KONSEP PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN STADION … · Dengan Judul Konsep Perencanaan Dan Perancangan...

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KONSEP PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN


STADION SEPAKBOLA DENGAN PENDEKATAN ARSITEKTUR HIJAU DI KABUPATEN SRAGEN

TUGAS AKHIR

Diajukan sebagai Syarat untuk Mencapai

Gelar Sarjana Arsitektur

Universitas Sebelas Maret

Disusun Oleh :

Erpan Nur Saputro

I0214035

PROGRAM STUDI ARSITEKTUR

FAKULTAS TEKNIK

UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET

SURAKARTA

2018

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STADION SEPAKBOLA DENGAN PENDEKATAN ARSITEKTUR HIJAU DI KABUPATEN SRAGEN

Disusun Oleh :

Erpan Nur Saputro

I0214035

Menyetujui,

Surakarta,

Pembimbing II Pembimbing I

Sri Yuliani S.T.,MAPPSc Ir. Widi Suroto M.T.

NIP. 19710706 199512 2 001 NIP. 19560905 198601 1 001

Mengesahkan,

Kepala Program StudiArsitektur

FakultasTeknik

Amin Sumadyo, S.T., M.T.

NIP. 19720811 200012 1 001

PROGRAM STUDI ARSITEKTUR

FAKULTAS TEKNIK

UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET

SURAKARTA

2018

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KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur penulis panjatkan kehadirat Allah S.W.T., karena dengan rahmat,

ridho, dan keberuntungan dari-Nya, penulis dapat menyelesaikan Laporan Tugas Akhir

Dengan Judul Konsep Perencanaan Dan Perancangan Stadion Sepakbola Dengan

Pendekatan Arsitektur Hijau Di Kabupaten Sragen. Laporan Tugas Akhir ini disusun

sebagai salah satu syarat untuk mencapai gelar Sarjana Arsitektur Universitas Sebelas

Maret.

Dalam menyusun dan menyelesaikan ini, banyak pihak yang telah memberikan

bimbingan, pertolongan, dan dukungan kepada penulis. Maka pada kesempatan ini penulis

mengucapkan terimakasih kepada:

1. Allah S.W.T. atas segala ridho dan keberuntungan dari-Nya,

2. Keluarga yang telah memberikan dukungan moril dan materil.

3. Bapak Amin Sumadyo, S. T., M. T., selaku Kepala Program Studi Arsitektur

Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

4. Bapak Ir. Widi Suroto M.T. selaku Pembimbing Pertama Tugas Akhir yang telah

membimbing selama proses Tugas Akhir.

5. Bapak Sri Yuliani S.T.,MAPPSc selaku Pembimbing Pertama Tugas Akhir yang

telah membimbing selama proses Tugas Akhir.

6. Bapak dan Ibu dosen Program Studi Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik Universitas

Sebelas Maret atas segala ilmu dan pengalamannya,

7. Staff Tata Usaha dan Pendidikan Program Studi Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik

Universitas Sebelas Maret atas segala bantuannya,

8. Teman-teman Ar. Peradaban, Adnan Zuhdi, David, Daniel, Iqbal, Habib, Om,

Windra, Waski, Way, dan Zeta,

9. Teman – teman seperjuangan Studio Tugas Akhir periode 151

10. Teman – teman Arsitektur angkatan 2014

11. Seluruh pihak yang tidak dapat disebutkan oleh penulis yang telah membantu

selama proses KPPA dan Studio Tugas Akhir.

Penulis menyadari, sebagai mahasiswa yang masih kurang pengalaman dan masih

dalam proses belajar, Laporan ini masih jauh dari kesempurnaan. Dari itu, penulis meminta

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kritik dan sarannya. Akhir kata semoga Laporan ini bermanfaat khususnya untuk penulis

dan untuk pembaca.

