Kisi-kisi Nasionalisme

7/23/2019 Kisi-kisi Nasionalisme

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Kasfnkalfsmi

Wei Amirfbak Sivnlutfnk 1449 akg Wei Hrikbe Sivnlutfnk 1456Oitfdacilas onlnkf cirsatu (Kiw Eampsefri, Massabeusitts, Sengi Fslakg, Bnkkibtfbut,

Kiw Vnro, Kiw Jirsi! "ikksl#akfa, $ilawari, Marlakg, %frdfkfa, Knrte Barnllfka,

&nute Barnlfka gak 'inrdfa gak cirusaea milipasoak gfrf garf bikdoramak onlnkfalfsmiFkddrfs!

Saoat )ilata gak cakdsawak rikgaeak mimcirnktao tireagap oiouasaak mutlao ra)a

*nufs +%F akd tilae mimcuat cakdorut kidara gikdak slndak Lfcirti, Idalfti atHratirkfti! (Oicicasak, "irsamaak gak "irsaugaraak none Si#nlusf Sncispfirri,

Marat, $aktnk, Mfraciau!

Tist atfnkalfsm akg Iast atfnkalfsmKasfnkalfsmi -arat cirasal garf pirlawakak milawak oiouasaak mutlao ra)a gak

cirusaea mikddaktfoak oiouasak oira)aak atau mikddaktf mik)agf ripuclfo gak

mnkaroef onkstftusfnkal!

Kasfnkalfsmi fmur cirasal garf pirlawakak milawak onlnkfalfsmi tirutama -arat akdtir)agf gf .sfa, ./rfoa gak .mirfoa!

atfnkalfsm n! tei "ast akg atfnkalfsm n! tei n#

Kasfnkalfsmi Masa *alu gfmaosugoak uktuo mimpirnlie oimirgioaak sirta milipasoak

garf bikdoramak onlnkfalfsmi atau mimpirtaeakoak oimirgioaakKasfnkalfsmi Masa Ofkf gfmaosugoak uktuo mikdfsf oimirgioaak uktuo miwu)ugoak

oifkdfkak sicuae cakdsa uktuo mikgfrfoak sicuae kidara!

$ala%sfa atfnkalfsm akg &kgnkisfa atfnkalfsm0ktuo mimpirnlie oimirgioaak, Malasfa mimpirnlie oimirgioaak sibara gamaf garf

onlnkfalfsmi Fkddrfs0ktuo mimpirnlie gak mimpirtaeakoak oimirgioaak, Fkgnkisfa milaouoak milalufpimcirnktaoak1pimcirnktaoak gak ri#nlusf kasfnkal!

Weaflakg atfnkalfsm akg 'fitkam atfnkalfsmeaflakg agalae kidara .sfa akd tfgao pirkae gf)a)ae gak oira)aak eaflakg cirusaea

mimpirtaeakoak oimirgioaakka milaluf gfplnmasf gak mngirkfsasf

%fitkam sicadaf kidara )a)aeak cirusaea milipasoak gfrf garf bikdoramak onlnkfalfsmi

"irakbfs!

(ava akg )efkisi atfnkalfsm fk &kgnkisfa

Kasfnkalfsmi Jawa sicadafmaka tirbirmfk galam -ugf 0tnmn licfe cirsf/at oulturaloitfmcakd pnlftfo!

Kasfnkalfsmi fnkdena simula cirf/at oultural oimugfak ciralfe mik)agf pnlftfo gikdak

agaka diraoak ri#nlusfnkir gf fnkdono

$ala%ak atfnkalfsm akg Aracfak atfnkalfsm

.gaka usaea pikatuak rumpuk milau akd ciraga gf Fkgnkisfa, Malasfa, "eflfpfka

gak eaflakg galam sicuae kidara timpn gulu titapf tfgao cireasfl

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.gaka usaea pikatuak cakdsa .rac akd ciraga gf .sfa gak ./rfoa timpn gulu titapf

tfgao cireasfl gak oimugfak gfgfrfoak *fda .rac, sicuae nrdakfsasf ridfnkal .rac!

*fnkfsm akg +fkgu atfnkalfsm

2fnkfsmi simula gfmaosugoak sicadaf tirsicar adama gak oicugaaak Vaeugf oi

silurue gukfa oimugfak ciralfe mik)agf oifkdfkak uktuo mikbfptaoak takae afr cadfcakdsa Vaeugf gf "alistfka!

Kasfnkalfsmi Efkgu gfmaosugoak adama Efkgu mimcirfoak satu alat pimirsatu cadf

oaum kasfnkalfs Fkgfa gikdak mikddukaoak sfmcnl1sfmcnl adama gak mikducae rftusmftns uktuo milaakf tu)uak1tu)uak pnlftfo mirioa!

Ibnknmfb atfnkalfsm akg )ultural atfnkalfsm

"ikduasaak ionknmf kasfnkal nlie cakdsa sikgfrf,gf maka usaea akd milfcatoak ea)atnrakd cakao gfmlfof kidara!

&icuae cakdsa mimpukaf oiwa)fcak uktuo milistarfoak warfsak oicugaaak akd

gfmflfof siefkdda oiprfcagfak cakdsa titap tir)ada

rf#f-a%a akg $a-a.aeft fk atfnkalfsm

Mikakdout oikakd1oikakdak aoak oiadukdak oicugaaak masa lalu, sipirtf mfsalka&rfwf)aa (.cag oi 7akd sugae mik)agf pusat pikgfgfoak fktirkasfnkal adama -ugea

"ircatasak dindra/fs wflaae kasfnkalfsmi Fkgnkisfa tfgao eaka gftiktuoak nlie

pircatasak wflaae pikdawasak pnlftfs -ilakga, titapf galam taeap tirtiktu, gflaouoaknlie oira)aak Ma)apaeft paga acag oi 39!

/lg &m.irfalfsm akg $ngirk &m.irfalfsm

Fmpirfalfsmi akd gflaouoak nlie "nrtudfs, &paknl, -ilakga gak Jipakd timpn guluuktuo mikduasaf ionknmf cakdsa lafk gikdak mimirluoak takae )a)aeak!

Fmpirfalfsmi akd gflaouoak nlie .mirfoa &irfoat, "irakbfs, Befka gak Jipakd sioarakd

uktuo mikduasaf ionknmf cakdsa lafk tfgao mimirluoak takae )a)aeak titapfmikbfptaoak oitirdaktukdak ionknmf!

Ibnknmfb &m.iralfsm akg )ulturi &m.irfalfsmOitirlfcatak sicuae kidara galam oidfatak ionknmf kidara lafk gak sampaf gikdak taeap

tirtiktu oigaulatak kidara akd tirbampurf mik)agf cirourakd!

Mimaosaoak suatu fginlndf akd circiga atas piragacak akd cirlafkak tireagap

masaraoat lafk takpa oieikgaoka!

0rftfse )nlnkfalfsm akg utbe )nlnkfalfsm

"aga gasarka Fkddrfs agalae kidara gikdak sumcir gaa alam milfmpae, fa mimirluoakonlnkf sicadaf pasar! 0ktuo ftu masalae pikgfgfoak mik)agf prfnrftas adar pikguguo cfsa

pakgaf gak mimpukaf gaa cilf!

"aga gasarka -ilakga agalae kidara gikdak sumcir gaa alam mfkfm, fa mimirluoakonlnkf sicadaf timpat mikdamcfl caeak miktae! 0ktuo ftu masalae pikgfgfoak

gfacafoak!

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(a.ak )nlnkfalfsm akg utbe )nlnkfalfsm

"imirfktae pikguguoak calatiktara Jipakd mik)ak)foak oimirgioaak uktuo kidara

)a)aeak gf .sfa gikdak sarat mimcaktu Jipakd milawak &ioutu!Onlnkfalfsmi -ilakga silalu fkdfk mikduasaf takae )a)aeakka silama mukdofk! Oikgatf

cakdsa Fkgnkisfa mikataoak oimirgioaakka, titapf -ilakga mikbnca mikduasaf

oimcalf Fkgnkisfa!

Amirfbak )nlnkfalfsm akg .akfse )nlnkfalfsm

.mirfoa pirkae mikguguof "eflfpfka sitilae cirpirakd milawak &paknl gakmimcicasoak "eflfpfka garf pikguguoak Jipakd! .mirfoa &irfoat )uda pirkae

mikguguof Jipakd sitilae Jipakd oalae "$ FF! "aga gasarka .mirfoa mikiktakd

onlnkfalfsmi oarika .mirfoa )uda pirkae mikdalamf onlnkfalfsmi Fkddrfs!

"ik)a)aeak &paknl atas kidara1kidara .mirfoa &ilatak tilae mikicacoak cakdsa.mirfoa *atfk eampfr sirupa oicugaaakka gikdak sakd pik)a)ae!

Ali3akgir tei 2riat )nlnkfalfsm akg a.nlink 0nka.arti )nlnkflfafsm

"ikaoluo garf Mabignkfa (Vukakf mikfkddaloak )i)ao+ilikfsmi (pirbampurak aktaraOicugaaak -arat gak fmur

Mikdfktidrasf 4rnpa cirsatu milaluf pikaoluoak1pikaoluoak akd gflaouoak nlieKapnlink -nkaparti!

(ikdefs 7eak )nlnkfalfsm akg Agnl! +ftlir )nlnkfalfsmMaea Fmpirfalfs garf Mnkdnlfa akd wflaae oiouasaaka tircisar sipak)akd si)arae

(.cag +FFF "ikguguoak gflaouoak sibara tfgao lakdsukd gak agaka upitf sicadaf takga

taoluo!

.tas kama oicisarak cakdsa .ra, Eftlir mikaoluooak circadaf kidara paga acag ++"ikguguoak Ka5f Jirmak gflaouoak sibara lakdsukd!

0rftfse )nlnkfalfsm akg Hrikbe )nlnkfalfsmKidara1kidara akd pirkae gf)a)ae Fkddrfs oimugfak mimciktuo )nmmnk#ialte n!

atfnks (nrdakfsasf oir)asama gf aktara mirioa gf circadaf cfgakd gak gfoituaf nlie

Fkddrfs!Kidara1kidara akd gf)a)ae nlie "irakbfs gak kidara circaeasa "irakbfs oimugfak

cioir)a sama uktuo mikdimcakdoak caeasa "irakbfs (Hrakben.enkfi!

2ng akg 2lnr% fk )nlnkfalfsmOnlnkfalfsmi gfsicacoak agaka fgialfsmi makusfa gak oifkdfkakka uktuo

mikicaroak a)arak ueak, uktuo mikbfptaoak gukfa akd licfe cafo ("iragacak!

Onlnkfalfsmi gfsicacoak oieausak makusfa tireagap oiouasaak gak oicisarak cakdsagak kidaraka!

2ng akg 2nlg fk )nlnkfalfsmOnlnkfalfsmi gfsicacoak agaka fgialfsmi makusfa gak oifkdfkakka uktuo

mikicaroak a)arak ueak, uktuo mikbfptaoak gukfa akd licfe cafo ("iragacak!

Onlfkfalfsmi gfsicacoak paga oisiraoaak makusfa, akd silalu cirusaea mikbarf

tamcaeak oiouasaak akd gfouasaf nlie oipiktfkdak ionknmf!

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atfnk akg tati

-akdsa agalae oumpulak nrakd akd mikdolafm agaka foatak sipirtf oicugaaak,

caeasa atau oisamaak si)arae gak oimugfak cirmaosug ciroumpul cirsama gakmikgfrfoak sicuae kidara!

Kidara agalae fkstrumik cadf miwu)ugoak oifkdfkak garf nrakd1nrakd akd fkdfk

ciroumpul cirsama tirsicut galam sicuae kidara!

(i# akg 7urgftak fk tati

-akdsa Vaeugf akd sugae tircisar oimaka1maka si)ao rfcuak taeuk akd laluOimugfak cirmfkat mikgfrfoak kidara gak cireasfl mikgfrfoak kidara Fsrail :? taeuk

akd lalu (379


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+ncciss tati akg +idils tati

$alam oiagaak alamfae, makusfa oimugfak mik)agf srfdala cadf makusfa lafkka! 0ktuo

mikdnktrnl gnrnkdak ka/su tirsicut gfpirluoak cirgfrfka sicuae kidara!>arda tfgao cfsa gfcfaroak mikdatur gfrfka sikgfrf, sicac mirioa pastf

mimpir)uakdoak oipiktfkdak suc)iotf/ka! ;lie oarika ftu gfpirluoak kidara akd

mirupaoak pik)ilmaak garf oipiktfkdak umum!

Snussiaus tati akg Lnbis tati

.gaka limcada eao mflfo galam masaraoat tilae mikfmculoak oioabauak snsfal 0ktuomikbfptaoak gak mimilfeara tirtfc snsfal gfciktuo suatu kidara!

&isugae uakd gfbfptaoak tfmcul piricutak mngal! Kidara gfgfrfoak uktuo milfkgukdf

eao mflfo prfcagf!

Lfciral tati akg nbfal tati

Kidara *fciral mikakdoal caewa kidara cirtu)uak mik)amfk oisi)aetiraak umum

Oisi)aetiraak mirupaoak urusak masaraoat sikgfrf gak kidara tfgao turut bampur

Kidara &nsfal cirtudas mikdusaeaoak oisi)aetiraak umum cadf silurue raoat! $alamamat 00$ 379@, Fkgnkisfa tirmasuo oatidnrf kidara snsfal!

7nsnvn &kgi.ikgikbi, &kgnkisfa &kgi.ikgikbi akg &ktirkatfnkal Sibndkftfnk

Oimirgioaak Onsn#n paga 3: =icruarf 8??< gak oimugfak mimpirnlie guoukdak garf

.mirfoa &irfoat gak kidara1kidara 0kf 4rnpa"rnolamasf Oimirgioaak Fkgnkisfa paga 3A .dustus 379@! "ikdaouak "irsitu)uak

*fkddar)atf oimugfak mimcirfoak pikdaouak SF atas Jawa, Magura gak &umatra!

Oimugfak SF caru gfaouf nlie kidara Fkddrfs, .&, Misfr, *fcaknk, &urfae, ./dakfstak,

-urma,Vukakf, &augf .racfa, Vamak gak 0&&S!

7nsnvn &kgi.ikgikbi, 8kftig tatis Attftugi akg &kgnkisfa Attftugi

.mirfoa &irfoat mimcirf guoukdak atas pirkataak oimirgioaak Onsn#n akdsicikarka mirupaoak cadfak garf kidara &ircfa

Fkgnkisfa radu1radu mimcirfoak guoukdak tireagap oimirgioaak Onsn#n gak Fkgnkisfa

mimpukaf masalae gikdak diraoak siparatfs!

7nsnvn &kgi.ikgikbi,akg Irftirfa &kgi.ikgikbi

Onsn#n mikataoak oimirgioaak paga taeuk 8??< gak tfgao mimpirnlie pirsitu)uak

garf kidara fkguoka kidara &ircfa4rftirfa mikataoak oimirgioaak paga taeuk 377@ gak mimpirnlie pirsitu)uak garf

kidara fkguoka kidara 4tefnpfa!

Waf#ak, Wfcit akg )efka

afwak gak Bfka $aratak tirpfsae gikdak ciraoefrka "irakd &augara 3797 gak -if)fkd

titap mikdakddap afwak mirupaoak cadfak garf wflaaeka gak cirusaeamikatuoakka titapf cilum cireasfl!

Befka mimasuof fcit paga taeuk 37@? gak mimirfktae si)ao taeuk 37@3 gak gilapak

taeuk oimugfak tir)agf pimcirnktaoak cakdsa fcit!tireagap Bfka titapf dadal

Oimugfak "imirfktaeak "ikdasfkdak $alaf *ama gfgfrfoak gf Fkgfa!

