Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
Transcript of Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
1/244
LAMPIRAN III
SPESIFIKASI PERALATAN
1. ACCUMULATOR-01 (ACC-01)
Fungsi : Tempat menampung kondensat yang berasal dari kondensor-01
Tipe: Silinder horizontal dengan penutup ellipsoidal
Gambar :
input
output
ACC - 01
Kondisi Operasi:
Tekanan = 1atm
Temperatur = !"#o
$%a&u alir = '0('1"1')kg*&am
+ensitas = )1",kg*m'
esiden.e Time = / menit = 0"0' &am
Tekanan +esain = ' atm
Perhitungan e!ain A""u#u$at%r-01
a. Ka&a!ita! A""u#u$at%r' t
olume liuid = %a&u alir*+ensitas 2 holding time
= 3'0('1"1') kg*&am4*3 )1",kg*m'4 2 0"0' &am
= '"50'm'*&am
Faktor keamanan = 106
Kapasitas a..( = 1"1 2 '"50'm'
= !,"))5! m'
olume 7..umulator = Kapasitas a.. 2 esiden.e Time
= !,"))5! 3m'*&am4 2 0"0' &am = 0")1'0 m'
. e!ain U*uran A""u#u$at%r
,,'
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
2/244
,,!
%$u#e Si$in+er' !
s =
sil inder L D (!
,⋅π
+imana: %silinder = '(+
=
'(
!
' Dπ
%$u#e E$$i&!%i+a$' e
e =,!
4(3 ' Dπ
%$u#e T%ta$ A""u#u$at%r' T
T = s 8 ,(e
ia#eter A""u#u$at%r'
+ =
'
!0,"'
accT V
=
'
#1#)",
)1'0"0
= 0"0#!' m
Sehingga"
! = 0"#!, m'
e = 0"0,)m'
T = 0"#5/ m'
". Pan,ang A""u#u$at%r
% = ' ( +
= ' ( 0"#!' m
= 1"5!!5m
Pan,ang E$$i&!%i+a$' L
h =
D⋅!
1
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
3/244
,,/
=
m#!'"0!
1⋅
= 0"1#,1 m
Pan,ang T%ta$ A""u#u$at%r' LT
%T = % 8 ,h
= 31"5!!58 3,( 0"1#,144 m
= ,",#51 m
+. Tea$ in+ing A""u#u$at%r
Ketea$an in+ing agian Si$in+er' t!i$in+er
t =
Cc P EjS
r P i +− (#"0(((
+imana:
t = ketebalan dinding bagian head" m
9 = tekanan design = 1 atm = 1!"#5# psi
r = &ari &ari = 0"',! m = 1,")#, inS = working stress yang diizinkan = 5',",,# atm= 1')00 psi
$ = ;aktor korosi yang diizinkan = 0"00'0,,# m = 0"115 in
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
4/244
,,#
aka didapatkan:
t =
in psi psi
in psi115"0
4#5#"1!,"034/"0)00(1'(3,
4/,!",/43#5#"1!3+
⋅−⋅
= 0"1'/ in = 0"00'!,'1 m
Sehingga"
O+ = >+ 8 ,(tsilinder
= 30"#!' 8 3,( 0"00'!,'144 m
= 0"#//m
IENTIFIKASI
?ama 7lat 7..umulator
Kode 7lat 7$$-01
@umlah 1 Anit
FungsiTempat menampung kondensat yang berasal
dari kondensor-01 3$+-014
ATA ESI/N
TipeSilinder Borizontal dengan penutup ellipsoidal
penutup elipsoidalKapasitas 0")1 m'
Tekanan 1 atm
Temperatur !"# o$
+iameter 0"#/ m
9an&ang ,",) m
Tebal +inding 0"00'! m
Caktu Tinggal / menit
ahan K%n!tru*!i Car%n !tee$
. ACCUMULATOR-0 (ACC-0)
Fungsi : Tempat menampung kondensat yang berasal dari kondensor-0,
Tipe: Silinder horizontal dengan penutup ellipsoidal
Gambar :
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
5/244
,,)
Kondisi Operasi:
Tekanan = 1atm
Temperatur = ##"0#o$
%a&u alir = '0(/!"!'5kg*&am+ensitas = )1",kg*m'
esiden.e Time = / menit = 0"0' &am
Tekanan +esain = ' atm
Perhitungan e!ain A""u#u$at%r-0
a. Ka&a!ita! A""u#u$at%r' t
olume liuid = %a&u alir*+ensitas 2 holding time
= 3'0(/!"!'5 kg*&am4*3 )1",kg*m'4 2 0"0' &am
= '5"10!m'*&am
Faktor keamanan = 106
Kapasitas a..( = 1"1 2 '5"10!m'
= !'"01/ m'
olume 7..umulator = Kapasitas a.. 2 esiden.e Time
= !'"01/ 3m'*&am4 2 0"0' &am = 0")1# m'
. e!ain U*uran A""u#u$at%r
%$u#e Si$in+er' !
s = sil inder L D (
!
,⋅π
+imana: %silinder = '(+
=
'(!
' Dπ
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
6/244
,,
%$u#e E$$i&!%i+a$' e
e =
,!
4(3 ' Dπ
%$u#e T%ta$ A""u#u$at%r' T
T = s 8 ,(e
ia#eter A""u#u$at%r'
+ =
'
!0,"'
accT V
=
'
#1#)",
)1#"0
= 0"#!5 m
Sehingga"
s = 0"#!/ m'
e = 0"0,) m'
T = 0"#55 m'
". Pan,ang A""u#u$at%r
% = ' ( +
= ' ( 0"#!5/ m
= 1"5!/m
Pan,ang E$$i&!%i+a$' L
h =
D⋅!
1
=
m#!5/"0!
1 ⋅
= 0"1#,! m
Pan,ang T%ta$ A""u#u$at%r' LT
%T = % 8 ,h
= 31"5!/8 3,( 0"1#,!44 m
= ,",)', m
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
7/244
,,5
+. Tea$ in+ing A""u#u$at%r
Ketea$an in+ing agian Si$in+er' t!i$in+er
t =
Cc P EjS
r P i +− (#"0(((
+imana:
t = ketebalan dinding bagian head" m
9 = tekanan design = 1 atm = 1!"#5# psi
r = &ari &ari = 0"',! m = 1,")/ in
S = working stress yang diizinkan = 5',",,# atm= 1')00 psi$ = ;aktor korosi yang diizinkan = 0"00'0,,# m = 0"115 in
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
8/244
,'0
IENTIFIKASI
?ama 7lat 7..umulator
Kode 7lat 7$$-0,
@umlah 1 Anit
FungsiTempat menampung kondensat yang berasal
dari kondensor-0, 3$+-0,4
ATA ESI/N
TipeSilinder Borizontal dengan penutup ellipsoidal
penutup ellipsoidalKapasitas 0")1 m'
Tekanan 1 atm
Temperatur ##"0# o$
+iameter 0"#!5 m
9an&ang ,",) m
Tebal +inding 0"00'! m
Caktu Tinggal / menit
ahan K%n!tru*!i Car%n !tee$
. CILLER-01 (C-01)
Fungsi : engkondensasikan sebagian produk top Flash aporizer
Tipe : Shell and tube Beat
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
9/244
,'1
Gambar :
Aliran inlet
Aliran outletWater in
ShellTube
HeadRear End
9anas : 9roduk top -01
C = /!(/!1"#/ kg*&am = 1,0(,!'"#' lb*&am
T1 = 1)5"#0 o$ = '//",5 oF
T, = /0"00 o$ = 1,,"00 oF
Fluida +ingin : 7mmonia
E = 11(0)"0 kg*&am = ,!(!,!"/# lb*&am
t1 = -''"#/ o$ = -,"/) oF
t, = /0"00 o$ = 1,,"00 oF
9erhitungan:
1. ean Pana! C-01
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
10/244
,',
= 1/(105(///"1! k@*&am = 1!(',1('0!")# Dtu*hr
. LMT
Fluida 9anas
3oF4 Komponen Fluida +ingin 3o
F4 Selisih'//",5 Suhu tinggi 1,, ,''"'1,,"00 Suhu rendah -,"# 1/0"/),''",5 Selisih 1/1 ,"),
%T+ 3T4 =4*ln3
-
1,
1,
T T
T T
∆∆∆∆
39ers( /(1!4
= 1"5, oF
. T" +an t"
T. = H 3,',"/, 8 ,',"/,4 = ,'"#!oF
t. = H 31!0 8 #4 = !#"), oF
• 7sumsi"A+ = /0 Dtu * &am ;t,oF 3Table "
Kern4
7 =4(3 T U
Q
D ∆ = 1(/!)"0# ;t,
Karena 7 I ,00 ;t," maka dipilih B< dengan &enis Shell and Tube Beat
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
11/244
,''
=
,#1("0,0
1/!)"0#
×
= ,5/"!)
dari tabel 5 Kern" didapat nilai yang mendekati ?t perhitungan ,5/
?t =,5/
- Koreksi A+
7 =?t 2 % 2 aLL
=1(/!)"0#;t,
A+ =
A+ =!5 3?ilai A+ sudah mendekati A+ asumsi4
karena nilai Ad perhitungan mendekati dengan nilai Ad asumsi" maka data
untuk shell :
- Shell side
>+ =,5in.h 3Tabel 5( Kern4Da;;le Spa.e 3D = >+*,4 =1!"/in.h
9ass =1
9t =1",/ in triangular pit.h
F$ui+a Pana! 2 Tue Si+e' a$iran t%& F$a!h a&%ri3er
4. F$%5 area +a$a# tue (a6t) = 0"/)# in.h,3Tabel(10" Kern4
7. T%ta$ 8$%5 area (at) = ?t 2 aMt * 1!! 2 n 39ers()(!"
Kern4
=,1!!
0"/)#,5/
x
x
= 1"115 ;t'
9. La,u a$ir' Gt =at
W
F
7(Gt
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
12/244
,'!
=115"1
,!(!,/
= ,0(###"10 lb* hr( ;t,
:. i$angan Re;n%$+' Ret
9ada T. = !#")1 oF
N = 0"00, lb*;t &am 3aEsM" ,01,4
+ = 0"/#*1, = 0"0) ;t3Tabel(10" Kern4
et = µ
ae D (
=0(00,
,0(###"100)(0 x
= '0!(/'"0,
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
13/244
,'/
= 10)"!,'
1
)"0
= 51"5/ Dtu * hr( ;t,o
F
F$ui+a ingin 2 She$$ Si+e' a$iran a##%nia
. F$%5 area &a+a !he$$ (a!)
as =
( )
41!!3
Pt
$ xC x #D
39ers()(1" Kern4
= 0"/! ;t,
7. La,u a$ir #a!!a +a$a# !he$$' /!
Gs = sa
W
39ers()(," Kern4
=0"/!
1,0(,!'"#
= ,0/(#"' lb*hr(;t,
9. i$angan Re;n%$+' R e!? @ /! = µ
9ada T. = ,'"#!oF
N = 0"011# .9
= 0"0,0 lb*;t ( &am
.9 = 0"'!55 Dtu*lb(⁰F
k = 0"00/' Dtu*hr(;t⁰F
'1
(
k
c µ
=
'
1
00/'"00,0"00"'!55
x
= 1",,!)
+e = 0"),0 in.h = 0"0#0 ;t 3Fig(," Kern4
es= =
µ
DS
=
0,"0
0#"0 ,0/(#"' ×
= !!1(15/"/,
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
14/244
,'#
&B = !,0 3Fig(," Kern4
:. K%e8i!ien Per&in+ahan Pana!' h%
Koreksi Piskositas diabaikan karena tidak signi;i.ant" maka diperoleh :ho = &B ( 3k*+4( 3.N*k41*' 39ers( #(," Kern4
= !/"#5 Dtu * &am ;t,oF
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
15/244
,')
= 0"0) psi
Shell Side
1( Faktor Friksi
e = !!1(15/"/,
; = 0"00051 3Fig(,5" Kern4
,( ?umber o; .ross' 3? 8 14
? 8 1 = 1, % * D 39ers()(!'" Kern4
= 15"#,
+s = >+ * 1,= ') * 1, = ,"!1#) ;t
s = '"5/
9s = s Des
' Ds &s
φ 10
,
10,,"/
413
×+
39ers( 1,(!)"Kern4
= 1"!'/ psi
IENTIFIKASI
?ama 7lat
Kode 7lat
@umlah
Operasi
Fungsi
$hiller
$B 01
1
Kontinyu
enurunkan temperature keluaran dari
reaktor 01 3-014ATA ESI/N
Tipe Shell and Tube Beat +
O+
DCG
9it.h
Duah
,0 ;t
0"/',/ in
1 in
1/
1 in triangular pit.h
>+
Da;;le Spa.e
$learan.e
∆9s
,5 in
1!"/ in
0"'1 in
1"!'/ psi
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
16/244
,'
9ass
∆9T
!