Surakarta,

Erpan Nur Saputro

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DAFTAR ISI

KATA PENGANTAR ...................................................................................................................... ii

DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................................................... iv

DAFTAR GAMBAR ..................................................................................................................... viii

DAFTAR TABEL ...........................................................................................................................xiv

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................................................. 1

A. Pengertian Judul ...................................................................................................................... 1

B. Latar Belakang ......................................................................................................................... 2

C. Permasalahan dan Persoalan .................................................................................................. 5

D. Tujuan dan Sasaran ................................................................................................................. 6

E. Lingkup dan Batasan ............................................................................................................... 7

F. Sistematika ................................................................................................................................ 7

1. Sistematika Konsep ............................................................................................................ 7

2. Sistematika Studio .............................................................................................................. 8

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................................. 10

A. Tinjauan Stadion Sepakbola ................................................................................................. 10

1. Jenis – Jenis Stadion ......................................................................................................... 10

2. Pengguna dan kegiatan pada stadion sepakbola ............................................................... 12

3. Jenis – jenis organisasi ruang ........................................................................................... 13

4. Zona Stadion Sepakbola Menurut FIFA .......................................................................... 14

5. Standar Kebutuhan Tempat Parkir ................................................................................... 15

6. Kriteria Pemilihan Main Entrance Dan Side Entrance ..................................................... 15

7. Bentuk Dasar Stadion Sepakbola ..................................................................................... 15

8. Standar Bangunan Stadion .............................................................................................. 15

9. Syarat – Syarat Daya Tarik Wisata Pada Stadion Sepakbola ........................................... 21

10. Standar Stadion Menurut FIFA .................................................................................... 21

B. Tinjauan Arsitektur hijau ..................................................................................................... 23

1. Pengertian Arsitektur Hijau .............................................................................................. 23

2. 6 prinsip Arsitektur Hijau ................................................................................................. 23

3. Stadion Hijau .................................................................................................................... 24

4. Standar Pengukuran arsitektur Hijau di Indonesia ........................................................... 25

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C. Tinjauan Preseden Stadion Sepakbola ................................................................................. 28

1. Stadion Utama Gelora Bung Karno.................................................................................. 28

BAB III METODE PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN .......................................... 32

A. Pola Pikir ................................................................................................................................. 32

B. Metode Perencanaan .............................................................................................................. 34

C. Metode Perancangan ............................................................................................................. 37

BAB IV TINJAUAN DATA PERANCANGAN DAN PERENCANAAN ........................... 40

A. Data Perencanaan .................................................................................................................. 40

1. Data Lokasi ....................................................................................................................... 40

2. Data pengguna .................................................................................................................. 42

3. Data kegiatan .................................................................................................................... 43

4. Data ruangan ..................................................................................................................... 43

B. Data Perancangan .................................................................................................................. 44

1. Data Organisasi Ruang ..................................................................................................... 44

2. Data Luasan Lantai Ruang ................................................................................................ 45

3. Data Luasan Lantai Dasar Ruang ..................................................................................... 46

4. Data Luasan Parkir Umum .............................................................................................. 47

5. Data Luasan Tapak ........................................................................................................... 47

6. Data Orientasi Masa Terhadap Tapak............................................................................... 48

7. Data Main Entrance Dan Side Entrance ........................................................................... 49

8. Data Tapak Terhadap Lingkungan Sekitar ....................................................................... 49

9. Data Bentuk Dasar Stadion Sepakbola ............................................................................. 50

10. Data Fasad Stadion Yang Dapat Mendukung Pariwisata Pada Stadion ........................... 51

11. Data Penghematan Energi ................................................................................................. 51

12. Data Pemanfaatan Sumber Alami ..................................................................................... 53

13. Data Pengelolaan Limbah Pada Stadion ........................................................................... 55

14. Data Struktur Stdion Sepakbola ........................................................................................ 57

15. Data Utilitas ...................................................................................................................... 59

BAB V ANALISIS PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN ......................................... 60

C. Analisis perencanaan ............................................................................................................. 60

1. Analisis Lokasi ................................................................................................................. 60

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2. Analisis Pengguna ............................................................................................................ 64

3. Analisis Kegiatan .............................................................................................................. 64

4. Analisis Kebutuhan Ruang ............................................................................................... 67

D. Analisis perancangan ............................................................................................................. 69

1. Analisis Organisasi Ruang ................................................................................................ 69

2. Analisis Luasan Lantai Ruang .......................................................................................... 87

