kapita terakhir

download kapita terakhir

of 31

Transcript of kapita terakhir

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    1/31

    Peran Engineering

    Dalam Industri Gas

    Kuliah Kapita Selekta

    T. Kimia - Universitas Indonesia

    5 Mei 2011

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    2/31

    AGENDA

    1. Introduction Migas Industry2. Business Development & Project Phases

    3. Bisnis Gas Pertamina

    4. Engineerings Role

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    3/31

    IntroductionDaniel S. Purba

    VP Engineering & Project

    Gas, PT Pertamina (Persero)

    Office:

    Oil Centre Building 8th Floor

    Jl. MH Thamrin No. 55 Jakarta 10350

    Experiences:

    GM of LNG Sales , PT Pertamina (Persero) 2007

    GM of LNG Market Development, PT Pertamina (Persero) 2008

    VP Proc, Sales & Market Analysis, ISC, PT Pertamina (Persero) 2009

    VP Engineering & Project, Gas, PT Pertamina (Persero) - 2011

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    4/31

    Introduction

    Major Segment of Oil and Gas Industry:

    1. Upstream Activities

    Exploration and production of oil and natural gas

    2. Midstream Activities

    Transportation, storage and trading of crude oil, refined product and naturalgas

    3. Downstream Activities

    Refining and Marketing Crude Oil

    Local distribution companies

    Participants:1. Majors Integrated Oil and Gas company; involved in every aspect of integrated

    business

    2. Pure play companies in various area

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    5/31

    Corporation, Business, Investment & Projects

    Corporation, line of businessesManufacturing & Production

    Trading, Sales, Distribution, Retail Services

    Corporation, stages of businesses Starting-up new business

    Existing, on-going business

    Growth, expanding and extending business

    Closing-out, liquidation of business

    Corporation, structure of business A going concern, profit oriented, continuously looking for growth and capital gain,

    continuously looking for new businesses

    A project company, operating company, non-profit, limited or no growth objectives, no

    capital gain, not allowed to seek new business.

    A SPV (Special Purposes Vehicle), paper company, investment portfolio company,establish to isolate liabilities, arm length of a going concern companies

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    6/31

    A Growing Concern Company

    Must Survive & Grow

    Even to survive, maintain current business, a going concern

    company must continuously invest

    o Promotion campaign, loyalty programo Facilities renovation, rejuvenation, up grading

    oReplace obsolete equipment, software and systems

    To grow, a going concern company almost always need to investo Exception: wind fall, fiscal & monetary up side

    o Invest for growth: start-up new business, construct new production facilities, orestablish new point of sales and point of services, or deploy new system

    Corporation, Business, Investment & Projects

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    7/31

    Project Development

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    8/31

    Project Development

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    9/31

    Project Development

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    10/31

    Project Processes

    The 5 Project Processes

    Initiation Process

    Planning Process

    Execution Process Controlling Process

    Close Out Process

    Sources: PMI, A Guide to PM_BOK, 1996

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    11/31

    Project PhasesProject Phases Is Unique and Different for Every Industry

    Typical Engineering Construction Project Phases (Per Morris),

    Pertamina/Refinery Projects Fall Into This Category: Stage I FEASIBILITY

    Stage II - PLANNING & DESIGN (FEED)

    Stage III - PRODUCTION or EXECUTION (EPC)

    Stage IV - TURNOVER and START UP

    Typical Engineering Manufacturing Project Phases, Such As New Airplane

    Project (Per US DOD 5000.2 - 1993): Stage I - Concept Exploration and Definition

    Stage II - Demonstration and Validation (Prototyping)

    Stage III - Engineering and Manufacturing Development

    Stage IV - Production and Deployment

    Stage V - Operation and Support

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    12/31

    Business DevProject Phases

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    13/31

    PERTAMINA CURRENT GAS BUSINESS SCHEME

    GAS

    PRODUCER

    Industry City Gas

    Power Plant

    LNG PLANT

    Import LPG

    PSCs LPG

    Upstream

    LNG Business

    Pertagas

    LNG FSRU

    Refinery

    Dit. M&T Gas Dom

    PIPELINE GAS

    Midstream

    PrivateCompanies

    Dit. Hulu

    Downstream

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    14/31

    KURVA TRANSFORMASI FUNGSI GAS, PERTAMINA

    Lima tahun kedua: Memantapkan integrasi bisnis gas, dan

    usaha terkait lainnya dari sektor hulusampai hilir di domestik.

