ] - - > T i d a k a d a p e r t e n t a n g a n p a d a h a

C o n t o h 1

H a d i t h y a n g d i r i w a y a t k a n o l e h M u s l i m d a r i p a d a A n a

“ S e s u n g g u h n y a b a p a k u d a n b a p a m u d i d a l a m n e r a k a

H a d i t h i n i d i u c a p k a n o l e h R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . k e t i k a

s e o r a n g l e l a k i , d i m a n a k a h b a p a M u ?

D i s i n i D r . Y u s u f A l - Q a r d a w i b e r t a n y a : “ A p a k a h d o

y a n g m e n j a d i k a n d i a p e n g h u n i n e r a k a s e d a n g k a n d

f i t r a h . M e n g i k u t p e n d a p a t y a n g s a h i h , a h l i f i t r a h t e r l

“ T e r l i n t a s d i h a t i s a y a b a h a w a y a n g d i m a k s u d k a n d e

i n i i a l a h ‘ b a p a s a u d a r a k u ’ . ”

K e m u d i a n D r . Y u s u f A l - Q a r d a w i b e r d a l i l k a n a y a t

d i f a h a m i b a h a w a ‘ b a p a k u ’ d a l a m h a d i t h d i a t a s a d a l

i n i b e r t e n t a n g a n d e n g a n ;

“ K a m i t i d a k a k a n m e n g a z a b s e s u a t u k a u m s e h i n g g a l

s e o r a n g R a s u l . ” ( S u r a h A l - I s r a ’ : 1 5 )


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D r . Y u s u f A l - Q a r d a w i m e n y a m b u n g : “ P a r a f u q a h a

y a n g m e r e k a m a k s u d k a n i a l a h o r a n g - o r a n g y a n g h i d

d e n g a n z a m a n N a b i M u h a m m a d s . a . w . J a r a k m a s a d

r i w a y a t A l - B u k h a r i d a r i p a d a S a l m a n i a l a h s e l a m a e n

K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a i a l a h i a l a h i a l a h i a l a h : M a k a p e m a h a m a n s e b e n a r h a d i t h d i a t

b e r m a k s u d ‘ b a p a s a u d a r a k u ’ b e r d a l i l k a n a y a t 1 3 3 ,

z a m a n h i d u p A b d u l l a h a d a l a h p a d a z a m a n f i t r a h i a i t

d e n g a n N a b i M u h a m m a d s . a . w . y a n g t i d a k d i u t u s k a

R a s u l . D a n A l l a h s . w . t . h a n y a a k a n m e n g a z a b u m a t y

i t u R a s u l ( S u r a h A l - I s r a ’ : 1 5 ) .

C o n t o h 2

- -

- -

“ M a k a a p a k a h p a t u t k a m u ( h a i o r a n g - o r a n g m u s y r i

U z z a , . D a n M a n a h y a n g k e t i g a , y a n g p a l i n g t e r k e m u

A l l a h ) ? . A p a k a h ( p a t u t ) u n t u k k a m u ( a n a k ) l a k i - l a

p e r e m p u a n ? . Y a n g d e m i k i a n i t u t e n t u l a h s u a t u p e m b

l a i n h a n y a l a h n a m a - n a m a y a n g k a m u d a n b a p a - b a p

t i d a k m e n u r u n k a n s u a t u k e t e r a n g a n p u n u n t u k ( m e n

h a n y a l a h m e n g i k u t i s a n g k a a n - s a n g k a a n , d a n a p a ym e r e k a d a n s e s u n g g u h n y a t e l a h d a t a n g p e t u n j u k

m e r e k a . ” ( S u r a h A n - N a j m : 1 9 - 2 3 )

A l - Q u r a n d e n g a n j e l a s m e n g e j i b e r h a l a - b e r h a l a y a n

M a n n a i n i . T i d a k d a p a t d i t e r i m a a k a l a p a b i l a t e r d a p

b e r h a l a i n i p u l a . C o n t o h n y a ;


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“ I t u a d a l a h A l - G h a r a n i q y a n g t i n g g i d a n s y a f a a t d a r i p

K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a i a l a h i a l a h i a l a h i a l a h : M a k a d e n g a n j e l a s d i y a k i n i b a h a w a h

t s a b i t d i s i s i a h l i h a d i t h o l e h k e r a n a h a k i k a t h a d i t h i n i

C o n t o h 3

A l - Q u r a n m e n g h a r a m k a n b a n g k a i , t e t a p i h u k u m t

S u n n a h u n t u k b a n g k a i i k a n d a n b e l a l a n g d a l a m h a d i t

:

K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a i a l a h i a l a h i a l a h i a l a h : M a k a d i h a r a m k a n s e g a l a j e n i s b a n g

d i n y a t a k a n A l - Q u r a n m e l a i n k a n b a n g k a i i k a n d a n

d i n y a t a k a n o l e h A s - S u n n a h .

K e d u a : K e d u a : K e d u a : K e d u a : M e n g h i m p u n k a n M e n g h i m p u n k a n M e n g h i m p u n k a n M e n g h i m p u n k a n H a d i t h - H a d i t h H a d i t h - H a d i t h H a d i t h - H a d i t h H a d i t h - H a d i t h Y a n g Y a n g Y a n g Y a n g B e r k a i t a n B e r k a i t a n B e r k a i t a n B e r k a i t a n D a l a m D a l a m D a l a m D a l a m S a t u S a t u S a t u S a t u

T a j u k T a j u k T a j u k T a j u k

M e n g g a b u n g k a n h a d i t h - h a d i t h d a l a m s a t u p e n g e r t i

w a h i d ) . J i k a m e l i h a t h a d i t h - h a d i t h b e r t e n t a n g a n m a

s a t u p e n g e r t i a n y a n g b e n a r .

H a d i t h - h a d i t h y a n g m u t a s y a b i h h e n d a k l a h d i r u j u k m

y a n g m u h k a m . H a d i t h - h a d i t h y a n g m u t l a k h e n d a k l a

h a d i t h y a n g m u q a y y a d . H a d i t h - h a d i t h y a n g u m u m

h a d i t h - h a d i t h y a n g k h u s u s . D e n g a n d e m i k i a n , a k a n

t e r s e b u t d a n t i d a k b e r c a n g g a h s e s a m a n y a .

C o n t o h 1

H a d i t h b e r k e n a a n d e n g a n i s b a l i a i t u m e l a b u h k a n p a

A n t a r a c o n t o h - c o n t o h h a d i t h t e r s e b u t a d a l a h ;

D a r i p a d a A b u D h a r r . a . k a t a n y a R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . b e

A l l a h s . w . t . t i d a k a k a n b e r k a t a - k a t a k e p a d a m e r e k a m e n g u n g k i t - u n g k i t p e m b e r i a n n y a , o r a n g y a n g m e l a


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m e l a b u h k a n p a k a i a n d e n g a n t u j u a n b e r m e g a h - m e g a

A l l a h s . w . t .

C o n t o h 2

H a d i t h y a n g m e n y a t a k a n b a t a l n y a o r a n g p u a s a y a n

l a i n n y a m e n y a t a k a n t i d a k b a t a l , t e r n y a t a s e t e l a h d i

d a l a m h a d i t h p e r t a m a o r a n g t e r s e b u t b e r b e k a m s a m

s e h i n g g a b a t a l n y a k e r a n a h a l t e r s e b u t d a n b u k a n k e r a

C o n t o h 3

I m a m A l - B u k h a r i m e r i w a y a t k a n d a r i p a d a A b u U m b e l i a u m e l i h a t a l a t p e r t a n i a n ( b a j a k ) , k a t a n y a , “ A k u

b e r s a b d a :

“ T i d a k m a s u k a l a t i n i k e d a l a m r u m a h s e s u a t u k a u m

k e d a l a m r u m a h i t u k e h i n a a n . ”

Z a h i r h a d i t h i n i m e n u n j u k k a n b a h a w a R a s u l l u l a h s .

t a n a h d a n m e n a n a m t a n a m a n y a n g m e m b a w a k e p a

b e k e r j a d a l a m b i d a n g i n i .