3. Analisis Luasan Lantai Dasar Ruang ................................................................................ 91

4. Analisis Luasan Parkir Umum .......................................................................................... 92

5. Analisis Luasan Tapak ...................................................................................................... 93

6. Analisis orientasi masa terhadap tapak ............................................................................. 96

7. Analisis Main Entrance Dan Side Entrance ...................................................................... 98

8. Analisis Tapak Terhadap Lingkngan Sekitar .................................................................... 99

9. Analsisis bentuk dasar bangunan .................................................................................... 101

10. Analisis Fasad Stadion Yang Dapat Mendukung Pariwisata Pada Stadion .................... 105

11. Analisis Penghematan Energi ......................................................................................... 108

12. Analisis Pemanfaatan Sumber Alami ............................................................................. 115

13. Analisis Pengelolaan Limbah Pada Stadion ................................................................... 120

14. Analisis Struktur Stadion Sepakbola .............................................................................. 124

15. Analsisis sistem keamanan ............................................................................................. 132

16. Analisis Utilitas .............................................................................................................. 136

BAB VI KONSEP PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN .......................................... 144

A. Konsep Perencanaan ............................................................................................................ 144

1. Konsep Lokasi ................................................................................................................ 144

2. Konsep Pengguna .......................................................................................................... 144

3. Konsep Kegiatan ............................................................................................................. 145

4. Konsep Kebutuhan Ruang .............................................................................................. 146

B. Konsep Perancangan ............................................................................................................ 146

1. Konsep Organisasi Ruang ............................................................................................... 146

2. Konsep Luasan Lantai Ruang ......................................................................................... 149

3. Konsep Luasan Lantai Dasar Ruang ............................................................................... 150

4. Konsep Luasan Parkir Umum ......................................................................................... 152

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5. Konsep Luasan Tapak ..................................................................................................... 152

6. Konsep Orientasi Terhadap Tapak ................................................................................. 153

7. Konsep Main Entrance Dan Side Entrance ..................................................................... 153

8. Konsep Tapak Terhadap Lingkungan Sekitar ................................................................. 154

9. Konsep Bentuk Dasar Bangunan .................................................................................... 155

10. Konsep Fasad Banguanan Yang Dapat Mendukung Pariwisata ..................................... 155

11. Konsep Pengheatan Energi ............................................................................................. 156

12. Konsep Pemanfaatan Sumber Alami .............................................................................. 157

13. Konsep Pengelolaanlimbah Pada Stadion ....................................................................... 159

14. Konsep Struktur Stadion Sepakbola ............................................................................... 162

15. Konsep sistem keamanan ................................................................................................ 167

16. Konsep Utilitas. .............................................................................................................. 169

G. Daftar Pustaka .................................................................................................................. 176

H. Lampiran .......................................................................................................................... 181

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DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1 : Stadion Tertutup ............................................................................................................ 10

Gambar 2 : Stadion Terbuka ............................................................................................................ 10

Gambar 3 : Stadion Bergerak ........................................................................................................... 11

Gambar 4 : Stadion Sepakbola ......................................................................................................... 11

Gambar 5 : Stadion Olimpiade ......................................................................................................... 12

Gambar 6 : Sketsa Organisasi Terpusat ........................................................................................... 13

Gambar 7 : Sketsa Organisasi Linier ................................................................................................ 13

Gambar 8 : Sketsa Organisasi Radial ............................................................................................... 13

Gambar 9 : Sketsa Organisasi Cluster .............................................................................................. 14

Gambar 10 : Sketsa Organisasi Grid ................................................................................................ 14

Gambar 11 : Zona Stadion Sepakbola .............................................................................................. 14

Gambar 12 : Ilustrasi Lokasi ............................................................................................................ 16

Gambar 13 : Ilustrasi Orientasi Stadion ........................................................................................... 16

Gambar 14 : Ilustrasi Suara dan Cahaya .......................................................................................... 17

Gambar 15 : Sketsa Jarak Tribun ..................................................................................................... 19

Gambar 16 : Sketsa Tempat Duduk/ Tribun .................................................................................... 20

Gambar 17 : Fasilitas Yang Diperbarui ............................................................................................ 30

