makalah komponen pasif dan aktif

8/18/2019 makalah komponen pasif dan aktif

1/24

MAKALAH PERBAIKAN DAN PERAWATAN

KOMPONEN PASIF DAN AKTIF ELEKTRONIKA

Disusun Oleh :

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK ELEKTRONIKA

JURUSAN TEKNIK ELEKTRO

POLITEKNIK NEGERI MALANG

20 !

A"#$% Bin&$n' D () 00 0)

D*i"i Se&+$ D () 00)

Nes$ Ah,$- T () 00 !

.i$ul M$%*$h () 00/)


2/24

KATA PENGANTAR

Alh$,-ulill$h se'$l$ u1i "$,i h$&u%"$n "eh$-i%$& All$h +$n' &el$h ,e,#e%i"$n

hi-$+$hN+$ "e $-$ "$,i sehin''$ "$,i #is$ ,en+eles$i"$n ,$"$l$h ini -en'$n l$n $%3

M$"$l$h ini "$,i #u$& sel$in un&u" ,e,enuhi &u'$s e%#$i"$n -$n e%$*$&$n4 ,$"$l$h

ini 1u'$ #e%&u1u$n se#$'$i ,$&$ e,#el$1$%$n -$n su,#e% en'e&$hu$n +$n' #$%u -$l$, ,$&$

"uli$h e%#$i"$n -$n e%$*$&$n #$i" #$'i "$,i -$n 1u'$ #$'i $%$ e,#$ $ se,u$3

K$,i s$-$% ,$"$l$h +$n' "$,i #u$& ini ,$sih 1$uh -$%i se, u%n$4 &$ i "$,i &el$h

#e%us$h$ un&u" ,e,#e%i"$n +$n' &e%#$i" se,$, u "$,i3 se,5'$ ,$"$l$h ini ,e,#e%i"$n

,$n6$$& sesu$i +$n' -ih$%$ "$n3

M$l$n'4 27 M$%e& 20 !

Pen+usun


3/24

BAB I

PENDAHULUAN

3 LATAR BELAKANGSe,$"in l$,$ e%$l$&$n ele"&%5ni"$ se,$"in #e%"e,#$n' sehin''$ ,en'h$%us"$n se&i$

5%$n' ,enin'"$&"$n "e,$, u$n un&u" ,el$"u"$n e%$*$&$n -$n e%#$i"$n3 K5, 5nen

"5, 5nen ele"&%5ni"$ se $%$ '$%is #es$% &e%-i%i $&$s -u$ 1eni$s +$i&u "5, 5nen $"&i

"5, 5nen $si63 Ke-u$ &i e e%$l$&$n &e%se#u& ,e, un+$ $%$ e%$*$&$n -$n e%#

+$n' #e%#e-$8#e-$3 Ti e "e%us$"$n +$n' &e%1$-i $-$ ,$sin'8,$sin' "5, 5nen 1u'$

#e%#e-$3 Pe%l$"u$n &e%h$-$ ,$sin' ,$sin' "5, 5nen ,e,ili"i e%#e-$$n3 A-$ "5, 5nen

+$n' e%$*$&$nn+$ h$%us -il$"u"$n se $%$ %u&in $&$u un -il$"u"$n e%$*$&$n h$n+

&e%1$-i "e%us$"$n3K5, 5nen ele"&%5ni"$ se e%&i -i5-e4 &%$nsis&5% -$n se#u$h I9 in&e'%$&e- i% u

,e%u $"$n ele,en8ele,en +$n' &e%#u$& -$%i se,i"5n-u"&5%3 P$-$


4/24

323 B$'$i,$n$"$h en'el5, 5"$n "5, 5nen = "5, 5nen ele"&%5ni"$>3232 B$'$i,$n$"$h $%$ ,en'e&$hui "e%us$"$n $-$ "5, 5nen ele"&%5ni"$>323) A $"$h en+e#$# "e%us$"$n $-$ "5, 5nen ele"&%5ni"$>323( B$'$i,$n$ $%$ ,e%$*$& $&$u ,e, e%#$i"i "5, 5nen ele"&%5ni"$>

3) TUJUAN3)3 M$h$sis*$ ,en'e&$hui en'el5, 5"$n "5, 5nen = "5, 5nen ele"&%5ni"$3)32M$h$sis*$ ,en'e&$hui $%$ e%$*$&$n -$n e%#$i"$n $-$ "5, 5nen ele"%5ni"$3)3) M$h$sis*$ ,en'e&$hui "e%us$"$n $-$ "5, 5nen ele"&%5ni"$

BAB II

PEMBAHASAN


5/24

R

E

S

I S

T

O

R

T

E

T

A

P

SEN?AWA KARBON

FILM KARBON

OKSIDA LOGAM

METAL GLASE

GULUNGAN KAWAT

MENGENALI KERUSAKAN KOMPONEN PASIF DAN AKTIF

ELEKTRONIKA

23 KOMPONEN PASIF

23 3 RESISTOR TETAPBe%#$'$i &i e %esis&5% &e&$ ,eli u&i:

G$,#$% 1enis81enis %esis&5% &e%se#u& -$ $& -ilih$& $-$ G$,#$%

ini3

G$,#$% 3 Jenis81enis %esis&5% &e&$

3

G$,#$% 23 3 Jenis = 1enis %esis&5% &e&$

Jenis 6il,8l5'$,4 5"si-$ l5'$,4 $&$u e%,e& ,e&$l 'l$se; #$n+$" -i ilih

-$l$, e,$"$i$n4 "$%en$ &i e8&i e i&u ,e, un+$i s&$#ili&$s +$n' #$i"4 -$l$

en+i, $n$n ,$u un -$l$, "5n-isi #e%5 e%$si3 Pe%h$&i"$n #$h*$ %esis&5


6/24

%esis&5% +$n' &5le%$nsi @4 04 $&$u &5le%$nsi 20 -i#e%i "5-e *$%n$ -e

#$n si'ni6i"$n4 -ii"u&i 5leh se1u,l$h #$nn5l $&$u eli $& -esi,$l; -$n #$n

&5le%$nsi lih$& &$#el "5-e *$%n$ %esis&5%;3 A-$ 1u'$ nil$i -$n &5le%$ns

-i e&$" $-$ #$-$n %esis&5% "$-$n'8"$-$n' -in+$&$"$n l$n'sun'4 ,is$ln+$ 472"

720 5h, ; $&$u -$l$, #en&u" "5-e se e%&i 72 F3 Nil$i -i$&$s 0

5h,4 -i&un1u""$n &i'$ #u$h -i'i& -ii"u&i 5leh -i'i& "e e, $& +$n' ,en+$&$"$n

#$n+$"n+$ n5l +$n' ,en'i"u&in+$3 Un&u" nil$i8nil$i -i#$*$h 00 5h, hu%u6 R

,en+$&$"$n &i&i" -esi,$l -en'$n se,u$ -i'i& si'ni6i"$n3 Sesu-$h "5-e nil$i4

-i&$,#$h"$n se#u$h hu%u6 un&u" ,en+$&$"$n &5le%$nsi : F C 4 G C 2 4

@ 4 K C 0 4 M C 20 3

95n&5hn+$:• R )) M C 03)) 5h, 20• (/0 F C (/00 5h, • !70( M C !37 M 5h, 20• 2202 K C 22000 5h, 0

23 3 3 KEGAGALAN = KEGAGALAN PADA RESISTOR TETAPSe&i$ %esis&5% "e&i"$ #e%5 e%$si $"$n ,en-isi $si"$n -$+$n+$3 Ken

&e, e%$&u% +$n' -ise#$#"$n 5leh -$+$ +$n' -i-isi $si"$n $"$n ,$"si,u,

-i&en'$h8&en'$h #$-$n %esis&5%4 ini -ise#u& H5& s 5& &e, e%$&u%-i&e"$n"$n -isini4 #$h*$ %esis&5% $-$ u,u,n+$ ,enun1u""$n "e e $&$n

"e'$'$l$n +$n' %en-$h $&$u %esis&5% i&u s$n'$& -$ $& -i$n-$l"$n %el

Ke'$'$l$n -$n en+e#$#8 en+e#$#n+$ &e%-$ $& -$l$, &$#el #e%i"u& ini3

T$#el 23 3 Ke'$'$l$n8Ke'$'$l$n P$-$ Resis&5%8Resis&5% Te&$

Ti e Resis&5% Ke'$'$l$n Ke,un'"in$n PK5, 5sisi "$%#5n Be%u#$h ,e,#es$%

Si%"ui& &e% u&us

Pe%u#$h$n "$

en'i"$& -i #$*$


7/24


8/24

,5n&$se +$n' 1elWi%e *5un- %esis&5% "$*$&; Si%"ui& &e% u&us K

-i'un$"$n "$*$&

"e&i-$",u%ni$n

"e%e&$"$n3 Pe%"$%$&$n

-ise#$#"$n 5leh e

-i&i,#ul"$n 5leh

+$n' &e%se%$

Ke'$'$l$n s$,#u

s$,#un'$n +$n' -i

23 3 2 ARIABLE RESISTOR POTENSIOMETER;

P5&ensi5,e&e% -$ $& -i"el5, 5""$n -$l$, &i'$ "el5, 5" u&$,$

#e%'$n&un' $-$ #$h$n %esis&i6 +$n' -i e%'un$"$n4 +$i&u:

$3 K$%#5n sen+$*$$n4 "$%#5n +$n' -i&u$n' #e%#en&u" 1$lu% $-$&$&$u l$ is$n "$%#5n -i&$,#$h