A p a b i l a d i k u m p u l k a n h a d i t h - h a d i t h b e r k a i t a n ( d a

d i b a w a k a n d i s i n i ) ;

R a s u l l u l a h s . a . w . b e r s a b d a : “ S e s e o r a n g M u s l i m y a n

k e m u d i a n t a n a m a n i t u d i m a k a n b u r u n g , m a n u s i a , a

s e d e k a h d a r i p a d a i t u . ” ( R i w a y a t A l - B u k h a r i d a n M u s

R a s u l l u l a h s . a . w . b e r s a b d a : “ S e k i r a n y a b e r l a k u k

s e s e o r a n g d a r i p a d a k a m u a d a b e n i h p o k o k t a n a m a n

s e b e l u m b e r l a k u n y a k i a m a t , h e n d a k l a h d i a m e n a m

A h m a d )


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S e p e r t i d a l a m s u a t u h a d i t h d i s e b u t k a n R a s u l u l l a h s

m i s k i n , s e m e n t a r a b a n y a k h a d i t h - h a d i t h l a i n R a s u l

M a k a d i g a b u n g k a n b a h a w a y a n g d i m a k s u d m i s k i n

s i k a p o r a n g m i s k i n y a n g r e n d a h h a t i d a n t i d a k s o m b o

C o n t o h 2

S e p e r t i h a d i t h n i k a h M u t ’ a h y a n g b a n y a k d i p a k a i

R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . p e r n a h m e m b o l e h k a n n y a d a l a m s a

d i h a p u s s e l a m a - l a m a n y a o l e h R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . s

k e c e l a r u a n n y a .

C o n t o h 3

H a d i t h - h a d i t h b e r k e n a a n d e n g a n t a j u k ‘ p e r e m p u a n

b a n y a k h a d i t h - h a d i t h y a n g m e m b e n a r k a n p e r e m p u a

p u l a h a d i t h - h a d i t h y a n g m e l a r a n g p e r e m p u a n m

m e m b e n a r k a n l e b i h b a n y a k d a r i p a d a y a n g m e l a r a n g

U n t u k m e n y e l a r a s k a n , “ C a r a n y a i a l a h l a r a n g a n y a n

s e b a g a i m a n a y a n g d i n y a t a k a n o l e h A l - Q u r t u b i a d a l

t e r l a m p a u k e r a p m e n z i a r a h i k u b u r . K a t a A l - Q u r t u

p e r b u a t a n i t u ( m e n z i a r a h i k u b u r d e n g a n t e r l a l u k e

b e r k u r a n g n y a d i a m e m b e r i h a k d a n p e r h a t i a n k e p a d

p e n d e d a h a n a u r a t , ( a t a u p u n ) m e r a u n g - r a u n g d i a t a s

J i k a t i d a k b e r l a k u d e m i k i a n i t u m a k a d i i z i n k a n b a g i w

m e n g i n g a t i m a t i a d a l a h p e r l u b a g i k a u m l e l a k i d a n w

C o n t o h 4

H a d i t h - h a d i t h b e r k e n a a n d e n g a n t a j u k ‘ A l - ‘ A z a l ’ ;

D a r i p a d a J a b i r r . a . k a t a n y a : “ K a m i m e l a k u k a n ‘ a z a

s e d a n g k a n p a d a m a s a i t u A l - Q u r a n s e d a n g d i t u r u n k

M u s l i m )


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D a r i p a d a J a b i r r . a . k a t a n y a : “ K a m i m e l a k u k a n ‘ a z a

P e r k a r a i t u s a m p a i k e p a d a R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . t e t a p i b a

( R i w a y a t M u s l i m )

D a r i p a d a J a b i r r . a . b a h a w a s e o r a n g l e l a k i d a t a n g k

b e r k a t a : “ A k u m e m p u n y a i s e o r a n g h a m b a p e r e m p u a

‘ m e n d a t a n g i n y a ’ t e t a p i a k u t i d a k s u k a d i a h a m i l . ” L

“ K a l a u e n g k a u m a h u , e n g k a u b o l e h m e l a k u k a n ‘ a

k e p a d a n y a a k a n b e r l a k u j u g a k e a t a s n y a . ” ( R i w a y a t A

D a r i p a d a A b u S a i d k a t a n y a : “ O r a n g - o r a n g Y a h u d i

p e n a n a m a n a n a k s e c a r a t i d a k l a n g s u n g . R a s u l u l l a h s

b e r d u s t a , b a h a w a s a n y a A l l a h s . w . t . j i k a h e n d a k m e

p u n y a n g b o l e h m e n g h a l a n g N y a . ” ( R i w a y a t A h m a d )

D a n t e r d a p a t b a n y a k l a g i h a d i t h - h a d i t h y a n g m e m b e

D a r i p a d a J u d a m a h b i n t i W a h a b A l - U s d i y y a h k a t a n

r a m a i m e n e m u i R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . S a b d a R a s u l u l l a h

m e l a r a n g d a r i p a d a m e l a k u k a n g h i l a h t e t a p i a k u m m e l a k u k a n g h i l a h t e t a p i t i d a k m e m b a h a y a k a n p u n

r a m a i b e r t a n y a t e n t a n g ‘ a z a l . R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . m e n

a n a k s e c a r a t i d a k l a n g s u n g . P e r b u a t a n i t u t e r m a s u k

“ A p a b i l a k a n a k - k a n a k y a n g d i t a n a m i t u d i t a n y a … ” ( R

D a n b a n y a k l a g i h a d i t h - h a d i t h y a n g z a h i r n y a m e l a r a

A l - H a f i z I b n Q a y y i m ( w . 7 5 1 H ) t e l a h m e m b u a t p e n y i n i d e n g a n k a t a n y a : “ Y a n g d i d u s t a k a n o l e h R a s u l u l l

i t u i a l a h p e n d a p a t n y a y a n g m e n y a t a k a n b a h a w a ‘ a

m e n y e b a b k a n k e h a m i l a n . M e r e k a m e n y a m a k a n d i a

d e n g a n m e m b u n u h a n a k . R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . m e m b e r

m e n j a d i k a n m a k h l u k N y a , m a k a t i d a k s e o r a n g p u n y a

h a k i k a t n y a , j i k a A l l a h s . w . t . t i d a k m a h u m e n j a d i k a n

a n a k . J a d i u n g k a p a n ‘ p e n a n a m a n s e c a r a t i d a k l a n g s

h a d i t h J u d a m a h i t u a d a l a h k e r a n a o r a n g i t u m e l a k u


11/40

k e h a m i l a n . T u j u a n n y a i t u d i s a m a k a n d e n g a n m e m

d i a n t a r a k e d u a - d u a n y a i t u i a l a h p e n a n a m a n s e c a r a

d u a i a i t u t u j u a n d a n p e r b u a t a n . A d a p u n ‘ a z a l h a n y a l a

m e n a n a m . O l e h i t u p e r b u a t a n i t u d i s i f a t k a n s e b a g a i t

D r . Y u s u f a l - Q a r d a w i m e n y i f a t k a n p e n y e l a r a s a n y

Q a y y i m a d a l a h ‘ c u k u p k u a t ’ d a n b e r k o m e n t a r : “ D a r

t e l a h d i s e b u t k a n d i a t a s , j e l a s l a h b a h a w a t i d a k d i l a

d a r i p a d a p e r e m p u a n m e r d e k a , h e n d a k l a h d e n g a n i z

i t u t e r l e b i h d a h u l u k e r a n a d i a m e m p u n y a i h a k u n t u k

K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a i a l a h : i a l a h : i a l a h : i a l a h : P e r b u a t a n ‘ a z a l d i i z i n k a n d e n g a n k e b

t e r m a s u k d a l a m p e r b u a t a n m e m b u n u h s e c a r a t i d a k

b e r d o s a .