Gambar 18 : Peta Kabupaten Sragen ................................................................................................ 40

Gambar 19 : Lokasi .......................................................................................................................... 41

Gambar 20 : RTRW Kabupaten Sragen ........................................................................................... 41

Gambar 21 : Peta Tapak ................................................................................................................... 48

Gambar 22 : Arah Matahari Pada Tapak .......................................................................................... 48

Gambar 23 : Sketsa Jalan Utama Menuju Stadion ........................................................................... 49

Gambar 24 : Analisis Daerah Terdampak ........................................................................................ 49

Gambar 25 : Bentuk Dasar Persegi Panjang .................................................................................... 50

Gambar 26 : Bentuk Dasar Oval ...................................................................................................... 50

Gambar 27 : Bentuk Dasar Lingkaran .............................................................................................. 51

Gambar 28 : Analisis Atraksi Di Sekitar Lokasi .............................................................................. 51

Gambar 29 : Panel Surya .................................................................................................................. 53

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Gambar 30 : Sistem Pemanfaatan Air Hujan ................................................................................... 54

Gambar 31 : Proses IPAL Komunal ................................................................................................... 56

Gambar 32 : bentuk tampak atas IPAL ............................................................................................ 57

Gambar 33 : Dimensi Panjang Dan Lebar IPAL .............................................................................. 57

Gambar 34 : Dimensi Panjang Dan Lebar IPAL .............................................................................. 57

Gambar 35 : Sketsa Ukuran Tribun .................................................................................................. 58

Gambar 36 : Contoh Kursi Yang Menempel Tribun ........................................................................ 58

Gambar 37 : Contoh Kursi Yang Menempel Di Pinggir Tribun ...................................................... 58

Gambar 38 : Contoh Kursi Yang Memiliki Kaki Terhadap Tribun ................................................. 59

Gambar 39 : Sistem Irigasi Padalapangan Sepakbola ...................................................................... 59

Gambar 40 : Ilustrasi Lokasi ............................................................................................................ 60

Gambar 41 : lokasi ........................................................................................................................... 61

Gambar 42 : RTRW Kabupaten Sragen ........................................................................................... 62

Gambar 43 : Analisis Lokasi Dengan Fasilitas Penunjang .............................................................. 63

Gambar 44 : analisis lokasi dengan jalan utama dan stasiun ........................................................... 63

Gambar 45 : Program Ruang Dan Alur Pemain ............................................................................... 69

Gambar 46 : Program Ruang Dan Alur Official .............................................................................. 70

Gambar 47 : Program Ruang Dan Alur Penonton VIP .................................................................... 70

Gambar 48 : Program Ruang Dan Alur Penonton Umum ................................................................ 70

Gambar 49 : program ruang dan alur penonton VVIP ..................................................................... 71

Gambar 50 : Program Ruang Dan Alur Wartawan .......................................................................... 71

Gambar 51 : Program Ruang Dan Alur Tim Wasit .......................................................................... 71

Gambar 52 : Program Ruang Dan Alur Tim Penyelenggara ........................................................... 72

Gambar 53 : Program Ruang Dan Alur Tim Penyiaran ................................................................... 72

Gambar 54 : Program Ruang Dan Alur Petugas Administrasi ......................................................... 72

Gambar 55 : Program Ruang Dan Alur Petugas Lapangan .............................................................. 73

Gambar 56 : Program Ruang Dan Alur Penyewa Kios .................................................................... 73

Gambar 57 : Program Ruang Dan Alur Penyewa Stadion ............................................................... 73

Gambar 58 : Program Ruang Dan Alur Wisatawan ......................................................................... 74

Gambar 59 : Pengunjung Yang Berolahraga .................................................................................... 74

Gambar 60 : Arah Dan Sumber Cahaya ........................................................................................... 78

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Gambar 61 : Raung Yang Mendapatkan Cahaya Matahari .............................................................. 78

Gambar 62 : Setsa Jarak Pohon ........................................................................................................ 79

Gambar 63 : Sketsa Penerapan Bukaan Pada Stadion ...................................................................... 79

Gambar 64 : Material Atap Yang Dapat Mendukung Pencahayaan ................................................ 80

