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LAPORAN TUGAS AKHIR

MODIFIKASI DONGKRAK ULIR MENJADI

OTOMATIS DENGAN PENAMBAHAN ALAT

ELEKTRONIK

Riki Candra Kurniawan

NIM. 201454081

DOSEN PEMBIMBING

Rochmad winarso S.T., M.T

Qomaruddin, S.T., M.T.

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK MESIN

FAKULTAS TEKNIK

UNIVERSITAS MURIA KUDUS

2019

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MODIFIKASI DONGKRAK ULIR MENJADI OTOMATIS DENGAN

PENAMBAHAN ALAT ELEKTRONIK

Nama Mahasiswa : Riki Candra Kurniawan

NIM : 2014-54-081

Pembimbing : 1. Rochmad winarso S.T., M.T

2. Qomaruddin S.T.,M.T.

RINGKASAN

Dongkrak merupakan salah satu alat yang sangat dibutuhkan bagi

setiap pemilik kendaraan, khususnya dibengkel - bengkel mobil. Meskipun

bentuk dan konstruksi dari alat ini sangat sederhana namun fungsinya sangat

penting. Karena dengan dongkrak, mengganti ban mobil atau memperbaiki mesin

bagian bawah mobil dapat dikerjakan lebih mudah. Pada prinsipnya memang

pesawat angkat atau alat pengangkat jenis dongkrak ini harus menggunakan

tenaga manusia untuk menggerakkan ulirnya guna mengangkat beban dari

kendaraan atau mobil yang akan diservis, namun memang peranan dari

dongkrak sangat dibutuhkan. Dongkrak ulir ini juga banyak digunakan

dibengkel-bengkel mobil yang fungsinya juga untuk mengangkat beban dari

kendaraan.

Beban chassis dan body adalah beban yang harus ditanggung

sepenuhnya oleh dongkrak tersebut. Kerja daripada dongkrak ulir sangat berat

karena harus menahan beban dari mobil dengan waktu yang tidak dibatasi, kerja

dari dongkrak ini akan selesai tergantung dari cepatnya proses service atau

perbaikan yang dikerjakan.

Kata kunci : Perancangan, lebih cepat waktu

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MODIFICATION OF ULTRASOUND BREAK TO AUTOMATIC WITH

ADDITION OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT

Student Name : Riki candra kurniawan

Student Identity Number : 2014-54-081

Supervisor : 1. Rochmad winarso S.T.,M.Eng.

2. Qomaruddin S.T.,M.T.

ABSTRACT

Jack is one of the most needed tools for every vehicle owner, especially in

a car workshop. Although the shape and construction of this tool is very simple

but its function is very important. Because with jacks, changing car tires or

repairing the engine underneath the car can be done more easily. In principle,

this lift plane or jack type lifting device must use human power to move the screw

to lift the load from the vehicle or car to be serviced, but indeed the role of the

jack is needed. Screw jack is also widely used in car workshops whose function is

also to lift weights from the vehicle.

Chassis and body load is the load that must be borne entirely by the jack.

The work of the screw jack is very heavy because it has to hold the burden of the

car with an unlimited time, the work of this jack will be completed depending on

the speed of the service process or repairs that are done.

Keywords: Design, faster time

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DAFTAR ISI

LAPORAN TUGAS AKHIR ................................................................................... i

HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN ................................................................................ iii

RINGKASAN ......................................................................................................... v

ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................. vi

KATA PENGANTAR ........................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ viii

DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................. xi

DAFTAR TABEL .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

DAFTAR SIMBOL ................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ..................................................................................... 15

1.1. Latar Belakang ....................................................................................... 15

1.2. Perumusan Masalah ................................................................................ 16

1.3. Batasan Masalah ..................................................................................... 16

1.4. Tujuan ..................................................................................................... 16

1.5. Manfaat ................................................................................................... 16

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ........................................................................... 18

2.1 Pengertian Dongkrak .............................................................................. 18

2.1.1. Dongkrak Mekanik.......................................................................... 18

2.2 Transmisi gearbox ....................................................................................... 20

2.2.1. Pengertian gearbox.............................................................................. 20

2.2.2. Fungsi gearbox .................................................................................... 20

2.3 Battery aki .............................................................................................. 21

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2.4 Charger laptop ........................................................................................ 21

