Intermodal system mbu
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Transcript of Intermodal system mbu
Intermodal SystemMateri Pelajaran
Manajemen Bandar Udara
Oleh :
Safrudin Kurniawan, S.Kom, M.Sc.
Tujuan Instruksional Khusus :
Peserta Diklat Manajemen Bandar Udara dapat merencanakan dan mengembangkan sistem transportasi antarmoda/multimoda di Bandara masing – masing sehingga tercipta keterpaduan pelayanan dan keterpaduan prasarana transportasi yang efektif dan efisien.
Outline
Definition of Transport
Mode of Transportasi
Modal Choise
Public Transport Vs Private Transport
Future Transport
Unimodal, Intramodal, Intermodal and Multimodal
Sistranas
Cetak Biru Transportasi Antarmoda/Multimoda Nasional
Studi Kasus
Kesimpulan
The Sisyphus Analogy in Transportation
Distan
ce
Friction
Volume
Effor
t
∟
What is transportation ?
• Transport or transportation is the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another.
Different Representations of Distance
A B
A B
TransshipmentPickup Delivery
TransshipmentPickup Delivery
Order
Inventory ManagementUnpacking
Order ProcessingPackingScheduling
SortingWarehousing
Euclidean Distance
Transport Distance
A B
Mode 1 Mode 2
Logistical Distance
Mode 1 Mode 2
Key Dimensions of Transportation
Dimension
Historical Changes brought by transport technologies. Rise of civilizations (e.g. Egypt, Rome and China). Development of modern nation states. Globalization.
Economic Transport and economic development (indirectly and directly). Factor in the production and added-value of goods and services. Facilitates economies of scale. Influences land (real estate) value. Contributes to the specialization of regions.
Social Access to healthcare, welfare, and cultural events. Shape social interactions.
Political Nation building and national unity. National defense (Roman empire, American road network). Rules and regulations. Mobility often subsidized (e.g. public transit or highways).
Environmental Important environmental impacts. Pollution, exploitation of natural resources.
Core Components of Transportation
Modes•Conveyances (vehicles) used to move passengers or freight.•Mobile elements of transportation.
Infrastructures•Physical support of transport modes, such as routes and terminals.•Fixed elements of transportation.
Networks•System of linked locations (nodes).•Functional and spatial organization of transportation.
Flows•Movements of people, freight and information over their network.•Flows have origins, intermediary locations and destinations.
Mode of Transportation
Road Transportation• Private transport• For-hire transport• Public Transport
Rail Transportaion
Pipeline
Air Transportation
Maritime Transportation• Light-Heavy cargo handling• Passenger services• Recreational boating• Ferry services• Rural-urban transport services
Factors affecting mode choice
•Social•Economy
User Characteristi
c
•Purpose•Distance•Time, duration
Travel Characteristi
cs
•Mode of transport availability
Transport System
Condition
Distance, Modal Choice and Transport Costs
Distance
Tran
sp
ort
costs
per
un
it Road
Rail Maritime
D1 D2
C1 C2
C3
Main Passenger Modal Options
Copyright © 1998-2014, Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue, Dept. of Global Studies & Geography, Hofstra University. For personal or classroom use ONLY. This material (including graphics) is not public domain and cannot be published, in whole or in part, in ANY form (printed or electronic) and on any media without consent. This includes conference presentations. Permission MUST be requested prior to use.
Air
Scheduled
Charter
Car
Taxi
Van/Bus
Road
Intercity
HSR
Subway
Commuter
LRT
Monorail
RailMariti
me
Ferry
Cruise
Transit
Bicycle
Walking
Motorcycle
RoRo
High Speed
Main Freight Modal Options
Copyright © 1998-2014, Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue, Dept. of Global Studies & Geography, Hofstra University. For personal or classroom use ONLY. This material (including graphics) is not public domain and cannot be published, in whole or in part, in ANY form (printed or electronic) and on any media without consent. This includes conference presentations. Permission MUST be requested prior to use.
