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PROYEK AKHIR ARSITEKTUR
Periode L1X, Semester Genap, Tahun 2010/2011
LANDASANTEORIDANPROGRAM
SIRKUIT BALAP MOTOR (ROAD RACE)
Penekanan Desain
Ekspresi Bentuk Bangunan Modern
Permasalahan Dominan
Penataan Sirkulasi Pada Sirkuit Road Race 1, __ "
Ii
}?F)
Oiajukan untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan
memperoleh gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur
Disusun oleh :
Richie Santoso 06.11.0116
Pembimbing
Ir. BPR. Gandhi, MSA
PROGRAM STUDI ARSITEKTUR, FAKUL TAS ARSITEKTUR DAN DESAIN
PROYEK AKHIR ARSITEKTUR
Periode L1X, Semester Genap, Tahun 2010/2011
LANDASAN TEORI DAN PROGRAM
SIRKUIT BALAP MOTOR (ROAD RACE)
Penekanan Desain
Ekspresi Bentuk Bangunan Modern
Permasalahan Dominan
Penataan Sirkulasi Pada Sirkuit Road Race
Diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan
memperoleh gelar Sarjana Teknik Arsitektur
Disusun oleh :
Richie Santoso 06.11.0116
Pembimbing
Ir. BPR. Gandhi, MSA
PROGRAM STUDI ARSITEKTUR, FAKULTAS ARSITEKTUR DAN DESAIN
UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK SOEGIJAPRANATA
Maret, 2011
e .
C'
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN
PROYEK AKHIR ARSITEKTUR
Periode LlX, Semester GENAP Tahun 2010 I 2011
PROGRAM STUDI ARSITEKTUR, FAKUL TAS ARSITEKTUR DAN DESAIN
UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK SOEGIJAPRANATA
Judul
Penekanan Desain
Permasalan Dominan
Penyusun
Pembimbing
Penguji
Penguji
: Sirkuit Balap Motor (Road race)
: Ekspresi Bentuk Bangunan Modern
: Penataan Sirkulasi pada Sirkuit Roadrace
: Richie Santoso - 06.11.0116
: Ir. BPR. Gandhi, MSA
: 1. Dr. Ir. Rudyanto Soesilo, MSA
2. Dr. Ir. Krisprantono
3. Ir. Afriyanto Sotyan St, B., MTA, IAI
Semarang, 18 April 2011
Mengetahui dan mengesahkan
Ir. ePR. Gandhi. MSA
NPP. 058.1.1986.015
Dr. Ir. Rudyanto S .• MSA
NPP. 158.1.1989.046 NPP. 158.1.1989.046
Ir. Afriyanto Sotyan st. e .• MTA. IAI
NPP.058.1.1992.123
ii
<.
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN
PROYEK AKHIR ARSITEKTUR
Periode LlX, Semester GENAP Tahun 2010/2011
PROGRAM STUDI ARSITEKTUR, FAKUL TAS ARSITEKTUR DAN DESAIN
UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK SOEGIJAPRANATA
Judul
Penekanan Desain
Permasalan Dominan
Penyusun
Pembimbing
Penguji
: Sirkuit Roadrace
: Ekspresi Bentuk Bangunan Modern
: Penataan sirkulasi pada Sirkuit Roadrace
: Richie Santoso - 06.11.0116
: Ir. BPR Gandhi,. MSA
: 1. Dr. Ir. Rudyanto Soesilo, MSA
2. Dr. Ir. Krisprantono
3. Ir. Afriyanto Sotyan St, B., MTA, IAI
Semarang, 18 April 2011
Mengetahui dan mengesahkan
Dekan Ketua Koordinator
ur dan Desain Program Studi Arsitektur Proyek Akhir Arsitektur
NPP.058.1.1987.022 NPP. 058.1.2000.235
Ir. BPR. Gandhi. MSA
NPP.058.1.1986.015
iH
PRAKATA
Puji syukur kepada Tuhan Yesus Kristus, atas Iimpahan berkat, kasih dan
karunianya yang tak terbatas kepada penulis, serta orang tua yang selalu
memberikan dukungan baik moril, materiil, dan doa kepada penulis selama masa
perkuliahan berlangsung, sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan tugas Landasan
Teori dan Program (L TP) Proyek Akhir Arsitektur (PAA) 59, periode semester genap,
tahun ajaran 2010 /2011.