9/24

G$,#$% 232 K5ns&%u"si D$s$% P5&ensi5,e&e%

P$-$ u,u,n+$ e%s+$%$&$n 5&ensi5,e&e% #e%$-$ -$l$, &i'$ "$&e'5%i:

P%ese& $&$u &%i,,e% '$,#$% )3)3$;K5n&%5l "e'un$$n u,u, '$,#$% )3)3#;K5n&%5l %esisi

23 3 23 KEGAGALAN KEGAGALAN PADA RESISTORKe e $&$n "e'$'$l$nn+$ le#ih &in''i -$%i $-$ 1enis %esis&5% &e&$ 4

5&ensi5,e&e% ,e, un+$i "e e $&$n "e'$'$l$n "i%$8"i%$ ) 08! e%1$, su-$

u,u,4 &e&$ i $n'"$8$n'"$ i&u #e%u#$h #e%'$n&un' $-$ ,e&5-e +$n' -i'un$"$n

5leh $#%i"n+$3 Ke%us$"$n +$n' &e%1$-i $-$ se#u$h 5&ensi5,e&e% #is$ se#$&$u &5&$l3

Kerusakan sebagian :

• Ken$i"$n %esis&$nsi "5n&$" ,eni,#ul"$n "en$i"$n n5ise "elis&%i"$n3

G$,#$% 23)3 Ben&u" P5&ensi5,e&e%


10/24

• K5n&$" +$n' &e% u&us8 u&us4 ini -$ $& -ise#$#"$n 5leh $%&i"el8

-e#u4 ,in+$" 'e,u" elu,$s; $&$u #$h$n8#$h$n $, el$s +$n'

&e%"u, ul $n&$%$ "5n&$" 'ese% -$n 1$lu%3

Kerusakan total :

• Me%u $"$n si%"i& &e%#u"$ -i$n&$%$ 1$lu% -$n s$,#un'$n u1un'8

u1un'n+$ $&$u $n&$%$ "5n&$" 'ese% -$n 1$lu%3 H$l ini -$ $& -ise#$#

5leh e%"$%$&$n #$'i$n8#$'i$n l5'$, "$%en$ "ele,#$#$n4 $&$u

e,#en'"$"$n l5'$,8l5'$, l$s&i" +$n' &e%1$-i s$$& enu$n'$n

1$lu% +$n' ,en''un$"$n &e, e%$&u% &in''i3

23 3 ) KAPASITOR Se#u$h "$ $si&5% &e%-i%i -$%i -u$ el$& "5n-u"&5% +$n' &e% is$h 5l

is5l$&5% -iele"&%i"$3 Ru,us &e%"en$l un&u" "$ $si&$nsi 9 $-$l$h :

Den'$n :

0 $-$l$h e%,i&i i&$s ,u&l$"

% $-$l$h "5ns&$n&$ -iele"&%i"$

A $-$l$h lu$s l$& ,2;- $-$l$h 1$%$" $n&$%$ l$&8 l$&4 +$i&u &e#$l -iele"

,;

Lu$s l$&4 "5n&$n&$ -iele"&%i"$ h$%us &in''i4 -$n &e#$l -iele"&%i"$ +

"e il un&u" ,en-$ $&"$n 9 +$n' u"u #es$%3 U"u%$n e6isiensi se#u$h "$ $si&5

-i&en&u"$n 5leh ,u$&$n lis&%i" C93 ; &5&$l +$n' -$ $& -isi, $n3

23 3 )3 KEGAGALAN PADA KAPASITOR

K$ $si&5% ,e%u $"$n "5, 5nen +$n' -$ $& -i$n-$l"$n4 ,enun1u" "$n"e'$'$l$n +$n' %en-$h &e%u&$ ,$ #il$ -i-e%$&in' 3U,u% "$ $si&5% -$ $&

-i e% $n1$n' -en'$n $%$:

$; Di5 e%$si"$n -i#$*$h #$&$s &e'$n'$n +$n' -i e%#5leh"$n3


11/24

#; Di5 e%$si"$n $-$ &e, e%$&u%e $,#ien& +$n' %en-$h4 -en'$n

,enu%un"$n &e, e%$&u% 0 9 -$ $& ,eli $&"$n u,u%n+$ -u$ "$li le#ih

$n1$n'3

Ke%us$"$n +$n' ,un'"in &e%1$-i :

8 K$&$s&%56i" ,en-$-$" &5&$l;:

3 Hu#un' sin'"$& : &e,#us -iele"&%i"$n+$

23 Si%"i& &e%#u"$ : "e%us$"$n $-$ en+$,#un' u1un'n+$3

8 De'%$-$si #e%$n'su%8$n'su%-$n se#$'i$n; :

3 Penu%un$n %esis&$nsi -$%i is5l$si $&$u "en$i"$n $%us #5 5%

1enis ele"&%5li& se $%$ #e%$n'su%$n'su%3

23Ken$i"$n %esis&$nsi se%i4 +$i&u su$&u "en$i"$n 6$"&5% -isi $

Be#e%$ $ en+e#$# "e%us$"$n $-$l$h:$;3 Ke%us$"$n "e&i"$ 6$#%i"$si :

