Modul Hikmah 11

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    3. Diagram 3 shows an experiment to produce soap in a laboratory.

    Diagram 3

    What is solution Q?

    A. WaterB. Ethyl ethanoateC. Hydrochloric acidSodium hydroxide

    4. Diagram 4 shows a process.

    Diagram 4

    What is process X?

    A. Oxidation

    B. PolymerisationC. NeutralisationD. Depolymerisation

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    5. Diagram 5 shows the structure of a polymer before and after process X.

    Diagram 5What is process X?

    A. OxidationB. CoagulationC. VulcanisationD. Neutralisation

    6. Which of the following is a natural polymer?

    A. NylonB. ProteinC. GlucoseD. Amino acid

    7. Diagram 6 shows a molecule of a substance.

    Diagram 6

    What is the substance?

    A. FatB. SoapC. LatexD. Ester

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    8. Why does ammonia solution can prevent latex from coagulating?

    A. Ammonia separates rubber molecule from one another.B. Ammonia harden the membrane that covering rubber molecules.C. Positive ions in ammonia solution neutralize negative ions in latex.D. Negative ions in ammonia solution neutralize positive ions in latex

    that produced by the action of bacteria.

    9. Diagram 7 shows the changes in structure of a rubber sheet when stretched andthen released.

    Diagram 7

    Which of the characteristics explain the situation?

    A. SoftB. HardC. StickyD. Elastic

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    (ii) Base on the graph, state the volume of carbon dioxide releasedon the fourth day?

    ..

    (b) What is the relationship between the volume of carbon dioxide gas?

    released and time taken?

    .

    (b) Predict the volume of carbon dioxide gas released on the sixth day?

    .

    2. Diagram 1.1 and 1.2 show an experiment to produce ethanol through fermentation

    process.

    Diagram 1.1

    Diagram 1.2

    a) Based on Diagram 1.2, what is your observation on the lime water after a fewhours?

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    b) State hypothesis that can be made from this experiment.

    c) State the variables in this experiment.(i) Fixed

    variable:

    (ii) Manipulated variable:..

    d) Mark ( / ) the substances that contain alcohol.

    WineMilk

    Perfume

    3. Figure shows a section through the oil palm fruit.

    a) Name the parts labeled P and Q.

    P:

    Q:

    P

    R

    Q

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    b) Which part produces more palm oil?

    ..

    c) What type of oil is contained in the oil palm?

    ..

    d) State one advantage of using palm oil.

    .

    4.

    Length (cm)Type of rubberInitial length Length with weight Final length without weight

    Natural rubber 5.0 8.0 6.0

    Vulcanised rubber 5.0 7.0 5.0

    a. State a hypothesis for this experiment.

    b. State the:Manipulated variable:

    Responding variable :..

    Diagram 1 shows how latex is turned into vulcanized rubber.

    + P + Q

    Diagram 1

    a) Name the substance:(i) P:(ii) Q:

    b) State one difference between natural rubber and vulcanized rubber.

    ....

    Latex Coagulated latex Vulcanised rubber

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    c) Draw the molecular structure of the vulcanized rubber.

    Natural rubber Vulcanised rubber

    SECTION C

    1.a) Malaysia exports raw rubber sheets and rubber latex Rubber latex is tapped andcollected from plantation throughout the country.Suggest and explain:

    i) how rubber sheets are producedii) rubber latex is prevented from coagulating

    [4 marks]b) The main use of natural rubber is to manufacture car tyres. However, it is found thatnatural rubber is soft and not resistant to heat which is sticky when heated. Hence, it isnot suitable for making car tyres.Explain how the quality of natural rubber can be improved so that it can be used tomake car tyres. Your answer should include the following:

    Identifying the problem Clarification of the problem

    Suggest method to solve the problem

    Explain how the method can solve the problem[6 marks]

    Heated with Q

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    MODULE 11 - ANSWERS

    PAPER 1

    1. C 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. C

    PAPER 2SECTION A + B

    (a) (ii) 28 + 0.5 (cm3)(b) The longer the time taken, the higher the volume of carbon dioxide gas

    released(b) 32(cm3)

    2.a) The lime water turns cloudy

    b) Ethanol is produced by the action of sugar solution and yeast// Ethanol is

    produced through fermentation process// carbon dioxide is produced fromfermentation process

    c) (i) Fixed variable: Volume of sugar solution// Quantity of sugar solution

    (ii)Manipulated variable : Presence of yeast// Type of solution

    d) Able to tick on Wine and perfume

    1.(a)(i)

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    3. a) P: mesocarpQ: kernel

    b) mesocarp // P

    c) Unsaturated fat

    d) Contain vitamin A // E // no cholesterol

    4. a) (i) ethanoic acid(ii) sulphur

    b) Vulcanized rubber is : more elastic than natural rubber//harder//stronger//more resistant to heat

    c)

    SECTION C

    1.a) (i) Add ethanoic acid into the latex

    - Hydrogen ions in acid neutralize negative charge on protein membrane, causesthe rubber particles to collide, protein membrane break and rubber molecules releasedand combined.(ii) Add ammonia solution into the latex

    - Negatively charges hydroxyl ion in ammonia neutralize the hydrogen ion in latexproduced by action of bacteria.

    b) * Problem:- not suitable for making tyres

    * Clarification of the problem:- Natural rubber is soft and not resistant to heat.

    * Method to solve the problem:- through the process of vulcanization

    * Explanation:- natural rubber is heated with sulphur.- The sulphur atoms will form cross-linkage between the rubber molecules.- This make vulcanized rubber harder and more resistant to heat.