Penulisan Landasan Teori dan Program (L TP) ini dimaksudkan untuk memenuhi
persyaratan memperoleh gelar Sarjana Strata-1 Teknik Arsitektur.
Landasan Teori dan Program (L TP) yang disajikan berjudul "Sirkuit Balap Motor
(road race)" dengan tujuan untuk memberikan informasi dan pengetahuan bagi
masyarakat tentang pengadaan fasilitas bagi olahraga balap motor road race yang
memenuhi internasional.
Penulis juga mengucapkan terima kasih kepada pihak - pihak yang telah
memberikan kontribusi kepada penulis sehingga dapat menyelesaikan makalah L TP
ini dengan lancer, diantaranya :
1. Ir. Albertus Sidharta, MSA selaku Dekan Fakultas Arsitektur dan
Desain Unika Soegijapranata Semarang.
2. Moediartianto, ST, MSC selaku Ketua Program Studi Arsitektur Unika
Soegijapranata Semarang.
3. Ir. BPR. Gandhi, MSA selaku Koordinator PM dan juga sebagai dosen
pembimbing yang telah member masukan bagi penulis selama ini.
IV
<.
4. Dr. Ir. Rudyanto, MSA ; Ir. Afriyanto Sofyan St B, MT. IAI ; DR. Ir.
Krisprantono dan, selaku penguji yang telah memberi masukan pada
sidang tahap Landasan Teori dan Pemrograman (L TP).
5. Teman - teman PAA 59.
6. Teman - teman angkatan 2006 yang telah member dorongan
semangat dan doanya.
7. Pihak - pihak lain yang tidak mungkin untuk disebutkan satu persatu,
terima kasih atas dukungannya.
Akhir kata, penulis menyadari bahwa laporan L TP - PAA ini masih jauh dari
sempurna. Untuk itu penulis mengharapkan kritik dan saran yang membangun,
sehingga dapat menjadi pembelajaran dan perbaikan dalam kemajuan prestasi
penulis, Terima kasih.
Semarang, 25 Maret 2011
Penulis
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DAFTAR 151
Halaman Judul ...................................................................................................................... i
Halaman Pengesahan ..... ... .... ....... .. .... ....... ... .. ... ... ........ ..... ..... ....... ......... .. ... ....... ...... ....... .... ii
Prakata ................................................................................................................................ iv
Daftar lsi ......... ... ...... ......... .. ................. .......... ............ ... .. ... .... ..... ...... .... ... ..... ..... ...... ... .. .. ...... vi
Daftar Gambar ........ ........... ...... ....... ..... ....... .. ...... .. ... ...... ........ ........ ............................... .... . viii
Daftar Tabel ........ .. .................................................................................................... ..... .. .. xiii
Daftar Diagram ........................................................................ ... ........ .... .... ..... ...... ... .... .... .. xiv
Bab I : Pendahuluan
1.1. Latar Belakang Proyek ................. ........... .. ............ .................................................... 1
1.2. Tujuan dan Sasaran Pembahasan ............................................................... ............ 2
1.3. Lingkup Pembahasan ......................................... ..................................... .................. 4
1.4. Metoda Pembahasan ................................................................................................ 4
1.5. Sistematika Pembahasan ...................................... ............. ................................. ..... 8
Bab II : Tinjauan Proyek
2.1 . Tinjauan Umum ... ............................................. .............................. .. .... ....................... 9
2.1 .1. Gambaran Umum .......................................................................................... 9
2.1.2. Latar Belakang - Perkembangan - Trend .................................. ................ ..12
2.1.3. Sasaran yang akan Dicapai ............. . :: ......................................................... 14
2.2. Tinjauan Khusus ............................................. ........................................................... 15
2.2.1. Terminologi ...................................................................................................... 15
2.2.2. Kegiatan pelaku dan fasilitas, peralatan / prasarana ....................... ........... 15
2.2.3. Spesifikasi & Persyaratan desain .................................................. ................ .1.9.
2.2.4. Deskripsi konteks desa / Kota ......................................... .. ............................ J.e. 2.2.5. Studi banding / komparasi ..... ....................... .... .............................................. 2.1. 2.2.6. Permasalahan desain ..................................................... ...... ... ............ .. .. ....... 2.9.
