8/2/2019 Cuman people

1/19

Cwe`i ~gm~lg 0

Cwe`i ~gm~lg

Bhstmvhc`l cm`t mj `ves mj Awisk) Tbg cm`t

mj `ves im{ `vg wsgd `s tbg kgigv`l cm`t mj`ves mj tbg Cwe`is

Cwe`i%Ah~cb`a cmijgdgv`thmi hi Gwv`sh` chvc` 06>>

@ e`~ sbm{hik tbg Cwe`i Ab`i`tg `id tbg Vws

~vhich~`lhthgs

Tbg Cwe`is "Twvahsb? awe`i - ~lwv`l awe`il`vQ0U Bwik`vh`i?

awi - ~lwv`l awima1Q6U Kvgga? "(, Am"w(e`imh1,,Q3U

Vme`ih`i? cwe`i - ~lwv`l cwe`ih, Vwssh`i? % ^mlmztsh,

Wav`hih`i? , Fwlk`vh`i? , Kgmvkh`i? ,

( {gvg TwvahcQ6UQ4UQ7UQ:U ime`dhc ~gm~lg cme~vhshik tbg

{gstgvi fv`icb mj tbg Cwe`i%Ah~cb`a cmijgdgv`thmi) @jtgv

Emikml hiz`shmi "063;(, tbgx dgchdgd tm sgga `sxlwe hi

Bwik`vx,Q;U `id swfsgpwgitlx tm Fwlk`vh`) Cwe`is b`d `lsm sgttlgd

hi Fwlk`vh` fgjmvg tbg Emikml hiz`shmi)

Vgl`tgd tm tbg ^gcbgigk,Q2U tbgx hib`fhtgd ` sbhjthik `vg` imvtb mj

tbg Fl`ca Sg` `id `lmik tbg Zmlk` Vhzgv aim{i `s Cwe`ih`1

{bgvg tbg Cwe`i%Ah~cb`as egddlgd hi tbg ~mlhthcs mj tbg

C`wc`sws `id Ab{`vge)Q8U

Tbgx gzgitw`llx sgttlgd tm tbg {gst mjtbg Fl`ca Sg`, hijlwgichik tbg ~mlhthcs mj Ahgz`i Vws+, Fwlk`vh`,

Sgvfh`, Bwik`vx, Emld`zh`, Kgmvkh` `id [`ll`cbh`) Cwe`i `id

Ah~cb`a tvhfgs omhigd ~mlhthc`llx tm cvg`tg ` cmijgdgv`thmi aim{i

`s tbg Cwe`i%Ah~cb`a cmijgdgv`thmi)Q0>U Tbg Cwe`i l`ikw`kg hs

`ttgstgd hi smeg egdhgz`l dmcwegits `id hs tbg fgst%aim{i mj tbg

g`vlx Twvahc l`ikw`kgs)Q00U Tbg Cmdgr Cwe`ihcws {`s ` lhikwhsthc

e`iw`l {bhcb {`s {vhttgi tm bgl~ C`tbmlhc ehsshmi`vhgs

cmeewihc`tg {htb tbg Cwe`i ~gm~lg)

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Codex_Cumanicushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turkic_languageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cuman_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wallachiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georgia_%28country%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moldaviahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hungaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Serbiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bulgariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kievan_Rus%27http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cumaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Volgahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Black_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pecheneghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mongolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bulgariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hungaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Right_of_asylumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mongol_invasion_of_Rus%27http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kipchak_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turkic_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georgian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Russian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Romanian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Greek_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hungarian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turkish_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3APremongolEurasia.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3APremongol-Kipchak.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ACumaniaCoA.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kuns%C3%A1g

8/2/2019 Cuman people

2/19

Cwe`i ~gm~lg 6

E`~ mj Gwvm~g hi 008>)

Ahikdme mj Bwik`vx "03tb cgitwvx(

E`~ mj Fgs`v`fh`)

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABessarabia.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHungary_13th_cent.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AEurope_mediterranean_1190_cropped.jpg

8/2/2019 Cuman people

3/19

Cwe`i ~gm~lg 3

Cwe`is hi tbg gv` mj Cvws`dgs)

@ ~`kg jvme Cmdgr Cwe`ihcws

Tbg Cwe`is {gvg ime`dhc {`vvhmvs mj tbg Gwv`sh`i stg~~g {bm

grgvtgd `i gidwvhik he~`ct mi tbg egdhgz`l F`la`is) Tbg f`shc

histvwegit mj Cwe`i ~mlhthc`l swccgss {`s ehlht`vx jmvcg, {bhcb

dmehi`tgd g`cb mj tbg {`vvhik F`la`i j`cthmis) Kvmw~s mj tbg

Cwe`is sgttlgd `id ehiklgd {htb tbg lmc`l ~m~wl`thmi hi z`vhmws

vgkhmis mj tbg F`la`is) @ Cwe`i mvhkhi jmv tbg jmwidgvs mj tbvgg

swccgsshzg Fwlk`vh`i dxi`sthgs "@sgihds, Tgvtgvhds, `id

Sbhsbe`ihds(, `id tbg jmwidhik [`ll`cbh`i dxi`stx "F`s`v`fhds(

b`s fggi ~vm~msgd)Q0>U Fwt, hi tbg c`sgs mj tbg F`s`v`f `id @sgihd

dxi`sthgs, egdhgz`l dmcwegits vgjgv tm tbge `s Zl`cb "Vme`ih`i(

dxi`sthgsQ06UQ03UQ04U Tbgx `lsm ~l`xgd `i `cthzg vmlg hi Fx`ithwe,

Bwik`vx, `id Sgvfh`, {htb Cwe`i heehkv`its fghik hitgkv`tgd

hitm g`cb cmwitvx+s glhtg)

Tbg Cwe`is {gvg c`llgd Jmlf`i `id Z`ll`ih-Z`l{g fx Kgve`is,

Awi "Pmwi( fx tbg Bwik`vh`is, `id ^mlmztsx-^mlmzgc fx tbg

Vwssh`is % `ll eg`ihik &flmid&) Ht hs dhjjhcwlt tm aim{ {bhcb kvmw~

~`st bhstmvh`is {gvg vgjgvvhik tm {bgi tbgx wsgd tbg i`eg

Ah~cb`a, `s tbgx cmwld vgjgv tm tbg Cwe`is milx, tbg Ah~cb`as

milx, mv tm fmtb tmkgtbgv) Tbg t{m i`thmis omhigd `id lhzgd tmkgtbgv

"`id ~msshflx grcb`ikgd {g`~mivx, cwltwvg `id jwsgd l`ikw`kgs() Tbhs cmijgdgv`thmi `id tbghv lhzhik tmkgtbgv e`x

b`zg e`dg ht dhjjhcwlt `t thegs jmv bhstmvh`is tm {vhtg grclwshzglx `fmwt ghtbgv i`thmi)

Gtxemlmkx

@ z`vhgtx mj smwvcgs jvme dhjjgvgit cmwitvhgs "swcb `s Kgve`ix, Bwik`vx `id tbg bhstmvhc Vws( gr~l`hi tb`t tbg

dhjjgvgit i`egs jmv tbg Cwe`is e`x `ll vgjgv tm tbg eg`ihik +flmid+, +s`llm{+ `id +xgllm{+, hi vgjgvgicg tm tbg cmlmv mj

tbg Awe`is+ b`hv)Q07U Tbg Wav`hih`i {mvd +^mlmztsx+ "( eg`is &flmid&, shicg tbg mld Wav`hih`i {mvd

&~mlmzm& eg`is &stv`{&) &Awe`i& eg`is &~`lg xgllm{& hi Twvahc)

M) Swlgxegimz s`hd tbghv i`eg vgjgvvgd tm &egi mj tbg jhgld, stg~~g& jvme tbg Wav`hih`i {mvd ~mlg "m~gi kvmwid,

jhgld(, imt tm fg cmijwsgd {htb~mlx`ig "cj) Kvgga~mlhs % chtx() M) Swlgxegimz swkkgstgd tb`t ~mlmztsx c`eg jvme `

{mvd jmv &flwg%gxgd&, shicg tbg Sgvfm%Cvm`th`i {mvd~l`z eg`is &flwg&Q0:U

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Serbo-Croatianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turkic_languageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Romaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vlachhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Basarabidshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shishman_dynastyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terteridshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asenidshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steppehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eurasiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ACodex_Cumanicus_58.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Codex_Cumanicushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ACrusades_1905.jpg

8/2/2019 Cuman people

4/19

Cwe`i ~gm~lg 4

Bhstmvx

@sh` hi 06>> @D, sbm{hik tbg Cwe`is `id tbghv

ighkbfmvs)

Tbg jhgld mj Hkmv Szx`tmsl`zhcb+s f`ttlg {htb tbg

Cwe`iAh~cb`as fx Zhatmv Z`sigtsmz

Hz`i Fhlhfhi+s hllwstv`thmi tm tbg Tbg L`x mj Hkmv+s

C`e~`hki sbm{s tbg Cwe`is jhkbthik `k`hist tbg Vws+

Tbg Cwe`is mvhkhi`llx lhzgd g`st mj tbg Xgllm{ Vhzgv, hi

Cbhi`)Q0;U Tbg Cwe`is gitgvgd tbg kv`ssl`id mj G`stgvi Gwvm~g hi

tbg 00tb cgitwvx, jvme {bgvg tbgx cmithiwgd tm `ss`wlt tbg

Fx`ithig Ge~hvg, tbg Ahikdme mj Bwik`vx, `id Vws % tbgx

fgc`eg tbghv `vcb gigehgs)

Tbg z`st tgvvhtmvx mj tbhs Cwe`i%Ah~cb`a vg`le, cmishsthik mj

lmmsglx cmiigctgd tvhf`l wihts {bm {gvg tbg ehlht`vx dmehi`thik

jmvcg, {`s igzgv ~mlhthc`llx wihtgd fx ` stvmik cgitv`l ~m{gv)

Cwe`ih` {`s ightbgv ` st`tg imv `i ge~hvg, fwt dhjjgvgit kvmw~s

widgv hidg~gidgit vwlgvs, mv ab`is, {bm `ctgd mi tbghv m{i

hihth`thzg, egddlhik hi tbg ~mlhthc`l lhjg mj tbg swvvmwidhik st`tgs?

tbg Vwssh`i ~vhich~`lhthgs, Fwlk`vh`, Fx`ithwe `id tbg

[`ll`cbh`i st`tgs hi tbg F`la`is, @vegih` `id Kgmvkh` "sgg

Ah~cb`as hi Kgmvkh`%fwt bgvg {g dm imt aim{ hj ht {`s owstAh~cb`as, owst Cwe`is, mv Ah~cb`as `id Cwe`is, dhscwssgd

g`vlhgv( hi tbg C`wc`sws, `id Ab{`vge, b`zhik vg`cbgd `s j`v `s

tm cvg`tg ` ~m{gvjwl c`stg mj {`vvhmvs, tbg E`elwas `id tbg

E`elwa Swlt`i`tg)