K5n&$,in$si hl5%i-e $-$ ele"&%5li&4 $"$n ,eni,#ul"$n e%"$

%$&$n $-$ s$,#un'$n in&e%n$l4 "e%us$"$n ,e"$nis $-$ u1un' -$%i

"$ $si&5% #e%l$ is l5'$,4 ,eni,#ul"$n $n$s #e%le#ih -$n si%"i& &e%#u"

#;3 S$l$h $"$i:

K$ $si&5% -i'un$"$n ,ele#ihi &e'$n'$n +$n' &e%&ulis4 $&$u &e"ni"

$sse,#lin' +$n' 1ele" ,eni,#ul "$n &e"$n$n ,e"$nis &e%h$-$

en+$,#un'8 en+$,#un' u1un' -$n selu#un' Se$l;3

; Lin'"un'$n :

Ke1u&$n8"e1u&$n ,e"$ni"4 'e&$%$n ,e"$ni"4 &e, e%$&u% &in''i

%en-$h4 -$n "ele,#$#$n3 D$6&$% "e%us$"$n -$n "e,un'"in$n en+e#$#

un&u" #e#e%$ $ 1enis "$ $si&5% &e%lih$& $-$ &$#el 2323

T$#el 232 Ke%us$"$n K$ $si&5% -$n Pen+e#$#n+$


12/24

232 KOMPONEN AKTIF

23 23 TRANSISTOR T%$nsis&5% $-$l$h $l$& se,i"5n-u"&5% +$n' -i $"$i se#$'$i en'u$&4

se#$'$i si%"ui& e,u&us -$n en+$,#un' s*i& hin';4 s&$#ilis$si &e'$n'$n4

,5-ul$si sin+$l $&$u se#$'$i 6un'si l$inn+$3 T%$nsis&5% -$ $& #e%6un'si

se,$ $, "%$n lis&%i"4 -i ,$n$ #e%-$s$%"$n $%us in u&n+$ BJT; $&$u &e'$n

in u&n+$ FET;4 ,e,un'"in"$n en'$li%$n lis&%i" +$n' s$n'$& $"u%$& -$%i

si%"ui& su,#e% lis&%i"n+$3

G$,#$% 23!3 T%$nsis&5% &h%5u'h8h5le -i#$n-in'"$n -en'$n i&$ u"u%

sen&i,e&e% ;

P$-$ u,u,n+$4 &%$nsis&5% ,e,ili"i ) &e%,in$l4 +$i&u B$sis B;4 E,i&5%

-$n K5le"&5% 9;3 Te'$n'$n +$n' -i s$&u &e%,in$ln+$ ,is$ln+$ E,i&5% -$ $&

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alat_semikonduktorhttps://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alat_semikonduktorhttps://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentimeterhttps://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentimeterhttps://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alat_semikonduktor


13/24

-i $"$i un&u" ,en'$&u% $%us -$n &e'$n'$n +$n' le#ih #es$% -$%i $-$ $%us in

B$sis4 +$i&u $-$ "elu$%$n &e'$n'$n -$n $%us 5u& u& K5le"&5%3

T%$nsis&5% ,e%u $"$n "5, 5nen +$n' s$n'$& en&in' -$l$, -uni$

ele"&%5ni" ,5-e%n3 D$l$, %$n'"$i$n $n$l5'4 &%$nsis&5% -i'un$"$n -$l$,$, li6ie% en'u$&;3 R$n'"$i$n $n$l5' ,elin'"u i en'e%$s su$%$4 su,#e%

lis&%i" s&$#il s&$#ilis$&5%; -$n en'u$& sin+$l %$-i53 D$l$, %$n'"$i$n8%$

-i'i&$l4 &%$nsis&5% -i'un$"$n se#$'$is$"l$% #e%"e e $&$n &in''i3 Be#e%$ $

&%$nsis&5% 1u'$ -$ $& -i%$n'"$i se-e,i"i$n %u $ sehin''$ #e%6un'si se#$'$i

l5'i '$&e4 ,e,5%i -$n 6un'si %$n'"$i$n8%$n'"$i$n l$inn+$3

23 23 3 9ARA 9EK TRANSISTOR

Cara Cek Kondisi transistor jenis PNP:

3 Se e%&i l$n'"$h -i$&$s A&u% Sele"&5% Mul&i,e&e% "e $%$h Oh,,e&e%3

23 L$lu ilih s"$l$ $-$ #$&$s u"u% K3

)3 Sel$n1u&n+$ hu#un'"$n %5#e ,ul&i,e&e% Q; $-$ #$sis -$n %5#e 8;