2.3. Kesimpulan, Batasan, dan Anggapan ............................................ ......................... ~Q
2.3.1. Kesimpulan ............................................... ................................................ .... ... ~§.
2_3_2. Batasan .. _. __ ._ ...................................... _ ................................................... _ ......... ~Q.
2.3.3. Anggapan ..... ....... _ .. _ ......................................................................................... ~§.
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Bab III : Analisa Pendekatan Program Arsitektur
3.1. Analisa Pendekatan Kawasan .................................................................................. 27
3.1.1. Analisa konteks lingkungan .......................................................................... 27
3.1.2. Analisa skenario perencanaan kawasan ..................................................... 43
3.1.3. Analisa kondisi sistem sarana dan prasarana ....... ...................................... 46
3.2. Analisa Pendekatan Masing - masing fungsi ......................................................... 49
3.2.1. Analisa pendekatan Arsitektur ................................................... .................. .49
3.2.2. Analisa pendekatan sistem bangunan ... .. ................ .. .................................. 75
Bab IV : Program Arsitektur
4.1. Program Kawasan ... ............................................................... ................................... .99
4.1.1. Konsep program dan tema kawasan ........................................................... .99
4.1.2. Tujuan Perancangan (Design Objective L ........................................... ~ ....... 1 00
4.1.3. Faktor penentu perancangan (Design DeterminantL ................................ 1 00
4.1.4. Faktor Persyaratan Perancangan (Design RequirementL ....... .. ............... 1 01
4.1.5. Skenario program kawasan keseluruhan ......................................... ............ 103
'1 4.1.6. Program besaran luas kawasan ................................................................... 105
4.1.7. Program prasarana & Sarana kawasan ...... ................................................. 106
4.2. Program masing - masing fungsi ............................................................................. .1.Q.9.
4.2.1. Program Kegiatan .......................... ...................... ...... .................................... 109
4.2.2. Program Sistem Struktur ............................................................................... 117
4.2.3. Program Sistem Utilitas ................................................................................. 123
4.2.4. Program Tapak Kawasan ........................................................................... 131
Bab V : Kajian Teori
5.1 . Kajian Teori Penekanan Desain ............................................................................... 136
5.1.1. Uraian Interpretasi dan Elaborasi Teori Penekanan Desain ....................... 136
5.1.2. Studi Preseden ............................................................................................... 141
5.1.3. Kemungkinan penerapan teori penekanan desain ...................................... 142
5.2. Kajian Teori Permasalahan Dominan .................................. .................................... 143
5.2.1. Uraian Interpretasi dan Elaborasi Teori Penekanan Desain ...................... 143
5.2.2. Studi Preseden .............................................................................................. ..1.4.9. 5.2.3. Kemungkinan penerapan teori permasalahan desain ............................... ..1.4.9.