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Irftirfa &kgi.ikgikbi akg Wfmnr Listi &kgi.ikgikbi

4rftirfa mirupaoak cadfak garf 4tefnpfa akd oimugfak mikataoak oimirgioaak lipas

garf kidara 4tefnpfa!fmnr fmur gaeulu gfouasaf nlie "nrtudfs silama 9@? taeuk gak oimugfak tirfktidrasf

gikdak Fkgnkisfa gikdak tirpaosa! $f saat tir)agf orfsfs multfgfmiksfnkal gf Fkgnkisfa,

raoat fmnr fmur mikataoak oimirgioaak liwat ri/irikgum!

0akdlagise akg )eibek%a

fgao agaka oisipaoatak aktara "artaf Onkdris (Maeatma 'akgef gikdak *fdaMuslfmfk (M .lf Jfkkae mimciktuo suatu /rnkt pirsatuak mikicacoak Fkgfa gak

"aofstak tirpfsae! Oimugfak "aofstak fmur milipasoak gfrf sicadaf kidara -akdlagise,

akd gfprnolamasfoak paga 3A .prfl 37A3!

0&&S gfgfrfoak paga 6? $isimcir 3788 nlie impat ripuclfo (gfaktaraka Sipuclfo=igiral &n#fit Sussfa! &itilae 0&&S cucar paga culak $isimcir 3773, Beibeka akd

manrftas ciradama Fslam cirusaea milipasoak gfrf garf Susfa gak mikgfrfoak sicuae

kidara titapf cilum cireasfl!

)einslnvafa akg udnslavfa

Beionsln#aofa cirpfsae mik)agf gua kidara Sipuclfo Bion gak Sipuclfo &lnwaofa pagatakddal 8 Jakuarf 3776, 4kam pulue taeuk akd lalu mirioa laefr sicadaf sicuae cakdsa

akd tirlipas garf pik)a)aeak gak pikfkgasak akd gfalamf ciracag1acag!

Oira)aak Vudnsla#fa (3783 akd tirpibae aofcat pikguguoak Ka5f Jirmak gak Ftalfa=asfs gfra)ut ulakd nlie Jnsip -rn5 ftn! &itilae "irakd $ukfa FF ciraoefr,gfciktuo

Sipuclfo =igirasf &nsfalfs -akdsa Vudnsla#fa! akddal 37 Mif 3773, Ornasfa

milipasoak gfrf garf Vudnsla#fa, oimugfak gfsusul nlie -nskfa C Eir5idn#fka,

Mabignkfa, &ln#ikfa, Mnktikidrn gak Onsn#n!

7nriak "ikfksula akg 2irmak%

&itilae "irakd $ukfa FF ciraoefr, gfciktuo gua pimirfktaeak Sipuclfo Onria &ilatak(&inul gak Sipuclfo Saoat Onria gf 0tara ("nkdakd! ir)agf "irakd Onria 37@?G

37@6 gikdak gftakgatakdakf pir)ak)fak dikbatak sik)ata gak pimcadfak oimcalf Onria

mikurut darfs lfktakd 6< I!$alam taeuk 3797 gua ripuclfo tirwu)ug akd tirpfsae satu sama lafk, aftu Sipuclfo

=irgirasf Jirmak (-nkk gak Sipuclfo $imnorasf Jirmak fmur (-irlfk fmur! &itilae

imcno -irlfk ruktue paga 7 Kn#imcir 37


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7urfl &slakg akg Halakg &slakg

Oipulauak Ourfl mflfo Jipakd titapf gfguguof nlie 0&&S si)ao Jipakd oalae "irakd

$ukfa FF! &ioarakd titap gfguguof nlie Susfa gak Jipakd cirusaea mikdamcfl oimcalfpulau1pulau tirsicut garf Susfa liwat )alak gfplnmasf titapf cilum cireasfl!

=aolakg (Mal#fkas mirupaoak mflfo .rdiktfka akd gfguguof nlie Fkddrfs gak cilasak

taeuk akd lalu .rdiktfka cirusaea mikdamcfl oimcalf liwat oiouatak cirsik)ata titapfdadal!

2inrdi Tasefkdtnk akg Acraeam Lfkbnlk'inrdi >asefkdtnk agalae prisfgik pirtama .mirfoa &irfoat (3A


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En Bef Mfke agalae =nukgfkd =ateir %fitkam! Fa mimciktuo sicuae pimirfktaeak gak

mik)agf "risfgik Sipuclfo $imnorasf %fitkam! Oimugfak pikduasa mflftir "irakbfs

mimciktuo pimirfktaeak takgfkdak cumf putira gf &afdnk (3797! "irakd onlnkfal akdcirlakdsukd silama gilapak taeuk ftu caru silisaf sitilae ciktikd fikcfik.eu

("irakbfs )atue (37@9! -irgasaroak pir)ak)fak Jikiwa (37@9! %fitkam tirpibae

mik)agf %fitkam 0tara (Eaknf gak %fitkam &ilatak (&afdnk! &i)ao taeuk 37A@,%fitkam 0tara gak &ilatak cirsatu oimcalf!

Sncis.firri akg Amfr %arf!uggfknone Si#nlusf "irakbfs gak cirpirak galam pimciktuoak "imirfktaeak Si#nlusfnkir

akd mikurutka earus gfgasaroak paga tirnr titapf earus mimpukaf pikdikgalf cirupa

oica)foak! "irflaou Sncispfirri tilae mikicacoak cakao musue cirsioutu

milawakka! ;lie lawak pnlftfoka, fa gftimcao gak gfpakbukd takpa prnsis pikdagflak!.mfr &arf//ugfk agalae "irgaka Miktirf SF oi18! Oitirlfcatak .mfr &arf/uggfk

gftimcao matf tiktara gf tikdae ri#nlusf, oikgatf "risfgik &nioarkn mikdiluaroak vitn

uktuo tfgao mimpircnlieoak .mfr gftimcao matf

niarkn gak (nsi.e 0rn Wftn

Oitfoa fcuonta SF Vndaoarta )atue, &nioarkn, Eatta, gak silurue akddnta oacfkit gfVndaoarta tilae mimutusoak uktuo mikirae! itapf cadfak tircisar pimfmpfk mflftir

cirtioag uktuo cir)uakd tirus gak cireasfl mikdnrdakfsfr pirakd dirfla milawak

-ilakga! &nioarkn tampaoka licfe mikuoaf )alak gfplnmasf oitfmcakd )alak oiouatakcirsik)ata!

$f tikdae pikguguoak Ka5f Jirmak gak Ftalfa =asfs, Jnsipe -rn5 ftn, sinrakd warda

Ornasfa akd cireasfl mikdnrdakfsfr simua oisatuak itkfo Vudnsla#fa gf gairae -aloak

uktuo milawak Ka5f Jirmak gak Ftalfa =asfs gikdak taotfo1taotfo dirfla!

SA 7artfkf akg i#f artfa

Oumpulak surat1surat Oartfkf oipaga saeacat1saeacatka nrakd -ilakga gak gftulfskagalam taeuk 37??G37?9 gftircftoak nlie J!E! .cikgaknk galam taeuk 3733 gikdak

)ugul Hnnr gufstirkfs tnt lfbet

Fkgnkisfa ftfgao ciroisimpatak mikdimcakdoak amal caotfka oarika mikfkddal muga(3akfta! -ireasrat gak cirtioag uktuo ma)uoak

oaumka! $fwu)ugoak gikdak cirgfrfka &ionlae Sagik $iwf (37?9 akd mimcirfoak

pila)arak pikditaeuak umum, oitirampflak takdak wakfta gak oiadamaak Oimugfakputrf Sagik &nmakidara cireasfl mikgfrfoak si)umlae sionlae! &ioarakd masfe aga

&ionlae $iwf &artfoa!

)ut %a fk akg =7= Wrfmurtf

But Kao $fk gapat mimpikdaruef suamfka, iuou 0mar, adar oimcalf cirpfeao

oipaga carfsak oaum Muslfmfk galam cireagapak gikdak tiktara a.ei= Oitfoasuamfka tiwas galam pipirakdak fa mikirusoak pir)uakdak sampaf aoefrka fa saoft

gak cuta! "ikdfoutka gimf bfkta paga But Kao $fk earus mikiraeoak oipaga

-ilakga, adar gapat pirawatak!


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"ir)uakdak &!O! rfmurtf tfgao oikal lilae! Fa pirkae gftaeak gf "ik)ara >akfta -ulu,

&imarakd oarika mikicaroak pam/lit aktf1-ilakga, gak gfakdoat mik)agf Miktirf

"ircurueak Oacfkit .mfr &arf/uggfk! Fa )uda gfoikal sicadaf tnone )urkalfs pirimpuakgak misofpuk gioat gikdak "risfgik &nioarkn, fa cirakf mikiktakd pnlfdamf!

+irlfka akg $arsfkaeEirlfka &f "ikgfkd 4mas cidftu pakddflakka! &uoiralawatf akd tirlfcat galam ;pirasf

"imcicasak Frfak -arat

.otf#fs curue akd gfcukue mflftir gf masa ;rgi -aru! $fa gfoikakd sicadf sfmcnlpirlawakak curue!

Hatma#atf akg ftf +artfkae

Fstrf Oitfda "risfgik &nioarkn gak gfoikakd sicadaf sisinrakd akd mik)aeft &akd &aoaMirae "utfe akd gfofcaroak gf gipak rumae &nioarkn! $fa mikgapat dilar sicadaf

"aelawak Kasfnkal

Fstrf "risfgik &nieartn gak gfoikakd akd mimpraoarsaf cirgfrfka amak Mfkf

Fkgnkisfa Fkgnkisfa, akd mimpirlfeatoak oiakioaradamak cugaa Fkgnnkisfa!, $famikgapat dilar sicadaf paelawak kasfnkal

utak -aerfr akg Wak $alaa

"irgaka Miktirf SF oi 3 gak licfe mikuoaf stratidf gfplnmasf galam mimpirtaeakoak

Fkgnkisfa !Mikgapat dilar sicadaf paelawak kasfnkal!;pnsak akd licfe mikuoaf stratidf oiouatak cirsik)ata galam mimpirtaeakoak

Fkgnkisfa gak gftimcao matf tiktara paga masa ri#nlusf kasfnkal! Mikgapat dilar

paelawak kasfnkal!

/irf. nimnearg-n akg ugfrmak

Manr OKF*, sicuae pakdoat tirtfkddf akd gfpirnlie satu1satuka nrakd Fkgnkisfa

Mik)agf Oipala &ta/ 0mum iktara Oiamakak Saoat$afgakben "ita, pakdoat tirtfkddf galam "imcila akae .fr! Mik)agf "akdlfma -isar

iktara Oiamakak Saoat

%af Adikd irakd akg Talakga $aramfs

"i)uakd wakfta garf &irakd (Jawa ikdae akd tirlfcat galam "irakd Jawa 3


10/68

2a-ae $aga akg Im.u Waktular

Maeapatfe oira)aak Ma)apaeft gf cawae ra)a Eaak >uruo gak tiroikal gikdak

&umpae .muotf "alapaGmimpirsatuoak Kusaktara gf cawae Ma)apaeft!Mikulfs Oftac utasnmagak mimpiroikal oata0efkia Wukddal &agak mik)agf mnttn

paga lamcakd Kidara Oisatuak Sipuclfo Fkgnkisfa!

.gmfral Maiga akg Samnkg HuroH >istirlfkd

*aosamaka *aut Jipakd Maiga, mimpukaf sfmpatf paga aspfrasf paga oimirgioaak

Fkgnkisfa gak mikigfaoak timpat tfkddalka uktuo mikusuk tios prnolamasf!Oaptik OKF* gak mimfmpfk npirasf .kdoatak "irakd Satu .gfl akd mimcukue

pulueak rfcu raoat &ulawisf &ilatak

) knub +urdrnk%i akg (+ Acikgaknk;frfiktalfs garf -ilakga gak mik)agf pikasieat pimirfktae Efkgfa -ilakga galam

mimagamoak "irakd .bie akd sugae lama cironcar!

-irsama #ak $i#iktir, oampfuk pnlftfo 4tfs gak akd mikircftoak surat1surat Oartfkf

oipaga saeacat1saeacatka ciroicakdsaak -ilakga (Eacfs 'ilap ircftlae irakd!

(ak "fitirnnk )nik akg A+( Lnvfk'ucirkur Jikgral akd mikimpatoak %;B sibara onone gak mimfkgaeoak maroas %;B

garf Maluou oi -ata#fa!

'ucirkur Jikgral akd tiraoefr gak mikaosfoak cikgira mirae, putfe gak cfrugfturukoak!garf cumf Fkgnkisfa!

fr Wenmas tak!nrg Sa!!lis akg (neakkis vak gik 0nsbe

*itkak 'ucirkur Jikgral Fkddrfs gak mikdagaoak pimcaruak1pimcaruak pimirfktaeaksirta mikulfs Wei +fstnr% n! (ava

'ucirkur Jikgral -ilakga gak mimpiroikaloak &fstfm akam "aosa! -nsbe

mikakamoak prfksfp oiuktukdak sicadaf prfksfp utama pimirfktae

T& &kgikcurd akg 0nka!fbus gi (nkdi=

'ucirkur Jikgral akd mimpukaf cakao oisimpatak uktuo mimpraotioak pnlftfo 4tfsgak mimpukaf aprisfasf tireagap kasfnkalfsmi Fkgnkisfa!

'ucirkur Jikgral akd mikiktakd simua ciktuo kasfnkalfsmi gak tfgao fkdfk milfeat

%nlosraag mimafkoak pirakak piktfkd!

utbe Iast &kgfa )nm.ak% akg &kgfis 2nvirmikt

$fgfrfoak paga taeuk 3:?8, nlie saugadar1saugadar -ilakga gikdak guoukdak garf

Oira)aak -ilakga! Mik)ilakd acag oi 37 cakdorut oarika onrupsf gak salae urus!$fciktuo paga taeuk 3


11/68

$fgfrfoak paga taeuk 37?aofl

"risfgik sirta mimciktuo oacfkit!

ariat &slam akg "artaf asfnkal &kgnkisfa&imula cirkama &arioat $adakd Fslam, akd gfgfrfoak nlie Ea)f &amakeugf paga taeuk

3733 gf &nln! &itaeuk oimugfak cirucae kama mik)agf ariat &slam!$alam pir)alakak

si)arae cirucae mik)agf )iktral irfat &slam, "artaf ariat &slamgak tiraoefr"artaf

ariat &slam &kgnkisfa=$fgfrfoak paga taeuk 378A gak gfoituaf nlie &nioarkn! Oimugfak oitfoa &nioarkn gak

oawak1oawak gfpik)ara "imirfktae Efkgfa -ilakga, tirpibae mik)agf "artfkgn gak"ikgfgfoak Kasfnkal Fkgnkisfa -aru! Oimugfak &nioarkn masuo "artfkgn!

"ita akg +ifen"imcila akae .fr gfgfrfoak paga taeuk 3796, tfgao sibara rismf mik)agf cadfak garf

-alatiktara "ikguguoak Jipakd

"asuoak "imcaktu akd gfgfrfoak paga taeuk akd sama! Eifen mik)agf cadfak garf

.kdoatak $arat gak .kdoatak *aut!Jipakd!

'nlsraag akg 7&"

$iwak Saoat akd tirgfrf garf tfda dnlnkdak aokf nrakd -ilakga, fmur .sfkd gak-umfputira

Mimcaktu "risfgik SF, oimugfak gfcirfoak oiouasak lidfslatf/, akd gf)alakoak -"

Onmfti Kasfnkal Fkgnkisfa "usat!

