Teknik Animasi
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TEKNIK ANIMASI
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Apa ...?
Film
Animasi
Film Animasi
+
=
Animasi Komputer
Teknik Animasi
Visualisasi
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Apa itu Film, Animasi, Film Animasi?
• Film hidup Dunia Fotografi Foto Kamera, seni peran, seni dekorasi (latar, pencahayaan)
• Merekam suatu keadaan atau mengemukakan sesuatu.
• Kamus ... Purwadarminta, 1984:• “Barang tipis seperti selaput yang dibuat dari
seluloid tempat gambar potret negatif (yang akan dibuat potret atau yang dimainkan dalam bioskop)”
• “Lakon (cerita) gambar hidup”
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Apa itu Film, Animasi, Film Animasi?
• Animasi Dunia Grafis Gambar ilustrasi desain grafis (desain komunikasi visual)
• Encyclopedia Americana vol. VI, 1976:• “Animated, a motion picture consisting of a
series of individual hand-drawn sketches, in which the positions or gestures of the figures are varied slightly from one sketch to another. Generally, the series is film end, when projected on screen, suggest that figures are moving”
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Film
(Kamera)Non Animasi
Animasi(Gambar)
• Berdasarkan Materi Pembuatan:• Dwi-Matra (2D)
• Animasi Sel (Cel Animation)• Animasi Potongan (Cut-out
Animation)• Animasi Bayangan (Silhoutte
Animation)• Animasi Kolase (Collage
Animation)• Gambar langsung pada film
• Tri-Matra (3D)• Animasi Boneka• Animasi Model• Animasi Pixilasi
• Berdasarkan proses produksi:• Animasi Klasik• Animasi Stop-Motion• Animasi Komputer/Digital
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Apa itu Animasi Komputer?
• Pembuatan gambar-gambar/citra bergerak melalui penggunaan komputer
• Sub Bidang garfika komputer (computer graphics) • Aplikasi-aplikasi :
– Film– program TV– Computer games– Web contents– Aplikasi Simulasi Pemodelan
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Teknik Animasi?
• Cara/Metode/Rekayasa didalam Pembuatan Animasi agar produktif, efektif, dan efisien
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Topics of computer animation• Character animation (3D animation)
– Keyframe animation, motion capture– Rigging, facial animation– Motion planning, motion editing– Crowd simulation
• Physically-based animation– Rigid objects– Cloth, strands, deformable objects– Fluids (fire, water, smoke)
• 2D Cell Animation
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Character Animation
• Controlling characters – humans / cartoon characters / animals – Using real human movements– Manually creating the movements
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Motion capture
• Digitizing the human movements • Tracking the movements of the markers• Apply them to virtual characters
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Rigging
• Need to decide how the surface deforms according to the movements of the skeleton
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Motion Editing• Making use of the captured motions for
different scenes • Adjust the movements so that they satisfy
constraints
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Motion Planning• How to switch from one posture to another
without colliding with other objects / characters
• How to control characters so that they behave smartly
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Crowd simulation• Simulating the pedestrians in the streets• How does one's movement affect those of the
others
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Facial animation • Animating the face by
– Motion capture data– Using musculoskeletal models
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Physically-based animation: Rigid Objects
• Simulating rigid objects flying, colliding, and bouncing• Technical issues
– Collision detection– Deciding the initial conditions and adding virtual forces so
that the scene appears in the way like you
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Physically-based animation: Cloth simulation
• Simulating the movements of clothes when the body moves
• How the wind affects the shape
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Physically-based animation: Hair• How the hair moves when the wind blows• Need to take into account
– the physical properties of the hair,– Collisions between the hair – The lighting effects
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Physically-based animation: Fluids
• Simulating liquid, mud, fire, bubbles• How to efficiently simulate the motion of
the fluids• How to control the fluids so that the
animator can get what s/he wants
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Wrecks/Crashes/Destruction
• Simulate how / where the destruction starts and expands
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2D Cell animation • For a 30 minute cartoon, 3000 cell pictures are
needed• This requires a month labour of 50 professional
drawers • How to create 2D Cell animation efficiently
– Using 3D graphics and render in a 2D cell animation fashion
– lighting, shadows, deformation
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What is visualisation?
• Application of interactive 3D computer graphics to the understanding of data.– interactive viewing, understanding and reasoning process
• Conversion of numbers → images– humans are generally poor at raw numerical data analysis– human visual reasoning allows robust analysis of visual stimuli
→ convert numerical analysis into visual analysis
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Simple Example : Maps
•Numbers represent height on a 2D map •– so what is the shape of this famous mountain?
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Simple Example : Maps
with 3D graphics we can represent the shape of the mountain directly - we can improve the visualisation of this height data by viewing it in 3D
Ben Nevis Fly Through: http://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk
Ben Nevis – visualisation of 3D satellite data http://earth.google.com
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Visual Data Analysis “presenting data in a convenient and efficient
visual form for human visual analysis” Combining multi-dimensional data into a
single image so that it is easy to understand Extracting important features and
emphasizing them Extracting important surface data from volume data Coloring it in various ways so that it is easy to understand
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Computer Visualisation Strengths of computing as a visualisation
tool: 3D computer graphics
— multi-dimensional data— temporal data (suitable for animation)
human computer interaction— visualisation is an interactive process
Data storage / processing— large amounts of data (fast, random access)— data transformation
This course: data representation & transformation for visualisation
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Features of Visualisation : 1 Multi-dimensional
Data data with 3 or more
dimensions (ℛN, N >= 3)
We use computer graphics to produce an image from the high dimensional data
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Features of Visualisation : 2 Interaction
user driven process user does analysis
— computer does visualisation
Unlike numerical analysis of statistics the user does the analysis
http://www.paraview.org/
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Features of Visualisation : 3 Data transformation
data is repeatedly created and modified to enhance meaning to the user
202.0000000000 -221.0050048828 -170.1450042725 202.5000000000 -220.5050048828 -169.8619995117 202.5000000000 -221.0050048828 -169.7920074463209.0000000000 -296.5029907227 -165.5749969482 .....
Raw 3D points from a range scanner
Projected 3D point cloud
Triangulated 3D surface + associated depth colouring
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Features of Visualisation : 4 Flow of data
— e.g. weather, financial prices, air flow
— time varying (temporal) data— visualisation of flow— Can use animation— Vector fields (many flows)
http://www.paraview.org/
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Information Visualization Visualization of abstract data
Book contents Graphs, Networks (social networks, train
routes) Transaction data
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Gambaran Proyek Animasi
• Multiplayer realtime animation system (develop a game)• Development of a simulated character• Character animation from editing motion capture• High-level behavior: path planning, herding, traffic simulations• Procedural animations: fractals for natural phenomena, algorithmic
plants, guided evolution, morphing• Simulation of flexible objects• Facial animation• Natural phenomena modeling• Animation tools: intelligent camera motion, sound generation• Animation for education: engineering, visualization
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Sumber :
Computer Animation and VisualisationTaku Komura
(http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/tkomura/cav/)
Animation Movie--------------