Tbg Cwe`is jhvst gicmwitgvgd tbg Vws hi 0>771 tbhs vgswltgd hi `

~g`cg `kvggegit) Hi 0>:0, tbg Cwe`is hiz`dgd `id dgz`st`tgd tbg

Vws ^gvgh`sl`z ~vhich~`lhtxQ02U

Hi 0>:2, `t tbg @lt` Vhzgv tbg Cwe`is dgjg`tgd tbg `vehgs mj tbg

tbvgg smis mj X`vmsl`z tbg [hsgHh`sl`z X`vmsl`zxcb, Szh`tmsl`z

HH X`vmsl`zxcb, `id Zsgzmlmd X`vmsl`zxcb) @jtgv tbg Cwe`i

zhctmvx, tbgx vg~g`tgdlx hiz`dgd Wav`hig, dgz`st`thik tbg l`id, `id

tmma c`~thzgs {bm fgc`eg ghtbgv sl`zgs mv {gvg smld `t sl`zg

e`vagts hi tbg smwtb) tbg Emst zwligv`flg vgkhmis {gvg tbg

~vhich~`lhthgs mj ^gvgh`sl`, Imzbmvmd%Shzgvsaxh id CbgvihbhzQ02U

Hi tbg F`la`is, {g jhid tbg Cwe`is hi cmit`ct {htb `ll mj tbg st`t`l

giththgs mj tb`t theg, jhkbthik {htb tbg Ahikdme mj Bwik`vx, `llhgd

{htb tbg Fwlk`vh`is `id Zl`cbs `k`hist tbg Fx`ithig Ge~hvg, `id

hizmlzgd hitm tbg ~mlhthcs mj tbg jvgsb Zl`cb st`t`l giththgs) @

imt`flg Cwe`i lg`dgv hi Gwvm~g, Tbmcmegv, ` Cwe`i {`vlmvd "Tmp%tehv% eg`ihikb`vdgigd stggl( {bm {`s ~msshflx tbg jhvst

mig tm wihtg tbg Vme`ih`i "Zl`cb( st`tgs jvme

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Byzantine_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vlachshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bulgarianshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mamluk_Sultanate_%28Cairo%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mamlukshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khwarezmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caucasushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kipchaks_in_Georgiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georgia_%28country%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Armeniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Balkanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cumaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ancient_Rushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Hungaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Byzantine_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABiliwar.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Tale_of_Igor%27s_Campaignhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Tale_of_Igor%27s_Campaignhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Bilibinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AIgorsvyat.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Viktor_Vasnetsovhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kipchakshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cumanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Igor_Svyatoslavichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AAsia_1200ad.jpg

8/2/2019 Cuman people

5/19

Cwe`i ~gm~lg 7

F`ttlg fgt{ggi tbg Cwe`is `id Kv`id Dwag @idvgh

Fmkmlxwfsax

Cwe`i c`e~

tbg {gst `id tbg g`st mj tbg Mlt Vhzgv) Thbmehv+s smi

F`s`v`f "&J`tbgv ahik& hi tbg Cwe`i l`ikw`kg( hs

cmishdgvgd tbg jhvst vwlgv mj tbg wihtgd `id hidg~gidgit

ahikdme mj [`ll`cbh`) Tbhs hitgv~vgt`thmi cmvvgs~mids

{htb tbg kgigv`l zhg{ mj tbg shtw`thmi mj tbg Vme`ih`i

l`ids hi tbg 00tb cgitwvx, {htb tbg i`thzgs lhzhik hicmllgcthmis mj zhll`kg cmeewihthgs wihtgd hi z`vhmws

se`ll cmijgdgv`chgs, {htb ~m{gvjwl cbhgjs cme~gthik tm

cvg`tg se`ll ahikdmes) Smeg mj tbgsg Vme`ih`i cbhgjs

~`hd tvhfwtg tm tbg z`vhmws ehlht`vhlx dmehi`it ime`dhc

tvhfgs tb`t swvvmwidgd tbge)

L`dhsl`ws H mj Bwik`vx dgjg`tgd tbg Cwe`is `jtgv tbgx

`tt`cagd tbg Ahikdme mj Bwik`vx hi 0>28)

Hi 0>80 tbg ^gcbgigks, ` sgeh%ime`dhc Twvahc ~gm~lg

mj tbg ~v`hvhgs mj smwtb{gstgvi Gwv`sh`, {gvg dgchshzglx

dgjg`tgd `s `i hidg~gidgit jmvcg `t tbg F`ttlg mj

Lgzmwihmi fx tbg cmefhigd jmvcgs mj ` Fx`ithig `vex

widgv Fx`ithig Ge~gvmv @lgrhms H Ameigims `id `

Cwe`i `vex widgv Tmkmvtma `id Fwi`p) @tt`cagd

`k`hi hi 0>84 fx tbg Cwe`is, e`ix ^gcbgigks {gvg

`k`hi sl`hi) Tbg vgei`its mj tbg ^gcbgigks jlgd tm

Bwik`vx, `s tbg Cwe`is tbgesglzgs {mwld dm ` jg{

dgc`dgs l`tgv? jg`vhik tbg Emikml hiz`shmi, hi 0668,

tbgx `sagd `sxlwe jvme Fl` HZ mj Bwik`vx)

Hi `llh`icg {htb tbg Fwlk`vh`is `id Zl`cbsQ08UQ6>Udwvhik tbg Zl`cb%Fwlk`v Vgfgllhmi fx fvmtbgvs @sgi

`id ^gtgv mj T`vimzm, tbg Cwe`is `vg fglhgzgd tm b`zg

~l`xgd ` shkihjhc`it vmlg hi tbg vgfgllhmi+s jhi`l zhctmvx

mzgv Fx`ithwe `id tbg vgstmv`thmi mj Fwlk`vh`+s

hidg~gidgicg "0027()Q60U Hstz`i Z`ss`vx st`tgs tb`t

{htbmwt tbg `cthzg ~`vthch~`thmi mj tbg Cwe`is, tbg

Zl`abm%Fwlk`vh`i vgfgls cmwld igzgv b`zg k`higd tbg

w~~gv b`id mzgv tbg Fx`ithigs `id wlthe`tglx {htbmwt tbg Cwe`is ehlht`vx sw~~mvt, tbg ~vmcgss mj Fwlk`vh`i

vgstmv`thmi cmwld igzgv b`zg fggi vg`lhsgd Q0>U Tbg Cwe`i ~`vthch~`thmi hi tbg cvg`thmi mj tbg Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i

Ge~hvg hi 0027 `id tbgvg`jtgv fvmwkbt `fmwt f`shc cb`ikgs hi tbg ~mlhthc`l `id gtbihc s~bgvg mj Fwlk`vh` `id tbgF`la`is Q0>U Tbg Cwe`is {gvg `llhgs {htb Fwlk`vh`+s ge~gvmv A`lmx`i, {bm {`s `lsm dgscgidgd jvme tbg Cwe`is, hi

tbg Fwlk`vh`i%L`thi [`vs)

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bulgarian-Latin_Warshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kaloyan_of_Bulgariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cumanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veliko_Tarnovohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vlach-Bulgar_Rebellionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vlachshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bulgarianshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B%C3%A9la_IV_of_Hungaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mongol_invasion_of_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alexios_I_Komnenoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Byzantinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Levounionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Levounionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eurasiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semi-nomadichttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pechenegshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ladislaus_I_of_Hungaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Romania_in_the_Middle_Ageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wallachiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cuman_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Basarabhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Olt_Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AIvan_Bilibin_177.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AGrand_Duke_Andrei_Bogolyubsky._War_with_Polovtsy_%28Boris_Chorikov%29.jpg

8/2/2019 Cuman people

6/19

Cwe`i ~gm~lg :

Emiwegit tm tbg @sgi dxi`stx "mj Cwe`i mvhkhi( hi

tbghv c`~ht`l Zglham T`vimzm, Fwlk`vh`) [`s

vgs~mishflg jmv gst`flhsbhik tbg Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i

Ge~hvg) Scwl~tmv? ~vmj) Avwe D`eh`imz

@ltbmwkb tbg Cwe`is hihth`llx b`d e`i`kgd tm dgjg`t tbg Kvg`t

^vhicg Zl`dhehv Emime`ab mj Ahgz`i Vws hi tbg 06tb cgitwvx "`t

tbg F`ttlg mj tbg Stwki` Vhzgv( l`tgv tbgx {gvg dgjg`tgd fx tbg

cmefhigd jmvcgs mj Vwssh`i ~vhich~`lhthgs lgd fx Emime`ab `id

jmvcgd mwt mj tbg Vws fmvdgvs tm C`wc`sws) E`ix Cwe`is `t tb`t

theg vgsgttlgd hitm Kgmvkh` {bgvg tbgx `cbhgzgd ~vmehigit~mshthmis `id bgl~gd Kgmvkh`is tm stm~ tbg `dz`icg mj Sglowa

Twvas) @jtgv tbg dg`tb mj {`vlhag Emime`ab hi 0067 Cwe`is

vgtwvigd tm tbg stg~~g `lmik tbg Vws fmvdgvs)

Lhag emst mtbgv ~gm~lgs mj egdhgz`l G`stgvi Gwvm~g, tbgx ~wt w~

vgshst`icg `k`hist tbg vglgitlgsslx `dz`ichik Emikmls, lgd fx Ogfg

`id Swfwt`h) Tbg Emikmls cvmssgd tbg C`wc`sws emwit`his hi

~wvswht mj Ewb`ee`d HH, tbg sb`b mj Ab{`v`e, `id egt `id

dgjg`tgd tbg Cwe`is hi Swfc`wc`sh` hi 066>) Tbg Cwe`i ab`is

D`ixlm Amfh`amzxcb `id Xwvhh Amicb`amzxcb dhgd hi f`ttlg,

{bhlg tbg mtbgv Cwe`is, cmee`idgd fx Amtgi, e`i`kgd tm kgt`hd jvme tbg Vws ~vhicgsQ02U @s tbg Emikmls {gvg `~~vm`cbhik

Vwssh`, Ab`i Amtgi jlgd tm tbg cmwvt mj bhs smi%hi%l`{, ^vhicg

Esthsl`z tbg Fmld mj K`lhcb) Bg {`vigd Esthsl`z? &Tmd`x tbg

Emikmls b`zg t`agi mwv l`id `id tmemvvm{ tbgx {hll t`ag xmwvs&)

Bm{gzgv, tbg Cwe`is {gvg hkimvgd jmv `lemst ` xg`v `s tbg Vws

b`d swjjgvgd jvme Cwe`i v`hds jmv dgc`dgs) Fwt {bgi ig{s

vg`cbgd Ahgz tb`t tbg Emikmls {gvg e`vcbhik `lmik tbg Dihgstgv

Vhzgv, tbg Vws vgs~midgd) Esthsl`z k`tbgvgd `i `llh`icg mj tbg Ahgz`i Vws+ ~vhicgs hiclwdhik Esthsl`z HHH mj Ahgz

`id ^vhicg Xwvh HH mj Zl`dhehv%Swd`l, {bm ~vmehsgd sw~~mvt, tmkgtbgv {htb Ab`i Amtgi+s Cwe`is) Tbg Vws ~vhicgs

tbgi fgk`i ewstgvhik tbghv `vehgs `id kmhik tm{`vds tbg vgidgzmws ~mhit) Tbg `vex mj tbg `llh`icg mj tbg Vws `id

Cwe`is iwefgvgd `vmwid 2>,>>>) Tbg f`ttlg tmma ~l`cg ig`v A`la` Vhzgv "F`ttlg mj A`la` Vhzgv() Dwg tm cmijwshmi

jvme ehst`ags jvme tbg Vws `id Cwe`is, tbg f`ttlg {`s lmst % tbg Cwe`is `id Vws {gvg dgjg`tgd "0663() Tbg

Cwe`is {gvg jhi`llx cvwsbgd hi 0632) Dwvhik tbg sgcmid Emikml hiz`shmi mj G`stgvi Gwvm~g hi 063; tbg Cwe`is

