TUGAS MATA KULIAHELEKTRONIKA KEDOKTERANPERANCANGAN ELEKTROKARDIOGRAF(ECG/EKG)Disusun oleh:FARASOFI NURIESA R. 0710630013TANDYO WICAKSONO 0710630033YUI K!OIRU !IDAYAT 071063003"JURUSAN TEKNIK ELEKTROFAKULTAS TEKNIKUNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYAMALANG2010BAB IPENDAHULUAN1.1 L!" B#$%&' #$%$ins&'u(en&$si )io(e%i*$s$n+$& %i&un&u& ,e'ih$l $*u'$si %$n*e$($n$nn-$)$+i ,$sien. (en+in+$& se(u$ ins&'u(en&$si )io(e%i*$ )e'hu)un+$n %en+$n*esel$($&$n ($nusi$. /e+i&u h$ln-$ %en+$n ele*&'o*$'%io+'$0. ins&'u(en ini%i+un$*$n un&u* (en$(,il*$n sin-$l EK1 2$n&un+ *e l$-$' *o(,u&e' un&u**e,en&in+$n %i$+nos$ oleh %o*&e'. #$%$ $3$l ,e'*e()$n+$nn-$ ins&'u(en ini %i)u$&%en+$n *o(,onen4*o(,onen $n$lo+. sehin++$ sin-$l EK1 -$n+ %i%$,$& (e'u,$*$nh$sil ,e('oses$n se5$'$ $n$lo+. N$(un %en+$n &e'2$%in-$ 'e6olusi %i )i%$n+ele*&'oni*$ -$n+ %i&$n%$i %en+$n ,e'*e()$n+$n ele*&'oni*$ %i+i&$l -$n+ )e+i&u ,es$&sehin++$%i(un+*in*$nun&u*(e'$n5$n+ins&'u(en&$si %i+i&$l %$n(en+$*i)$&*$n(un5uln-$ )e+i&u )$n-$* ins&'u(en&$si )e')$sis ele*&'oni*$ %i+i&$l %i )i%$n+ele*&'o)io(e%i*$. 7$n&un+ ($($li$ 5en%e'un+ sensi&i0 &e'h$%$, ,$so*$n o*si+en %$n *on%isi&e(,e'$&u' lin+*un+$n. Sel$in i&u.2$n&un+ ($($li$ 2u+$ %$,$& )e'*on&'$*si %en+$nsen%i'in-$ &$n,$ $%$ '$n+s$n+$n %$'i lu$'. Ins&'u(en Ele5&'o5$'%io+'$(8EC19($(,u (e'e*$( $*&i6i&$s ,o&ensi$l ele*&'i* -$n+ %ih$sil*$n oleh 2$n&un+. D$'i $3$l,ene(u$nn-$ hin++$ se*$'$n+. ($sih $%$ )e)e'$,$ ,'insi, u&$($ -$n+ &e&$,%i+un$*$nolehins&'u(enini. /e)e'$,$%i$n&$'$n-$ $%$l$hi%en&i&$s n$($sin-$l+elo()$n+. s&$n%$',ene(,$&$n&e(,$& 'e*$($n,$%$len+$n%$n*$*i. se'&$&eo'i,e(o%el$n -$n+ (en-$&$*$n 2$n&un+se)$+$i *u&u)-$n+ )e'u)$h4u)$h&e'h$%$,3$*&u.1.2 R()(*& M*$+1. #'insi, ,en+u*u'$n %$n *o(,onen4*o(,onen -$n+ %i+un$*$n ,$%$EC1:EK1.;. #'insi, ,en+ol$h$n sin-$l ,$%$ EC1:EK1.3. R$n+*$i$n $n&$'4(u*$ EC1:EK1.". R$n+*$i$n ins&'u(en&$si EC1:EK1.;1., T(-(& .