MAteri Kuliah PEtrologi batuan beku dan gunung api

7/25/2019 MAteri Kuliah PEtrologi batuan beku dan gunung api

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Byhill gendoet hartono

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Alur diskusi :

PendahuluanTectonic Setting

Generasi Magma

Klasifikasi

Regim Tektonik

Diagram ase

Mid Test

Rock orming Mineral

Kimia Mineral Pem!entuk BatuanPetrologi Batuan Beku

Petrologi Batuan Gununga"i

Sem Test#$aluasi


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G#%#RAS& MAGMA

'S'()KA%&SM#


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weathering

melti

ng

pressure

,h

eat

Sedimentary Metamorphic

Igneous

The RRoocckk CCyyccllee explains

how RocksRocksand Natural ProcessesNatural Processesare related


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Crust0 to 40km

0C

Upper Mantle40 to 670 km

1,000C

Lower Mantle

670 to 2,890 km2,000C

Outer Core2,890 to ,10 km

!,700C

Inner Core,10 to 6,!70 km

4,!00C


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Magmatic System/ Magma Plumbing

System

Includes source of melt(melting anomaly)

Magma conduits andchambers (reservoirs)

Geothermal zone

Volcanic products


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Physical propertiePhysical properties of magma Magma: melt + crystals + gas.

Melt: Temperature 800-1300 pressure

103 -10-1MPa !iscosity 10" -101" Pas. #rystals: si$e 10-%-10-1 m &um'er (e&sity

up to 101%m-3 fractio& up to )* . ,as: " - /0-)* #"- 0-3* mass fractio&

0.1-% . sce&( elocity: ! 210-- *00 45c.

6 7pecial features: high iscosity stro&gly

(epe&(e&t o& chemical compositio& a&(temperature gas solu'ility a&( (iffusio&

complicate( crystal groth 9i&etics.


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'iscosity de"ends on:chemical com"osition - more 7i"- more

iscousTem"erature - higher temperature - less

iscous*ater content - higher ater co&te&t -

less iscous+rystal content - higher crystal co&te&t -

more iscous


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Si(2+(%T#%T MAGMA T,P# '()+A%&+ R(+K

-./0 Mafic Basalt

-1/0 &ntermediate Andesite

-1.0 elsic lo3 Si4 Dacite

-5/0 elsic high Si4 Rhyolite

MAGMA +(MP(S&T&(% A%D R(+K T,P#S


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'()+A%(

T,P#

'()+A%(

S6AP#+(MP(S&T&(%

#R7PT&(%

T,P#

S+(R&A +(%#Straight sides 3ithstee" slo"es8 large

summit crater

Basalt te"hra8

occasionally andesiticStrom!olian

S6)D '()+A%( 'ery gentle slo"es8con$e9 u"3ard

Basalt la$a flo3s 6a3aiian

STRAT('()+A%(

Gentle lo3er slo"es

!ut stee" u""erslo"es8 conca$e

u"3ard8 small summitcrater

6ighly $aria!le8alternating !asaltic to

rhyolitic la$as and

te"hra 3ith an o$erall

andesite com"osition

Plinian

MA&% '()+A%( T,P#S
http://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/scoriacone_page.htmlhttp://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/Strombolian.htmlhttp://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/shieldvolc_page.htmlhttp://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/Hawaiian.htmlhttp://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/stratovolc_page.htmlhttp://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/Plinian.htmlhttp://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/Plinian.htmlhttp://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/stratovolc_page.htmlhttp://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/Hawaiian.htmlhttp://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/shieldvolc_page.htmlhttp://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/Strombolian.htmlhttp://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/scoriacone_page.html


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)&%GKARA% AP&


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MAteri Kuliah PEtrologi batuan beku dan gunung api

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