Pengenalan Sistem Informasi

Definisi Sistem (1)

• Definisi penekanan pada prosedur:Suatu sistem adalah suatu jaringan kerja dari

prosedur-prosedur yang saling berhubungan, berkumpul bersama-sama untuk melakukan suatu kegiatan atau untuk menyelesaikan suatu sasaran yang tertentu

• Definisi penekanan pada elemen/komponen:Sistem adalah kumpulan dari elemen-elemen yang

berinteraksi untuk mencapai suatu tujuan tertentu

Definisi Sistem (2)

• Sub-sistemSubsistem sebenarnya hanyalah sistem di dalam

suatu sistem, ini berarti bahwa sistem berada pada lebih dari satu tingkat.

• SupersistemJika suatu sistem adalah bagian dari sistem yang

lebih besar, sistem yang lebih besar itu adalah supersistem

Karakteristik Sistem

• Input• Output• Processing• Feedback• Control• Boundary• Environment

Contoh Diagram Sistem

• Contoh: Sistem Pemasaran

Klasifikasi Sistem• Sistem diklasifikasikan sebagai sistem abstrak

(abstract system) dan sistem fisik (physical system)• Sistem diklasifikasikan sebagai sistem alamiah

(natural system) dan sistem buatan manusia (human made system)

• Sistem diklasifikasikan sebagai sistem tertentu (deterministic system) dan sistem tak tentu (probabilistic system)

• Sistem diklasifikasikan sebagai sistem tertutup (closed system) dan sistem terbuka (open system)

Sistem Analisis dan Desain (SA&D)(kayaknya nanti aja di bab2)

• SA & D– Overall process by which IS are designed and

implemented within organizations

• Two most common approaches to SA & D– Object-oriented analysis and design– Systems Development Life Cycle

Definisi Sistem Informasi

• An information system is a set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, store, and disseminate data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective.

• An organized combinations of people, hardware, software, communications networks, and data resources that collects data, transforms, and disseminates information.

Komponen Sistem Informasi• DataRaw unorganized facts• Informasi (Information)A collection of facts organized in such a way that they have additional value

beyond the value of the facts themselves.

Defining and organizing relationships among data creates information.

• Pengetahuan (Knowledge)An awareness and understanding of a set of information and ways that

information can be made useful to support a specific task or reach a decision

ProsesA set of logically related tasks performed to achieve a defined

outcome.

Karakteristik SI

• Accurate• Complete• Economical• Flexible• Reliable• Relevant• Simple• Timely• Verifiable

Nilai Informasi

The value of Informationis directly linked to howit helps decision makersachieve their organization’s goals.

Klasifikasi Sistem Informasi

Sistem informasi dapat diklasifikasikan berdasarkan:– Level organisasi– Fungsional– Support provided– Arsitektur SI

SI Struktur Organisasi

• Department Information System• Entreprise Information System• Interorganizational System

SI Area Fungsional

• Accounting Information System• Finance Information System• Manufacturing (operations/Production)

Information System• Marketing Information System• Human Resources Management Information

System

Support Provided

• Transaction Processing System (TPS)• Management Information System (MIS)• Office Automation System (OAS)• Decision Support System (DSS)• Executive Information/ Support System (EIS)• Group Support System (GSS)• Intelligent Support SystemPembahasan akan ditekankan di sini

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Who are the stakeholders in information systems?

• System Owners• System Users– Internal system users• Clerical and service workers• Technical and professional staff• Mangers

– External system users• Customers• Suppliers• Partners• employee

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Who are the stakeholders in information systems? (continued)

• System Designers– Database administrators– Web architects– Graphic artists– Security experts– Technology specialists

• System Builders– Application programmers– System programmers– Database programmers– Network administrators– Security administrators– Web masters– Software integrators

• System Analysts

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The Role of A System Analyst

• System analyst is a specialist who studies the problems and needs of an organization to determine how people, data, processes, and information technology can best accomplish improvements for the business.

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Collecting Requirements

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Painting the Right Picture

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Computer Based Information System (CBIS)

• A set of hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data and information

CBIS

Hardware:Computer Equipment

Software:Computer Programs

Databases: An organized collections of facts

CBIS

Telecommunications:Electronic transmission of signals

for communication

Networks: Distant electronic communication Internet: Interconnected Networks Intranet: Internal Corporate Network Extranet: Linked Intranets

CBIS

People

Procedures:Strategies, policies, methods, and

rules for using a CBIS.