& M&/!1. ol& se'&$,$'$(e&e' )e'$& )$%$n ,$sien -$n+ )e')e%$./e)e'$,$ 0un+si l$in EK1 -$i&u: e5&o' S$$& )e'+e'$* *e $'$h ele*&'o%e ,osi&i0. (u*$ +elo()$n+ %e,ol$'is$si 8$&$u 'e'$&$6e*&o' lis&'i*9 (en5i,&$*$n %e0le*si positif %i EK1 %i s$%$,$n -$n+ )e'hu)un+$n. S$$& )e'+e'$* %$'i ele*&'o%e ,osi&i0. (u*$ +elo()$n+ %e,ol$'is$si (en5i,&$*$n%e0le*si negatif ,$%$ EK1 %i s$%$,$n -$n+ )e'hu)un+$n.7 S$$& )e'+e'$* &e+$* lu'us *e ele*&'o%e ,osi&i0. (u*$ +elo()$n+ %e,ol$'is$si 8$&$u'e'$&$ 6e*&o' lis&'i*9 (en5i,&$*$n *o(,le*s equifasik8$&$u isoele*&'i*9 %i EK1.-$n+ $*$n )e'nil$i ,osi&i0 s$$& (u*$ +elo()$n+ %e,ol$'is$si 8$&$u 'e'$&$ 6e*&o'lis&'i*9 (en%e*$&i 8A9. %$n *e(u%i$n (en2$%i ne+$&i0 s$$& (elin&$s %e*$& 8/9.A%$ ; 2enis s$%$,$n. -$i&u unipolar%$n bipolar. EK1 l$($ (e(ili*i ele*&'o%e&$* )e')e%$ %i &en+$h se+i&i+$ Ein&ho6en 8-$n+ )is$ %ise'u,$*$n %en+$n Hne&'$lI s&o,*on&$*%in%in+9 %i ,o&ensi$l nol. A'$hs$%$,$n4s$%$,$nini )e'$s$l %$'i J&en+$hK2$n&un+ -$n+ (en+$'$h *e lu$' se5$'$ '$%i$l %$n &e'($su* s$%$,$n 8%$%$9 ,'e*o'%i$l%$ns$%$,$ne*s&'e(i&$s-$i&u>. >R.%$n>F.Se)$li*n-$. EK1)$'u(e(ili*i*e%u$ ele*&'o%e i&u%i )e)e'$,$ ,o&ensi$l %$n$'$hele*&'o%e -$n+)e'hu)un+$n)e'$s$l %$'i ele*&'o%e %i ,o&ensi$l -$n+ le)ih 'en%$h *e &in++i. (is$ln-$%i s$%$,$ne*s&'e(i&$s I. $'$hn-$ %$'i *i'i *e *$n$n.#e()$+i$n s$%$,$n EK1)e'%$s$'*$n 2enisn-$ %$,$& %i*$&e+o'i*$n se)$+$i)e'i*u&:1. S$%$,$n E%*!"#)1!*S$%$,$n I. II %$n III %ise)u&s$%$,$n e*s&'e(i&$s*$'en$,e($*$i EK1 )en$'4)en$' h$'us (ene(,$&*$n &$n+$n %$n *$*i (e'e*$ %i e()e' $i' $sin un&u*(en%$,$&*$n sin-$l %$'i +$l6$no(e&e' sen$' Ein&ho6en.EK1 se,e'&i i&u (e()en&u*%$s$' -$n+ *ini %i*en$lse)$+$ise+i&i+$Ein&ho6en.A*hi'n-$. ele*&'o%e %i&e(u*$nsehin++$ %$,$& %i&e(,$&*$n se5$'$ l$n+sun+ %i *uli& ,$sien. R $&$u =6e*&o' &$()$h$n *$n$n= (e(ili*i ele*&'o%e ,osi&i0 8,u&ih9%i len+$n *$n$n. Ele*&'o%e ne+$&i0 (e'u,$*$n +$)un+$n ele*&'o%e