0fkkiklakgs 0istuur akg &klakgsbe 0istuur

"imirfktae Efkgfa -ilakga mimaoaf gua sfstim pimirfktaeak, aokf 0fkkiklakgs

0istuur (pidawaf -ilakga akd oicakaoak cila)ar gf luar kidirf gak &kgllaksbe0istuur(pikduasa prfcumf akd tirgfrf garf dnlnkdak prfaf!

ukga 7ila.a akg (a%aarta&ukga Oilapa gfcawa oiouasaak oira)aak "a)a)arak akd ciradama Efkgu1-ugea Oitfoa

&ukga Oilapa gftaoluoak nlie =alitieak akd ciradama Fslam paga taeuk 3@8A, cirucae

kama mik)agf Jaaoarta! Earf pikaoluoak gfpirfkdatf sicadaf earf ulakd taeuk ontaJaoarta!

33


12/68

Si.uclf &kgnkisfa akg Si.uclf &kgnkisfa irfat

Sipuclfo Fkgnkisfa mirupaoak makf/istasf garf Fkgnkisfa akd gfkataoak paga takddal

3A .dustus 379@! SF gfsicut sicadaf kidara oisatuak!Sipuclfo Fkgnkisfa &irfoat tirgfrf garf Sipuclfo Fkgnkisfa, : kidara cadfak gak A gairae

ntnknm! SF& gfsicut sicadaf kidara /igiral!

-n#ik $fdul akg -uru Fslakg

Mirioa akd tirlfcat galam "imcirnktaoak Onmukfs Fkgnkisfa 378:D378A gfcuakd oi

-n#il $fdul ("apua! &utak &)aerfr gak Mne! Eatta )uda gfcuakd gf sfkf!Mirioa akd gftugue tirlfcat galam "irfstfwa 'iraoak 6? &iptimcir 37:@ gf pik)ara gf

"ulau -uru!

uraca%a 0attli akg 0akgukd ia n! Hfriiwaska -rfdagfr Jikgral .>& Mallac (Fkddrfs tilae mikicacoak "irfstfwa

&uracaa akd mikfmculoak rfcuak onrcak gak gfoikakd sicadaf +arf "aela#ak (3?

Kn#imcir 379@

"irtimpurak milawak oieagfrak oimcalf -ilakga paga culak Marit 379: gakmikdfleamf ladu+alln;ealln 0akgukd

atfnkal Sivnlutfnk akg nbfal Sivnlutfnk

"irakd Oimirgioaak 379@G3797, aktara Fkgnkisfa akd cirusaea mimpirtaeakoak

oimirgioaak gikdak -ilakga akd cirusaea mikduasaf oimcalf Fkgnkisfa!"ikgaulatak atas kama raoat tireagap pamnkd pra)a gak pimcukueak tireagap si)umlae

cakdsawak gf -ricis, "imalakd, -ricis (fda $airae gak &umatra fmur (apakulf gak

.bie

Lfkddar-atf Adrrimikt akg Sikvflli Adriimikt

"ir)ak)fak *fkddar)atf (38 Kn#imcir 379: gf gairae Oukfkdak (Jawa -arat,

mikataoak caewa oiouasaak SF gi /abtn atas Jawa, Magura gak &umatra!"ir)ak)fak Sik#flli (Jakuarf 379


13/68

Oitfoa #ak *fmcurd &tfrum mirasa Kidirf -ilakga galam caeaa, gfa mimak/aatoak

oisimpatak uktuo mimpirnlie guoukdak gikdak mimcirf oipaga raoat Fkgnkisfa akd

mimcirf earapak paga culak Kn#imcir 373

&uraktfoa &amfk gak pikdfout1pikdfoutka gf -lnra miknlao sidala ciktuo oiouasaakgarf luar (mimcaar pa)ao, milaosakaoak oir)a paosa gak mimak/aatoak sionlae1

sionlae pimirfktae

"imcirnktaoak sakdat sfkdoat para awao oapal akd ciroicakdsaak -ilakga gak

Fkgnkisfa gf atas oapal akdoatak laut ivik "rnvfkbfikpaga =icruarf 376@!

(ul% > te, 16C akg $arbe 1 te, 166

"irfstfwa pikbulfoak "irgaka Miktirf &utak &)aerfr gak "imirfktae mikalaeoakak

Malaoa akd sigakd ciraga galam taeakak! Oi)agfak tirsicut mikddamcaroak tir)agfpirsafkdak ilfti pnlftfo gf piktas kasfnkal!

&irakdak 0mum akd gfpfmpfk nlie ;#irsti &nieartn, uktuo mikuk)uooak oipaga gukfacaewa Sipuclfo Fkgnkisfa titap iosfs! &fapa akd mik)agf pimraoarsa masfe mik)agf

pirgicatak! &nieartn, &rf &ultak, -amcakd &udikd gak "akdlfma &ugfrmak!

Wrfnra akg #fnra"fgatn "risfgik &nioarkn gf Vndaoarta paga takddal 37 $isimcir 37:? akd

mikirueoak pimcicasoak Frfak -arat gak mikdimcalfoak oi pakdouak Fcu "irtfwf

('adaloak kidara cnkioa "apua, Ofcaroak &akd Mirae "utfe gf Frfak -arat gakMncflfsasf 0mum!

"fgatn "risfgik &nioarkn paga takddal 3A .dustus 379@ gak mikdakddap "imciktuoak

=igirasf Malasfa (&fkdapura, Malaa gak Oalfmaktak 0tara sicadaf prniokinonlnkfalfsmi Fkddrfs ('adaloak "imciktuoak =igirasf Malasfa gak Mncflfsasf

0mum!

$alarf A!!afrs akg $a% A!!afrs

Oirusueak paga *fma -ilas Jakuarf 37A9, gfgaeuluf gimnktrasf maeasfswa Fkgnkisfa

akd aktf mngal asfkd (tirutama Jipakd!

Oirusueak massal akd tircisar galam si)arae Fkgnkisfa mngirk , gfgaeuluf nliepirfstfwa pikimcaoak impat maeasfswa rfsaotf paga 38 Mif 377

&kgnkisfa 'rf- akg &kgnkisfa 7laadt"fgatn pimcilaak Mneammag Eatta gf Kidirf -ilakga! ima oitfgaoalfak tireagap gak

iosplnftasf atas Fkgnkisfa gak raoatka mirimcis gf galam pfgatn tirsicut, akd

mikioak gampao psfonlndfs akd sicalfoka atas raoat akd gfrikgaeoak gak gfefkaoak"fgatn "imcilaak &nioarkn gf -akgukd! Fa miknrntf galam artf siluas1luaska, eaofoat

fmpirfalfsmi, mikioakoak oaraotirka akd sfstfmatfs, mikilusurf pikdarueka

tireagap Fkgnkisfa, gak cirusaea mikimpatoak "KF galam onktios si)arae tirsicut

36


14/68

ftf urca%a akg alae Asueak

$ftulfs nlie Marae Snislf gikdak latar cilaoakd Mfkakdoacau Mikbirftaoak mikdikaf

pirbfktaak &ftf Kurcaa gak &)amsul -aberf gikdak si)umlae ealakdak akd gfeagapfka.ga orftfo snsfal galam kn#il rnmak tirsicut

$ftulfs nlie .cgnil Mnifs gikdak latar cilaoakd Mfkakdoacau! Mikbirftaoak pirbfktaak

Eaka/f gikdak Bnrrfi gi -ussi titapf oarika agat Eaka/f mikfoae gikdak Sapfae titapfoimugfak mikfkddaloak Sapfae gak mikfoae gikdak Bnrrfi! $fbirftaoak Eaka/f akd

pirkae cila)ar gf Kidirf -ilakga gak cirlaou sipirtf nrakd -arat gak milupaoak tragfsf

nrakdtuaka!

0alaf "ustaa akg "nig-akdda 0arni

*imcada pikircftak pimirfktae gfgfrfoak paga taeuk 373< gak mikircftoak oara sastra

olasfo, birfta1birfta raoat, mikir)imaeoak oisusastiraak -arat gak mikircftoakoisusastiraak Fkgnkisfa caru!

"aga taeuk 3766 gftircftoak ma)alae sastra akd sakdat cirpikdarue! &utak aogfr

.lfs)acakae cirpirak piktfkd gf saka!

&kgnkisfa Wakae Wum.ae arau akg 7ira#akd;0iasf

&a)ao1sa)ao tirsicut mikbirmfkoak gf oalakdak tirpila)ar muga caewa pirtama1tamamirioa agalae nrakd Fkgnkisfa gak caru akd oigua agalae nrakd Mfkakdoacau, -atao,

Fslam, Orfstik, atau apa sa)a! $ftulfs nlie Mueammag Vamfk uktuo mimpirfkdatf

&umpae "imuga aeuk "irtama!&a)ao 7ira#akdB0iasf gftulfs nlie Beafrfl .kwar uktuo mikddilnraoak simakdat

oicakdsaak pi)uakd galam ri#nlusf kasfnkal uktuo mimpirtaeakoak KOSF!

)nmmnk iksi akg (i# ati$ftulfs nlie enmas "afki akd laefr gf Fkddrfs gak gfkataoak caewa Fkddrfs tfgao

paktas mimirfktae .mirfoa!Mimcirf fkspfrasf uktuo cirnktao tireagap oiouasaak

Fkddrfs gak oimugfak tir)agf Si#nlusf .mirfoa 3AA@!$ftulfs nlie eingnri Eir5l (Vaeugf 4rnpa! Mikdikaf pirluka nrakd Vaeugf

mimpukaf kidara akd oitfoa ftu mik)agf onrcak aktf &imft! Mimcirf fkspfrasf nrakd

Vaeugf uktuo oimcalf oi takae afr,

Wei afr% n! Akki Hrak akg $ifk 7am.!

$ftulfs dagfs Vaeugf Jirmak akd cirusfa 39 taeuk galam pirsimcukfak gf -ilakga!

.kki =rako mikbirftaoak pikdalamakka silama gua taeuk galam pirsimcukfakOiluarda .kki =rako gftakdoap Ka5f Jirmak gak .kki =rako mikfkddal muga gf Jirmak

$ftulfs oitfoa Eftlir gftaeak ciktikd *akgscird! Fa mikulfs mimnfr akd cirfsf

pakgakdak cakdsa gak kidara! Oimugfak mik)agf oftac subf Ka5f Jirmak!

nnr gufstirkfs tnt lfbet akg arfkae=

$ftir)imaeoak -alaf "ustaoa gikdak )ugul HEacfs 'ilap ircftlae irakd! $alam surat1surat Oartfkf ftu tirciktakd bfta1bftaka mikdikaf imaksfpasf wakfta gak tirsfrat luoa

catfk! -uou tirsicut mimcuat Oartfkf mik)agf tiroikal!

39


15/68

-uou akd gftulfs &nioarkn paga saat ri#nlusf kasfnkal -ircfbara mikdikaf 4maksfpasf

wakfta gak ri#nlusf kasfnkal! Kama arfkae gfacagfoak paga nsirca pirtama akd aga

gf Fkgnkisfa!

&slamfb akg nbfalfsmG akg $ass Abtfnk

$ftulfs sitilae tir)agf pirpibaeak &arioat Fslam (&arioat Fslam "utfe gak &arioat FslamMirae! -ircfbara mikdikaf kflaf1kflaf snsfalfsmi ( oimirgioaak, pirsamaak gak

pirsaugaraak akd aga galam Fslam

$ftircftoak uktuo mimpirfkdatoak mikdikaf caeaa mikdagaoak maoar tireagapoiouasaak onlnkfal! ak Malaoa tfgao situ)u "OF akd cirmfkat cirnktao! "OF masfe

oibfl, cilum cidftu cirouou, tfgao mukdofk cfsa mikddiraoak massa!

+fstnr% n! (ava akg $a3 +avilar$ftulfs nlie &fr enmas &tak/nrg Sa//lis!irgfrf garf gua )flfg gak sicuae cuou cacnk

3!??? ealamak licfe tfgao circfbara oipigfak Jawa! $f takdakka, Efkgfa -ilakga agalae

Efkgfa akd ilno, pirmaf, takpa aga oilaparak

4guarg $nuwis $iooir mikulfs rnmak $a3 +avilaar(3


16/68

"irtumcueak ionknmf akd gfgasaroak paga pirluasak oisimpatak cadf simua nrakd

sibara agfl! Fa mimcirf suatu )alak akd cfsa mik)aueoak nrakd garf oisitfak lnoal gak

mimcuat mirioa mik)agf warda kidara garf oisilurueak cakdsa

)nmmnk Ikim% akg "nlftfb t%li fk &ktidratfnk

0paa mikbfptaoak musue cirsama garf luar! "ikbarfak musue garf luar abapoalfgfpirluoak uktuo mikdalfeoak masaraoat garf masalae oisuouak gak masalae ruwit

galam kidirf oi masalae luar kidirf (pikbfptaak musue garf luar, akd citul1citul aga

atau samasioalf tfgao aga!'aa pnlftfo para pimfmpfk akd mimpiroibfl pircigaak, gak pimcirfak pikdeardaak

sirta rasa enrmat tireagap simua suou cakdsa akd circiga1ciga -icirapa pimfmpfk

cirusaea mikakddapf oiakioaradamak gikdak bara cirpirflaou sicadaf pirsnkf/foasf

cakdsa ftu sikgfrf!

Higiralfsm akg Autnknm% fk &ktidratfnk akg i.aratfsm

Mikdikgalfoak diraoak siparatfsmi gikdak /igiralfsmi sicadafmaka tir)agf gf -ildfa

Mngil /igiralfsmi fkf gfoimcakdoak uktuo mikdeagapf pntiksf akbamak siparatfsmioarika pircigaak cugaa akd sakdat miknlno galam masaraoat -ildfa!

Mikdikgalfoak diraoak siparatfsmi gikdak ntnknmf oeusus, sicadafmaka tir)agf gfKakddnri .bie $arussalam gak "apua!

Wei 0frte n! 8S akg udnslavfa0&&S simula tirgfrf garf impat ripuclfo Susfa, 0orakfa, -ilnrusfa gak raksoausoasfa

('inrdfa, .rmikfa gak .5ircaf)ak! "aga taeuk 3789, 05ciofstak gak uroimifkfa

masuo! -icirapa taeuk cicirapa oimugfak a)ofstak, Oa5aoetak gak Ofrdef5a! =igirasf

raksoauoasfa gfcucaroak, gak 'inrdfa, .rmikfa gak .5ircaf)ak mikgapat statusripuclfo pikue! Jagf paga taeuk 3787, akddnta 0kf &n#fit mik)agf 33 ripuclfo! *at#fa,

4stnkfa, *fteuakfa gak Mnlga#fa caru masuo taeuk 379?!

&isugae "irakd $ukfa F, oitfoa .ustrfa1Enkdarfa tirpibae1pibae, Vudnsla#fagfpirsatuoak nlie &ioutu gak gf)agfoak oira)aak Vudnsla#fa paga taeuk 3783!Oimugfak

tirpibae1pibae aofcat pikguoak Ka5f Jirmak gak Ftalfa =asfs!$alam sftuasf "irakd $ukfa

FF, Jnsipe -rn5 ftn mikatuoak oimcalf Vudnsla#fa!