    Penguasaan sektor hulu bisnis LNGmelalui akusisi Mahakam, farm-in dilapangan Deep Water, Semai, Masela,dan CBM, serta penguasaan bisnis miniLNG untuk Indonesia Bagian Timur.

    Komersialisasi lapangan gas Natuna D-Alpha

    Memantapkan leadership gasPertamina sebagai regional player AsiaTenggara dan Asia Pasifik.

    Pengembangan bisnis power Memantapkanfondasi untuk berperan

    dalam bisnis gas internasional.

    Lima tahun pertama: Optimasi dan memberikan

    value added pada seluruhmata rantai bisnis gas, yang

    meliputi produksi gas, produksiLNG, marketing & trading gas,receiving & regasifikasi LNG,transportasigas, serta potensibisnis gas lainnya.

    MengamankanposisiPertamina sebagai penjualLNG Indonesia dalam bisnisLNG internasional, serta

    menjadi leader dalam bisnisgas domestik dan usaha terkaitlainnya.

    Mengembangkan danmempererat jaringan danhubungan bisnis denganexisting dan potential partners.

    Inisiasi bisnis power.

    Lima tahun ketiga: Memantapkan posisi Pertamina

    dalam bisnis gas dan powerinternasional.

    Mengembangkanportofoliobisnis gas internasional.

    Mengembangkan potensi bisnisderivatif gas.E

    volus

    iNOC

    Phase 1: Membangun pondasi

    Phase 2: Membangunkesempurnaan operasi(operational excellence)

    Phase 3: Go internationalsebagai operator

    2013 2018 20232011 Typicaltime

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    15/31

    INTEGRATED GAS BUSINESS PERTAMINA

    LNG PLANTLNG FSRUGAS

    PRODUCER

    Industry City Gas

    Power Plant

    RETAIL GASCNG TRUCK

    PIPELINE GAS

    UPSTREAM MIDSTREAM (FUNGSI GAS) DOWNSTREAM

    Pelaku Usaha Fungsi & Lingkup Kerja Pelaku Usaha

    PT PEP

    PT PHE:

    Domestik Internasional

    Others:

    Domestik

    Internasional

    a.Penguasaan bisnis gas Indonesia di bawah leadership

    Pertamina dengan menjalankankegiatan operasional existing

    sebagai penjual LNG Indonesia, dan monetisasi resources

    hulu (conventional & unconventional) untuk mendapatkan

    harga gas yang optimal melalui opsi skema-skema yang

    tersedia, antara lain: LNG, LPG, CNG, GTL, DME, gas pipa,

    listrik, dll, untuk memaksimalkanstakeholders value,

    khususnya Pertamina Korporat, dengan mensinergikan

    kegiatan bisnis hulu dan hilir.

    b.Mensinergikanpara pelakuusaha gas Pertamina, termasuk

    pengembangan SDM-nya, agar dapat memberikan service

    ke anak perusahaan ataupun ke perusahaan lain.

    c.Sebagai vehicle korporasi untuk ikut serta mendukung

    pencapaian target energy mix di bidang gas guna

    memaksimalkan pemakaian gas di dalam negeri melalui

    perundang-undangan, maupun kegiatan investasi.

    d.Pemanfaatan peluang usaha melalui kegiatan trading.

    PT Arun:

    Pencairan gas (LNG)

    Satelit dan Regasifikasi (LNG dan LPG), serta IPP (future)

    PT Badak:

    Pencairan gas konvensional

    Pencairan CBM (future)

    Satelit dan Regasifikasi (LNG dan LPG), serta IPP (future)

    LNG service company (future)

    PT Nusantara Regas

    MembeliLNG, regasifikasi LNG, dan menjual gas ke PLN,

    dll

    PT Donggi Senoro LNG

    Membeligas, mencairkan gas menjadi LNG, menjual LNG

    PT Pertamina Gasa.Bisnis transportasi gas.

    b.Bisnis penjualan bulk gaske power plant, industri, dan city

    gas.

    c.Bisnis IPP, LNG for Vehicle, CNG (future)

    Pertamina Energy Trading Limited (Petral)

    Trading LNG, LPG, dll

    GasDom,

    Dir. M&T

    Sebagai front

    linerdi bidang

    retail gas dan

    produk gas

    lainnya.