len+$n *i'i8hi&$(9 %$nele*&'o%e*$*i *i'i 8(e'$h9. -$n+=(en$()$h= *e*u$&$nsin-$lele*&'o%e ,osi&i0 %i len+$n *$n$n. S$%$,$n $> $&$u =6e*&o' &$()$h$n *i'i= (e(,un-$i ele*&'o%e ,osi&i0 8hi&$(9%i len+$n *i'i. Ele*&'o%e ne+$&i0 $%$l$h +$)un+$n ele*&'o%e len+$n *$n$n 8,u&ih9%$nele*&'o%e*$*i*i'i8(e'$h9. -$n+=(en$()$h=*e*u$&$nsin-$l ele*&'o%e,osi&i0 %i len+$n *i'i. S$%$,$n $>F $&$u =6e*&o' &$()$h$n *$*i= (e(,un-$i ele*&'o%e ,osi&i0 8(e'$h9%i *$*i *i'i. Ele*&'o%e ne+$&i0 $%$l$h +$)un+$n ele*&'o%e len+$n *$n$n 8,u&ih9%$n ele*&'o%e len+$n *i'i 8hi&$(9. -$n+ =(en$()$h= sin-$l ele*&'o%e ,osi&i0 %i*$*i *i'i.S$%$,$n e*s&'e(i&$s &$()$h$n $>R. $>. %$n $>F %i,e'*u$& %en+$n 5$'$ ini*$'en$sin-$l i&u&e'l$lu*e5ilun&u*%i+un$*$n*$'en$ele*&'o%ene+$&i0n-$$%$l$h&e'(in$l sen&'$l Wilson. /e's$($ %en+$n s$%$,$n I. II. %$n III. s$%$,$n e*s&'e(i&$s&$()$h$n$>R. $>. %$n$>F(e()en&u*%$s$'sis&e('u2u*$nhe*s$*si$l. -$n+%i+un$*$n un&u* (en+hi&un+ su()u *elis&'i*$n 2$n&un+ %i )i%$n+ 0'on&$l.D,. S.4& P"#%0".1$S$%$,$n ,'e*o'%i$l >1. >;. >3. >". >?. %$n >6 %i&e(,$&*$n se5$'$ l$n+sun+ %i%$%$. K$'en$ &e'le&$* %e*$& 2$n&un+. 6s$%$,$ni&u&$*(e(e'lu*$n $u+(en&$si.Te'(in$l sen&'$l Wilson%i+un$*$nun&u*ele*&'o%e ne+$&i0. %$ns$%$,$n4s$%$,$n&e'se)u& %i$n++$,uni,ol$'. S$%$,$n ,'e*o'%i$l (e($n%$n+ $*&i6i&$s 2$n&un+ %i)i%$n+ho'i@on&$l. Su()u*elis&'i*$n2$n&un+%i )i%$n+ho'i@on&$l %ise)u& se)$+$isu()u N.S$%$,$n >1. >;. %$n >3 %ise)u& se)$+$is$%$,$n ,'e*o'%i$l *$n$nse%$n+*$n>". >?. %$n >6 %ise)u& se)$+$i s$%$,$n ,'e*o'%i$l *i'i. Ko(,le*sERSne+$&i0%i s$%$,$n>1%$n,osi&i0%i s$%$,$n >6. Ko(,le*sERS h$'us (enun2u**$n ,e'$lih$n )e'&$h$, %$'i ne+$&i0 *e ,osi&i0 $n&$'$ s$%$,$n >;%$n >". S$%$,$n e*ui0$si* i&u %ise)u& se)$+$i s$%$,$n &'$nsisi. S$$& &e'2$%i le)ih $3$l%$'i,$%$ s$%$,$n >3. ,e'$lih$n ini %ise)u& se)$+$i ,e'$lih$n $3$l. S$$& &e'2$%i se&el$hs$%$,$n>3. ,e'$lih$nini %ise)u& se)$+$i,e'$lih$n$*hi'. !