K e e m p a t : K e e m p a t : K e e m p a t : K e e m p a t : M e m a h a m i M e m a h a m i M e m a h a m i M e m a h a m i H a d i t h H a d i t h H a d i t h H a d i t h M e l a l u i M e l a l u i M e l a l u i M e l a l u i S e b a b S e b a b S e b a b S e b a b B e r l a k u n y a B e r l a k u n y a B e r l a k u n y a B e r l a k u n y a P e r k a r a P e r k a r a P e r k a r a P e r k a r a Y a n g Y a n g Y a n g Y a n g

B e r k a i t a n B e r k a i t a n B e r k a i t a n B e r k a i t a n D a n D a n D a n D a n T u j u a n T u j u a n T u j u a n T u j u a n H a d i t h H a d i t h H a d i t h H a d i t h

U n t u k m e m a h a m i A s - S u n n a h A n - N a b a w i y a h d e n g

d i l i h a t s e b a b - s e b a b k h u s u s m e n g a p a h a d i t h i t u b e r l A s b a b u l W u r u d A l - H a d i t h .

P a r a u l a m a t e l a h m e n j e l a s k a n b a h a w a m e n g e t a h u

s e m a c a m m e n g e t a h u i A s b a b u l N u z u l A y a t u l Q u r a n .

s e b a g a i m a n a y a n g b e r l a k u k e p a d a p e l a m p a u - p e l a m

l a i n n y a y a n g m e n g a m b i l a y a t - a y a t A l - Q u r a n y a n g d

M u s y r i k i n k e m u d i a n m e n g g u n a k a n a y a t - a y a t i n i k e

U m a r r . a . m e n g a n g g a p m e r e k a a d a l a h s e b u r u k - b u r up e r b u a t a n m e r e k a y a n g m e n y e l e w e n g d a r i p a d a k i t a b

C o n t o h 1

S e p e r t i h a d i t h ‘ a n t u m a ' l a m u b i u m u r i d u n y a k u m ’ ( k

u r u s a n d u n i a k a l i a n ) h a d i t h i n i h a r u s d i f a h a m i b e

R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . m e l e w a t i s e k e l o m p o k k a u m d

m e n g a h w i n k a n p u c u k k u r m a l a l u R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w


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s a l a h d i f a h a m i o l e h o r a n g - o r a n g t e r s e b u t s e h i n g g a

l a g i m e n g a h w i n k a n p u c u k - p u c u k t e r s e b u t y a n g m

S e h i n g g a k e l u a r l a h s a b d a R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . : K a l i a n

k a l i a n .

C o n t o h 2

R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . b e r s a b d a : “ S e s e o r a n g p e r e m p u a n

b e s e r t a d e n g a n m a h r a m n y a . ” ( R i w a y a t A l - B u k h a r i )

I l l a h t e g a h a n i n i i a l a h k e r a n a b i m b a n g k e s e l a m a t

s e n d i r i a n t a n p a d i t e m a n i o l e h m a h r a m n y a l a n t a r a n

m e n a i k i u n t a a t a u k e l d a i d a n m e r e n t a s i p a d a n g p a s i r

I n i b e r b e z a p a d a z a m a n s e k a r a n g a p a b i l a m u s a f i r n

t e r b a n g y a n g p e n u m p a n g n y a i t u b e r p u l u h - p u l u h m a

w a n i t a t i d a k l a g i d i k a t a k a n s e b a g a i b e r m u s a f i r s e o r a

o l e h h a d i t h R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . : “ A k a n b e r l a k u s e o r a n

d a r i A l - H i r a h m e n u j u K a a b a h d a n s u a m i n y a t i d a k b e

C o n t o h 3

I b n K h a l d u n t e l a h m e n a f s i r k a n h a d i t h ;

“ P i m p i n a n i t u d a r i p a d a o r a n g Q u r a i s y . ” ( R i w a y a t A h

B a h a w a R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . m e l i h a t o r a n g Q u r a i s y p a

d a n k e k e l u a r g a a n y a n g m e l a y a k k a n m e r e k a m e m e g

R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . m e n s y a r a t k a n o r a n g Q u r a i s y h

m e n g e l a k k a n p e r g a d u h a n k e r a n a m e r e k a m e m p u n y

K i t a m e n g a n g g a p i n i s e b a g a i i l l a h m e n g a p a k e p i m p i n

D e n g a n i t u k i t a m e n s y a r a t k a n o r a n g y a n g h e n d a k m

I s l a m h e n d a k l a h t e r d i r i d a r i p a d a m e r e k a y a n g m e


13/40

s u p a y a o r a n g l a i n m e n g i k u t n y a d a n b e r s a t u d e n g a n

m e n j a d i s t a b i l .

K e l i m a : K e l i m a : K e l i m a : K e l i m a : M e m b e z a k a n M e m b e z a k a n M e m b e z a k a n M e m b e z a k a n D i a n t a r a D i a n t a r a D i a n t a r a D i a n t a r a W a s i l a h W a s i l a h W a s i l a h W a s i l a h Y a n g Y a n g Y a n g Y a n g D a p a t D a p a t D a p a t D a p a t B e r u b a h B e r u b a h B e r u b a h B e r u b a h D e n g a nD e n g a n D e n g a n D e n g a n

T u j u a n T u j u a n T u j u a n T u j u a n Y a n g Y a n g Y a n g Y a n g T e t a p T e t a p T e t a p T e t a p B a g i B a g i B a g i B a g i S e s e b u a h S e s e b u a h S e s e b u a h S e s e b u a h H a d i t h H a d i t h H a d i t h H a d i t h

M e n j a d i k a e d a h u n t u k m e m a h a m i A s - S u n n a h a d a l a h

d a n j u g a m a t l a m a t s e s e b u a h A s - S u n n a h . W a s i l a h i t

m a t l a m a t j u g a s e b a l i k n y a . B a g i o r a n g y a n g b e n a r -

h i k m a h - h i k m a h n y a , a p a y a n g p e n t i n g a d a l a h m a t l a m

s e d a n g k a n w a s i l a h i t u b o l e h b e r u b a h m e n g i k u t t e m p

C o n t o h 1

H a d i t s b a h a w a R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . m e m a k a i g a m i s ,

m e n y e b u t k a n b a h a w a R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . j u g a m e

K i s r a w a n i y y a h , d a n l a i n - l a i n . T e r n y a t a a s a l d a r i p a

t e n t a n g p a k a i a n t e r s e b u t a d a l a h m e n u t u p a u r a t n y a d

C o n t o h 2

H a d i t h b a h a w a R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . m e m e r i n t a h k a n b

a d a l a h b e r l a t i h m e n g g u n a k a n s e n j a t a d a n b u k a n p a

b e r k u d a , y a n g a s a l n y a m e n g e n d a r a i k e n d a r a a n n y a d

C o n t o h 3

S e b a g a i c o n t o h h a d i t h - h a d i t h R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . y a n g

R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . s e p e r t i b e r b e k a m , p e n g g u n a a n l a

s a u d a k , d a n b e r c e l a k . S e b e n a r n y a , i s y a r a t - i s y a r a

p e r u b a t a n i n i b u k a n l a h t u j u a n t e t a p i h a n y a l a h s e b a g

y a n g b e r l u n a s k a n s y a r a k y a n g m e n y a m p a i k a n k e p

d a l a m p e r u b a t a n I s l a m .