    PLN

    Industri

    Pupuk

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    16/31

    Indonesian gas

    demand poised for

    strong growth

    Demand is expected to double by 2020, growing at 6-8% p.a.; Driven by gas based power plants, Industry and Fertilizer Java will be a critical market, accounting for ~65% of the growth The cost of alternate fuels for power and industry is significantly higher than current

    gas prices

    However, growth

    constrained by

    pricing &

    infrastructure

    Lack of critical transmission and distribution infrastructure preventing supply fromKalimantan & Sulawesi to Java

    Low upstream gas prices preventing development of higher cost upstream assetsand infrastructure development

    Significant margins in midstream & downstream make integrated value chaineconomics attractive

    Pertamina shouldbecome Integrated

    value chaindeveloper

    Pertamina should control critical transmission infrastructure to improve margins and helpdevelopment of upstream gas assets Lead development of critical T&D infrastructure-1 FSRU, additional Regas facility

    (TBD), East West Jawa pipeline & CNG network Help capture improved margins across value chain

    Implementation

    needs focused

    organization &

    partnerships

    Need a focused business unit to take an integrated, commercially oriented view of gasbusiness

    Develop partnerships to bridge skills gaps & accelerate execution Develop a robust implementation plan with key milestones, responsibilities assigned

    which can be monitored to ensure successful execution

    GAS BUSINESS CHALLENGES

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    17/31

    Indonesian domestic gas demand is expected to grow

    significantly (6- 8% p.a.) until 2020

    Total domestic gas demand (excluding gas demand for export, LNG plants and re-injectionfor oil production)1

    Demand forecast range

    1 Historical actual data aligned for different sources2 High scenario could potentially be higher by ~300 Mmscfd if additional planned PLN capacity to replace Bojonegara is instal led

    Mmscf/d

    82

    CAGR 2008-20PercentForecastActual

    Demand growthdriven by Strong growth in

    new gas fired

    power andsubstituting oilbased plants(8-10% pa)

    Industry demandannual growthbetween (5-7%pa)

    Gas demand by

    fertilizer to grow(by 5-6% pa)

    6

    Forecast for Indonesiangas demand 6.0-8.0%

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    18/3118

    Bulk of this demand and projected growth is expected

    in Java (~65%)

    1 Energy Balance 2008 by Ministry of Energy and Mining Resources2 Sector level assumption of gas demand used to split total Indonesian demand over regions

    2008 Actualsgas demand

    Forecasted gasdemand

    % Gas demandgrowth, CAGR

    SOURCE: FACTS; BPPT; PLN; PGN: Pertamina; team analysis

    Gas demand by region 2008-2020

    Mmscf/d

    Kalimantan

    ~350~700

    ~6% p.a.

    Forecast2020

    Forecast2015

    ~570

    Actuals20081,2

    Sulawesi

    ~50

    Actuals20081,2

    ~100

    Forecast2020

    ~6% p.a.

    Forecast2015

    ~90

    Sumatra

    ~450

    ~6% p.a.

    Forecast2020

    ~920~770

    Forecast2015

    Actuals20081,2

    Java

    ~3,000

    Actuals20081,2

    Projected2015

    ~1,200

    ~9% p.a.

    Projected2020

    ~3,400

    Most of gas demands are locatedin Java, far from the resources Gas transportation infrastructurehave to be developed for the supplydemand integration

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    19/31

    Location : LuwukCapacity : 2 MTPA

    Project Owner : Fungsi Gas PERTAMINA

    Main Consumer: Japan, Korea

    Location : Jakarta Bay

    Capacity : 3 MTPA (400 MSCFD)Project Owner : Fungsi Gas PERTAMINA - JV Co

    Main Consumer: PLNs power plants

    (Tanjung Priok&Muara Karang)

    Location : TanjungM as, Semarang

    Capacity : 3 MTPA (400 MMSCFD)

    Project Owner : Fungsi Gas PERTAMINA

    Main Consumer: PLNs power plants

    (Semarang)

