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Hyaknspmraom

Puduok Rmajmiodorok

Umtmiof amapmiodorg Joj gkg sgswo

`gforoplok `opot

Amkdmioslok egrg!egrg tuajufok

hyaknspmraom

Amkhg`mktgcglosg strultur tujuf

tuajufok hyaknspmraom

Amkdmioslok tofopok rmprn`ulsg

tuajufok hyaknspmraom

Amkdmioslok Liosgcglosg hyaknspmraom

Amkdmioslok pmrokok hyaknspmraom

Rnlnl Jofosok4O+ Egrg!egrg tuajufok hyaknspmraomJ+ Utrultur tujuf tuajufok

hyaknspmraomE+ Zmprn`ulsg hyaknspmraom@+ Liosgcglosg hyaknspmraomM+ Rmrokok hyaknspmraom

Lmywnr`4

Utrnjgius Enkgcmrom Hgklhngkom Eyeo`gkom Hkmtgkom

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Upmraotnpfyto&Puajufok Jmrjgdg'

O+ Rmkhmrtgok UpmraotnpfytoUpmraotnpfyto amrupolok tuajufok jmrjgdg yokh amagiglg egrg utoao jmrupo jgdg yokh

jmrosoi `org joloi jgdg+ Puajufok jmrjgdg `gimkhlopg `mkhok jmrlos pmajuiuf okhlut xyima

`ok cinma+ Umpmrtg foikyo tuajufok polu) tuajufok jmrjgdg amrupolok tuajufok jmrlnraus

lormko su`of amagiglg olor) jotokh) `ok `ouk smdotg+

J+ Egrg!egrg UpmraotnpfytoUpmraotnpfyto amapukyog egrg oktoro iogk4

?'Aolrnslnpgs `mkhok lmtgkhhgok jmrvorgosg:'Jmktul tujufkyo jmrvorgosg5'Eoro fg`up cntnoutntrnc0'Fojgtotkyo lmjokyolok `g `orot topg o`o duho yokh amkhopukh `g ogr &tmrotog'='Amapukyog pmajuiuf cinma `ok xgima3'Zmprn`ulsg amioiug pmkymrjulok &pnigkosg' `ok pmajuofok &cmrtgigsosg'+

E+ Liosgcglosg UpmraotfnpfytoUpmraotfnpfyto `opot `gjohg amkdo`g : lmios) yogtu4

?+ Hyaknspmraom &Puajufok Jmrjgdg Pmrjulo'Puajufok Hyaknspmraom `gsmjut duho tuajufok jmrjgdg tmiokdokh) lormko joloi jgdgkyo

tg`ol `gjukhlus nimf `ouk juof+

Hoajor4Puajufok

HyaknspmraomUuajmr4 Rutro) :2??

Puajufok gkg amagiglg egrg!egrg 4

Olorkyo tukhhokh Jotokh iurus tmhol) jmreojokh `ok amagiglg loajgua

po`o jotokh smfgkhho `opot tuajuf amajmsor+

@ouk lmjokyolok lolu `ok smapgt) o`o yokhjmrjmktul dorua) agsoikyo po`o pgkus) o`o yokh smpmrtg

pgto jmrtuiokh `ouk smdodor) agsoikyo polgs fodg) `ok

o`o puio ohol imjor jmrtuiokh `ouk amkygrgp) agsoikyo

amigkdn+

Joloi jgdg tuajuf `g pmraulook `ouk juof&amhospnrncgi'

Amagiglg fojgtus smaol) pmr`u otou pnfnk+ Pg`ol amagiglg jukho smsukhhufkyo) spnrncgi tmrpgsof!

pgsof otou amajmktul strnjgius doktok `ok jmtgko+

]auakyo jmrlmioagk tukhhoi `gaokoamhospnrokhgua `ok aglrnspnrokhgua tmrpgsof sotu

soao iogk+

Rmkymrjulok `mkhok joktuok okhgk `ok dorol woltupmkymrjulok soapog pmajuofok rmiotgc pokdokh+

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@+ Zmprn`ulsg HyaknspmraomPuajufok jmrjgdg tmrjulo tg`ol

amagiglg jukho) smfgkhho nrhok

rmprn`ulsg po`o hyaknspmraom `gsmjutlnkus otou strnjgius+

Hoajor4 Utrnjgius

Uuajmr4 Zgyo`g &:2?:'