Daftar Pustaka ....................................................................................................................... """ 147
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DAFTAR GAM BAR
Gambar 11.1 Sirkuit Sepang Malaysia ................................................................... ............... 9
Gambar 11.2 Logo IMI Jawa Tengah .................................................................................... 10
Gambar 11.3 Peta Administratif Kota Semarang ................................................................ 18
Gambar IIA Tribun dan lintasan sirkuit Sentul .................................................................. 21
Gambar 11.5 Paddock sirkuit Sentul 22
Gambar 11.6 Paddock sirkuit Sentul ..................................................................................... 22
Gambar 11.7 Tribun sirkuit Sentul .......................................................................................... 22
Gambar 11.8 Ruang breefing sirkuit Sentul ......................................................................... 22
Gambar 11.9 Peta udara serkuit Tawang mas Semarang ............................................... 23
Gambar 11.10 Lintasan sirkuit tawang mas Semarang .. ................................................... 23
Gambar 11.11 Lintasan sirkuit tawang mas Semarang ..................................................... 23
Gambar 11.12 Keadaan sirkuit tawang mas Semarang .................................................... 24
Gambar 11.13 Control tower sirkuit tawang mas Semarang ........................................... 24
Gambar 11.14 Lintasan sirkuit tawang mas Semarang ..................................................... 24
Gambar 111.1 Peta lahan terbangun dan non terbangun kota Semarang .................... 27
Gambar 111.2 Peta tata guna lahan kota Semarang tahun 2000-2010 ......................... 29
Gambar 111.3 Peta RDTRK BWK IX tahun 2000-2010 ..................................................... 30
Gambar lilA Peta RDTRK BWK II tahun 2000-2010 ....................................................... 32
Gambar 111.5 Masterplan kota BSB ...................................................................................... 35
Gambar 111.6 Kondisi eksisting alternatif site I & 11 ............................................................ 35
Gambar 111.7 Peta perencanaan kawasan BSB ................................................................ 36
Gambar 111.8 Suasana alternatif site 1... ............................................................................... 36
Gambar 111.9 Peta perencanaan pengembangan kawasan BSB .................................. 38
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Gambar 111.10 Peta perencanaan pengembangan kawasan BSB ................................ 39
Gambar 111.11 Gardu listrik yang tersedia di kawasan BSB .......................................... .46
~I Gambar 111.13 Akses jalan dari jalan jrakah ...................................................................... .4 7
Gambar 111.14 Bangunan pengelolaan air bersih ............................................................. .4 7
Gambar 111.15 Fasilitas yang direncanakan BSB .............................. ............................... .48
Gambar 111.16 Aktivitas balap motor .................................................................................... 50
Gambar 111.17 Scrutineering ....................................................... .......................................... 51
Gambar 111.18 Breefing pembalap ................................... ..................................................... 51
Gambar 111.19 Suasana paddock .......................................................................................... 51
Gambar 111.20 Stand bazar sirkuit ......................................................................................... 52
Gambar 111.21 Stand pameran sirkuit ................................................................................... 52
Gambar 111.22 Ruang media cente~ ..................................................................................... .52
Gambar 111.23 Ruang pers confrence ........................................................... ....................... 53
Gambar 111.24 Tim med is sirkuit .............. ...................................... .. .................................... 53
Gambar 111.25 Stand bazar sirkuit ......................................................................................... 53
Gambar 111.26 Green roof pad a suatu bangunan .................................................. .. .......... 75
Gambar 111.27 Atap dak pada pit building sirkuit di India ................................................. 75
Gambar 111.28 Atap pada grandstand sepang malaysia .................................................. 76
Gambar 111.29 Atap cangkang pada grand stand sirkuit di India ................................... 76
Gambar 111.30 Plat Lantai beton dengan balok T Plat .................................................... .78
Gambar 111.31 Steel Floordeck .............................................................................................. 78
Gambar 111.32 Jenis pondasi tiang pancang ............. .................................................. ....... 79
Gambar 111.33 Pondasi Sum uran .......................................................................................... 80
Gambar 111.34 Lantai Karpet bermotif.. ....................................................... .. ....................... 81
Gambar 111.35 Lantai Keramik ............................................................................................... 81
