Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni
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Transcript of Neraca Panas Cepties 19juni
APPENDIKS BNERACA PANAS 1
Kapasitas pabrik :30.000 ton/tahun = 91.000 Kg/hariOperasi : 330 hari/tahunSatuan panas : kCalSuhu Reference :Basis waktu : 1 hari = 24 jamBahan baku : 97456,243 Kg CPO/hari
Data-data perhitungan1. Perhitungan Cp (Heat Capacity)a. = 36.84b. = 30.4c. ---COOH = 79.97d. ---CH= = 15.91e. ---O--- = 35.17
f. ---C--- = 53
g. ---CH--- = 20.93h. ---OH = 44.8i. ---ONa = 0.035
a. Heat Capacity (Cp) Trigliserida = 0.24
CH3--- = 3 x 36,84 = 110.52 kJ/kmol°C ---CH2--- = 44 x 30,4 = 1337.6 kJ/kmol°C ---O--- = 3 x 53 = 105.51 kJ/kmol°C
---C--- = 3 x 35,17 = 159 kJ/kmol°C
---CH--- = 1 x 20,93 = 20.93 kJ/kmol°C = 1733.56 kJ/kmol°C
1733,56 x 0,24 = 416.054
BM Tri-Palmitat = 807.34 kg/kmol
25°C
CH3--- kJ/kmol°C ---CH2--- kJ/kmol°C
kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°C
kJ/kmol°C
kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°C
(Coulson dan Richardson's vol.6, 2nd)
1 kJ/kg°C kcal/kg°C1. Tri-Palmitat (C51H98O6)
kcal/kmol°C
APPENDIKS BB-11
Cp = 416,05/ 807,34 = 0.5153
CH3--- = 3 x 36,84 = 110.52 kJ/kmol°C ---CH2--- = 38 x 30,4 = 1155.2 kJ/kmol°C ---O--- = 3 x 35,17 = 105.51 kJ/kmol°C
---C--- = 3 x 53 = 159 kJ/kmol°C
---CH--- = 1 x 20,93 = 20.93 kJ/kmol°C = 1551.16 kJ/kmol°C
1551,2 x 0,24 = 372.278 kcal/kmol°CBM Tri-Miristat = 723.17 kg/kmol Cp = 372,28/ 723,17 = 0.5148
CH3--- = 3 x 36,84 = 110.52 ---CH2--- = 50 x 30,4 = 1520 ---O--- = 3 x 35,17 = 105.51
---C--- = 3 x 53 = 159
---CH--- = 1 x 20,93 = 20.93 = 1915.96
1915,96 x 0,24 = 459.83BM Tri-Stearat = 891.5 kg/kmolCp = 459,83/ 891,5 = 0.5158
CH3--- = 3 x 36,84 = 110.52 ---CH2--- = 44 x 30,4 = 1337.6 ---CH= = 6 x 15,91 = 95.46 ---O--- = 3 x 35,17 = 105.51
---C--- = 3 x 53 = 159
kcal/kg°C
2. Tri-Miristat (C45H86O6)
kcal/kg°C
3. Tri-Stearat (C57H110O6)kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°C
kj/kmol°C
kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C
kcal/kg°C
4. Tri-Oleat (C57H104O6)kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°C
kj/kmol°C
APPENDIKS BB-11
---CH--- = 1 x 20,93 = 20.93 = 1829.02
1829,02 x 0,24 = 438.965BM Tri-Oleat = 885.45 kg/kmolCp = 438,96/ 885,45 = 0.4958
CH3--- = 3 x 36,84 = 110.52 ---CH2--- = 38 x 30,4 = 1155.2 ---CH= = 12 x 15,91 = 190.92 ---O--- = 3 x 35,17 = 105.51
---C--- = 3 x 53 = 159
---CH--- = 1 x 20,93 = 20.93 = 1742.08
1742,08 x 0,24 = 418.099BM Tri-Linoleat = 879.4 kg/kmolCp = 418,1/ 879,4 = 0.4754
b. Heat Capacity FFA
CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 14 x 30,4 = 425.6 ---COOH = 1 x 79,97 = 79.97
= 542.41542,41 x 0,24 = 130.178
BM As.Palmitat = 256.43 kg/kmolCp = 130,18/ 256,43 = 0.5077
kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C
kcal/kg°C
5. Tri-Linoleat (C57H98O6)kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°C
kj/kmol°C
kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C
kcal/kg°C
1. Asam Palmitat (C16H32O2)kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C
kcal/kg°C
APPENDIKS BB-11
CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 12 x 30,4 = 364.8 ---COOH = 1 x 79,97 = 79.97
= 481.61481,61 x 0,24 = 115.586
BM As.Miristat = 228 kg/kmolCp = 481,61/ 228 = 0.507
CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 16 x 30,4 = 486.4 ---COOH = 1 x 79,97 = 79.97
= 603.21603,21 x 0,24 = 144.77
BM As.Stearat = 284.48 kg/kmolCp = 144,77/ 284,48 = 0.5089
CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 14 x 30,4 = 425.6 ---COOH = 1 x 79,97 = 79.97 ---CH= = 2 x 15,91 = 31.82
= 574.23574,23 x 0,24 = 137.815
BM As.Oleat = 282.47 kg/kmolCp = 137,815/ 282,47 = 0.4879
CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 12 x 30,4 = 364.8 ---COOH = 1 x 79,97 = 79.97 ---CH= = 4 x 15,91 = 63.64
= 545.25542,25 x 0,24 = 130.86
BM As.Linoleat = 280.45 kg/kmol
2. Asam Miristat (C14H28O2)kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C
kcal/kg°C
3. Asam Stearat (C18H36O2)kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C
kcal/kg°C
4. Asam Oleat (C18H33O2)kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C
kcal/kg°C
5. Asam Linoleat (C18H32O2)kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C
APPENDIKS BB-11
Cp = 130,86/ 280,45 = 0.4666
c. Heat Capacity Komponen Na (Sabun)
CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 14 x 30,4 = 425.6
---C--- = 1 x 53 = 53 ---ONa = 1 x 0,035 = 0.035
= 515.475515,475 x 0,24 = 123.714
BM Na-Palmitat = 278.43 kg/kmolCp = 123,714/278,43 = 0.4443
CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 12 x 30,4 = 364.8
---C--- = 1 x 53 = 53 ---ONa = 1 x 0,035 = 0.035
= 454.675454,675 x 0,24 = 109.122
BM Na-Miristat = 250 kg/kmolCp = 109,122/250 = 0.4365
CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 16 x 30,4 = 486.4
---C--- = 1 x 53 = 53 ---ONa = 1 x 0,035 = 0.035
= 576.275576,275 x 0,24 = 138.306
BM Na-Stearat = 306.48 kg/kmolCp = 138,306/ 306,48 = 0.4513
kcal/kg°C
1. Na-Palmitat (C16H31O2Na)kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°C
kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C
kcal/kg°C
2. Na-Miristat (C14H27O2Na)kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°C
kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C
kcal/kg°C
3. Na-Stearat (C18H35O2Na)kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°C
kJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°CkJ/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C
kcal/kg°C
APPENDIKS BB-11
CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 14 x 30,4 = 425.6 ---CH= = 2 x 15,91 = 31.82
---C--- = 1 x 53 = 53 ---ONa = 1 x 0,035 = 0.035
= 547.295547,295 x 0,24 = 131.351
BM Na-Oleat = 304.47 kg/kmolCp = 131,351/304,47 = 0.4314
CH3--- = 1 x 36,84 = 36.84 ---CH2--- = 12 x 30,4 = 364.8 ---CH= = 4 x 15,91 = 63.64
---C--- = 1 x 53 = 53 ---ONa = 1 x 0,035 = 0.035
= 518.315168,191 x 0,24 = 124.396
BM Na-Linoleat = 302.45 kg/kmolCp = 124,396/ 302,45 = 0.4113
d. Heat Capacity komponen lain1. (Perry,edisi 6)
= 0.9987 = 1.0043 = 1.0301
2. Cp uap air = 1.888 (Appendiks A.2-12, Geankoplis) = 0.453
4. Na-Oleat (C18H33O2Na)kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°C
kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C
kcal/kg°C
5. Na-Linoleat (C18H31O2Na)kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°C
kj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckj/kmol°Ckcal/kmol°C
kcal/kg°C
Cp H2O =kcal/kg°C pada suhu 0- 100°C
kcal/kg°C pada suhu 100- 105°Ckcal/kg°C pada suhu 105- 17041°Ckj/kg°Kkcal/kg°C
APPENDIKS BB-11
3. Cp Gliserol 0.24 (Coulson, edisi 6)4. Cp NaOH = 0.485. Cp FFA = 0.4986. Cp Impurities = 0.3377. Cp Phospatida= 0.45
Na ‒ O
a. C = C = 147 kcal/molb. C ‒ C = 83 kcal/molc. C ‒ H = 99 kcal/mold. C ‒ O = 84 kcal/mole. O ‒ H = 111 kcal/molf. C = O = 170 kcal/mol Na ‒ Og. Na ‒ O = 20.083 kcal/mol
C ‒ C = 47 x 83 = 3901 kcal/molC ‒ H = 98 x 99 = 9702 kcal/molC ‒ O = 6 x 84 = 504 kcal/molC = O = 3 x 170 = 510 kcal/mol
= 14617 kcal/mol Na ‒ O
C ‒ C = 41 x 83 = 3403 kcal/molC ‒ H = 86 x 99 = 8514 kcal/molC ‒ O = 6 x 84 = 504 kcal/molC = O = 3 x 170 = 510 kcal/mol
= 12931 kcal/mol
Na ‒ OC ‒ C = 53 x 83 = 4399 kcal/molC ‒ H = 110 x 99 = 10890 kcal/molC ‒ O = 6 x 84 = 504 kcal/molC = O = 3 x 170 = 510 kcal/mol
kcal/kg°Ckcal/kg°Ckcal/kg°Ckcal/kg°Ckcal/kg°C
2. Perhitungan ΔHf * Data untuk menentukan ΔHf komponen
a. ΔHf Trigliserida1. Tri-Palmitat (C51H98O6)
2. Tri-Miristat (C45H86O6)
3. Tri-Stearat (C57H110O6)
APPENDIKS BB-11
= 16303 kcal/mol