0"00) psi+irt Fa.tor" d 0"001,
Dahan konstruksi $arbon Steel
4. CONENSER B 01 (C B 01)
Fungsi : engkondensasikan produk top kolom distilasi - 01
Tipe : Shell and Tube Beat
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
17/244
,'5
Perhitungan e!ain 2
9anas yang ditrans;er pada $+-01
= 10'(1)'(#5,"/1,0 k@*&am
= 5)()51(,,!"1/ Dtu*&am
14 enghitung ∆T 3%T+4
Fluida 9anas 3oF4Temperatur
Fluida +ingin 3oF4Selisih
1!5 Tinggi 1'1 1"01!5 endah ,"! ##(#00 Selisih !5 -!"#
∆T = '#"))/0oF
,4 T. dan t.
T. = TaPg,
F'0,43'5,
o+=
= 1!5oF
t. = taPg
,
F,"!04'113
o+=
= 10#")0oF
7sumsi A+ = ,/0 Dtu*&am ;t,(oF ((3Kern" tabel 4
Sehingga diperoleh :
7T(A
+ ∆=
?F43'#"))/0F4(Dtu*&am(;t,/03
Dtu*&am "1/5)()51(,,! oo,
7 ? 10(#'#"#5'/ ;t,
'4 Karena 7 I ,00 ;t," maka digunakan Shell and Tube
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
18/244
,!0
!4 @umlah Tube
?tLL%(a
7
=
=*;t;t0"',)1;t,0
;t /10(#'#"#5'
,
,
×
= 1#,/"51
7mbil ?t pada tabel 5 Kern yang mendekati" sesuai dengan ukuran tube yang
telah dipilih" ?t = 1#,#
/4 Koreksi A+
7 = ?t ( % ( aMM
= 1(#,# 2 1# ;t 2 0"',)1 ;t,*;t
= 10(#'#"#5'/ ;t,
A+ =T
Q
∆×7
=F')"1!#/;t /10(#'#"#5'
Dtu*&am "1/5)()51(,,!o, ×
= ,!)"/0 Dtu*&am ;t,(oF
Karena A+ mendekati asumsi" maka dari tabel 5 Kern diperoleh data sebagai
berikut :
?t = 1(#,#
9T = 1 in triangular pit.h
$MM = 39T O+ tube4
= 31 in 0")/ in4
$MM = 0",/ in
>+ Shell = ,1",/ in
Tube 9asses = 1
Tube O+ = 0")/ in
Da;;le Spa.e = 10"# in
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
19/244
,!1
TUE SIE 2 F$ui+a Pana!' &r%+u* K - 01
#4 FloE area" at
aMt = 0"5/ in, ((( 3Kern" tabel 104
at =n(;t*in1!!
aL( ?
,,
tt
=!;t*in1!!
in0"5/ 1(#,#
,,
,
××
= ,")0! ;t,
)4 %a&u alir massa" Gt
Gt =ta
E
=
,;t,")0!
lb*&am ,()1#(55
= 5))(1//"!, lb*&am ;t,
54 eynold ?umber 3 et4µ = 0"/1/5 .9 = 1",!0 lb*&am ;t
+ = 1"1,0 in = 0"05'' ;t ((( 3Kern" tabel 104
et = µ
+(G t
=
;tlb*&am",!01
;t0"05'';tlb*&am 5))(1//"!, , ×
et = )'(0!5"''
&B = 150 ((( 3Kern" gambar ,!4
104 9ada taPg = 10#")oF
$p = 0"5/#) Dtu*lb(oF
k = 0"10', Dtu*&am(;t(oF
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
20/244
,!,
9randtl ?umber 39r4 =
k
µ $p(
=
×
F(Dtu*&am(;t0"10',;tlb*&am,!0"1FDtu*lb(0"5/#)
o
o
= 11"/)'
114 hio
hi =
1!"0'
1
$p( &B
w D
k
k µ
µ µ
= 150 2
( )
×
;t0"05''
F(Dtu*&am(;t0"10',11"/)'
o
'1
2 1
= !)!",#Dtu*&am(;t,(oF
hio = hi 2 3>+*O+4
= !)!",#Dtu*&am(;t,(oF 2 30"05'' ;t *0"10!, ;t4
= !,/"!!! Dtu*&am(;t,(oF
SELL SIE 2 F$ui+a ingin' air &en+ingin
TaPg = 1!5oF
Da;;le spa.ing = 10"#' in
$learan.e = 0"'1 in
1,4 %uas area laluan 37s4
7s = Pt
$C #D
×××
1!!
L
=in/#,/"1;t*in1!!
in#'"10in0"'1in,1",/,, ×
××
= 0"'1! ;t,
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
21/244
,!'
1'4 %a&u alir 3Gs4
Gs =
s A
W
=
,;t0"'1'#
lb*&am #)(#'#"!
= ,1!(1#"5/ lb*&am ;t,
1!4 eynold ?umber 3 es4
iskositas 3 µ
4 = 0"00## .9 = 0"01#1 lb*;t &am
+iameter
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
22/244
,!!
1:) ho =
1!"0'
1
$p( &B
w D
k
k µ
µ µ
= ,()1'"0! Dtu*&am(;t,(oF
14 $lean oPerall .oe;isien .ondensation" A.
A. =hohio
ho2hio
+
=
F(Dtu*&am(;t4,()1'"0! !!!"!,/3
F(Dtu*&am(;t4,()1'"0!2!,/"!!!3o,
o,
+
= '#)")# Dtu*&am(;t,( oF
154 +irt ;a.tor" d
d =+$
+$
AA
A-A
×
= 0"001' &am ;t, oF*Dtu
PRESSURE ROP
TUE SIE 2 F$ui+a Pana!
,04∆9t
et = )'(0!5"'
Gt = 5))(1//"!,lb*&am ;t,
; = 0"0001) R 3Kern" gambar ,#4
s = "5!
∆9t =t
10
,
t
s(+((10(,,"/
n(%(G(;
Φ
=15!";t0"05''10(,,"/
1;t,04;tlb*&am5))(1//"!,30"0001)
10
,,
××××××
= 0"0)!/ psi
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
23/244
,!/
,14∆9r
g(,
P,
= 0"00/! R 3Kern" gambar ,)4s = "5!
∆9r =g,
P 2
s
n(!
,
=
0"00/!2"5!
1!
×
= 0"005) psi
,,4∆9T
∆9T = ∆9t 8 ∆9r
= 30"00/!8 0"005)4 psi
= 0"0!, psi
SELL SIE 2 F$ui+a ingin
,'4 es = 1(01!(/'"!/'
; = 0"0005
,!4 @umlah %intasan
?t 8 1D
%(1, =
= ,)1"0#
! ? I She$$
? 1'::0< 8t
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
24/244
,!#
,/4∆9s
Gs = ,1!(1#"5/ lb*&am ;t,
s = 1,
P! ?t
10
t
,
s
s((+e(10,,"/
143?(+e(G(;
φ
+
=1,;t1"))010(/(,,
,)1"0#;t1"))04;tlb*&am /3,1!(1#"50"0005
10
,,
×××××
= 0"!15) psi
IENTIFIKASI
?ama 7lat
Kode 7lat
@umlah
Operasi
Fungsi
$ondenser
$+ 01
1
Kontinyu
engkondensasikan produk Top K+ - 01ATA ESI/N
Tipe Shell and Tube Beat +
O+
DCG
9it.h
9ass∆9T
1#,# buah
,0 ;t
0"/',/ in
1",/ in
1#
1 in triangular pit.h
!0"0!, psi
>+
Da;;le Spa.e
$learan.e
∆9s
,1",/ in
10"#' in
0"'1 in
0"!15) psi
+irt Fa.tor" d 0"001'Dahan konstruksi $arbon Steel
7. CONENSER B 0 (C B 0)
Fungsi : engkondensasikan produk top kolom distilasi - 0,
Tipe : Shell and Tube Beat
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
25/244
,!)
F$ui+a Pana! 2 Pr%+u* T%& K B 01E = '0(/!"!'51 kg*&am = #)('!)")0 lb*&am
T1 = ##"0#,!o$ = 1/0"51oF
T, = ##"0#,!o$ = 1/0"51oF
F$ui+a ingin 2 Air &en+ingin
C = '(!!,"0)'5 kg*&am = )(/"!# lb*&am
t1 = ,o$ = ,"!0oF
t, = //o
$ = 1'1o
F
Perhitungan e!ain 2
14 9anas yang ditrans;er pada $+-0,
? 4.99.40:':4 *D=,a#
= !(!,0(1,,"!' Dtu*&am
,4 enghitung ∆T 3%T+4
Fluida 9anas 3oF4Temperatur
Fluida +ingin 3oF4Selisih
1/0"51 Tinggi 1'1 1"01/0"51 endah ,"! #"/10"0000 Selisih !5 -!"#
∆T = '5"''0)oF
'4 T. dan t.
Eater int1
FeedinT1
Eater outt,
FeedoutT,
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
26/244
,!
T. = TaPg,
F'0,43'5,
o+=
= 1/0"51oF
t. = taPg
,
F,"!04'113 o
+= = 10#")0oF
7sumsi A+ = ,/0 Dtu*&am ;t,(oF ((( 3Kern" tabel 4
Sehingga diperoleh :
7T(A
+ ∆=
?F43'"5')!F4(Dtu*&am(;t,/03
Dtu*&am !'!(!,0(1,,"
oo,
7 ? !/!"0)! ;t,
!4 Karena 7 I ,00 ;t," maka digunakan Shell and Tube
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
27/244
,!5
= #5 2 1# ;t 2 0"',)1 ;t,*;t
= !/!"0)! ;t,
A+ =T
Q
∆×7
=F'5"''0);t!/!"0)!
Dtu*&am !'!(!,0(1,,"o, ×
= ,!)"/0 Dtu*&am ;t,(oF
Karena A+ mendekati asumsi" maka dari tabel 5 Kern diperoleh data sebagai
berikut:
?t = #59T = 1 in triangular pit.h
$MM = 39T O+ tube4
= 31 in 0")/ in4
$MM = 0",/ in
>+ Shell = ,1",/ in
Tube 9asses = 1
Tube O+ = 0")/ inDa;;le Spa.e = 10"# in
TUE SIE 2 F$ui+a Pana!' &r%+u* K - 01
)4 FloE area" at
aMt = 0"5/ in, ((( 3Kern" tabel 104
at =
n(;t*in1!!
aL( ?
,,
tt
=!;t*in1!!
in0"5/ #5
,,
,
××
= 0"11) ;t,
4 %a&u alir massa" Gt
Gt =ta
E
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
28/244
,/0
=
,;t0"11)
lb*&am )(/
= #'(5',")/ lb*&am ;t
,
54 eynold ?umber 3 et4
µ = 0"/1/5 .9 = 1",!0 lb*&am ;t
+ = 1"1,0 in = 0"05'' ;t ((( 3Kern" tabel 104
et = µ
+(G t
=;tlb*&am",!01
;t0"05'';tlb*&am #'(5',")/ , ×
et = !())5"!#!#
&B = /0 ((( 3Kern" gambar ,!4
104 9ada taPg = 10#")oF
$p = 0"5/#) Dtu*lb(oF
k = 0"10', Dtu*&am(;t(oF
9randtl ?umber 39r4 =
k
µ $p(
=
×F(Dtu*&am(;t0"10',
;tlb*&am,!0"1FDtu*lb(0"5/#)o
o
= 11"/)'
114 hio
hi =
1!"0'
1
$p( &B
w D
k
k µ
µ µ
= /0 2
( )
×
;t0"05''
F(Dtu*&am(;t0"10',11"/)'
o
'1
2 1
= 1,!"5/!Dtu*&am(;t,
(o
F
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
29/244
,/1
hio = hi 2 3>+*O+4
= 1,!"5/!Dtu*&am(;t,(oF 2 30"05'' ;t *0"10!, ;t4
= 111"5/5 Dtu*&am(;t,(oF
SELL SIE 2 F$ui+a ingin' air &en+ingin
TaPg = 1/1oF
Da;;le spa.ing = 10"#' in
$learan.e = 0"'1 in
1'4 %uas area laluan 37s4
7s = Pt
$C #D
×××
1!!
