Sistim Pencernaan Fisiologi (H.O KULIAH )

8/16/2019 Sistim Pencernaan Fisiologi (H.O KULIAH )
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FAAL SISTEM PENCERNAAN
Dr. H. SONNY P LAKSONO M.Kes

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Overview of
GI Processes
Food
Secretion
Digestion
Absorption
Boo! "esses
Motiit#

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Mo$t%
•on# p&rt in'o'e! in ingestion
•Or& c&'it#( b$cc& c&'it#
•Lips) c%ee*s) %&r! &n! so+t p&&te &n!
tong$e
•Most &cti'it# re&te! to &ccessor#
org&ns ,teet%) s&i'&r# g&n!s) &n!
tong$e-
•Foo! is c%ee!) /i0e! it% s&i'&
cont&ining en1#/es) begins s&oing

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&ccessor# !igesti'e org&ns
•Organs
–teeth, tongue, gallbladder, glands
( salivary glands, liver, pancreas) •contribute to food breakdown

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P%&r#n0
•orop%&r#n0 to &r#ngop%&r#n0
•,n&sop%&r#n0 not in'o'e! in !igestion-
•Co//on p&ss&ge +or +oo!) +$i!s &n! &ir
•No p%#sic& or /ec%&nic& !igestion
•Absorption2 none

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Esop%&g$s
•/$sc$&r t$be &bo$t 34c/ ,56 inc%es- ong •Co&pse! %en not in $se •Ro$te! %ere &s epigottis coses o++ &r#n0 to +oo! entr#
•7oins sto/&c% &t c&r!i&c sp%incter •Secretes /ore /$c$s +or $bric&tion •No p%#sic& or /ec%&nic& !igestion • P%&r#n0 &n! esop%&g$s &re con!$its +ro//o$t% to sto/&c%
•Absorption2 none

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Digestion

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Cephalic Phase
• Anticipatory/Sensory
• Mediated via vags/Ach
! Chief cells secrete acid
! Parietal cells secrete pepsinogen
! G cells secrete gastrin
• "ags also #ediates via pancreas

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Gastric Phase
• $egins with arrival of food in sto#ach
• Two sti#li%
! stretch receptors in sto#ach
! digested protein
• G cells in antr# sti#lated &y vags and
&y protein

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Digesti'e process in'o'es 8 essenti& &cti'ities
5. ingestion2 t&*ing +oo! in – bo$s2 &n &/o$nt o+ +oo! p&ssing t%ro$g% tr&ct
3. prop$sion2 /o'es +oo! t%ro$g% tr&ct – s&oing2 'o$nt&r# – perist&sis2 in'o$nt&r# /$sc$&r &'es /o'es +oo! +or&r!
9. /ec%&nic& !igestion2 p%#sic& c%eing) /i0ing) c%$rning – seg/ent&tion2 r%#t%/ic oc& constrictions o+ intestine +or /i0ing
:. c%e/ic& !igestion2 c&t&bois/( bre&*!on o+ po#/ers into /ono/ers b# en1#/es – begins in /o$t%) essenti&# co/pete in s/& intestine
4. &bsorption2 p&ss&ge o+ !igeste! en! pro!$cts &cross & into boo!
– /ono/ers) 'it&/ins) /iner&s &n! &ter – p&ss t%ro$g% /$cos& ces ining tr&ct – s/& intestine /&;or &bsorption site
8. !e+ec&tion2 ei/in&tes in!igestibe s$bst&nces &n! ot%er &stes +ro/ bo!# 'i& &n$s in +or/ o+ +eces

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Sto/&c%
•

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Microanato#y of the Gt The $asic Plan
• Mcosa
• Scosa
• Msclaris
• Serosa
• 'egional variations (

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Secretion of )ater and *lectrolytes
Na+
+
!l"
Na +
+ !l"
Na+
#$O
L
> M
E N
%nterocyte
%nterocyte &ight 'unction
+

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S/& Intestine
•/&;or !igesti'e org&n •Longest p&rt o+ &i/ent&r# c&n&
–,928 %o$r ;o$rne#-
•9 s$b!i'isions –5- !$o!en$/ •s%ortest b$t ots going on •Hep&top&ncre&tic &/p$&2 bie !$ct &n! /&in p&ncre&tic !$ct enter
–3- ;e;$n$/ •/i!!e portion
–9- ie$/ •&st p&rt ;oins &rge intestine &t ieocec& '&'e

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+, Secretion &y Parietal Cells
+
#+
%nterocyte
%nterocyte
L
> M
E N
!O$ + #$O
#!O " + #+
!l "
#!O"
CA
!O$

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+CO- . Secretion &y Pancreatic Cells
%nterocyte
%nterocyte
+ Na+
L
> M
E N
!l"
#!O"
CA
!O$ + #$O
# +
+ #!O "
!O$

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A&sorption

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Pri#ary S&stances A&amp

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