C = C = 3 x 147 = 441 kcal/molC ‒ C = 47 x 83 = 3901 kcal/molC ‒ H = 104 x 99 = 10296 kcal/molC ‒ O = 6 x 84 = 504 kcal/molC = O = 3 x 170 = 510 kcal/mol
= 15652 kcal/mol
C = C = 6 x 147 = 882 kcal/molC ‒ C = 47 x 83 = 3901 kcal/molC ‒ H = 104 x 99 = 10296 kcal/molC ‒ O = 6 x 84 = 504 kcal/molC = O = 3 x 170 = 510 kcal/mol
= 16093 kcal/mol
C ‒ C = 15 x 83 = 1245 kcal/molC ‒ H = 31 x 99 = 3069 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molO ‒ H = 1 x 111 = 111 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/mol
= 4679 kcal/mol
C ‒ C = 13 x 83 = 1079 kcal/molC ‒ H = 27 x 99 = 2673 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molO ‒ H = 1 x 111 = 111 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/mol
= 4117 kcal/mol
4. Tri-Oleat (C57H104O6)
5. Tri-Linoleat (C57H98O6)
b. ΔHf FFA1. Asam Palmitat (C16H32O2)
2. Asam Miristat (C14H28O2)
APPENDIKS BB-11
C ‒ C = 17 x 83 = 1411 kcal/molC ‒ H = 35 x 99 = 3465 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molO ‒ H = 1 x 111 = 111 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/mol
= 5241 kcal/mol
C = C = 1 x 147 = 147 kcal/molC ‒ C = 16 x 83 = 1328 kcal/molC ‒ H = 33 x 99 = 3267 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molO ‒ H = 1 x 111 = 111 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/mol
= 5107 kcal/mol
C = C = 2 x 147 = 294 kcal/molC ‒ C = 15 x 83 = 1245 kcal/molC ‒ H = 31 x 99 = 3069 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molO ‒ H = 1 x 111 = 111 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/mol
= 4973 kcal/mol
C ‒ C = 15 x 83 = 1245 kcal/molC ‒ H = 31 x 99 = 3069 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/molNa ‒ O = 1 x 20,0832 = 20.0832 kcal/mol
= 4588.083 kcal/mol
3. Asam Stearat (C18H36O2)
4. Asam Oleat (C18H33O2)
5. Asam Linoleat (C18H32O2)
c. ΔHf Komponen Na (Sabun)1. Na-Palmitat (C16H31O2Na)
APPENDIKS BB-11
C ‒ C = 13 x 83 = 1079 kcal/molC ‒ H = 27 x 99 = 2673 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/molNa ‒ O = 1 x 20,0832 = 20.08 kcal/mol
= 4026 kcal/mol
C ‒ C = 17 x 83 = 1411 kcal/molC ‒ H = 35 x 99 = 3465 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/molNa ‒ O = 1 x 20,0832 = 20.08 kcal/mol
= 5150 kcal/mol
C = C = 1 x 147 = 147 kcal/molC ‒ C = 16 x 83 = 1328 kcal/molC ‒ H = 33 x 99 = 3267 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/molNa ‒ O = 1 x 20,0832 = 20.08 kcal/mol
= 5016 kcal/mol
C = C = 2 x 147 = 294 kcal/molC ‒ C = 15 x 83 = 1245 kcal/molC ‒ H = 31 x 99 = 3069 kcal/molC ‒ O = 1 x 84 = 84 kcal/molC = O = 1 x 170 = 170 kcal/molNa ‒ O = 1 x 20,0832 = 20.08 kcal/mol
= 4882 kcal/mol
2. Na-Miristat (C14H27O2Na)
3. Na-Stearat (C18H35O2Na)
4. Na-Oleat (C18H33O2Na)
5. Na-Linoleat (C18H31O2Na)
d. ΔHf Gliserol
APPENDIKS BB-11
C ‒ C = 2 x 83 = 166 kcal/molC ‒ H = 5 x 99 = 495 kcal/molC ‒ O = 3 x 84 = 252 kcal/molO ‒ H = 3 x 111 = 333 kcal/mol
= 1246 kcal/mol
e. ΔHf komponen laina. Larutan NaOH = -102 kcal/mol
-68.3 kcal/mol-57.28 kcal/mol
0 kcal/mol
Impurities 204.6581 0.337 0.0000Total 204.658 0
b. H2O =c. Ion Na+ =d. Ion H+ =
APPENDIKS BB-11
Suhu bahan keluar = 7070 - 25 = 45
H minyak =
Enthalphy bahan keluar
Komponen CPO Massa (kg) H (kcal)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 0.000 0.0000 0Tri-miristat 0.000 0.0000 0Tri-stearat 0.000 0.0000 0Tri-oleat 0.000 0.0000 0Tri-linoleat 0.000 0.0000 0
FFAAsam palmitat 0.000 0.0000 0Asam miristat 0.000 0.0000 0Asam stearat 0.000 0.0000 0Asam oleat 0.000 0.0000 0Asam linoleat 0.000 0.0000 0
Phospatida 0.000 0.0000 0Impurities 204.658 0.3370 3103.6402Total 204.658 3103.6402
Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunakan = 250H steam = ms x Hv
= ms x 672,36 = 672.36 ms kcal
H kondensat = ms x HI = ms x 260,486 = 260.486 ms kcal
Q loss = 5% x (H steam - H kondensat) = 5% x (672,36 ms - 260,486 ms) = 20.5935
°CΔT = °C
m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
°C
APPENDIKS BB-11
Neraca Panas :Hbahan masuk + Hsteam = Hbahan keluar + Hkondensat + Qloss244977,25 + 672,36 ms = 2204795,2 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms
ms = 7.932 kg
H Steam = 672.36 ms = 672,36 x 5008,729 = 5333 kcal
H Kondensat = 260.49 ms = 260,49 x 5008,729 = 2066.17716 kcal
Q Loss = 20.594 ms = 20,594 x 5008,729 = 163.347817 kcal
Q yang disupply = H Steam - H Kondensat = 3367669 - 1304703,8 = 3267 kcal
Neraca panas pada HeaterMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)
H minyak 0 H minyak 3103.6402449Q supply oleh steam 3267 Q Loss 163.34781668Total 3266.988062 Total 3266.9880616
2. Heater DegummingSuhu bahan masuk = 70
45H minyak =
Enthalphy bahan masuk
°CΔT = 70 - 25°C = °C
m x Cp x ΔT
APPENDIKS BB-11
Enthalphy bahan masuk
Komponen CPO Massa (kg) H (kcal)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 0.000 0.0000 0Tri-miristat 0.000 0.0000 0Tri-stearat 0.000 0.0000 0Tri-oleat 0.000 0.0000 0Tri-linoleat 0.000 0.0000 0
FFAAsam palmitat 0.000 0.0000 0Asam miristat 0.000 0.0000 0.0000Asam stearat 0.000 0.0000 0.0000Asam oleat 0.000 0.0000 0.0000Asam linoleat 0.000 0.0000 0.0000
Phospatida 0.000 0.0000 0.0000Impurities 204.658 0.3370 0.0000Total 204.658 0
Suhu bahan keluar 9090 - 25 = 65
H minyak =
Enthalphy bahan keluar
Komponen CPO Massa (kg) H (kcal)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 0.000 0.0000 0.000Tri-miristat 0.000 0.0000 0.000Tri-stearat 0.000 0.0000 0.000Tri-oleat 0.000 0.0000 0.000Tri-linoleat 0.000 0.0000 0.000
FFAAsam palmitat 0.000 0.0000 0.000Asam miristat 0.000 0.0000 0.000
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
°CΔT = °C
m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
APPENDIKS BB-11
Asam stearat 0.000 0.0000 0.000Asam oleat 0.000 0.0000 0.000Asam linoleat 0.000 0.0000 0.000
Phospatida 0.000 0.0000 0.000Impurities 204.658 0.3370 4483.036Total 204.658 4483.036
Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunak = 250H steam = ms x Hv
= ms x 672,36 = 672.36 ms kcal
H kondensat = ms x HI = ms x 260,486 = 260.486 ms kcal
Q loss = 5% x (H steam - H kondensat) = 5% x (672,36 ms - 260,486 ms) = 20.5935 kcal
Neraca Panas :Hbahan masuk + Hsteam = Hbahan keluar + Hkondensat + Qloss244977,25 + 672,36 ms = 3184704,244+260,486ms+20,5935ms
ms = 11.457 kg
H Steam = 672 ms = 672,36 x 7513,094 = 7703 kcal
H Kondensat = 260 ms = 260,49 x 7513,094 = 2984.524 kcal
Q Loss = 20.59 ms = 20,594 x 7513,094 = 235.9526 kcal
Q yang disupply = H Steam - H Kondensat
= 5051504 - 1957086
°C
APPENDIKS BB-11
= 4719 kcal
Neraca panas pada HeaterMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)
H minyak 0 H minyak 4483.036Q supply oleh stea 4719 Q Loss 235.952575Total 4718.93692629 Total 4718.988484
0.051558
1. PreHeater (Storage)Suhu bahan masuk = 30
5H minyak =
Enthalphy bahan masuk
Komponen CPO Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 41165.517 0.51534Tri-miristat 1029.138 0.51479Tri-stearat 4210.110 0.51579Tri-oleat 37703.871 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9449.357 0.47544
FFAAsam palmitat 1586.588 0.50766Asam miristat 39.665 0.50696Asam stearat 162.265 0.50889Asam oleat 1453.170 0.48789Asam linoleat 364.194 0.46661
Phospatida 87.711 0.45Impurities 204.658 0.337Total 97456.243
Suhu bahan keluar = 7070 - 25 = 45
Enthalphy bahan keluar
Komponen CPO Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 41165.517 0.51534Tri-miristat 1029.138 0.51479Tri-stearat 4210.110 0.51579Tri-oleat 37703.871 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9449.357 0.47544
FFAAsam palmitat 1586.588 0.50766Asam miristat 39.665 0.50696Asam stearat 162.265 0.50889Asam oleat 1453.170 0.48789Asam linoleat 364.194 0.46661
