Next Generation Cyber Threats

(c) 2016 Cybercrime Research Institute Page: 1

CHALLENGE The Challenge of Investigating and Prosecuting Cybercrime

Dr. Marco GerckeCybercrime Research Institute

CYBERCRIMENext Generation Cyber Threats:A Glance Into the FutureMSU Forum: April 12-15, 2016 2010Rizqi Ammar Abdussalam, MLA, CEH, CHFI.Chief Cyber Criminologist

(c) 2016 Cybercrime Research Institute Seite: 2

THE FUTURE IS ALREADY HERE – IT IS JUST UNEVENLY DISTRIBUTED.

William Gibson, Neuromancer

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LIFE MOVES ONLINE

• Increasingly all aspects of human existence are moving into cyberspace, including• Work• Play• Education• Politics• Crime• Conflict

(c) 2016 Cybercrime Research Institute

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Technological Trends

• Social Networking• Virtual Worlds• Cloud Computing• Artificial Intelligence• Biology/Genomics• GPS/Location Awareness• Mobile Computing• Nanotechnology• RFID• Robotics• Space/Satellite• Web 3.0/Semantic Web

Picture removed in print versionBild zur Speicheroptimierung entfernt


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Social Networking

• Increasingly “life” is taking place online.

• If it happens there, it is real.• If it doesn’t happy there, it

never happened.• 400 Million Facebook

members… and counting

• Numerous crime possibilities, privacy concerns, pictures, network connections, etc


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Virtual Worlds

• They are real for those who use them

• 20% of MMORPG gamers say that the virtual world is their primary place of residence.

• The real world, a.k.a. meatspace, is just a place to get food and sleep.


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CYBERCRIMETHANK YOU

Visit Swedish Embassy

Life in a Virtual World-The Good

Attend a U2 Concert

Test Drive a Toyota

Buy a Coke


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CYBERCRIME

Life in a Virtual World-The Bad

Political Terrorist Attacks


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More People “Live” in WoW than…

Belgium Portugal Israel Hungary Sweden Austria Switzerland


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Virtual World: Game or Terrorist Planning Tool?


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Virtual Worlds Have Virtual Economies• People trade “real currencies” for

virtual ones…some with ATM cards

• Estimated to be 12-15 billion dollar (US) economy per year (8B in China alone).

• Creates significant opportunities for money laundering and terrorist financing.

• Virtual currencies not regulated by international financial reporting standards, such as FATF.


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Biology Meets Information Technology• Hacking the Human Heart• Smaller technology being installed

in the body—integration of IT and biology

• Cheaper monitoring from a distance, saves money for doctors.

• Pacemakers, diabetic pumps, cochlear ear implants/hearing aids are increasingly connected to the Internet.

• Coming days of Nanomedicine.• University of Massachusetts study,

March 2008-Medtronic pacemaker attack technically possible.


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The Human Genome

• Recently fully decoded for the first time in history.

• Instead of 1’s and 0’s, use base-pairs (A-T) (C-G) to encode information.

• As such, the human genome is just another operating system waiting to be hacked.

• Hackers already working on it—new ways to create “cell death”

• Exploits and university competitions in “synthetic biology”


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Mobile Computing:

• Growing power of mobile phones.• It took approximately 35 years

for to achieve the first one billion internet users.

• The second billion users will be added in the next three years, most of whom will access the Internet on mobile devices.


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The Rise of Robotics:Connecting Robots to the Grid

• Robotics is in its infancy• Will grow very rapidly-the trend

is clear, lower costs speed development

• Already have very basic robots (Roomba Vacuum)

• Home systems (heating, security, fire) connected to Net…why not robot?

• Robots poised to become as commonplace as computers

• They look cute…now.


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Current Uses of Robots

• Factory automation (workers killed)

• Taking Care of the Elderly (Japan)• Street Police Patrol (UK, Japan)• Warfare


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Subverting Robotic Systems

• Terrorists intercept and view predator drone feeds in Iraq (Dec. 2009)

• Armed Robots…Is this a good idea?

• Hackers obtain access to armed police robots, can be used against authorities.

• The case of South Africa(May 2009)


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Passing the Turing Test:Full Automation of Crime and Cyber Attacks• In 1950, Alan Turing (father of modern

AI) asked how we can tell if a machine is “intelligent”

• He concluded that if a neutral observer could not distinguish between a computer and a human being having a conversation, then computers would have achieved intelligence.

• When once cannot determine that he is talking to a machine, the computer is said to have passed the Turing Test.

• Already seeing applications of AI in organized crime botnets; humans not part of the game.

• Could be directed against state authorities.


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CYBERCRIME

Moore’s Law:

In 1965, Gordon E. Moore, co-founder of Intel, accurately predicted that the capacity of computer chips would double every two years.

People do not obey Moore's Law…


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CYBERCRIME

Ray Kurzweil:The SingularityThe technological singularity is a theoretical future point of unprecedented technological progress—typically associated with advancements in computer hardware or the ability of machines to improve themselves using artificial intelligence

What are the security implications of living with computers that are

smarter than human beings?


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So what does this all mean?

• When we are speaking of “Partnership of State Authorities, Civil Society and the Business Community in Ensuring Information Security and Combating Terrorism…

• Technology is here to stay• More and smarter devices

connected than ever before.• Soon desktop computer will

exceed processing power of human brain—what will be security threats then?


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Therefore:

• We must build our frameworks to understand these problems now

• Sense of urgency regarding the threat• Cooperative agreements must be

secured now, before it is too late, or the problem is literally beyond our comprehension.

• Care and consideration must be applied before connecting new devices to the network.

• Security implications must be understood and considered.

• Forums such as these are an important step forward in international cooperation against transnational cyber threats


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CYBERCRIMETHANK YOUFOR YOUR ATTENTIONRizqi Ammar Abdussalam, Chief Cyber Criminologist


Next Generation Cyber Threats

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