Stem cell terbaru dan terupdate

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Anatomy and Physiology of Hemopoiesis John Matthews Queen’s Hematology

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stem cell terbaru dan ter update

Transcript of Stem cell terbaru dan terupdate

  • Anatomy and Physiology of Hemopoiesis

    John Matthews

    Queens Hematology

  • The Bare Essentials

    All blood cells originate from pluripotent stem cells which reside in the bone marrow and circulate in the blood

    The pluripotent stem cell differentiates (commits) into two lineages in the bone marrow: the myeloid lineage and the lymphoid lineage

    The myeloid lineage gives rise to all myeloid cells erythrocytes, granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils), monocytes and platelets

    The lymphoid stem cell is generated in the bone marrow: thereafter, development of T and B-cells involves the marrow, thymus, and peripheral lymphoid organs

    Hematological neoplasms may affect the pluripotent stem cell or any of its committed progeny

    Stem cells may be harvested from the blood or marrow and used to treat patients

  • Lifespan and production of blood cells

    Cell typeApproximate lifespanProduction rate cells/dayProduction rate cells/secProduction rate Kg/yearRed Cells100 days2 x 10112.3 million7.3Neutrophilst 6 hours3 x 1010350,00010.9Platelets7 days1 x 10111.2 million4.6Lymphocytest 10 days1 x 1010116,0003.7Annual total26.5 Kg
  • Definitions

    Stem CellPluripotentCommittedMyeloidLymphoid

    Stem cell can self renew and differentiate

    Makes myeloid and lymphoid expand include pulmonary macrophages etc

    explain pluripotent and committed

  • Stem Cell Hierarchy

    explain that stem cells and progenitor cells not morphologically recognizable

  • Stem Cell Assay

    MiceLiquid cultureSemi-solid media

    Stem cells not seen but named by assay technique

    Repop whole mouse spleen colonies mix of cell types product of a single cell can take whole colony and repopulate another mouse etc etc

    Liquid LTCIC

    Semi-solid media nomenclature different colonies eg CFU-GM and others

  • Stem cells

    Lethal dose radiation

    Syngeneic marrow

  • Stem cells

    red cell colonies CFU-E

    red cell bursts

    BFU-E

  • Stem cells

    granulocyte colonies CFU-G

    macrophage colonies CFU-M

  • Stem cells

    granulocyte/ macrophage colonies CFU-GM

    mixed colonies

    CFU-GEMM

  • Human Hemopoiesis

    Points to remember two lineages hierarchy of increasing commitment and differentiation

    Recognizable late

    Emphasize that marrow stroma is not derived from the HSC

    HSC gives all macrophages and dendritic cells eg pulmonary macrophages, Kupffer cells etc

  • Red marrow

  • Red marrow

    bone trabecula

    blood and fat

  • Red marrow

    bone trabecula

    blood and fat

  • Red marrow with sinusoid

    66.unknown
  • Marrow cells

    red cell precursor

    white cell precursor

  • Control of Hemopoiesis

    Eg epo, tpo, scf

  • Control of Hemopoiesis

    Growth Factors e.g. stem cell factorHormones e.g. erythropoietin, thrombopoietin, filgrastimSinusoidal epithelium
  • Assessment of Hemopoiesis

    Blood countReticulocytesMarrow examination
  • Stem Cell Transplant

    AllogeneicAutologous

    Get stem cells from blood or marrow

    Infuse intravenously and home

    Autologous vs allogeneic

  • Bone marrow stem cell harvest

  • Bone marrow stem cell transplant

  • Bone marrow stem cell transplant

  • Disease States

    Failure of stem cellsNeoplasia
  • Bone marrow biopsy in aplasia

    normal

    aplastic anemia

  • Bone marrow aspirate in acute leukemia

    normal

    acute leukemia

  • Therapeutic use of Growth Factors

    ErythropoietinFilgrastimThrombopoietin analogs