Wei 0frte n! 8S akg )efka

0&&S gfgfrfoak paga taeuk 3788 akd tirgfrf garf impat ripuclfo gak caru paga taeuk

379?, 0&&S tirgfrf garf 3@ ripuclfo!Bfka tilae aga rfcuak akd lalu, pirkae gfguguof nlie gfkastf Mnkdnl gak Makbeu! $f

acag ++, Bfka pirkae gfguguof nlie -alatiktara Jipakd

)efkisi akg Aracfak fk &ktidratfnk :&kgnkisfa

"ircigaak adama gak status snsfal1ionknmf akd licfe cafo mik)agf oikgala cadf

tirfktidrasf nrakd Fkgnkisfa gf Fkgnkisfa! ;rgi Si/nrmasf licfe milakbaroak prnsisfktidrasf oitfmcakd paga ;rgi -aru!

"irsamaak adama gak status snsfal1ionknmf akd sama tilae milakbaroak prnsis

fktidrasf nrakd .rac gf Fkgnkisfa!

3:


17/68

Iurn.i $nislfm akg Amirfbak $nislfm fk &ktidratfnk :I8 akg 8A?

irgapat si)umlae oikgala tifktidrasfka para pikgatakd akd ciradama Fslam gf 4rnpae

Multfoulturalofsmi (efgup cirgampfkdak sibara gamaf gak mikdenrmatf cugaa lafksicadaf sicuae oikfsbaaak ourakd mirisap galam masaraoat 4rnpae!

"rnsis fktidrasf cir)alak licfe lakbar cadf nrakd Muslfm .mirfoa! Multfoulturalfsmi

(efgup cirgampfkdak sibara gamaf gak mikdenrmatf cugaa lafk sicadaf sicuaeoikfsbaaak licfe mirisap galam masaraoat .mirfoa!

atfnk ag )earabtir 0uflgfkdG akg tati 0uflgfkdKatfnk akg Bearabtir -uflgfkd gfmaosugoak sicadaf prnsis pikbfptaak fgiktftasakd

sama gf oalakdak pikguguo akd mikguoukd onmukftas pnlftfo ftu! "rnsis fkf sirfkd )uda

gfsicut sicadaf prnsis pikbfptaak kidara1cakdsa! $alam fstflae fkf tiroakgukd pikdirtfak

satu cakdsa tfkddal galam satu kidara!&tati -uflgfkd gfmaosugoak sicadaf pimcfkaak stuotur gak prnsis pikdnrdakfsasfak

oiefgupak pnlftfo gak pimirfktaeak! "rnsis fkf earus gflimcadaoak adar kidara1 kidara

mngirk ftu cfsa gfpirtaeakoak!

$nllubak akg Tist (ava i.aratfsm

"imcirnktaoak Sipuclfo Maluou &ilatak! "imcirnktaoak gfmulaf oitfoa cadfak garfoilnmpno suoucakdsa .mcnk miknlao uktuo cirdacukd gikdak Fkgnkisfa sisugae

)atueka kidara Fkgnkisfa fmur sicadaf kidara cadfak garf Sipuclfo Fkgnkisfa &irfoat

"imcirnktaoak ciraoefr gikdak gftakdoap, gfagflf gak gf)atuef euoumak tireagappimfmpfk SM&, $r! &numnofl ('iraoak &iparatfs cirlakdsukd sialama 9 culak!

"imcirnktaoak $arul Fslam gf Jawa -arat!'iraoak oiadamaak fkf, akd cirtu)uak

mimciktuo suatu kidara Fkgnkisfa cirgasaroak euoum Fslam! &isugae tirtakdoap gak

gfagflfka pimfmpfkka, Oartnsuwfrn, paga taeuk 37:8, carulae oiagaak gamaf gakoitiraturak gf Jawa -arat! ('iraoak siparatfs cirlakdsukd sialama 38 taeuk

i.aratfsm fk nute akg nrte )ilicis"imcirnktaoak $arul Fslam gf &ulawisf &ilatak! $fpirluoak 3@ taeuk uktuo mikdaoefrf

pimcirnktaoak tirsicut!"aga culak =icruarf 37:@, Oaear Mu5aoar tircukue gftimpat

pirsimcukfakka gf &ukdaf *asntn, akd )uda mikakgaoak ciraoefrka diraoak $arulFslam gf &ulawisf &ilatak!

"imcirnktaoak "irmista &ulawis 0tara! "imcirnktaoak paga gairae iospnr onpra fkf

fkf gfsicacoak nlie suatu piknlaoak tireagap oicf)aoak siktralfsasf ionknmf pimirfktae

pusat!, "imcirnktaoak "irmista gfcawae pfmpfkak %ikt)i &umual cirlakdsukd lfmataeuk!

i.aratfsm fk Abie akg Tist umatrak"imcirnktaoak $arul Fslam gf .bie! -iraoefrka "imcirnktaoak $FDFF gfcawae

pfmpfkak Oartnsuwfrn gf Jawa -arat paga taeuk 37:6 )uda mikdaoefrf pimcirnktaoak

$FDFF gf cawae pfmpfkfk ikdou $aug -uriue gf .bie"imcirnktaoak "imirfktae Si#nlusfnkir Sipuclfo Fkgnkisfa gf cawae pfmpfkak

&)arf/uggfk "rawfrakidara gf &umatra -arat gfkataoak paga taeuk 37@7! "imcirnktaoak

fkf eaka cirlakdsukd cicirapa mfkddu sa)a, misofpuk tilae gfguoukd gak gflfkgukdf

garf ugara nlie pisawat1pisawat timpur luar kidirf akd tfgao tirfgiktf/foasf!

3A


18/68

niarkn akg nieartn "nlfb% tn#arg i.aratfsm

"imcirnktaoak Sipuclfo Maluou &ilatak, "imcirnktaoak $arul Fslam D iktara Fslam

Fkgnkisfa (Jawa -arat, &ulawisf &ilatak, Oalfmaktak &ilatak gak .bie, "imcirnktaoak"imirfktae Si#nlusfnkir Sipuclfo Fkgnkisfa gak "imcirnktaoak "irmista!0ktuo

mimagamoak pimcirnktaoak gflaouoak tirlicfe gikdak oiouatak mflftir! &imua

pirlawakak cfsa gftfagaoak gfcawae &nioarkn!"imcirnktaoak ;rdakfsasf "apua Mirgioa, ;rdakfsasf .bie Mirgioa gak =ritilfk 0ktuo

mimagamoak pimcirnktaoak gflaouoak gikdak oiouatak mflftir &imua pirlawakak

tfgao cfsa gfaoefrf gikdak cafo!

+acfcfi akg Acgurrabemak Taefg "nlfb% tn#arg i.aratfsm

"imirfktae Eacfcfi mikdagaoak ri/irikgum cadf raoat fmnr fmur uktuo titap

cirdacukd gikdak Fkgnkisfa atau fkdfk mirgioa! Ji)ao pikgapat akd gflaosakaoak nlie"--, raoat fmnr fmur fkdfk cirpfsae gikdak Fkgnkisfa (A

"imirfktaeak .cgurrabemak mikddaktfoak kama Frfak -arat mik)agf "apua gak

gfpircnlieoak raoat "apua uktuo mikdfcaroak cikgira -fktakd Oi)nra! "imirfktae

.cgurrabemak >aefg mimfkta Eikr $ukakt Biktri uktuo cirpirak sicadaf migfatnrgalam prnsis pirukgfkdak SF gikdak '.M!gak tir)agf oisipaoatak!

!$ida#atf akg usfln 0amcakd ugen%nkn "nlfb% "nlfb% "nlfb% tn#arg i.aratfsm!

"imirfktae Midawatf mik)alakoak ;pirasf irpagu (npirasf pimaktapak )alakka

pimirfktaeak gak npirasf pimulfeak oiamakak gak mikdiluaroak ukgakd1ukgakd Kn3


19/68

=aotnr iostirkal cirupa bampur takdak kidara lafk, oeususka kidara cisar cirsf/at tfgao

mikiktu tirdaktukd paga pnsfsf stratidfs kidara akd cirsakdoutak gak oipiktfkdak

kidara cisar tireagap kidara tirsicut!

Ibnknmfbal &m.abt akg $nralft% flimma fk i.aratfsm "rnclim

Masalae pirsilfsfeak kasfnkalfs mirupaoak masalae ionknmf fktirkasfnkal! Kidara lafkmimpukaf oipiktfkdak atas cirgfrfka atau tirpfsaeka sicuae kidara!

Eao mikiktuoak kasfc cakdsa sikgfrf agalae sicuae kflaf mulfa siefkdda cakao kidara

mikguoukd pir)uakdak cakdsa1cakdsa miricut wflaae mirioa sikgfrf! Kamukoirumftak itkndindra/fs tfgao mimukdofkoak gukfa mikguoukd sitfap oilnmpno akd

mikdeikgaof wflaae sikgfrf!

Wei Hnrmatfnk n! &kgfa akg Wei Hnrmatfnk n! 2irmak%Fkgfa gaeulu tirgfrf garf ratusak oira)ak cisar gak oibfl gak oimugfak gfsatuoak nlie

onlnkfalfsmi Fkddrfs! itapf oimugfak Fkgfa tircilae gikdak alasak adama akd circiga

mik)agf Fkgfa (Efkgu gak "aofstak (Fslam

aeuk 3fllfim F gak Oaksilfr "rusfa ;ttn #nk -fsmarbo!

2f.s%, (i# akg &ktidratfnk fk Iurn.i

;rakd 'fps tirsicar gf 4rnpa (fmur gak ikdae! 'aa efgup nrakd 'fps akd

cneimfak mimcuat mirioa mimpukaf )arao snsfal gikdak masaraoat sitimpat;rakd Vaeugf tirsicar gf 4rnpa &i)ao mukbul diraoak aktf &imft, cakao nrakd Vaeugf

pulakd oi takae afr titapf cakao pula nrakd Vaeugf akd fkdfk mikitap gf 4rnpae!

)nlnkfal Igubatfnk, 0uriaubrati akg "nlftfbal Ilfti"ikgfgfoak Onlnkfal "imirfktae Efkgfa -ilakga tirkata mikdeasfloak gua ilfti akd

circiga, aftu ilfti cfrnorat gak ilfti pnlftfsf!

4lfti -frnorat agalae lulusak pikgfgfoak onlnkfal akd cioir)a paga pimirfktae Efkgfa-ilakga uktuo mik)alakoak cfrnorasf onlnkfal!

4lfti "nlftfsf agalae lulusak pikgfgfoak onlnkfal akd tfgao cirsigfa cioir)a paga

pimirfktae Efkgfa -ilakga gak cirmaosug uktuo mikddulfkdoak oiouasaak onlnkfal!

"rnblamatfnk Wi3t akg iblaratfnk n! &kgi.ikgikbi Wi3t

Wis "rnlamasf 7imirgiaak gfgfotioak nlie Mneammag Eatta gak gftulfs nlie

&nioarkn gak gfoitfo nlie &autf Milfo gikdak si)umlae pircafoak! $ftakgatakdakf nlie&nioarkn gak Mne! Eatta!

&icadfak cisar iblaratfnk n! &kgi.ikgikbi gftulfs nlie enmas Ji//irsnk akd

oimugfak mik)agf "risfgik .mirfoa &irfoat oi16! $ftakgatakdakf nlie si)umlae/nukgfkd /ateir .mirfoa &irfoat!

$ala%ak lakduadi akg (ava lakduadi fk usaktaraMasaraoat akd mikddukaoak caeasa Milau tirsicar gf circadaf timpat gf Kusaktara

gak cirsf/at idalftir siefkdda gf)agfoak sicadaf caeasa pirsatuak cakdsa Fkgnkisfa!

37


20/68

-aeasa Jawa eaka gfdukaoak nlie itkfs Jawa gak cirtfkdoat1tfkdoat siefkdda tfgao

mugae mimaeamfka! ;lie oarika ftu caeasa Jawa tfgao cfsa gfdukaoak sicadaf caeasa

kasfnkal garf cakdsa Fkgnkisfa!

Wei 2lnrfus Sivnlutfnk 1C55 akg Wei Hrikbe Sivnlutfnk 1456

"irtfoafak aktara parlimik (nr akg >efd gikdak ra)a Jamis FF akd ciradama Oatnlfogak gfaoefrf gikdak turuk taeta Jamis FF gak gfdaktfoak nlie putrfka Mar gak "akdirak

;raki (suamf Mar cirgasaroak pikuk)uooak garf "arlimik!

"imcirnktaoak raoat )ilata akd tfgao mimpukaf eao fstfmiwa gak cakdsawakrikgaeak cirnktao tireagap Si5fm Oukn gak *nufs +%F gfpakbukd nlie Sipuclfo

"irakbfs "irtama akd masfe muga usfa ftu! paga taeuk 3A76!

atfnkal Lakduakdi fk &kgfa akg &kgnkisfa>alaupuk Efkgf gfakddap sicadaf Hcaeasa rismf atas gasar caewa caeasa ftu gfdukaoak

palfkd cakao nrakd Fkgfa, kamuk caeasa ftu gftaktakd nlie caeasa (iludu,-ikdalf,

Maratef,amfl,'u)arat, Oakara, Malaalam, ;rfa, "uk)acf, .ssam, Oasemfrf gak

mikuktut status sama cadf caeasa mirioa tireagap caeasa Efkgf! Oarika tfgao agakacaeasa sicadaf saraka onmukfoasf gak fktiraosf aktarsuoucakdsa, Fkgfa gfpaosa

mikirfma suatu caeasa asfkd! -aeasa Fkddrfs, uktuo saraka onmukfoasf!Oikgatf nrakd Jawa manrftas, titapf caeasa pirsatuak cakdsa Fkgnkisfa agalae caeasa

Milau akd tirsicar pikddukaak gf circadaf gairae, akd oimugfak mik)agf caeasa

Fkgnkisfa!

Hrikbe akg (a.akisi fk Ikdlfse

Oikgatf nrakd "irakbfs cfsa circaeasa Fkddrfs, sicadafmaka laaoka nrakd 4rnpae!

itapf nrakd "irakbfs licfe suoa circfbara gikdak caeasa "irakbfs oitfmcakd caeasaFkddrfs gikdak nrakd asfkd!

&imua cuou akd circaeasa Fkddrfs akd cirigar gf Jipakd tilae gftir)imaeoak oi

galam caeasa Jipakd siefkdda mikicacoak oicakaoak nrakd Jipakd ourakd cirmfkatcila)ar caeasa Fkddrfs!

nbfal akg i!iksi atfnkalfsmKasfnkalfsmi gf galam cfgakd snsfal cfsa gfmakf/istasfoak gikdak agaka pirasaak

snlfgarftas atas pikgirftaak akd tir)agf paga saugara sicakdsa! Mfsalka, snlfgarftas atas

"irfstfwa sukamf gf .bie gak dimpa cumf gf Vndaoarta!

Kasfnkalfsmi gf cfgakd "irtaeakak cfsa gfmakf/istasfoak gikdak turut sirtaka wardakidara galam cila kidara! Mfsalka, ;pirasf "imcicasak Frfak -arat!

+irmak Tllfam aikglis akg 'ak $nn'ucirkur Jikgral ("irakbfs akd mimcakduk )alak .kir sampaf "akaruoak gikdak

oir)a rngf! Mimpiroikaloak cfrnorasf mngirk (Kapnlink Bngi gak mikiktakd

/ingalfsmi akd aga gf Jawa!*itkak 'ucirkur Jikgral akd laefr gf Fkgnkisfa gak mikbfptaoak pimirfktaeak /igiral

akd tirgfrf ikam kidara cadfak gak simcflak gairae ntnknmf!

8?