$'us$%$,e'&$()$h$n)e'&$h$, ,$%$ $(,li&u%o +elo()$n+ R $n&$'$ s$%$,$n >1 %$n >". Ini %i*en$l se)$+$i,'o+'esi +elo()$n+ R. #'o+'esi +elo()$n+ R -$n+ *e5il )u*$nl$h ,ene(u$n -$n+s,esi0i*.*$'en$ %$,$& %ise)$)*$n oleh se2u(l$h $)no'($li&$s *on%u*si. in0$'* o&o&2$n&un+. *$'%io(io,$&i. %$n *e$%$$n ,$&olo+is l$inn-$.1$()$'"(enun2u**$n,ene(,$&$n s$%$,$n ,'e*o'%i$l -$n+ )en$' ,$%$ )$+i$n &u)uh ($nusi$.1$()$' ". #ene(,$&$n s$%$,$n ,'e*o'%i$l -$n+ )en$'Ke&e'$n+$n#ene(,$&$n s$%$,$n ,'e*o'%i$l -$n+ )en$',$%$ )$+i$n &u)uh($nusi$: S$%$,$n >1 %i&e(,$&*$n %i 'u$n+ in&e'5os&$l I> %i *$n$n s&e'nu(. S$%$,$n >; %i&e(,$&*$n %i 'u$n+ in&e'5os&$l I> %i *i'i s&e'nu(. S$%$,$n >3 %i&e(,$&*$n %i $n&$'$ s$%$,$n >; %$n >".10 S$%$,$n >" %i&e(,$&*$n %i 'u$n+ in&e'5os&$l > %i line$ 8se*$li,un %e&$* $,e*s )e',in%$h9. S$%$,$n >? %i&e(,$&*$n se5$'$ (en%$&$' %en+$n >" %i line$ $Aill$'is $n&e'io'. S$%$,$n >6 %i&e(,$&*$n se5$'$ (en%$&$' %en+$n >" %$n >? %i line$ (i%$Aill$'is.2. S$%$,$n D$s$'Se)u$h ele*&'o%e &$()$h$n 8)i$s$n-$ hi2$u9 &e'%$,$& %i EK1 " %$n 1; s$%$,$n(o%e'n. -$n+ %ise)u& se)$+$i s$%$,$n %$s$' -$n+ (enu'u& *ese,$*$&$n %i&e(,$&*$n%i *$*i *i'i. (es*i se5$'$ &eo'e&is %$,$& %i&e(,$&*$n %i ($n$,un ,$%$ &u)uh. Den+$nEK1 3 s$%$,$n. s$$& 1 %i,ol %i,$n%$n+. sis$n-$ (en2$%i s$%$,$n %$s$' )il$ &i$%$.2.6 G#$0)5&' .& I&!#"7$Se)u$hEK1-$n+*h$s (el$5$*%e&$*2$n&un+no'($l 8$&$usi*lus 2$n&un+9&e'%i'i $&$s 1 +elo()$n+ #. 1 *o(,le*s ERS %$n 1 +elo()$n+ T. Se)u$h gelombangU*e5il no'($ln-$ &e'lih$& ,$%$ ?047?O %i EK1. >ol&$se +$'is %$s$'ele*&'o*$'%io+'$( %i*en$l se)$+$i +$'is isoele*&'i*. Kh$sn-$. +$'is isoele*&'i* %iu*u'se)$+$i ,o'si ,el$5$*$n (en-usul +elo()$n+ T%$n (en%$hului +elo()$n+ #)e'i*u&n-$.1$()$' ?. 1$()$'$n S*e($&i* EK1 No'($l1. An$lisis I'$($A%$)e)e'$,$$&u'$n%$s$' -$n+%$,$& %ii*u&i un&u*(en+en$li i'$($2$n&un+,$sien. /$+$i($n$ %en-u&$nn-$P Te'$&u' $&$u &i%$*P A%$*$h +elo()$n+ #P A%$*$h*o(,le*s ERSP A%$*$h ,e')$n%in+$n 1:1 $n&$'$ +elo()$n+ # %$n *o(,le*s ERSPKons&$n*$h in&e'6$l #RP11;. 