Phospatida 87.711 0.45000Impurities 204.658 0.33700Total 97456.243
°CΔT = 30 - 25°C = °C
m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunakan = 250
H steam/ H vapor = = ms x 411,874 = 411.874
H kondensat/ H liquid = ms x HI = ms x 260,486 = 260.486
Q loss = 5% x H steam = 5% x 411,874 ms = 20.594
Neraca Panas :H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss244977,25 + 411,874 ms = 2204795,2 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms
ms = 14983.970986247 kg
H Steam = 411.874 ms = =
H Kondensat = 260.486 ms = =
Q Loss = 20.594 ms = =
Neraca panas pada HeaterMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)
H minyak 244977.250 H minyak 2204795H steam 6171508.07 H kondensat 3903114.6663236
Q loss 308575.40329948Total 6416485.316 Total 6416485.316
2. Heater DegummingSuhu bahan masuk = 70
70 - 25 = 45H minyak =
Enthalphy bahan masuk
Komponen CPO Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 41165.517 0.51534Tri-miristat 1029.138 0.51479Tri-stearat 4210.110 0.51579Tri-oleat 37703.871 0.49575
ms x λ
°CΔT = °C
m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
Tri-linoleat 9449.357 0.47544FFA
Asam palmitat 1586.588 0.50766Asam miristat 39.665 0.50696Asam stearat 162.265 0.50889Asam oleat 1453.170 0.48789Asam linoleat 364.194 0.46661
Phospatida 87.711 0.45000Impurities 204.658 0.33700Total 97456.243
Suhu bahan keluar = 9090 - 25 = 65
Enthalphy bahan keluar
Komponen CPO Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 41165.517 0.51534Tri-miristat 1029.138 0.51479Tri-stearat 4210.110 0.51579Tri-oleat 37703.871 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9449.357 0.47544
FFAAsam palmitat 1586.588 0.50766Asam miristat 39.665 0.50696Asam stearat 162.265 0.50889Asam oleat 1453.170 0.48789Asam linoleat 364.194 0.46661
Phospatida 87.711 0.45000Impurities 204.658 0.33700Total 97456.243
Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunakan = 250
H steam = = ms x 411,874 = 411.874
H kondensat = ms x HL = ms x 260,486 = 260.486
Q loss = 5% x H steam = 5% x 411,874 ms kcal = 20.594
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
ms x λ
Neraca Panas :H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss2204795,246 + 411,874 ms = 3184704,244 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms
ms = 7491.9854931236 kg
H Steam = 411.874 ms = =
H Kondensat = 260.486 ms = =
Q Loss = 20.594 ms = =
Neraca panas pada HeaterMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)
H minyak 2204795.246 H minyak 3184704.244H steam 3085754.03 H kondensat 1951557.3331618
Q loss 154287.70164974Total 5290549.279 Total 5290549.279
3. Tangki DegummingSuhu bahan masuk = 90
90 - 25 = 65
Enthalphy bahan masuk
Komponen CPO Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 41165.517 0.51534Tri-miristat 1029.138 0.51479Tri-stearat 4210.110 0.51579Tri-oleat 37703.871 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9449.357 0.47544
FFAAsam palmitat 1586.588 0.50766Asam miristat 39.665 0.50696Asam stearat 162.265 0.50889Asam oleat 1453.170 0.48789Asam linoleat 364.194 0.46661
Phospatida 87.711 0.45000Impurities 204.658 0.33700Total 97456.243
Komponen Massa (kg)
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
Komponen Massa (kg)
140.8243 0.1357
24.8513 0.9987Total 165.6756
Komponen Massa (kg)
65.7830 0.9987Total
Suhu bahan keluar = 9090 - 25 = 65
Enthalphy bahan keluar
Komponen CPO Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 41165.517 0.51534Tri-miristat 1029.138 0.51479Tri-stearat 4210.110 0.51579Tri-oleat 37703.871 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9449.357 0.47544
FFAAsam palmitat 1586.588 0.50766Asam miristat 39.665 0.50696Asam stearat 162.265 0.50889Asam oleat 1453.170 0.48789Asam linoleat 364.194 0.46661
Impurities 204.658 0.33700GumPhospat 228.535 0.24450
90.634 0.99870Total
Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunakan = 250
H steam = = ms x 411,874 = 411.874
H kondensat = ms x HL = ms x 260,486 = 260.486
Q loss = 5% x H steam = 5% x 411,874 ms kcal = 20.594
Neraca Panas :
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
H3PO4
H2O
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
H2O
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
H2O
ms x λ
H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss3185252,3758 + 672,36 ms = 3191654,271 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms
ms = 48.946282520817 kg
H Steam = 411.874 ms = =
H Kondensat = 260.486 ms = =
Q Loss = 20.594 ms = =
Neraca panas pada tanki degummingMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)
H minyak 3184704.244 H minyak 3191654.271H lar. H3PO4 219.644 H kondensat 12749.8H Air wash 328.487 Q Loss 1007.985H steam 20159.701
Total 3205412.077 Total 3205412.077
4. CoolerSuhu bahan masuk = 90
90 - 25 = 65
Enthalphy bahan masuk
Komponen CPO Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 41165.517 0.51534Tri-miristat 1029.138 0.51479Tri-stearat 4210.110 0.51579Tri-oleat 37703.871 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9449.357 0.47544
FFAAsam palmitat 1586.588 0.50766Asam miristat 39.665 0.50696Asam stearat 162.265 0.50889Asam oleat 1453.170 0.48789Asam linoleat 364.194 0.46661
Impurities 20.466 0.33700
0.453 0.99870Total 97184.793
Suhu bahan keluar = 7070 - 25 = 45
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
H2O
°CΔT = °C
Enthalphy bahan keluar
Komponen CPO Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 41165.517 0.51534Tri-miristat 1029.138 0.51479Tri-stearat 4210.110 0.51579Tri-oleat 37703.871 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9449.357 0.47544
FFAAsam palmitat 1586.588 0.50766Asam miristat 39.665 0.50696Asam stearat 162.265 0.50889Asam oleat 1453.170 0.48789Asam linoleat 364.194 0.46661
Impurities 20.466 0.33700
0.453 0.99870Total 97184.793
Air yang digunakanH air masuk =
= ma x 0,9987 x (30-25) = 4.9935 ma (kcal)
H air keluar = ma x Cp x ΔT = ma x 0,9987 x (45-25) = 19.974 ma (kcal)
Perhitungan massa air yang digunakan :H bahan masuk = 3178133.394 kcalH air = 4.9935 ma (kcal)Enthalpy keluar sistemH bahan keluar = 2200246.196 kcalH air = 19.974 ma (kcal)
Neraca panas :H bahan masuk + Hair = H bahan keluar + H air
3178133,394 + 4,994 ma = 2200246,394 + 19,974 mama = 65277.340 kg
maka:H air masuk = 4,994 x 65279,519 = 325962.39938819 kcalH air keluar = 19,974 x 65279,519 = 1303849.6 kcalQ yang diserap air pendingin = 1303893,1 - 326005,9
= 977887.2 kcal
Neraca panas pada cooler
H minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
H2O
ma x Cp x ΔT
Masuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)H minyak 3178133.394 H minyak 2200246.196
H air 325962.399 H Air 1303849.6Total 3504095.793 Total 3504095.793
5. Tangki NetralisasiSuhu bahan masuk = 70
70 - 25 = 45
Enthalphy bahan masuk
Komponen CPO Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 41165.517 0.51534Tri-miristat 1029.138 0.51479Tri-stearat 4210.110 0.51579Tri-oleat 37703.871 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9449.357 0.47544
FFAAsam palmitat 1586.588 0.50766Asam miristat 39.665 0.50696Asam stearat 162.265 0.50889Asam oleat 1453.170 0.48789Asam linoleat 364.194 0.46661
Impurities 20.466 0.33700
0.453 0.99870Total 97184.793
Larutan NaOH
Komponen Massa (kg)
NaOH 667.9412 0.48
5371.3101 0.9987Total
Reaksi :
1. Asam Palmitat
4679 kcal/mol
Komponen koefisien MolC16H32O2 -1 6184.1217617509 4679
NaOH -1 6184.1217617509 -102
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
H2O
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