"5le"&5%3

(3 Ji"$ ,ul&i,e&e% ,enun1u" "e $n'"$ se"i&$% @820K #e%$%&i &%$nsis&5%

&i-$" ,enun1u" #e%$%&i &%$nsis&5% %us$" u&us B893

@3 Ke,u-i$n le $s"$n "e-u$ %5#e l$lu hu#un'"$n %5#e ,ul&i,e&e% 8; $-

#$sis -$n %5#e Q; $-$ "5le"&5%3

!3 Ji"$ 1$%u, ,ul&i,e&e% &i-$" #e%'e%$" #e%$%&i &%$nsis&5% #$i"4 1i"$ #e%

&%$nsis&5% %us$" #5 5% &e,#us B893

/3 Hu#un'"$n %5#e ,ul&i,e&e% Q; $-$ #$sis -$n %5#e 8; $-$ e,i&5%3

73 Ji"$ ,ul&i,e&e% ,enun1u" "e $n'"$se"i&$% @820K #e%$%&i &%$nsis&5%

&i-$" ,enun1u" #e%$%&i &%$nsis&5% %us$" u&us B8E3

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digitalhttps://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saklarhttps://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digitalhttps://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saklar


14/24

3 Le $s"$n "e-u$ %5#e l$lu hu#un'"$n %5#e ,ul&i,e&e% 8; $-$ #$sis -

%5#e Q; $-$ e,i&5%3

03 Ji"$ 1$%u, ,ul&i,e&e% &i-$" #e%'e%$" #e%$%&i &%$nsis&5% #$i"4 1i"$ #e%

&%$nsis&5% %us$" #5 5% &e,#us B8E3

3 Hu#un'"$n %5#e ,ul&i,e&e% 8; $-$ e,i&5% -$n %5#e Q; $-$ "5le"&5%

23 Ji"$ 1$%u, ,ul&i,e&e%&i-$" #e%'e%$" #e%$%&i &%$nsis&5% #$i"4 1i"$ #e%

&%$nsis&5% %us$" #5 5% &e,#us 98E3

Cara Cek Kondisi transistor jenis NPN :

3 A&u% Sele"&5% Mul&i,e&e% "e $%$h Oh,,e&e%3

23 L$lu ilih s"$l$ $-$ #$&$s u"u% K3

)3 Sel$n1u&n+$ hu#un'"$n %5#e ,ul&i,e&e% 8; $-$ #$sis -$n %5#e Q;

"5le"&5% 3

(3 Ji"$ ,ul&i,e&e% ,enun1u" $%$h "e $n'"$ &e%&en&u #i$s$n+$ se"i&$% @820K

&%$nsis&5% #$i"4 1i"$ &i-$" ,enun1u" #e%$%&i &%$nsis&5% -$l$, "5n-isi % u&us B893

@3 sel$n1u&n+$ le $s"$n "e-u$ %5#e &$-i sel$n1u&n+$ hu#un'"$n %5#e ,ul&

Q; $-$ #$sis -$n %5#e 8; $-$ "5le"&5%3

!3 Ji"$ 1$%u, ,ul&i,e&e% &i-$" &i-$" #e%'e%$" #e%$%&i &%$nsis&5% #$i"4 1

#e%$%&i &%$nsis&5% %us$" $&$u #5 5% &e,#us B893

/3 Hu#un'"$n "e,#$li %5#e ,ul&i,e&e% 8; $-$ #$sis -$n %5#e Q; $-$ e,i&5%

73 Ji"$ ,ul&i,e&e% ,enun1u" "e $n'"$ se"i&$% @820K #e%$%&i &%$nsis&5%

&i-$" ,enun1u" #e%$%&i &%$nsis&5% %us$" $&$u u&us B8E3


15/24

3 l$lu le $s"$n "e,#$li "e-u$ %5#e "e,u-i$n hu#un'"$n "e,#$li %5#e

,ul&i,e&e% Q; $-$ #$sis -$n %5#e 8; $-$ e,i&5%3

03 Ji"$ 1$%u, ,ul&i,e&e% &i-$" ,enun1u""$n $ $8$ $ $&$u 1$%u, &i-$" #e%'

#e%$%&i &%$nsis&5% #$i"4 1i"$ #e%'e%$" #e%$%&i &%$nsis&5% -$l$, "e$ #5 5% &e,#us B8E3