Air
Package
Heavy
Package
Less than Truckload
(LTL)
Truck
Dry Van
Tank
Flatbed
Curtainside
Reefer
Hopper
Open Top
Unit Train
Carload
Boxcar
Tank Car
Flat Car
Reefer
Hopper
Gondola
RailMariti
me
Break-bulk
Liquid Bulk
RoRo
Dry Bulk
ISO Contain
erReefer
Flatrack
Pipeline
Pipeline
Oil
Gas
Water
Tank
Inland / Coastal
Tow
River/sea
Tank bargeDeck bargeHopper barge
Container Contai
ner
Chassis
Intermodal
Freighter
Bellyhold
Truckload (TL)
TOFC
Domestic
Transportation and the Mobility of Passengers and Freight
Sh
are
of to
tal p
assen
gers
or to
ns-k
m
Distance
Passengers
CommutingShoppingRecreation
BusinessTourism
Migration
Waste disposalLocal distribution
TradeEnergy & Raw Materials
Commodity / Supply ChainsFreight
Operational Differences between Passengers and Freight Transportation
Board, get off and transfer without assistance.
Process information and act on it without assistance.Make choices between
transport modes without assistance but often
irrationally.Require travel
accommodations related to comfort and safety.
Must be loaded, unloaded and transferred.
Information must be processed through logistics
managers.Logistics managers meet
choices between transport modes rationally.
Require limited travel accommodations.
Passengers Freight
Performance Comparison for Selected Freight Modes
Barge
Hopper car
100 car train unit
Semi-trailer truck
1500 Tons / 50-100 TEU52,500 Bushels453,600 Gallons
100 Tons / 4 to 5.3 TEU3,500 Bushels30,240 Gallons
10,000 Tons / 400 to 530 TEU350,000 Bushels3,024,000 Gallons
26 Tons / 2.65 TEU910 Bushels7,865 Gallons9,000 for a tanker truck
57.7 (865 for 15 bargesin tow)18 to 40 (intermodal)
2.0 (intermodal) to 3.8
385
1
Panamax containership5,000 TEU 2,116
VLCC
300,000 tons2 million barrels of oil
747-400F
100-125 tons(Depending on freightdensity and range)
9,330
5
Capacity Truck EquivalencyVehicle
Doublestackrail car
100 car intermodal train
Congestion
How long you go to Airport by Car ?And how long you go to another City by Plane ?
Fuel Consumption Comparison
Modes Fuel Consumtion (Kcal/pnp-km)
Private car 580
Airplane 394
Ferry 295
Bus 247
Train 100
Carbon Emision
Modes of transportation
CO2 (Gram/pnp-km)
Private Car 45
Airplane 30
Ferry 24
Bus 19
LRT 9
Train 5
Subway/MRT 3
Comparison of the Relative Efficiencies of Rail and Trucking in the United StatesMode Fuel
ConsumptionInfrastructure Capacity
Costs Safety
Railroad 455 ton-miles per gallon
216 million tons per mainline per year
2.7 cents per ton-mile
0.61 fatalities per billion ton-miles; 12.4 incidents per billion ton-miles
Trucking 105 ton-miles per gallon
37.8 million tons per lane per year
5.0 cents per ton-mile
1.45 fatalities per billion ton-miles; 36.4 incidents per billion ton-miles
Copyright © 1998-2014, Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue, Dept. of Global Studies & Geography, Hofstra University. For personal or classroom use ONLY. This material (including graphics) is not public domain and cannot be published, in whole or in part, in ANY form (printed or electronic) and on any media without consent. This includes conference presentations. Permission MUST be requested prior to use.
Compare : Bus, Bicycle, Car
Cars Vs LRT
Future Transportation
• Reduce using private car will revitalize other modes.
• Many modes >> many options >> prograss indicator.
• Many modes will encourage competition, Synergy: need a CONCEPT
• Consumer orientation NOT producer orentation.• Environmentally friendly and energy saving.