L
=in/#,/"1;t*in1!!
in#'"10in0"'1in,1",/,, ×
××
= 0"'1'# ;t,
1!4 %a&u alir 3Gs4
Gs = s A
W
=
,;t0"'1'#
lb*&am #)('!)"!
= ,1!()##"5, lb*&am ;t,
1/4 eynold ?umber 3 es4
iskositas 3 µ
4 = 0"00## .9 = 0"01#1 lb*;t &am
+iameter
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
30/244
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
31/244
,/'
d =+$
+$
AA
A-A
×
= 0"00/, &am ;t, o
F*Dtu
PRESSURE ROP
TUE SIE 2 F$ui+a Pana!
,14∆9t
et = !())5"!#!#
Gt = #5(5',")/lb*&am ;t,
; = 0"0001) R 3Kern" gambar ,#4
s = "5!
∆9t =t
10
,
t
s(+((10(,,"/
n(%(G(;
Φ
=15!";t0"05''10(,,"/
1;t,04;tlb*&am#5(5',")/30"0001)
10
,,
××××××
= 0"000' psi
,,4∆9r
g(,
P,
= 0"00/! R 3Kern" gambar ,)4
s = "5!
∆9r = g,
P 2
s
n(!
,
=
0"00/!2"5!
1!
×
= 0"005) psi
,'4∆9T
∆9T = ∆9t 8 ∆9r
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
32/244
,/!
= 30"000'8 0"005)4 psi
= 0"01 psi
SELL SIE 2 F$ui+a ingin
,!4 es = 1(01!(#1)"051
; = 0"0005
,/4 @umlah %intasan
?t 8 1 D
%(1, =
= ,)1"0#
! ? I She$$
? 1'::0< 8t
,#4∆9s
Gs = ,1!(1#"5/ lb*&am ;t,
s = 1,
P! ?t
10
t
,
s
s((+e(10,,"/
143?(+e(G(;
φ
+
=1,;t1"))010(/(,,
,)1"0#;t1"))04;tlb*&am ,3,1!()##"50"0005
10
,,
××
×××
= 0"!15/ psi
IENTIFIKASI
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
33/244
,//
?ama 7lat
Kode 7lat
@umlah
Operasi
Fungsi
$ondenser
$+ 0,
1
Kontinyu
engkondensasikan produk Top K+ 0,ATA ESI/N
Tipe Shell and Tube Beat +
O+DCG
9it.h
9ass
∆9T
#5 buah
,0 ;t
0"/',/ in
1",/ in1#
1 in triangular pit.h
!
0"00' psi
>+
Da;;le Spa.e
$learan.e
∆9s
,1",/ in
10"#' in
0"'1 in
0"!15/ psi
+irt Fa.tor" d 0"00/,1!Dahan konstruksi $arbon Steel
9. COOLER-01 (C-01)
Fungsi : eenurunkan produk top dari Kno.k Out +rum-01 3KO+-014
Tipe : Shell and tube Beat
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
34/244
,/#
Gambar :
Aliran inlet
Aliran outletWater in
ShellTube
HeadRear End
Fluida 9anas : 9roduk top -01
C = #(!11")/)5 kg*&am = 1!(1'/"!5 lb*&am
T1 = !1"05# o$ = 10/"5) oF
T, = '0"00
o
$ = #
o
F
Fluida +ingin : 7mmonia
E = !(1'",,# kg*&am = 5(1,!"/' lb*&am
t1 = , o$ = ,"!0 oF
t, = ' o$ = 100"!0 oF
9erhitungan:
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
35/244
,/)
1. ean Pana! C-01
= 1)'(,/1"11,) k@*&am = 1#!(,1,") Dtu*hr
. LMT
Fluida 9anas
3oF4Komponen Fluida +ingin 3oF4 Selisih
10/"5) Suhu tinggi 100"!0 /"##"00 Suhu rendah ,"!0 '"#015"5) Selisih 1"00 1"5)
%T+ 3T4 = 4*ln3
-
1,
1,
T T
T T
∆∆
∆∆
39ers( /(1!4
= !"/1! oF
. T" +an t"
T. = H 310/"5) 8 #4 = 5/"55oF
t. = H 310"!0 8 ,"!4 = 51"!0 oF
• 7sumsi"A+ = /0 Dtu * &am ;t,oF 3Table "
Kern4
7 =4(3 T U
Q
D ∆ = )!,",!# ;t,
Karena 7 I ,00 ;t," maka dipilih B< dengan &enis Shell and Tube Beat
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
36/244
,/
a x L
A
@umlah tube" ?t =
=,#1"0,0
)!,",!#
×
= 11'"!#
dari tabel 5 Kern" didapat nilai yang mendekati ?t perhitungan 11'
?t =11'
- Koreksi A+
7 =?t 2 % 2 aLL=)!,",/;t,
A+ =
A+ =!5 3?ilai A+ sudah mendekati A+ asumsi4
karena nilai Ad perhitungan mendekati dengan nilai Ad asumsi" maka data
untuk shell :
- Shell side
>+ =,5in.h 3Tabel 5( Kern4
Da;;le Spa.e 3D = >+*,4 =1!"/in.h
9ass =1
9t =1",/ in triangular pit.h
F$ui+a Pana! 2 Tue Si+e' a$iran t%& Kn%"* Out ru#
4. F$%5 area +a$a# tue (a6t) = 0"5/ in.h,3Tabel(10" Kern4
7. T%ta$ 8$%5 area (at) = ?t 2 aMt * 1!! 2 n 39ers( )(!"
Kern4
=,1!!
0"/)#11'
x
x
= 0"1,5! ;t'
F
7(Gt
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
37/244
,/5
9. La,u a$ir' Gt =at
W
=1,5!"0
5(1,/
= )0(/'"#! lb* hr( ;t,
:. i$angan Re;n%$+' Ret
9ada T. = 51"! oF
N = 0"/1# lb*;t &am 3aEsM" ,01,4
+ = 1"1,*1, = 0"05'' ;t3Tabel(10" Kern4
et = µ
ae D (
=0"/1#
)0(/'"#!05''"0 x
= )()'0"//
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
38/244
,#0
= ,#"11#
1
)"0
= ,!0",', Dtu * hr( ;t,o
F
F$ui+a ingin 2 She$$ Si+e' a$iran air &en+ingin
. F$%5 area &a+a !he$$ (a!)
as =
( )
41!!3
Pt
$ xC x #D
39ers()(1" Kern4
= 0"'1'# ;t,
7. La,u a$ir #a!!a +a$a# !he$$' /!
Gs = sa
W
39ers()(," Kern4
=0"'1'#
1!(1'/"/
= !/(0))"0/ lb*hr(;t,
9. i$angan Re;n%$+' R e!? @ /! = µ
9ada T. = 5/"55oF
N = 0"011' .9
= 0"0,)' lb*;t ( &am
.9 = 0"1'!, Dtu*lb(⁰F
k = 0"0!,5 Dtu*hr(;t⁰F
'1
(
k
c µ
=
'
1
0!,5"00,)'"00"'!55
x
= 0"!!10
+e = 0"510 in.h = 0"0)# ;t 3Fig(," Kern4
es =
µ
DS
=
011'"0
0)#"0 !/(0))"0/ ×
= 1,/(00'"'5
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
39/244
,#1
&B = '00 3Fig(," Kern4
:. K%e8i!ien Per&in+ahan Pana!' h%
Koreksi Piskositas diabaikan karena tidak signi;i.ant" maka diperoleh :ho = &B ( 3k*+4( 3.N*k41*' 39ers( #(," Kern4
= )!"!1 Dtu * &am ;t,oF
. irt Fa"t%r' R +
d = Dc
Dc
U U
U U
(
−
=!5 /)"0#'
!5-/)"0#'
x39ers #(1'" Kern4
= 0"00,5
PRESSURE ROP
Tube Side
!( Antuk ?e = )()'0"#
Faktor ;riksi = 0"000, 3Fig ,#" Kern4
s = 1",!!
9t =
= 0"00!' psi
/( , * ,g = 0"00/! 3Fig ,)" Kern4
9r = 3 !n * s 4 3 , * ,g 4
= 0"10! psi
9T = 9t 8 9r
= 0"10/ psi
t e s D x xn Lt &
φ 10
,
10,,"/
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
40/244
,#,
Shell Side
'( Faktor Friksi
e = 1,/(00!"'5
; = 0"00051 3Fig(,5" Kern4
!( ?umber o; .ross' 3? 8 14
? 8 1 = 1, % * D 39ers()(!'" Kern4
= ,)1"0#
+s = >+ * 1,
= ') * 1, = ,"!1#) ;ts = '"5/
9s = s Des
' Ds &s
φ 10
,
10,,"/
413
×+
39ers( 1,(!)"Kern4
= 0"0/#' psi
IENTIFIKASI
?ama 7latKode 7lat
@umlah
Operasi
Fungsi
$ooler $ - 01
1
Kontinyu
enurunkan temperature dari top produk
Kno.k Out +rum 01 3KO+-014ATA ESI/N
Tipe Shell and Tube Beat +
O+
DCG
9it.h
9ass
#5 buah
,0 ;t
0"/',/ in
1",/ in
1/
1 in triangular pit.h
!
>+
Da;;le Spa.e
$learan.e
∆9s
,1",/ in
10"#' in
0"'1 in
0"0/#' psi
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
41/244
,#'
∆9T 0"10/ psi+irt Fa.tor" d 0"00/,1!Dahan konstruksi $arbon Steel
:. EPANER ALE-01
Fungsi : Antuk mengalirkan dan menurunkan tekanan produk keluaran dari
eaktor-01 menu&u $ooler-01
Tipe : Turbine
Gambar :
Kondisi Operasi:
Temperatur masuk" T1 = ,/0 $
Tekanan masuk" 91 = /0 atm
Tekanan keluar" 9, = , atm
%a&u alir masuk" C = /!(/!1"#!, kg*&am = 1,0(,!'")! lb*&am
= ,(00!"0# lb*min+ensitas gas" = #"1' kg*mU = 0"'' lb*;tU
Faktor keamanan" ; = 106
k = 1"1'!
enentukan la&u alir Polumetri." :
=W
ρ
= (5)"!5/ mU*&am= /(,')"0, ;tU*min
Sa;ety ;a.tor 106 = 3180"14 2 ;tU*min
= /()#0"),) ;tU*min
aka" = /()#0"),) ;tU*min
Temperatur yang keluar dari e2pander-01:
+imana:
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
42/244
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
43/244
,#/
= ,,(/,,(,05"'/ k@*&am 1/(0,!(0!5",1/ k@*&am
= )(!5(1#0"1)0 k@*&am
ange e;isiensi
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
44/244
,##
Aliran inlet
Aliran outletWater in
ShellTube
HeadRear End
/a#ar
2
Fluida 9anas : Saturated steam
C = 1,(550"/)) Kg*&am = ,(#'5",50 lb*&am
T1 = '0 o$ = )1# oF
T, = '0 o$ = )1# oF
Fluida +ingin : 9roduk dari umpan9-01
E = /!(/!1"#/5 kg*&am = 1,0(,!'"#', lb*&am
t1 = !1"#/ o$ = 10#"5# oF
t, = ,/0 o$ = !, oF
9erhitungan:
1. ean Pana! -01
= ,5('1(50,"#5k@*&am = ,)()5('#!"/1 Dtu*&am
. LMT
Fluida 9anas
3o
F4
Fluida +ingin 3oF4Selisih
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
45/244
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
46/244
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
47/244
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
48/244
,)0
= 0"5)
+e = 0"),0 in.h = 0"0#0 ;t 3Fig(," Kern4
es= = µ
DS
=0!)0"0
0#0"0 51(//0"'#1 ×
= 11#()#1"!5
&B = 10 3Fig(," Kern4
:. K%e8i!ien Per&in+ahan Pana!' h%
Koreksi Piskositas diabaikan karena tidak signi;i.ant" maka diperoleh :
ho = &B ( 3k*+4( 3.N*k41*' 39ers( #(," Kern4
= #5", Dtu * &am ;t,oF
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
49/244
,)1
= 0"0015
PRESSURE ROP
Tube Side
!( Antuk ?e = ,'(1,1"!')
Faktor ;riksi = 0"0001' 3Fig ,#" Kern4
s = /"5!0
/( 9t == 0"0001 psi
#( , * ,g = 0(00/! 3Fig ,)" Kern4
9r = 3 !n * s 4 3 , * ,g 4
=
00/!"0!0'"1
!! x
x
= 0"001/ psi
9T = 9t 8 9r
= 0"001/ psi
Shell Side
/( Faktor Friksi
e = 11#()#1"!5
; = 0(001/ 3Fig(,5" Kern4
#( ?umber o; .ross" 3? 8 14
? 8 1 = 1, % * D 39ers()(!'" Kern4
= 31, 2 ,1#4* 11"# = ,!)")!