H2O
R-COOH + NaOH → R-COONa + H2OΔHf25 = ΔHf Produk - ΔHf ReaktanΔHr70 = -∑Hr + ΔHf25 + ∑Hp
C16H32O2 + NaOH → C16H31O2Na + H2OΔHf As.Palmitat =
ΔHf
C16H31O2Na 1 6184.1217617509 4588.0832H2O 1 6184.1217617509 -68.3
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
C16H32O2 6.184 70 130.1784NaOH 6.184 70 19.31
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
Na-palmitat 6.184 70 123.714H2O 6.184 70 17.1
(-353959,3405) + 39186,4915 - (-41600,451) = -356249.618 kcal
2. Asam Miristat
4117 kcal/mol
Komponen koefisien MolC14H28O2 -1 173.88095870239 4117
NaOH -1 173.88095870239 -102C14H27O2Na 1 173.88095870239 4026.0832
H2O 1 173.88095870239 -68.3
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
C14H28O2 0.174 70 115.5864NaOH 0.174 70 19.31
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
Na-miristat 0.174 70 109.122H2O 0.174 70 17.1
(-9952,3897)+ 987,6421 - (-1055,516) = -10016.786 kcal
3. Asam stearat
5241 kcal/mol
ΔH25
T(°C)
ΔHr
T(°C)
ΔHp
Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =
C14H28O2 + NaOH → C14H27O2Na + H2OΔHf As.Miristat =
ΔHf
ΔH25
T(°C)
ΔHr
T(°C)
ΔHp
Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =
C18H36O2 + NaOH → C18H35O2Na + H2OΔHf As.stearat =
Komponen koefisien MolC18H36O2 -1 570.10514760153 5241
NaOH -1 570.10514760153 -102C18H35O2Na 1 570.10514760153 5150.0832
H2O 1 570.10514760153 -68.3
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
C18H36O2 0.570 70 144.7704NaOH 0.570 70 19.31
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
Na-stearat 0.570 70 138.306H2O 0.570 70 17.1
(-32630,9943) + 3986,8992 - (-4209,439) = -32842.132 kcal
4. Asam Oleat
5107 kcal/mol
Komponen koefisien MolC18H33O2 -1 5141.9388090804 5107
NaOH -1 5141.9388090804 -102C18H33O2Na 1 5141.9388090804 5016.0832
H2O 1 5141.9388090804 -68.3
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
C18H33O2 5.142 70 137.8152NaOH 5.142 70 19.31
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
Na-Oleat 5.142 70 131.3508H2O 5.142 70 17.1
(-294308,1232) + 34349,6218 - (-36356,767) = -296212.430 kcal
ΔHf
ΔH25
T(°C)
ΔHr
T(°C)
ΔHp
Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =
C18H33O2 + NaOH → C18H32O2Na + H2OΔHf As.oleat =
ΔHf
ΔH25
T(°C)
ΔHr
T(°C)
ΔHp
Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =
5. Asam linoleat
4973 kcal/mol
Komponen koefisien MolC18H32O2 -1 1297.9564391639 4973
NaOH -1 1297.9564391639 -102C18H31O2Na 1 1297.9564391639 4882.0832
H2O 1 1297.9564391639 -68.3
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
C18H32O2 1.298 70 130.8600NaOH 1.298 70 19.31
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
Na-linoleat 1.298 70 124.3956H2O 1.298 70 17.1
(-74290,873) + 8264,4806 - (-8771,135) = -74771.569 kcal
1. Tri-Palmitat
14617 kcal/mol
Komponen koefisien MolC51H98O6 -1 509.89071609102 14617
NaOH -3 509.89071609102 -102C15H31COONa 3 509.89071609102 4588.0832
Gliserol 1 509.89071609102 1246
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
C51H98O6 0.5099 70 416.0544NaOH 0.5099 70 19.31
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
Na-palmitat 0.5099 70 123.714
C18H32O2 + NaOH → C18H31O2Na + H2OΔHf As.linoleat =
ΔHf
ΔH25
T(°C)
ΔHr
T(°C)
ΔHp
Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =
C51H98O6 + 3NaOH → 3C15H31COONa + C3H8O3ΔHf Tri-Palmitat =
ΔHf
ΔH25
T(°C)
ΔHr
T(°C)
Gliserol 0.5099 70 21.77
356540,8793 + 3338,1423 - (-9989,472) = 349889.550 kcal
2. Tri-Miristat
12931 kcal/mol
Komponen koefisien MolC45H86O6 -1 14.230926709104 12931
NaOH -3 14.230926709104 -102C13H27COONa 3 14.230926709104 4026.0832
Gliserol 1 14.230926709104 1246
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
C45H86O6 0.0142 70 372.2784NaOH 0.0142 70 19.31
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
Na-miristat 0.0142 70 109.122Gliserol 0.0142 70 21.77
9950,9698 + 83,8222 - (-250,770) = 9784.022 kcal
3. Tri-Stearat
16303 kcal/mol
Komponen koefisien MolC57H110O6 -1 47.225010663339 16303
NaOH -3 47.225010663339 -102C17H35COONa 3 47.225010663339 5150.0832
Gliserol 1 47.225010663339 1246
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
C57H110O6 0.0472 70 459.8304NaOH 0.0472 70 19.31
ΔHp
Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =
C45H86O6 + 3NaOH → 3C13H27COONa + C3H8O3ΔHf Tri-Miristat =
ΔHf
ΔH25
T(°C)
ΔHr
T(°C)
ΔHp
Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =
C57H110O6 + 3NaOH → 3C17H35COONa + C3H8O3ΔHf Tri-Stearat =
ΔHf
ΔH25
T(°C)
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
Na-stearat 0.0472 70 138.306Gliserol 0.0472 70 21.77
33022,0698 + 340,1816 - (-1018,233) = 32344.018 kcal
4. Tri-Oleat
15652 kcal/mol
Komponen koefisien MolC57H104O6 -1 425.81592770947 15652
NaOH -3 425.81592770947 -102C17H33COONa 3 425.81592770947 5016.0832
Gliserol 1 425.81592770947 1246
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
C57H104O6 0.4258 70 438.9648NaOH 0.4258 70 19.31
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
Na-Oleat 0.4258 70 131.3508Gliserol 0.4258 70 21.77
403779,7831 + 2934,0574 - (-8781,332) = 397932.509 kcal
5. Tri-linoleat
16093 kcal/mol
Komponen koefisien MolC57H98O6 -1 107.45232349438 16093
NaOH -3 107.45232349438 -102C17H31COONa 3 107.45232349438 4882.0832
Gliserol 1 107.45232349438 1246
ΔHr
T(°C)
ΔHp
Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =
C57H104O6 + 3NaOH → 3C17H33COONa + C3H8O3ΔHf Tri-oleat =
ΔHf
ΔH25
T(°C)
ΔHr
T(°C)
ΔHp
Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =
C57H98O6 + 3NaOH → 3C17H31COONa + C3H8O3ΔHf Tri-linoleat =
ΔHf
ΔH25
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
C57H98O6 0.1075 70 418.0992NaOH 0.1075 70 19.31
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
Na-linoleat 0.1075 70 124.3956Gliserol 0.1075 70 21.77
11309,314 + 706,7625 - (-2115,029) = 9901.048 kcal
Komponen Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-Palmitat 40753.862 45 0.51534Tri-Miristat 1018.847 45 0.51479Tri-Stearat 4168.009 45 0.51579Tri-Oleat 37326.833 45 0.49575Tri-Linoleat 9354.864 45 0.47544
FFAAs.Palmitat 0.79329 45 0.5077As.Miristat 0.01983 45 0.5070As.Stearat 0.08113 45 0.5089As.Oleat 0.72659 45 0.4879As.linoleat 0.18210 45 0.4666
Impurities 20.4658 45 0.3370Air 5612.3873 45 0.9987NaOH sisa 0.6673 45 0.48gliserol 101.6246 45 0.24Na-palmitat 2147.7516 45 0.4443Na-Miristat 53.2042 45 0.4365Na-Stearat 218.1464 45 0.4513Na-Oleat 1954.5106 45 0.4314Na-Linolenat 490.0638 45 0.4113
Total
Enthalpy ReaksiKomponen TGS FFA Jumlah
Palmitat 349889.550 -356249.618 -6360.068Miristat 9784.022 -10016.786 -232.764Stearat 32344.018 -32842.132 -498.114Oleat 397932.509 -296212.430 101720.079
T(°C)
ΔHr
T(°C)
ΔHp
Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =
Enthalpy bahan keluar dari tangki netralisasi pada suhu 70 °C
ΔT Cp(kcal/kg°C)
Linoleat 9901.048 -74771.569 -64870.521Total 29758.612
Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunakan = 250
H steam = = ms x 411,874 = 411.874
H kondensat = ms x HL = ms x 260,486 = 260.486
Q loss = 5% x H steam = 5% x 411,874 ms kcal = 20.594
Neraca Panas :H bahan masuk + H steam + H NaOH = H bahan keluar + H reaksi + H kondensat + Q loss
2200246,196 + 672,36 ms + 28424,6956 = 2447427,226 + 257787,541 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 msms = 1900.0441697495 kg
H Steam = 411.874 ms = =
H Kondensat = 260.486 ms = =
Q Loss = 20.594 ms = =
Neraca panas pada tangki netralisasiMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)
H minyak 2200246.196 H minyak 2447427.226H lar. NaOH 28424.696 H reaksi 29758.612H steam 782578.792 Q Loss 39128.940