D r . Y u s u f A l - Q a r d a w i b e r k o m e n t a r : “ S e t i a p c a r a b e

m a s a , d a r i s a t u k e a d a a n k e p a d a s a t u k e a d a a n , o l e h i t

s a l a h s a t u d a r i p a d a c a r a - c a r a t e r s e b u t , i t u a d a l a h u


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s e s u a i p a d a m a s a i t u d a n t i d a k s e s e k a l i k i t a h a n y a

s e k i r a n y a k i t a m e n d a p a t i s a t u n a s A l - Q u r a n y a n g m e

b a g i s a t u t e m p a t a t a u m a s a , i n i t i d a k s e s e k a l i b e e r t i k

s a h a j a d a n t i d a k b o l e h m e m i k i r k a n c a r a y a n g l e b i h c a

t e m p a t . ”

C o n t o h 4

B e r k e n a a n d e n g a n h a d i t h - h a d i t h u n t u k b e r s i w a k d a

s i w a k . P e r s o a l a n n y a , a d a k a h s i w a k i t u y a n g d i m a k s

k a y u i t u b o l e h d i d a p a t i d e n g a n m u d a h d i n e g e r i A r a b

S y e i k h A b d u l l a h A l - B a s s a m t e l a h m e m e t i k p e n d a p a

b e r s i w a k d e n g a n a p a j e n i s a l a t p u n y a n g d a p a t m e n

d i n a m a k a n b e r s i w a k s e p e r t i m e n g g u n a k a n p e r c a k a

y a n g d i n y a t a k a n d a l a m M a z h a b A b u H a n i f a h . ”

K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a i a l a h : i a l a h : i a l a h : i a l a h : I n i l a h b a h a y a n y a j i k a h a n y a m e m a h a m

l i t e r a l s e m a t a - m a t a t a n p a m e n g e t a h u i m a t l a m a t n y a

R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . s e b a g a i A s - S u n n a h y a n g a p a b i l a dk e l u l i d a h n y a . H a l i n i d i b e r i a m a r a n a k a n b a h a y a n y a

l i t e r a l o l e h D r . T a h a J a b i r A l - U l w a n i p a d a m u k a

B e r i n t e r a k s i D e n g a n A s - S u n n a h ’ i n i . m a k a y a n g

p e m a h a m a n A s - S u n n a h y a n g t i d a k h a n y a l i t e r a l t e

m e m b e z a k a n a n t a r a w a s i l a h R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . d e n g a

K e e n a m : K e e n a m : K e e n a m : K e e n a m : M e m b e z a k a n M e m b e z a k a n M e m b e z a k a n M e m b e z a k a n D i a n t a r a D i a n t a r a D i a n t a r a D i a n t a r a H a k i k a t H a k i k a t H a k i k a t H a k i k a t D e n g a n D e n g a n D e n g a n D e n g a n M a j a z M a j a z M a j a z M a j a z B a g i B a g i B a g i B a g i M e m a h a m M e m a h a m i M e m a h a m i M e m a h a m i

H a d i t h H a d i t h H a d i t h H a d i t h

M e m b e z a k a n d i a n t a r a h a k i k a t d a n m a j a z ( k i a s a n )

b a n y a k m a j a z . R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . a d a l a h o r a n g A r a

k i a s a n n y a . O l e h i t u , t i d a k h a i r a n l a h b a n y a k d a r i p a d

m e n e r a n g k a n s e c a r a k i a s a n .

A p a y a n g d i m a k s u d k a n d e n g a n m a j a z d i s i n i m e r a

b a h a s a , a k a l , i s t i ’ a r a h , k i n a y a h , d a n i s t i ’ a r a h t a m s i l


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16/40

M a k a p e m a h a m a n y a n g s e b e n a r a d a l a h , ‘ s y u r g a i t u

m e n g i s y a r a t k a n k e p a d a a n a k - a n a k y a n g i b u n y a m a s

i b u n y a d a n t i d a k m e n y a k i t i i b u n y a . D a n i n i l a h j a l a n

s e s e o r a n g a n a k i t u k e p a d a s y u r g a .

C o n t o h 4

I m a m A l - B u k h a r i m e r i w a y a t k a n ;

“ S u n g a i N i l , S u n g a i F u r a t , S u n g a i S a i h u n , d a n S u ns y u r g a . ”

“ D i a n t a r a r u m a h k u d a n m i m b a r k u a d a s e b u a h t a m

t a m a n s y u r g a . ”

A n d a i d i f a h a m i k e d u a - d u a h a d i t h d i a t a s s e c a r a l i t

k e c e l a r u a n y a n g b e s a r . K a t a I b n H a z m ( w . 4 5 6 H ) : “

s e b a g a i m a n a a n g g a p a n o r a n g - o r a n g y a n g j a h i l y a n g

s e b a h a g i a n d a r i p a d a s y u r g a d a n s u n g a i - s u n g a i i t u d

d a n d u s t a . ”

B e l i a u m e n y a m b u n g b a h a w a m a k n a r a w d a h i t u s

m e n u n j u k k a n k e l e b i h a n n y a d a n s e s i a p a y a n g m e nm e m b a w a n y a k e s y u r g a . M a n a k a l a , s u n g a i - s u n g a i

k e b e r k a t a n . O l e h i t u , d i k i a s n y a b e r p u n c a d a r i p a d a s y

K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a i a l a h : i a l a h : i a l a h : i a l a h : I n i l a h b a h a s a A r a b , y a n g t e r a n g k u m d

d a n m a j a z . P e m a h a m a n b a h a s a A r a b y a n g b a i k m e n j

y a n g b a i k . S e d a n g k a n b a h a s a M e l a y u p u n a d a k i a s a n

K e t u j u h : K e t u j u h : K e t u j u h : K e t u j u h : M e m b e z a k a n M e m b e z a k a n M e m b e z a k a n M e m b e z a k a n D i a n t a r a D i a n t a r a D i a n t a r a D i a n t a r a Y a n g Y a n g Y a n g Y a n g G h a i b G h a i b G h a i b G h a i b D e n g a n D e n g a n D e n g a n D e n g a n Y a n g Y a n g Y a n g Y a n g N y a t a N y a t a N y a t a N y a t a


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A s - S u n n a h m e m p e r k a t a k a n a k a n p e r k a r a g h a i b y a n

u n t u k m e m i k i r k a n n y a . I n i a d a l a h s e p e r t i m a l a i k a t , j

A l - Q a l a m , A l - M i z a n , A s - S i r a t , m e l i h a t A l l a h s . w . t . d

A p a b i l a m a n u s i a m e n c u b a m e n g g u n a k a n a k a l y a n g

p e r k a r a g h a i b , m a k a j a d i l a h m e r e k a l e b i h t e r u k d a r

m e n g h u r a i k a n g a j a h . G a j a h y a n g d a p a t d i s e n t u h p a n

d a n m e n y i m p a n g , a p a l a g i h a l - h a l g h a i b , m a k a h u r a

l e b i h j a u h s a l a h d a n m e n y i m p a n g .

K a e d a h a p a b i l a b e r h a d a p a n d e n g a n h a l - h a l g h a i b

b e r i m a n d e n g a n s e g a l a h a l - h a l g h a i b y a n g t s a b i t d a r i

M O N D A Y , M O N D A Y , M O N D A Y , M O N D A Y , J U N E J U N E J U N E J U N E 1 4 , 1 4 , 1 4 , 1 4 , 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 0

( R u m u s a n ( R u m u s a n ( R u m u s a n ( R u m u s a n B a b B a b B a b B a b 3 ) 3 ) 3 ) 3 ) B a g a i m a n a B a g a i m a n a B a g a i m a n a B a g a i m a n a B e r i n t e r a k s i B e r i n t e r a k s i B e r i n t e r a k s i B e r i n t e r a k s i D e n g a n D e n g a n D e n g a n D e n g a n A s - A s - A s - A s - S u n n a h _ D r . S u n n a h _ D r . S u n n a h _ D r . S u n n a h _ D r . Y u s u f Y u s u f Y u s u f Y u s u f A l - Q a r d a w i A l - Q a r d a w i A l - Q a r d a w i A l - Q a r d a w i

T a j u k : B a g a i m a n a B e r i n t e r a k s i D e n g a n A l - S u n n a h

K a r y a : A l - A l l a m a h D r . Y u s u f A l - Q a r d a w i

T e r b i t a n : B u d a y a I l m u S d n . B h d .