+s = >+ * 1,
= 1/",/ * 1, = 1"5') ;t
s = 1
t e s D x x
n Lt &
φ 10
,
10,,"/
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
50/244
,),
9s = s Des
' Ds &s
φ 10
,
10,,"/
413
×+
39ers( 1,(!)"Kern4
= 1"5,# psi
IENTIFIKASI
?ama 7lat Beater Kode 7lat B-01@umlah 1 buahOperasi KontinyuFungsi enaikkan temperatur sebelum masuk ke rea.tor 01
3-014
ATA ESI/N
Tipe Shell and Tube Beat + 1",/ in" 0"/# in 9ass !DCG 1/ 9 0"001 9si9it.h 11*! - in" Triangular pit.h 9 1"5,# 9si 9ass !
>. EATER-0 (-0)
Fung!i 2emanaskan aliran umpan sebelum masuk ke Kolom +istilasi-01Ti&e 2 Shell and tube Beat
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
51/244
,)'
Aliran inlet
Aliran outletWater in
ShellTube
HeadRear End
/a#ar 2
Fluida 9anas : Saturated steam
C = 1(//0"5,5 Kg*&am = '(!15",10 lb*&am
T1 = '0 o$ = )1# oF
T, = '0 o$ = )1# oF
Fluida +ingin : 9roduk dari umpan KO+-01
E = !(1,5"500 kg*&am = 10#(10"1!0 lb*&am
t1 = !1"05# o$ = 10/"5)0 oF
t, = #"10/ o$ = 1#"550 oF
9erhitungan:
1. ean Pana! -0
= 1#(/'(!00"/!k@*&am = 1/()1(,#1"1'0 Dtu*&am
. LMT
Fluida 9anas
3oF4
Fluida +ingin 3oF4Selisih
)1# Suhu tinggi 1) /,5)1# Suhu rendah 10# #10"0'0 Selisih 1 -1"0,
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
52/244
,)!
%T+ 3T4 =4*ln3
-
1,
1,
T T
T T
∆∆∆∆
39ers( /(1!4
= /#"//#o
F. T" +an t"
T. = H 3)1# 8 )1#4 = /'# oF
t. = H 31) 8 10#4 = 1!#"! oF
• 7sumsi" A+ = /0 Dtu * &am ;t,oF 3Table " Kern4
7 =
4(3 T U
Q
D ∆ = //,"51) ;t,
Karena 7 I ,00 ;t," maka dipilih B< dengan &enis Shell and Tube Beat
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
53/244
,)/
7. T%ta$ 8$%5 area (at) = ?t 2 aMt * 1!! 2 n 39ers()(!" Kern4
=
!1!!
0"/!#,,0
x
x
= 0"1' ;t'
9. La,u a$ir' Gt =at
W
=1'"0
10#(10
= /))(!/5",)0 lb* hr( ;t,
:. i$angan Re;n%$+' Ret
9ada T. = 1!#"!1 oF
N = 0"1)5 lb*;t &am
+ = 0"'!*1, = 0"0#5/ ;t 3Tabel(10" Kern4
et = µ
t e D (
=0"1)5
0/))(!/5",)0#5/"0 x
= '#(1!0"!5#
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
54/244
,)#
Koreksi Piskositas diabaikan karena tidak signi;i.ant" maka didapat :
hi = ,05"#'1 Dtu * hr( ;t,oF
hio = hi
"D
#D
39ers(#(/" Kern4
= ,05"#'1
1
'!"0
= 151"!#' Dtu * hr( ;t,oF
F$ui+a Pana! 2 She$$ Si+e' A$iran Stea#
. F$%5 area &a+a !he$$ (a!)
as =
( )41!!3
Pt
$ xC x #D
39ers()(1" Kern4
= 0"1#1;t,
7. La,u a$ir #a!!a +a$a# !he$$' /!
Gs =
sa
W
39ers()(," Kern4
=1#1/"0
'(!15",10
= ,1(1)1"'/0 lb*hr(;t,
9. i$angan Re;n%$+' R e!? @ /! = µ
9ada T. = )1#oF
$p = 0"!)#,Dtu*lb(oF
k = 0"01) Dtu*lb(oFN = 0"0!)0lb*;t ( &am
'1
(
k
c µ
=
'1
01)"0
0!)0"0!)#,"0
x
= 0"5)
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
55/244
,))
+e = 0"),0 in.h = 0"0#0 ;t 3Fig(," Kern4
es = µ
DS
=0!)0"0
0#0"0,1(1)1"'/0 ×
= ,)(001"/,,
&B = ,00 3Fig(," Kern4
:. K%e8i!ien Per&in+ahan Pana!' h%
Koreksi Piskositas diabaikan karena tidak signi;i.ant" maka diperoleh :
ho = &B ( 3k*+4( 3.N*k41*' 39ers( #(," Kern4
= ))"#!) Dtu * &am ;t,oF
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
56/244
,)
PRESSURE ROP
Tube Side
)( Antuk ?e = '#(1!0"!5#
Faktor ;riksi = 0"000// 3Fig ,#" Kern4
s = /"5!0
( 9t =
= 0"0110 psi
5( , * ,g = 0(00/! 3Fig ,)" Kern4
9r = 3 !n * s 4 3 , * ,g 4
=
00/!"001)"1
!! x
x
= 0"001/ psi
9T = 9t 8 9r
= 0"01,/ psi
Shell Side
)( Faktor Friksi
e = ,)(001"/,,
; = 0(00, 3Fig(,5" Kern4
( ?umber o; .ross" 3? 8 14
? 8 1 = 1, % * D 39ers()(!'" Kern4= 31, 2 ,1,4* 11"# = '))")0
+s = >+ * 1,
= 1/",/ * 1, = 1,)0 ;t
s = 1
9s = s Des
' Ds &s
φ 10
,
10,,"/
413
×+
39ers( 1,(!)"Kern4
t e s D x x
n Lt &
φ 10
,
10,,"/
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
57/244
,)5
= 0"1')! psi
IENTIFIKASI ?ama 7lat Beater Kode 7lat B-0,@umlah 1 buahOperasi KontinyuFungsi enaikkan temperatur sebelum masuk ke Kolom
+istilasi - 01 3K+-014
ATA ESI/N
Tipe Shell and Tube Beat
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
58/244
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
59/244
,1
!'
,
W)0"00101!/-W#)0"01!/,,#-
W/0"1)0)!!0-W5)0"1!/0!/-)1"))!)05-e2p=K
= 0"10/'
A =
ρ
ρ−ρ/"0
g
g%0'/"0
= 0"'5)!m*s
4. e!!e$ area #ini#u#' A
7 =(
(
U
Q
= sm
sm
*0"'5)!
*0"#51# '
= 1")!0! m,
7. ia#eter e!!e$ #ini#u#'
+ =
/"07!
π
= 1"!50 m
9. Liui+ %$u#etri" 8$%5rate' L
% =densitas
massaalirla&u
=
'kg*m''!"/!/'
kg*&am !!(1,5"500
= 1!'"')! m'*&am
= 0"0!m'*s
:. Tinggi Liui+' L
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
60/244
,,
Bolding time" t = / menit
= 0"0'' &am
B% =7
t2
%
= #")m
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
61/244
,'
t =
$9,"0S
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
62/244
,!
Fung!i 2engkondensasikan sebagian produk top rea.tor-01
Ti&e 2 Shell and tube Beat
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
63/244
,/
t, = !0o$ = 10! oF
9erhitungan:
1. ean Pana! PC-01
= ()#'('!/"##! k@*&am = ('0#(1)0"#0 Dtu*&am
. LMT
Fluida 9anas
3oF4
Fluida +ingin 3oF4Selisih
1,, Suhu tinggi 10! 1# Suhu rendah ,"! '"#'# Selisih ,, 1!"!
%T+ 3T4 =4*ln3
-
1,
1,
T T
T T
∆∆∆∆
39ers( /(1!4
= "5!) oF
. T" +an t"
T. = H 31,, 8 #4 = 10! oF
t. = H 310! 8 ,"!4 = 5'", oF
• 7sumsi"A+ = /00 Dtu * &am ;t,oF 3Table " Kern4
7 =4(3 T U
Q
D ∆ = 1(5!"/5/ ;t,
Karena 7 I ,00 ;t," maka dipilih B< dengan &enis Shell and Tube Beat
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
64/244
,#
=
',)1"0,0
1(5!"/5/
×
= ,'1"#
9ada tabel 5 Kern" ¨ah tube yang memenuhi adalah ,',
Shell Side Tube Side>+ = ,'",/ in ?umber and %ength = ,', and ,0 ;tD = 11"# in O+" DCG" 9it.h = 1"00-in" 1" 1-in tri
9asses = , 9asses = 1
F$ui+a Pana! 2 Tue Si+e' a$iran ga! &urging
4. F$%5 area +a$a# tue (a6t) = 0"!, in.h, 3Tabel(10" Kern4
7. T%ta$ 8$%5 area (at) = ?t 2 aMt * 1!! 2 n 39ers()(!" Kern4
=,1!!
0"!,,',
x
x
= 0"15!1 ;t'
9. La,u a$ir'Gt =at W
=15!1"0
01)0(5'5"00
= 0(!5)"/#0 lb* hr( ;t,
:. i$angan Re;n%$+' Ret
9ada T. = 5'", oF
N = 0"/1# lb*;t &am
+ = 0"#0#*1, = 0"0/0/ ;t 3Tabel(10" Kern4
et = µ
ae D (
=0"/1#
00(!5)"/#0/0/"0 x
= 1',(#"!1,
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
65/244
,)
>. Ni$ai hi" pada T. = 5'", oF
$p = 1"0'1 Dtu*lb( oF
k = 0"/5! Dtu*;t( oF( &am
'1
(
k
c µ
=
'1
/5!"0
/',"11"0'1
x
= 1"!)#
hi =
1!"0'*1(
wk
Cp
D
k j!
µ
µ µ
Koreksi Piskositas diabaikan karena tidak signi;i.ant" maka didapat :
hi = !(,1#"0, Dtu * hr( ;t,oF
hio = hi
"D
#D
39ers(#(/" Kern4
= !(,1#"0,
)/"0
#0#"0
= #(!5,")## Dtu * hr( ;t,oF
F$ui+a ingin 2 She$$ Si+e' a$iran air
. F$%5 area &a+a !he$$ (a!)
as =
( )
41!!3
Pt
$ xC x #D
39ers()(1" Kern4
= 0"')/!;t,
7. La,u a$ir #a!!a +a$a# !he$$' /!
Gs = sa
W
39ers()(," Kern4
=')/!"0
01,0(,!'"#0
= ',0('1#"0,0 lb*hr(;t,
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
66/244
,
9. i$angan Re;n%$+' R e!? @ /! = µ
9ada T. = 10!oF
$p = 0",)'/Dtu*lb(oF
k = 0"/#0) Dtu*lb(oF
N = 0"0,#! lb*;t ( &am
'1
(
k
c µ
=
'1
/#0)"0
0,#!"0#!),"1
x
= 0"5!5'
+e = 0")' in.h = 0"0)# ;t 3Fig(," Kern4
es = µ
DS
=0"0,#!
