Supply Chain Management

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Supply Chain Management Andary A Munita Hanafiah

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Supply Chain Management. Rule Of Conduct. Min 80% Present in Class Don’t Use Sandal, Kaos Oblong and Hand Phone During the Lecture Having Good Attitude Complete all assignment On time. Tantangan Yang Dihadapi. Perubahan kondisi Pasar : Seller’s Market  Buyer’s Market. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Supply Chain Management

Page 1: Supply Chain Management

Supply Chain Management

Andary A Munita Hanafiah

Page 2: Supply Chain Management

Rule Of Conduct

• Min 80% Present in Class• Don’t Use Sandal, Kaos Oblong and Hand

Phone During the Lecture• Having Good Attitude• Complete all assignment On time

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Tantangan Yang Dihadapi

• Perubahan kondisi Pasar : Seller’s Market Buyer’s Market.

• Kebutuhan Konsumen :• Keragaman dari produk• Ketersediaan produk• Harga yang bersaing• Layanan yang ditawarkan• Prilaku beli Konsumen

• Kompetisi Global

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Kebutuhan Manufaktur

Variety Product

Shorter Lead Time

Good Quality

Technology Investment

Lower Cost Competitive Price

Foreign

LocalCustomer Satisfaction

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Rantai Pasokan

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Definitions and Terminology

• Supply Chain• Supply Chain Management• Distribution Channel• Demand management• Logistics management

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Supply Chain

Sekelompok pendekatan yang berdaya guna untuk memadukan para pemasok, manufaktur, channel distribusi, sehingga produk dapat diproduksi dan didistribusi dalam jumlah, lokasi, dan pada waktu yang tepat untuk meminimasi biaya systemwide sementara memenuhi system level requirement. [David Simchi Levi ]

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Aliran dalam Rantai Pasokan

Supplier Manufacture Distributor Customer

Financial (Invoice, TOP), Material/Products, Information (Capacity, Delivery)

Payment, Retur, Information (Order, Forcast)

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Konsep Rantai Pasokan

Dalam konsep SC ini juga termasuk didalamnya Perencanaan & Pengaturan :

- New product development- Marketing- Operations- Distribution- Finance- Customer service

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Manfaat SCM :

• Mengurangi inventory barang• Menjamin kelancaran penyediaan barang• Menjamin mutu• Mengembangkan supplier partnership

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Performance of a Supply Chain

• Cost of the products delivered to markets• Level of service provided to customers

Managing the supply chain effectively can improve customer service levels dramatically, reduce excess

inventory in the system, and cut excess costs from the logistic network

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Fase Pengambilan Keputusan Dalam SC

Merancang Strategi• Menentukan Struktur & Proses pada tiap tahapan dalam SC• Mentukan Keputusan Strategic dalam SC :

Lokasi & Kapasitas Fasilitas Produk Moda Transportasi Sistem Informasi

Perencanaan– Lokasi Target Pemasaran– Level Inventory– Promosi & Pemasaran

Operational• Horizon Perencanaan lebih pendek (Alokasi pesanan, due date,

Jadwal penghantaran)• Tingkat ketidakpastian yang lebih rendah

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Kerangka Pengambilan Keputusan

Corporate Strategy

Competitive Strategy

Supply Chain Strategy

Inventory Transport W’housing Information

Supply Chain Structure

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Area Cakupan SCM

BAGIAN CAKUPAN KEGIATAN

Pengembangan Produk Riset Pasar, merancang produk baru, melibatkan supplier dalma perancangan produk baru

Pengadaan Memilih supplier, mengevaluasi kinerja supplier, melakukan pembelian bahan baku dan komponen, membina hubungan dengansupplier

Perencanaan dan pengendalian

Demand planning, peramalan permintaan, perencanaan kapasitas, perencanaan produksi dan persediaan

Operasi/produksi Eksekusi produksi, pengendalian persediaan dan mutu

Pengiriman/distribusi Perencanaan jaringan distribusi, penjadualan pengiriman, memelihara hubungan dengan perusahaan jasa pengiriman, memonitor service level ditiap pusat distribusi

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The Supply Chain

Consumer

Retailer

Manufacturing

Material Flow

VISA ®

Credit Flow

Supplier

Supplier Wholesaler

Retailer

CashFlow

OrderFlowSchedules

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Inventory

Sumber daya menganggur (Idle) yang menunggu proses lebih lanjut Jenis Inventori :

• Bahan Mentah (RAW MATERIAL)• Barang Setengah Jadi (WIP)• Barang Jadi (Finished Goods)

Fungsi :• Menjamin kelancaran proses pemenuhan

permintaan sesuai dengan kebutuhan pemakai• Meredam fluktuasi permintaan agar tidak terjadi

kekurangan• Motif spekulasi

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Siklus Pengadaan Barang

(1) PROSES TENDER DAN KONTRAK(2) TRANSAKSI PENERIMAAN(3) TRANSAKSI PENGELUARAN

PEMAKAIAN

RENCANA KEBUTUHAN

( RK )

PROGRAM PENGADAAN

PENYIMPANAN

PEMASOK

1

2

3

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Purchasing MaterialControl Production Sales Distribution

Stage 1: baseline

Materials Management

ManufacturingManagement Distribution

Stage 2: functional integration

Materials Management

ManufacturingManagement Distribution

Stage 3: internal integration (logistics)

Suppliers Internal supply chain Customers

Stage 4: external integration(supply chain)

Integrasi Rantai Supply Vs Inventory

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Why Supply Chain Management?

1950-1980s Manufacturing• 1950, U.S. is the only country that can manufacture cars.● You buy a car from GM, all the money will go to the GM.1980-2000s Supply Chain Management• Today, foreign parts and labors are much cheaper than that in US.● You buy a car from GM, only a portion of money will go to the GM.

Parts $5,000

Labor 4000

Overhead 2000

Management  

Marketing 3000

Total Cost $14,000

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Transportasi• Fungsi :

– Perpindahan Barang – Penyimpanan Barang

• Prinsip :– Skala Ekomonis : Biaya per satuan unit vs Jumlah pengiriman– Jarak Ekonomis : Biaya per satuan unit vs Jarak pengiriman

• Pengaturan dalam Transportasi :- Transport Planning- Vehicle Routing and Scheduling- Delivery Execution and Shipment Tracking

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Distribution Channel For Consumer Good

Manufacture

Manufacture

Manufacture

Wholesaler Retailer Consumer

Wholesaler

Retailer

Retailer Consumer

Consumer

Consumer

Jobber

Manufacture

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Transportation & Logistic

•Physical movement of goods and services

•Companies need to adopt a strategic transportation sourcing (STS) approach

•Strategic sourcing considers costs within the total manufacturing and distribution supply and demand environment

•Companies sometimes outsource the transportation activities

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Distribution

• Pengaturan dalam saluran distribusi :• Specialization• Assortment

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Andary A Munita Hanafiah

• Software Systems– Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)– Material Requirements Planning (MRP)– Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP II)– Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)– Supply Chain Management Systems (SCM)– Customer Relationship Management (CRM)– Internet-based Software

• Network Infrastructure– Wide Area Network– Internet (for E-commerce: B2B, B2C)

Information Technology for Supply Chain Management

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Supply chains in a global environment must be:– Flexible enough to react to sudden changes in parts

availability, distribution, or shipping channels, import duties, and currency rates

– Able to use the latest computer and transmission technologies to manage the shipment of parts in and finished products out

– Staffed with local specialists to handle duties, trade, freight, customs and political issues

Global Supply Chain Issue