    Arun Receiving Terminal

    Location : Arun

    Capacity : 320 mmscfd

    Project Owner : PNA

    Main Consumer: PIM, PLNs power plants,

    Aceh Industrial

    Location (tahap I): Balikpapan, Samarinda,

    Pesanggaran, Kendari

    Capacity : 0.7 MTPA

    Project Owner : Joint Venture Company

    (JV Co), PNA dan PLN

    Main Consumer: PLNs power plants

    PERTAMINA EMERGING GAS PROJECTS

    Independent Power Provider

    Location : Lhokseumawe, Aceh

    Project Owner : Pertamina-PDPAOn-stream Target : 2011

    Future Potential Projects1. Utilization of Arun LNG Facility for

    LPG Trading, Condensate Cracking,O&M Yard

    2. Utilization of Bontang LNG Facilityfor mix scheme business (CBMliquefaction), IPP, LNG/LPG Trading,O&M Yard

    3. CNG Network4. City Gas

    5. Mini LNG Plant6. Monetization of Masela Gas Field7. Monetization of Natuna

    8. PT Badak / PT Arun LNG

    independent service company

    9. Others

    Java Trans Pipeline

    Location : Java IslandProject Owner : Pertamina

    On-stream Target : 2013-2015

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    20/31

    Engineerings Role

    1. Business Development Phase

    2. Project Phase

    Project Planning & Design Phase Pre-FEED Activities FEED Bid Processes FEED

    Pre-FEED Activitieso Objective: to Prepare Adequate Data and Information to Be Ready for the FEED

    Bidding Processeso Environmental Base Line Datao Site Selection (for Grassroots)

    o Land Right Acquisition (for Grassroots)o Site Survey (for Grassroots)o Conceptual Design Work (for Grassroots & Some Brownroot Project)o Technology Selectiono Major Equipment and Process System Selection

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    21/31

    Engineerings Role

    Front End Engineering Design (FEED)

    Project Management Establishment FEED Work Plant (for Main EPC Contract) Infrastructures (Housing Community, Airport)AMDAL Studies Community Development Studies Sales & Market Confirmation

    FEED Work Deliverables

    FEED, Product & Capacity Specifications Document Management & Numbering System

    FEED Work Breakdown Structures

    Deliverables Review & Approval System

    Applicable Codes & Standards

    Project Design Philosophies

    Project Specifications

    Studies & Simulations

    PFD & P&ID Instrumentation Function Diagram

    Material Selection Diagram

    Plot Plan & Layout

    Isometrics & Cable Routings

    Equipment Data Sheets

    Piping Bill of Materials

    Information System Design Construction Planning

    Approved Manufacturers List

    Value Engineering

    Post FEED Activities FEED Contract Close Out ReportAudit Findings Handling and Settlement

    FEED Post Audit Close Out Report

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    22/31

    Engineerings Role

    Project Execution Phase

    Pre-EPC Activities EPC

    Pre-EPC Activities EPC Condition Precedence

    Agreements

    Sales (Off take) Agreement Feedstock Supply Agreement Financing Agreement Transportation Agreement Early Procurement Activities EPC Bid Processes

    Engineering Management in EPC Engineering WBS and Deliverables Planning Engineering Progress Measurement Technical Review of Contractors Engineering

    Work Procurement WBS and Deliverables Planning Procurement Progress MeasurementApproval of Bidder List (Not Always)

    Approval of Contractor Bid Tabulation (Selected)Approval of Vendor Documents (Selected) Interface With Logistic and Gov. AuthoritiesApproval of FAT Result for Critical Items QC of Construction WorkApproval of Plant Performance TestApproval of Warranty Period Inspection Result

    Punch List and Deficiency Items Resolution Project Documents Transfer to OperatingCompany

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    23/31

    Engineering Deliverables in EPC

    Equipment Mechanical Drawings

    Procurement Specifications

    Technical Specifications Spare parts Specifications

    Commercial Terms & Conditions

    Government Inspection & Certification

    Requirement

    Documentation & Manual Requirement

    Shipping Instructions Vendor Support Requirement

    Vendor Training Requirement

    Approved Bidder List

    Bid Clarification & Revision

    Vendor Selection

    Fabrication Drawings

    Shop Fabrication ProceduresWelding Specification & Qualification

    Shop QA/QC Procedures

    FAT Procedures

    Pre-shipment & Shipment Procedures

    Installation Drawing &

    Procedures

    Field Inspection & Test

    Procedures

    Equipment Certification & Calibration

    Tie In Procedures Cleaning & Blowing Procedures Equipment Solo Run Test Procedures Circuit Function Test Procedures System Test Procedures Operating & Maintenance Manual Plant Operation Worthiness Permits (SKPI)