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T a h u n : 1 9 9 6

A l h a m d u l i l l a h a k a n n i k m a t I m a n j u g a I s l a m , d i s u s u

c e r d a s , b a d a n y a n g c e r g a s , m a s a y a n g l a p a n g , i b u b

n i k m a t t i d a k l a h m u a t t e m p a t n y a u n t u k p e n u l i s t u l i sS u d a h l a m a p e n u l i s i d a m k a n u n t u k m e m b a c a d a n

a l h a m d u l i l l a h – b e r k a i t d e n g a n k e r j a k u r s u s m u s t o l a

p e n u l i s t a m a t k a n b a c a a n d a n s e d i k i t m e m a h a m i k a n d

T i d a k p e n u l i s s i f a t k a n k a r y a D r . Y u s u f A l - Q a r d a w i

s i f a t k a n k a r y a i n i ‘ b e r a t ’ . K e r a n a k e t i n g g i a n i l m u A l

I s l a m m e n g a m b i l m a n f a a t . D a n k i t a m e r a s a k e s a l d e n

m e n y e s a t k a n D r . Y u s u f A l - Q a r d a w i d i d i s i a n g n y a d a

A l - Q a r d a w i d i m a l a m n y a . M o g a A l l a h s . w . t . m e n u n j u

S u d a h l a m a b u k u i n i d i t e r j e m a h k a n , d a n h a n y a s e k

S u n g g u h k e c i l d u n i a i l m u p e n u l i s . D a n t a h n i a h k e p a

D a k i r j u g a M o h a m a d K a m i l H j . A b . M a j i d d a n A n g k a

y a n g k e t i k a i t u d i b a w a h p i m p i n a n D r . M u h a m m a d N

d a n m e n e r b i t k a n b u k u i n i . I n i l a h y a n g d i k e n a l s e b a ن س ن ’س y a n g g a n j a r a n n y

d a r i p a d a A l l a h s . w . t . ‘ ن و ن م م ر ی . ’غ

I n i h a n y a l a h r u m u s a n b a b k e - 3 d a r i p a d a b u k u i n i . P

y a n g p a l i n g p e n t i n g d a l a m b u k u i n i . P e n u l i s s e p e r t i

d a n p e n g a l a m a n – m e m b u a t r u m u s a n d e n g a n m e n

d i k a t a k a n o l e h D r . Y u s u f A l - Q a r d a w i d a n s e s e k a l

m e n g i k u t k e f a h a m a n p e n u l i s . P e n u l i s j u g a - d i s e t i a p

s e d i k i t d a r i p a d a k e s i m p u l a n j u g a y a n g d i f a h a m i p e n u

P e n u l i s m e n g h a r a p k a n a k a n d e n g a n m e m b a c a , m e m

s e b e g i n i , d a p a t l a h s e d i k i t s e b a n y a k m e n g u a t k a n a k

m e n g i k u t j e j a k - j e j a k g e n e r a s i a w a l y a n g A l l a h s . w . t


19/40

j u g a m e r e d h a i A l l a h s . w . t . T i d a k d i l u p a k a n p e n u l i

p e n u l i s d a l a m B a h a s a A r a b m e n i n g k a t .

T a j u k T a j u k T a j u k T a j u k : : : :

K a r y a K a r y a K a r y a K a r y a

T e r b i t a n T e r b i t a n T e r b i t a n T e r b i t a n : : : :

T a h u n T a h u n T a h u n T a h u n : : : : 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 5

I n i b u k u n y a d a l a m B a h a s a A r a b y a n g m e n j a d i t e m a

b u k u t e r j e m a h n y a d a l a m B a h a s a M e l a y u . T u j u a n n

b a h a s a . P e n u l i s m e n g e r t i b e l u m c u k u p b a h k a n t i d a k

u n t u k p e n u l i s m e n g u a s a i B a h a s a A r a b , p e r l u u n t u k p

B u k u i n i m e n j a d i b u k u t u k a r a n y a n g d i b e r i k a n o l e h

k i n i b e l a j a r d i T a n t a U n i v e r s i t y – i n s y a l l a h b a k a l d o

p e n u l i s j u g a m e m b e r i k a n k e p a d a b e l i a u b u k u y a n g l

s a l i n g m e m b e r i .

D a n p e n u l i s b e l u m l a g i m a m p u u n t u k m e m b u a t r u

P e n u l i s b e r c i t a - c i t a k e p a d a i t u . I n s y a l l a h n a n t i .


20/40

P e n g e n a l a n P e n g e n a l a n P e n g e n a l a n P e n g e n a l a n

A s - S u n n a h m e m p u n y a i k e d u d u k a n n y a y a n g i s t i m

m e n j a d i s u m b e r s y a r i a t I s l a m s e l e p a s A l - Q u r a n . F i r m

“ K a t a k a n l a h : J i k a k a m u ( b e n a r - b e n a r ) m e n c i n t a i A

m e n g a s i h i d a n m e n g a m p u n i d o s a - d o s a m u . A l l a h M

P e n y a y a n g . ” ( S u r a h A l i - I m r a n : 3 1 )

K a t a A l - H a f i z I b n K a t h i r ( w . 7 7 4 H ) : “ A y a t i n i a d a l a h

m e n d a k w a m e n c i n t a i A l l a h t e t a p i t i d a k d i a t a s j a l a

s e s u n g g u h n y a d i a a d a l a h p e n d u s t a a t a s a p a y a n g d i d

s y a r i a t M u h a m m a d s . a . w . d a n a g a m a n a b a w i d a l a m

d a n h a l e h w a l n y a s e p e r t i y a n g p a s t i d i r i w a y a t k a n o l

d a r i p a d a R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . :

“ S e s i a p a y a n g b e r a m a l d e n g a n s u a t u a m a l a n y a n g t i d

a m a l a n n y a i t u d i t o l a k . ”

A l - M u b a r a k f u r i ( w . 7 5 1 H ) d a l a m u l a s a n n y a b e r k a t a

d a l a m a y a t i n i s e t i a p o r a n g y a n g m e n d a k w a m e n g

M u h a m m a d s . a . w . , d a n t i d a k b e r m a k n a m e n g i k u t N b a g i n d a s . a . w . d a l a m s e l u r u h p e r k a t a a n , p e r b u a t a n

s e m u a i n i a d a l a h h a d i t h n a b i . S u d a h n y a t a , b a h a w a

h a d i t h n a b i d a n t i d a k b e r p e n d a p a t y a n g b e r p e g a n g d

d a k w a a n k e c i n t a a n n y a p a d a A l l a h a d a l a h w a j i b , m a k

A l l a h j u g a d u s t a . S e s i a p a y a n g d a k w a a n n y a d u s t a ,

k e p a d a A l l a h j u g a d u s t a t a n p a s e b a r a n g k e r a g u a n l a g


21/40

A s - S u n n a h a d a l a h t a f s i r a n a m a l i b a g i A l - Q u r a n d a n

t u b u h y a n g m e n u n j u k k a n p e r l a k s a a n a m a l i i n i .

D a l a m h a n y a a k h l a k , s e p e r t i y a n g d i r i w a y a t k a n o

d a r i p a d a A i s y a h r . a . , k e t i k a A i s y a h r . a . d i t a n y a m e n

m a k a d i j a w a b n y a A i s y a h r . a . : .

A s - S u n n a h j u g a a d a l a h p e n y e l a m a t k e h i d u p a n o r a n

d a n a k h i r a t . O r a n g - o r a n g y a n g b e r i m a n y a n g m e n i

S u n n a h W a l J a m a a h a d a l a h o r a n g - o r a n g y a n g b e r i m

S u n n a h R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . K a t a S y e i k h A l - I s l a m I m a m

“ T e r n y a t a b a h a w a m a n u s i a y a n g p a l i n g b e r h a k m e n

y a n g b e r j a y a ) i a l a h a h l h a d i t h d a n s u n n a h , y a n g b a

m e r e k a b e r t a k s u b k e p a d a n y a m e l a i n k a n R a s u l u l l u h

y a n g p a l i n g m e n g e t a h u i p e r k a t a a n d a n h a l e h w a l B

m e m b e z a k a n a n t a r a h a d i t h y a n g s a h i h d a n y a n g c a c a

K a t a I b n T a i m i a h l a g i ;