H kondensat 494934.906Total 3011249.684 Total 3011249.684
6. Heater BleachingSuhu bahan masuk = 70
70 - 25 = 45
Enthalphy bahan masuk
Komponen Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-Palmitat 40065.580 45 0.51534
ms x λ
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
ΔT Cp(kcal/kg°C)
Tri-Miristat 1001.640 45 0.51479Tri-Stearat 4097.616 45 0.51579Tri-Oleat 36696.429 45 0.49575Tri-Linoleat 9196.872 45 0.47544
FFAAs.Palmitat 0.780 45 0.50766As.Miristat 0.019 45 0.50696As.Stearat 0.080 45 0.50889As.Oleat 0.714 45 0.48789As.linoleat 0.179 45 0.46661
Impurities 20.120 45 0.33700Air 561.193 45 0.99870Total 91641.2234
Suhu bahan keluar = 120120 - 25 = 95
Enthalphy bahan keluar
Komponen Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-Palmitat 40065.580 95 0.51534Tri-Miristat 1001.640 95 0.51479Tri-Stearat 4097.616 95 0.51579Tri-Oleat 36696.429 95 0.49575Tri-Linoleat 9196.872 95 0.47544
FFAAs.Palmitat 0.780 95 0.50766As.Miristat 0.019 95 0.50696As.Stearat 0.080 95 0.50889As.Oleat 0.714 95 0.48789As.linoleat 0.179 95 0.46661
Impurities 20.120 95 0.33700Air 561.193 95 0.99870Total 91641.223
Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunakan = 250
H steam = = ms x 411,874 = 411.874
H kondensat = ms x HL = ms x 260,486 = 260.486
Q loss = 5% x H steam
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
ΔT Cp(kcal/kg°C)
ms x λ
= 5% x 411,874 ms kcal = 20.594
Neraca Panas :H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss2088430,919 + 411,874 ms = 4408909,718 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms
ms = 17741.436735994 kg
H Steam = 411.874 ms = =
H Kondensat = 260.486 ms = =
Q Loss = 20.594 ms = =
Neraca panas pada Heater bleachingMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)
H minyak 2088430.919 H minyak 4408909.718H steam 7307236.51 H kondensat 4621395.88961226
Q loss 365361.82571005Total 9395667.433 Total 9395667.433
7. Heater DeodorisasiSuhu bahan masuk = 120
120 - 25 = 95
Enthalphy bahan masuk
Komponen Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-Palmitat 39945.384 95 0.51534Tri-Miristat 998.635 95 0.51479Tri-Stearat 4085.323 95 0.51579Tri-Oleat 36586.340 95 0.49575Tri-Linoleat 9169.281 95 0.47544
FFAAs.Palmitat 0.778 95 0.50766As.Miristat 0.019 95 0.50696As.Stearat 0.080 95 0.50889As.Oleat 0.712 95 0.48789As.linoleat 0.178 95 0.46661
Impurities 6.036 95 0.33700Air 559.510 95 0.99870
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
ΔT Cp(kcal/kg°C)
Total 91352.276
Suhu bahan keluar = 160160 - 25 = 135
Enthalphy bahan keluar
Komponen Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-Palmitat 39945.384 135 0.51534Tri-Miristat 998.635 135 0.51479Tri-Stearat 4085.323 135 0.51579Tri-Oleat 36586.340 135 0.49575Tri-Linoleat 9169.281 135 0.47544
FFAAs.Palmitat 0.778 135 0.50766As.Miristat 0.019 135 0.50696As.Stearat 0.080 135 0.50889As.Oleat 0.712 135 0.48789As.linoleat 0.178 135 0.46661
Impurities 6.036 135 0.33700Air 559.510 135 0.99870Total 91352.276
Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunakan = 250
H steam = = ms x 411,874 = 411.874
H kondensat = ms x HL = ms x 260,486 = 260.486
Q loss = 5% x H steam = 5% x 411,874 ms kcal = 20.594
Neraca Panas :H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss4395234,018 + 411,874 ms = 6245858,868 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms
ms = 14149.124615739 kg
H Steam = 411.874 ms = =
H Kondensat = 260.486 ms = =
Q Loss = 20.594 ms =
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
ΔT Cp(kcal/kg°C)
ms x λ
=
Neraca panas pada Heater deodorisasiMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)
H minyak 4395234.018 H minyak 6245858.868H steam 5827656.55 H kondensat 3685648.8746555
Q loss 291382.827599153Total 10222890.570 Total 10222890.570
8. DeodorisasiSuhu bahan masuk = 160
160 - 25 = 135
Enthalphy bahan masuk
Komponen Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-Palmitat 39945.384 135 0.51534Tri-Miristat 998.635 135 0.51479Tri-Stearat 4085.323 135 0.51579Tri-Oleat 36586.340 135 0.49575Tri-Linoleat 9169.281 135 0.47544
FFAAs.Palmitat 0.778 135 0.50766As.Miristat 0.019 135 0.50696As.Stearat 0.080 135 0.50889As.Oleat 0.712 135 0.48789As.linoleat 0.178 135 0.46661
Impurities 6.036 135 0.33700Air 559.510 135 0.99870Total 91352.276
Suhu bahan keluar = 235235 - 25 = 210
Enthalphy bahan keluar
Komponen Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-Palmitat 39743.017 210 0.51534Tri-Miristat 993.575 210 0.51479Tri-Stearat 4064.627 210 0.51579
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
ΔT Cp(kcal/kg°C)
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
ΔT Cp(kcal/kg°C)
Tri-Oleat 36400.991 210 0.49575Tri-Linoleat 9122.829 210 0.47544
FFAAs.Palmitat 0.774 210 0.50766As.Miristat 0.019 210 0.50696As.Stearat 0.079 210 0.50889As.Oleat 0.709 210 0.48789As.linoleat 0.178 210 0.46661
Impurities 0.000 210 0.33700Air 556.675 210 0.99870Total 90883.473
Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunakan = 250
H steam = = ms x 411,874 = 411.874
H kondensat = ms x HL = ms x 260,486 = 260.486
Q loss = 5% x H steam = 5% x 411,874 ms kcal = 20.594
Neraca Panas :H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H vapor + H kondensat + Q loss6245858,868 + 411,874 ms = 9666134,587 + 315204,3194 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms
ms = 75520.429141958 kg
H Steam = 411.874 ms = =
H Kondensat = 260.486 ms = =
Q Loss = 20.594 ms = =
Neraca panas pada Tangki deodorisasiMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)
H minyak 6245858.868 H minyak 9666134.587H steam 31104901.23 H kondensat 19672014.5054721
Q loss 1555245.06162075H vapor 6457365.946
Total 37350760.100 Total 37350760.100
9. Cooler
ms x λ
Suhu bahan masuk = 235235 - 25 = 210
Enthalphy bahan masuk
Komponen CPO Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 39743.017 0.51534Tri-miristat 993.575 0.51479Tri-stearat 4064.627 0.51579Tri-oleat 36400.991 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9122.829 0.47544
FFAAsam palmitat 0.774 0.50766Asam miristat 0.019 0.50696Asam stearat 0.079 0.50889Asam oleat 0.709 0.48789Asam linoleat 0.178 0.46661
Impurities 0.000 0.33700
556.675 0.99870Total 90883.473
Suhu bahan keluar = 140140 - 25 = 115
Enthalphy bahan keluar
Komponen CPO Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 39743.017 0.51534Tri-miristat 993.575 0.51479Tri-stearat 4064.627 0.51579Tri-oleat 36400.991 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9122.829 0.47544
FFAAsam palmitat 0.774 0.50766Asam miristat 0.019 0.50696Asam stearat 0.079 0.50889Asam oleat 0.709 0.48789Asam linoleat 0.178 0.46661
Impurities 0.000 0.33700
556.675 0.99870Total 90883.473
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
H2O
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
H2O
Air yang digunakanH air masuk =
= ma x 0,9987 x (30-25) = 4.9935 ma (kcal)
H air keluar = ma x Cp x ΔT = ma x 0,9987 x (45-25) = 19.974 ma (kcal)
Perhitungan massa air yang digunakan :H bahan masuk = 9666134.587 kcalH air = 4.9935 ma (kcal)Enthalpy keluar sistemH bahan keluar = 5293359.417 kcalH air = 19.974 ma (kcal)
Neraca panas :H bahan masuk + Hair = H bahan keluar + H air
3178133,394 + 4,994 ma = 2200246,394 + 19,974 mama = 291897.812 kg
maka:H air masuk = 4,994 x 65279,519 = 1457591.7233993 kcalH air keluar = 19,974 x 65279,519 = 5830366.9 kcalQ yang diserap air pendingin = 1303893,1 - 326005,9
= 4372775.2 kcal
Neraca panas pada coolerMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)
H minyak 9666134.587 H minyak 5293359.417Hair 1457591.723 H Air 5830366.9