Gambar 111.36 Dinding kaca sepang malaysia ................................................................... 82
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Gambar 111.37 Pemasangan dinding conblock ___ ___ ___ __ ____ ______ ___ _______________ ___ ______ ____ ______________ 82
Gambar 111_ 38 Dind ing panel _____ _________ __ ___ __ ____________ _______ ___ _________ ___ __________ ___ ___________ ____ _____ ______ ____ 83
Gambar 111.39 Plafond Pappajohn's - des, moines, IA _______________ __ ___________ ___ ____________________ 83
Gambar 111_ 40 Generator set ______ ______ __________________ __ _____________ ____ ____ __ _____ __ _______________ _________ __ ________ 84
Gambar 111.41 Automatic Main Panel. __________ _______________________ ___ ____ ____ __ ________________ ___________ ________ _ 84
Gambar 111.42 Sistem Down Feed distribution. ___________________ ________________________________________ ___ ____ 85
Gambar 111.43 Sistem Up Feed d istribution _________________ ____ ___________________________ __________ ___ ___________ 85
Gambar 111.44 Sistem komunikasi untuk security. _______________________ ___ ____ ___________ __ __ __ __ ____ _______ _ 87
Gambar 111_45 Hydrant Fire hydrant _________ _____ _____ _________ ___ __ _____ _________________ ____________ _____________ ____ _ 88
Gambar 111.46 System hose rea'- ______ ______ ____________________________________ _________ _______________ ___ ___ ____________ 88
Gambar 111.47 Stand pipe hose system _______________________________ ____ ________ __ ________ __ ___ ____ ___ ____ ____ ___ ___ 88
Gambar 111.48 S prinkler ___ _____ __ _ . __ _ . _____ _ . ______________________________ ____ ____ __________________________ _____ ________ ______ _ 89
Ga mbar 111.49 Smoke Detector_. __ . ___ __________________________________________________ ________ . _____ ____________ .. __ _____ 89
Gambar 111 .50 Heat Detector ________ . ___________ __________ ____________ _________ __ _______ ________ __________ _____ _________ ____ _ 89
Gambar 111_ 51 Pintu darurat bangunan. ___ _________ ___ ______ ___ __________________ _________ _____________ _______________ 89
Gambar III_52 Alaram __________________________________________ ________ __ ____ ___ __ __ ___ __________________ ______ ______ ____ ___ _______ 90
Gambar 111 _ 53 T angga ______________ __ ___________________________________ ________________________________________________________ __ 90
Gambar III_54 Standart ramp ___ __ ____________ _______ ______ __ ____ __ ______________________ ___ ___ _____________ ~ _____ __ __________ 91
Gambar 111.55 Penangkal Petir Franklin Rod _____ _____________________________ ________ ___________________________ 92
Gambar 111.56 Penangkal Petir Franklin Rod __ _________ _____________________ _____________________________________ 92
Gambar 111.57 Penangkal Petir Faraday Cage __ ____ ____________________________________________________________ 92
Gambar 111.58 Alat Pendektor Logam __ _____ ___________________________________________________________________________ .92
Gambar 111.59 CCTV _____ _____ __ _________ ____ ____ ______ _____________________________________________________________________________ 92
Gambar 111.60 Bukaan dinding yang lebar ______________________________ _________ _________________ __ ___ ___ _____ __ __ .93
Gambar 111.61 Cara kerja ac split __ __ ____________________________ ___ ___ ___ _______ _____ __ _____________ __________ . ___ _____ _ 95
Ga mbar 111 .62 Cara kerja ac centraL __ ____ .. _. _____ ____ ___ _________ _______________ _________ __ __ ___ ____ _____ ___________ .95
Gambar 111.63 AC split_._. __________________ ._ .. _________________________________________________ ____ _____ __ _________ ______ ____ ____ .95
x
Gambar 111.64 Exhaust van ..................................................................................................... 96
Gambar 111.65 Rainwater treatment ................................................................................... 97
Gambar 111.66 Cara Kerja Solar CeiL ................................................................................. 97
Gambar IV.1 Gardu listrik yang tersedia di kawasan B8B ........................................... ..1 06
Gambar IV.2 Akses jalan menuju site dari jalan jrakah ................................................. ..1 07
Gambar IV.3 Bangunan pengelolaan air bersih .............................................................. ..1 07
Gambar IVA Fasilitas yang direncanakan BSB .............................................................. ..1 08
Gambar IV.5 Green roof pada suatu bangunan .............................................................. ..117
Gambar IV.6 Atap cangkang pada grand stand sirkuit di India ..................................... 117
Gambar IV.7 Plat Lantai beton dengan balok T Plat ... ................................................... 11 9
Gambar IV.8 Jenis pondasi tiang pancang ............................................................... ....... ..119
Gambar IV.9 Lantai Karpet bermotif.. ........................... ................................ ..................... ..120
Gambar IV.1 0 Lantai Keramik 120
Gambar IV.11 Dinding kaca sepang malaysia ................................................................ ..121
Gambar IV.12 Pemasangan dinding conblock ................................................................ ..122
Gambar IV.13 Dinding panel ............................................................................................... ..122
Gambar IV.14 Plafond Pappajohn's - des, moines, IA ................................................. 123