3 Se"$li l$'i un&u" ,e,$s&i"$n &%$nsis&5%4 sil$h"$n hu#un'"$n %5#e ,ul&i,e

Q; $-$ e,i&5% -$n %5#e 8; $-$ "5le"&5%3

23 Ji"$ 1$%u, ,ul&i,e&e% &i-$" #e%'e%$" #e%$%&i &%$nsis&5% #$i"4 1i"$ #e%

&%$nsis&5% %us$" #5 5% &e,#us 98E3

23 23 3 2 PEN?EBAB TRANSISTOR RUSAK

Kerusakan Transistor

T%$nsis&5% -$ $& ,en'$l$,i "e%us$"$n "$%en$ #e#e%$ $ se#$#3 T%$ns

-$ $& ,e,$1u"$n -$n ,en$h$n $%us -$n &e'$n'$n ,enu%u& nil$i u"u%$nn+$

se e%&i +$n' -il$"u"$n -i5-e3 Mele#ihi u"u%$n nil$i -$ $& ,e%us$" &%$nsis&5

Se#u$h &%$nsis&5% %us$" ,un'"in "$%en$ hu#un' sin'"$& -$%i BASIS "e

9OLE9TOR $&$u -$%i BASIS "e EMITTER3 K$-$n' &%$nsis&5% +$n' %us$" $'$

$%$h ,en+e#$#"$n hu#un'$n sin'"$& -ise,u$ "$"i &e%,in$ln+$3 Se#u$h si%"ui&

+$n' hu#un' sin'"$& ,e,u,'"in"$n $%us ,en'$li% +$n' #es$%4 +$n'

,en+e#$#"$n $n$s +$n' #e%le#ih$n $-$ &%$nsis&5%4 sehin''$ ,eni,#ul"$n

"e%us$"$n3 A&$u -$ $& 1u'$ &e%1$-i %$n'"$i$n &e%#u"$ $n&$%$ &e%,in$l B

9OLLE9TOR $&$u BASIS "e EMITTER3

L$n'"$h e%&$,$ -$l$, ,en'i-en&i6i"$si se#u$h &%$nsis&5% +$n' %us$"$-$l$h -en'$n &$n-$ $n$s +$n' #e%le#ih$n3 Se#u$h &%$nsis&5% +$n' %us$" -$

&e%lih$& &e%#$"$% $&$u ,eleleh3 Ke&i"$ e%$l$&$n -i,$&i"$n4 -$ $& -isen&

suhu &%$nsis&5% #e%$-$ $-$ suhu $n$s +$n' #e%le#ih$n3 Ke$-$$n suhu $n$

h$%us sesu$i -en'$n u"u%$n en+e%$ $n$s &%$nsis&5% i&u3 Ji"$ &%$nsis&

,e,ili"i en+e%$ $n$s4 -$n "5n-isin+$ s$n'$& $n$s4 -$ $& -i e%"i%$"$n "$l$


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&%$nsis&5% i&u #e%,$s$l$h3 J$n'$n ,en+en&uh &%$nsis&5% $ $#il$ i&u #$'i$

si%"ui& -en'$n &e'$n'$n +$n' #es$%3 Sel$lu ,e,$&i"$n s*i& h8566; e%$l$&$n

se#elu, ,en+en&uh "5, 5nen $ $ un3

Kerusakan – kerusakan yang sering terjadi pada transistor:

Adanya pemutusan hubungan dari rangkaian elektronik.

Terjadinya konseleting/ hubung singkat antar elektroda

transistor.

Terjadi kebocoran diantara electrode – electrode transistor.

Adapun penyebab terjadinya kerusakan pada sebuah

transistor adalah:

Penanganan yang tidak tepat saat pemasangan pad rangkaian.

Transistor terlalu panas karena suhunya melebihi batas

maksimal kemampuannya. Bagi transistor dari bahan

Germanium suhu maksimal !"#$ sedang transistor %ilicon

suhu maksimal mencapai &"##$.

Kesalahan pengukuran.

Pemasangan yang salah pada rangkaian.

23 23 3 ) Pen''$n&i$n T%$nsis&5% K$%en$ $l$s$n &e%&en&u4 -$n "i&$ &i-$" -$ $& ,en''$n&i &%$nsis&5

&i e +$n' s$,$4 $%i e%s$,$$n &i e -$%i &%$nsis&5% i&u -en'$n

en''$n&i$n &%$nsis&5%3 D$n 5#$ i-en&i6i"$si -en'$n &i e +$n' ,en-e"$&i3

h$&i "$-$n' &i e en''$n&in+$ ,e,ili"i nil$i +$n' #e%#e-$4 "$-$n' -u$ #$'i$n

nil$i +$n' #e%#e-$3

P$%$,e&e% +$n' en&in' $-$l$h :• Te'$n'$n• A, e%e• W$&&


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B$'i$n en''$n&i h$%us ,e,ili"i &e'$n'$n4 $, e%e4 -$n %$&in' *$&& +$n'

s$,$ $&$u le#ih &in''i -$%i $-$ +$n' $sli3 ?$n' &e%#$i" $-$l$h ,en''$n&in+$

-en'$n &i e +$n' s$,$3

23 23 2 DIODADi5-$ $-$l$h "5, 5nen ele"&%5ni" +$n' &e%#u$& -$%i unsu% se,i"5n-u"&5%3 B$

ini $-$l$h sili"5n $&$u 'e%,$niu,3 Di5-$ sili"5n #e"e%1$ $-$ &e'$n'$n 03! D9 -$n

-i5-$ 'e%,$niu, #e"e%1$ $-$ &e'$n'$n 042 D93

G$,#$% 23(3 95n&5h -i5-$ : IN ( (74 IN(0024 IN (00)4 -ll3

G$,#$% 23@3 Si,#5l -i5-$

Fun'si Di5-$ :