Gambar 65 : Sumber Udara Pada Stadion ........................................................................................ 81

Gambar 66 : Ruang Yang Mendapatkan Udara ............................................................................... 81

Gambar 67 : Sketsa Jalur Keluar Masuk Udara ............................................................................... 82

Gambar 68 : Sketsa Tanaman Di Koridor Stadion ........................................................................... 83

Gambar 69 : Ruang Yang Memiliki Ketenangan ............................................................................. 84

Gambar 70 : Ruang Yang Memiliki Pemandangan Langsung Ke Lapangan .................................. 86

Gambar 71 : Jalan Yang Mengelilingi Stadion ................................................................................ 86

Gambar 72 : Ruang Yang Berhadapan Langsung Ke Jalan ............................................................. 87

Gambar 74 : Luas Lahan Total Yang Didapat ................................................................................. 94

Gambar 75 : Panjang Lahan Sisi Utara ............................................................................................ 95

Gambar 76 : Panjang Lahan Sisi Timur ........................................................................................... 95

Gambar 77 : Panjang Lahan Sisi Selatan ......................................................................................... 95

Gambar 78 : panjang lahan sisi barat ............................................................................................... 96

Gambar 79 : luas lahan setelah dikurangi GSB, dan GSJ ................................................................ 96

Gambar 79 : Arah Matahari Pada Tapak .......................................................................................... 97

Gambar 80 : Analisis Orientasi Masa Dan Lapangan ...................................................................... 97

Gambar 81 : Sketsa Jalanutama Dan Orientasi Masa Pada Stadion ................................................. 98

Gambar 82 : Analisis Main Entrance Dan Side Entrance ................................................................ 99

Gambar 83 : Masalah Stadion Terhadap Lingkungan Sekitar ......................................................... 99

Gambar 84 : Analisis Daerah Terdampak ...................................................................................... 100

Gambar 85 : Sketsa Penanganan .................................................................................................... 100

Gambar 86 : Solusi Pada Tapak ..................................................................................................... 101

Gambar 87 : Bentuk Dasar Persegi Panjang .................................................................................. 102

Gambar 88 : Bentuk Dasar Oval .................................................................................................... 102

Gambar 89 : Bentuk Dasar Lingkaran ............................................................................................ 102

Gambar 90 : Analisis Bentuk Dasar Persegi Panjang .................................................................... 103

Gambar 91 : Analisis Bentuk Dasar Oval ...................................................................................... 103

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Gambar 92 : Analisis Bentuk Dasar Lingkaran.............................................................................. 104

Gambar 93 : Bentuk akhir stadion sepakbola ................................................................................. 104

Gambar 94 : Analisis Atraksi Di Sekitar Lokasi ............................................................................ 106

Gambar 95 : Contoh Pengaplikasianya Pada Banguanan .............................................................. 107

Gambar 96 : Tata Cahaya Pada Stadion Sepakbola ( Gelora Bung Karno), (Alianz Arena) Dan

(Stadion Nasional Bejing) .............................................................................................................. 107

Gambar 97 : Rumus Mencari Jumlah Lampu ................................................................................ 108

Gambar 98 : Rumus Mencari Banyak Lampu Yang Dibutuhkan .................................................. 112

Gambar 99 : Contoh Penerapan Lampu Yang Menggunakan Panel Surya .................................... 113

Gambar 100 : Contoh Panel Surya ................................................................................................. 115

Gambar 101 : Penerapan Panel Surya Di Atap Stadion ................................................................. 116

Gambar 102 : Detail Penerapan Panel Surya ................................................................................. 116

Gambar 103 : Perhitungan Jumlah Kebutuhan Panel Surya .......................................................... 117

Gambar 104 : Sistem SPAH ........................................................................................................... 118

Gambar 105 : Sistem SPAH Untuk Stadion Sepakbola ................................................................. 119

Gambar 106 : Hasil Analisis Penempatan SPAH ........................................................................... 119

Gambar 107 : Tampak Atas Sistem IPAL ...................................................................................... 121

Gambar 108 : Dimensi Ukuran Sistem IPAL ................................................................................. 122

Gambar 109 : Dimensi Ukuran Sistem IPAL ................................................................................. 122