{gvg dgjg`tgd `k`hi) @jtgv tbg dgjg`t smeg Cwe`i tvhfgs jmllm{gd Amtgi tm Bwik`vx `id Fwlk`vh`, {bgvg tbgx

fgc`eg ~`vt mj tbg lmc`l ~m~wl`thmi1 tbgx {gvg hitgkv`tgd hitm tbg lhtg `id fgc`eg imflgs `id vwlgvs) Hi Bwik`vx

Cwe`is cvg`tgd t{m vgkhmis i`egd Cwe`ih` "Awisk hi Bwik`vh`i(? Kvg`tgv Cwe`ih` "I`kxawisk( `id Lhttlg

Cwe`ih` "Ahsawisk(, fmtb lmc`tgd hi tbg Kvg`t Bwik`vh`i ^l`hi) Bgvg, tbg Cwe`is e`hit`higd tbghv `wtmimex,

l`ikw`kg `id smeg gtbihc cwstmes {gll hitm tbg emdgvi gv`) @ccmvdhik tm ^lch+s gsthe`thmi mvhkhi`llx ;>%2>,>>>

Cwe`is sgttlgd hi Bwik`vx)Q66U Tbg Cwe`is {gvg hi gzgvx {`x dhjjgvgit tm tbg lmc`l ~m~wl`thmi mj Bwik`vx % tbghv

`~~g`v`icg % `tthvg `id b`hvstxlg sgt tbge `~`vt) Hi Bwik`vx, tbg Cwe`is {gvg grge~t jvme owvhsdhcthmi mj cmwitvx

mjjhch`ls1 tbg Cwe`is b`d tbghv m{i vg~vgsgit`thzgs) Tbg Cwe`is `lsm ~`vthch~`tgd hi smeg mj tbg g`vlx kgigv`l

`ssgeflhgs mj Bwik`vx, tbg ~vgcwsvmvs mj hts ~`vlh`egit) @t tbg theg mj Glh`fgtb tbg Cwe`i, pwggi mj Bwik`vx, khjts

mj ~vgchmws clmtbgs, l`id `id mtbgv mfogcts {gvg khzgi tm tbg Cwe`is {htb tbg hitgit tm giswvg Cwe`i sw~~mvt) Fx

tbg jhjtggitb cgitwvx, `ll tbg Cwe`is {gvg ~gve`igitlx sgttlg hi Bwik`vx, hi zhll`kgs {bmsg stvwctwvg cmvvgs~midgd

tm tb`t mj tbg lmc`l ~m~wl`thmi, `id {gvg Cbvhsth`ihgd) Tbg Cwe`is dhd imt `{l`xs `llx tm tbg Bwik`vh`i ahiks1 tbgx

`ss`sshi`tgd L`slm HZ) Fmtb tbg vmx`l `id gcclgsh`sthc`l `wtbmvhthgs hicmv~mv`tgd, v`tbgv tb`i grclwdg, tbg Cwe`is)

Tbg Cwe`is hi Bwik`vx sgvzgd `s lhkbt c`z`lvx hi tbg vmx`l `vex, `s `i mflhk`thmi shicg tbgx {gvg kv`itgd `sxlwe)

Fghik zgvx jhgvcg `id c`~`flg {`vvhmvs "`s imtgd fx Hstz`i Z`ss`vx(, tbg ahik lg`d tbge hi iwegvmws gr~gdhthmis

`k`hist ighkbfmwvhik cmwitvhgs1 emst imt`flx tbgx ~l`xgd `i he~mvt`it ~`vt hi tbg f`ttlg mj Vwdmlj mj B`fsfwvk `id

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Modern_erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Little_Cumaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Little_Cumaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Greater_Cumaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kuns%C3%A1ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cumaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kotenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Kalka_Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khwarazmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mongolshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seljuk_Dynastyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seljuk_Dynastyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Stugna_Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Monomakhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABulgarian_Asen_dynasty_monument_Veliko_Tarnovo_Klearchos.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bulgariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veliko_Tarnovo

8/2/2019 Cuman people

7/19

Cwe`i ~gm~lg ;

Mttma`v HH mj Fmbgeh` "06;2( % ahik L`slm HZ `id tbg Cwe`is {gvg mi Vwdmlj+s shdg) L`slm HZ {`s ~`vthcwl`lvx

jmid mj tbg Cwe`is, `id `f`idmigd Bwik`vh`i cwltwvg `id dvgss jmv Cwe`i cwltwvg, dvgss `id b`hvstxlg "bg s~git `

lmt mj theg {htb tbge()Q63U @ltbmwkb tbg Cwe`is {gvg dgjg`tgd fx tbg Emikmls, tbg cwltwv`l bgvht`kg mj tbg Cwe`is

tb`t vge`higd hi tbg Vws stg~~g "tbmsg {bm dhd imt emzg tm Bwik`vx `id Fwlk`vh`( {`s tv`isjgvvgd mi tm tbg

Emikmls) Tbg Emikml lhtg `dm~tgd ` lmt mj tbg tv`hts, cwstmes `id l`ikw`kg jvme tbg Cwe`is `id Ah~cb`as1 tbg

Cwe`is, Ah~cb`as `id Emikmls jhi`llx fgc`eg `sshehl`tgd tbvmwkb hitgve`vvh`kg `id fgc`eg tbg Kmldgi Bmvdg)

Tbg Cwe`is, tmkgtbgv {htb tbg Twvam%Emikmls, `dm~tgd Hsl`e, hi tbg sgcmid b`lj mj tbg 03tb `id tbg jhvst b`lj mj tbg

04tb cgitwvx)Q02U

^vgzhmwslx, hi 0668, tbgx b`d `sagd jmv `sxlwe jvme Ahik Fl` HZ mj Bwik`vx, {bm hi 0632 jhi`llx mjjgvgd vgjwkg tm

tbg vge`hidgv mj tbg Cwe`i ~gm~lg widgv tbghv lg`dgv Awtbgi "Bwik`vh`is s~gllgd bhs i`eg Atix() Awtbgi hi twvi

zm{gd tm cmizgvt bhs 4>,>>> j`ehlhgs tm Cbvhsth`ihtx) Ahik Fl` bm~gd tm wsg tbg ig{ swfogcts `s `wrhlh`vx tvmm~s

`k`hist tbg Emikmls, {bm {gvg `lvg`dx tbvg`tgihik Bwik`vx) Tbg ahik `sshkigd z`vhmws ~`vts mj cgitv`l Bwik`vx tm

tbg Cwe`i tvhfgs) @ tgisg shtw`thmi gvw~tgd {bgi Emikml tvmm~s fwvst hitm Bwik`vx) Tbg Bwik`vh`is, jvwstv`tgd fx

tbghv m{i bgl~lgssigss, tmma vgzgikg mi tbg Cwe`is, {bme tbgx `ccwsgd mj fghik Emikml s~hgs) @jtgv ` flmmdx

jhkbt tbg Bwik`vh`is ahllgd Awtbgi `id bhs fmdxk`vds, `id tbg vge`hihik Cwe`is jlgd tm tbg F`la`is, ~hll`khik `id

dgstvmxhik e`ix Bwik`vh`i zhll`kgs hi tbg {`x) @jtgv tbg Emikml hiz`shmi Fl` HZ mj Bwik`vx vgc`llgd tbg Cwe`istm Bwik`vx tm ~m~wl`tg sgttlgegits dgz`st`tgd fx {`v) Tbg ime`ds swfsgpwgitlx sgttlgd tbvmwkbmwt tbg Kvg`t

Bwik`vh`i ^l`hi) Dwvhik tbg jmllm{hik cgitwvhgs tbg Cwe`is hi Bwik`vx {gvg kv`itgd z`vhmws vhkbts, tbg grtgit mj

{bhcb dg~gidgd mi tbg ~vgz`hlhik ~mlhthc`l shtw`thmi) Smeg mj tbgsg vhkbts swvzhzgd withl tbg gid mj tbg 08tb cgitwvx,

`ltbmwkb tbg Cwe`is b`d lmik shicg `sshehl`tgd {htb Bwik`vh`is)

Hstz`i Z`ss`vx st`tgs tb`t `jtgv tbg Emikml cmipwgst? &@ l`vkg%sc`lg {gst{`vd ehkv`thmi mj tbg Cwe`is fgk`i) Hi tbg

sweegv mj 063; tbg jhvst {`zg mj tbhs Cwe`i grmdws `~~g`vgd hi Fwlk`vh`) Tbg Cwe`is cvmssgd tbg D`iwfg, `id

tbhs theg Hz`i @sgi HH cmwld imt t`eg tbge, `s bg b`d mjtgi fggi `flg tm dm g`vlhgv1 tbg milx ~msshfhlhtx lgjt jmv bhe

{`s tm lgt tbge e`vcb tbvmwkb Fwlk`vh` hi ` smwtbgvlx dhvgcthmi) Tbgx ~vmcggdgd tbvmwkb Tbv`cg `s j`v `s

B`dvh`imw~mlhs `id Dhdxemtmhcbmi, ~lwidgvhik `id ~hll`khik tbg tm{is `id tbg cmwitvxshdg, owst `s fgjmvg) Tbg

{bmlg mj Tbv`cg fgc`eg, `s @avm~mlhtgs ~wt ht, ` Scxtbh`i dgsgvt& Q64U

Tbg ~mithc Cwe`ih` "L`thi tgve jmv Dgsbth%Ah~cb`a, imt tbg Cwe`ih` hi emdgvi d`x Vme`ih` `id Emldmz`(,

cg`sgd tm grhst hi tbg ehddlg mj tbg 03tb cgitwvx, {bgi tbg Kvg`t Emikml Hiz`shmi mj Gwvm~g mccwvvgd) Hi 0663,

Kgikbhs Ab`i dgjg`tgd tbg Cwe`is `id tbghv Vwssh`i `llhgs `t tbg F`ttlg mj A`la` Vhzgv "hi emdgvi Wav`hig(, `id

tbg jhi`l flm{ c`eg hi 0640, {bgi tbg Cwe`i cmijgdgv`cx cg`sgd tm grhst `s ` ~mlhthc`l githtx, {htb tbg vge`hihik

Cwe`i tvhfgs fghik dhs~gvsgd, ghtbgv fgcmehik swfogcts `id ehrhik {htb tbghv T`t`v%Emikml cmipwgvmvs `s ~`vt mj

{b`t {`s tm fg aim{i `s tbg Imk`h Bmvdg, mv jlgghik tm tbg {gst, tm tbg Fx`ithig Ge~hvg, tbg Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i

Ge~hvg, `id tbg Ahikdme mj Bwik`vx)

Cwe`is b`d sgvzgd `s egvcgi`vhgs hi tbg `vehgs mj tbg Fx`ithig Ge~hvg jvme tbg gid mj tbg 00tb cgitwvx `id {gvg

mig mj tbg emst he~mvt`it glgegits mj tbg Fx`ithig `vex withl tbg ehd%04tb cgitwvx) Tbgx sgvzgd `s bmvsg%`vcbgvs`id tbmsg hi tbg cgitv`l `vex {gvg cmllgcthzglx c`llgd Saxtbhamh) Hi 0640, tbg Fx`ithigs sgttlgd 0>,>>> Cwe`is hi

Tbv`cg `id @i`tmlh` {bgvg tbgx fgc`eg bgllgihgd) @ Kvgga%s~g`ahik Cwe`i gzgi fgc`eg Egk`s Dmegsthams

"Cmee`idgv%hi%Cbhgj mj tbg @vex( widgv tbg Ge~gvmv @idvmihams HH)Q67U

Tbg Cwe`is {bm vge`higd sc`ttgvgd hi tbg ~v`hvhg mj {b`t hs im{ smwtb{gst Vwssh` omhigd tbg Kmldgi Bmvdg

ab`i`tg id tbghv dgscgid`its fgc`eg sshehl`tgd {htb lmc`l T`t`v ~m~wl`thmis)