1elo()$n+ #Sel$($ %e,ol$'is$si $&'iu( no'($l. 6e*&o' lis&'i* u&$($ %i$'$h*$n %$'i no%us SA*e no%us A>. %$n (en-e)$' %$'i$&'iu(*$n$n *e $&'iu(*i'i. >e*&o' ini )e'u)$h *e+elo()$n+# %i EK1. -$n+&e+$*,$%$s$%$,$nII. III. %$n$>F8*$'en$$*&i6i&$s*elis&'i*$n u(u(se%$n+ (enu2u ele*&'o%e ,osi&i0 %i s$%$,$n4s$%$,$n i&u9. %$n(e()$li*%i s$%$,$n$>R8*$'en$6e*&o'ini se%$n+)e'l$lu%$'i ele*&'o%e,osi&i0un&u*s$%$,$ni&u9. Se)u$h+elo()$n+#h$'us&e+$*%i s$%$,$nII %$n$>F%$n&e')$li* %i s$%$,$n $>R un&u* (en$n%$*$n i'$($ 2$n&un+ se)$+$i I'$($ Sinus. !u)un+$n $n&$'$ +elo()$n+ #%$n*o(,le*s ERS(e()$n&u (e()e%$*$nse2u(l$h $'i&(i$ 2$n&un+. /en&u* %$n %u'$si +elo()$n+ # %$,$& (en$n%$*$n ,e()es$'$n $&'iu(.3. In&e'6$l #RIn&e'6$l #R %iu*u' %$'i $3$l +elo()$n+ # *e $3$l *o(,le*s ERS. -$n+ )i$s$n-$,$n2$n+n-$ 1;04;00(s.#$%$ ,en5$&$&$nEK1.ini)e'hu)un+$n%en+$n34? *o&$**e5il. In&e'6$l #R le)ih %$'i ;00 (s %$,$& (en$n%$*$n )lo* 2$n&un+ &in+*$& ,e'&$($. In&e'6$l #R-$n+,en%e*%$,$& (en$n%$*$nsin%'o( ,'$4e*si&$si(el$lui2$lu'&$()$h$n -$n+ (eni()ul*$n ,en+$*&i0$n $3$l 6en&'i*el. se,e'&i -$n+ &e'lih$& %iSin%'o( Wol004#$'*inson4Whi&e. In&e'6$l #R -$n+ )e'6$'i$si %$,$& (en$n%$*$n 2enis l$in )lo* 2$n&un+. De,'esi se+(en #R %$,$& (en$n%$*$n lesi $&'iu( $&$u ,e'i*$'%i&is. ? %$n >6. 1elo()$n+ E le)ih )es$' %$'i,$%$ 1:3 &in++i +elo()$n+ R. )e'%u'$si le)ih )es$'%$'i,$%$ 0.0" s 8"0 (s9. $&$u %i s$%$,$n ,'e*o'%i$l *$n$n %i$n++$, &i%$* no'($l.%$n (un+*in (en++$()$'*$n in0$'* (io*$'%iu(.?. Se+(en STSe+(enST(en+hu)un+*$n*o(,le*sERS%$n+elo()$n+Tse'&$)e'%u'$si0.0B40.1; s 8B041;0 (s9. Se+(en ini )e'(ul$ %i&i&i* 78,e'si(,$n+$n $n&$'$*o(,le*s ERS %$n se+(en ST9 %$n )e'$*hi' %i $3$l +elo()$n+ T. 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N$(un.