Total 11123726.310 Total 11123726.31010. Tangki Hodrogenasi
Suhu bahan masuk = 140140 - 25 = 115
Enthalphy bahan masuk
Komponen CPO Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 39743.017 0.51534Tri-miristat 993.575 0.51479Tri-stearat 4064.627 0.51579Tri-oleat 36400.991 0.49575Tri-linoleat 9122.829 0.47544
FFAAsam palmitat 0.774 0.50766Asam miristat 0.019 0.50696
ma x Cp x ΔT
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
Asam stearat 0.079 0.50889Asam oleat 0.709 0.48789Asam linoleat 0.178 0.46661
Impurities 0.000 0.33700
556.675 0.99870Total 90883.473
Komponen Massa (kg)
Nikel 18.1767 0.109
409.8640 0.013Total
1. Tri-oleatKomponen koefisien Mol
C57H104O6(tak jenuh) -1 43231.580679064 14911H2 -3 43231.580679064 0
C17H33COO(jenuh) 1 43231.580679064 15460
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
C57H104O6(tak jenuh) 43.2316 140 417.0768H2 43.2316 140 0.007
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
C17H33COO(jenuh) 43.2316 140 437.9424
23734137,79+3123935,4627-(-2975146,672) = 23837839.071 kcal
2. Tri-linooleatKomponen koefisien Mol
C57H98O6(tak jenuh) -1 10912.474871802 13936H2 -3 10912.474871802 0
C18H35COO(jenuh) 1 10912.474871802 15460
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
C57H98O6(tak jenuh) 10.9125 140 365.6640H2 10.9125 140 0.007
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
H2O
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
H2
ΔHf
ΔH25
T(°C)
ΔHr
T(°C)
ΔHp
Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =
ΔHf
ΔH25
T(°C)
ΔHr
T(°C)
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
C18H35COO(jenuh) 10.9125 140 437.9424
16630611,7+788540,8468-(-658411,974) = 16721307.586 kcal
1. Asam Oleat
Komponen koefisien Mol
C18H33O2 -1 706.43737083433 5107H2 -1 706.43737083433 0
C18H36O2 1 706.43737083433 5241
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
C18H33O2 0.706 140 137.8152H2 0.706 140 0.007
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
C18H36O2 0.706 140 144.77
94662,6077+16874,7514-(-16064,854) = 95227.082 kcal
2. Asam linoleat
Komponen koefisien Mol
C18H32O2 -1 177.047579291 4973H2 -2 177.047579291 0
C18H36O2 1 177.047579291 5241
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
C18H32O2 0.177 140 130.8600H2 0.177 140 0.007
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
T(°C)
ΔHp
Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =
C18H33O2 + H2 → C18H36O2
ΔHf
ΔH25
T(°C)
ΔHr
T(°C)
ΔHp
Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =
C18H32O2 + 2H2 → C18H36O2
ΔHf
ΔH25
T(°C)
ΔHr
T(°C)
Komponen kgmol Cp (kcal/kmol°C)
C18H36O2 0.177 140 144.77
47448,751+4229,1561-(-3822,998) = 47731.831 kcal
= 127602,213 + 55500,905 = 142958.913 kcal
= 29833219,927 + 18077564,525 = 40559146.657 kcal
= 183103,119 + 47910784,452 = 40702105.570 kcal
Suhu bahan keluar = 190190 - 25 = 165
Enthalphy bahan keluar
Komponen CPO Massa (kg)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 39743.017 0.51534Tri-miristat 993.575 0.51479Tri-stearat 49978.786 0.51579Tri-oleat 0.000 0.49575Tri-linoleat 0.000 0.47544
FFAAsam palmitat 0.774 0.50766Asam miristat 0.019 0.50696Asam stearat 0.970 0.50889Asam oleat 0.000 0.48789Asam linoleat 0.000 0.46661
Impurities 0.000 0.33700
556.675 0.99870Total 91273.817
Komponen Massa (kg)
Nikel 18.1767 0.109
19.5173 0.013
T(°C)
ΔHp
Enthalpy reaksi total untuk asam palmitat ( ΔH)= ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHrΔH =
ΔH total panas reaksi pada FFA = ΔH1 + ΔH2
ΔH total panas reaksi pada TGS = ΔH1 + ΔH2
ΔH Total = ΔH total panas reaksi pada TGS + ΔH panas reaksi pada FFA
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
H2O
Cp (kcal/kg °C)
H2
Total
Perhitungan massa steam (ms) adalah sebagai berikut :Steam jenuh yang digunakan = 250
H steam = = ms x 411,874 = 411.874
H kondensat = ms x HL = ms x 260,486 = 260.486
Q loss = 5% x H steam = 5% x 411,874 ms kcal = 20.594
Neraca Panas :H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + H reaksi + Q loss
5293395,964 + 411,874 ms = 7809171,606 + 45794788,567 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 msms = 330426.33518383 kg
H Steam = 411.874 ms = =
H Kondensat = 260.486 ms = =
Q Loss = 20.594 ms = =
Neraca panas pada Heater deodorisasiMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)
H minyak 5293359.417 H minyak 7809171.606H nikel 9.91 H kondensat 86071434.3466938H H2 26.6412 Q loss 6804700.81887514
H steam 136094016.378 H reaksi 40702105.570Total 141387412.342 Total 141387412.342
ms x λ
H (kcal)
0.51534 5 106071.1380.51479 5 2648.9330.51579 5 10857.7480.49575 5 93459.1020.47544 5 22462.865
0.50766 5 4027.2090.50696 5 100.5420.50889 5 412.8780.48789 5 3544.9590.46661 5 849.678
0.45 5 197.3490.337 5 344.849
244977.250
H (kcal)
0.51534 45 954640.2420.51479 45 23840.4000.51579 45 97719.7300.49575 45 841131.9160.47544 45 202165.787
0.50766 45 36244.8810.50696 45 904.8750.50889 45 3715.9040.48789 45 31904.6320.46661 45 7647.100
0.45000 45 1776.1400.33700 45 3103.640
2204795.246
Cp (kcal/kg °C) ΔT (°C)
Cp (kcal/kg °C) ΔT (°C)
Hv = sat'd vapor *0,24ms x 411,874 HI = sat'd liquid * 0,24
ms kcal (appendiks geankoplis A.2.9)
ms x 260,486ms kcal
5% x H steam5% x 411,874 ms
ms kcal
H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss244977,25 + 411,874 ms = 2204795,2 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms
672,36 x 14983,9716171508.07 kcal
260,486 x 14983,9713903114.66632 kcal20,594 x 14983,971308575.403299 kcal
H (kcal)
0.51534 45 954640.2420.51479 45 23840.4000.51579 45 97719.7300.49575 45 841131.916
°C
Cp (kcal/kg °C) ΔT (°C)
0.47544 45 202165.787
0.50766 45 36244.8810.50696 45 904.8750.50889 45 3715.9040.48789 45 31904.6320.46661 45 7647.100
0.45000 45 1776.1400.33700 45 3103.640
2204795.246
H (kcal)
0.51534 65 1378924.7940.51479 65 34436.1330.51579 65 141150.7210.49575 65 1214968.3230.47544 65 292017.248
0.50766 65 52353.7170.50696 65 1307.0410.50889 65 5367.4160.48789 65 46084.4680.46661 65 11045.811
0.45000 65 2565.5360.33700 65 4483.036
3184704.244
ms x 411,874ms kcal
ms x 260,486ms kcal
5% x H steam5% x 411,874 ms kcal
ms kcal
Cp (kcal/kg °C) ΔT (°C)
°C
H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss2204795,246 + 411,874 ms = 3184704,244 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms
672,36 x 7491,98553085754.03 kcal
260,486 x 7491,98551951557.33316 kcal20,594 x 7491,9855
154287.70165 kcal
H (kcal)
65 1378924.79465 34436.13365 141150.72165 1214968.32365 292017.248
65 52353.71765 1307.04165 5367.41665 46084.46865 11045.811
65 2565.53665 4483.036
3184704.2443185252.3758 =
H (kcal) =
ΔT (°C)
ΔT (°C)
H (kcal) =
5 95.5493
5 124.0952219.6444
H (kcal)
5 328.4872328.4872
H (kcal)
65 1378924.794 21214.2275948865 34436.133 529.786662578365 141150.721 2171.54955433365 1214968.323 18691.8203543865 292017.248 4492.5730491146565 52353.717 805.441797248565 1307.041 20.1083282090665 5367.416 82.5756380793765 46084.468 708.991821271865 11045.811 169.93554740276565 4483.036 68.9697832208565 3631.991 55.87678060496
65 5883.571 90.51648145753191654.271 49102.37339278
ms x 411,874ms kcal
ms x 260,486ms kcal
5% x H steam5% x 411,874 ms kcal
ms kcal
ΔT (°C)
ΔT (°C)
ΔT (°C)
°C
H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss3185252,3758 + 672,36 ms = 3191654,271 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms
672,36 x 16,361420159.7 kcal
260,486 x 16,361412749.8213487 kcal20,594 x 16,36141007.98505835 kcal
H (kcal)
65 1378924.79465 34436.13365 141150.72165 1214968.32365 292017.248
65 52353.71765 1307.04165 5367.41665 46084.46865 11045.811