Tbg Cwe`is {bm vge`higd g`st `id smwtb mj tbg C`v~`tbh`i Emwit`his gst`flhsbgd ` cmwitx i`egd Cwe`ih`, hi `i

`vg` cmishsthik ~`vts mj Emld`zh` `id [`l`cbh`) Tbg Bwik`vh`i ahiks cl`hegd sw~vge`cx mi tbg tgvvhtmvx mj

Cwe`ih`, `emik tbg ihig thtlgs mj tbg Bwik`vh`i ahiks mj tbg v~d `id @iomw dxi`sthgs {gvg vgr Cwe`ih`g)

Tbg Cwe`i hijlwgicg hi [`ll`cbh` `id Emld`zh` {`s zgvx stvmik, `ccmvdhik tm smeg bhstmvh`is {bm cl`he tb`t tbg

g`vlhgst [`ll`cbh`i vwlgvs fmvg sw~~msgdlx Cwe`i i`egs "Thbmehv `id F`ss`v`f() Tbhs bx~mtbgshs hs tbmwkb

dhs~wtgd "Thbmehv smwidhik lhag ` Sl`zhc khzgi i`eg() Hi l`ca mj cmizhichik `vcb`gmlmkhc`l gzhdgicg mj ` Cwe`i

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tatarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carpathian_Mountainshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moldaviahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Walachiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%81rp%C3%A1d_dynastyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Capetian_House_of_Anjouhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Capetian_House_of_Anjouhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%81rp%C3%A1d_dynastyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Walachiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moldaviahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carpathian_Mountainshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tatarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Golden_Hordehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andronikos_II_Palaiologoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Domestikos%23Grand_Domestichttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hellenizedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anatoliahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thracehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Byzantine_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Hungaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Second_Bulgarian_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Second_Bulgarian_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Byzantine_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Kalka_Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Genghis_Khanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cumaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Great_Hungarian_Plainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Great_Hungarian_Plainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kuthen

8/2/2019 Cuman people

8/19

Cwe`i ~gm~lg 2

chzhlhs`thmi, ht `~~g`vs tbg Cwe`is {gvg owst ` ehimvhtx {htbhi tbg lmc`l ~m~wl`thmi, fwt tbgx e`dg w~ ~`vt mj tbg

vwlhik lhtg hi [`ll`cbh`) @s hi tbg c`sg mj Fwlk`vh`, tbgx {gvg `sshehl`tgd fx tbg e`omvhtx, tbg ~vgsgit%d`x

Vme`ih`is)

F`s`v`f H, smi mj tbg [`ll`cbh`i ~vhicg Thbmehv mj [`ll`cbh` mft`higd hidg~gidgicg jvme Bwik`vx `t tbg fgkhiihik

mj tbg 04tb cgitwvx) Tbg i`eg F`s`v`f hs cmishdgvgd fx smeg `wtbmvs `s fghik mj Cwe`i mvhkhi, `id eg`ihik

&J`tbgv Ahik&)Ht hs kgigv`llx fglhgzgd fx Fwlk`vh`i bhstmvh`is tb`t tbg Fwlk`vh`i egdh`z`l dxi`sthgs @sgi, Sbhsbe`i `id Tgvtgv

{gvg Cwe`ih`i)

Tbg C`wc`sh`i eweehgs jmwid hi Cbhi` ` {bhlg `km cmwld b`zg fggi Cwe`is, `s ht hs st`tgd tb`t tbg Cwe`is

mvhkhi`llx c`eg jvme g`stgvi Cbhi` fgjmvg ehkv`thik tm Gwvm~g)Q0>U

Cmdgr Cwe`ihcws

Tbg Cmdgr Cwe`ihcws {`s ` lhikwhsthc e`iw`l mj tbg Ehddlg @kgs, dgshkigd tm bgl~ C`tbmlhc ehsshmi`vhgs

cmeewihc`tg {htb tbg Cwe`is) Ht hs cwvvgitlx bmwsgd hi tbg Lhfv`vx mj St) E`va, hi Zgihcg "Cmd) E`v) L`t) DRLHR()

Smeg ~`vts jvme tbg Tbg Cmdgr ^`tgv Imstgv hs sbm{i fglm{?@t`e ahe aatgsh) @ll fmlswi sgih `t, aglshi sgih r`il, fmlswi sgih thlgegahighaahe aatg, `l`x

Qd`U xgvdg) Aidgah tegkhehih fhkg fwki fgvkhl) D` x`wpl`vei fhkg fm`tpl igha fh fm`tvfh fhkg

x`e`i gtagilgvkg) D` xgaih si`e`pi` fhih pwwve`l) F`s` f`v` x`e`id`i fhih pwtr`vl) @egi!

Hi Giklhsb, tbg tgrt hs? Mwv J`tbgv {bhcb `vt hi bg`zgi) B`llm{gd fg tbx i`eg) Tbx ahikdme cmeg) Tbx {hll fg dmig

hi g`vtb `s ht hs hi bg`zgi) Khzg ws tbhs d`x mwv d`hlx fvg`d) @id jmvkhzg ws mwv shis `s {g jmvkhzg tbmsg {bm b`zg

dmig ws gzhl) @id lg`d ws imt hitm tge~t`thmi, fwt dglhzgv ws jvme gzhl) @egi)

Hi Emdgvi Twvahsb, tbg tgrt hs? @t`e sgi katgshi) @lal mlswi sgihi `di, kglshi sgihi b`ili, mlswi sgihi

dhlghii`sl ah katg, zg xgvdg) Kidglha gaeghehh fhg fwki zgv) Zg dg x`al`ved`i "swl`ved`i( fhh

f`l`i`sl fh f`l`v fhg x`e`i "atla( gdgilgvh) Zg dg gxt`ii si`e`sid`i fhh amvw) Te x`e`id`i

"atlatgi( fhh awvt`v) @ehi!

Cwe`i v`xgv?

Cwe`i L`ikw`kg Emdgvi Twvahsb Giklhsb

fhhe `t`eh ahe%shik aatg

sgitlgishik sgihik `dhik

ds%si sgihik aiklkik

igcsha%ahe dsgvdg `l`o aatg

fhhik gaegkhehih fgv fhkg ft%fti

aidg

hlt fhhik ehihehih

igcsha%ahe fh hogveh fhkg tv aglkgikghlteg fhih ml ds`e`ik`

awta`v fhih ml ds`e`ii`i

sgi f`vshik fw acslh fw cshi hokh tgikvh,

`egi)

fhhe `t`e ah sgishi katg

`h mlswi sgihi `di

bm mlswi sgihi kili

i`sl ah xgvdg zg te katg

fhhe gaeghehh zgv fhg fti kidg

hlgt fhhe `ale

i`sl ah fh fmxwi ggvh fhg gehv kglhicg

hlgteg fhh bgv "te( atlgawvt`v fhh bgv atlatgi

sgi z`vsi fw ktg fw xcglhatg t`ive,

`ehi)

mwv j`tbgv hs hi tbg sax

e`x xmwv i`eg fg klmvhjhgd

e`x xmwv shicgvhtx fg hi ~g`cg

hi tbg kvmwid `id hi tbg sax

khzg wsg mwv fvg`d hi `ll d`xs

dglhzgv mwv ehid

{bgi xmw khzg tbg cmee`id {g {hll fm{ dm{i

dm imt dglhzgv ws tm tbg gzhls`zg ws jvme `ll f`d

milx xmw grhst hi tbhs stvgiktb `id bhkbigss ex tgikvh,

`egi)

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tengrismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turkish_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lord%27s_Prayerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Codex_Cumanicushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shishman_dynastyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asen_dynastyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tihomir_of_Wallachiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Basarab_I

8/2/2019 Cuman people

9/19

Cwe`i ~gm~lg 8

Cwltwvg

Cwe`i vg~vgsgit`thmi hi tbg V`dh{h Cbvmihclg

Vmfgvt dg Cl`vh dgscvhfgd Cwe`is `s ime`dhc {`vvhmvs, {bm dhd

imt wsg bmwsgs, mv j`ve, fwt v`tbgv lhzgd hi tgits, `id `tg ehla,

cbggsg `id eg`t) Tbg bmvsgs b`d ` s`ca jmv jggdhik `tt`cbgd tm tbg

fvhdlg, `id hi ` d`x `id ` ihkbt tbgx c`i vhdg sgzgi d`xs mj

{`lahik "E`ishm(, tbgx km mi c`e~`hki {htbmwt `ix f`kk`kg, `id{bgi tbgx vgtwvi tbgx t`ag gzgvxtbhik tbgx c`i c`vvx, tbgx {g`v

sbgg~sahi `id {gvg `vegd {htb cme~mshtg fm{s `id `vvm{s) Tbgx

~v`x tm tbg jhvst `ihe`l tbgx sgg hi tbg emvihik)Q6:UQ6;U Tbg

Cwe`is, lhag tbg Fwlk`vs, {gvg `lsm aim{i tm dvhia flmmd jvme

tbghv bmvsg "tbgx {mwld cwt ` zghi( {bgi tbgx v`i mwt mj {`tgv `id {gvg j`v jvme `i `z`hl`flg smwvcg) @imtbgv

hitgvgsthik jg`twvg mj tbg Cwe`is {`s tbghv gl`fmv`tg e`sas {bhcb tbgx wsgd hi f`ttlg % tbgx {gvg sb`~gd lhag `id

{mvi mzgv tbg j`cg) @ tx~hc`l jg`twvg {gvg ewst`cbgs) Tbg tv`dhthmi`l Cwe`i cmstweg cmishstgd mj tvmwsgvs `id `

c`jt`i, g`cb j`stgigd fx ` fglt) Tbg egi sb`zgd tbg tm~ mj tbghv bg`d, {bhlg tbg vgst mj tbg b`hv {`s ~l`htgd hitm

sgzgv`l fv`hds) Tbg Cwe`is `lsm cmeemilx {mvg ~mhitgd b`ts)Q63U

Tbg e`hi `cthzhtx mj tbg Cwe`is {`s `ihe`l bwsf`idvx) Tbgx v`hsgd bmvsgs, sbgg~, km`ts, c`egls, `id c`ttlg) Hi

sweegv tbgx emzgd imvtb {htb tbghv bgvds1 hi {hitgv, smwtb) Smeg mj tbg Cwe`is lgd ` sgeh sgttlgd lhjg `id tmma ~`vt

hi tv`dhik `id j`vehik) Tbgx e`hilx smld `id gr~mvtgd `ihe`ls, emstlx bmvsgs, `id `ihe`l ~vmdwcts) Tbg Cwe`is

`lsm ~l`xgd tbg vmlg mj ehddlgegi hi tbg tv`dg fgt{ggi Fx`ithwe `id tbg G`st, {bhcb ~`ssgd tbvmwkb tbg

Cwe`i%cmitvmllgd ~mvts mj Swvmb, Mhz, `id S`asxi) Sgzgv`l l`id vmwtgs fgt{ggi Gwvm~g `id tbg Ig`v G`st v`i

tbvmwkb Cwe`i tgvvhtmvhgs? tbg _`lmixh vmwtg, tbg Smlh`ixh vmwtg, `id tbg Z`v`ikh`i vmwtg) Cwe`i

tm{isSb`vwa`i, Swbvmz, `id F`lhi`~~g`vgd hi tbg Dmigts Vhzgv F`shi1 tbgx {gvg hib`fhtgd, bm{gzgv, fx mtbgv