Gambar IV.15 Generator set ............................................................................................... ..124
Gambar IV.16 Automatic Main Panel 124
Gambar IV.17 Sistem Down Feed distribution ................................................................ 125
Gambar IV.18 Sistem Up Feed distribution ...................................................................... ..125
Gambar IV.1 9 Sistem komunikasi untuk securitY.. ......................................................... ..127
Gambar IV.20 Hydrant Fire hydrant ................................................................................. ..128
Gambar IV.21 System hose real ................................................................................. ......... 128
Gambar IV.22 Stand pipe hose system ............................................................................ 128
Gambar IV.23 Smoke Detector ........................................................................................... ..129
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Gambar IV.24 Alaram ........................................................................................................... 129
Gambar IV.25 Tangga ..................... ........................................................................................ 129
Gambar IV.26 Standart ramp ................................................................................................ 130
." Gambar IV.27 Peta RDTRK BWK IX T ahun :2000-2010 .............................................. ..131
Gambar IV.28 Peta CAD perencanaan kawasan BSB .................................................. ..132
Gambar IV.29 Grass Block .................................................................................................... 133
Gambar IV.30 Rumput manila ............................................................................................. 133
Gambar IV.31 Batu sebagai penghias .............................................................................. ..134
Gambar IV.32 Proses pengaspalan ................................................................................... 134
Gambar IV.33 Pohon bambu ................. ________ . ______ ... ____ . ______ . ________ ..... __ ....... ____ ... ____ .. __ .... __ ... __ 134
Gambar IV.34 filicium ..... __ ... ____ . ____ ......................... __ ....... __ ...................................... __ ........ ____ . 135
Gam ba r IV. 35 G lodo ka n .. __ ... ______________ ....... ____ ..... ____ .... __ . ____ .. ______ ............. ________ . __________ ... __ . ______ .135
Gambar V.1 Sirkuit JayPee india .. __ .......... ____ .... ____ ...... __ . __ . __________ .... __ __ ________________________________ 141
Gambar V.2 Master plan sirkuit Sepang Malaysia & fasilitas sirkuit .. __ . ____________________ . 145
xii
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabellll.1 Wilayah Kota Semarang ................................. .................................................... 28
Tabellll.2 Tabel Penilaian Tapak ......................................................................................... 34
Tabellll.3 Tabel Penilaian Tapak ........................................................................................ .42
xiii
DAFTAR DIAGRAM
Diagram 1.1 Skema Kerangka pemikiran pembahasan .... ............................................... 6
Diagram 111.1 Analisis skenario pembalap, pengelola ..................................................... .43
Diagram 111.2 Analisis skenario Penonton/pengunjung ................................................... .44
Diagram 111.3 Rencana skenario keseluruhan .................................................................. .45
Diagram IliA Garis besar aktivitas ....................................................................................... 50
Diagram 111.5.Aliran Jaringan Listrik .................................................................................... 84
Diagram 111.6 Aliran Jaringan Air Bersih .............................................................................. 85
Diagram 111.7 Aliran Jaringan Air Koto~ ............................................................................... 86
Diagram 111.8.Sistem Komunikasi dengan PC ................................................................... 87
Diagram 111.9.Sistem Pengeras Suara ................................................................................. 87
Diagram 111.10 Sistem Penanganan Kebakaran ................................................................ 90
Diagram IV.1 Analisis skenario pembalap, pengelola ................................................. .. ..1 03
Diagram IV.2.Aliran Jaringan Listrik .. ................................................................................. 123
Diagram IV.3.Aliran Jaringan Air Bersih ........................................................................... 125
Diagram IVA Aliran Jaringan Air Kotor ............................................................................ 126
Diagram IV.5 Sistem Komunikasi dengan PC .. : .............................................................. ..126
Diagram IV.6 Sistem Pengeras Suara .............................................................................. ..127
Diagram IV. l.Sistem Penanganan Kebakaran ............................................................... 129
Diagram V.1 Penekanan desain ......................................................................................... ..136
Diagram V.2 Permasalahan desain ..................................................................................... 144
xiv