Se#$'$i en+e$%$h

Se#$'$i en'$,$n %$n'"$i$n -$%i "e,un'"in$n &e%#$li"n+$ 5l$%i&$s


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23 23 23 MENGUKUR DIODA DENGAN MULTITESTER • Pu&$% #$&$s u"u% $-$ Oh,,e&e% 0 00

• %5#e ,e%$h C "$&5-$4 %5#e hi&$, C $n5-$ C J$%u, #e%'e%$" #u"$n n

"e,u-i$n 5sisi -i#$li" :• %5#e ,e%$h C $n5-$4 %5#e hi&$, C "$&5-$4 J$%u, &-" #e%'e%$" #e%$

-i5-$ -$l$, "5n-isi BAIK3• %5#e ,e%$h C "$&5-$4 %5#e hi&$, C $n5-$ C J$%u, #e%'e%$" $&$u

,enun1u" n5l3

"e,u-i$n 5sisi -i#$li" :• %5#e ,e%$h C $n5-$4 %5#e hi&$, C "$&5-$ C J$%u, #e%'e%$" $&$u

,enun1u" n5l #e%$%&i -i5-$ -$l$, "5n-isi RUSAK SHORT3

23 23 ) I9 INTEGRATED 9IR9UIT;In&e'%$&e- 9i% ui& $&$u -isin'"$& -en'$n I9 $-$l$h K5, 5nen Ele"&%5ni"$ A

+$n' &e%-i%i -$%i '$#un'$n %$&us$n4 %i#u$n #$h"$n 1u&$$n T%$nsis&5%4 Di5-$4 R

K$ $si&5% +$n' -iin&e'%$si"$n ,en1$-i su$&u R$n'"$i$n Ele"&%5ni"$ -$l$, se#u$

"e,$s$n "e il3 B$h$n u&$,$ +$n' ,e,#en&u" se#u$h In&e'%$&e- 9i% ui& I9; $-$l$h B$h$

Se,i"5n-u"&5%3 Sili 5n ,e%u $"$n #$h$n se,i"5n-u"&5% +$n' $lin' se%in' -i'un$"$n

-$l$, Te"n5l5'i F$#%i"$si In&e'%$&e- 9i% ui& I9;3 D$l$, #$h$s$ In-5nesi$4 In&e'%$

9i% ui& $&$u I9 ini se%in' -i&e%1e,$h"$n ,en1$-i Si%"ui& Te% $-u3Te"n5l5'i I9 In&e9i% ui&; ,e,un'"in"$n se5%$n' e%$n $n' R$n'"$i$n Ele"&%5ni"$ un&u" ,e,#u$& se#u$h

e%$l$&$n Ele"&%5ni"$ +$n' le#ih "e il4 le#ih %in'$n -en'$n h$%'$ +$n' le#ih &e%1$n

K5nsu,si -$+$ lis&%i" se#u$h I9 1u'$ le#ih %en-$h -i#$n-in' -en'$n T%$nsis&5%3 Oleh

"$%en$ i&u4 I9 In&e'%$&e- 9i% ui&; &el$h ,en1$-i "5, 5nen U&$,$ $-$ h$, i% s

e%$l$&$n Ele"&%5ni"$ +$n' "i&$ 'un$"$n s$$& ini3


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20/24

• Mi %5 %5 ess5% Mi"%5 %5ses5%; • Mi %5 5n&%5lle%


21/24

• 23 23 ( KERUSAKAN PADA SEMIKONDUKTOR

• Ke,un'"in$n "e%us$"$n +$n' &e%1$-i $-$l$h:

• Hu#un' sin'"$&: $-$ 1un &i5n BE4 B9 $&$u 9E3• Te%#u"$: $-$ 1un &i5n BE $&$u B93

•

• Be#e%$ $ en+e#$# "e%us$"$n se,i"5n-u"&5% $-$l$h

$3 Ke%us$"$n ,e"$nis s$$& 6$#%i"$si :• P%5ses8 %5ses -i6usi• P%5ses Me&$lis$si• P%5ses Me"$nis

#3 S$l$h e,$"$i$n :• Mele*$&i &e'$n'$n $&u4 $%us -$n -$+$ ,$"si,u,n+$• Me,$su"$n ,en $#u& I9 s$$& &e'$n'$n hi-u