~gm~lgs fgshdgs tbg Cwe`is) Stmig jhkwvgs c`llgd Stmig f`f`s, {bhcb `vg jmwid tbvmwkbmwt smwtbgvi Wav`hig, {gvg

clmsglx cmiigctgd {htb tbg Cwe`i vglhkhmws cwlt mj sb`e`ihse) Tbg Cwe`is tmlgv`tgd `ll vglhkhmis `id Hsl`e `id

Cbvhsth`ihtx s~vg`d pwhcalx `emik tbge) @s tbgx {gvg clmsg tm tbg Axhz`i Vws ~vhich~`lhthgs, tbg Cwe`i ab`is `idhe~mvt`it j`ehlhgs fgk`i tm Sl`zhchg tbghv i`egs, jmv gr`e~lg, X`vmsl`z Tme`amzxcb, Blhf Txvhhgzxcb, Xwvhh

Amicb`amzxcb, `id D`ixlm Amfh`amzxcb) Wav`hih`i ~vhicglx j`ehlhgs {gvg mjtgi cmiigctgd fx e`vvh`kg {htb

Cwe`i ab`is1 tbhs lgssgigd {`vs `id cmijlhcts) Smegthegs tbg ~vhicgs `id ab`is {`kgd omhit c`e~`hkis1 jmv

gr`e~lg, hi 0660 tbgx `tt`cagd tbg tv`dhik tm{i mj Swd`a mi tbg Fl`ca Sg`, {bhcb {`s bgld fx tbg Sglowa Twvas `id

{bhcb hitgvjgvgd {htb Vws%Cwe`i tv`dg)Q02U

Ihagt`s Cbmih`tgs, {bhlg dgscvfhik ` f`ttlg hi tbg zhchihtx mj Fgvmg hi tbg l`tg 06tb cgitwvx, k`zg `i hitgvgsthik

dgscvh~thmi mj tbg ime`dhc f`ttlg tgcbihpwgs mj tbg Cwe`is? &Tbgx Qh)g) tbg Cwe`isU jmwkbt hi tbghv b`fhtw`l e`iigv,

lg`vit jvme tbghv j`tbgvs) Tbgx {mwld `tt`ca, sbmmt tbghv `vvm{s `id fgkhi tm jhkbt {htb s~g`vs) Fgjmvg lmik tbgx

{mwld twvi tbghv `tt`ca hitm jlhkbt `id hidwcg tbghv gigex tm ~wvswg tbge) Tbgi tbgx {mwld sbm{ tbghv j`cgs histg`d

mj tbghv f`cas, lhag fhvds cwtthik tbvmwkb tbg `hv, `id {mwld jhkbt j`cg tm j`cg {htb tbghv `ss`hl`its `id stvwkklg gzgiemvg fv`zglx) Tbhs tbgx {mwld dm sgzgv`l thegs, `id {bgi tbgx k`higd tbg w~~gv b`id mzgv tbg Vme`is

QFx`ithigsU, tbgx {mwld stm~ twvihik f`ca `k`hi) Tbgi tbgx {mwld dv`{ tbghv s{mvds, vglg`sg `i `~~`llhik vm`v, `id

j`ll w~mi tbg Vme`is pwhcagv tb`i ` tbmwkbt) Tbgx {mwld sghg `id e`ss`cvg tbmsg {bm jmwkbt fv`zglx `id tbmsg

{bm fgb`zgd cm{`vdlx `lhag&)Q62U

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beroehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Niketas_Choniateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seljuk_Turkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sudakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Donetshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Balinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Suhrovhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sharukanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Varangianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Solianyihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zaloznyihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saksynhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ozivhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Surozhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caftanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sheepskinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mansiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mansiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bridlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ARadzivill_Chronicle_Cumans.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Radziwi%C5%82%C5%82_Chronicle

8/2/2019 Cuman people

10/19

Cwe`i ~gm~lg 0>

Vglhkhmi

Ht hs `llgkgd tb`t tbg Cwe`is ~v`cthcgd Tgikvhihse) Tbghv fglhgj sxstge cme~vmehsgd `ihehsthc `id sb`ehihsthc

glgegits1 tbgx cglgfv`tgd tbg cwlt mj `icgstmvs `id ~vmzhdgd tbg dg`d {htb z`vhmws mfogcts {bmsg l`zhsbigss

~`v`llglgd tbg vgch~hgit+s smch`l v`ia) Tbg Cwe`is fwvhgd tbg glhtg {htb tbghv bmvsgs "lhag tbg Fwlk`vs() Cwe`i

dhzhi`thmi ~v`cthcgs wsgd `ihe`ls, gs~gch`llx tbg {mlj `id dmk) Cwe`is b`d sb`e`is {bm cmeewihc`tgd {htb tbg

s~hvht {mvld % tbgx {gvg cmiswltgd jmv pwgsthmis mj z`vhmws mwtcmegs) Q63U Tbg Awe`i ~gm~lg {gvg f`~thsgd hi 066;fx Vfgvt @vcbfhsbm~ mj Gstgvkme hi ` e`ss f`~thse hi Emld`zh` mi tbg mvdgvs mj Fmvt Ab`i, {bm s{mvg

`llgkh`icg tm Ahik @idvg{ HH mj Bwik`vx)Q68U

Hi tbg 03tb cgitwvx, tbg [gstgvi Cwe`is `dm~tgd Vme`i C`tbmlhchse "hi Bwik`vx tbgx `ll l`tgv fgc`eg C`lzhihst(

`id tbg K`k`wgs G`stgvi Mvtbmdmrx, {bhlg tbg G`stgvi Cwe`is cmizgvtgd tm Hsl`e) Tbg C`tbmlhc Dhmcgsg mj

Cwe`ih` jmwidgd hi Ehlcmz hi 066; `id hiclwdhik {b`t hs im{ Vme`ih` `id Emldmz`, vgt`higd hts thtlg withl 0763) Ht

{`s ` swjjv`k`i mj tbg @vcbdhmcgsg mj Gstgvkme hi Bwik`vx)

Lgk`cx

Cwe`i scwl~twvg hi Ab`vahz, Wav`hig)

[bhlg tbg Cwe`is {gvg kv`dw`llx `fsmvfgd hitm g`stgvi Gwvm~g`i~m~wl`thmis, tbghv tv`cg c`i sthll fg jmwid hi ~l`cgi`egs `s

{hdgs~vg`d `s tbg chtx mj Awe`imzm hi tbg Imvtbg`stgvi ~`vt mj

tbg Vg~wflhc mj E`cgdmih`1 ` Sl`zhc zhll`kg i`egd Awe`ihcbgzm

hi tbg Amstwv "A`stmvh`( dhstvhct mj Kvggcg, {bhcb {`s cb`ikgd tm

Lhtbh` `jtgv Kvggcg mft`higd tbhs tgvvhtmvx hi tbg 0803 Tvg`tx mj

Fwcb`vgst, Cmeigth hi Vme`ih`, ` zhll`kg mj Awe`ig hi Sgvfh`,

Cme`i` hi Dmfvmkg` "`lsm Vme`ih`( `id tbg se`ll zhll`kg mj

Awe`ihtg hi Fwlk`vh`) Dgfvgcgi hi Bwik`vx)

@s tbg Emikmls ~wsbgd {gst{`vds `id dgz`st`tgd tbghv st`tg, emst

mj tbg Cwe`is jlgd tm tbg Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg `s tbgx {gvg e`omv

ehlht`vx `llhgs) Tbg Fwlk`vh`i Ts`v Hz`i%@sgi HH "{bm {`s

dgscgidgd jvme Cwe`is( sgttlgd tbge hi tbg smwtbgvi ~`vts mj tbg

cmwitvx, fmvdgvhik tbg L`thi Ge~hvg `id tbg Tbgss`llmiha`i

Dgs~mt`tg) Tbmsg tgvvhtmvhgs `vg hi ~vgsgit%d`x Twvahsb Gwvm~g,

Fwlk`vh` `id tbg Vg~wflhc mj E`cgdmih`) Tbg Cwe`is `lsm sgttlgd

hi Bwik`vx `id b`d tbghv m{i sglj%kmzgviegit tbgvg hi ` tgvvhtmvx

tb`t fmvg tbghv i`eg, Awisk, tb`t swvzhzgd withl tbg 08tb cgitwvx)

T{m vgkhmis % Lhttlg Cwe`ih` `id Kvg`tgv Cwe`ih` grhst hi

Bwik`vx) Tbg i`eg mj tbg Cwe`is "Awi( hs sthll ~vgsgvzgd hicmwitx i`egs swcb `s Fcs%Ahsawi `id Os%I`kxawi%Smlima

`id tm{i i`egs swcb `s Ahsawib`l`s, Awisgitehals) Tbg

ewihch~`lhtx mj Awe`i hi tbg Jhgv Dhstvhct, Jhgv Cmwitx,

smwtb{gstgvi @lf`ih` hs ` lgk`cx mj tbg Cwe`is) `s {gll `s Ae`i, ` ewihch~`lhtx hi @gvf`ho`i)

Tbg Cwe`is {gvg mvk`ihgd hitm jmwv tvhfgs hi Bwik`vx? Amlf`s-Ml`s hi w~~gv Cwe`ih` `vmwid A`vc`k, `id tbg

mtbgv tbvgg hi lm{gv Cwe`ih`)

Wijmvtwi`tglx, tbg Cwe`i l`ikw`kg dhs`~~g`vgd jvme Bwik`vx hi tbg 0;tb mv 02tb cgitwvx "0;;>=(, ~msshflx

jmllm{hik tbg Twvahsb mccw~`thmi) Tbghv 08tb cgitwvx fhmkv`~bgv, Kxvjs Hstzi, hi 02;> {`s mj tbg m~hihmi tb`t

tbgx mvhkhi`llx s~mag Bwik`vh`i, tmkgtbgv {htb tbg H`xkgs ~m~wl`thmi) Dgs~htg tbhs ehst`ag, bg b`s tbg fgst mzgvzhg{

mi tbg swfogct cmicgvihik dgt`hls mj e`tgvh`l wsgd)

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iazygeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kunszentmikl%C3%B3shttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kiskunhalashttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A1sz-Nagykun-Szolnokhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B%C3%A1cs-Kiskunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kuns%C3%A1ghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Debrecenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Romaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dobrogeahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Comana%2C_Constan%C5%A3ahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Serbiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kumanehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Romaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Com%C4%83ne%C5%9Ftihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Macedoniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kumanovohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3A%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%83.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Archdiocese_of_Esztergomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moldovahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Romaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milcovhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diocese_of_Cumaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diocese_of_Cumaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Orthodoxyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gagauzeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calvinisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholicismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrew_II_of_Hungaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moldaviahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Archbishop_of_Esztergomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tengriism

8/2/2019 Cuman people

11/19

Cwe`i ~gm~lg 00

Hi `ddhthmi, tm~mixes mj Cwe`i l`ikw`kg mvhkhi c`i fg jmwid hi smeg Vme`ih`i cmwithgs mj Z`slwh `id K`l`h,

hiclwdhik tbg i`egs mj fmtb cmwithgs)

[bgi smeg mj tbg Cwe`is emzgd tm Bwik`vx, tbgx fvmwkbt {htb tbge tbghv dmks % tbg Amemidmv dmks, {bhcb b`s

fgcmeg mig mj tbg i`thmi`l dmks mj Bwik`vx)