21/68

)nk!fgiratfnk n! &kgi.ikgikbi tatis akg Iurn.i 8kf

&itilae manrftas raoat 0orakfa akd mimpukaf eao pflfe mikdeikgaof supaa

ripuclfo mirioa mimciktuo kidara sikgfrf, mikdfoutf si)umlae kidara akd lafkka gf0&&S! "risfgik *inkfg M Ora#beuo (0orakfa, "risfgik &euseoi#fbe (-ilnrusfa gak

"risfgik -nrfs Viltsfk (Sussfa cirtimu paga :A $isimcir 3773, -nrfs Viltsfk

mikataoak gikdak pimciktuoak BF& cirartf ntnmatfs 0&&S cucar! &ipulue earfoimugfak para pimfmpfk garf < ripuclfo mikakgatakdakf giolarasf tirsicut, eaka

'inrdfa miknlao cidacukd gikdak BF&!

0kf 4rnpa cirawal garf Masaraoat 4onknmf 4rnpa gak oimugfak mik)agf Masaraoat4rnpa! 0kf 4rnpa akd cirpusat gf -russil fkf mimpukaf "risfgik Onmfsf, "arlimik

gak mata uakd tukddal 4urn!

Hrakbenk.enkfi )nuktrfis akg )nmmn#ialte n! atfnksKidara1kidara )a)aeak "irakbfs akd titap mikddukaoak caeasa "irakbfs sicadaf caeasa

onmukfoasf gak kidara1kidara circaeasa "irakbfs gak mimciktuo foatak uktuo

mikdimcakdoak caeasa "irakbfs (:6!

Kidara1kidara )a)aeak Fkddrfs akd mikdagaoak oir)asama circadaf cfgakd uktuooipiktfkdak cirsama galam Kidara "irsimaomurak gak gfoituaf nlie Fkddrfs (63!

Assfbfatfnk n! nuteiast Asfa astfnks akg Liadui n! Aracs

;rdakfsasf ridfnkal .&4.K gfgfrfoak paga taeuk 37:A uktuo la)u pirtumcueak ionknmf,

piroimcakdak snsfal gak pikdimcakdak oicugaaak gf .sfa ikddara (3?!;rdakfsasf ridfnkal .tac (fmur ikdae gak ./rfoa 0tara paga taeuk 379@ uktuo

mikdonnrgfkasfoak oidfatak pnlftfo, mik)ada oimirgioaak, oigaulatak sirta mima)uoak

oir)asama ionknmf, snsfal, gak oicugaaak (83!

/rdakfatfnk n! tei &slamfb )nk!irikbi akg nk;Alfdkig $nvimikt

Kidara1kidara akd manrftas pikguguoka ciradama Fslam gak kidara1kidara Fslam,

mimciktuo sicuae nrdakfsasf akd mikddalakd oipiktfkdak gukfa Fslam gf circadafkidara! (@A

Knk .lfdkig Mn#imikt mirupaoak oumpulak cisar kidara1kidara akd sibara aotf/

miknlao cirsioutu gikdak -lno -arat atau -lno fmur! 'iraoak Knk -lno fkf cirmulagarf Onknpiriksf .sfa ./rfoa (-akgukd, .prfl 37@@ akd gfeagfrf 8@ pimfmpfk

fktirkasfnkal!

Liadui n! atfnks akg 8kftig n! atfnks&uatu nrdakfsasf fktirkasfnkal dlncal akd gfgfrfoak nlie kidara1kidara pimikakd

"irakd $ukfa F uktuo mimilfeara pirgamafak gak oiamakak fktirkasfnkal sirta

mima)uoak oirsama ionknmf gak snsfal!"irsirfoatak "-- gfgfrfoak paga takddal 89 ;otncir 379@! "ara pikgfrfka kidara1

kidara .mirfoa &irfoat, Bfka, "irakbfs, 0kf &n#fit gak Fkddrfs! "-- gfgfrfoak gikdak

tu)uak uktuo mimilfeara pirgamafak gak oiamakak, uktuo mikdimcakdoak cirsaeacatgak oir)asama aktar cakdsa galam mimibaeoak circadaf masalae! Oitfoa ftu aga @?

kidara akd tirdacukd galam "--!

83


22/68

Tnrlg Wragi )iktir akg Tnrlg Wragi /rdakfatfnk

$ua pikbaoar lakdft oimcar gf Kiw Vnro akd gflamcakdoak sicadaf oi)aaak

oapftalfsmi .mirfoa &irfoat gak sioarakd sugae eakbur oarika sirakdak onmplntakHtirnrfsH gak gf timpat ftu aga mnkumik mikdikakd!pirfstfwa tradfs tirsicut!

>nrlg ragi ;rdakf5atfnk nlie sicadfak cisar nrakd sirfkd gfcaakdoak sicadaf cacao

caru fmpirfalfsmi akd mikdakbam oigaulatak kasfnkal tirutama kidara1kidaraciroimcakd!

+ikr% ukakt )iktir akg 8kftig atfnks Wim.nrar% I3ibutfvi Autenrft%Eikr $ukakt Biktir cirpirak sicadaf pikikdae galam prnsis pirukgfkdak aktara '.M

gikdak SF! "irukgfkdak tirsicut mikdeasfloak Jnfkt 0kgirstakgfkd n/ Eumakftarfak

"iabi /nr .bie akd gftakgatakdakf paga culak Mif 8???! gf cawae pimirfktaeak

.ccurabemak >aefg!$alam Kiw Vnro .driimikt tir)agf oisipaoatak uktuo mikiraeoak oiouasaak

agmfkfstratf/ paga 0K4. mik)agf pimirfktae piralfeak garf -ilakga oi Fkgnkisfa

(37:8G37:6! "aga 3 Jakuarf 37:6, &akd &aoa Mirae "utfe cirofcar gf cumf

Bikgrawasfe -aru sitilae 3 Mif 37:6, Frfak -arat gfsiraeoak oipaga pimirfktaeFkgnkisfa!

8kftig atfnks Assftakbi $fssfnk nk Iast Wfmnr akg &ktirkatfnkal Hnrbis !nr Iast

Wfmnr akg &ktirkatfnkal Hnrbis !nr Iast Wfmnr

Fa cirtudas mik/asflftasf gak mikdawasf )i)ao pikgapat raoat fmnr fmur titapcirdacukd gikdak Fkgnkisfa atau Mirgioa! Saoat fmnr fmur mimflfe mirgioa

$fciktuo nlie "-- paga takddal 36 &iptimcir 3777 sitilae KF gfakddap tfgao mampu

ladf mikdamakoak sftuasf )a)ao pikgapat atas gasar Si#nlusf $iwak Oiamakak 38


23/68

gikdak sicadfak cisar akddnta lafk ftu! caeoak mukdofk tfgao pula mikgikdar mirioa!

Kamuk tne gfcikao sitfap nrakd akd mik)agf akddnta cakdsa ftu efgup tiktakd

oicirsamaak mirioa! $i/fksf akd gfpiroikaloak nlie -ik .kgirsnk, sinrakd aelfKasfnkalfsmi tiroimuoa saat fkf!

asfnkalfsmiKasfnkalfsmi ftu agalae suatu paeam, akd cirpikgapat caewa oisitfak tirtfkddf

fkgf#fgu earus gfsiraeoak oipaga kidara oicakdsaak! $aeulu oisitfaak nrakd tfgao

gftu)uoak oipaga kidara oicakdsaak, milafkoak pilcadaf mabam ciktuo oiouasaaksnsfal, nrdakfsasf pnlftfo atau ra)a /iugal, gak oisatuak fginlndff sipirtf mfsalka suou

gak kidara onta, oira)aak gfkastf gak diri)a! "ikdirtfak akd gfoimuoaoak nlie Eaks

Onek, akd tulfsak mikdikaf Kasfnkalfsmi titap mik)agf ru)uoak!

atfnkal A#aikfkd ar%

-ugf 0tnmn gfgfrfoak paga takddal 8? Mif 37?< nlie Mas Kdacif >aefgfk

&ugfrneusngn, sicuae nrdakfsasf mngirk pirtama akd gfgfrfoak paga awal acag oi18?!

$flamcakdoak sicadaf awal garf diraoak kasfnkalfsmi Fkgnkisfa! &itfap takddal 8? Mifgfpirfkdatf sicadaf Earf Oicakdoftak Kasfnkal! &ioarakd gfpirfkdatf 3?? aeuk Earf

Oicakdoftak Kasfnkal nlie pimirfktaeak &usfln -amcakd Vugennkn!

nute #nrk

&umpae "imuga akd gfkataoak paga Onkdris "imuga Fkgnkisfa FF gf Jaoarta!Oamf putra gak putrf Fkgnkisfa cirtumpae garae akd satu, akae Fkgnkisfa

Oamf putra gak putrf Fkgnkisfa mikdaou circakdsa akd satu, cakdsa Fkgnkisfa

Oamf putra gak putrf mik)uk)ukd caeasa pirsatuak, caeasa Fkgnkisfa!

tugikt Abbusi

uktutak Maeasfswa Fkgnkisfa mik)ilakd oi)atueak pimirfktaeak &nieartn!

.gflf &nieartn gak ornkfka gikdak tugueak onrupsfEapus $wf/ukdsf .-SF

-iraktas Onrupsf, Onlusf gak Kipntfsmi

idaooak &upirmasf EuoumFmplimiktasf ntnknmf gairae

+irn n! Sivnlutfnk

&i)umlae Jikgral gak *itkak akd gfcukue nlie onmplntak 'iraoak 6? &iptimcir pagamalam )aeakam ftu! Mirioa mimpirnlie dilar sicadaf "aelawak Si#nlusf gak gfoikakd

galam Mnkumik "akbasfla &aotf gf *ucakd -uaa!

*itkak Jikgral .bemag VakfManr Jikgral &upraptn

Manr Jikgral Earnkn

Manr Jikgral & "armak-rfdagfr Jikgral $F "ak)aftak

-rfdagfr Jikgral &utnn

*itkak "firri ikgiak

86


24/68

+irn n! Si!nrmatfnk

"aga takddal 38 Mif 377aefgMidawatf &nioarknputrf

&usfln -amcakd Vugennkn

&ktrngubtfnk )nksftutfnk 169

-aewa sisukddueka Oimirgioaak ftu falae eao sidala cakdsa gak nlie sicac ftu, maoapik)a)aeak gf atas gukfa earus gfeapusoak, oarika tfgao sisuaf gikdak pirf1oimakusfak

"rnblamatfnk Wi3t"rnolamasf

Oamf cakdsa Fkgnkisfa gikdak fkf mikataoak Oimirgioaak Fkgnkisfa!

Eal1eal akd mikdikaf pimfkgaeak oiouasaak gll gfsilikddaraoak gikdak bara siosamagak galam timpn akd sisfkdoat1sfkdoatka!

Jaoarta, earf 3A culak < taeuk 379@

.tas kama cakdsa Fkgnkisfa&nioarkn D Eatta

Lenkiurm drakgiur it dlnfriKasfnkalfsmi pasba "irakd $ukfa FF (masa pimirfktaeak Bearlis gi 'aulli akd

cirtu)uak uktuo miwu)ugoak oimcalf kidara cakdsa "irakbfs akd mimpukaf

oienrmatak, oiadukdak gak oimulfaak! -irciga gikdak Kasfnklfsmi "irakbfs pagaSi#nlusf "irakbfs 3A


25/68

ciraoefr! Bara akd gulu gapat mik)awac taktakdak )amak, sioarakd tfgao mimagaf ladf

ireagap taktakdak caru fkflae pakddflak dikirasf caru!

Lfvi akg fi

Efgup atau Matf agalae oata1oata akd sirfkd gubapoak nlie pi)uakd1pi)uakd

oimirgioaoak galam mimpirtaeakoak oimirgioak gf masa Si#nlusf Kasfnkal (379@G3797! 0ktuo mimcila titap cirgfrfka sicuae kidara, pi)uakd oimirgioaak rila

mkdnrcakoak gfrfka! gak mikdnrcakoak kawa nrakd lafk!

Sfdet nr #rnkd fs m% bnuktr%

-afo atau salae agalae kidara saa agalae oata1oata akd gfubapoak "irgama Miktirf

"alimakste sicadaf pimcikarak uktuo pirluasak wflaae oira)aak Fkddrfs gf 5amak Satu

%fbtnrfa! Oitfoa ftu oira)aak Fkddrfs mikduasaf tu)ue lautak akd aga gak wflaaeoiouasaakka gf maka mataearf tfgao pirkae tircikam! 2riat 0rftafk rulis tei #adis=

8kftig #i stakg,

-irsatu ofta tidue, cirbiraf ofta ruktue agalae slndak akd gfdukaoak nlie cakdsaVukakf timpn gaeulu uktuo mimpirsatuoak kidara Vukakf oukn!&lndak ftu sirfkd

gfdukaoak cakdsa Fkgnkisfa uktuo mimpirtaeak oimirgioaak gak mimpirtaeak kidaraoisatuak!

Lfcirti, idalfti it !ratirkftiOicicasak, "irsamaak gak "irsaugaraak agalae slndak Si#nlusf "irakbfs 3A


26/68

$iutsbelakg ucir .llis!

Jirmak gfatas sidalaka mirupaoak simcnak Ka5f Jirmak gf cawae oiouasaak .gnl/

Eftlir! Ka5f Jirmak pirbaa cakdsa Jirmak cfsa gfoatidnrfoak sicadaf pimflfo ras .ra(Fkgn 4rnpa! ;lie oarika ftu, cakdsa Jirmak agalae cakdsa tirpflfe uktuo mimfmpfk

cakdsa lafk!

(nak gi Arb

"aelawak cakdsa "irakbfs akd cir)asa mikatuoak kidara "irakbfs!Fa pirbaa cikar

apa akd gflaouoak mirupaoak mfssfnk sabrii akd cirgasaroak pirfktae garf ueakOiaofkak simabam ftu tilae mimcuat diri)a ourakd ciroikak! Fa gfagflf nlie diri)a gak

gfakddap cirsalae! Jnak gi .rb gfcaoar atas pirfktae diri)a! Oimugfak cakao nrakd

mikdakddap gfrfka sicadaf nrakd subf!

(amflae=

&i)ao taeuk 3


27/68

Lii 7uak i#

-apao cakdsa &fkdapura! Fa cirusaea mimfsaeoak &fkdapura garf =igirasf Malasfa(37:@ "irgaka Miktirf pirtama &fkdapura! Fa gfoikal sicadaf prigaka miktirf akd

cioir)a oiras gak )u)ur *ii cireasfl mimcakduk kidara onta &fkdapura gikdak takdak

cisf!

$artfk Luteir 7fkd (r

"imfmpfk pikidaoak eao1eao sfpfl ./rn1./rfoa gf .mirfoa &irfoat akd oitfoa ftumimpirlaouoak warda oulft eftam sibara gfsormfkatf/! $alam pir)uakdaka sirfkd oiluar

masuo pik)ara! Mikirfma Kncil uktuo "irgamafak (37:9 iwas gftakdak waida oulft

putfe .mirfoa &irfoat paga 9 .prfl 37:

a.nlink 0nka.arti

&i)ao awal Kapnlink -nkaparti mikguoukd Si#nlusf "irakbfs 3A


28/68

La.nrak garf 0akarak

Mirupaoak mimnar Jikgral &fmatupakd akd gfbatatka silama sitaeuk efkdda

pikdaouak oigaulatak SF, 8A $isimcir 3797! $f sftu gfukdoapoak pirak raoat galampir)uakdak, tirmasuo ukdoapak Jikgral &ugfrmak tiktakd oimakukddalak raoat gak

tiktara! Vakd eikgao gftnk)nloak cuoak eaka tiktara akd cirpirak galam pirakd raoat

379@!

