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DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL............................................................ ............................ i

HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN ........................................................................ ii

SURAT PERNYATAAN................................................................................. iii

PRAKATA ...................................................................................................... iv

DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... vii

DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................... ix

DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................... x

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ................................................................................... xi

INTISARI ........................................................................................................ xii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN........................................................................... 1

1.1. Latar Belakang ...................................................................... 1

1.2. Perumusan Masalah .............................................................. 3

1.3. Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................. 3

1.4. Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................ 4

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA.................................................................. 5

2.1. Low Back Pain (LBP) ........................................................... 5

2.1.1 Definisi ...................................................................... 5

2.1.2 Epidemiologi ............................................................. 5

2.1.3 Anatomi Punggung Bawah ........................................ 5

2.1.4 Etiologi ...................................................................... 10

2.1.5 Klasifikasi LBP ......................................................... 11

2.1.6 Faktor Risiko ............................................................. 14

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2.2. Merokok ............................................................................... 19

2.2.1. Definisi ...................................................................... 19

2.2.2. Zat Yang Terkandung Dalam Rokok ........................ 20

2.2.3. Kategori Perokok ....................................................... 22

2.2.4. Derajat Merokok ....................................................... 23

2.2.5. Hubungan Derajat Merokok Dengan LBP ................ 24

2.3. Kerangka Teori ...................................................................... 26

2.4. Kerangka Konsep .................................................................. 27

2.5. Hipotesis ................................................................................ 27

BAB IIIMETODOLOGI PENELITIAN ........................................................ 28

3.1. Jenis Penelitian ...................................................................... 28

3.2. Variabel Penelitian dan Definisi Operasional ........................ 28

3.3. Populasi dan Sampel ............................................................. 29

3.4. Instrumen Penelitian .............................................................. 31

3.5. Pelaksanaan Penelitian .......................................................... 31

3.6. Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ............................................... 33

3.7. Analisis Data ......................................................................... 33

3.8. Alur Penelitian ...................................................................... 34

BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN............................... 35

4.1. Hasil Penelitian ..................................................................... 35

4.2. Pembahasan ........................................................................... 37

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ....................................................... 40

5.1. Kesimpulan ........................................................................... 40

5.2. Saran ...................................................................................... 41

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..................................................................................... 42

LAMPIRAN .................................................................................................... 47