“ K a m i t i d a k m a k s u d k a n a h l i h a d i t h i t u h a n y a t e r b

m e n d e n g a r , m e n u l i s , d a n m e r i w a y a t k a n h a d i t h . Y a n

y a n g b e n a r - b e n a r m e n g h a f a l , m e n g e t a h u i , m e m a h

m e n g i k u t i z a h i r d a n b a t i n . D e m i k i a n j u g a A l - Q u r a n

m e n c i n t a i A l - Q u r a n d a n A l - H a d i t h . M e n g k a j i n y a d

s e g a l a k e w a j i p a n y a n g m e r e k a k e t a h u i d a r i p a d a n y a

m e n g e t a h u i t e n t a n g R a s u l d a r i p a d a f u q a h a l a i n . K

m e n g e t a h u i R a s u l d a r i p a d a s u f i y a n g l a i n . P a r a p e b e r p e g a n g k e p a d a s i y a s a h n a b a w i y a h d a r i p a d a s e l a i n

M a k a d a p a t l a h d i s i m p u l k a n b a h a w a A s - S u n n a h i t

a n t a r a n y a i a l a h A s - S u n n a h s e b a g a i s u m b e r s y a r i a t

S u n n a h s e b a g a i t a f s i r a n a m a l i b a g i A l - Q u r a n , A s -

k e h i d u p a n o r a n g - o r a n g y a n g b e r i m a n d i d u n i a d a n a k

O l e h s e b a b i t u , p e r l u d i t e r a n g k a n d a n d i j e l a s k a n a

D e n g a n A s - S u n n a h ’ s e l e p a s m e l i h a t k e p e n t i n g a n - k e


22/40

A s - S u n n a h A s - S u n n a h A s - S u n n a h A s - S u n n a h

S a y a m e m b a w a k a n p e n g e r t i a n t e n t a n g A s - S u n n a h ;

D a r i s u d u t b a h a s a b e r e r t i : A t - T a r i q a h d a n A s - S i r a

m a h u p u n y a n g y a n g t e r c e l a .

F i r m a n A l l a h s . w . t . ;

“ ( K a m i m e n e t a p k a n y a n g d e m i k i a n ) s e b a g a i s u a t u

K a m i y a n g K a m i u t u s s e b e l u m k a m u d a n t i d a k a k a n

k e t e t a p a n K a m i i t u . ” ( S u r a h A l - I s r a ’ : 7 7 )

S a b d a R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . ;

“ H e n d a k l a h k a m u m e n g i k u t i s u n n a h k u d a n s u n n

s e l e p a s k u . ” ( R i w a y a t k a n o l e h A b u D a u d d a n A t - T a r m

A s - S u n n a h p u l a d a r i p a d a i s t i l a h n y a ;

U l a m a k f i q h m e m b a h a s k a n m e n g e n a i R a s u l u l l a h

p e r k a t a a n d a n p e r b u a t a n b a g i n d a s . a . w . y a n g t i d a k

h u k u m s y a r a k y a n g l i m a i a i t u w a j i b , s u n a t , h a r a m ,

S u n n a h m u n u r u t u l a m a k f i q h i a l a h : S e s u a t u y a n g d

s . a . w . s e l a i n d a r i p a d a w a j i b i a i t u s a l a h s a t u d a r i p a d a

i a i t u w a j i b , s u n a t , h a r a m , h a r a m , m a k r u h , m u b a h .

U l a m a k u s u l p u l a m e m b a h a s k a n m e n g e n a i R a s u l u

s y a r i a t , y a n g m e n e t a p k a n k a e d a h - k a e d a h y a n g h a r u

m u j t a h i d g e n e r a s i b e r i k u t n y a , y a n g m e n j e l a s k a n u n

A s - S u n n a h m e n u r u t u l a m a k u s u l : S e g a l a s e s u a t u y

R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . s e l a i n A l - Q u r a n s a m a d a p e r k a t

R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w .


23/40

U l a m a k h a d i t h p u l a m e m b a h a s k a n t e n t a n g R a s u l u l

b a i k d a n i k u t a n s a m a d a h i d u p b a g i n d a s . a . w . , a t a u p

a t a u p u n p e r k a t a a n d a n p e r b u a t a n b a g i n d a s . a . w . , a

M a k a , A s - S u n n a h m e n u r u t u l a m a k h a d i t h : S e g a l a s e

R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . s a m a d a p e r k a t a a n , p e r b u a t a n , k e

p e r j a l a n a n h i d u p b a g i n d a s . a . w .

P e n g e r t i a n A s - S u n n a h y a n g b e b e z a - b e z a i n i b e r p u n

u l a m a k t e r h a d a p o b j e k t i f b i d a n g k a j i a n m e r e k a m a s i

D i b a w a h a d a l a h d i s i p l i n - d i s i p l i n y a n g p a t u t d i p a t u h

S u n n a h ;

P e r t a m a : P e r t a m a : P e r t a m a : P e r t a m a : M e m a h a m i M e m a h a m i M e m a h a m i M e m a h a m i A s - S u n n a h A s - S u n n a h A s - S u n n a h A s - S u n n a h M e n u r u t M e n u r u t M e n u r u t M e n u r u t P e r s p e k t i f P e r s p e k t i f P e r s p e k t i f P e r s p e k t i f A l - Q u r a n A l - Q u r a n A l - Q u r a n A l - Q u r a n

A l - Q u r a n m e r u p a k a n r o h d a n a s a s a g a m a I s l a m . I a m

m a n a s e g a l a u n d a n g - u n d a n g d a l a m I s l a m a d a l a h m

A n - N a b a w i y a h m e n j e l a s k a n d u s t u r i n i ( F a h m u s u n . I a j u g a

m e n e r a n g k a n A l - Q u r a n s e c a r a t e o r i d a n p r a k t i k n y a

t a f s i r ) . D e n g a n i n i p e r a n a n R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . a d a l a h

A l - Q u r a n y a n g d i t u r u n k a n k e p a d a m a n u s i a . A s - S u nt i d a k a d a d a l a m a l - Q u r a n ( B a y a n u t s a b i t ) .

T i d a k s e s e k a l i A s - S u n n a h y a n g m e n j e l a s k a n d a n m

d e n g a n A l - Q u r a n . S e m a c a m t i d a k s e s e k a l i y a n g f u r u

a s a l . O l e h s e b a b i t u , p e n j e l a s a n d a n p e n e r a n g a n R a s u

d i s e k i t a r p e n g a j a r a n A l - Q u r a n d a n t i d a k a k a n m e l e b

D e n g a n i t u , t i d a k a k a n d i d a p a t i A s - S u n n a h y a n g s a

a y a t A l - Q u r a n y a n g m u h k a m a t d a n p e n j e l a s a n - p e n

A n d a i k a t a t e r j a d i p e r t e n t a n g a n , m a k a k e t a h u i l a h b a

k e m u n g k i n a n y a n g t i g a ;

< ! - - [ i f ! s u p p o r t L i s t s ] - - > 1 . < ! - - [ e n d i f ] - - > H a d i t h i t u y a n g t i d a k s a h i h , a t a u

< ! - - [ i f ! s u p p o r t L i s t s ] - - > 2 . < ! - - [ e n d i f ] - - > F a h a m a n k i t a y a n g t i d a k b e t u l , a t a u

< ! - - [ i f ! s u p p o r t L i s t s ] - - > 3 . < ! - - [ e n d i f ] - - > T i d a k a d a p e r t e n t a n g a n p a d a h a k i k


24/40

C o n t o h 1

H a d i t h y a n g d i r i w a y a t k a n o l e h M u s l i m d a r i p a d a A n a

“ S e s u n g g u h n y a b a p a k u d a n b a p a m u d i d a l a m n e r a k a

H a d i t h i n i d i u c a p k a n o l e h R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . k e t i k a

s e o r a n g l e l a k i , d i m a n a k a h b a p a M u ?

