GDS1- K8 - Hormon Dan Faktor Pertumbuhan Pada Tumbuh Kembang (Biokimia)

7/25/2019 GDS1- K8 - Hormon Dan Faktor Pertumbuhan Pada Tumbuh Kembang (Biokimia)

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HORMONPERTUMBUHAN

DANPERKEMBANGANBiokimia FK USU


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Hormon Pertumbuhan,

Diferensiasi, ReprodusiGH, !G"# meran$san$ pertumbuhan

%inier dan pro%iferasi se%u%er

EG","G", EDR", PDG"# fator pertumbuhan da%am&arin$an, men$antarai pertumbuhan se% spesifi

'teroids se( hormon# testoteron pada pria dan

estro$en pada )anitapematan$an or$an

reprodusi dan pertumbuhan se( sunder


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Hormon Pertumbuhan,

Diferensiasi, Reprodusi

Thyroid hormone: re$u%ator pertumbuhan dan

peremban$an &arin$anG%u*o*oti*oid# peremban$an sistem or$an

pada fetus den$an meanisme be%um &e%as

T'H # pertumbuhan e%en&ar endorin th+roid

ATH# se% adrena% -H, "'H# o.arium, testis


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GROWTH HORMONE


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GROWTH HORMONE

A%so *a%%ed 'omatotropinPo%+peptide made up of /0/ amino

a*ids, BM 1/2344 Synthesis, storage & release: Lat. Anterior Pituitary (somatotrof

Anterior Pituitar+5Long arm chromosone 17Long arm chromosone 17


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P%asma %e.e%, Bindin$, Metabo%ism

Hydrophillic

GH bindin$ protein 6GHBP5# binds GH inp%asma prote*tin$ from de$redation2 Metabo%ism taes p%a*e in %i.er# /71t# 8914min


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GH : MO-EU-AR AT!ON Binds to re*eptor :member of *+toine

re*eptor superfami%+#

Dimeri;ation of re*eptor %eads to A*ti.ation and 3'TAT proteins are trans*ription fa*tors


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GH : MO-EU-AR AT!ON

Enter nu*%eus to DNA and %ead to $ene

trans*ription2 A*ti.ation of !R'/, !G"/ and others

GH re*eptor indu*ed b+ insu%in and

estro$en and repressed b+ fastin$


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E""ET'

Ma&or effe*t# stimu%ation of post9nata%

$ro)th and de.e%opmentA%so has a ro%e in re$u%ation of

metabo%ism and bod+ *omposition in

adu%ts


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!ndire*t Anabo%i* Effe*ts

?ors b+ stimu%atin$ produ*tion of an

insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1;somatomedin C in the %i.er

!G"9/ stimu%ates protein s+nthesis

6in*rease mus*%e mass, de*reasedmus*%e breado)n, et*5


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!"#$"% &!'#"I

'timu%ates protein s+nthesis2

Promotes maturation of ner.ous s+stem2

!mportant re$u%ator in tissue $ro)th andde.e%opment2

Mediates the se*retion of GH and

somatomedins


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$echanism of &h)roid !ormone

*ction T@passes into *+top%asm and is

*on.erted to T>2

Re*eptor proteins %o*ated innu*%eus2 T>binds to %i$and9bindin$

domain2 Other ha%f9site is .itamin A

deri.ati.e 609*is9retinoi*5 a*id2 DNA9bindin$ domain *an

then bind to the ha%f9site of

the HRE2 T)o partners *an bind to the

DNA to a*ti.ate HRE2 'timu%ate trans*ription of

$enes2


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GROWTH FACTOR

!G", EG", PDG", "G", et*

E(tra*e%%u%er si$na% mo%e*u%es-ar$e .ariet+

er+ %o) *on*entration

6/4E90 : /4E9// M5


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INSULIN LIKE GROWTH FACTORS

IGF I6somatomedin95 C4 AA

IGF II (somatomedin9A5 8C AA

'tru*ture# homo%o$ insu%inHa.e A and B *hains *onne*ted b+

disu%fide bonds2

The *onne*tin$ 9peptideDifferen*es in fun*tions and effe*ts )ith

insu%in


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IGF-I

The human IGF-I $ene is %o*ated

on the %on$ arm of *hromosome /1

GH appears to be the primar+re$u%ator of IGF-I $ene trans*ription

!mportant for both feta% and

postnata% $ro)th2


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MO-EU-AR AT!ON

!G"9! re*eptor simi%ar to !R

Has intrinsi* t+rosine inase a*ti.it+

: %ie insu%in re*eptorRe*eptor are dimer

!G" 9! bindin$ to re*eptor

*as*ade of phosphor+%ations%eadin$ to su**ession of a*ti.ations,%eadin$ to end effe*t on or$an