Upnrncgi tmrpgsof!pgsof amajmktul

srnjgius doktok `ok jmtgko+ Aolrnspnrncgi

`ok aolrnspnrokhgua yokh toapol

amkmapmi po`o strnjgius jmtgko+

Rmkymrjulok yokh tmrdo`g po`o

tuajufok jmrjgdg tmrjulo smioiu `mkhokeoro okmanhoag &pmkymrjulok `mkhok

joktuok okhgk'+ Umrjul sorg dotuf iokhsukh

po`o joloi jgdg+ Umiokh woltu oktoro

pmkymrjulok soapog pmajuofok rmiotgc

pokdokh+ Rmajuofok yokh tmrdo`g po`o

hyaknspmraom `gsmjut pmajuofok

tukhhoi &smtgop gktg hmkmrotgc amimjur

`mkhok gktg smi tmiur'+ Aglrncgi tmr`m`of lm

u`oro jmjos+ Rmajuofok po`o

hyaknspmraom `gsmjut pmajuofok

tukhhoi) lormko tgop!tgop gktg spmraoamajuofg sotu smi tmiur+

Hoajor4 Uglius Fg`up HyaknspmraomUuajmr4 Zosyg`o &:2?2'

Pofopokkyo 4

&?'Upnrncgt amkhfosgilok strnjgius doktok`ok jmtgko yokh tmr`opot `gsgsgl

strnjgius+

&:'Utrnjgius jmtgko amkdo`g hoamtncgtjmtgko `ok strnjgius doktok amkdo`g

hoamtncgt doktok

&5'Pmrdo`g prnsms cmrtgigsosg smfgkhhotmrjmktul zyhnt+

&0'Tyhnt amkdo`g majrgn yokhjmrlmajokh) smiokdutkyo olok amkdo`g

jgdg+&='Jgdg `gigk`ukhg nimf luigt jgdg `ok soyop)

jgdg yokh jmrsoyop tmrsmjut olok dotuf

lmtokof `mkhok joktuok okhgk smfgkhho

amkdo`g tuajufok joru+

Pr gel Uaort

Zntok , Znko 1 Tyhnt

Utrnjgius doktok Utrnjgius jmtgko Tghnt

IGFOP SG@Mn =

http://www.nurliazahara.com/2013/05/reproduksi-gymnospermae.htmlhttp://www.nurliazahara.com/2013/05/reproduksi-gymnospermae.htmlhttp://www.nurliazahara.com/2013/05/reproduksi-gymnospermae.html

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M+ Liosgcglosg Hyaknspmraomo+ EnkgcmromPuajufok enkgcmrom uaukyo amigputg smaol) pmr`u otou pnfnk yokh strnjgius jmrjmktul

lmrueut+ Joloi juof jmro`o po`o strnjgius jmtgko yokh amagiglg ulurok imjgf jmsor `orgpo`o

strnjgius doktok yokh amkhok`ukh smrjul sorg+ @ouk tuajufok lmios gkg uaukyo jmrjmktuldorua) nimf lormko gtu smrgkh `gsmjut tuajufok dorua+

Hoajor4 Dmkgs Enkgcmrom

Uuajmr4 Cgtrg &:2?5'

Nr`n4 OroueorgoimsNr`n gkg amagiglg `ouk spgroi yokh

lolu `ok uauakyo amrukegkh+ Amgiglgstrnjgius ukgsmlsuoi) strnjgius doktok

`mkhok jokyol aglrnspnrncgi `ok strnjgius

jmtgko jmrjmktul juiot+ Enktnf 4 Ohotfgs

oijo

Hoajor4Ohotfgs oijo

Uuajmr4 Jmkaor &:2?:'

Nr`n4 RgkoimsNr`n gkg amagiiglg

`ouk jmrjmktul dorua)

jmrlminanl otou amkymrupog

sgsgl+ Amagiglg entyim`nk

yokh jokyol `ok

pmkymrjulok tmrdo`g `mkhok

joktuok okhgk &okmanhoag'+

Enktnf4 Rgkus amrlusgg

Hoajor4Rgkus amrlusgg

Uuajmr4 Fokkgcgyof &:2?:'

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Nr`n4Rn`neorpoimsPuajufok po`o nr`n

gkg amagiglg `ouk yokh

tmrsusuk spgroi otoujmrsmigkh `ok

amkymrupog dorua+

Enktnf4 Rn`neorpus

gjrgeoto

Hoajor4Rn`neorpus spjmtgko `ok doktok

Uuajmr4 M`uenrnio &:227'

Nr`n4 EuprmssoimsPuajufok po`o nr`n gkg amagiglg `ouk

yokh tmrsusuk spgroi otou jmrsmigkh `ok

amkymrupog dorua+ Jgdg lmegi `ok tokpo

soyop+strnjgius doktok `ok jmtgko `oioa sotu

pnfnk) pmkymrjulok jgdg `mkhok joktuok

fmwok &znnlnrg'+ Enktnf4 Dukgpmrusenaaukgs `ok Euprmssus sp+

Hoajor4 Euprmssus sp+

Uuajmr4 M`uenrnio &:227'

j+ Hgklhngkom

Hoajor4 Utrnjgius Hgklhn jginjo+

Uuajmr4 Xoyok &:2?:'