0)#"00',0('1#"0, ×
= (,)"000
&B = #00 3Fig(," Kern4
:. K%e8i!ien Per&in+ahan Pana!' h%
Koreksi Piskositas diabaikan karena tidak signi;i.ant" maka diperoleh :
ho = &B ( 3k*+4( 3.N*k41*' 39ers( #(," Kern4
= ',,",'1 Dtu * &am ;t,oF
. e!ign Oera$$ C%e88i"ient' U
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
67/244
,5
= 0"',)1 2 ,0 2 ,', = 1(5)"10 ;t,
A+ =t A
Q
∆⋅ =
"5!)1(5)"10
#0('0#(1)0"
× = !5"''' Dtu*hr(;t,(oF
10. irt Fa"t%r' R +
d = Dc
Dc
U U
U U
(
−
='''"!5'0#"55/
'''"!5-'0#"55/
x39ers #(1'" Kern4
= 0"001,
PRESSURE ROP
Tube Side
1( Antuk ?e = 1',(#"!1,
Faktor ;riksi = 0"000,# 3Fig ,#" Kern4
s = 1",!'/
,( 9t =
= 0"#0!5 psi
'( , * ,g = 0(00/! 3Fig ,)" Kern4
9r = 3 !n * s 4 3 , * ,g 4
=00/!"0,'/"1
#!
x
x
= 0"0#5/ psi
9T = 9t 8 9r
= 0"#)!! psi
Shell Side
1( Faktor Friksi
e = (,)"000
t e s D x x
n Lt &
φ 10
,
10,,"/
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
68/244
,50
; = 0"00051 3Fig(,5" Kern4
,( ?umber o; .ross' 3? 8 14
? 8 1 = 1, % * D 39ers()(!'" Kern4
= '05"#0
+s = >+ * 1,
= ') * 1, = 1"5')/ ;t
s = '"5/
9s = s Des
' Ds &s
φ 10
,
10,,"/
413
×+
39ers( 1,(!)"Kern4
= '"//1' psi
IENTIFIKASI
?ama 7lat 9artial Kondenser Kode 7lat 9$ 01@umlah 1 buahOperasi Kontinyu
Fungsi engkondensasikansebagianproduk reaktor 013-014
ATA ESI/N
Tipe Shell and Tube Beat + '5 in9an&ang ,0 ;t Da;;le spa.e 15"/ inO+" >+ 0")/ in" 0"#0# in 9ass 1DCG 1/ 9 0"/#! 9si9it.h 11*! - in" Triangular pit.h 9 ,"!/# 9si 9ass #
11. KOLOM ISTILASI B 01 (K B 01)
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
69/244
,51
Fungsi : emurnikan metanol sebagai produk utama dari komponen lain
Tipe : Sie(e Tra) Tower
Gambar :
A. Menentu*an *%n+i!i %&era!i.
+engan Trial and Error " didapatkan kondisi operasi:
Fee+
9 = 1"! atm = 1(0#!"00) mmBg
T = #"11 o$ = '/5",/# K
Komposisi:
Komponen 9i 3atm4 Wi Ki = 9i * 9 i = Wi ( Ki
$B'OB 1"/1 0"!5) 1"/1 0")#B,O 0"!,# 0"/0' 0"!,# 0",1!
Total 1"000 1"000
T%&
9 = 1"1 atm = '#"00# mmBg
T = !"#)5 o$ = '/)",5 K
Komposisi :
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
70/244
,5,
Komponen Kmol*&am i Ki = 9i * 9 Wi = i * Ki$B'OB 5/'"'!/ 0"### 1"51/ 0"'!
B,O !)",#, 0"''! 0"/1, 0"#/,
Total 1(!'1"#0) 1(000 1"000
%tt%#
9 = 1"/ atm = 1(1!0"00 mmBg
T = 55 o$ = '),"1/ K
Komposisi :
Komponen kmol*&am Wi Ki = 9i * 9 i = Wi(Ki$B'OB !"')5 0"005 '"!'/ 0"0'0
B,O !5"510 0"551 0"5) 0"5)0 Total !5!",5 1"000 1"000
. e!ain K%$%# e!ti$a!i
Met%+e /ra8i*
1. ata *e!eti#angan Ua&-Cair untu* Air +an Metan%$ &a+a 1 at#
apor %iuid
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
71/244
,5'
T 1sat =
B
A−ln P−C
T 2
sat =
B
A−ln P−C
P=10( A−( BC +T ))
dimana 9 = mmBg" T = oK
+ata Gra;ik Kesetimbangan $ampuran etanol - 7ir
T1 Saturated = )'",5) $
T, Saturated = 105")11 $
T (K)Pa (##g) P (##g)
@ G(#etan%$) (air)
'!#"!!) 1(0#!"000 ,#5",,5 1 1'!5"!!) 1(1"!,0 '0/", 0"/5 0"5#0'/,"!!) 1(',!"#,/ '!/"',! 0")'! 0"51!
'//"!!) 1(!)'"!/0 '5"#) 0"#,, 0"#,'/"!!) 1(#'/")# !'")10 0"/,, 0"0''#1"!!) 1(1,"!51 !5,")5 0"!'' 0")')'#!"!!) ,(00!"/#/ //,"'!! 0"'/, 0"##!'#)"!!) ,(,1,"5)# #1)()#) 0",0 0"/,')0"!!) ,(!'")!# #5"/05 0",1! 0"!51')'"!!) ,(#,"5'/ )#"0'/ 0"1// 0"'50')#"!!) ,(5!#"#' /'",5 0"100 0",)')5"!!) '(,'0"551 5!)"!00 0"0/1 0"1//',"#1 '(/1"1!' 1(0#!"000 0 0
3 #ntrod*ction to C%emical Engineering T%ermod)namics+Sixt% Ed,+ -,., Smit%
dkk,, Pg,/014
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
72/244
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
73/244
,5/
T top = !"#)5 $
T bottom = 55 $
• Temperatur rata-rata
TaPg =
T top+T bottom2 ,
4ottomtop T T +
TaPg = 51"!0 $
+ari gra;ik .( $abe and Thiele didapatkan stage teoritis 3?t4 = ! stages
. E8i!ien!i Tra;
K%#&%nen F H (N!=#) F .H ? Ha
$B'OB 0"!5) 0",!# 0"1,,B,O 0"/0' 0"'01 0"1/1Total 1"000 0",)!
elatiPe Polatility 3Z4 = '")!aka" dengan metode OM$onnel $orrelation 3@( $oulson ol( #4 :
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
74/244
,5#
+ = '5(1#'")'1kg*&am
% = ( +
= 0"1#/ 2 3'5(1#'")'1kg*&am4
= #(!/!",/ kg*&am
= 1")5' kg*det
= % 8 +
= #(!/!",/ kg*&am 8 '5(1#'")'1kg*&am
= !/(#1"/// kg*&am
= 1,"#), kg*det
+ata Fisik Vapo*r Li5*id .ass 6low rate 3kg*det4
Densit) 3kg*m'4
Vol*metric 6low rate 3m'*det4
1,"#),
5"',
1"'/
1")5'
)5'"#
0"00,S*r&ace tension 3?*m4 0"0'/
. ia#eter *%$%#
Li5*id 7Vapo*r 6low 6actor 86 LV 9
6 LV = L
V
W
W
V
L
ρ
ρ
3$oulson(
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
75/244
,5)
=
05/"00,"0
0"0'/,"0
= 0"10#•
Ke.epatan 6looding 3u; 4
u; =V
V L ; ρ
ρ ρ −^1
3$oulson(
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
76/244
,5
= 1"#!0 m,
•
$ross se.tional area dengan 1, 6 doEn.omer area 37.4
7sumsi diambil sebesar 1, 6 berdasarkan rekomendasi pada buku C%emical
Engineering+ (ol, :+ Co*lson+ p, 1:<
7. =1,(01−
An
3$oulson( p(!),4
=1,"01
1"#!0 ,
−m
= 1"#! m,
•
+iameter kolom 3+.4
+. =1!"'
! Ac
3$oulson( p(!),4
=1!"'
4 1"#!3!,m
= 1"/!1
". e!ain plate
• +iameter kolom 3+.4 = 1"/!1 m
•
%uas area kolom 37.4
7. =!
1!"'(, x Dc
3$oulson( p(!)'4
= !
1!"'41"/!13 , x
= 1"#! m,
• +oEn.omer area 37d4
7d = persen doEn.omer 2 7. 3$oulson( p(!)'4
= 0"1, 31"#! m,4
= 0",,! m,
• ?et area 37n4
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
77/244
,55
7n = 7. 7d
= 1"#! m, 0",,! m,
= 1"#!0 m,
• 7.tiPe area 37a4
7a = 7. , 7d 3$oulson( p(!)'4
= 1"#! m, , 30",,! m,4
= 1"!1) m,
• Bole area 37h4 ditetapkan 10 6 dari 7a berdasarkan rekomendasi pada buku
C%emical Engineering+ (ol, :+ Co*lson+ p, 1:<
7h = 1/ 6 ( 7a
= 0"1/ 31"!1) m,4
= 0",1' m,
• ?ilai weir lengt% 3>E4 ditentukan dari ;igure 11('1" $oulson Pol #
Ordinat =
100 x Ac
Ad
=
100m 1"#!
m 0",,!,
,
×
= 1,
7bsis = Dc
w #
= 0"))
Sehingga :
>E = +. 2 0"))
= 1"/!1m 2 0"))
= 1"1) m
• 9enentuan nilai weir %eig%t 3hE4" %ole diameter 3dh4" dan plate t%ickness" 3nilai
ini sama untuk kolom atas dan kolom baEah4
Weir %eig%t 3hE4 = /0 mm
nilai Eeir height direkomendasikan pada buku C%emical Engineering+ (ol, :+
Co*lson+ p, 1=>
!ole diameter 3dh4 = / mm
ukuran tersebut merupakan pre&erred si?e sesuai rekomendasi pada buku
C%emical Engineering+ (ol, :+ Co*lson+ p, 1=/
Plate t%ickness = / mm 3untuk car4on steel 4
+. Penge"e*an
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
78/244
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
79/244
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
80/244
'0,
Ap
A%
= Aa
A%
= 0"1/
Ap A%
2 100 = 1/
Sehingga didapat nilai Ori;i.e .oe;i.ient 3$o4 = 0"
+ry plate drop 3hd4
hd =
L
V
Co
U%
ρ
ρ
,
/1
∧
3$oulson((
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
81/244
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
82/244
'0!
uP = An
maksU(
3$ouldson"p(!)!4
uP =1"#!0
1"'/
= 0", m*s
6 ;looding =
100 x*
*
&
(
3$oulson((p(!)!4
= / 6
Antuk nilai F% = 0"01/ dari ;igure 11(,5 $oulson ed #
+idapat nilai = 0",
Ketentuan bahEa nilai harus lebih ke.il dari 1" telah terpenuhi(
3$oulson((p(!)/4
e. Tria$ &$ate $a;%ut
+igunakan plate type .artridge" dengan /0 mm unper;orted strip mengelilingi
pinggir plate dan /0 mm Eide .alming zones(
+ari ;igure 11(', $oulson ed # pada Dc
#w
= 0"))
+i dapat nilai c$ = 5
Sudut subtended antara pinggir plate dengan unper;orated strip 3c4
c = 10 - c$ 3$oulson((p(!)/4
= 10 5= ,
ean length" unper;orated edge strips 3%m4
%m =
( )
−10
1!(' θ
x%w Dc
3$oulson((p(!)/4
= ,"1'' m
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
83/244
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
84/244
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
85/244
'0)
Tebal dinding ellipsoidal head "
t =
C C P E S
D P
,(0,+
⋅⋅⋅
= !"'#) 2 10-'m
Sehingga :
O+ = >+ 8 ,tsilinder
= 1"#!5 m 8 , 3!"'#) 2 10-'m4
= 1"//0 m
. e!ain *%$%# agian a5ah (Stri&ing !e"ti%n)
a. ata 8i!i* untu* !tri&ing !e"ti%n
F = !(1,5"500 kg*&am
% = #(!/!",/ kg*&am
= !/(#1"/// kg*&am
= 1
=
( )
6
L L −L
3Treyball"
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
86/244
'0
. ia#eter *%$%#
•
Li5*id 7Vapo*r 6low 6actor 3F%4
F% = L
V
W
W
V
L
ρ
ρ
3$ouldson(
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
87/244
'05
•
aksimum Polumetri. ;loE rate 3AP maks4
AP maks =
'#00(V
V
ρ
3$oulson( p(!),4
=#00('(*0/!"!
kg*&am !/(#1"///'mkg
= '"1,# m'*s
• ?et area yang dibutuhkan 37n4
7n =
∧
*
maksU V
3$oulson( p(!),4
= sm
sm
*1"!)/
*'"1,# '
= ,"115 m,
•
$ross se.tion area dengan 1, 6 doEn.ormer area 37.4
7sumsi diambil sebesar 1, 6 berdasarkan rekomendasi pada buku C%emical
Engineering+ (ol, :+ Co*lson+ p, 1:<
7. =1,"01−
An
3$oulson( p(!),4
=1,"01
,"115,
−m
= ,"!0 m,
• +iameter kolom 3+.4
+. =1!('
! Ac
3@ ($ouldson( p(!),4
=1!"'
4,"!03! ,m
= 1")/1 m
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
88/244
'10
". e!ain &$ate
•
+iameter kolom 3+.4 = 1")/1 m
•
%uas area kolom 37.4
7. =!
1!"'(, x Dc
3$oulson( p(!)'4
=!
