Know Your Abacus2
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Cuba gunakan manik d alam
membi lang
Supaya kira-kira menjadi riang
Tolak darab dan bahagi bertambah
senang
Dunia menjadi terang sambi l
membi lang
Cuba gunakan manik dalam m embi lang
Bayangkan ada sempoa m alam dan
s iang
Banyak kegunaannya dalam pelajaran
Ker ja yang du lu susah m enjadi senang
Cuba gunakan manik dalam
membi lang
Tujuhlah sepuluh yang dibuangnya
tiga
Enamlah sepuluh yang dibuangnya
empat
Semua menjadi s enang , kira jadi
cepat.
Cuba gunakan manik dalam
membi lang
Walau ada kompu ter dan mesin
..
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The study of AMA teaches children not only to become
proficient in computation but also develops their mental
faculties to be more analytic and creative.
Abacus is a tool used to calculate mathematical operations of
addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.
Mental Arithmetic is a form of calculation that does not
involve the use of any physical external instruments such as
the abacus, electronic calculator or any other primitive or
state-of-theart implementation instrument. It is done solely
in the mind, i.e. mentally.
Abacus and Mental Arithmetic : Another way of carrying outmental arithmetic is the bead method. In this way, we use an
imaginary abacus in our mind to calculate any mathematical
operation of addition, subtraction, multiplication and
division.
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Advantages Of Learning Mental Arithmetic
The continuous practice of mental arithmetic will produce the followingresults.
Revolutionize traditional mathematics;The special skills learnt will
enable the students to calculate with amazing speed and accuracy.
Improve students co-ordination; The fingering techniques stimulate boththe left and right sides of the brain and improve interaction between themind and the body.
Optimum exploitation of the human brains resourses:Scientists havefound out that man only use one-tenth of his brains potential most of thetime. Mental arithmetic skills help to tap the vast treasures in the brain.
Build up students confidence:Students will have acquired the skills inmastering figures, thus eliminating their fear in dealing with figures and
boosting their confidence in problem-solving.
Improve students concentration and absorption power:Mentalarithmetic not only stirs up students interest in arithmetic but also trains thestudents to be more discipline, thus improving their concentration andabsorption power.
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PARTS OF THE ABACUS
FrameBeam Rod
LowerBeads
Upper BeadsClearing Device Dot = Unit Place
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PARTS OF THE ABACUS
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PARTS OF THE ABACUS
FrameBeam Rod
LowerBeads
Upper BeadsClearing Device Dot = Unit Place
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Sitting Posture
Front View
Place feet flat on thefloor. Keep a 10cm
distance with 15 degrees
between the feet
Do not cross the legs
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Sitting Posture
Side View
Sit upright
Body must not lean
against the chair
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Placing & Holding The Abacus
Place middle finger ofleft hand on theclearing device
Arms do not touch thetable
Place the abacus 8 to10 cm away from theedge of the table
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Fingering
Thumb : Move lowerbeads towards thebeam
Forefinger : Movelower beads awayfrom the beam
Middle finger : Move
upper bead towardsand away from thebeam
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PARTS OF THE ABACUS
Value of upper beads
5500 50
One lower bead at
Ones represents 1One lower bead at
Thousands
represents 1000
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move up 1, move down 1
1) Thumb :
move up 1
2) Forefinger :
move down 1
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move up 2, move down 2
1) Thumb :
move up 2
2) Forefinger :
move down 2
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move up 3, move down 3
1) Thumb :
move up 3
2) Forefinger :
move down 3
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move up 4, move down 4
1) Thumb : 2) Forefinger :
move up 4 move down 4
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move up 5, move down 5
1) Middle finger : 2) Middle finger:
move up 5 move down 5
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2) Middle finger and
forefinger :move down 6 at the
same time.
move up 6, move down 6
1) Thumb and
middle finger:move up 6 at the
same time.
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2) Middle fingerand forefinger :
move down 7 at the
same time.
move up 7, move down 7
1) Thumb andmiddle finger :
move up 7 at the
same time.
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2) Middle finger and
forefinger :
move down 9 at the
same time.
move up 9, move down 9
1) Thumb and middle
finger :
move up 9 at the
same time.
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Flash
Card
2
second
s
Flash
Card
1
second2Flash Card Controller
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Ready, close your eyes
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Think of the frame
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Think of the beam
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Think of the rods
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Think of the upper beads
and the lower beads
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Ready, close your eyes.
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1, Up 1
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3, Up 3
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4
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5
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6
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8, Up 8
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9, up 9
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DIGITAL FLASH
CARDS
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1 DIGIT
2 SECOND
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THE END
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1 DIGIT
1 SECOND
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TIMING : 1 SECOND
READY !
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