2.5 Motor DC ............................................................................................... 21

2.5.1 Stator ............................................................................................... 22

2.5.2 Rotor dan Jangkar Motor DC .......................................................... 23

2.5.3 Komutator ....................................................................................... 24

2.5.4 Prinsip Kerja Motor DC .................................................................. 24

2.6 Dongkrak Mekanik Elektrik ................................................................... 25

BAB III METODOLOGI ...................................................................................... 27

3.1. Diagram Alur Proses Perancangan ......................................................... 27

3.2 Literatur review ...................................................................................... 28

3.3 Gambar sketsa ......................................................................................... 28

3.4 Perancangan ............................................................................................ 29

3.4.1 Menentukan Berat Kendaraan ......................................................... 29

3.4.2 Menghitung Nilai Torsi Yang Di Butuhkan ................................... 29

3.4.3 Menentukan jumlah gigi dalam gearbox, ....................................... 30

3.4.4 Pemilihan motor penggerak ............................................................ 32

3.4.5 Pemilihan batrai dan sistem pengisian ............................................ 32

3.4.6 Merancang sistem pengontrol ......................................................... 33

3.5 Gambar kerja ........................................................................................... 34

3.5.1 Keterangan gambar : ....................................................................... 35

3.6 Pengujian .................................................................................................. 36

BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN .............................................................. 38

4.1. Proses pembuatan dan perakitan ............................................................ 38

4.2. Hasil Pengujian ....................................................................................... 39

4.2.1 Pengujian pada mobil colt 120 ss .................................................... 40

4.2.2 Pengujian pada mobil grandmax ..................................................... 41

4.2.3 Pengujian pada mobil avansa .......................................................... 42

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BAB V PENUTUP ................................................................................................ 45

5.1. Kesimpulan ............................................................................................. 45

5.2. Saran ....................................................................................................... 45

Daftar pustaka ....................................................................................................... 46

LAMPIRAN 1 ....................................................................................................... 47

Bentuk Hasil Dari Alat ...................................................................................... 47

LAMPIRAN 2 ....................................................................................................... 48

BIODATA PENULIS ........................................................................................... 49

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DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Komponen-komponen dongkrak ulir mekanik ............................ 18

Gambar 2.2 Batrai aki ..................................................................................... 20

Gambar 2.3 Power adaptoer laptop ................................................................. 20

Gambar 2.4 Bagian Stator Motor .................................................................... 22

Gambar 2.5 Konstruksi Rotor dan Jangkar Motor .......................................... 22

Gambar 2.6. Konstruksi Komutator ................................................................. 23

Gambar 2.7 Motor Listrik DC ......................................................................... 24

Gambar 2.8 Dongkrak Elektrik ....................................................................... 25

Gambar 3.1 FlowchartPelaksanaanKegiatan .................................................. 26

Gambar 3.2 Sketsa dongkrakotomatisterbaru ................................................. 27

Gambar 3.3 Gearbox ....................................................................................... 30

Gambar 3.4 Motor arussearah (DC)..................................................................31

Gambar 3.5 Batraiaki ...................................................................................... 31

Gambar 3.6. Sistem control .............................................................................. 33

Gambar 3.7 Rangkaian komponen dongkrak................................................. 34

Gambar 4.1 Hasil modifikasi........................................................................... 37

Gambar 4.2 Pendongkrakan pada mobil colt 120 ss ....................................... 40

Gambar 4.3 Pendongkrakan pada mobil grandmax ........................................ 41

Gambar 4.4 Pendongkrakan pada mobil avanza............................................. 42

Gambar 4.5 Pendongkrakan tong air ............................................................... 43

Gambar 4.6. Dongkrak berhenti ....................................................................... 43

Gambar 4.7 Menghitung beban dongkrak...................................................... 34

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DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 3.1 Berat kendaraan ............................................................................. 29

Tabel 3.2 Rodagigi dalam gearbox ................................................................ 31

Tabel 4.1 Waktu pendongkrakan tanpa beban ............................................... 38

Tabel 4.2 Waktu pendongkrakan mobil colt 120 ss ....................................... 40

Tabel 4.3 Waktu pendongkrakan mobil grandmax ........................................ 41

Tabel 4.4 Waktu pendongkrakan mobil avanza..... ........................................ 42

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DAFTAR SIMBOL

Simbol Keterangan Satuan

V Tegangan Volt

E Gaya gerak listrik Volt

R Tahanan dalam jangka motor Ohm

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N

K

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TD

F

dm

l

FT

L

Z1

Z2

Arus jangkar

Putaran motor

Konstan

Fluk magnet yang terbentuk pada motor

Torsi yang di butuhkan

Gaya tekan beban

Diameter rata-rata

Jarak maju pada poros

Koefisien gesek

Gaya tekan roda

Diameter gigi

Jumlah gigi pada roda gigi penggerak

Jumlah gigi pada roda gigi yang di

gerakkan

Rpm

N.m

N

m

m

N

m

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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1 Bentuk Hasil Dari Alat............................................................... 47

Lampiran 2 Gambar teknik ............................................................................. 48

Lampiran 3 Turnitin....................................................................................... 49

Lampiran 4 Biodata ......................................................................................... 50