Gambar 110 : Hasil Peletakan IPAL Pada Tapak .......................................................................... 122

Gambar 111 : Penempatan Penampung Sampah ............................................................................ 123

Gambar 112 : Pondasi Footplat ...................................................................................................... 126

Gambar 113 : Pondasi Tiang Pancang ........................................................................................... 126

Gambar 114 : Struktur Kolom Balok ............................................................................................. 127

Gambar 115 : Contoh Penggunaaan Struktur Kolom Balok Di Indonesia ..................................... 128

Gambar 116 : Contoh Penggunaan Tribun Precast ........................................................................ 129

Gambar 117 : Sketsa Ukuran Tribun .............................................................................................. 129

Gambar 118 : Contoh Kursi Menempel Tribun ............................................................................. 130

Gambar 119 : Contoh Kursi Menempel Di Pinggir Tribun ............................................................ 130

Gambar 120 : Kursi Memiliki Kaki Pendukung Terhadaptribun ................................................... 130

Gambar 121 : Contoh Tribun Difabel ........................................................................................... 131

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Gambar 122 : Contoh Penerappan Atapp Kabel Dan Membran .................................................... 132

Gambar 123 : Jalur Sirkulasi Evakuasi Lantai 1 ............................................................................ 133

Gambar 124 : Jalur Sirkulasi Evakuasi Lantai 2, 3 Dan 4 ............................................................. 134

Gambar 125 : Contoh Pemberian Jarak .......................................................................................... 135

Gambar 126 : Contoh Penerapan Tribun ........................................................................................ 135

Gambar 127 : Contoh Penerapan Pagar Pembatas ......................................................................... 135

Gambar 128 : Sketsa Skema Air Bersih ......................................................................................... 136

Gambar 129 : Skema IPAL ............................................................................................................ 137

Gambar 130 : Skema SPAH ........................................................................................................... 138

Gambar 131 : Sketsa Sitem Irigasi Lapagan Sepakbola ................................................................. 138

Gambar 132 : Sistem Air Di Sekitar Tapak ................................................................................... 139

Gambar 133 : Sketsa Skema Listrik ............................................................................................... 141

Gambar 134 : Peta Lokasi .............................................................................................................. 144

Gambar 135 : Raung Yang Mendapatkan Cahaya Matahari .......................................................... 147

Gambar 136 : Ruang Yang Mendapatkan Udara ........................................................................... 147

Gambar 137 : Ruang Yang Memiliki Ketenangan ......................................................................... 148

Gambar 138 : Ruang Yang Memiliki Pemandangan Langsung Ke Lapangan .............................. 148

Gambar 139 : Ruang Yang Berhadapan Langsung Ke Jalan ......................................................... 149

Gambar 140 : Luas Lahan Total ..................................................................................................... 153

Gambar 141 : Arah Orientasi Lapangan Terhadap Tapak ............................................................. 153

Gambar 142 : Konsep Main Entrance Dan Side Entrance ............................................................. 154

Gambar 143 : Konsep Tapak Terhadap Lingkungan Sekitar ......................................................... 154

Gambar 144 : Konsep Bentuk Dasar Stadion Sepakbola ............................................................... 155

Gambar 145 : Sketsa Taaman Di Gedung ...................................................................................... 156

Gambar 146 : Contoh Stadion Yang Menerapkan Tata Cahayapada Malam Hari ........................ 156

Gambar 147 : Penerapan Panel Surya Pada Stadion ...................................................................... 157

Gambar 148 : Total Energi Yang Dihasilakn Dengan Panel Surya ............................................... 158

Gambar 149 : Sistem SPAH Pada Stadion ..................................................................................... 158

Gambar 150 : Penempatan Tangki Bawah ..................................................................................... 159

Gambar 151 : Sistem IPAL ............................................................................................................ 160

Gambar 152 : Letak IPAL .............................................................................................................. 160

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Gambar 153 : Konsep Peletakan Penapungan Sampah .................................................................. 161

Gambar 154 : Pondasi Footplat ...................................................................................................... 162

Gambar 155 : Pondasi Tiang Pancang ........................................................................................... 163