Definition
Unimodal Transportation
• Carriage of goods by only one mode of transport (road, rail, sea-inland waterways, air, pipeline).
Intramodal Transportation
• The movements of passengers or freight within the same mode of transport.
Intermodal Transportation
• The movements of passengers or freight from one mode of transport to another, commonly taking place at a terminal specifically designed for such a purpose.
Multimodal Transportation
• The transportation of goods under a single contract, but performed with at least two different means of transport; the carrier is liable (in a legal sense) for the entire carriage, even though it is performed by several different modes of transport (by rail, sea and road, for example).
Intermodal Transportation as an Integrative Force
AC
D
F
E
B
AC
D
F
E
B
Rail
Road
Transshipment
Transshipment
Intermodal Integrated NetworkUnimodal Point-to-Point Network
Intermodal Transport Chain
Composition
Transfer
Interchange
DecompositionLocal / Regional Distribution
National / International Distribution
Transport Terminal
‘First mile’
‘Last mile’
Intermodal Sytem Element
Copyright © 1998-2014, Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue, Dept. of Global Studies & Geography, Hofstra University. For personal or classroom use ONLY. This material (including graphics) is not public domain and cannot be published, in whole or in part, in ANY form (printed or electronic) and on any media without consent. This includes conference presentations. Permission MUST be requested prior to use.
Intermodal Transportation Combination
• Roadway – Railway• Roadway – Waterway (sea, river)• Roadway – Air Transportation• Roadway – Railway – Air Transportation• Railway – Waterway• Railway – Air Transportation
Consideration in Transfer Point
Design of facilities and equipment
Schedule coordination
Unified Ticketing
Real time reliable travel information
Sistem Transportasi Nasional
• Effective• Effisien
Sistranas
• Jaringan Pelayanan
• Jaringan Prasarana
• Service Provider
Transportasi
Antarmoda
Multinoda
• Single Operator
• Single document
• Single Tariff
• Single Ticket
Single seamle
s service
Komponen angkutan umum antarmoda/multimoda
• Moda penghubung (connecting modes)• Moda utama (main modes)• Jaringan antarmoda (intermodal network)• Transfer Point• Intermodal Transfer Point• Peraturan
Stasiun Kertapati telah terkoneksi dengan Bus Air dan Trans Musi
Example of Intermodal Connection for an Airline Passanger
Cetak Biru Transportasi Antarmoda/Multimoda Nasional
Permasalahan :
• Kualitas badan usaha angkutan multimoda nasional masih belum sebaik dinegara lain, hal ini disebabkan pernbinaan dan mutu SDM yang belum baik.
• Kurang lancarnya arus barang yang mengakibatkan ekonomi biaya tinggi khususnya pada simpul transportasi seperti di pelabuhan dan bandar udara tertentu.
• Mobilitas orang khususnya pada sirnpul perkotaan metropolitan masih rendah disebabkan antara lain masih kurangnya manajemen antar dan intra moda.
• Masih rendahnya arus barang dan mobilitas orang di sebagian wilayah Indonesia, khususnya pada daerah tertinggal yang disebabkan kurangnya jaringan transportasi antar moda
Cetak Biru Transportasi Antarmoda/Multimoda Nasional
•Visi transportasi antarrnoda/rnultirnoda tahun 2030 adalah -Arus Barang dan Mobilitas Orang Efektif dan Efisien.Visi
•Mewujudkan kelancaran arus barang.•Mewujudkan kelancaran rnobilitas orang.Misi
•Menekan Iarnanya waktu pelayanan pada simpuI moda transportasi.•Menurunkan biaya pelayanan transportasi pada sirnpul moda transportasi.•Meningkatkan kelancaran arus barang dan rnobilitas orang pada kota metropolitan.•Meningkatkan aksesibilitas rnasyarakat dari dan ke daerah tertinggal.