Hi tbg cmwitvhgs {bgvg tbg Cwe`is {gvg `sshehl`tgd, j`ehlx swvi`egs dgvhzgd jvme tbg {mvds jmv &Cwe`i& "swcb `s

cme`i mv awi, &awe`i&( `vg imt wicmeemi) Tv`cgs mj tbg Cwe`is `vg tbg Fwlk`vh`i swvi`egs Awigz mv Awe`imz"jgehihig Awigz`, Awe`imz`(, hts E`cgdmih`i z`vh`its Awigzsah, Awe`imzsah "jgehihig Awe`imzsa`(, `id tbg

{hdgs~vg`d Bwik`vh`i swvi`eg Awi) Tbg i`egs &Cme`i& hi Vme`ih` `id hts dgvhz`thzgs bm{gzgv dm imt `~~g`v tm

b`zg `ix cmiigcthmi tm tbg egdhgz`l Cwe`is, `s ht {`s wivgcmvdgd withl zgvx vgcgit thegs `id tbg ~l`cgs {htb tbg

bhkbgst jvgpwgicx mj swcb i`egs b`s imt ~vmdwcgd `ix `vcb`gmlmkhc`l gzhdgicg mj Cwe`i sgttlgegit)Q3>U @ kgigthc

stwdx {`s dmig mi Cwe`i fwvh`ls {htbhi Bwik`vx `id ht {`s dgtgvehigd tb`t tbgx b`d swfst`ith`llx emvg {gstgvi

Gwv`sh`i ehtmcbmidvh`l DI@ lhig`kgs)Q30U Hi ` stwdx fx Fmk`csh%S`fm, Gvha`) gt `l) "6>>7( mj tbg etDI@

"Ehtmcbmidvh`l DI@( mj tbg Cwe`i ime`d ~m~wl`thmi tb`t ehkv`tgd hitm tbg C`v~`tbh`i f`shi dwvhik tbg 03tb

cgitwvx, shr b`~lmkvmw~s {gvg vgzg`lgd) &Mig mj tbgsg b`~lmkvmw~s fglmiks tm tbg E lhig`kg "b`~lmkvmw~ D( `id hs

cb`v`ctgvhsthc mj G`stgvi @sh`, fwt tbhs hs tbg sgcmid emst jvgpwgit b`~lmkvmw~ hi smwtbgvi Shfgvh` tmm) @ll tbg mtbgv

b`~lmkvmw~s "B, Z, W, W3, `id OT( `vg [gst Gwv`sh`i, fglmikhik tm tbg I e`cvmb`~lmkvmw~) Mwt mj tbg glgzgivge`his, jmwv s`e~lgs fglmikgd tm b`~lmkvmw~ B, t{m tm b`~lmkvmw~ W, t{m tm b`~lmkvmw~ Z, `id mig g`cb tm tbg OT,

W3, `id D b`~lmkvmw~s) Hi cme~`vhsmi tm tbg Cwe`is, emdgvi Bwik`vh`i s`e~lgs vg~vgsgit 07 b`~lmkvmw~s) @ll fwt

mig hs ` [gst Gwv`sh`i b`~lmkvmw~ Qtbg vge`hihik mig hs G`st @sh`i "b`~lmkvmw~ J(U, fwt `ll fglmik tm tbg I lhig`kg)

Jmwv b`~lmkvmw~s "B, Z, W/, OT(, ~vgsgit hi tbg `ichgit s`e~lgs, c`i `lsm fg jmwid hi tbg emdgvi Bwik`vh`is, fwt

milx jmv b`~lmkvmw~s B `id Z {gvg hdgithc`l b`~lmtx~gs jmwid) B`~lmkvmw~s W3 `id D mccwv grclwshzglx hi tbg

`ichgit kvmw~, `id 00 b`~lmkvmw~s "BZ, W4, W7, A, O, O0`, T, T0, T6, [, `id J( mccwv milx hi tbg emdgvi Bwik`vh`i

~m~wl`thmi) B`~lmkvmw~ jvgpwgicx hi tbg emdgvi Bwik`vh`i ~m~wl`thmi hs shehl`v tm mtbgv Gwvm~g`i ~m~wl`thmis,

`ltbmwkb b`~lmkvmw~ J hs `lemst `fsgit hi cmithigit`l Gwvm~g1 tbgvgjmvg tbg ~vgsgicg mj tbhs b`~lmkvmw~ hi tbg

emdgvi Bwik`vh`i ~m~wl`thmi c`i vgjlgct smeg ~`st cmitvhfwthmi)&Q36U &Tbg vgswlts swkkgstgd tb`t tbg Cwe`ih`is, `s

sggi hi tbg grc`z`thmi `t Csgikglg, {gvg j`v jvme kgigthc bmemkgightx) Igzgvtbglgss, tbg kv`zg `vthj`cts `vg tx~hc`lmj tbg Cwe`ih`i stg~~g cwltwvg1 `id jhzg mj tbg shr saglgtmis tb`t {gvg cme~lgtg gimwkb jmv `itbvm~megtvhc `i`lxshs

`~~g`vgd @sh`i v`tbgv tb`i Gwvm~g`i "Bmvztb 08;2, 6>>0(, hiclwdhik t{m jvme tbg ehtmcbmidvh`l b`~lmkvmw~ B,

{bhcb hs tx~hc`llx Gwvm~g`i) Ht hs hitgvgsthik tb`t tbg milx saglgtmi jmv {bhcb `itbvm~mlmkhc`l gr`ehi`thmi hidhc`tgd `

~`vtlx Gwvm~g`i `icgstvx {`s tb`t mj tbg cbhgjt`hi, {bmsg b`~lmtx~g hs emst jvgpwgitlx jmwid hi tbg F`la`is)&)Q36U

Tbg Cwe`is `~~g`v hi Vws cwltwvg hi Tbg T`lg mj Hkmv+s C`e~`hki `id `vg tbg Vws+ ehlht`vx gigehgs hi @lgr`idgv

Fmvmdhi+s m~gv`^vhicg Hkmv, {bhcb jg`twvgs ` sgt mj &^mlmztsh`i D`icgs&)

Tbg i`eg Cwe`i hs sthll tbg i`eg mj sgzgv`l zhll`kgs hi dhjjgvgit ~`vts mj Twvagx, swcb `s Awe`il`v, hiclwdhik tbg

Fl`ca Sg` vgkhmi)

K`llgvx

Cwe`i st`twg, 06tb c), Lwk`isa &F`f`& 00tb c),

Lwk`isa

&F`f`& 00tb c),

Lwk`isa

&F`f`& 00tb c),

Lwk`isa

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Tale_of_Igor%27s_Campaignhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alexander_Borodinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Operahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prince_Igorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Polovtsian_Danceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_030.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_27.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_27.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_27.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_0084.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_030.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_27.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_0084.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_030.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_27.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_0084.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_030.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_27.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_0084.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_030.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_27.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_0084.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_010.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_030.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_27.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_0084.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_010.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_030.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_27.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_0084.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_010.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_030.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_27.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_0084.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_010.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_030.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_27.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_0084.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_010.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_030.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_27.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_0084.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_0084.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_27.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_030.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_010.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Polovtsian_Danceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prince_Igorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Operahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alexander_Borodinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alexander_Borodinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Tale_of_Igor%27s_Campaignhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Komondorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gala%C5%A3i_Countyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vaslui_Countyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cuman_language

8/2/2019 Cuman people

12/19

Cwe`i ~gm~lg 06

&F`f`& 00tb c), Lwk`isa &F`f`& 00tb c), Lwk`isa Ah~cb`a, 06tb c)

Bgveht`kg

Ewsgwe

&F`f`& `t tbg M~gi @hv Ewsgwe,

^vglgsig

Cbmvewabhisa

E`dmii`,

Lwk`isa

Cwe`i Stmig st`twg &f`f`& t

Dmigtsa

Cwe`i Stmig

st`twg &f`f`&

Cwe`i Stmig

st`twg &f`f`&

L`dhsl`s HZ mj Bwik`vx,

04tb cgitwvx

L`dhsl`ws HZ mj Bwik`vx

"tbg Cwe`i(

Glh`fgtb tbg Cwe`i egdhgzgl

sg`l

Awiagvgst "&Cwe`i

cvmss&( hi Fglg,

~gvh~bgvx mj

E`kx`vcs`id, Bwik`vx)

Cwe`i stmig st`twgs

&f`f`s&

Ah~cb`a stmig

st`twg hi

Lwk`isa,

Wav`hig

Cwe`i ~v`hvhg

`vt, `s grbhfhtgd

hi

Dih~vm~gtvmzsa

Cwe`is hi Bwik`vx

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AMongolsInHungary1285.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3APolovtsy.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dnipropetrovskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_15.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ukrainehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luganskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3APolovets_baba_GIM.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AKunkereszt_Belez.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AAlzbetaKumanska_kralovna.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AKunlaszlo.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AKuman_Hlava.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AKipchap_art_25dec09_3030.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_18.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ADonetsk_kipchak_baba.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AKipchak_baba_001.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3APrelesne_0007.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AStatua_polovesiana_del_figlio_di_kipchak%2C_XII_sec.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_31.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ABaba_15.jpg

8/2/2019 Cuman people

13/19

Cwe`i ~gm~lg 03

J`emws mv imt`flg Cwe`is, mv ~gm~lg mj Cwe`i dgscgit, hi bhstmvx

Pwtf%wd%dhi @hf`a % jmwidgv mj tbg Dglbh swlt`i`tg

Ab`i Fmih`a "E`ih`a(, bg lgd tbg hiz`shmis mi Ahgz`i Vws+) Hi 0>8: Fmih`a tt`cagd Ahgz, ~lwidgvgd tbg Ahgz

Emi`stgvx mj tbg C`zgs, `id fwvigd dm{i tbg ~vhicg+s ~`l`cg hi Fgvgstmzm

Ab`i Atgi "mv Swtmhmzxcb(, Estxsl`z Estxsl`zxcb+s j`tbgv%hi%l`{, jmwkbt hi tbg {`v `k hist tbg Emikmls "`llhgd

{htb tbg Vwssh`is(1 lgd 4>>>> &bwts& "j`ehlhgs( tm Bwik`vx, tm gsc`~g jvme tbg Emikmls, {bgvg bg {`s l`tgv`ss`sshi`tgd) Tbg Cwe`is tbgi gehkv`tgd tm tbg Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg) Smeg mj tbg Cwe`is {gvg l`tgv c`llgd

f`ca tm Bwik`vx) Bg {`s ~msshflx tbg emst imt`flg mj Cwe`is "tmkgtbgv {htb F`hf`vs() @llgkgdlx dgscgidgd jvme

tbg Cwe`i Tgvtgvmf` cl`i

Ab`i Amicb`a, hizmlzgd hi { vs `id v`hds {htb tbg Vwssh`is "^vhicg Hkmv(, `lmik tbg Vms Vhzgv, {bgvg tbg

Cwe`is `tt`cagd tm{is fglmikhik tm tbg Mlkmzhcbh "tbg vwlhik dxi`stx mj Cbgvihkmz(

@tv`k`, D`kgst`i, bg lgd ` tvhfg mj 4>>>> tm Kgmvkh` "cmwld b`zg fggi ghtbgv ` Ah~cb`a mv Cwe`i,mv ehrgd, hts

wicgvt`hi(

@at`x, {`s hi Gkx~t, ahllgd fx Pwtw "cmwld b`zg ghtbgv fggi ` Cwe`i, Ah~cb`a mv ehrgd(

@xfga, {`s hi Gkx~t, ahllgd fx Pwtw "cmwld b`zg ghtbgv fggi ` Cwe`i, Ah~cb`a mv ehrgd(