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Efe GH dan !G"


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IGF -II

mRNA found in %i.er, *arti%a$e andothers

"ound in trophob%ast *e%%s andenhan*es p%a*enta% $ro)thThe human IGF-II $ene is %o*ated

on the short arm of *hromosome //

Re*eptor is a monomerIn excess can stimulate insulin

recetor and cause hyo!lycemia


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EGF

Po%+peptide,/14C9amino9a*id

Membrane re*eptor $%+*oprotein2

Re*eptor# monomer, intrinsi*

t+rosine inase a*ti.it+

T+rosine inase:mediated

autophosphor+%ation


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EG"


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MO-EU-AR AT!ON

EG" binds re*eptor

Re*eptor dimeri;es

Protein inase intra*e%%u%ar domain

phosphor+%ates sites on its dimeri*

partner 6transphosphor+%ation5

Phosphor+%ate t+rosines


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e%%u%ar "un*tions

e%% pro%iferation

'timu%ates pro%iferation of man+ *e%%

t+pesDifferentiation

Keratini;ation of the epidermis

maturation of feta% pu%monar+epithe%ium


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Ph+sio%o$i*a% "un*tions

?ound hea%in$

ornea% epithe%ium

Neonata% $ro)th and de.e%opment: Promotes e+e%id openin$ and

tooth eruption

: Mammar+ $%and de.e%opmentDe.e%opment of adu%t tissues

: 'perm de.e%opment


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*ndrogens and +strogens

Produ*ed in $onads 6o.aries, testes5

and adrena% $%ands, in pubert+

?i%% fuse epiph+sis and stop %inear$ro)th

Ear%ier pubert+ in )omen *ontributes

to their shorter stature


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*ndrogens

Primari%+ DHEA 6dih+droepiandrosterone5

on.erted to estro$ens, testosterone in

tissues

'e*ondar+ se( *hara*teristi*s

!n )omen# DHEA stimu%ates $ro)th in

ado%es*en*e, e2$2 mus*%e, bone

!mportant durin$ feta% period and durin$menopause


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Estro$en

Durin$ pubert+# 1 se(

*hara*teristi*sPromotes $ro)th of uterus

'tabi%i;es b%ood *e%%s in sin

Bone stren$th


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Embr+oni* 'e(ua% De.e%opment

Indifferent gonads

Testes Ovaries

TDF No TDF

Mullerian Duct

Wolffian duct

Other embryonicstructures

Testosterone MIF No testosterone

No MIF

Degenerates Uterus, fallopiantubes

Epididymis, vas

deferens

Degenerates

Prostate, penis,scrotum

agina, labia,clitoris

MIF No MIF

testosteroneNo

testosterone

DHT No

DHT


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,itamin *

,itamin * is chemicall)

considered a sugrou. of the

/#etinoids0Identified as a fat-solule factor

for Cellular differentiation and

mor.hogenesis 6embr+oni*de.e%opment5


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MO-EU-AR AT!ON

#etinoic acids are trans.orted on C#*B2 orother retinoid-inding .roteins to thenucleus

Bound to one or more of the 3 retinoic acidrece.tors #*# and #4#2 &he #*# and #4# rece.tor form /dimers0 B) #*#-#4# dimeri5ation .ermits

interaction with s.ecific nucleotide

se6uences of nuclear %* #egulate gene transcri.tion

with the .otential to affect a 7ariet) ofod) .roteins


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MO-EU-AR AT!ON

GDS1- K8 - Hormon Dan Faktor Pertumbuhan Pada Tumbuh Kembang (Biokimia)

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Transcript of GDS1- K8 - Hormon Dan Faktor Pertumbuhan Pada Tumbuh Kembang (Biokimia)