viii

DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL .......................................................................................................... i

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ............................................................................................ ii

BERITA ACARA BIMBINGAN TUGAS AKHIR ........................................................... iii

ABSTRAKSI ...................................................................................................................... iv

MOTTO DAN PERSEMBAHAN...................................................................................... v

KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................................ vi

DAFTAR ISI....................................................................................................................... viii

DAFTAR TABEL............................................................................................................... xi

DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................................... xii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN.............................................................................................. 1

1.1. Uraian Umum .............................................................................................. 1

1.2. Latar Belakang............................................................................................. 2

1.3. Maksud dan Tujuan ..................................................................................... 3

1.4. Lokasi .......................................................................................................... 3

1.5. Ruang Lingkup Studi................................................................................... 4

1.6. Pembatasan Masalah ................................................................................... 4

1.7. Sistematika Penulisan.................................................................................. 5

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA..................................................................................... 6

ix

2.1. Abrasi .......................................................................................................... 6

2.2. Pantai ........................................................................................................... 6

2.2.1. Tinjauan Pantai.................................................................................. 6

2.2.2. Bentuk Pantai .................................................................................... 9

2.3. Gelombang .................................................................................................. 11

2.3.1. Refraksi Gelombang.......................................................................... 15

2.3.2. Difraksi Gelombang .......................................................................... 17

2.3.3. Refleksi Gelombang .......................................................................... 19

2.3.4. Gelombang Pecah.............................................................................. 20

2.4. Angin ........................................................................................................... 23

2.5. Pasang Surut ................................................................................................ 25

2.6. Sedimentasi.................................................................................................. 27

2.6.1. Sifat – sifat sedimen .......................................................................... 28

2.6.2. Transport Sedimen Pantai ................................................................. 29

2.6.3. ImbanganSedimen Pantai .................................................................. 31

2.6.4. Model Perubahan Garis Pantai .......................................................... 32

2.7. Bangunan Pengaman Pantai ........................................................................ 34

2.7.1. Dinding Pantai dan Revetment.......................................................... 34

2.7.2. Groin.................................................................................................. 36

2.7.3. Pemecah Gelombang Lepas Pantai ................................................... 38

x

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ................................................................................... 40

3.1. Pengertian Umum........................................................................................ 40

3.2. Metode Pengumpulan Data ......................................................................... 40

3.3. Metode Analisis Data .................................................................................. 41

BAB IV ANALISIS KERUSAKAN PANTAI................................................................. 43

4.1. Data Teknis.................................................................................................. 43

4.1.1. Data Gelombang................................................................................ 43

4.1.2. Gelombang Pecah.............................................................................. 46

4.2. Alternatif Bangunan Pelindung Pantai ........................................................ 49

BAB V KESIMPULAN .................................................................................................. 50

5.1. Kesimpulan.................................................................................................. 50

5.2. Saran ............................................................................................................ 50

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

LAMPIRAN

xi

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1 Koefisien Refleksi ............................................................................19

Tabel 4.1 Hasil Penghitungan Gelobang Maksimal dan Arah Gelombang Tahun

2004 - 2013 ......................................................................................44

Tabel 4.2 Hasil Penghitungan Prosentase Data Tinggi Gelombang Tahun 2004 -

2013..................................................................................................45

xii

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1.1 Titik Lokasi Penelitia di Pantai Maron........................................4

Gambar 2.1 Definisi daerah pantai..................................................................7

Gambar 2.2 Tipe Profil Pantai.........................................................................8

Gambar 2.3 Bentuk Pantai Berpasir ................................................................10

Gambar 2.4 Bentuk Pantai Berlumpur ............................................................11

Gambar 2.5 Karakteristik Gelombang ............................................................12

Gambar 2.6 Definisi Gelombang ....................................................................13

Gambar 2.7 Refraksi Gelombang pada Kontur Lurus dan Sejajar..................16

Gambar 2.8 Hukum Snell untuk Refraksi Gelombang ...................................16

Gambar 2.9 Difraksi Gelombang Dibelakang Rintangan ...............................18

Gambar 2.10 Refleksi Gelombang ....................................................................20

Gambar 2.11 Penentuan Tinggi Gelombang Pecah ..........................................22

Gambar 2.12 Penentuan Kedalaman Gelombang Pecah ...................................22

Gambar 2.13 Hubungan Antara Kecepatan Angin Di Laut dan Di Darat.........24

Gambar 2.14 Tipe Pasang Surut........................................................................27

Gambar 2.15 Klasifikasi Sedimen Transpor .....................................................29

Gambar 2.16 Transpor Sedimen Sepanjang Pantai ...........................................30

Gambar 2.17 Pembagian Pantai Menjadi Sejumlah Sel....................................33

Gambar 2.18 Beberapa Betuk Dinding Pantai ..................................................35

Gambar 2.19 Revetment dari Tumpukan Buis Beton .......................................36

Gambar 2.20 Groin Tunggal dan Perubahan Garis Pantai yang Ditimbulkan ..37

Gambar 2.21 Groin Seri dan Perubahan Garis Pantai yang Ditimbulkan.........38

Gambar 2.22 Pemecah Gelombang Lepas Pantai .............................................39

Gambar 4.1 Wave Rose ...................................................................................45

Gambar 4.2 Peta Bathimetri Pantai Maron Semarang ....................................47