KUL-bioENERGI BIOMASSA

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ENERGI BIOMASSA ENERGI BIOMASSA ELP ELP (TEP 350) (TEP 350) 2007

Transcript of KUL-bioENERGI BIOMASSA

Page 1: KUL-bioENERGI  BIOMASSA

ENERGI BIOMASSAENERGI BIOMASSA

ELPELP

(TEP 350)(TEP 350)

2007

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BIOMASSA

Bahan organik yang dihasilkan dariproses fotosintesis berupa produk,buangan, hasil ekskresi.

Contoh: tanaman (pohon, rumput, umbi), limbah pertanian/perkebunan/hutan, limbah industri, kotoran ternak/hewan, tinja

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WHYBIOMASS ??

Endah,2006

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Oil54.4%

Gas26.5%

Others0.2%

Geo thermal

1.4%

Hydro3.4%

Coal14.1%

National Energy MIXNational Energy MIX

Gas30%

Coal33%

Oil20%

Biofuel5% Geo

thermal5%

Others7%

Nuclear BiomassHydroSolarWindLiq. Coal

#Presidential Decree No. 5/2006

Energy MIX 2003

Targeted Energy MIX 2025#

Biofuel will have at least 5% share of total National

Energy MIX in 2025

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Pembangkitan Pembangkitan tenaga listriktenaga listrik

TransportasiTransportasi IndustriIndustri Rumah tangga Rumah tangga dan komersialdan komersial

batubarabatubara GasGas GasGas ListrikListrik

GasGas ListrikListrik BatubaraBatubara LPGLPG

Panas bumiPanas bumi Bio-fuelBio-fuel Hidrat gas Hidrat gas bumibumi

BriketBriket

Tenaga air (PLTA)Tenaga air (PLTA) Batubara cairBatubara cair biomassabiomassa Gas kotaGas kota

Tenaga air Tenaga air (mikrohidro(mikrohidro

GTL (gas to liquid)GTL (gas to liquid) BiogasBiogas

DME (dimethyl DME (dimethyl ether)ether)

Hidrogen,Hidrogen,

fuel cellfuel cell

Energi suryaEnergi surya

Energi suryaEnergi surya Hidrat gas bumiHidrat gas bumi Fuel cellFuel cell

Tenaga anginTenaga angin Hidrat gas bumiHidrat gas bumi

Energi in situEnergi in situ

Bio-dieselBio-dieselSumber : BP PEN 2005

Pengembangan jenis sumber energi alternatif pada masing-masingSektor, berdasarkan Blue Print Pengelolaan Energi Nasional

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sago

Ubi kayu

ONGGOK

jagung

Bahan bakuBio-ethanol

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Endah,2007

Bahan bakuBio-dieselyang diunggulkan

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BIOMASS WASTE POTENCYBIOMASS WASTE POTENCY

LOGGING WASTELOGGING WASTE

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BIOMASS WASTE POTENCYBIOMASS WASTE POTENCY

AGRICULTURAL WASTEAGRICULTURAL WASTE

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BIOMASS WASTE POTENCYBIOMASS WASTE POTENCY

INDUSTRIAL WASTEINDUSTRIAL WASTE

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SAW DUST

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INDUSTRIAL WASTE

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BIOMASS UTILIZATIONBIOMASS UTILIZATION

BIOMASSBIOMASS

PRIMARY PRODUCTSPRIMARY PRODUCTS (food, fiber, rubber, oil, cellulose,(food, fiber, rubber, oil, cellulose, building & furniture materials, etc)building & furniture materials, etc)

ANIMALANIMAL FERTILIZER FERTILIZERFEED STOCKFEED STOCK

WASTEWASTESECOND.PRODUCTSSECOND.PRODUCTS(chemical, particle board,(chemical, particle board, alcohol, art goods, etc)alcohol, art goods, etc)

ENERGY RESOURCESENERGY RESOURCES

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SEVERAL KINDS OF BIOMASS WASTESEVERAL KINDS OF BIOMASS WASTE

NoNo commoditiescommodities Harvesting wasteHarvesting waste Processing wasteProcessing waste

11 paddypaddy strawstraw Rice husk, rice hullsRice husk, rice hulls

22 corncorn Stalks, outer skinStalks, outer skin Corn cobsCorn cobs

33 fruitsfruits (out of grade fruits)(out of grade fruits) Bunches, shells, skin, seeds, Bunches, shells, skin, seeds, etcetc

44 vegetablesvegetables Stalks, (out of grade Stalks, (out of grade vegetables)vegetables)

Skin, cutting or peeling wasteSkin, cutting or peeling waste

55 coconutcoconut Bunches, dry leaves, Bunches, dry leaves, woodwood

Coconut shells, husk, water, Coconut shells, husk, water,

66 Palm oilPalm oil EFB, dry leavesEFB, dry leaves Shells, husk, sludgeShells, husk, sludge

77 Sugar caneSugar cane leavesleaves Bagasse, mollassesBagasse, mollasses

88 cassavacassava stalksstalks SkinSkin

99 rubberrubber Wood (replanting)Wood (replanting) --

1010 Coffee beanCoffee bean (non productive trees)(non productive trees) Outer skin, huskOuter skin, husk

1111 woodwood Wood (logging waste)Wood (logging waste) Saw dust, wood chip, etcSaw dust, wood chip, etc