"imcirnktaak "itakf 1555

&artnkn Oartntnrg)n mikddamcaroak pirak piktfkd pitakf galam si)arae Fkgnkisfa"imcirnktaoak pitakf akd sirfkd tir)agf cuoak takpa soikarfn! Mirioa gfmntnrf

dnlnkdak1dnlnkdak pikguguo akd licfe tiroimuoa, sipirtf pimuoa adama gak oaum

kfkdrat! "imcirnktaoak 3


29/68

$asalae Wfnkdena gf &kgnkisfaD Asfmflasf vs &ktidrasf

Mfkdduak tar Tiil% (: =icruarfG8@ Jukf 37:? mik)agf saosf sioalfdus migak

pirgicatak tnone fnkdena Fkgnkisfa (;kd Eno Eam, Vap efam Efik gak *auw Beuakfn akd mikdakut paeam asfmflasf gak fktidrasf! Mirioa akd situ)u dadasak asfmflasf

cirearap oiturukak fnkdena circaur siefkdda licfe muga gftirfma warda prfcumf!

&icalfoka, akd situ)u onksip fktidrasf mikuktut itkfo fnkdena gfaouf sicadaf salaesatu suou Fkgnkisfa gak titap mimpirtaeakoak oicugaaakka!

Wei 0nrk n! Hfvi "rfkbf.lis&nioarkn mikampafoak pfgatn laefrka "akbasfla sibara lfsak paga 3 Jukf 379@ galam

sfgakd -agak "ikilfgfo 0saea "irsfapak Oimirgioaak Fkgnkisfa! Fktfka, fa

mik)acaroak gasar kidara akd gfcutueoak Fkgnkisfa! &nioarkn mikampafoak sibara

sfstfmatfs lfma sfla akd cilaoakdak gfsicut sicadaf "akbasfla! $alam pfgatnka, famikicut oicakdsaak Fkgnkisfa sicadaf gasar pirtama gak pulau Kusaktara sicadaf satu

oisatuak gfapft gua samugra gak gua cikua!

Sikddasgiln A!!afrs"aga takddal 3: .dustus 379@ padf Eatta gak &nioarkn tfgao gapat gftimuoak gf Jaoarta

"aga malam earfka mirioa tilae gfcawa nlie para pimfmpfk pimuga oi darkfsum "itagf Sikddasgikdolno, gikdak galfe milfkgukdf mirioa cflamaka militus sutu

pimcirnktaoak "ita gak Eifen! irkata tfgao tir)agf suatu pimcirnktaoak puk,

siefkdda &nioarkn gak Eatta sidira mikagarf caewa oi)agfak fkf mirupaoak suatuusaea mimaosa mirioa supaa mikataoak oimirgioaak gf luar rikbaka pfeao Jipakd,

tu)uak fkf mirioa tnlao!

i.timcir 16, 169 A!!afrs&uatu u)fak akd ta)am tiktakd oicisarak wfcawa oipimfpfkak &nioarkn tilae

gftampfloak paga takddal 37 &iptimcir 379@, paga rapat raosasa akd gfagaoak dnlnkdak

dnlnkdak pimuga gf lapakdak pusat Jaoarta, timpat "risfgik aoak cirpfgatn! "aga earfakd gftiktuoak, si)umlae cisar raoat mikdalfr oi lapakdak, simiktara pasuoak1

pasuoak Jipakd sfap mikdamcfl pnsfsf! &atu diraoak massa akd tfgao pfofr pak)akd atau

suatu riaosf pasuoak Jipakd, sugae buoup uktuo miligaooak pirtumpaeak garae sibaracisar1cisarak irkata pasuoak1pasuoak Jipakd tfgao cirdirao gak &nioarkn akd

mukbul mikampafoak pfgatn sfkdoat tiktakd oipastfak oimirgioaak gak oimugfak

mimfkta massa pikgikdarka cucar gikdak tikakd! Massa patue, gak oipatueak fkf

mimpirlfeatoak suatu pikampflak pikue wfcawa garf oipimfmpfkak &nioarkn!

ibrii 9 (ulf 1696

$iorft fkf mirupaoak oiputusak "risfgik &nioarkn mimcucaroak limcada tirtfkddfkidara Onksftuakti, easfl pimflfeak umum 37@@! *imcada ftu gfakddapka dadal

mikdeasfloak onksftusf caru uktuo mikddaktfoak 0kgakd10kgakd $asar &imiktara

37@?! &aat ftu tir)agf pircigaak pakgakdak fginlndf akd mika)am aktarakddntaOnksftuakti mikdikaf gasar kidara, apaoae cirgasaroak adama atau cuoak! $iorft fkf

mikdaoefrf pircigaak ftu gak gfakddap sicadfak oalakdak sicadaf pikilamatak kidara!

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30/68

amatn +ntil A!!afrs

Entil ;raki (-ilakga, Entil Vamatn (Jipakd gak Entil &fmpakd (Fkgnkisfa "imuga

Fkgn mikafoak cikgira Mirae "utfe -fru -ilakga! Oimugfak pimuga Fkgnkisfamikncio oafk cfru garf cikgira tirsicut! ir)agflae piroilaefak gf aktara oigua

oilnmpno tirsicut!

)nmmukfsm 8.rfsfkd 16EC16E4

"imcirnktaoak "OF tir)agf gf -aktik gak &fluoakd (&umatra -arat Sialfsf garf

"irtimuak Bakgf "ramcakak paga taeuk 378:! "imcirnktaoak takpa pirsfapak ciraoefrsibara sfkdoat! fgao gfsitu)uf nlie ak Malaoa gak Bnmmfktirk (Bnmmukfsm

Fktirkatfnkal gf Mnsonw!

"ita 8.rfsfkd fk 0lftar$istakmik "ita gf -lftar mikirakd dugakd pirsik)ataak Jipakd paga culak =icruarf

379@ gak mimcukue cicirapa sirgagu Jipakd! 4mpat pulue pra)urft "ita gfa)uoak oi

maeoamae mflftir gak gilapak nrakd gfaktaraka gfeuoum matf! Oiciragaak pimfmpfk

pimcirnktaoak &niprfagf tfgao gfoitaeuf oiciragaakka efkdda sioarakd!

u.ir imar&urat "irfktae &icilas Marit akd gfcirfoak nlie "risfgik &nioarkn oipaga *itkak

Jikgral &nieartn uktuo mikdamakoak sftuasf, gfdukaoak *itkak Jikgral &nieartn uktuo

mimcucaroak gak milarakd "OF sirta cagak1cagak tiroaftka, ilae )ilas caewaoiouasaak akd tilae gflfmpaeoak oipaga *itkak Jikgral &nieartn, sitfgaoka gf atas

oirtas, )aue milampuf apa akd gfearapoakka!

(ulf E4, 166C A!!afrs akg .rn gimnbrat mnvimikt"aga takddal 8A Julf 377: tiktara gak primak caarak milakbaroak sirakdak /rnktal akd

mikiwasoak si)umlae pikguoukd "$F gfcawae Midawatf &nioarknputrf gak mimfbu

oirusueak sirfus gf Jaoarta! "S$ gftugue cirtakddukd)awac atas pikdeasutak oirusueak!fkgaoak oiras tireagap "S$ akd cirlakdsukd gf silurue Fkgnkisfa mimcuat para

pimfmpfkka gfpik)ara uktuo )akdoa waotu lama gak )arfkdak sfmpatfsaka gfakafaa,

gfsfosa, gak galam cicirapa oasus gfeflakdoak!

nieartn Sisfdk

"ikdukgurak gfrf &nieartn paga takddal 83 Mif 377


31/68

Kn#imcir 3tfgao ladf mimigulfoak oimakusfak apaladf kawa nrakd! $f pfeal lafk pikdfout1

pikdfout &iktnt mikusuk pirlawakaka sikgfrf gikdak bara1bara akd sakdat lfbfk!"ikdfout1pikdfout &iktnt cfsa mimasuof silurue lapfsak pirtaeakak -ilakga, siefkdda

simua rikbaka $i -rnst silalu mikimuf oidadalak! $arf pagipnoak sampaf oisikfak

raoat cirkama H)atflakH mirupaoak pusat1pusat pirlawakak!

Li#at (am $alam

=fm fkf cirofsae tiktakd sinrakd cioas *itkak KF akd cirkama Fsoakgar! "irwfra fkfdadal mikisuafoak gfrf oimcalf galam masaraoat sitilae cirdirfla siofak taeuk!Bfkta

sisinrakd dagfs tirkata tfgao mikilamatoak Fsoakgar! 'adal cioir)a paga oaktnr

pimirfktaeGFa simpat mikfk)u atasakka paga earf pirtama fa masuo cioir)aGFsoakgar

mikbarf timak1timak lamaka, "irtimuakka gikdak 'ukawak, cioas onmakgakka,amat mikdibiwaoak eatfka! $arf sinrakd timak sipir)uakdakka, Fsoakgar taeu mngal

'ukawak mimulaf usaeaka agalae oioaaak pikdukdsf akd gftimcao nlie Fsoakgar

atas pirfktae 'ukawak! "ikdukdsf oaa ftu gftugue mata1mata nlie 'ukawak! $ak

sicadaf akao cuae akao cuae akd patue, Fsoakgar eaka mik)alakoak pirfktae! Ofkf fataeu simua pirmafkak lfbfo akd mik)agfoak gfrfka eaka alat! Malam ftu )uda Fsoakgar

mimcirisf 'ukawak! apf, Fsoakgar sikgfrf )agf umpak piluru patrnlf akd mikdawasfpilaosakaak )am malam! Oioibiwaak gak pimfsfmfsmi akd mirupaoak kaga gasar /flm

ftu!

"adar 7a#at 0irgurf=flm akd ofsaeka gfakdoat garf kn#il rfskn Vuwnkn fkf cirbirfta titakd si)umlae

pirwfra KF akd tirourukd galam suatu oamp tawakak -ilakga! "adar 7a#at 0irgurf

cuoak eaka circfbara tiktakd onk/rnktasf fmpirfalfsmi gak kasfnkalfsmi akdgfmikakdoak nlie akd tiraoefr! =flm fkf )uda circfbara onk/lfo watao gf oalakdak oaum

ripuclfoik akd ciraga galam taeakak -ilakga! Ofta cnlie mik/asfroak caewa onk/lfo gf

aktara para pi)uakd tirsicut agalae bnktne garf onk/lfo akd efgup gf oalakdak pararipuclfoik umumka paga masa ftu! $ak onk/lfo1onk/lfo ftulae akd oimugfak earf

sitilae pikdaouak oigaulatak, ciroimcakd mik)agf pirpibaeak gf oalakdak para

pi)uakd!

"ik%icirakdak

Fkflae /flm pirtama gak carakdoalf satu1satuka akd cirofsae tiktakd oitirlfcatak akao1

akao rima)a oi galam ri#nlusf! .kao1akao usfa sionlae ftu mikddacukdoak gfrf galampir)uakdak gikdak mimciktuo pasuoak tiktara pila)ar! "ikicirakdak cirofsae tiktakd

akao SF" (iktara Sipuclfo Fkgnkisfa "rila)ar akd cir)uakd gf Jawa fmur! Birfta

cirputar gf sioftar sicuae mirfam akd earus gfsicirakdoak miliwatf Oalf -raktas adartfgao )atue oi takdak musue gf satu pfeao, gak adar tirmak/aatoak nlie para pi)uakd, gf

pfeao lafk! "atrfntfsmi gak eirnfsmi, agalae bfrrf galam /flm fkf!

Ikam (am gf nd%a

=flm fkf cirofsae tiktakd pikguguoak onta Vnda paga pirakd oimirgioaak (379@G

3797 gak oidfatak para pi)uakd gf galam gak gf luar onta! none utama birfta fkf agalae

onta Vndaoarta! apf birfta sampaf oipaga piknktnk tirutama liwat pikampflak para

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aotf#fs diraoak cawae takae pfmpfkak Mnbetar! Birfta fkf mik)agf mikarfo nlie

tampflka tnone nrakd tua, aae sinrakd onmakgak dirfla! none fkf masfe

mikdfkdfkoak oimcalfka 5amak knrmal gak cnsak gikdak pir)uakdak akd tfgaoouk)ukd silisaf!

Li#at Wikdae $alam=flm fkf cirofsae mikdikaf sinrakd cioas pi)uakd akd mikdalamf oioibiwaak laktarak

timakka tilae efgup gak cirtfkgao cirtiktakdak gikdak bfta1bfta pir)uakdak mirioa

gaeulu! *nkn, tnone pi)uakd akd oibiwa ftu, aoefrka mik)agf pirampno akdmirampno timak1timaka akd onrup, uktuo oimugfak easfl rampnoak ftu gfcadfoak

oipaga raoat cakao akd licfe mimcutueoakka!

akd $uga akd 0irbfkta&nk agalae sar)aka muga akd )uda pikafr! &icadaf maeasfswa akd cilum

mimpukaf pikdeasflak titap tiktu fa sakdat tirdaktukd paga aaeka sinrakd piksfukak

gak pamakka akd oaa raa! Oioaaak pamakka akd tirkata gfpirnlie tfgao ealal,

gak )uda oioaaak saeacat oarfcka akd sama sa)a, simiktara lfkdoukdak oiefgupakprfcagfka gak pabarka, ftfio akd cafo tapf tfgao oaa, mikfmculoak masalae cadf

&nk! Maoa tampfllae prntis1prntiska galam ciktuo pufsf! Eaka fkf akd cfsagfpircuatka sioarakd oarika fa tfgao mukdofk circuat lafk!

"ikdefakatak 2 >@ "7&=flm fkf gfawalf gikdak ofsae tiktakd oi)agfak1oi)agfak akd mikdawalf mukbulka

tradigf pimcukueak para )ikgral .kdoatak $arat! $flak)utoak tiktakd pikumpasak

pimcirnktaoak ftu sikgfrf! $f sfkf gfluofsoak cadafmaka oiraska upaa akd gflaouoak

"akdonstrag, pimfmpfk pikumpasak pimcirnktaoak sampaf oi aoar1aoarka, 0ktuomikditaeufka agaka si)arae eftam, /flm fkf gfputar sitfap takddal 6? &iptimcir silama

cilasak taeuk sampaf "risfgik &nieartn mikdukguroak gfrf!

Wei &kgnkisfak tugikt $nvimikt

=flm simf gnoumiktir fkf cirofsae tiktakd diraoak maeasfswa 377< akd cirusaea

mikurukoak "risfgik &neartn garf masa )acatak prisfgik akd oitu)ue gak cireasfl =flmcirgurasf sioftar 9@ mikft fkf gfputar gf digukd cfnsonp W#ikt% /ki gak mikgapat

pikdeardaak

$a%=flm fkf cirofsae tiktakd sinrakd wakfta oiturukak fnkdena mikfkddaloak Fkgnkisfa

miku)u Malasfa sitilae mikdalamf pironsaak paga saat tir)agf oirusueak Mif 377< gak

fcuka akd mulaf tirdakddu )fwaka oarika mirasa oieflakdak putrf satu1satuka! $fkidirf )frak akao gak fcu akd tfkddal gf timpat akd circiga eikgao milupaoak

oi)agfak akd traumatfs! Oi)agfak1oi)agfak akd mikirtaf oimugfak tilae

mikicacoak akao gak fcu mimutusoak uktuo oimcalf oi takae afr! Ma gak fcukaonrcak oirusueak tfkddal gfrumae akd gaeulu gfeukfka! Ma, putraka gak suamfka

tfkddal gf rumae tirsicut!