D i s i n i D r . Y u s u f A l - Q a r d a w i b e r t a n y a : “ A p a k a h d o

y a n g m e n j a d i k a n d i a p e n g h u n i n e r a k a s e d a n g k a n d

f i t r a h . M e n g i k u t p e n d a p a t y a n g s a h i h , a h l i f i t r a h t e r l

“ T e r l i n t a s d i h a t i s a y a b a h a w a y a n g d i m a k s u d k a n d e

i n i i a l a h ‘ b a p a s a u d a r a k u ’ . ”

K e m u d i a n D r . Y u s u f A l - Q a r d a w i b e r d a l i l k a n a y a t

d i f a h a m i b a h a w a ‘ b a p a k u ’ d a l a m h a d i t h d i a t a s a d a l

i n i b e r t e n t a n g a n d e n g a n ;

“ K a m i t i d a k a k a n m e n g a z a b s e s u a t u k a u m s e h i n g g a l

s e o r a n g R a s u l . ” ( S u r a h A l - I s r a ’ : 1 5 )

D r . Y u s u f A l - Q a r d a w i m e n y a m b u n g : “ P a r a f u q a h a

y a n g m e r e k a m a k s u d k a n i a l a h o r a n g - o r a n g y a n g h i d

d e n g a n z a m a n N a b i M u h a m m a d s . a . w . J a r a k m a s a d r i w a y a t A l - B u k h a r i d a r i p a d a S a l m a n i a l a h s e l a m a e n

K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a i a l a h i a l a h i a l a h i a l a h : M a k a p e m a h a m a n s e b e n a r h a d i t h d i a t

b e r m a k s u d ‘ b a p a s a u d a r a k u ’ b e r d a l i l k a n a y a t 1 3 3 ,

z a m a n h i d u p A b d u l l a h a d a l a h p a d a z a m a n f i t r a h i a i t

d e n g a n N a b i M u h a m m a d s . a . w . y a n g t i d a k d i u t u s k a

R a s u l . D a n A l l a h s . w . t . h a n y a a k a n m e n g a z a b u m a t y

i t u R a s u l ( S u r a h A l - I s r a ’ : 1 5 ) .


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C o n t o h 2

- -

- -

“ M a k a a p a k a h p a t u t k a m u ( h a i o r a n g - o r a n g m u s y r i

U z z a , . D a n M a n a h y a n g k e t i g a , y a n g p a l i n g t e r k e m u

A l l a h ) ? . A p a k a h ( p a t u t ) u n t u k k a m u ( a n a k ) l a k i - l a

p e r e m p u a n ? . Y a n g d e m i k i a n i t u t e n t u l a h s u a t u p e m b

l a i n h a n y a l a h n a m a - n a m a y a n g k a m u d a n b a p a - b a p

t i d a k m e n u r u n k a n s u a t u k e t e r a n g a n p u n u n t u k ( m e n

h a n y a l a h m e n g i k u t i s a n g k a a n - s a n g k a a n , d a n a p a y

m e r e k a d a n s e s u n g g u h n y a t e l a h d a t a n g p e t u n j u k

m e r e k a . ” ( S u r a h A n - N a j m : 1 9 - 2 3 )

A l - Q u r a n d e n g a n j e l a s m e n g e j i b e r h a l a - b e r h a l a y a n

M a n n a i n i . T i d a k d a p a t d i t e r i m a a k a l a p a b i l a t e r d a p b e r h a l a i n i p u l a . C o n t o h n y a ;

“ I t u a d a l a h A l - G h a r a n i q y a n g t i n g g i d a n s y a f a a t d a r i p

K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a i a l a h i a l a h i a l a h i a l a h : M a k a d e n g a n j e l a s d i y a k i n i b a h a w a h

t s a b i t d i s i s i a h l i h a d i t h o l e h k e r a n a h a k i k a t h a d i t h i n i

C o n t o h 3

A l - Q u r a n m e n g h a r a m k a n b a n g k a i , t e t a p i h u k u m t

S u n n a h u n t u k b a n g k a i i k a n d a n b e l a l a n g d a l a m h a d i t

:


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K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a i a l a h i a l a h i a l a h i a l a h : M a k a d i h a r a m k a n s e g a l a j e n i s b a n g

d i n y a t a k a n A l - Q u r a n m e l a i n k a n b a n g k a i i k a n d a n

d i n y a t a k a n o l e h A s - S u n n a h .

K e d u a : K e d u a : K e d u a : K e d u a : M e n g h i m p u n k a n M e n g h i m p u n k a n M e n g h i m p u n k a n M e n g h i m p u n k a n H a d i t h - H a d i t h H a d i t h - H a d i t h H a d i t h - H a d i t h H a d i t h - H a d i t h Y a n g Y a n g Y a n g Y a n g B e r k a i t a n B e r k a i t a n B e r k a i t a n B e r k a i t a n D a l a m D a l a m D a l a m D a l a m S a t u S a t u S a t u S a t u T a j u k T a j u k T a j u k T a j u k

M e n g g a b u n g k a n h a d i t h - h a d i t h d a l a m s a t u p e n g e r t i

w a h i d ) . J i k a m e l i h a t h a d i t h - h a d i t h b e r t e n t a n g a n m a

s a t u p e n g e r t i a n y a n g b e n a r .

H a d i t h - h a d i t h y a n g m u t a s y a b i h h e n d a k l a h d i r u j u k m

y a n g m u h k a m . H a d i t h - h a d i t h y a n g m u t l a k h e n d a k l ah a d i t h y a n g m u q a y y a d . H a d i t h - h a d i t h y a n g u m u m

h a d i t h - h a d i t h y a n g k h u s u s . D e n g a n d e m i k i a n , a k a n

t e r s e b u t d a n t i d a k b e r c a n g g a h s e s a m a n y a .

C o n t o h 1

H a d i t h b e r k e n a a n d e n g a n i s b a l i a i t u m e l a b u h k a n p a

A n t a r a c o n t o h - c o n t o h h a d i t h t e r s e b u t a d a l a h ;

D a r i p a d a A b u D h a r r . a . k a t a n y a R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . b e

A l l a h s . w . t . t i d a k a k a n b e r k a t a - k a t a k e p a d a m e r e k a

m e n g u n g k i t - u n g k i t p e m b e r i a n n y a , o r a n g y a n g m e l a

d e n g a n s u m p a h p a l s u , d a n o r a n g y a n g m e l a b u h k a n p

( R i w a y a t M u s l i m )

D a r i p a d a A b u H u r a i r a h r . a . k a t a n y a R a s u l u l l a h s . a

m e l a b u h k a n ) p a k a i a n h i n g g a d i b a w a h d u a b u k u l a( R i w a y a t A l - B u k h a r i )

R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . b e r s a b d a : “ ( O r a n g y a n g m e l a b u h k

b u k u l a l i a d a l a h d i d a l a m n e r a k a . ” ( R i w a y a t A n - N a s a

D a r i p a d a A b u H u r a i r a h r . a . k a t a n y a R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w

k e p a d a o r a n g y a n g m e n g h e r e t p a k a i a n n y a d e n g a n b

B u k h a r i )


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D a r i p a d a A b d u l l a h i b n U m a r r . a . k a t a n y a R a s u l u l l a h

m e n g h e r e t p a k a i a n n y a d e n g a n b e r m e g a h - m e g a h , A

h a r i k i a m a t . A b u B a k r b e r t a n y a , “ W a h a i R a s u l u l l a h ,

l a b u h k e c u a l i a k u t e r p a k s a m e n j a g a n y a . ” N a b i s . a .

d a r i p a d a o r a n g y a n g m e l a k u k a n u n t u k b e r m e g a h - m e

D a n b a n y a k l a g i c o n t o h - c o n t o h h a d i t h y a n g b e r k a

m e n j e l a s k a n h a d i t h - h a d i t h i n i , s a y a m e m b a w a k a n ;

M e n u r u t I m a m A n - N a w a w i : “ H a d i t h - h a d i t h y a n g

h e n d a k l a h d i k h u s u s k a n d e n g a n h a d i t h - h a d i t h y a n g a

m e g a h . O l e h i t u , m a k s u d t e g a h a n d i d a l a m h a d i t h

m e n g h e r e t - h e r e t p a k a i a n n y a d e n g a n b e r m e g a h - m e

m e n g h a r u s k a n A b u B a k r r . a . k e r a n a A b u B a k r r . a . m

b e r m e g a h - m e g a h . ”

K a t a D r . Y u s u f A l - Q a r d a w i : “ O r a n g y a n g h e n d a k

b e r t u j u a n k e r a n a m e n i k u t s u n n a h , m e n j a u h i s i k a p

k h i l a f u l a m a k , d a n h e n d a k b e r p e g a n g d e n g a n y a n g

m e n d a p a t p a h a l a d e n g a n s y a r a t d i a t i d a k m e m a k s a o

K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a i a l a h : i a l a h : i a l a h : i a l a h : M a k a t i d a k h a r a m m e l a b u h k a n p a k a

b e r m e g a h - m e g a h . Y a n g d i m a k s u d k a n d a l a m h a d i t h

m e l a b u h k a n p a k a i a n d e n g a n t u j u a n b e r m e g a h - m e g a

A l l a h s . w . t .