65 448.304
65 29.4183178133.394
ΔT (°C)
H (kcal)
45 954640.24245 23840.40045 97719.73045 841131.91645 202165.787
45 36244.88145 904.87545 3715.90445 31904.63245 7647.100
45 310.364
45 20.3662200246.196
ΔT (°C)
Panas reaksi pada FFAKomponen
H (kcal)As.PalmitatAs.MiristatAs.stearat
45 954640.242 As.Oleat45 23840.400 As.Linoleat45 97719.730 Na-palmitat45 841131.916 Na-Miristat45 202165.787 Na-Stearat
Na-Oleat45 36244.881 Na-Linoleat45 904.875 H2O45 3715.904 NaOH45 31904.632 Gliserol45 7647.100
Panas reaksi pada Trigliserida45 310.364 Komponen
45 20.366 tri-palmitat2200246.196 tri-miristat
tri-stearattri-oleat
H (kcal)tri-linoleat
5 1603.0588
5 26821.636728424.6956
H (kcal)-28935505.7232326630780.419698594
ΔT (°C)
ΔT (°C)
28373265.1618438-422375.516327588-353835.658017749
H (kcal)
45 36226.75845 5373.693
41600.451
H (kcal)
45 34427.809845 4758.6817
39186.4915
H (kcal)-715867.90697773717735.8577876437700059.206631583-11876.0694793732
-9948.9120
H (kcal)
45 904.42245 151.094
1055.516
H (kcal)
45 853.840745 133.8014
987.6421
ΔT
ΔT
ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr
ΔT
ΔT
ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr
H (kcal)-2987921.0785796158150.725055356
2936088.94289616-38938.1815811844-32619.5922092867
H (kcal)
45 3714.04645 495.393
4209.439
H (kcal)
45 3548.203345 438.6959
3986.8992
H (kcal)-26259881.4979736
524477.758526225792392.8756562-351194.420660191-294205.284451392
H (kcal)
45 31888.68045 4468.088
36356.767
H (kcal)
45 30392.899945 3956.7219
34349.6218
ΔT
ΔT
ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr
ΔT
ΔT
ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr
H (kcal)-6454737.37196199132391.5567947166336731.32597381-88650.4247948932-74264.9139883513
H (kcal)
45 7643.27645 1127.859
8771.135
H (kcal)
45 7265.703245 998.7775
8264.4806
H (kcal)-7453072.59710238156026.5591238517018263.08499948635323.832249406356540.879270356
H (kcal)
45 9546.40245 443.070
9989.472
H (kcal)
45 2838.6279
ΔT
ΔT
ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr
ΔT
ΔT
45 499.51443338.1423
H (kcal)-184020.1132754294354.66357298594171884.68483186917731.73467954419950.96980897056
H (kcal)
45 238.40445 12.366
250.770
H (kcal)
45 69.880845 13.9413
83.8222
H (kcal)-769909.34884441914450.8532629818729638.20211125258842.363286520633022.0698163355
H (kcal)
45 977.19745 41.036
ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr
ΔT
ΔT
ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr
ΔT
1018.233
H (kcal)
45 293.917645 46.2640
340.1816
H (kcal)-6664870.90050866130299.6738790996407784.3638277
530566.645926003403779.783124135
H (kcal)
45 8411.31945 370.013
8781.332
H (kcal)
45 2516.906845 417.1506
2934.0574
H (kcal)-1729230.2419950432880.41098927991573773.54999862133885.59507399611309.314066854
ΔT
ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr
ΔT
ΔT
ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr
H (kcal)
45 2021.65845 93.371
2115.029
H (kcal)
45 601.496845 105.2657
706.7625
945093.839 21002.08531893 46628.9576431323601.996 524.4887959525 0.89352656610696742.533 2149.834058789 7757.420528272
832720.597 18504.90215084 54387.27169797200144.129 4447.647318623
18.122 0.4027208986240.452 0.0100541641051.858 0.04128781904
15.952 0.3544959106363.824 0.084967773701
310.364 6.896978322085252229.103 5605.091176864
14.413 0.3202914783421097.545 24.38989709505
42943.693 954.30429978471045.035 23.222992031914429.956 98.44346951859
37943.620 843.19156439599070.194 201.5598587811
2447427.226 3011250
ΔT
ΔT
ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr
H=mxCpxΔT
*panas masuk sistemms x 411,874 H bahan masuk = 2200246.196
ms kcal H steam = 411.874H NaOH = 28424.6956
ms x 260,486 *panas keluar sistemms kcal H Bahan keluar = 2447427.226
5% x H steam H reaksi = 29758.6125% x 411,874 ms kcal H kondensat = 260.486
ms Q loss = 20.594
H bahan masuk + H steam + H NaOH = H bahan keluar + H reaksi + H kondensat + Q loss2200246,196 + 672,36 ms + 28424,6956 = 2447427,226 + 257787,541 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms
672,36 x 16,3614782578.79 kcal
260,486 x 16,3614494934.905601 kcal20,594 x 16,361439128.9396186 kcal
929132.393
°C
H=mxCpxΔT
23203.38895108.673
818656.993196763.947
17.8160.4451.827
15.6833.759
305.12225220.874
2088430.919
1961501.71848984.930
200784.9761728275.874
415390.554
37.6120.9393.856
33.1087.936
644.14753244.067
4408909.718
ms x 411,874ms kcal
ms x 260,486ms kcal
5% x H steam
H=mxCpxΔT
°C
5% x 411,874 ms kcalms kcal
H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss2088430,919 + 411,874 ms = 4408909,718 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms
411,874 x 17741,43677307236.51 kcal
260,486 x 17741,43674621395.88961 kcal20,594 x 17741,4367
365361.82571 kcal
1955617.21348837.975
200182.6211723091.047
414144.382
37.5000.9363.845
33.0097.912
193.24453084.334
H=mxCpxΔT
4395234.018
2779034.98769401.333
284470.0412448603.066
588520.965
53.2891.3305.463
46.90811.243
274.61075435.633
6245858.868
ms x 411,874ms kcal
ms x 260,486ms kcal
5% x H steam5% x 411,874 ms kcal
ms
H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + Q loss4395234,018 + 411,874 ms = 6245858,868 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms
672,36 x 14149,12465827656.55 kcal
260,486 x 14149,12463685648.87466 kcal20,594 x 14149,1246
H=mxCpxΔT
°C
291382.827599 kcal
2779034.98769401.333
284470.0412448603.066
588520.965
53.2891.3305.463
46.90811.243
274.61075435.633
6245858.868 Panas Uap (dari steam table Geankoplis, App A.2-9)Hv pada suhu 250 = Enthalpy bahan baku terikut vapor
Komponen
TrigliseridaTri-PalmitatTri-MiristatTri-StearatTri-Oleat
4301042.961 Tri-Linoleat107410.708 FFA440267.169 As.Palmitat
H=mxCpxΔT
H=mxCpxΔT
3789641.739 As.Miristat910839.181 As.Stearat
As.Oleat82.474 As.linoleat
2.0598.455 Impurities
72.598 Air17.401 Steam
Total0.000
116749.8439666134.587
ms x 411,874ms kcal
ms x 260,486ms kcal
5% x H steam5% x 411,874 ms kcal
ms
H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H vapor + H kondensat + Q loss6245858,868 + 411,874 ms = 9666134,587 + 315204,3194 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms
672,36 x 75520,42931104901 kcal
260,486 x 75520,429119672014.5055 kcal20,594 x 75520,42911555245.06162 kcal
°C
H (kcal)
210 4301042.961210 107410.708210 440267.169210 3789641.739210 910839.181
210 82.474210 2.059210 8.455210 72.598210 17.401
210 0.000
210 116749.8439666134.587
H (kcal)
115 2355333.050115 58820.149115 241098.688115 2075280.000115 498792.885
115 45.164115 1.128115 4.630115 39.756115 9.529
115 0.000
115 63934.4385293359.417
ΔT (°C)
ΔT (°C)
H (kcal)C_HC_C
115 2355333.050 C_O115 58820.149 O_H115 241098.688 C=C115 2075280.000 C=O115 498792.885
CH2115 45.164 CH3115 1.128 CH
ΔT (°C)
115 4.630 _C=O_115 39.756 _CH_ _115 9.529 _CH=
O115 0.000 _COOH
115 63934.438 _OH5293359.417 Ona
H (kcal)
5 9.9063 5293395.9640
5 26.641236.5475
H (kcal)-644626099.505518
0668360237.29832423734137.7928059
H (kcal)
115 2073552.273115 34.801
2073587.074
H (kcal)
115 2177288.35282177288.3528
H (kcal)-152076249.813427
0168706861.51805316630611.7046256
H (kcal)
115 458884.409115 8.785
458893.194
H (kcal)
ΔT (°C)
ΔT
ΔT
ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr
ΔT
ΔT
H (kcal)
115 549589.0751549589.0751
H (kcal)
-3607775.652850920
3702438.2605427294662.6076918002
H (kcal)
115 11196.148115 0.569
11196.717
H (kcal)
115 11761.190411761.1904
H (kcal)
-880457.611814160
927906.36306414947448.7512499888
H (kcal)
115 2664.371115 0.143
2664.514
H (kcal)
ΔT
ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr
ΔT
ΔT
ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr
ΔT
ΔT
H (kcal)
115 2947.59362947.5936
H (kcal)
165 3379390.898165 84394.127165 4253495.505165 0.000165 0.000
165 64.801165 1.618165 81.463165 0.000165 0.000
165 0.000
165 91732.0207809160.431
H (kcal)7809171.6062
5 9.9063
5 1.2686
ΔT
ΔH25 + ΔHp - ΔHr
ΔT (°C)
ΔT (°C)
11.1749
ms x 411,874ms kcal
ms x 260,486ms kcal
5% x H steam5% x 411,874 ms kcal
ms
H bahan masuk + H steam = H bahan keluar + H kondensat + H reaksi + Q loss5293395,964 + 411,874 ms = 7809171,606 + 45794788,567 + 260,486 ms + 20,5935 ms
672,36 x 369362,9173136094016 kcal
260,486 x 369362,917386071434.3467 kcal20,594 x 369362,91736804700.81888 kcal
°C
Asumsi :Kehilangan panas = 5% x panas masuk
= 5% x (Hmasuk + Q suplai)
Q masuk = Q keluarH masuk + Q suplai = H keluar + Q Loss
= H keluar + 5% x (H masuk + Q suplai) = 95% x ( Hmasuk + Q suplai)
H masuk + Q suplai = H keluar/ 0,95
Q suplai = (H keluar - Hmasuk)/ 0,95
Q Loss = 5% x ( Hmasuk + Q suplai)
Q suplai = Q steamQ steam =
ms =
* H masuk + Q suplai = H keluar / 0,95
* Q suplai = (H keluar - H masuk) / 0,95 = 2062966.311965
* Q loss = 5 % x (H masuk + Q suplai) = 115397.1780755
Q suplai = Q steamQ steam = m = m = 5008.731582874
ms x λ
Q steam/ λ
m x λQ steam / λ
H keluar64.86962148
89.86962148
Panas reaksi pada FFAkgmol Cp(kcal/kgC) Cp(kcal/kmolC)
6.1841 0.5077 542.41 130.17840.1739 0.5070 481.61 115.58640.5701 0.5089 603.21 144.77045.1419 0.4879 574.23 137.81521.2980 0.4666 545.25 130.86
0.4443 515.475 123.7140.4365 454.675 109.1220.4513 576.275 138.3060.4314 547.295 131.35080.4113 518.315 124.39560.9987 75.214 17.1
0.48 80.81 19.310.24 91.087 21.77
Panas reaksi pada Trigliseridakgmol Cp(kcal/kgC) Cp(kcal/kmolC)
0.50989 0.51534 1733.560 416.05440.01423 0.51479 1551.160 372.27840.04723 0.51579 1915.960 459.83040.42582 0.49575 1829.020 438.96480.10745 0.47544 1742.080 418.0992
Cp(kJ/kmolC)
Cp(kJ/kmolC)
suhu tanpa steam55.36680899 25 80.3668089946
ms kcal
ms kcal
Panas Uap (dari steam table Geankoplis, App A.2-9)2801.5 kj/kg = 672.36 kcal/kg
Massa (kg) Hv(kcal/kg) H = m x Hv (kcal)
202.366 672.36 136062.9969935.059 672.36 3401.57492482
20.697 672.36 13915.5337833185.349 672.36 124621.335882
46.452 672.36 31232.6424915
0.004 672.36 2.64853266452
0.0001 672.36 0.066213316610.0004 672.36 0.27087265887
0.004 672.36 2.425815145010.001 672.36 0.60795863436
6.036 672.36 4058.39909552.835 672.36 1905.81682757
9135.227597 672.36 6142161.627019604.030 6457365.9464
0.000
Komponen Cp (Kcal/kg) Cp(Kj/mol)99.000 TGS t jenuh as.oleat 1737.82 0.495383.000 TGS jenuh as.oleat 1824.76 0.516484.000 TGS t jenuh as.lino 1523.6 0.4374
111.000 TGS jenuh as lino 1824.76 0.5164147.000170.000
30.40036.84020.930
53.00020.93015.91035.17079.97044.800
0.035
Cp(kcal/kmol)417.0768 14911437.9424 15460365.6640 13936437.9424 15460
ΔHf
11. CoolerSuhu bahan masuk = 190
190 - 25 = 165
Enthalphy bahan masuk
Komponen CPO Massa (kg) H (kcal)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 39743.017 0.5153 165 3379390.898Tri-miristat 993.575 0.5148 165 84394.127Tri-stearat 49978.786 0.5158 165 4253495.505Tri-oleat 0.000 0.4958 165 0.000Tri-linoleat 0.000 0.4754 165 0.000
FFAAsam palmitat 0.774 0.5077 165 64.801Asam miristat 0.019 0.5070 165 1.618Asam stearat 0.970 0.5089 165 81.463Asam oleat 0.000 0.4879 165 0.000Asam linoleat 0.000 0.4666 165 0.000
Impurities 0.000 0.3370 165 0.000
556.675 0.9987 165 91732.020Total 91273.817 7809160.431
Suhu bahan keluar = 8080 - 25 = 55
Enthalphy bahan keluar
Komponen CPO Massa (kg) H (kcal)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 39743.017 0.5153 55 1126463.633Tri-miristat 993.575 0.5148 55 28131.376Tri-stearat 49978.786 0.5158 55 1417831.835Tri-oleat 0.000 0.4958 55 0.000Tri-linoleat 0.000 0.4754 55 0.000
FFAAsam palmitat 0.774 0.5077 55 21.600Asam miristat 0.019 0.5070 55 0.539Asam stearat 0.970 0.5089 55 27.154Asam oleat 0.000 0.4879 55 0.000Asam linoleat 0.000 0.4666 55 0.000
Impurities 0.000 0.3370 55 0.000
556.675 0.9987 55 30577.340Total 91273.817 2603053.477
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C) ΔT (°C)
H2O
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C) ΔT (°C)
H2O
Air yang digunakanH air masuk =
= ma x 0,9987 x (30-25) = 4.9935 ma (kcal)
H air keluar = ma x Cp x ΔT = ma x 0,9987 x (45-25) = 19.974 ma (kcal)
Perhitungan massa air yang digunakan :H bahan masuk = 7809160.431 kcalH air = 4.9935 ma (kcal)Enthalpy keluar sistemH bahan keluar = 2603053.477 kcalH air = 19.974 ma (kcal)
Neraca panas :H bahan masuk + Hair = H bahan keluar + H air
3178133,394 + 4,994 ma = 2200246,394 + 19,974 mama = 347525.580 kg
maka:H air masuk = 4,994 x 65279,519 = 1735368.9847 kcalH air keluar = 19,974 x 65279,519 = 6941475.9 kcalQ yang diserap air pendingin = 1303893,1 - 326005,9
= 5206107.0 kcal
Neraca panas pada coolerMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)
H minyak 7809160.431 H minyak 2603053.477H air 1735368.985 h air 6941475.9
Total 9544529.416 Total 9544529.416
12. Tangki VotatorSuhu bahan masuk = 80
80 - 25 = 55
Enthalphy bahan masuk
Komponen CPO Massa (kg) H (kcal)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 39743.017 0.5153 55 1126463.633Tri-miristat 993.575 0.5148 55 28131.376Tri-stearat 49978.786 0.5158 55 1417831.835Tri-oleat 0.000 0.4958 55 0.000Tri-linoleat 0.000 0.4754 55 0.000
FFAAsam palmitat 0.774 0.5077 55 21.600
ma x Cp x ΔT
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C) ΔT (°C)
Asam miristat 0.019 0.5070 55 0.539Asam stearat 0.970 0.5089 55 27.154Asam oleat 0.000 0.4879 55 0.000Asam linoleat 0.000 0.4666 55 0.000
Impurities 0.000 0.3370 55 0.000
556.675 0.9987 55 30577.340Total 91273.817 2603053.477
Suhu bahan keluar = 5050 - 25 = 25
Enthalphy bahan keluar
Komponen CPO Massa (kg) H (kcal)
TrigliseridaTri-palmitat 39743.017 0.5153 25 512028.924Tri-miristat 993.575 0.5148 25 12786.989Tri-stearat 49978.786 0.5158 25 644469.016Tri-oleat 0.000 0.4958 25 0.000Tri-linoleat 0.000 0.4754 25 0.000
FFAAsam palmitat 0.774 0.5077 25 9.818Asam miristat 0.019 0.5070 25 0.245Asam stearat 0.970 0.5089 25 12.343Asam oleat 0.000 0.4879 25 0.000Asam linoleat 0.000 0.4666 25 0.000
Impurities 0.000 0.3370 25 0.000
556.675 0.9987 25 13898.791Total 91273.817 1183206.126
Air yang digunakanH air masuk =
= ma x 0,9987 x (30-25) = 4.9935 ma (kcal)
H air keluar = ma x Cp x ΔT = ma x 0,9987 x (45-25) = 19.774 ma (kcal)
Perhitungan massa air yang digunakan :H bahan masuk = 2603053.477 kcalH air = 4.9935 ma (kcal)Enthalpy keluar sistemH bahan keluar = 1183206.126 kcalH air = 19.774 ma (kcal)
Neraca panas :
H2O
°CΔT = °CH minyak = m x Cp x ΔT
Cp (kcal/kg °C) ΔT (°C)
H2O
ma x Cp x ΔT
H bahan masuk + Hair = H bahan keluar + H air3178133,394 + 4,994 ma = 2200246,394 + 19,974 ma
ma = 96062.200 kg
maka:H air masuk = 4,994 x 65279,519 = 479686.59706 kcalH air keluar = 19,974 x 65279,519 = 1899533.9 kcalQ yang diserap air pendingin = 1303893,1 - 326005,9
= 1419847.4 kcal
Neraca panas pada coolerMasuk (kcal) Keluar (kcal)
H minyak 2603053.477 H minyak 1183206.126H air 479686.597 H air 1899533.9
Total 3082740.074 Total 3082740.074
H (kcal)
3379390.89884394.127
4253495.5050.0000.000
64.8011.618
81.4630.0000.000
0.000
91732.0207809160.431
H (kcal)
1126463.63328131.376
1417831.8350.0000.000
21.6000.539
27.1540.0000.000
0.000
30577.3402603053.477
H (kcal)
1126463.63328131.376
1417831.8350.0000.000
21.600
0.53927.154
0.0000.000
0.000
30577.3402603053.477
H (kcal)
512028.92412786.989
644469.0160.0000.000
9.8180.245
12.3430.0000.000
0.000
13898.7911183206.126