Swlt`i F`hf`vs "&{bhtg fhkc`t%Shfgvh`i Thkgv&-&lgm~`vd& hi Twvahc(, E`elwag Ge~hvg,jmwidgv mj tbg F`bvhdxi`stx1 bg {`s mig mj tbg cmee`idgvs mj tbg jmvcgs {bhcb hijlhctgd ` dgz`st`thik dgjg`t mi tbg Sgzgitb Cvws`dg

mj Ahik Lmwhs HR mj Jv`icg `id bg lgd tbg z`ikw`vd mj tbg Gkx~th`i `vex `t tbg F`ttlg mj @hi O`lwt hi 06:>1 bg

{`s ~msshflx tbg emst j`emws Cwe`i

Fgs`v`f-F`s`v f, jhvst vwlgv-ahik mj [`ll`cbh`, smi mj Thbmehv "ht {`s ghtbgv bg mv bhs j tbgv {bm jmwidgd

[`ll`cbh`-Fgs`v`fh`

F`xtwvswi, D`kgst i "wicgvt`hitx {bgtbgv bg {`s ` Cwe`i mv Ah~cb`a mv ehrgd(

Kmvkmv, Kgmvkh` "wicgvt`hitx {bgtbgv bg {`s ` Cwe`i, Ah~cb`a mv ehrgd(

Tmatgehvws, ahikdme mj [ ll`cbh`

F`tcbe`i, mig mj tbg emst z`lh`it cbhgjs mj tbg Cwe`i%Ah~cb`as dwvhik tbg Emikml hiz`shmi, {bm fglmikgd tm

tbg tvhfg Mlglvha) Bg {`s ` cmist`it smwvcg mj tvmwflg jmv tbg Emikmls Sgzhic, D`kgst`i % {git {htb 4>,>>> ~gm~lg `id tbg j`ehlx mj @vtzhi%Tv`fmi smeg{bgvg fgt{ggi tbg Kvgga

st`tg "wicgvt`hitx {bgtbgv bg {`s ` Cwe`i, Ah~cb`a mv ehrgd(

`v`k` "xgllm{ b`eegv(, Cvheg` % mvk`ihgd sl`zg tv`dg "wicgvt`hitx {bgtbgv bg {`s ` Cwe`i mv Ah~cb`a mv

ehrgd(

Twe`if`x-Dwe`ifgx, F`la`is

Agegicbg, Bwik vx % ss`sshi`thmi `ttge~t mi tbg ahik mj Bwik`vx1 bg {`s c`wkbt id grgcwtgd

Awf`s`v, Kgmvkh "wicgvt`hitx {bgtbgv bg {`s ` Cwe`i mv Ah~cb`a mv ehrgd

Awtlw @sl i "b`~~x lhmi hi Twvahsb( % Awf`s`v+s cmw~= {`s mvk`ihgd fx ` ig{ e`i`kgegit vmlg)

Pwtw, Swlt i mj Gkx~t "E`elwag Ge~hvg(1 wicgvt hitx {bgtbgv bg {`s ` Cwe`i mv Ah~cb`a, mv ehrgd

Am~x`a-A~ga "dmk hi Twvahsb(, mig mj tbg lg`dgvs hi Cvheg` "wicgvt`hitx {bgtbgv bg {`s ` Cwe`i mv Ah~cb`a,mv ehrgd(

Ab`i Amfx`a, hizmlzgd hi {`vs `id v`hds {htb tbg Vwssh`is "^vhicg Hkmv(, `lmik tbg Vms Vhzgv, {bgvg tbg Cwe`is

`tt`cagd tm{is fglmikhik tm tbg Mlkmzhcbh "tbg vwlhik dxi`stx mj Cbgvihkmz()

A`l zwi, Gkx~t "E`elwag Ge~hvg(

T`~`v "{mvsbh~ hi Twvahsb(, smwtbgvi emdgvi d`x Vwssh` &Dhvgct tv isl`thmi jvme Twvahsb? tbg mvk`ih`thmi

gst`flhsbgd tbg jhvst Ah~cb`a Ah~cb`a l`dx) Lmikhtwdhi`l Glfvhlh fglmiks) "wicgvt`hitx {bgtbgv bg {`s ` Cwe`i

mv Ah~cb`a, mv ehrgd(

@af`, Vme`ih -[`ll`cbh

@aaw, Vme`ih -[`ll cbh`

ml~`i, Vme`ih -[`ll cbh`

Tmlwit x, Vme`ih -[`ll cbh`

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutuzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baibarshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Konchakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=K%C3%B6tenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boniakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qutb-ud-din_Aibak

8/2/2019 Cuman people

14/19

Cwe`i ~gm~lg 04

^`x`idwv, Vme`ih -[`ll`cbh`

Twt va`i, Vme`ih -[`ll`cbh

Fgvah, Vme`ih -[`ll cbh`

F`lha`"F`la(, F`la`is, Dmfvh+s j`tbgv

Dmfvh, F`la`is, hizmlzgd {htb gst`flhsbegit mj Dwfvmziha st`tg hi tbg F`la`is

Fw` "Fm (, Vme`ih`-[`ll`cbh`

tgeh, Vme`ih -[`ll cbh`

Bwlwswe`i, wicgvt hitx {bgtbgv bg {`s ` Cwe`i mv Ah~cb`a, mv ehrgd

Tmkmvt`c

Sb`v k`s-Sb`v k`i, wicgvt hitx {bgtbgv bg {`s ` Cwe`i mv Ah~cb`a mv ehrgd

F`vt, Bwik`vx, cbhgj mj Cwe`is

Egefvma, Bwik`vx, cbhgj mj Cwe`is

Pwtf `d%Dhi @hfgk, jmwidgv mj tbg Dglbh swlt`i tg, {`s ` Cwe`i1 vgdggegd jvme sl`zgvx fx @jkb`i sb`b

E`bewd Kbwvh, bg fgc`eg bhs kmzgvimv hi Dglbh `id ~vmcl`hegd hidg~gidgicg `jtgv tbg dg`tb mj bhs ~`tvmi)

Glh`fgtb tbg Cwe`i

L`dhsl`ws HZ mj Bwik`vx E`vx mj Bwik`vx, Pwggi mj I`~lgs

@ii` mj Bwik`vx "06:>0620(

Glhs fgtb "06770303-036:(, d`wkbtgv mj Glh`fgtb tbg Cwe`i `id Stg~bgi, {hjg jhvstlx mj _zh mj J`lagitgoi

`id sgcmidlx mj Ahik Stgj`i Wvm HH Ehlwthi mj Sgvfh`

C`tbgvhig "0677-067; `jtgv 0304(, d`wkbtgv mj Glh`fgtb tbg Cwe`i, {hjg mj Ahik Stgj`i Dv`kwthi mj Sgvfh`

E v h "c) 067; 67 E`vcb 0367(, d`wkbtgv mj Glh`fgtb tbg Cwe`i, {hjg mj Ahik Cb`vlgs HH mj I`~lgs

@ii` "c) 06:> c) 0620(, d`wkbtgv mj Glh`fgtb tbg Cwe`i, {hjg mj tbg Ge~gvmv @idvmihams HH ^`l`hmlmkms

@idvg{, smi mj Glh`fgtb tbg Cwe`i, Dwag mj Sl`zmih` "06:206;2(

Glh fgtb mj Shchlx, Pwggi mj Bwik`vx "Tvmwflg {htb Cwe`is(

Glh`fgtb mj Bwik`vx, Pwggi mj Sgvfh` %mig mj tbg mldgv cbhldvgi mj Ahik Stg~bgi Z mj Bwik`vx id bhs {hjgGlh`fgtb tbg Cwe`i

Ombi Bwix`dh % % Bg b`d sw~~msgdlx T`t v%Cwe`i mvhkhi, fgc`wsg bhs icgstmvs b`d T`vt v%Cwe`i i`egs

Ehcb`gl HR ^ l`hmlmkms "0; @~vhl 06;; 06 Mctmfgv 036>(, d`wkbtgv mj @ii` % {bm {`s ` d`wkbtgv mj Glh`fgtb

tbg Cwe`i

Cmist ithig ^`l`hmlmkms, dgs~mtgs "c) 06;20337(, smi mj @ii` % {bm {`s ` d`wkbtgv mj Glh`fgtb tbg Cwe`i

Ts`v Hz`i @sgi H mj tbg Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg, gst`flhsbgd tbg Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg, {htb tbg bgl~ mj bhs

Cwe`i `llhgs) Jhvst ge~gvmv mj tbg ig{ ge~hvg) Tbg @sgi dxi`stx hs mj Cwe`i mvhkhi, `s {gll `s tbg Tgvtgv

dxi`stx-cl`i"{bhcb Awtbgi {`s ~`vt mj( `id tbg Sbhsbe`i dxi`stx

Fmvhl mj Fwlk vh` "Fmvhl A`lhe`i(, 06>;0602, Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg

Ts v Tgmdmv H ^gtgv HZ, 002:008;, Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg Ts`v Hz`i @sgi HH mj tbg Sgcmid Fwlk`vh i Ge~hvg, 06020640

Ts`v Hz`i Stg~bgi Sbhsbe`i, mj tbg Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg, smi mj Ehcb`gl HHH Sbhsbe`i "cmijwshmi {bgtbgv

tbg i`eg Sbhsbe`i hs Cwe`i mv Fwlk`vh`i hi mvhkhi(

Ts`v A`lmx`i, Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg, dgjg`tgd tbg cvws`dgvs {htb tbg bgl~ mj bhs Cwe`is, c`~twvgd F ld{hi

Ts`v A lhe`i H mj Fwlk`vh` "A`lhe`i @sgi( mj tbg Sgcmid Fwlk`vh i Ge~hvg

Ts`v Cmist ithig Thab mj Fwlk`vh ,067;06;;

Ts`v Ehcb`gl @sgi H mj Fwlk`vh , Sgcmid Fwlk`vh i Ge~hvg

Ts`v Ehcb`gl @sgi HH mj Fwlk`vh , Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg

Ts`v Ehcb`gl @sgi HHH mj Fwlk`vh , Sgcmid Fwlk vh`i Ge~hvg

Ts`v Ehcb`gl @sgi HZ j Fwlk`vh`, Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg Ts`v A`lhe`i @sgi HH mj Fwlk`vh`, Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kaliman_Asen_II_of_Bulgariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michael_Asen_IV_%D0%BEf_Bulgariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michael_Asen_III_of_Bulgariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michael_Asen_II_of_Bulgariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michael_Asen_I_of_Bulgariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constantine_Tikh_of_Bulgariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kaliman_I_of_Bulgariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kaloyanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Stephenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Asen_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Teodor_I_Peter_IVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boril_of_Bulgariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shishman_dynastyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kuthenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terter_dynasty/clanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terter_dynasty/clanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asen_dynastyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Asen_Ihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michael_IX_Palaiologoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Hunyadihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_of_Hungary%2C_Queen_of_Serbiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_of_Sicily%2C_Queen_of_Hungary%23Trouble_with_the_Cumanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_of_Sicily%2C_Queen_of_Hungaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anna_of_Hungary_%281260%E2%80%931281%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary_of_Hungary%2C_Queen_of_Napleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ladislaus_IV_of_Hungaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_the_Cumanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ragusa

8/2/2019 Cuman people

15/19

Cwe`i ~gm~lg 07

Ts`v Ehtsm @sgi mj tbg Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg

Ts`v Hz`i @sgi HHH mj tbg Sgcmid Fwlk vh`i Ge~hvg

Ts`v Kgmvkg Tgvtgv H mj tbg Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg, dgscgidgd jvme tbg Cwe`i Tgvtgvmf` cl`i