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SOME OF POTENTIAL BIOMASS WASTESOME OF POTENTIAL BIOMASS WASTE

NoNo Products or Products or commoditiescommodities

Type of biomass Type of biomass wastewaste

PotencyPotency

11 paddypaddy strawstraw 5000 kg/ton paddy5000 kg/ton paddy

22 Rice Rice Rice huskRice husk 280 kg/ton paddy280 kg/ton paddy

33 cassavacassava stalksstalks 800 kg/ton cassava800 kg/ton cassava

44 corncorn Corn cobsCorn cobs NANA

55 coconutcoconut Fiber/huskFiber/husk 280 kg/ton coconut280 kg/ton coconut

66 coconutcoconut Coconut shellCoconut shell 150 kg/ton coconut150 kg/ton coconut

77 rubberrubber Wood (replanting)Wood (replanting) 1500 m3/Ha replant1500 m3/Ha replant

88 cacaocacao Cacao shellsCacao shells NANA

99 Palm oilPalm oil Wood (replanting)Wood (replanting) 74.5 ton/Ha replant74.5 ton/Ha replant

1010 Palm oilPalm oil FrondsFronds 24.84 ton/Ha24.84 ton/Ha

1111 Palm oilPalm oil FEBFEB 200 kg/ton FFB200 kg/ton FFB

1212 Palm oilPalm oil Fiber and shellFiber and shell 420 kg/ton CPO420 kg/ton CPO

1313 Processed woodProcessed wood Saw dustSaw dust 203 041.6 m3/year203 041.6 m3/year

1414 Processed woodProcessed wood Other wood wastesOther wood wastes 1 827 373.7 m3/year1 827 373.7 m3/year

1515 Sugar caneSugar cane bagassbagass 280 kg/ton sugar280 kg/ton sugar

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Potensi limbah produksi bio-fuel*Potensi limbah produksi bio-fuel*

NoNo Jenis bahan baku Jenis bahan baku

bio-fuelbio-fuel

Jenis limbahJenis limbah Potensi limbahPotensi limbah

11 CPOCPO Pelepah daunPelepah daun 24.84 ton/Ha24.84 ton/Ha

22 CPOCPO Tandan kosong (FEB)Tandan kosong (FEB) 200 kg/ton FFB200 kg/ton FFB

33 CPOCPO Serat dan cangkangSerat dan cangkang 420 kg/ton CPO420 kg/ton CPO

44 CPOCPO Kayu (replanting)Kayu (replanting) 74.5 ton/Ha replant74.5 ton/Ha replant

55 CPOCPO Lumpur sawitLumpur sawit NANA

66 CPOCPO Limbah cairLimbah cair NANA

77 JagungJagung Bonggol jagungBonggol jagung NANA

88 Ubi kayuUbi kayu Batang pohonBatang pohon 800 kg/ton ubi kayu800 kg/ton ubi kayu

99 Tetes gula tebuTetes gula tebu bagassebagasse 280 kg/ton gula280 kg/ton gula

1010 Minyak jarakMinyak jarak Kulit/daging buahKulit/daging buah NANA

1111 Minyak jarakMinyak jarak CangkangCangkang NANA

1212 Minyak jarakMinyak jarak Getah (gum)Getah (gum) NANA

1313 Minyak jarakMinyak jarak Ampas jarakAmpas jarak 700 kg/ton biji jarak700 kg/ton biji jarak

* Diolah dari berbagai sumber

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COMPARATION of HEAT CALORIFIC VALUES of COMPARATION of HEAT CALORIFIC VALUES of SOME BIOMASS and OTHER FUELSSOME BIOMASS and OTHER FUELS

BiomassBiomass Calor valuesCalor values

(MJ/kg)(MJ/kg)

BiomassBiomass Calor valuesCalor values

(MJ/kg)(MJ/kg)

Rice strawRice straw 15.2115.21 Oak charc.Oak charc. 23.023.0

Rice huskRice husk 15.3715.37 CokesCokes 28.028.0

Corn cobsCorn cobs 18.918.9 PropanePropane 46.3546.35

Coconut huskCoconut husk 20.120.1 KeroseneKerosene 43.1243.12

CoconutCoconut

shellsshells

18.118.1 Gasoline 73 Gasoline 73 octanoctan 44.1344.13

BambooBamboo 16.4116.41 MethaneMethane 50.0350.03

BagasseBagasse 16.2116.21 CoalCoal 16.316.3

Hard woodHard wood 19.7319.73

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Biomass energy conversion technologyBiomass energy conversion technology

oil extraction (bio-oil, bio-diesel)oil extraction (bio-oil, bio-diesel)

hydrolysis & fermentation hydrolysis & fermentation (ethanol)(ethanol)

an aerobic digestionan aerobic digestion (biogas/methane)(biogas/methane)Biomass &Biomass &Biomass waste pyrolysis & gasification (combust.gas)Biomass waste pyrolysis & gasification (combust.gas)

slow pyrolysis (charcoal, solid fuel)slow pyrolysis (charcoal, solid fuel)

briquettingbriquetting (solid fuel)(solid fuel)

direct combustiondirect combustion

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biomassa

mikrobiologis

Pirolisis lambat

Pirolisis cepat(gasifikasi)

densifikasi

pembakaran

gas

arang

tar

ekstraksiBio oil

BB padat

E.mekanis

E.listrik

Prosespanas

engine

Gas turbine

burner

stove

Boiler &Turbin uap

Generator

engine

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TEKNOLOGIKONVERSIENERGI BIOMASSA

TEKNOLOGIKONVERSIENERGI BIOMASSA