+elo()$n+ T ne+$&i0 no'($l %i s$%$,$n $>R. S$%$,$n >1 )is$ (e(ili*i +elo()$n+ T-$n+,osi&i0. ne+$&i0. $&$u)i0$se. Dis$(,in+i&u. &i%$*u(u(un&u*(en%$,$&*$n+elo()$n+ T ne+$&i0 &e'isol$si %i s$%$,$n III. $>. $&$u $>F. 1elo()$n+ T&e')$li* 8$&$une+$&i09 )is$ (en2$%iis*e(i$ *o'one'.sin%'o(Wellens. hi,e'&'o0i 6en&'i*el *i'i. $&$u +$n++u$n SS#. 1elo()$n+ T-$n+ &in++i $&$u =)e'&en%$= )is$ (en$n%$*$nhi,e'*$le(i$.1elo()$n+ T -$n+ %$&$' %$,$& (en$n%$*$n is*e(i$ *o'one' $&$u hi,o*$le(i$. #ene(u$n ele*&'o*$'%io+'$0i$3$l$&$s in0$'* o&o&2$n&un+$*u& *$%$n+4*$%$n++elo()$n+ T hi,e'$*u&. -$n+ %$,$& %i)e%$*$n %$'i hi,e'*$le(i$ oleh %$s$' -$n+lu$s %$n se%i*i& $si(e&'i. S$$& &e'2$%i $)no'($li&$s *on%u*si 8(is.. )lo* 5$)$n+ )e'*$s. i'$($ )ol$*4)$li*9.+elo()$n+ T h$'us %i%e0le*si*$n )e'l$3$n$n %en+$n %e0le*si &e'(in$l *o(,le*sERS. -$n+ %i*en$l se)$+$i *e2$n++$l$n +elo()$n+ T -$n+ &e,$&.7. In&e'6$l ET1"In&e'6$l ET %iu*u' %$'i $3$l *o(,le*s ERS *e $*hi' +elo()$n+ T. 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S$%$,$n $>R &$* (en$(,$**$n ,$n%$n+$n *husus $&$s 6en&'i*el *i'i. Se)$+$i+$n&in-$. s$%$,$nini (elih$& )$+i$n%$l$(%in%in+en%o*$'%iu(%$'i su%u&,$n%$n+n-$ %i )$hu *$n$n.2.: S()5(Su()u *elis&'i*$n 2$n&un+ (e'u2u* *e $'$h u(u( (u*$ +elo()$n+ %e,ol$'is$si2$n&un+8$&$u'e'$&$6e*&o'lis&'i*9%i )i%$n+0'on&$l. /i$s$n-$)e'o'ien&$si %i $'$h)$hu*$n$n*e*$*i *i'i. -$n+)e'hu)un+$n%en+$n*u$%'$nin0e'io' *i'isis&e('u2u*$n he*s$*si$l. (es*i 430o hin++$ LD0o %i$n++$, no'($l.16 De6i$si su()u *i'i 8430o hin++$ 4D0o9 %$,$& (en$n%$*$n )lo* 0$s5i5ulus $n&e'io'*i'i $&$u +elo()$n+ E %$'i in0$'* o&o& 2$n&un+ in0e'io'. De6i$si su()u*$n$n8LD0ohin++$L1B0o9%$,$& (en$n%$*$n)lo*0$s5i5ulus,os&e'io' *i'i. +elo()$n+ E %$'iin0$'* o&o& 2$n&un+l$&e'$l $&$s. $&$u ,ol$ n$%$6en&'i*el *$n$n. D$l$(*e$%$$n)lo* 5$)$n+ )e'*$s *$n$n. %e6i$si *$n$n $&$u *i'i %$,$&(en$n%$*$n )lo* )i0$s5i5ulus.2.; R#.(%*1 T#'&'& M0.# B#"*)Re*$($n)ioele*&'i*se'in+&e'+$n++uolehle6el in&e'0e'ensi -$n+)e'le)ih$n.