Gambar 156 : Struktur Kolom Dan Balok ..................................................................................... 164

Gambar 157 : Contoh Pengaplikasian Struktur Balok Dan Kolom ................................................ 164

Gambar 158 : Contoh Penggunaan Precast .................................................................................... 165

Gambar 159 : Sketsa Ukuran Tribun .............................................................................................. 165

Gambar 160 : Contoh Kursi Yang Menempel Pinggiran Tribun ................................................... 166

Gambar 161 : Contoh Tribun Defabel ............................................................................................ 166

Gambar 162 : Contoh Penerapan Struktur Kabel Dan Membran ................................................... 167

Gambar 163 : Jalur Sirkulasi Evakuasi Lantai 1 ............................................................................ 167

Gambar 164 : Jalur Sirkulasi Evakuasi Lantai 2, 3 Dan 4 ............................................................. 168

Gambar 165 : Contoh Pemberian Jarak .......................................................................................... 168

Gambar 166 : Contoh Penerapan Tribun ........................................................................................ 169

Gambar 167 : Contoh Penerapan Pagar Pembatas ......................................................................... 169

Gambar 168 : Sketsa Dan Skema Air Bersih ................................................................................. 170

Gambar 169 : Skema IPAL ............................................................................................................ 171

Gambar 170 : Skema SPAH ........................................................................................................... 171

Gambar 171 : Sketsa Sitem Irigasi Lapagan Sepakbola ................................................................. 172

Gambar 172 : Sketsa Skema Listrik ............................................................................................... 174

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DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1 : Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................................................... 5

Tabel 2 : Reting GBCI Tepat Guna Lahan ....................................................................................... 26

Tabel 3 : Reting GBCI Efisiensi dan Konservasi Energi ................................................................. 26

Tabel 4 : Reting GBCI Konservasi Air ............................................................................................ 27

Tabel 5 : Reting GBCI Sumber Dan Siklus Matrial ........................................................................ 27

Tabel 6 : Reting GBCI Kesehatan Dan Kenyamanan Dalam Ruang ............................................... 27

Tabel 7 : Reting GBCI Menejemen Lingkungan Banguanan .......................................................... 28

Tabel 8 : Analisa Kebutuhan Ruang ................................................................................................ 44

Tabel 9 : Analisis Luas Lantai Dasar .............................................................................................. 46

Tabel 11 : Analisis Pengguna ........................................................................................................... 64

Tabel 12 : Analisis Kegiatan Alur Pengguna ................................................................................... 66

Tabel 13 : Analisis Kebutuhan Ruang .............................................................................................. 68

Tabel 14 : Identifikasi Ruang ........................................................................................................... 75

Tabel 15 : Kelompok Ruang Berdasarkan Indikasi .......................................................................... 77

Tabel 16 : Ruang Yang Membutuhakan Ketenagan, Uara Dan Cahaya .......................................... 85

Tabel 17 : Ruang Yang Memerlukan Pemandangan ........................................................................ 85

Tabel 18 : Luasan Lantai Zona Publik ............................................................................................. 88

Tabel 19 : Luasan Lantai Zona Semi Publik .................................................................................... 89

Tabel 20 : Luasan Lantai Zona Semi Privat ..................................................................................... 89

Tabel 21 : Luasan Lantai Zona Servis .............................................................................................. 90

Tabel 22 : Luasan Lantai Zona Privat .............................................................................................. 90

Tabel 23 : Analisis Luasan Lantai Dasar ......................................................................................... 91

Tabel 26 : Analisis Besar Daya Dalam Watt .................................................................................... 109

Tabel 27 : Kelompok Pengguna Dan Pengguna Pada Stadion Sepakbola ..................................... 144

Tabel 28 : Alur Kegiatan Pengguna Pada Stadion Sepakbola ........................................................ 145

Tabel 29 : Kebutuhan Ruang Pada Stadion Sepakbola ................................................................. 146

Tabel 30 : Total Luasan Lantai Stadion Sepakbola ........................................................................ 149

Tabel 31 : Perhitungan Luas Lantai Dasar ..................................................................................... 151

KONSEP PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN STADION … · Dengan Judul Konsep Perencanaan Dan Perancangan...

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