makalah Penguat-RF

{\rtf\ansi\deff0\ansicpg1252{\fonttbl{\f0\froman times new roman;}{\f1 times;}}{\colortbl\red0\green0\blue0;}\jexpand\viewkind1\viewscale100\paperw12240\paperh15840\margl666\margr133\margt666\margb520\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs26\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Pengertian Penguat RF }\b0 \par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Penguat RF merupakan perangkat yang berfungsi memperkuat sinyal }\par\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {frekuensi tinggi yang dihasilkan osilator RF dan diterima oleh antena untuk }\par\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dipancarkan. Penguat RF yang ideal harus menunjukkan tingkat perolehan daya yang }\par\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tinggi, gambaran noise yang rendah, stabilitas dinamis yang baik, admitansi pindah }\par\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {baliknya rendah sehingga antena akan terisolasikan dari osilator, dan selektivitas yang }\par\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {cukup untuk mencegah masuknya frekuensi IF, frekuensi bayangan, dan frekuensi-}\par\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {frekuensi lainnya. Pada penguat RF, rangkaian yang umum digunakan adalah penguat }\par\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {kelas A dan Kelas C. Secara umum, penguat RF lengkap terdiri dari tiga buah }\par\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tingkatan, yaitu buffer, driver, dan final. }\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \*\tx2240\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {1.}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {B}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {uffer }\par\pard\li2573\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {B}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {uffer merupakan blok rangkaian yang berfungsi sebagai penyangga atau }\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {penyaring sinyal masukan (input) agar sesuai dengan karakteristik kerja penguat. }\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {B}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {uffer merupakan penguat tingkat satu dengan daya output yang kecil. }{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {B}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {uffer }\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {merupakan suatu rangkaian penguat yang mempunyai impedansi input tinggi dan }\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {impedansi output rendah. Impedansi input tinggi berarti pembebanan yang rendah }\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dari tingkat sebelumnya. Jika buffer tidak digunakan, maka transfer daya dari }\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tingkat sebelumnya ke tingkat selanjutnya tidak akan maksimum. Penguat buffer }\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {umumnya mempunyai daya output maksimum 0,5 watt. }\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \*\tx2240\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {2.}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Driver }\par\pard\li2573\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Driver merupakan penguat tingkat dua yang juga merupakan rangkaian }\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {kendali dari penguat RF. Rangkaian penguat pada driver akan menentukan daya }\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {pada rangkaian final. Rangkaian penguat driver ini mempunyai daya output yang }\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {lebih besar dari rangkaian buffer. Penguat driver umumnya mempunyai daya }\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {output maksimum 5 watt, rangkaian penguatnya dikatakan rangkaian penguat }\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {sinyal menengah atau daya sedang. }\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \*\tx2240\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {3.}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Final }\par\pard\li2573\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Final merupakan penguat tingkat akhir. Rangkaian penguat final }\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {menentukan daya output secara keseluruhan dari penguat RF. Rangkaian final ini }\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft3586\shptop10173\shpright9106\shpbottom13906\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2028\shpz0\shpbxpage\shpbypage\absh15840\absw12240{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 75}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn pibFlags}{\sv 2}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fEditedWrap}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn pib}{\sv 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\fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {merupakan penguat tingkat akhir yang dihubungkan ke antena pemancar. }\par\pard\li1906\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Komponen penguat dari rangkaian final ini mempunyai daya yang tinggi. }\par\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {2.2 Kelas Operasi Penguat Daya }\b0 \par\pard\li2920\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \*\tx3893\*\tx4600\*\tx6280\*\tx7626\*\tx8360\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Penguat }\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {daya }\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {diklasifikasikan }\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {berdasarkan }\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {kelas }\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {operasinya. }\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Masingmasing kelas operasi mempunyai sifat yang berbeda satu sama lain. }\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Pengggunaan dari masing-masing kelas disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan. Kelas }\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {operasi menentukan linieritas dan efisiensi dari penguat daya. Linieritas }\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs20\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {berhubungan dengan besar distorsi yang terjadi pada kaki kolektor transistor, }\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {sedangkan efisiensi menentukan besar catu daya yang dibutuhkan utuk }\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {memperoleh keluaran daya tertentu. }{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {B}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {erdasarkan lokasi titik kerja, kelas }\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {operasi penguat daya dapat dibagi beberapa kelas yaitu kelas A, }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {B}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {, dan C. }\par\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1560\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {2.2.1 Penguat daya Kelas A }\b0 \par\pard\li2920\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Operasi kelas A berarti bahwa transistor selalu beroperasi di daerah }\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {aktif. Ini mengandung arti bahwa arus kolektor mengalir sepanjang 360}\fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {o }{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dari }\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {siklus ac. Hal ini disebabkan karena pada kondisi tanpa sinyal, basis transistor }\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {telah diberi tegangan bias. 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Persamaannya adalah sebagai berikut: }\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Dimana : }\par\pard\li3053\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {i }\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {= }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Bati }\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {arus }\par\pard\li2920\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {i}\i0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {c }\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {= Arus kolektor ac }\par\pard\li2920\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {i}\i0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {b }\i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {= Arus basis ac }\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2240\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b \i {Bati }\b0 \i0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Daya }\b0 \par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2973\shptop2946\shpright10240\shpbottom4573\shpfhdr0\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shplid2034\shpz0\shpbxpage\shpbypage\absh15840\absw12240{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 75}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn pibFlags}{\sv 2}}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fEditedWrap}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn pib}{\sv 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