Tujuan
Strategi Pengembangan Antarmoda/Multimoda di Bandara
Meningkatkan kinerja pelayanan kargo pada 14 bandar udara yang menangani sebagian besar (96%) arus kargo, dengan cara :
• Optimasi dengan kegiatan berupa peningkatan manajemen pergudangan.
• Pengembangan dan pembangunan fasilitas terminal untuk kargo• Peningkatan aksesibilitas ke bandara kargo
Pengembangan dan pembangunan fasilitas terminal untuk kargo :
• Pengembangan city check in dan port of origin bagi kargo ekspor dan port destination bagi kargo impor.
• Perencanaan, perancangan dan pembangunan terminal kargo baru.• Perencanaan, perancangan dan pembangunan cargo consolidation
dan cargo distribution.• Pengadaan alat bongkar muat containerized cargo.• lnstalasi peralatan cargo weighting terintegrasi dengan x-ray kargo,
history image dan record weighting.• Instalasi system handling kargo bandara dengan Unit Load Devices
(ULD).• Pengadaan dan pengoperasian trucking system.• Perencanaan, perancangan dan pembangunan dry port sebagai
fasilitas inland customs and quarantee clearance dan penyelesaian administrasi ekspor/impor one stop.
• Instalasi/pengadaan sistem roler dan freighter.• Pengembangan dan instalasi sistem Electronic Data Interchange (EDI).• Pengadaan dan instalasi cold storage.
Peningkatan aksesibilitas ke bandara kargo :
Perencanaan, perancangan dan pembangunan jalur kereta api menuju bandara.
Penataan/peningkatan aksesibilitas dari dan ke cargo area.
Perencanaan, perancangan dan pembangunan jalan tol dari dan ke bandar udara.
Perencanaan, perancangan dan pembangunan jalan layang akses ke bandar udara.
Studi Kasus : Antarmoda/Multimoda Bandara Adi Sutjipto Yogyakarta
Bandara Adi
Sutjipto
Trans Jogja
KA Pramex
Damri
Batik Solo Trans
Bandara Adi
Sumarmo
Studi Kasus : Antarmoda/Multimoda Kota Palembang
Bandara SMB II
Bus Air
Trans Musi
Stasiun Kertapa
ti
Feeder
Studi Kasus Antarmoda/Multimoda Bandara di Jerman (1992)
Airport Type of Service Link
Berlin Local and Main Line service
Bremen Local Tram
Dusseldorf Local and Lufthansa Service
Frankfurt Local and Main Line and Lufthansa service
Munich Local Service
Intermodality is a central success factor at Frankfurt Airport:
Antar Moda di Frankfurt Airport
Long-distance train station: - 174 high-speed long-distance trains per day (2013)- 5.600.000 passengers per year (2013)
Regional train station: - 223 commuter and regional trains per day (2013)- 294,000 passengers per month (2013)- travel time to downtown Frankfurt: 15 minutes
Road: -direct access to the intersection of Germany's most important autobahns, the A5 (north/south) and the A3 (east/west)
Parking: - 28,500 car parking facilities
Bus terminal: - 240 bus stops per day in local and regional public transportation
Antar Moda di Frankfurt Airport
KESIMPULANAgar transportasi antarmoda sukses harus mendapat dukungan dari semua stake holder.Untuk mencapai hal tersebut sistem harus dilihat sebagai bagian dari Sistem Transportasi Nasional demi mewujudkan transportasi yang efektif dan efisien.Transportasi antarmoda di bandara akan sukses jika didukung juga oleh jaringan transportasi massal di wilayah tersebut.Jika transportasi antarmoda dianggap sebagai saingan bukan sebagai pelengkap maka tidak akan bisa berkembang.Kersama yang lebih besar antara transportasi udara dengan transportasi antarmoda dapat memberikan pilihan untuk mengatasi kemacetan baik di darat maupun diudara.
Kepentingan Umum Harus(nya) diatas Kepentingan Pribadi
THANK YOU | TERIMA KASIH