1!"'(41")/13 , x
= ,"!0 m,
• +oEn.omer area 37d4
7d = persen doEn.omer 2 7. 3$oulson( p(!)'4
= 0"1, 3,"!0 m,4
= 0",5 m,
• ?et area 37n4
7n = 7. 7d
= ,"!0m, 0",5 m,
= ,"115 m,
• 7.tiPe area 37a4
7a = 7. , 7d 3$oulson( p(!)'4
= ,"!0 m, , 30",5 m,4
= 1"'0 m,
• Bole area 37h4 ditetapkan 1/6 dari 7a berdasarkan rekomendasi pada buku
C%emical Engineering+ (ol, :+ Co*lson+ p, 1:<
7h = 1/ 6 ( 7a
= 0"1/ 2 1"'0 m,
= 0",)! m,
• ?ilai Eeir length 3>E4 ditentukan dari ;igure 11('1" $oulson ed #
Ordinat =
100 x Ac
Ad
= 1,
7bsis =
Dc
w #
= 0"))
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
89/244
'11
Sehingga :
>E = +. 2 0"))
= 1"))1m 2 0"))
= 1"'! m
• 9enentuan nilai Eeir height 3hE4 " hole diameter 3dh4" dan plate thi.kness"
3nilai ini sama untuk kolom atas dan kolom baEah4
Ceir height 3hE4 = /0 mm 3$oulson( p(/)14
Bole diameter 3dh4 = / mm 3$oulson( p(/)'4
9late thi.kness = / mm 3$oulson( p(/)'4
+. Penge"e*an
Check weeping
a2imum liuid rate 3%m"ma24
%m"ma2 ='#00
L
3$oulson( p(!)'4
=
#00('
kg*&am /!(/!"),/
= 1/"1#, kg*det
inimum liiud rate 3%m"min4
inimum liuid rate pada )0 6 liuid t*rn down ratio
%m"min = 0") %m" ma2 3$oulson( p(!)'4
= 0") 31/"1#, kg*det4
= 10"#1! kg*det
Ceir liuid .rest 3hoE4
hoE=
',
)/0
#w
Lm
l ρ
3$oulson(
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
90/244
'1,
=
',
' 1"'!*5#",)!
det* 1/"1#,)/0
m ;g
;g
= ')"551 mm liuid
hoE"min =
',
min")/0
#w
Lm
l ρ
=
',
' 1"'!*5#",)!
det* 10"#1!)/0
m ;g
;g
= ,5"5/1 mm liuid9ada rate minimum
hE 8 hoE = /0 mm 8 ,5"5/1 mm
= )5"5/1 mm
+ari ;igure 11('0 $oulson ed #
K , = '0")
inimum design Papour Pelo.ity 3_h4
`h =
( )[ ]( ) ,1
, !",/50"0V
d% ; ρ
−−
3$oulson(
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
91/244
'1'
Plate pressure drop
@umlah maksimum Papour yang meleEati holes 3h4
h = A%
maksU("
3$ouldson"p(!)'4
=0",)!
'"1,#
= 11"' m*s
+ari ;igure 11('! $oulson ed #" untuk :
diameter %ole
t%icness Plate
= 1
Ap
A%
= Aa
A%
= 0"1/
Ap
A%
2 100 = 1/
Sehingga didapat nilai Ori;i.e .oe;i.ient 3$o4 = 0"
+ry plate drop 3hd4
hd =
L
V
Co
U%
ρ
ρ
,
/1
∧
3$oulson((
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
92/244
'1!
ht = hd 8 3hE 8 hoE4 8 hr 3$oulson((p(!)!4
= #"#5 mm 8 )5"5/1 mm 8 1,"#)! mm
= 1)5"',, mm liuid
Ketentuan bahEa nilai ht harus lebih besar dari 100 mm liuid telah terpenuhi(
3$oulson"p(!)!4
Downcomer liuid backup
+oEn.omer pressure loss 3hap4
hap = hE 10 mm 3$oulson((p(!))4
= /0 10
= !0 mm
7rea under apron 37ap4
7ap= hap ( >E 3$oulson((p(!)!4
= !0 2 10-' m 2 1"'! m
= 0"0/! m,
Karena nilai 7ap lebih ke.il dari nilai 7d 30",5 m ,4" maka nilai 7ap yang
digunakan pada perhitungan head loss di doEn.omer 3hd.4
Bead loss in the doEn.omer 3hd.4
hd.=
,
ma2"1##
Aap
Lm
L ρ
3$oulson((
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
93/244
'1/
tr =maks Lm
%4 Ad L
"
ρ
3$oulson((
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
94/244
'1#
%m =
( )
−10
1!"' θ
x%w Dc
3$oulson((p(!)/4
= ,"!'! m 7rea o; unper;orated edge strip 37up4
7up = hE ( %m 3$oulson((p(!)/4
= /0 2 10-' m 2 ,"!'! m
= 0"1,, m,
ean length o; .alming zone 3%.z4
%.z =
−,
sin43 C %w Dc θ
3$oulson((p(!)/4
= 1",! m
7rea o; .alming zone 37.z4
7.z = , 3%.z ( hE4 3$oulson((p(!)/4
= , 31",! m 2 /0 (10-' m4
= 0"1, m,
Total area per;orated 37p4
7p = 7a 37up 8 7.z4 3$ouldson((p(!)/4
= 1"'0 m, 30"1,, m,8 0"1, m,4
= 1"/0 m,
+ari ;igure 11('' $oulson ed # di dapat nilai >p*dh = ," untuk nilai 7h*7p =
0"11#
?ilai >p*dh harus berada dalam range ,"/ !"0 3$oulson((p(!#/4
@umlah holes
7rea untuk 1 hole 37oh4
7oh =!
1!"',d%
3$oulson((p(!)/4
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
95/244
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
96/244
'1
= '(, 2 10-' m
Tebal dinding silinder "
T =
C C P E S
r P
#(0+
⋅⋅⋅
= !"/ 2 10-' m
Tebal dinding ellipsoidal head "
t =
C C P E S
D P
,(0,+
⋅⋅⋅
= !"/5 2 10-'
mSehingga :
O+ = >+ 8 ,tsilinder
= 1")/1 m 8 , 3!"/5 2 10-'m4
= 1")#1 m
E. Tinggi *%$%# +e!ti$a!i
B = 3?s 2 tray spa.ing4 8'"0!= 3# 2 0"/4 8 '"0!= #"0!! m
Be = tinggi tutup ellipsoidal
= Y 2 >+
= Y 2 1"/!1
= 0"'/
Be = tinggi tutup ellipsoidal
= Y 2 >+= Y 2 1")/1 m
= 0"!' m
Bt = B 8 Be atas 8 Be baEah
= #"0!! m 8 0"'/ m 8 0"!' m
= #"#) m
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
97/244
'15
IENTIFIKASI
?ama 7lat Kolom destilasi
7lat Kode K+-01@enis Sie(e Tra) Col*mn@umlah 1 buahOperasi Kontinyu
FungsiAntuk memperoleh produk utama etanol
dengan kemurnian ) 6
ATA ESI/N
T%& %tt%#
Tekanan 1", atm 1"/ atmTemperatur !"# o$ 55 o$
KOLOM
T%& %tt%#
+iameter 1"/!1 m 1")/1 mTray spa.ing 0"/ m 0"/ m
@umlah tray , buah ! bua
hTebal !"'## 2 10-' m !"/ 2 10-' material $arbon steel
PLATE
T%& %tt%#
+oEn.omer area 0",,! m, 0",5 m,
7.tiPe area 1"!1) m, 1"'0 m,
Bole +iameter / mm / mmBole area 0",1' m, 0"1' m,
Tinggi Eeir /0 mm /0 mm9an&ang Eeir 1"1# m 1"'! mTebal pelat / mm / m
9ressure drop per tray 10#"!## mm liuid 1)5"',,mm
liuidTipe aliran .airan Single pass Single pass+esain 6 ;looding / 6 / 6@umlah hole 10(,5 buah 5(',! buah
1. KOLOM ISTILASI B 0 (K B 0)
Fungsi : emurnikan metanol sebagai produk utama dari komponen lain
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
98/244
',0
Tipe : Sie(e Tra) Tower
Gambar :
A. Menentu*an *%n+i!i %&era!i.
+engan Trial and Error " didapatkan kondisi operasi :
Fee+
9 = 1"1 atm = '#"00# mmBg
T = )!"/' o$ = '!)"#1 K
Komposisi :
Komponen 9i 3atm4 Wi Ki = 9i * 9 i=Wi ( Ki$B'OB 1"!#/ 0"### 1"'', 0")
B,O 0"')' 0"''! 0"''5 0"11'
Total 1"000 1"000
T%&
9 = 1"0!atm = )50"!0/ mmBg
T = ##"0#, o$ = ''5",1, K
Komposisi :
Komponen Kmol*&am i Ki = 9i * 9 Wi = i * Ki$B'OB 5!5"//! 0"55' 1"0,, 0"5),
B,O #")' 0"00) 0",!5 0"0,
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
99/244
',1
Total 5/#"'') 1(000 1"000
%tt%#
9 = 1"1/ atm = )!"00# mmBgT = 55 o$ = '),"1/ K
Komposisi :
Komponen kmol*&am Wi Ki = 9i * 9 i = Wi(Ki$B'OB '")51 0"00 '"!!# 0"0,)
B,O !)1"!)5 0"55, 0"51 0"5)'Total !)/",)0 1"000 1"000
. e!ain K%$%# e!ti$a!i
Met%+e /ra8i*
7. ata *e!eti#angan Ua&-Cair untu* Air +an Metan%$ &a+a 1 at#
apor %iuid
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
100/244
',,
P=10( A−( BC +T ))
dimana 9 = mmBg" T = oK
+ata Gra;ik Kesetimbangan $ampuran etanol - 7ir
T1 Saturated = ##"5!5$
T, Saturated = 10,"#5/$
T (K)Pa (##g) P (##g)
@ ;(#etan%$) (air)
'!0(055 '#(000 ,0!(#1 1(000 1(000'!'(055 5'(0)5 ,''(,5' 0(// 0(5#0'!#(055 10/0(,5, ,#/(,5 0(),) 0(51''!5(055 11)'('5 '00(50) 0(#1' 0(#1'/,(055 1'0(15' '!0(!#/ 0(/1, 0(01'//(055 1!//(/10 '!('00 0(!,, 0()'!'/(055 1#1#(,1) !',())0 0('!1 0(#/5'#1(055 1)51(,,1 !#(,/, 0(,# 0(/)!'#!(055 151(!#! /!/(1!' 0(,0' 0(!0'#)(055 ,1)(5, #05(#1 0(1!' 0(')/')0(055 ,!11(#'1 #0(!) 0(050 0(,/5')'(055 ,#/'(#,) )/(/#, 0(0!1 0(1'0')/(!/ ,5,(0! '#(000 0(000 0(000
3 #ntrod*ction to C%emical Engineering T%ermod)namics+Sixt% Ed,+ -,., Smit% dkk,, Pg,/014
/ra8i* ! G
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
101/244
','
0.000 0.200 0.400 0.600 0.800 1.000 1.200
0.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
0.800
1.000
1.200
"
X
Y
. Men"ari ra!i% re8$u* #ini#u#
+ari gra;ik .( $abe and Thiele didapat nilai :
X D
R m+1
X D
Rm+1=¿
1+ 2m
3D
= 0")#
m 81 = 1"'0#
m = 0"'0#
9. Men"ari ra!i% re8$u*! a"tua$
= 1"/ 2 m
= 1"/ 2 0"'0# = 0"!#0
1+ 2 3D
= 0"#0
T top = ##"0#,$
T bottom = 55 $
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
102/244
',!
• Temperatur rata-rata
TaPg =
Ttop+Tbottom2 ,
4ottomtop T T +
TaPg = ,"/'1 $
+ari gra;ik .( $abe and Thiele didapatkan stage teoritis 3?t4 = stages
:. E8i!ien!i Tra;
K%#&%nen F H (N!=#) F .H ? Ha
$B'OB 0"### 0",)0 0"10
B,O 0"''! 0"''# 0"11,Total 1"000 0",5,
elatiPe Polatility 3Z4 = !"11aka" dengan metode OM$onnel $orrelation 3@( $oulson ol( #4 :
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
103/244
',/
= '"501 kg*det
= % 8 +
= 1!(0!,"# kg*&am 8 '0(/!"!'5kg*&am
= !!(/51"1,) kg*&am
= 1,"'# kg*det
+ata Fisik Vapo*r Li5*id .ass 6low rate 3kg*det4
Densit) 3kg*m'4
Vol*metric 6low rate 3m'*det4
1,"'#
#"',
1"5/)
'"501
)!'"#
0"00/S*r&ace tension 3?*m4 0"0'/
. ia#eter *%$%#
a, Li5*id 7Vapo*r 6low 6actor 86 LV 9
6 LV = L
V
W
W
V
L
ρ
ρ
3$oulson(
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
104/244
',#
u; =V
V L ; ρ
ρ ρ −^1
3$oulson(
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
105/244
',)
=1,"01
1"50,
−m
= ,"1# m,
h( +iameter kolom 3+.4
+. =1!"'
