Polimer3
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Polimer dan PlastikPolimer adalah molekul besar yang tersusun dari sejumlah besar unit perulangan yang
memiliki struktur identik.
material hasil proses polimerisasi
polimer sintetik + additive Plastik
material selain fiber dan elastomerdan dibuat dari polimer sintetik PP, PE, PC, PVC
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Industri
Polymer
Plastik
Serat
Elastomer
Klasifkasiutama
Berdasarkan pada perbedaan
sifat mekanik terutama:
modulus/stiffenes(kekakuan)
Plastik
Serat
Elastomer/karet
Lem, adhesive
Coating
Area aplikasiutama
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Reaksi Polimerisasi
a. Polimerisasi adisi atau Chain grb. Coordination Addition Polymeriza
1. Polimerisasi adisi
2. Polimerisasi Kondensasi
step growth polymerization
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MELIPUTI : Polimerisasi!adi"al #ebas
Polimerisasi Ion
Ialah pembentu"an polymer dari monomer
tanpa "ehilangan atom. #erat mole"ul tumbuhdengan bertambah pan$angnya rantai "arenabergabungnya monomer "e dalam ma"roradi"ala"ti%. &ehingga disebut pula : Chain growth
polymerization
Polimerisasi Adisi ' Chain growth p
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Coordination Addition Polymerization
!ea"si Polimerisasi
yangdi"oordinasi"anoleh sisi a"ti%"atalis dalam
pengaturanmole"ulmonomernya
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Melibatkan penggabungan molekul kecil-kecil,menghasilkan molekul besar-besar melalui reaksikondensasi.
#erat mole"ul tumbuh dengan bertambahpan$angnya rantai "arena bergabungnyamonomer dari sisi "anan dan "iri oleh mole"ulmonomer yg berbeda. (ua gugus a"hir yg"omplemen a"an berea"si. &ehingga disebutpula : step growth polymerization
Polimerisasi Kondensasi
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Step
Growth
Chain Growth
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!ing )pening PolimerizationO
O
O
Asam lewis-CH2-O-nn/3
Trioxane Polyoxymethylene
CH2-CH2
O -O-CH2-CH2-n
Ethylene oxide Polyoxymethylene
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+
Inisiasi
Propagasi
Terminasi
kombinasi
Terminasi
disproporsionasi
Polimerisasi Adisi ' Chain growth p
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Radikal bebas dibentuk melalui penuraian !at "an relatif tidak stabil
akibat panas ataupun #aha"a$ Radikal bebas inilah yang memicu terjadinya
reaksi polimerisasi
Sen"awa peroksida, seperti di%ben!oil& peroksida
Sen"awa a!o, misal '()*
Contoh terbentukn"a radikal bebas %pemi#u& :
CO
OO
O
C
O
O*C
Panas ata !"#
CH3 $ C $ %&% $ C $ CH3
CH
C%
CH
C%
Panas ata !"#2CH3 $ C* + %2
CH
C%
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Typically:Between 60% and 100% o theree radicals undergo an initiation
reaction with a monomer.
he remaining radicals may join with each
other or with an impurity instead of with a
monomer. "Self destruction" of free radicals
is a major hindrance to the initiation
reaction. By controlling the monomer to
radical ratio, this problem can be reduced.
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Pada polimerisasi dapat terjadi proses alih
rantai, yaitu pengalihan atom H atau atom halogen
dari suatu molekul (pengalih) ke radikal.
Sebagai contoh :
polimerisasi CH2=CHX dalam
pelarut CCl4
Atom Cl dialih"an "e radi"al yang sedangtumbuh menghasil"an mole"ul polimer yang ta" a"ti% dariradi"al *CCl+ yang selan$utnya memi,u pertumbuhan rantai
polimer lain.
C-C./ + CCl0 C-CCl/ + .CCl1
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Aki'at alih rantai (
) emakin serin ter,adi alih rantai maka
rantai yan ter'entk semakin .endek"
) era,at Polimerisasi 0P1 'erkran
) erat olekl 'erkran
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Jika bahan pengalih adalah molekul polimer itusendiri, maka percabangan dapat terjadi.
Kemudian pada reaksi dengan monomer lebih lanjut
CH2 $ C*4 + CH2&CH4 CH2 $ C4 ds'
CH
C% CH2
*CH4
CH2 $ C4
CH2
*CH4
CH2 $ C4
*CH4
CH2
CH2 $ C4
CH2
CH4
CH2 $ C4
CH4
CH2
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Penyimanan monomer
monomer + inhibitorekstraksi
destilasipolimerisasi
%B2 stands for 3but"lated h"dro4" toluene,3
a slan name for ,5-di-tert -but"l- para-#resol$&
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Pro.aation
Termination
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Berapakah harga
Tidak diketahui!!!
Asumsi : zat transientdianggap steady state
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