C o n t o h 2

H a d i t h y a n g m e n y a t a k a n b a t a l n y a o r a n g p u a s a y a n

l a i n n y a m e n y a t a k a n t i d a k b a t a l , t e r n y a t a s e t e l a h d i

d a l a m h a d i t h p e r t a m a o r a n g t e r s e b u t b e r b e k a m s a m

s e h i n g g a b a t a l n y a k e r a n a h a l t e r s e b u t d a n b u k a n k e r a

C o n t o h 3

I m a m A l - B u k h a r i m e r i w a y a t k a n d a r i p a d a A b u U m

b e l i a u m e l i h a t a l a t p e r t a n i a n ( b a j a k ) , k a t a n y a , “ A k u

b e r s a b d a :


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“ T i d a k m a s u k a l a t i n i k e d a l a m r u m a h s e s u a t u k a u m

k e d a l a m r u m a h i t u k e h i n a a n . ”

Z a h i r h a d i t h i n i m e n u n j u k k a n b a h a w a R a s u l l u l a h s .

t a n a h d a n m e n a n a m t a n a m a n y a n g m e m b a w a k e p a

b e k e r j a d a l a m b i d a n g i n i .

A p a b i l a d i k u m p u l k a n h a d i t h - h a d i t h b e r k a i t a n ( d a

d i b a w a k a n d i s i n i ) ;

R a s u l l u l a h s . a . w . b e r s a b d a : “ S e s e o r a n g M u s l i m y a nk e m u d i a n t a n a m a n i t u d i m a k a n b u r u n g , m a n u s i a , a

s e d e k a h d a r i p a d a i t u . ” ( R i w a y a t A l - B u k h a r i d a n M u s

R a s u l l u l a h s . a . w . b e r s a b d a : “ S e k i r a n y a b e r l a k u k

s e s e o r a n g d a r i p a d a k a m u a d a b e n i h p o k o k t a n a m a n

s e b e l u m b e r l a k u n y a k i a m a t , h e n d a k l a h d i a m e n a m

A h m a d )

A l - H a f i z I b n H a j a r A l - A s q a l a n i ( w . 8 5 2 H ) b e r k o m e n

p e r t a n i a n i a i t u a p a b i l a a l a t p e r t a n i a n i t u d i g u n a k a n

a k a n m e n j a d i l a l a i d a n m e n i n g g a l k a n p e r k a r a y a n g

m e n i n g g a l k a n k e w a j i p a n b e r j i h a d … ”

K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a K e s i m p u l a n n y a i a l a h : i a l a h : i a l a h : i a l a h : M a k a d a p a t l a h d i f a h a m i b a h a w a k e j i a

p a d a a l a t p e r t a n i a n i t u h a n y a l a h j i k a a l a t p e r t a n i a

d a r i p a d a a g a m a .

K e t i g a : K e t i g a : K e t i g a : K e t i g a : P e n g e l a r a s a n P e n g e l a r a s a n P e n g e l a r a s a n P e n g e l a r a s a n A t a u A t a u A t a u A t a u T a r j i h T a r j i h T a r j i h T a r j i h D i a n t a r a D i a n t a r a D i a n t a r a D i a n t a r a H a d i t h - H a d i t h H a d i t h - H a d i t h H a d i t h - H a d i t h H a d i t h - H a d i t h Y a Y a n g Y a n g Y a n g

B e r t e n t a n g a n B e r t e n t a n g a n B e r t e n t a n g a n B e r t e n t a n g a n

A s a s n y a , n a s - n a s s y a r a k y a n g s a h i h t i d a k a k a n b e r t e

y a n g l a i n . J i k a d i a n d a i k a n a d a p e r t e n t a n g a n , s e b e n

p a d a z a h i r s a h a j a t i d a k p a d a h a k i k a t n y a .


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K a t a I b n Q u d a m a h ( w . 6 2 0 H ) : “ K e t a h u i l a h b a h a w a

b e r l a w a n a n . H a l i n i t i d a k b o l e h t e r j a d i k e p a d a d u a d

d a n s a b d a N a b i t i d a k s a l i n g m e n d u s t a i a n t a r a s a t u d e

K a t a A b u B a k a r b i n H u z a i m a h ( w . 3 1 1 H ) : “ S a y a t i d h a d i t h N a b i y a n g s a h i h y a n g b e r c a n g g a h . S e s i a p a y

s a m p a i l a h k e p a d a s a y a , s a y a a k a n m e n y e l a r a s k a n . ”

P e r t e n t a n g a n d i a n t a r a n a s - n a s y a n g s a h i h i t u d a

p e n y e l a r a s a n ( t a w f i q ) – m e n e r i m a s e m u a n a s - n a s i t

s a t u n a s d a n m e n o l a k y a n g l a i n n y a .

D i l i h a t s e j a r a h n y a ( t a ' a r i k h ) , j i k a t i d a k b i s a d i g a b b e r t e n t a n g a n ) , m a k a d i l i h a t m a n a y a n g l e b i h d u l u d a

s e h i n g g a y a n g d a t a n g k e m u d i a n i t u a d a l a h m e n g h a p

T a r j i h i t u m e n e r i m a s a t u n a s d a n m e n o l a k y a n g l a i n

m e n c a r i m a n a y a n g l e b i h s a h i h ( d i a n t a r a h a d i t h - h a

s a h i h .

C o n t o h 1

S e p e r t i d a l a m s u a t u h a d i t h d i s e b u t k a n R a s u l u l l a h s

m i s k i n , s e m e n t a r a b a n y a k h a d i t h - h a d i t h l a i n R a s u l

M a k a d i g a b u n g k a n b a h a w a y a n g d i m a k s u d m i s k i n

s i k a p o r a n g m i s k i n y a n g r e n d a h h a t i d a n t i d a k s o m b o

C o n t o h 2

S e p e r t i h a d i t h n i k a h M u t ’ a h y a n g b a n y a k d i p a k a i

R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . p e r n a h m e m b o l e h k a n n y a d a l a m s a

d i h a p u s s e l a m a - l a m a n y a o l e h R a s u l u l l a h s . a . w . s

k e c e l a r u a n n y a .

C o n t o h 3

H a d i t h - h a d i t h b e r k e n a a n d e n g a n t a j u k ‘ p e r e m p u a n

b a n y a k h a d i t h - h a d i t h y a n g m e m b e n a r k a n p e r e m p u a


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p u l a h a d i t h - h a d i t h y a n g m e l a r a n g p e r e m p u a n m

m e m b e n a r k a n l e b i h b a n y a k d a r i p a d a y a n g m e l a r a n g

U n t u k m e n y e l a r a s k a n , “ C a r a n y a i a l a h l a r a n g a n y a n

s e b a g a i m a n a y a n g d i n y a t a k a n o l e h A l - Q u r t u b i a d a lt e r l a m p a u k e r a p m e n z i a r a h i k u b u r . K a t a A l - Q u r t u

p e r b u a t a n i t u ( m e n z i a r a h i k u b u r d e n g a n t e r l a l u k e

b e r k u r a n g n y a d i a m e m b e r i h a k d a n p e r h a t i a n k e p a d

p e n d e d a h a n a u r a t , ( a t a u p u n ) m e r a u n g - r a u n g d i a t a s

J i k a t i d a k b e r l a k u d e m i k i a n i t u m a k a d i i z i n k a n b a g i w

m e n g i n g a t i m a t i a d a l a h p e r l u b a g i k a u m l e l a k i d a n w

C o n t o h 4

H a d i t h - h a d i t h b e r k

Terjemahan Hadis Hukum

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