pengertian gerund andinfinitivePengertian GerundGerund adalah bentuk kata kerja -ing ketika digunakan sebagai kata benda .a) sebagai sejenis kata benda. b) sebagai bagian kata kerja.a) sebagai sejenis kata benda. Gerund sebagaisubjekLearningforeign languages is hard workSwimmingis hobby Gerund sebagaiobjekSome people dont likeflyingHe enjoysreadingnovelI finishwritingletter Gerund sebagai propositionalphraseHe is good atsingingThs land is good forfarming Gerund sebagaicomplementMy fathers favourite sport isplayingfootballHer hobby istellingstory Gerund sebagainoun modifierThe waitingroom is very largeThe readingbooks are on the table Gerund sebagailaranganNo smoking,No parking,No swimming.b) sebagai bagian kata kerja.KarenaGerundadalah bagian kata kerja, ia dapat menggunakan objek di belakangnya. Misalnya :e) Objek langsung (dengan transitif) : He is clever atteachingmathematics = Ia pandai dalam mengajarkan matematika.f) Objek Tak Langsung (dengan transitif) He is clever atteachingus mathematics = Ia pandai dalam mengajarkan matematika kepada kami.g) Objek yang tetap dipertahankan dalam kalimat pasif(Retained object) She is pleased atbeing taughtmathematics = Ia senang sekali terhadap matematika yang diajarkan kepadanya.h) Objek yang artinya mirip dengan kata kerja itu sendiri =cognate object (dengan intransitif) She is proud ofhaving sunga finesong= Ia bangga akan nyanyian merdu yang telah ia nyanyikan.i) Objek refleksif (dengan intransitif) She is in the habit ofoversleeping herself= Kebiasaannya sendiri bangun kesiangan (tidur terlalu lama)The Infinitive with toafter:the firstGagarin was the firstto flyin a spaceship.

the lastPeter was the lastto watchthe film.

the nextHe is the nextto gethis passport.

after:adjectivesIm happyto behere.

Its betternot to smoke.

after:certain verbs(agree, choose, forget, hope, learn, promise, regret, want, )I learnto drivea car.

after:question wordsI dont know whatto say.

Can you tell me howto getto the bus stop?

after:want/would likeI want youto helpme.

verb + object + to-infinitiveI helped my dadto cleanthe car.

The Infinitive without toafter auxiliaries/modalscanHe can run very fast.

couldAs a boy he could run very fast.

mayI may fly to Africa this summer.

mightI might fly to Africa this summer.

mustI must go now.

mustntYou mustnt smoke here.

needntYou neednt go.

shallWe shall sing a song.

shouldWe should sing a song.

willShe will cook a meal for his birthday.

wouldShe would cook a meal for his birthday.

after to dodoI dont know.

after the following expressions:had betterYou had better clean up your room.

would ratherSusan would rather study for her exam tomorrow.

would soonerI would sooner read a book than watch this film.

why notWhy not ask your neighbour for help?

why should weWhy should we go by car?

why should we notWhy should we not go by car?

after verbs of perception + object (action has finished):feelShe feels the rain fall on her face.

hearI heard Peter sing a song.

noticeMandy noticed the boy climb the tree.

seeThey saw him climb up the roof.

watchHe watched the thieves steal a car.

after let + object:letSandy let her child go out alone.

Mother let her daughter decide on her own.

letsLets go for a walk through the park.

after make + object:makeShe made Peggy and Samantha clean the room