! Ac
3$oulson( p(!),4
=1!"'
4 ,"1#3!,
m
= 1"##,
". e!ain plate
a( +iameter kolom 3+.4 = 1"##, m
b( %uas area kolom 37.4
7. =!
1!"'(, x Dc
3$oulson( p(!)'4
=!
1!"'41"##,3 , x
= ,"1# m,
.( +oEn.omer area 37d4
7d = persen doEn.omer 2 7. 3$oulson( p(!)'4
= 0"1, 3,"1# m,4
= 0",#0 m,
d( ?et area 37n4
7n = 7. 7d
= ,"1#m, 0",#0 m,
= 1"50 m,
e( 7.tiPe area 37a4
7a = 7. , 7d 3$oulson( p(!)'4
= ,"1#m, , 30",#0m,4
= 1"#!) m,
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
106/244
',
;( Bole area 37h4 ditetapkan 10 6 dari 7a berdasarkan rekomendasi pada buku
C%emical Engineering+ (ol, :+ Co*lson+ p, 1:<
7h = 10 6 ( 7a
= 0"1 31"#!) m,4
= 0"1#/ m,
g( ?ilai weir lengt% 3>E4 ditentukan dari ;igure 11('1" $oulson Pol #
Ordinat =
100 x Ac
Ad
=
100m ,"1#
m 0",#0,
,
×
= 1,
7bsis =
Dc
w #
= 0"))Sehingga :
>E = +. 2 0"))
= 1"##,m 2 0"))
= 1",)5 m
h( 9enentuan nilai weir %eig%t 3hE4" %ole diameter 3dh4" dan plate t%ickness" 3nilai ini
sama untuk kolom atas dan kolom baEah4
i( Weir %eig%t 3hE4 = /0 mmnilai Eeir height direkomendasikan pada buku C%emical Engineering+ (ol, :+
Co*lson+ p, 1=>
ii( !ole diameter 3dh4 = / mm
ukuran tersebut merupakan pre&erred si?e sesuai rekomendasi pada buku
C%emical Engineering+ (ol, :+ Co*lson+ p, 1=/
iii( Plate t%ickness = / mm 3untuk car4on steel 4
+. Penge"e*an
Check weeping
a2imum liuid rate 3%m"ma24
%m"ma2 =#00('
L
=#00('
kg*&am 1!(0!,"#
3$oulson( p(!)'4
= '"501kg*det
inimum liiud rate 3%m"min4
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
107/244
',5
inimum liuid rate pada )0 6 liuid turn doEn ratio
%m"min = 0") 2 %m" 3$oulson( p(!)'4
= 0") 2 3'"501kg*det4
= ,")'1 kg*det
Ceir liuid .rest 3hoE4
hoE =
',
)/0
#w
Lm
l ρ
3$oulson(
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
108/244
''0
inimum design Papour Pelo.ity 3_h4
`h =
( )[ ]
( ) ,1
, !",/50"0
V
d% ;
ρ
−−
3$oulson(
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
109/244
''1
Sehingga didapat nilai Ori;i.e .oe;i.ient 3$o4 = 0"!
+ry plate drop 3hd4
hd =
L
V
CoU%
ρ ρ
,
/1
∧
3$oulson((
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
110/244
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
111/244
'''
= / 6
Antuk nilai F% = 0"0,5 dari ;igure 11(,5 $oulson ed #
+idapat nilai = 0"1!
Ketentuan bahEa nilai harus lebih ke.il dari 1" telah terpenuhi(
3$oulson((p(!)/4
e. Tria$ &$ate $a;%ut
+igunakan plate type .artridge" dengan /0 mm unper;orted strip mengelilingi
pinggir plate dan /0 mm Eide .alming zones(
+ari ;igure 11(', $oulson ed # pada Dc
#w
= 0"))
+i dapat nilai c$ = 5
Sudut subtended antara pinggir plate dengan unper;orated strip 3c4
c = 10 - c$ 3$oulson((p(!)/4
= 10 5
= ,
ean length" unper;orated edge strips 3%m4
%m =
( )
−10
1!(' θ
x%w Dc
3$oulson((p(!)/4
= ,"'0/ m
7rea o; unper;orated edge strip 37up4
7up = hE ( %m 3$ouldson((p(!)/4
7up = /0 2 10-'m 2 ,"'0/ m= 0"11/ m,
ean length o; .alming zone 3%.z4
%.z =
−,
sin43 C %w Dc θ
3$ouldson((p(!)/4
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
112/244
''!
= 1",1# m
7rea o; .alming zone 37.z4
7.z = , 3%.z ( hE4 3$oulson((p(!)/4
= , 31",1# m 2 /0 (10-' m4
= 0"1,, m,
Total area per;orated 37p4
7p = 7a 37up 8 7.z4 3$ouldson((p(!)/4
= 1"#!)m, 30"11/ m,8 0"1,, m,4
= 1"!10 m,
+ari ;igure 11('' $oulson ed # di dapat nilai >p*dh = ,( untuk nilai 7h*7p =
0(11)
?ilai >p*dh harus berada dalam range ,(/ !(0 3$ouldson((p(!#/4
@umlah holes
7rea untuk 1 hole 37oh4
7oh =!
1!"',d%
3$ouldson((p(!)/4
=!
410/31!"'
,'− x
= 15#(,/ 2 10-)m,
@umlah holes = Ao%
A%
3$ouldson((p(!)/4
@umlah holes =10215#",/
0"1#/)-
= ('5!"!)/
= ('5! holes
8. Ketea$an #ini#u# *%$%# agian ata!.
Ketebalan dinding bagian head" thead
t =
c
j
C P E S
Da P +
− (,(0((,(
39eters Tabel(! Bal /')4
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
113/244
''/
Ketebalan dinding bagian silinder" tsilinder
t =
c
j
i C P E S
r P +
− (#(0((
39eters Tabel(! Bal /')4Keterangan :
t = tebal dinding"
P = tekanan desain"
@1"0/ atm
D @ diameter"
= 1"##, m
r = &ari-&ari" m= 0"'1 m
S = tekanan ker&a yang diizinkan"
= 5',",,#atm 3untuk material .arbon steel suhu -,0 hingga
#/0oF4
< = e;isiensi pengelasan
= 0"/ 3spot e2amined4
$. = korosi yang diizinkan" m
= '1"/ 2 10-! m
Tebal dinding silinder "
t =
C C P E S
r P
#(0+
⋅⋅⋅
= !",/1 2 10-'m
Tebal dinding ellipsoidal head "
t =
C C P E S
D P,(0, +⋅⋅ ⋅
= !",/, 2 10-'m
Sehingga :
O+ = >+ 8 ,tsilinder
= 1"##, m 8 , 3!",/, 2 10-'m4
= 1"#)0 m
. e!ain *%$%# agian a5ah (Stri&ing !e"ti%n)
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
114/244
''#
a. ata 8i!i* untu* !tri&ing !e"ti%n
F = '5(1#'")'1 kg*&am
% = 1!(0!,"# kg*&am
= !!(/51"1,) kg*&am
= 1
=
( )
6
L L −L
3Treyball"
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
115/244
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
116/244
''
= sm
sm
*011"
*,"0'5 '
= ,"00' m,
g( $ross se.tion area dengan 1, 6 doEn.ormer area 37.4
7sumsi diambil sebesar 1, 6 berdasarkan rekomendasi pada buku C%emical
Engineering+ (ol, :+ Co*lson+ p, 1:<
7. =1,"01−
An
3$oulson( p(!),4
=1,"01 ,"00'
,
−m
= ,",)) m,
h( +iameter kolom 3+.4
+. =
1!('
! Ac
3@ ($ouldson( p(!),4
=1!"'
4,",))3! ,m
= 1")0' m
". e!ain &$ate
a( +iameter kolom 3+.4 = 1")0' m
b( %uas area kolom 37.4
7. =!
1!"'(, x Dc
3$oulson( p(!)'4
=!
1!"'(41")0'3 , x
= ,",)) m,
.( +oEn.omer area 37d4
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
117/244
''5
7d = persen doEn.omer 2 7. 3$oulson( p(!)'4
= 0"1, 2 3,",)) m,4
= 0",)' m,
d( ?et area 37n4
7n = 7. 7d
= ,",))m, 0",)' m,
= ,"00' m,
e( 7.tiPe area 37a4
7a = 7. , 7d 3$oulson( p(!)'4
= ,",))m, , 30",)' m,4= 1")'0 m,
;( Bole area 37h4 ditetapkan 106 dari 7a berdasarkan rekomendasi pada buku
C%emical Engineering+ (ol, :+ Co*lson+ p, 1:<
7h = 10 6 ( 7a
= 0"1 21")'0 m,
= 0"1)' m,
g( ?ilai Eeir length 3>E4 ditentukan dari ;igure 11('1" $oulson ed #
Ordinat =
100 x Ac
Ad
= 1,
7bsis = Dc
w #
= 0"))
Sehingga :
>E = +. 2 0"))
= 1")0'm 2 0"))
= 1"'11 m
h( 9enentuan nilai Eeir height 3hE4 " hole diameter 3dh4" dan plate thi.kness"
3nilai ini sama untuk kolom atas dan kolom baEah4
Ceir height 3hE4 = /0 mm 3$oulson( p(/)14
Bole diameter 3dh4 = / mm 3$oulson( p(/)'4
9late thi.kness = / mm 3$oulson( p(/)'4
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
118/244
'!0
+. Penge"e*an
Check weeping
a2imum liuid rate 3%m"ma24
%m"ma2 ='#00
L
3$oulson( p(!)'4
=#00('
kg*&am /'(,0#"!1
= 1!")0 kg*det
inimum liiud rate 3%m"min4inimum liuid rate pada )0 6 liuid t*rn down ratio
%m"min = 0") %m" ma2 3$oulson( p(!)'4
= 0") 31!")0 kg*det4
= 10"'!# kg*det
Ceir liuid .rest 3hoE4
hoE =
',
)/0
#w
Lm
l ρ 3$oulson(
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
119/244
'!1
9ada rate minimum
hE 8 hoE = /0 mm 8 ,5")) mm
= )5")) mm
+ari ;igure 11('0 $oulson ed #
K , = '0")
inimum design Papour Pelo.ity 3_h4
`h =
( )[ ]
( ) ,1
, !",/50"0
V
d% ;
ρ
−−
3$oulson(
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
120/244
'!,
Ap
A%
= Aa
A%
= 0"1
Ap
A%
2 100 = 10
Sehingga didapat nilai Ori;i.e .oe;i.ient 3$o4 = 0"!
+ry plate drop 3hd4
hd =
L
V
Co
U%
ρ
ρ
,
/1
∧
$oulson((
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
121/244
'!'
7ap = hap ( >E 3$oulson((p(!)!4
= !0 2 10-' m 21"'11 m
= 0"0/, m,
Karena nilai 7ap lebih ke.il dari nilai 7d 30",)' m ,4" maka nilai 7ap yang
digunakan pada perhitungan head loss di doEn.omer 3hd.4
Bead loss in the doEn.omer 3hd.4
Bd. =
,
ma2"1##
Aap
Lm
L ρ
3$oulson((
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
122/244
'!!
6 ;looding =
100 x*
*
&
(
3$oulson((p(!)!4
= / Antuk nilai F% = 0"05' dari ;igure 11(,5 $oulson ed #
+idapat nilai = 0"0!
Ketentuan bahEa nilai harus lebih ke.il dari 1" telah terpenuhi(
3$oulson((p(!)/4
e. Tria$ &$ate $a;%ut
+igunakan plate type .artridge" dengan /0 mm unper;orted strip mengelilingi pinggir plate dan /0 mm Eide .alming zones(
+ari ;igure 11(', $oulson ed # pada Dc
#w
= 0"))
+i dapat nilai c$ = 5 $
Sudut subtended antara pinggir plate dengan unper;orated strip 3c4
c = 10 - c$ 3$oulson((p(!)/4
= 10 5= ,
ean length" unper;orated edge strips 3%m4
%m =
( )
−10
1!"' θ
x%w Dc
3$oulson((p(!)/4
= ,"'#! m
7rea o; unper;orated edge strip 37up4
7up = hE ( %m 3$oulson((p(!)/4
= /0 2 10-'m 2,"'#! m
= 0"11 m,
ean length o; .alming zone 3%.z4
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
123/244
'!/
%.z =
−,
sin43 C %w Dc θ
3$oulson((p(!)/4
= 1",! m
7rea o; .alming zone 37.z4
7.z = , 3%.z ( hE4 3$oulson((p(!)/4
= , 31",! m 2 /0 (10-'m4
= 0"1,/ m,
Total area per;orated 37p4
7p = 7a 37up 8 7.z4 3$ouldson((p(!)/4
= 1")'0 m, 30"11 m,8 0"1,/ m,4
= 1"!) m,
+ari ;igure 11('' $oulson ed # di dapat nilai >p*dh = ,"/ untuk nilai 7h*7p =
0"11#
?ilai >p*dh harus berada dalam range ,"/ !"0 3$oulson((p(!#/4
@umlah holes
7rea untuk 1 hole 37oh4
7oh =!