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(a%aca%a "rn.ibefis

Sa)a Jaacaa garf oira)aak Oigfrf! irat (a%aca%amirupaoak si)arae ramalak! irat

(a%aca%a miramaloak caewa oimilaratak gak osiikdsaraak aoak eflakd gikdakeagfrka nrakd oati oi takae Jawa uktuo waotu akd sfkdoat! ;lie oarika ftu, oitfoa

calatiktara Jipakd gatakd oi pulau Jawa paga awalka cakao nrakd mikamcut

oigatakdakka! gikdak earapak!

"rn!fli fk )nuradi

$ftulfs nlie sikatnr Jnek = Oikkig garf Massabeusitts, .mirfoa &irfoat! -ircfbaramikdikaf mnral akddnta Onkdris garf circadaf )amak! .tas kama prfksfp mikdeagapf

ka/su si)awat, pimflfe gak masaraoat! Mirioa agalae Jnek ufkb .gams, $akfil

>icstir, enmas Eart -iktnk,&am Enustak, 4gmukg ' Snssf, *ubfus & *amar,

'inrdi > Knrrfs, gak Sncirt . a/t! Mikgapat Eagfae "uflft5ir uktuo oarakdak cfndra/paga taeuk 37@A!

Wei tnr% n! f.nknrndn

$fpnkndnrn agalae "utra "aoucuwnkn F akd milawak oiouasaak onlnkfalfsmi -ilakga!"imirfktae Efkgfa -ilakga mikdasfkdoak "akdirak $fpnkndnrn oi Mikagn gak

oimugfak oi Maoasar! "akdirak $fpnkndnrn mikulfs si)arae oisultakak cirsirta rfwaatefgupka gf pikdasfkdak! Fa )uda mikbirftaoak mikdikaf pirukgfkdak gikdak Jikgral $i

Onbo! "akdirak $fpnkndnrn cir)uakd kidara mirgioa gak adama Fslam cirlaou gf "ulau

Jawa!

Wei Si.uclfb

"latn agalae /flsu/ Vukakf Oukn sampaf tirasa masfe pikdarueka! -uou fkf mukdofk

akd palfkd tirmaseur garf oaraka! "latn mimcfbaraoak damcarak suatu kidara akdfgial, Mikurutka kidara earus gfpirfktae sinrakd /flsu/ gak raoat earus taat paga

kidara! ;rakd1nrakd cf)aosaka earus ciraga paga pukbao oiouasaak!

Wei Sfsi akg Hall n! tei 2riat "n#irs

"ara pikulfs tinrf Hoimukgurak eidimnkfH sipirtf "aul Oikkig galam cuouka Wei

Snsi akg Hall n! tei 2riat "n#irspaga umumka mikdamcfl akalndf fmpirfum Fkddrfs,Jirmak gak &paknl gf acag1acag pirtikdaeak sicadaf pircakgfkdak gikdak sftuasf akd

gfeagapf nlie .mirfoa &irfoat giwasa fkf!.sumsf gasar para pikdakut tinrf

Hoimukgurak eidimnkfH agalae oiouatak .mirfoa &irfoat sicadaf sicuae kidara

eidimnkf gukfa sugae mulaf mikuruk gak gframaloak aoak tirsafkdf nlie oiouatak1oiouatak simf1eidimnkf caru! "rnsis oimukgurak fkf mirupaoak prnsis akd tfgao

tirefkgaroak gak mirupaoak onksiouiksf lndfs garf stratidf kidara1kidara eidimnkf atau

fmpirfum akd tirlalu mikioakoak aspio mflftir duka mimpirtaeakoak iosfstiksf!

8kbli Wnms )acfk

Oitfoa ftu pircugaoak mik)agf masalae gf .mirfoa &irfoat! &ioitfoa sitilae gftircftoak,cuou akd gftulfs nlie Earrfit -ibeir &tnwi mikgatakdoak oidimparak! $alam taeuk

pirtama tir)ual eacfs garf 6??!??? cuae! -irofsae mikdikaf citapa tfgao cfsa gfpfsaeoak

oioi)amak garf limcada pircugaoak! Mimcirf fkspfrasf wflaae 0tara uktuo aktf

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pircugaoak! Oimugfak paga taeuk 3


35/68

Satu Agfl :(ustfbi Fuik?

Oartu akddnta &arioat Fslam sirfkd oalf gfakddap )fmat nlie nrakd1nrakd gisa! Ea)f

;imar &afg )nornamfkntn gfakddap sicadaf Satu .gfl! Satu akd agfl akd gframaloaknlie tragfsf1tragfsf Jawa akd misfakfstfs gfsicut 4ru Baora (aftu kama akd sama

gikdak )nornamfkntn! Oimugfak &nioarkn akd mikaktu garf )nornamfkntn

gfakddap sicadaf daktf garf E;& )nornamfkntn!

0iamtikstaat

Fa cirartf kidara pidawaf kidirf, Kidara onlnkfal siaoak1aoak ciroimcakd tfgaomikurut oipitfkdak masaraoat! $alam sftuasf onlnkfal, pnsfsf kidara agalae ouat gak

pnsfsf masaraoat agalae limae! Kidara tfgao mikdikal di)nlao1di)nlao snsfal gf

masaraoat! Kidara simabam ftu tfgao lafk garfpaga kidara pi)acat akd oaou

mikdeagapf pirsnalak1pirsnalak akd tir)agf gf masaraoat!

)nn.iratnr akg nk;)nn.iratnr fk asfnkalfst $nvimikt

$alam taeuk 3769 para pikduasa onlnkfal cirtfkgao tireagap nrdakfsasf1nrdakfsasf

pnlftfo kasfnkalfs gf Fkgnkisfa amcaeak ladf, gikdak simaofk paraeka giprisf gfcfgakd ionknmf gf silurue gukfa, cakao nrakd tirpaosa mikdeagapf eal1eal akd

mikgisao! .oak titapf, nrdakfsasf1nrdakfsasf caru akd licfe mngirat mukbul sipirtf"arfkgra gak 'irfkgn akd cirusaea mikbapaf sigfoft oima)uak galam oir)a sama

gikdak -ilakga!

nitarg-n "itftfnk&nitarg)n Oartneagfonisnimn agalae nrakd Jawa akddnta %nlosraag! "aga takddal 3@

Julf 376:, fa mikdusuloak adar "imirfktae, Satu -ilakga gak "arlimik gf Kidirf

-ilakga mimcirf Fkgnkisfa suatu pimirfktaeak akd cirgfrf sikgfrf galam waotusipulue taeuk! itapf pitfsf akd gfa)uoak atas kama %nlosraag, gftnlao nlie Satu

>fleilmfka takpa sfgakd "arlimik paga culak Kn#imcir 376

)nlliciratnr akg "atrtfnt

$f masa pikguguoak Jipakd/ aga gua stratidf galam mimpir)uakdakoak oimirgioaak

Fkgnkisfa! Mirioa akd ciroir)asama gikdak Jipakd abapoalf gfsicut sicadafOnlacnratnr gak mirioa akd tfgao cioir)asama, licfe mimflfe milaouoak pirlawakak

gikdak simcukf1simcukf, mikicut gfrfka sicadaf "atrfnt! &utak &)aerfr gak .mfr

&arf/uggfk akd gfoikal sakdat aktf /asfsmi mimflfe )alak milaouoak pirlawakak

gikdak diraoak cawae takae! -irciga gikdak &nioarkn gak Mne! Eatta akd licfemimflfe cioir)a sama gikdak Jipakd!

"utira :)iktir n! "in.lis trikdte?&icuae nrdakfsasf duka mimncflfsasf pikguguo gf pulau Jawa gfgfrfoak paga culak

Marit 3796! 4mpat sirakdoaf akd mimfmpfk nrdakfsasf "usat ikada Saoat tirsicut

agalae &nioarkn, Mne! Eatta, Of Ea)ar $iwaktara gak Ofaf Ea)f Maksur! &atu taeukoimugfak, "utira oimugfak cirucae mik)agf Jawa Enonoaf ("irsatuak Oicaotfak Jawa!

Snmusea :!fnrbig B lacnrir?

6@


36/68

Jipakd mimcutueoak sumcir gaa alam sioalfdus sumcir gaa makusfa! "imirfktae

-alatiktara Jipakd mikdefmpuk Hsirgagu1sirgagu ionknmfH, tirutama para pitakf akd

gfamcfl garf gisa mirioa gf Jawa gak gfpiroir)aoak sicadaf curue gf maka puk pfeaopimirfktaeak pikguguoak Jipakd mimcutueoak! Milfcatoak sioftar 8??!???@???!???

nrakd, cakao akd tfgao gapat gfoitimuoak galam oiagaak efgup paga aoefr "irakd

$ukfa FF!

f.lnmab% akg $flftar% fk atfnkal Sivnlutfnk

aeap tiraoefr pir)uakdak oimirgioaak Fkgnkisfa mulaf gikdak mikiraeka Jipakdgalam culak .dustus 379@ gak cirlakdsukd sampaf pikdaouak oigaulatak nlie -ilakga

galam culak $isimcir 3797! "ir)uakdak gf pusat gflakbaroak gfua /rnkt, gfplnfmasf gak

mflftir akpa gfplnmasf, para pi)uakd tfgao aoak mikakd, aoak titapf takpa para pi)uakd,

gfplnmat1gfplnmat tfgao mimpukaf suara akd miaofkoak!

atfnkal il! itirmfkatfnk

$notrfk akd mimpnstulatoak sioilnmpno masaraoat akd mikdakddap gfrf mirioa

tipfsae gak circiga oilnmpno masaraoat lafkka uktuo mikiktuoak kidara mirioacirkaukd sirta pimirfktaeak akd silaras gikdak aspfrasf mirioa! $aeulu gnotrfkf fkf

gfdukaoak uktuo milipasoak gfrf garf bikdoiramak onlnkfalfsmi, titapf giwasa fkfgfpaoaf uktuo mimfsaeoak gfrf garf sicuae kidara akd cigfrfka tilae gfsipaoatf

cirsama!

Hrnkt atfnkal fk $ala%sfa-arfsak Kasfnkal tirgfrf garf 0MK;, MB. gak MFB! Oitfda nrdakfsasf nrdakfsasf

tirsicut miwaoflf aspfrasf warda Milalu, Bfka gak Fkgfa! Mirioa mikgnmfkasf oursf gf

"arlimik Malasfa siefkdda oursf pirgaka miktirf gfpidakd mirioa! ukou.cgurrabemak, ukou Sa5ao, Eussifk ;kk, Maeatefr Mueammag gak .cgullae

-agawf! &ioarakd -arfsak Kasfnkal mikgapat taktakdak!

Sabfal )nk!lfbt fk $ala%sfa

Onk/lfo akd cirkuasa rasfal tir)agf gf Malasfa paga takddal 36 Mif 37:6! Oi)agfak fkf

mik)ilasoak aga masalae mikakdout eucukdak aktar ras gf kidirf multf rasfal simabamMalasfa! "rnclim ionknmf mirupaoak tftfo orusfal galam eucukdak akktara ras gf

kidirf )frak ftu!

&fkdapnri siparati /rnm Malasfa=igrasf Malasfa tirgfrf garf Malaa, &irawao, &acae, &fkdapura gak -rukif! Oirusueak

rasfal 36 Mif 37:6 mimcirf fkspfrasf warda itkfs Bfka uktuo mimfsaeoak gfrf garf

=igirasf Milasfa! &fkdpura oimugfak milipasoak gfrf garf =igirasf Malasfa (A.dustus 37:@ gak cirgaulat sicadaf Sipuclfo &fkdapura!

0rukif si.arati !rnm $ala%sfa=igirasf Malasfa tirgfrf garf Malasfa, &irawao, &acae, &fkdapnri gak -rukif &umcir

gaa alam akd milfmpae mimcuat -rukif licfe cirpfofr uktuo mikgfrfoak kidirf

sikgfrf oitfmcakd cirdacukd galam =igirasf Malasfa! -rukif akd )umlae wardaka

tircflakd eaka ratusak rfcu nrakd mikfomatf oimaomurak!

6:


37/68

mase $ala%sfa

Onk/rnktasf Fkgnkisfa1Malasfa 37:637::! &nioarkn mikdakddap cirgfrfka =igirasf

Malasfa sicadaf Fmpirfalfsmi Fkddrfs! $f 0tara aga Malasfa gak gf &ilatak aga.ustralfa! 0ktuo mikdncaroak simakdat aktf1Malasfa gfbfptaoak ladu patrfntfo gikdak

)ugul H'akakd MalasfaH!

flimma $ila%u

-uou akd gftulfs nlie Maeatfr Mueammag sicilum mik)agf pirgaka miktirf Malasfa

Mik)ilasoak caewa nrakd Milau palfkd cawae galam gukfa ionknmf gfcakgfkdoakgikdak nrakd Bfka gak Fkgfa! -uou flimma $ila%u tirsicut gflarakd tircft nlie

pimirfktae Malasfa oarika gfakddap cirkuasa rasfal!

+arm!ul /utsfgir fk $ala%sfa"ulueak taeuk akd lalu nrakd Fkgnkisfa mikbarf oir)a gf Malasfa! "ikbarf oir)a gf

kidirf )frak tirsicut aga akd lidal gak fllidal itapf pikbarf oir)a )umlae akd maofk

cakao tirkata mikgatakdoak masalae1masalae snsfal siefkdda pimirfktae Malasfa

mimcatasf )umlae pikbarf oir)a gf saka! "ikbarf oir)a gf saka oimugfak gfsicutpikgatakd earam!

&fpagak akg *fdftak Basi

$alam pita cumf Fkgnkisfa, &fpagak gak *fdftak mik)agf cadfak Fkgnkisfa! itapf

oikataak Malasfa mikddukaoak timpat tirsicut uktuo oipitfkdak ionknmf! "irtfoafakmasalae pircatasak oimugfak gfsilisafoak gf tfkdoat Maeoamae Fktirkasfnkal akd

ciraga gf $ik Eaad! $arf 3A eaofm Maeoamae Fktirkasfnkal eaka satu1satuka eaofm

nrakd Fkgnkisfa akd mikguoukd &fpagak gak *fdftak mik)agf cadfak garf Fkgnkisfa!

Amcalat )asi

.mcalat gf *aut &ulwisf akd oaa sumcir gaa alam! Fkgnkisfa gak Malasfa salfkd

mikdolafm .mcalat sicadaf cadfak garf kidaraka!, siefkdda mimpukaf eaomikdiosplnrasf mfkao gf saka! itapf Fkgnkisfa gikdak sfdap mikduasaf pulau tirsicut

gikdak darfs catas akd maka mik)agf wflaae KOSF!

)ulturi )n.% Sfdet akg &kgnkisfa virsus $ala%sfa

Ofta caru tiroi)ut saat euru1eara catfo akd gfoacaroak gfaoufsfsf Malasfa, sirta

oisikfak rind akd gfwartaoak gfaouf kidirf Jfrak ftu, cirfout cicirapa ladu gairae!

Oitirsfkddukdak onliotf/ mukbul tfca1tfca! "ikdeardaak paga oara cugaa kidirf ftumiruao cadaf iu/nrfa! "irsnalak Haou mikdaouf prnguo sikf1cugaa ftu sicadaf sicuae

wflaae akd sirumpukH mukdofk sa)a tir)agf! .sfmflasf cugaa tfgao tirefkgaroak! Eal

akd piktfkd pirlfkgukdak agalae gata gasar! Jagf ofta earus puka gata gasar mikdikafoea5akae cugaa tragfsfnkal galam ciktuo apapuk garf suou cakdsa makapuk!