Uoao foikyo `mkhok nr`n Eyeo`oims)

okhhnto Hgklhnoims duho tuajufok yokh

jmruaof `uo &`gemnus'+ Utrnjgius doktok `ok

strnjgius jmtgko `gfosgilok po`o gk`gvg`u

yokh jmriogkok+ Puajufok gkg amagiglg

tukos pokdokh `ok pmk`ml `mkhok `ouk!`ouk

jmrtokhlog pokdokh jmrjmktul lgpos `ok

jgosokyo amrokhhos po`o ausga huhur+

Lmios gkg fokyo amagiglg ? jokhso yogtu

hgklhnoims+ Enktnfkyo Hgklhn jginjo+

Hoajor4 Hgklhn jginjo+Uuajmr4 Xoyok &:2?:'

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e+ Eyeo`gkom

Hoajor4 Eyeos ruapfgg

Uuajmr4 Cgtrg &:2?5'

Anrcninhg tuajufok gkg sokhot agrgp

`mkhok tuajufok poima!poimaok jmrloyu)

tg`ol otou sm`glgt jmreojokh) amagiglg `oukaodmaul smpmrtg `ouk lmiopo yokh tmrsusuk

smjohog todul po`o jotokh yokh amaokdokh+

Okhhnto `org lmios gkg jmruaof `uo

&`gnmegnus') `g aoko strnjgius doktok `ok

strnjgius jmtgko `gfosgilok po`o gk`gvg`u

yokh jmriogkok+ Enktnf yokh aosgf o`o

soapog smlorokh o`oiof tokoaok polgs fodg

&Eyeos ruapfg' `ok enktnf iogk @gnk m`uim+

Hoajor4@gnk m`uimUuajmr4 wglgpm`go &:2?5'

`+ HkmtgkomPuajufok `org lmios

gkg jmrloyu `mkhok

jotokh jmreojokh otou

tg`ol+ Jmrlmioagk tukhhoi

&anknemnus') aodmaul

tmr`opot `oioa lmtgol`ouk yokh jmsor+

Rajuofok tmrdo`g po`o

juiuf smrjul sorg+

Hoajor4 Hkmtua hkmank Uuajmr4 Cgtrg &:2?5'

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Nr`n `ok Enktnf Upmegms Hkmtgkom

Nr`n4 Mpfm`roims)

Upmegms4Mpfm`ro oitgssgao

Nr`n4 Xmiwgtsefgoims)

Upmegms4 Xmiwgtsefgoims

agrojgigs

Nr`n4 Hkmtoims) Upmegms4

Hkmtua hkmank

Uuajmr4 Ufmks &:2??' Uuajmr4 Pfmn &:2?5' Uuajmr4 @nluamk prgjo`g

:+ Aokcoot HyaknspmraomO`ojmjmropo aokcoot hyaknspmraom yogtu4

Kn Dmkgs Puajufok Aokcoot

? Rgkus amrlusgg

`ok Ohotfgs sp

gk`ustrg lmrtos `ok

lnrml opg

: Rgkus amrlusgg)Mpfm`ro `ok

Dukgpmrus

njot!njotok

5 Amigkdn &Hkmtua

hkmank'

]ktul Aolokok

0 Pfudo sp)

Euprmssus sp)

Oroueorgo sp

Pokoaok Fgos

@g` Wnu Lknw

Rostg loau pmrkofamkhlnksuasg aolokok gkg/@g` ynu lknw> Loiou mapgkh gtu osoikyo`orgaoko> Imts smm++

Mapgkh o`oiof soiof sotu lmrupul lfosyokh tmrjuot `org jgdg Amigkdn &Hkmtuahkmank Igkk' o`oiof soiof sotu tuajufokhyaknspmraom+ @omrof yokh jokyolamaju`g`oyolok pnfnk amigkdn o`oiof

Oemf `ok suaotmro+ Pmrkyoto smiogk mkol`gaolok jgdg amigkdn duho amagiglgaokcoot `opot amkokhloi ro`gloi jmjos)amkhfoajot oltgvgtos mkzga igposm `okoagiosm smrto smjohog oktgaglrnjo+ Popg

dokhok aolok tmroioiu jokyol yo) lormko`opot amkymjojlok Fgpmrurgsmago ifn

yogtu pmkyolgt olgjot lo`or osoa urot`gotos okhlo knraoi+ Uuajmr4 Unimf &:2?:'