1!"',d%
3$oulson((p(!)/4
=!
410/31!"'
,'− x
= 1"5#'2 10-/m,
@umlah holes = Ao%
A%
3$oulson((p(!)/4
=
/-1021"5#'
0"1)'
= (1#"!0
= (1# holes
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
124/244
'!#
8. Ketea$an #ini#u# *%$%# agian a5ah.
Ketebalan dinding bagian head" thead
t =
c
j
C P E S
Da P +
− (,(0((,(
39etersTabel(! Bal /')4
Ketebalan dinding bagian silinder" tsilinder
t =
c
j
i C P E S
r P +
− (#(0((
39etersTabel(! Bal /')4
Keterangan :
t = tebal dinding" m
P = tekanan desain" atm
@1", atm
D @ diameter" m
= 1")0' m
r = &ari-&ari" m
= 0"/1 m
S = tekanan ker&a yang diizinkan" psi= 5',",,# atm 3untuk material .arbon steel suhu -,0 hingga
#/0oF4
< = e;isiensi pengelasan
= 0"/ 3spot e2amined4
$. = korosi yang diizinkan" in
= '(, 2 10-' m
Tebal dinding silinder "
t =
C C P E S
r P
#(0+
⋅⋅⋅
= !"!50 2 10-' m
Tebal dinding ellipsoidal head "
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
125/244
'!)
t =
C C P E S
D P
,(0,+
⋅⋅⋅
= !"!51 2 10-'m
Sehingga :
O+ = >+ 8 ,tsilinder
= 1")0' m 8 , 3!"!51 2 10-'m4
= 1")1, m
E. Tinggi *%$%# +e!ti$a!i
B = 3?s 2 tray spa.ing4 8'"0!
= 31! 2 0"/4 8 '"0!= 10"'0) m
Be = tinggi tutup ellipsoidal
= Y 2 >+
= Y 2 1"##,
= 0"!1/ m
Be = tinggi tutup ellipsoidal
= Y 2 >+
= Y 2 1")0' m
= 0"!,# m
Bt = B 8 Be atas 8 Be baEah
= 10"'0)m 8 0"!1/ m 8 0"!,# m
= 11"1! m
IENTIFIKASI
?ama 7lat Kolom destilasi7lat Kode K+-0,@enis Sie(e Tra) Col*mn@umlah 1 buahOperasi Kontinyu
FungsiAntuk memperoleh produk utama etanol
dengan kemurnian 55"# 6
ATA ESI/N
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
126/244
'!
T%& %tt%#
Tekanan 1", atm 1"/ atmTemperatur !"# o$ 55 o$
KOLOM
T%& %tt%#
+iameter 1"##, m 1")0' mTray spa.ing 0"/ m 0"/ m@umlah tray # buah buahTebal !",/1 2 10-' m !"!50 2 10-' material $arbon steel
PLATE
T%& %tt%#
+oEn.omer area 0",#0 m, 0",)' m,
7.tiPe area 1"#!) m, 1")'0 m,
Bole +iameter / mm / mmBole area 0"1#/ m, 0"1)' m,
Tinggi Eeir /0 mm /0 mm9an&ang Eeir 1",)5 1"'11 mTebal pelat / mm / m
9ressure drop per tray 1#")50 mm liuid 1/'"!#/mm
liuidTipe aliran .airan Single pass Single pass+esain 6 ;looding / 6 / 6@umlah hole '5! buah (1# buah
1. KOMPRESOR-01 (K-01)
Fungsi :Antuk mengalirkan udara dan menaikkan tekanan udara yang akan
masuk ke Beater-013B-014
Tipe : $enti;ugal $ompressor
Gambar :
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
127/244
'!5
1( +ata
%a&u alir massa 3E4 = /!(/!1"#/5kg*&am= 1,0(,!'")5# lb*&am= ,(00!"0#' lb*min
+ensitas 34 = )"//, kg*mU= 0"!), lb*;tU
k =Cp campuran
Cp cam− R =31,016
31,016−8,314 = 1"'##
,( Kondisi Operasi:
Tekanan" 9in = 1/ atm 9out = /1 atm
Temperatur" Tin = '0$ = /!/"#)0 Faktor Keamanan = 106
'( olumetri. FloErate"
=laju alir massa
densitas
=2.004,063lb /min
0,472lb / ft 3
= !(,/0")5# ;tU*min
!( 9oEer Kompressor 39E4
9E =0.0643 kT Q
1
520(k −1) [( P
2
P1 )
(k −1)/k
−1
] 39ers(('0".($abe4
+imana:K = 1"'##V = 069, = /1 atm91 = 1/ atm = !(#)/")# ;t'*min
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
128/244
'/0
9E =
( )
−
−
−
11/
/1
0"041'##"13/,0
4 )#"#)/(!34/!#34'##"130#!'"0'##"1*1'##"1
= /)1",0, Bp= /)1 Bp
/( asio Kompresi" .
. = 39out*9in4=3/1 atm*1/ atm4= '"!
@umlah stage" ? = 1. perstage = 3.41*?
=(3,4)1 /1
= '"!
#( 9ada Stage 1
9i = 1/ atm $1 = 39o^*9i4aka:9o^ = .1 2 9i
= '"! 2 1/ atm= /1 atm
Temperatur yang keluar dari Kompresor stage 1:
T, = T1 [ P2 P1 ]( ! −1)/ !
39ers( 1,('0 %udEig4
= Tin .3K-14*K
= 3'0$4 2 (3,4)(1,366−1)/ 1,366
= !1"#!) $
)( Kapasitas Kompressor
%a&u alir Polumetrik = !(,/0")5# ;t'*minFaktor keamanan = 106aka:
Kapasitas kompressor = 31006 8 1064 " !(,/0")5# ;t'*min
= !(#)/")# ;t'*min
IENTIFIKASI
?ama alat Kompresor-01
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
129/244
'/1
Kode alat K-01@umlah 1 buahOperasi Kontinyu
FungsiAntuk menaikkan tekanan gas sebelum masuk
reaktor-01 3 - 014
ATA ESI/N
Tipe $entri;ugal $ompressor Kapasitas" ;t'*min !(#)/")#Temperatur" o$ '0Tekanan asuk" atm 1/Tekanan Keluar" atm /19oEer" hp /)1
@umlah stage 1ahan *%n!tru*!i Car%n !tee$
14. KOMPRESOR-0 (K-0)
Fung!i 2 Antuk mengalirkan udara dan menaikkan tekanan udara yang
akan masuk ke 9ressure SEing 7dsorber-01 39S7-014
Ti&e 2 $entri;ugal $ompressor
/a#ar 2
1. ata 2
%a&u alir massa 3E4 = #!11")/ kg*&am
= 1!1'/"/05 lb*&am
= ,'/"/5, lb*min
+ensitas 3ρ4 = 1"0,) kg*m'
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
130/244
'/,
= 0"0#!1 lb*;t'
k =
2camCp
camp*ranCp
−
= 1"'#//
. K%n+i!i O&era!i 2
Tekanan" 9in = , atm
9out = ,1 atm
Temperatur" Tin = '00$ = /!# o
Faktor Keamanan= 106
. %$u#etri" F$%5rate'
=densitas
massaalir laj*
=lb*;t'0"0#!1
lb*min,'/"/5,
= '(#)!"#0/ ;t'*min
4. P%5er K%#&re!!%r (P5)
9E =
−
−
−
1413/,0
0#!'"0*413
1
,1
k k
P
P
k
QT k
η
3 pers( ('0" .( $abe4
+imana :K = 1"'#//
η = 0"0
9, = ,1 atm
91 = , atm
= '(#)!"#0/;t'*min
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
131/244
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
132/244
'/!
9i = #"!0) atm
$, = 39o^ * 9i4
aka :
9o^ = .1 2 9i
= '",!0! 2 #"!0)atm
= ,1 atm
Temperatur yang keluar dari Kompresor stage 1 :
T' = T,
;' ;
p
P *413
,
'
−
3 pers( 1,('0 %udEig4= Tin .K-1*K?
= 3'/"11,!o$4 2 3'",!0!431"'#//-14 * 31"'#// 2 14
= !1"05#0o$
= /#/"#!
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
133/244
'//
Temperatur" o$ '0Tekanan asuk" atm ,
Tekanan Keluar" atm ,1
9oEer" hp 1(11#@umlah stage ,ahan *%n!tru*!i Car%n Stee$
17. POMPA (P-01)
Fung!i : engalirkan output bottom KO+-01 menu&u kolom
distilasi 3K+-014
Ti&e : $entri;ugal pump
ahan K%n!tru*!i : $arbon Steel/a#ar :
+ata +esain
Temperatur" T : '0°$
FloErate" ms : !(1,5"500 kg*&am = 10#(10",/lb*&am
+ensitas ;luida" ρ : ),",kg*m' = !")#lb*;t'
iskositas"µ : 0"/0.p = 1",'0lb*;t(hr
Tekanan uap" 9uap : #'/"/'!mmBg = 1,",5psi = 1)#5"#!,lb;*;t,
1. Ka&a!ita! P%#&a' 8
m; = ms
= 10#(10",/ lb*&am
= 1()#"!)1 lb*min
; =
ρ
& m
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
134/244
'/#
=
'lb*;t!")#
lb*min1()#"!)1
= '#",#, ;t'
*min= 0"#0!! ;t'*se.
= ,)1",#1 gal*min
. Menentu*an U*uran Pi&a
+iameter 9ipa
Antuk aliran turbulent yang mempunyai range Piskositas 0"0, ,0 .p maka
digunakan rumus diameter dalam optimum pipa
+opt = '"5 ; 0"!/ 2 ρ0"1' R(( 9eter hal ,/#
= '"5 2 30"#0!!;t'*se.40"!/ 23!")#) lb*;t'4 0"1'
= /"1/'# in
+ari ta4el >B>< Properties o& steel pipe+ Perr)s c%emical Engineers
!and4ook+ %al >B= 7 >B=0" dimensi pipa yang digunakan adalah :
Antuk Su.tion 9ipe
>9S : / in = 0"!1#) ;t
S? : !0
>+ : /"0!) in = 0"!,0# ;t
O+ : /"/#' in = 0"!#'# ;t
%s : ! m = 1'"1,'! ;t
aJ : 0"1'5 ;t, = ,0"01#0 in,
Antuk +is.harge 9ipe
>9S : ! in = 0"'''' ;t
S? : !0
>+ : '"1) in = 0",#!, ;t
O+ : !"/ in = 0"')/0 ;t
%d : 10 m = ',"0! ;t
aJ : 0"0/1' ;t, = )"'), in,
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
135/244
'/)
. Perhitungan Pa+a Su"ti%n
a( Su.tion ;ri.tion loss
Su.tion Pelo.ity" s =a
Q &
=
,
'
1'50"0
*se.;t0"#0!!
&t
= !"'!0 ;t*se.
= 1/(#/,"'5 ;t*&am
c g
V
,
,
=
( ) sl4& l4 &t (*(1)!0"',(,
;t*s!"'!0,
= 0",5' ;t( lb;*lb
eynold ?umber" ?e = µ
ρ ((V D
=%r &t l4
&t l4 jam &t &t (*,'0'"1
*)#"!(*'5"#/,(1/(!,0#"0'
= ,#0(5//"01!
aterial yang digunakan untuk konstruksi pipa adalah $ommer.ial Steel
9ipeJ
+ari &ig*re >0>, 6anning &riction &actors &or long straig%t pipes, Peter+ %al
0
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
136/244
'/
9ada ?e = ,#0(5//"01! an f*+ = 0"000!" dari &ig*re >0>, 6anning &riction
&actors &or long straig%t pipes, Peter+ %al 0
-
8/19/2019 Lampiran III Spesifikasi Alat
137/244
'/5
K . = 0"! 31",/ 7, * 714
71 = %uas penampang 1 371III 7,4
7, = %uas penampang ," = 0"1'50 ;t,
α = 1 untuk aliran