7ira-aak Abie arussalam*icfe garf 33 acag akd lalu gf .bie tilae cirgfrf oira)aak1oira)aak Fslam sipirtf

"iurilao, "asaf, &amugra "asaf, gak .bie $arussalam! Malaeak oira)aak .bie

$arussalam mirupaoak oira)aak akd palfkd luas pikdarueka gf cawae oipimfmpfkak

6A


38/68

&ultak Fsoakgar Muga (3:?AG3:6:! >flaaeka milfputf silurue "aktaf -arat &umatra

gak sipak)akd &ilat Malaoa!

(0 vak +iut akg Abie

-ulak Mif 3

mimflfof fginlndf oimirgioaak!

/usfgir akg &ksfgir fk Abie "rnclim

Vakd gfrasaoak masaraoat .bie cuoak sa)a pirfmcakdak oiuakdak pusat gak gairae

akd ourakd agfl, titapf )uda oitfmpakdak atau oipfkbakdak snsfal ionknmf gf aktaraoilnmpno pikgatakd akd mikdiosplnftasf oioaaak alam .bie gikdak pikguguo aslf

.bie !sikgfrf! irgapat oisik)akdak snsfal akd amat ta)am aktara mirioa akd tfkddal

gf onmplios fkgustrf1fkgustrf cisar gikdak pikguguo .bie gf sioftarka!

/.iratfnk $flftar% Wirrftnr% :1656B1665?

"aga taeuk 37


39/68

raoat .bie! .ga gisa akd tfkddal eaka )akga1)akga sa)a, oarika suamf mirioa tilae

mikfkddal gukfa aofcat onk/lfo .bie!

&r#akgf usu!, "in.li )enfbi akg Abie 2nvirknr

irpflfeka Frwakgf Vusu/ sicadaf 'ucirkur Kaddnri .bie $arussalam sicadaf pflfeak

raoat, akd pirkae mik)agf )uru cfbara 'iraoak .bie Mirgioa, mikuk)uooak caewaraoat .bie tfgao pirbaa paga Jaoarta! Mirioa licfe pirbaa paga 'iraoak .bie

Mirgioa (gulu!

iviln.mikt n! Wirrftnr% "rnclim fk Abie "rnvfkbi

.ga oifkdfkak uktuo mimcuat tfda prnpfksf gf .bie! "rnpfksf Kakdnri .bie

$arussalam, .bie *iusir .ktara gak .bie -arat $aa, titapf ducirkur Kakddnri .bie

$arusslam ciroiciratak gikdak agaka pikamcaeak )umlae prnpfksf!gf wflaae &iramcfMioae!

Snukg Wacli )nk!irikbi akg Tist &rfak i.arati !rnk S&

Oitfoa "irsitu)uak OM- gftakgatakdakf paga 8A $isimcir 3797, risfgik -ilakga gfFrfak -aratL Jak #ak 4ibebenukg, mimprnolamasfoak pimfsaeak Frfak -arat garf SF&! Fkf

cirartf -ilakga, paga earf akd sama, tilae milakddar pirsitu)uak OM- akd mikdaturpikilisafak Frfak -arat sitaeuk sitilae pirsitu)uak tirsicut gftakgatakdakf!

igirlakg fiu# 2ufkiaOitfoa "rnolamasf Oimirgioaak Frfak -arat titap takae )a)aeak! $imfofak pula oitfoa

"irkdaouak Oigaulatak! Mikurut Onksftusf Kidirf -ilakga (37@7 Frfak -arat titap

mik)agf cadfak garf Kidirf -ilakga! Kama fcuonta Frfak -arat agalae Enlakgfa!

Wei 0idfkkir n! "a.ua Hrii $nvimikt

-ikturak aktara pikguguo aslf Frfak -arat gikdak pimirfktae Fkgnkisfa sugae gfmulaf

paga takddal 8: Julf 37:@! Oala ftu, sioilnmpno nrakd garf suou .r/ao mikirakd caraopasuoak -atalnk A@3 (-rawf)aa gf Maknowarf, akd mikiwasoak tfda nrakd garf

-atalnk A@3! &imik)ao oi)agfak pikirakdak tirsicut, mukbul diraoak1diraoak

oimirgioaak "apua akd oimugfak nlie puclfo gfoikal gikdak kama ;rdakfsasf "apuaMirgioa gikdak tu)uak oimirgioaak "apua!

Wei 2ikisfs n! Hrii "a.ua /rdakftatfnk

4mcrfn garf ;rdakfsasf "apua Mirgioa agalae diraoak pirlawakak suou .mukdmitireagap pimirfktaeak pusat oarika oicf)aoak pimirfktae akd mikdf5fkoak " =riipnrt

Fkgnkisfa uktuo milaouoak iosplnrasf gak iosplnftasf gf Frfak Jaa ("apua! 'iraoak

pirlawakak fkf mirupaoak sicuae mfsf akd gfgasaroak paga imnsf oiadamaak uktuomimcakdoftoak oi)aaak masa lampau!

8A akg "a.ua &ktidratfnk.mirfoa &irfoat mirupaoak salae satu pfeao akd cir)asa galam fktidrasf "apua oi

Fkgnkisfa gf taeuk 37:?1ak oarika .mirfoa &irfoat tilae sibara aotf/ cirpirak sicadaf

pfeao oitfda galam pikilisafak masalae "apua akd gfpiricutoak nlie -ilakga gak

Fkgnkisfa!

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40/68

Abt n! Hrri )enfbi

"ikiktuak "ikgapat Saoat akd gflaosakaoak nlie SF paga culak .dustus 37:7! &uara

$iwak Musawarae "ipira akd cirakddntaoak 3!?@8 nrakd akd miwaoflf


41/68

Asfa! "aga saat ftu oimikakdak onmukfs gf oawasak Fkgnbefka mikularoak oioeawatfrak

cirlaouka Htinrf gnmfknH cadf kidara1kidara titakdda .sfa ikddara!

0fll umcir 4 iar 164C

&itilae $iolarasf -alfcn, Jnffkt =abt =fkgfkd Mfssfnk Fkgnkisfa mikilfgfof aspfrasf

raoat fmnr fmur! $fkataoak caewa $iolarasf -alfcn sukddue1sukddue laefr garf eatfkurakf masaraoat lnoal! Milaluf 00 Kn A aeuk 37A: gfkataoak fmnr fmur agalae

cadfak garf oigaulatak Fkgnkisfa gak mik)agf prnpfksf oi 8A!

akta )ru A!!afrs

iktara Fkgnkisfa mikimcaof nrakd1nrakd akd ciroifkdfkak miku)u oi "imaoamak

&akta Bru5 paga takddal 38 Kn#imcir 3773! Oirumukak nrakd tirsicut fkdfk

militaooak oarakdak cukda paga maoam &icastn 'nmis akd tirtimcao nlie tiktaragua mfkddu sicilumka! Oi)agfak akd gfpirofraoak mikiwasoak sigfoftka 3


42/68

'fbtnr%, Lnst akg Iast Wfmnr

Oimikakdak akd gftukddu1tukddu oilnmpno prn oimirgioaak akd silama 86 taeuk

masa fktidrasf fmnr umurGFkgnkisfa tfgao pirkae surut pir)uakdakka, sicuaeoirudfak cisar cadf Fkgnkisfa, mikdfkdat oicirsamaak fmnr fmurGFkgnkisfa silama

fkf tilae gfcaar maeal! irbatat caewa pimcakdukak akd gf)alakoak pimirfktae

Fkgnkisfa gf fmur *isti silama 86 taeuk mikbapaf 8?? mflfarg rupfae pir taeuk!$ikdak pikgapatak aslf gairae eaka 3? mflfar pir taeuk!

tartfkd "nfkt akg Isbalatfnk )nk!lfbt fk AmcnkFksfgik takddal 37 Jakuarf 3777, gapat gfsicut sicadaf tftfo awal cadf isoalasf onk/lfo gf

.mcnk, )uda Maluou! Oi)agfak cirmula garf piroilaeak aktara gua nrakd warda akd

oicitulak cirasal garf itkfo -udfs ciradama Fslam gak .mcnk ciradama Orsftik! Fksfgik

tirsicut oimugfak cirlak)ut mik)agf piroilaefak massal aktara warda oampukd -atuMirae .tas gikdak warda oampukd Margfoa! Masfkd1masfkd mikddukaoak siktfmik

adama uktuo mikddalakd guoukdak cadf onk/rnktasf /fsfo aktaroilnmpno tirsicut!

/utsfgir, &ksfgir akg )nk!lfbt fk $nllubak"aga saat militus onk/lfo, oilnmpno itkfs pikgatakd akd tirgfrf garf itkfs -udfs, -utnk,

Maoasar, Jawa sirta fnkdena mik)agf sasarak oicikbfak gak oioirasaak! fdaoilnmpno itkfo akd gfsicutoak pirtama, akd oimugfak gfsicut gikdak --M,

mirupaoak oilnmpno akd mik)agf sasarak utama! .ofcat onk/lfo, ratusak rfcu itkfo

pikgatakd akd tilae lama mikitap gak efgup gf Maluou earus mikfkddaloak Maluouuktuo mikdukdsf!

)ausi )nk!lfbt Habtnr fk $nllubak

Misofpuk gfmiksf adama sakdat miknk)nl, onklfo Maluou mirupaoak onk/lfo akdsakdat onmplios, gfmaka circadaf /aotnr salfkd cirfktidrasf gak puka pnrsf masfkd1

masfkd galam mikdncaroak onk/lfo! fgao aga /aotnr tukddal akd cfsa gfpirsalaeoak

sicadaf pikulut onk/lfo!

2rnu.fkd fk )nlnkfal Ira

"imirfktae onlnkfal )uda mikbfptaoak struotur snsfal akd mimciktuo pnla sidridasfwflaae, aokf fktiraosf gak struotur masaraoat cirgasaroak adama! Masfkd1masfkd

irgapat pimuofmak Orfstik akd eaka gfeukf nlie pikguguo Orfstik, sicalfoka )uda

tirgapat pimuofmak Muslfm oeusus uktuo pikguguo akd ciradama Fslam! .ofcatka

aga pimfsaeak gak pikdilnmpnoak akd kata aktara pikguguo ciradama Fslam gakOrfstik!

"ila 2akgnkd"ila mirupaoak pnla eucukdak aktara oampukd1oampukd Fslam gak Orfstik akd

gfgasarf paga pir)ak)fak uktuo titap efgup cirgampfkdak sibara gamaf gak tfgao salfkd

mikirakd! &imiktara ftu, 'akgnkd agalae eucukdak snsfal akd gamaf atas garar foatakgarae sicadaf nrakd Maluou! ragfsf "ila 'akgnkd paga gasarka tfgao mirupaoak

rispnk oultural raoat .mcnk tireagap oitirpflaeak snsfal1oultural sibara oisilurueak

(akd masa onlnkfalfsmi -ilakga tfgao mimflfof iktftas snsfal1oultural akd pagu,

itapf "ila 'akgnkd tfgao cir/ukdsf galam mikdatasf onk/lfo gf Maluou!

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43/68

&giktft% akg "nsftfnk fk "n#ir :$nllubak?

Fkgiktftas oiadamaak gak itkfo silalu mik)agf /aotnr akd palfkd miknk)nl gfpireatfoakgalam sitfap pikimpatak pnsfsf!"aga sitfap pikdakdoatak pi)acat gf suatu fkstaksf

mfsalka, pirtakaak akd mukbul agalae cirasal garf itkfo apa pi)acat tirsicut, apa

adamaka gak cadafmaka onmpnsfsf itkfo gak adama gf fksftusf tirsicut! Eal fkf sibarafmplfsft mikuk)uooak cidftu ouatka tarfo mikarfo oipiktfkdak garf masfkd1masfkd

adama gak oilnmpno itkfo!

Lasar (feag fk $nllubak )nk!lfbt

Oilnmpno Muslfm gf luar Maluou gfcawae Ja/ar 0mar ealfc mikataoak )feag oi

Maluou uktuo mimcila kasfc oaum Muslfm! Misofpuk sibara rismf pimirfktae

milarakd *asoar Jfeag uktuo masuo Maluou, kamuk mirioa cireasfl pirdf oi Maluoupaga culak Mif 8???, Mirioa oimugfak cirdacukd gikdak oilnmpno Muslfm gf .mcnk

uktuo milawak oilnmpno Orfstik!

uara $aluu akg Sig;Tefti Wirftnr%Oaktnr Earfak &uara Maluou ciraga gf gairae Orfstik Oitfoa onk/lfo militus, earfak

uara $aluutirpibae mik)agf gua earfak akd ciroaktnr gf gairae Orfstik gak Muslfm("utfe! Oarawak Muslfm tfgao mukdofk masuo oi gairae Orfstik! .ofcatka oigua

earfak tirsicut mikuaraoak aspfrasf masfkd1masfkd oilnmpno!

$flftar%, "nlfbi akg $nllubak )nk!lfbt.parat oiamakak galam tara/ tirtiktu gfakddap turut cirpirak galam mimpikdaruef

gfkamfoa onk/lfo gf Maluou! .parat mflftir bikgirukd cirsfmpatf oipaga oilnmpno

Muslfm gak aparat oipnlfsfak licfe bnkgnkd oi oilnmpno Orfstik! .ofcatka, aparatakd siearuska mirigam onk/lfo )ustru turut tirpnlfrfsasf galam onk/lfo!

ilarasf $alfkn &&$iolarasf tirsicut mirupaoak oisipaoatak akd mikdfoat tfda pfeao, aftu "feao Orfstik

Maluou, "feao Fslam Maluou, gak "imirfktae "usat! irgapat 33 oisipaoatak akd

tirtuakd galam $iolarasf Malfkn tirsicut, akd tirpiktfkd agalae pikdeiktfakpirmusueak aktara pfeao1pfeao akd cirtfoaf sirta rieacflftasf onrcak oioirasak

sibipatka nlie pimirfktae! $irfta akd tfgao tirpirfoak aofcat onk/lfo tilae mimcuat

raoat )ira gak mikgamcaoak pirgamafak akd si)atf!

Wei 0fd Werii Itekfb fk Tist 0nrkin

.ga tfda oilnmpno cisar gf Oalfmaktak -arat! "irtama $aao (93 I, Milau (63 I

gak fnkdena (38 I gak itkfs lafkka akd tirgfrf garf Jawa, Milau gak fnkdena laeakd cnlie gfoataoak sicadaf pikguguo aslf gf Oalfmaktak -arat!, oarika mirioa licfe

gulu mikdeukf Oalfmaktak -arat &i)ao gaeulu mirioa mimakd mikdolafm gfrf sicadaf

pikguguo aslf!

a%a Itekfb akg 0nrgirliss

&uou $aao gf Oalfmaktak tfgao mikdikal catas kidara! Mirioa mikdaou gf Malasfa

maupuk Fkgnkisfa, mirioa masfe satu suou cakdsa! Vakd mimfsaeoak mirioa tfgao lafk

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agalae /aotnr pik)a)aeak, efkdda mirioa tirpibae cilae! Mfsalka nrakd Fcak, "ukak,

-aeau, 0ut $akuk akd aga gf Oalcar, Oaltfm, Oaltikd gak Oalsil cireucukdak irat

gikdak nrakd Fcak, "ukak, -aeau, 0ut gf Malasfa! $aao agalae fstflae onliotf/tireagap sioftar 9?@ oilnmpno itknlfkdufstfo akd mikgfamf pulau -nrkin!

"nlftfb n! )lnsi ASA &ssui fk Tist 0nrkin"ilfoka masalae suou, adama, ras gak aktar1dnlnkdak (&.S., oeususka gf

Oalfmaktak -arat, oarika silama fkf ruakd gfsousf siputar &.S. gftutup rapat nlie

pimirfktae ;rgi -aru gak .-SF! .of

Kisi-kisi Nasionalisme

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