vi

KELAINAN PATOLOGIS AKIBAT IMPAKSI MOLAR KETIGA

MANDIBULAR ANGULASI HORIZONTAL DAN MESIOANGULAR

DENGAN PENGAMATAN RADIOGRAFIK PANORAMIK

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Gigi molar ketiga rahang bawah adalah gigi yang paling sering mengalami

impaksi karena kurangnya tempat untuk erupsi. Gigi impaksi memiliki pengaruh pada jaringan di

sekitarnya dan dapat mengakibatkan kelainan patologis.Kelainan patologis tersebut akan

menyebabkan keparahan selama gigi yang mengalami impaksi tidak dilakukan pencabutan atau

ekstraksi. Pengaruh gigi impaksi tersebut mengakibatkan berbagai keluhan antara lain nyeri, karies

perikoronitis, resorbsi akar gigi yang berdekatan, kista dentigerous hingga tumor odontogen.

Impaksi gigi molar tiga mandibular dan kelainan patologis yang menyertai dapaat diamati dengan

radiografi kedokteran gigi yaitu menggunakan radiografi panoramik. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui

kelainan patologis yang menyertai impaksi molar tiga mandibular angulasi horizontal dan

mesioangular dengan pengamatan radiografik panoramik. Material&Metode: Pada penelitian ini

menggunakan radiograf panoramik, terdiri dari 53 sampel radiograf yang diamati berdasarkan

angulasi mesioangular dan horizontal impaksi gigi molar tiga mandibular dan kelainan patologis

yang ditimbulkan. Hasil data diolah dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan friedman test dan Chi-

square test. Hasil: Pada impaksi dengan angulasi mesioangular didapatkan bone loss pada

interalveolar molar ketiga dan molar kedua mandibular sebanyak 33,3%, karies pada molar dua

mandibular dan resorpsi akar molar dua mandibular mempunyai besar presentase yang sama sebesar

26,7% dan karies pada impaksi molar ketiga mandibular sebesar 13,3%. Pada angulasi horizontal

bone loss pada interalveolar molar ketiga dan molar kedua mandibular sebesar 59,1%, karies pada

molar dua mandibular sebanyak 22,7%, karies pada impaksi molar ketiga mandibular dan resorpsi

akar molar dua mandibular sebesar 9,1%. Kesimpulan: Kelainan patologis yang paling sering

terjadi pada impaksi gigi molar ketiga mandibular angulasi mesioangular dan horizontal yaitu bone

loss pada interalveolar molar ketiga dan molar kedua mandibular.

Kata kunci: impaksi molar tiga, angulasi mesioangular, angulasi horizontal, kelainan patologis

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SKRIPSI KELAINAN PATOLOGIS AKIBAT... MEIDY DAMAYANTI

vii

PATHOLOGICAL ABNORMALITIES CAUSED BY IMPACTED

MANDIBULAR THIRD MOLAR WITH HORIZONTAL AND

MESIOANGULAR ANGULATION OBSERVED BY PANORAMIC

RADIOGRAPHS

ABSTRACT

Background: The lower third molar teeth are the most commonly impacted teeth due to a lack of

place for eruption. Impacted teeth have an effect on the surrounding tissue and can lead to

pathological abnormalities. These pathological abnormalities will cause severity as long as the

impacted teeth are not removed or extracted. The effect of impacted teeth results in various

complaints such as pain, caries, pericoronitis, adjacent tooth root resorption, dentigerous cysts and

odontogenous tumors. Impacted of mandibular third molars and associated pathological

abnormalities observed with dental radiography using panoramic radiography. .Purpose: To

determine the pathological abnormalities that accompany molar impaction of horizontal and

mesioangular angular mandibula with panoramic radiographic observation. Material&Methods:

In this study, using the panoramic radiograph, consisting of 53 samples of radiographs were

evaluated based on the mesioangular and horizontal angulation of mandibular impacted third

molars and pathology abnormalities caused. The data were processed and analyzed by using

friedman test and Chi-square test. Result: In impaction with mesioangular angulation, bone loss at

the interalveolar between third molar and mandibular second molars by 33.3%, the caries on the

mandibular second molars and mandibular second molar’s root resorption had a similar

percentage by 26.7% and caries in mandibular third molar impaction amounted to 13.3%. In

impaction with horizontal angulation bone loss at interalveolar third molar and mandibular second

molar by 59.1%, mandibular second molars of caries were 22.7%, caries in mandibular third molar

impaction and mandibular second molar root resorption by 9.1%. Conclusions: The most common

pathological abnormalities in mandibular third molar impaction of mesioangular and horizontal

angulation are bone loss in the interalveolar third molar and the mandibular second molar.

Keywords: third molar impaction, mesioangular angulation, horizontal angulation, pathological

abnormalities

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SKRIPSI KELAINAN PATOLOGIS AKIBAT... MEIDY DAMAYANTI