3 B$h$+$ lin'"un'$n :• In&e%6e%ensi "elis&%i"$n• Ke1u&$n &e'$n'$n 5leh ,esin $&$u %el$+• Me-$n ,$'ne&i

• 23 23 @ PEN9EGAHAN KERUSAKAN PADA KOMPONEN

ELEKTRONIKA

• Se $%$ u,u, -i#$*$h ini $%$8 $%$ ,e%$*$& e%$l$&$n $&$u "5, 5

ele"&%5ni"$:

3 Me,#en'"5""$n "$*$& en'hu#un':• J$n'$n #e%"$li8"$li• J$n'$n &e%l$lu -e"$& -en'$n #$-$n "5, 5nen )8@,,;

23 Ke1u&$n Me"$nis• J$&uhn+$ "5, 5nen se,i"5n-u"&5% • Me,5&5n' "$*$& en+$,#un'• Men'e%i" e%,u"$$n "5, 5nen

)3 Ke1u&$n Te%,$l• S5l-e% 208@0 *$&&


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• Suhu s5l-e% ,$"si,u, )008(009• L$,$ ,en+5l-e% @ -e&i" • Gun$"$n S5l-e% Wi " $&$u A&%$"&5% un&u" ,ele $s "5, 5nen -en

,en''un$"$n s5l-e%3•

(3 Ke1u&$n Ele"&%5s&$&i" 1u'$ $-$ MOS;• Gun$"$n &es %5#e +$n' "e il• Pe,$s$n'$n "5, 5nen MOS $lin' $"hi% • Pu u" s5l-e% h$%us &$" #e%&e'$n'$n• J$n'$n ,e,$su""$n $&$u ,ele $s "5, 5nen se,i"5n-u"&5% s$$& $&u -$+$ hi-u• Hin-$%i &e'$n'$n "e1u& -$%i %el$+ $&$u s$$& s$"l$% ON• Sin+$l &$" &e% $s$n' "e in u& s$$& $&u -$+$ $-$,• Gun$"$n 'el$n' $&$u $"$i$n $n&i s&$&i -i $#%i"; s$$& ,e,$s$n' I9 MOS

•

•

•


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• BAB III

• PENUTUP

•

)3 KESIMPULAN• Se $%$ u,u, "5, 5nen = "5, 5nen ele"&%5ni"$ -i"el5, 5"$n ,en1$-i

"5, 5nen = "5, 5nen $si6 -$n "5, 5nen = "5, 5nen $"&i63 K5, 5nen $si6

-i$n&$%$n+$ $-$l$h %esis&5% &e&$ 4 %esis&5% $%i$#el -$n "$ $si&5%3 Se-$n'"$

$"&i6 -i$n&$%$n+$ $-$l$h i 4 &%$nsis&5% -$n -i5-$3

• M$sin' ,$sin' "5, 5nen -$l$, -uni$ ele"&%5ni"$ #$i" $si6 ,$u un $"&i6

,e,ili"i 1enis "e%us$"$n -$n en+e#$# "e%us$"$n +$n' #e%#e-$3 Se#$'i$n #es$% "e%us$"$n&e%1$-i "$%en$ "es$l$h$n -$l$, en''un$$n "5, 5nen4 se e%&i ,e,#e%i"$n $&u -$+$ +$n'

&e%l$lu &in''i $-$ "5, 5nen -$n &i-$" ,e,#$ $ -$&$shee& su$&u "5, 5nen3

• Pe%$*$&$n +$n' -il$"u"$n $-$l$h e%$*$&$n +$n' #e%si6$& "e&ele&i$n -$n "eh

h$&i$n s$$& en''un$$n "5, 5nen3 K5, 5nen h$%us -i'un$"$n -en'$n #$&$s $&u -$+$ +$n'

&e $& -$n &i-$" #5leh ,e,$"s$"$n "5, 5nen $ $#il$ lu#$n' $-$ P9B $&$u un %51e & #5$%-

&i-$" u"u "$%en$ -$ $& ,en'$"i#$&"$n "e%us$"$n $-$ "$"i "5, 5nen3 Pe,e%i"s$$n

"5, 5nen -$ $& -il$"u"$n -en'$n ,el$"u"$n en'u"u%$n ,el$lui ,ul&i,e&e% $&$u un -en'$n

,el$"u"$n en'e&es$n un&u" ,en'e&$hui 5u& u& -$%i se#u$h "5, 5nen3

• )32 DAFTAR PUSTAKA• h&& s: ***3'55'le3 5, u%l>

s$C& % &C1 C es% Cs s5u% eC*e# -C $-C%1$ u$ &C7 e-C0$hUKE*i!

*-)LAh HG5(KH# 0A%M F''#MAA u%lCh&& )A 2F

2Fil,uele"&%5,e-i"3#l5's 5&3 5, 2F20 2 2F 0 2F"5, 5nen8"5, 5nen8 $si68$"&i68-$l$,3h&,l us'CAF 19NE' 7uL


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• h&& :

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