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    24/31

    Engineerings Role

    Procurement ActivitiesVendor List

    Bidders List

    Procurement Specification

    Expediting Plan

    Fabrication Specification

    Factory Acceptance

    Shipping Tracking

    Custom Clearance

    Construction Management Construction Planning

    Construction Resources Material Planning

    Labor & Manpower Planning

    Construction Safety Management

    Pioneer Facilities Planning

    Construction Shops Planning & Specifications

    Light & Heavy Equipment Specifications

    Rigging Procedures

    Construction Training Facilities Specifications

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    25/31

    Engineerings Role

    Turn Over & Start UpMechanical Completion

    Commissioning & Start Up

    Project Support for Operating Company

    Establishment

    Operational AcceptanceWarranty Inspection

    Dispute & Deficiency Resolution

    Final Acceptance

    Project Audit Program

    Project Close Out

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    26/31

    Engineerings Role

    Project Control Control Philosophy

    Project Control Cycle

    Activities Planning & ScheduleManagement

    Budget & Cost Management

    Quality Planning & Control

    Risk Identification & Control

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    27/31

    Project Organization

    Typical Project Organization forInitial Portion of Definition Phase

    PROJECT MANAGER

    Engineering

    Design CriteriaMaterial/Equipment Availability

    Major Contractor EvaluationCost EstimatesSite SelectionScope DefinitionEnvironmental requirement

    Project Control

    Project Control SystemsCost Control, Analysis and

    Reporting ProceduresManpower Planning/SurveysCost EstimatesMajor Contractor Selection

    Administration

    AFE documentation requirementsAccounting procedures

    Tax requirementsOrganizational planningStandard form contractMajor Contractor evaluation

    Operation Reps.

    Process inputDesign review

    Maintenance review

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    28/31

    Typical Project Organization for

    Design and Construction Phase

    ENGINEERINGDesign EngineeringProcess EngineeringProject EngineeringEnvironmental Eng.Safety EngineeringPlanning & SchedulingMaterial & Equip. Std.Quality AssuranceShop InspectionCost EngineeringProject Reporting

    Project ControlPlanningSchedulingCost EstimatingCost & Schedule

    control proceduresCost & Schedule

    controlBudgetingProject Reporting

    ConstructionConstruction Eng.Planning & SchedulingField Cost ControlCost EngineeringContract ManagementMaterial ManagementLogisticsSafety ManagementQuality ControlProject Reporting

    AdministrationProject Wide Internal

    controlAccountingFinancial ReportingFiscal BudgetingContract Administr.Office ServicesGeneral Administr.

    Operation RepsStart Up trainingOperating procedures

    SafetyOperability reviewMaintenance Planning

    CorporatePublic AffairsInternal Audit

    InsuranceTaxLegalLabor Relation

    Oper. CompanyTechnical SupportEmployee Relation

    Labor RelationsHealth & Safety

    Inspector

    Procurement

    PROJECT MANAGER

    Project Organization

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    29/31

    Typical Owner's FEED Team Organization

    Contract Adm.

    Cost/Sched.

    Project Control Mgr.

    Marine

    Vendor Pre-Qual.

    Infrastructures

    EPC Package

    Project Engr.

    Process

    Rotating Eq.

    Mechanical

    Control/IT

    Electrical

    Civil

    Discipline Engr.

    System

    Facilities

    Doc. Control

    Resident Engr.

    Engineering Mgr.

    EHS

    Operation

    Construction

    QA

    Design Audit

    Project Manager

    Project Organization

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    30/31

    30

    ProjectManager

    Project ControlMgr.

    Contract Adm.

    Cost/Sched.

    Doc. Control

    EngineeringMgr.

    System Eng.

    Facilities Eng.

    SHE

    QA/QC

    RFO

    IT/Telecom

    Project Engr.

    ConstructionMgr.

    Plant

    LNG Trains

    Offsites

    Field Eng.

    Infrastructures

    Harbour

    Community

    Airport

    Services Mgr.

    HRD

    Accounting

    Logistic

    Typical Owner's EPC Team Organization

    Project Organization

  • 8/6/2019 kapita terakhir

    31/31