Ts`v Kgmvkg Tgvtgv HH mj tbg Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg, dgscgidgd jvme tbg Cwe`i Tgvtgvmf` cl`i

Ts`vEhcb`gl HHH Sbhsbe`i mj tbg Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg "cmijwshmi {bgtbgv tbg i`eg Sbhsbe`i hs Cwe`i mv

Fwlk`vh`i hi mvhkhi(

Ts`v Tbgmdmvg Szgtmsl`z mj tbg Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg, smi mj Kgmvkg Tgvtgv H

Ts`v Hz`i @lgr`idgv mj tbg Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg, dgscgidgd mj tbg @sgi, Tgvtgv `id Sbhsbe`i dxi`sthgs)

[`s Ts`v dwvhik tbg sgcmid kmldgi `kg mj Fwlk`vh` "i`~bg{ mj Ehcb`gl Sbhsbe`i(

Hz`i Sbhsbe`i mj Fwlk`vh` "f) 037>-0370, vwlgd 03;00387 hi T`vimzm(

Ts`v Hz`i Sbhsbe`i mj tbg Sgcmid Fwlk`vh i Ge~hvg) jmwvtb smi mj Hz`i @lgr`idgv

Ts`v Hz`i Stv tshehv mj Fwlk`vh`, Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg

Ts`v Fmvhl mj Fwlk`vh , Sgcmid Fwlk`vh`i Ge~hvg, dgscgidgd jvme Cwe`is tbvmwkb tbg @sgi dxi`stx mj Fwlk`vh`

% mj Cwe`i mvhkhi

Cmist`ithig HH, 038:0466, s~git emst mj bhs lhjg hi grhlg) Emst bhstmvh`is dm imt hiclwdg bhe hi tbg lhst mj tbg

Fwlk`vh`i emi`vcbs Hz`i Sv`tshehv mj Fwlk`vh "f) 0364-0367, vwlgd 037:038; hi Zhdhi(

Fgl`wv mj Zhdhi, 033: "Sbhsbe`i dxi`stx(

Cmist ithig HH mj Fwlk`vh` "f) g`vlx 03;>s, vwlgd 038;0466 hi Zhdhi `id hi grhlg(

D`ve`i `id Awdglhi % Fwlk`vh`is mj Cwe`i mvhkhi

Pwggi Dmvmtbg` mj Fmsih`

@sgi "Msgi(, dhgd 0>26, emst ~vmf`flx kv`idj`tbgv mj tbg d`wkbtgv mj @x`~` "@g~`(, {bm fgc`eg tbg {hjg mj

Owvho, smi mj ~vhicg Zl`dhehv, 00>;) @x`~` {`s ghtbgv tbg smi mv smi hi l`{ mj @sgi "Msgi(

@sgi "`imtbgv(, tmkgtbgv {htb ~vhicg S`a, { s c`~twvgd fx ~vhicg Zl`dhehv Emime`ab hi 0>8:

Vme`ih`i fmx`v+s cl`i @s`i % smeg egfgvs mj tbg Fwlk`vh i @sgi j`ehlx gitgvgd Fx`ithig sgvzhcg hi tbg 03tb tm

04tb cgitwvhgs, `id tbg dgscgidgits mj tbgsg Fx`ithig @sgihds {gvg tbg fmx`v cl`i mj @s`i Tbg Tgvtgvmf , @vsl`i`~`, id Wvsmf` cl`is

Dmfvmthts` % cmishdgvgd tm fg imflg ahidvgd mj tbg Tgvtgv dxi`stx, vwlgv mj tbg Dgs~mt`tg mj Dmfvwo`

Zl`d HHH, &Zl`d tbg He~`lgv&, vwlgv mj [ ll`cbh`, Bmwsg mj Dvcwlgth "fv`icb mj tbg Bmwsg mj F`s v`f(

Tbg Tgvtgvmf , @vsl`i`~`, id Wvsmf` cl`is

Dmfvmthts` % cmishdgvgd tm fg imflg ahidvgd mj tbg Tgvtgv dxi`stx, vwlgv mj tbg Dgs~mt`tg mj Dmfvwo`

Sbhsbe`i mj Zhdhi

L`dx C lhihc`

Ihcbml s @lgr`idgv mj [`ll`cbh`

Tbmcmegvhws-Thbmehv mj [`ll`cbh`, j`tbgv mj F`s`v`f) Tbg Bwik`vh`i Lsl Vsmixh dgvhzgs tbg i`eg jvme `

{gll%aim{i Cwe`i `id T`t`v i`eg, Tmp%tehv "b`vdgigd stggl( Gzgvx vwlgv jvme tbg [ ll`cbh`i Bmwsg mj Digth, {bhcb {`s mig mj tbg t{m e`hi lhig`kgs mj tbg [`ll`cbh`i

imflg j`ehlx Bmwsg mj F`s`v`f) Tbgx {gvg dgscgidgd jvme D`i H mj [`ll`cbh`) Tbg mtbgv lhig`kg mj tbg F`s`v`fs

hs tbg Bmwsg mj Dvcwlgth

Tbg Bmwsg mj Dvcwlgth {gvg mig mj t{m e`omv vhz`l lhigs mj [`ll`cbh`i zmhzmdgs mj tbg Bmwsg mj F`s v`f, tbg

mtbgv fghik tbg Digth) Tbg jmllm{hik vwlgvs mj tbg Bmwsg mj Dvcwlgth `vg mj Cwe`i dgscgit?

Zl`d HH Dv`cwl 043:%0446, 0443044;1 smi mj Ehvcg` cgl Ftvi

Ehvcg` HH 04461 smi mj Zl`d HH

Zl`d HHH Dvcwlg`, &Zl`d tbg He~`lgv&, 0442, 047:04:6, 04;:1 smi mj Zl`d HH

V`dw cgl Jvwems 04:6%04;3, 04;41 smi mj Zl d HH

Zl`d Clwkvwl 0420, 042604871 smi mj Zl`d HH V`dw cgl E`vg 0487%07>21 smi mj Zl d Clwkvwl

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Radu_cel_Marehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vlad_C%C4%83lug%C4%83rulhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Radu_cel_Frumoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vlad_the_Impalerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vlad_III_Dr%C4%83culeahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mircea_II_1442http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vlad_II_Draculhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=House_of_Dr%C4%83cule%C8%99tihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=House_of_D%C4%83ne%C8%99tihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thocomeriushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nicholas_Alexander_of_Wallachiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lady_Calinicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shishman_of_Vidinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vlad_the_Impalerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dorothea_of_Bulgariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Darman_and_Kudelinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constantine_II_of_Bulgariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tsardom_of_Vidinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Sratsimir_of_Bulgariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constantine_II_of_Bulgariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boril_of_Bulgariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Stratsimir_of_Bulgariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Shishmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Alexanderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Theodore_Svetoslavhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michael_III_Shishmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George_Terter_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George_Terter_Ihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Asen_IIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mitso_Asen

8/2/2019 Cuman people

16/19

Cwe`i ~gm~lg 0:

Ehbig` cgl Vw 07>2%07>81 smi mj Zl`d HHH

Ehvcg HHH Dv cwl 070>1 smi mj Ehbig` cgl Vw

Zl`d cgl Tiv 070>%07061 smi mj Zl`d Clwkvwl

V`dw dg l` @jwe h 0766%0763, 0764, 07640767, 076707681 smi mj V`dw cgl E`vg

V`dw Fdhc` 0763%07641 smi mj V`dw cgl E`vg

Zl`d igc`twl 073>%07361 smi mj Zl d cgl Tiv

Zl`d Zhithl dg l Sl`thi` 0736%0734, 073407371 smi mj V`dw cgl E`vg

V`dw hshg 0734, 073707471 smi mj V`dw cgl E`vg

Ehvcg` tbg Sbg~bgvd 0747%0776, 07730774, 077207781 smi mj V`dw cgl E`vg

^tv cw cgl Fwi 0774%07721 smi mj V`dw ^ hshg

^gtvw cgl Tiv 0778%07:21 smi mj Ehvcg` tbg Sbg~bgvd

@lgr`idvw HH Ehvcg` 07:2%07;4, 07;407;;1 smi mj Ehvcg` HHH Dv`cwl

Zhithl 07;41 smi mj ^tv cw cgl Fwi

Ehbig` Twvchtwl 07;;%0723, 072707801 smi mj @lgr`idvw HH Ehvcg`

^gtvw Cgvcgl 0723%07271 smi mj ^tv`cw cgl Fwi

Ehb`h Zhtg`wl 0783%0:>>1 ~msshflx ` smi mj ^tv`cw cgl Fwi

Imtgs

Q0U Lmg{gitb l, Vwdmlj "087;() Tbg Twvahc L`ikw`kgs `id Lhtgv`twvgs mj Cgitv`l @sh`? @ Fhflhmkv`~bx "btt~?--fmmas) kmmklg) cme-

fmmas=hd5E:cS@@@@H@@O*p5twvahc! awe`il`v*dp5twvahc! awe`il`v*lv5* bl5gi* ~khs50() Emwtmi) ) Vgtvhgzgd 6>>2%>3%63)

Q6U Gicxclm~dh` Fvht`iihc` Milhig % Cwe`i "btt~?--{{{)fvht`iihc`) cme-gf-`vthclg%8>620;4-Cwe`i(

Q3U Mrjmvd Dhcthmi vx mj Fx`ithwe, ~) 7:3

Q4U Vmfgvt Lgg [mljj? &Tbg +Sgcmid Fwlk`vh i Ge~hvg)+ Hts Mvhkhi `id Bhstmvx tm 06>4& S~gcwlwe, Zmlweg 64, Hsswg 6 "@~vhl 0848(, 0;81

Tbgvg`jtgv, tbg hijlwr mj ^gcbgigks `id Cwe`is twvigd Fwlk`vh` hitm ` f`ttlgkvmwid fgt{ggi Fx`ithwe `id tbgsg Twvahsb tvhfgs))))

Q7U F`vtwshs, E`va C), Tbg L`tg Fx`ithig @vex? @ves `id Smchgtx, 06>4%0473, "Wihzgvshtx mj ^giisxlz`ih` ^vgss, 0886(, 6:1 &@vmwid 0638 `

l`vkg kvmw~ mj Cwe`is%% ` Twvahc ~gm~lg mj tbg stg~~gs))))&)

Q:U S~high, Zhctmv "6>>8() Tbg Vme`ih`is `id tbg Twvahc ime`ds imvtb mj tbg D`iwfg Dglt` jvme tbg tgitb tm tbg ehd%tbhvtggitb cgitwvx ) Lghdgi?

Fvhll) ~)00:)

Q;U &Cwe`i "~gm~lg(& "btt~?--{{{)fvht`iihc`) cme-GFcbgcagd-tm~hc-04:3:8-Cwe`i()Fvht`iihc` Milhig Gicxclm~gdh`) ) Vgtvhgzgd

6>00%>4%03)

Q2U &Cwe`is& "btt~?--{{{)gicxclm~gdh`mjwav`hig) cme-~`kgs-C-W-Cwe`is)bte() Gicxclm~gdh`mjwav`hig)cme) ) Vgtvhgzgd 6>00%>4%03)

Q8U Cwe`is `id T`t vs, ~k ;

Q0>U Hstzi Zsvx "6>>7( Cwe`is `id T`t`vs, C`efvhdkg Wihzgvshtx ^vgss)

Q00U S~high, Tbg Vme`ih`is `id tbg Twvahc Ime`ds, ~) 02:)

Q06U Jmv gr`e~lg? &F``v`f hijhdglhs Ml`bws imstgv&, &F`s v`f Ml`cws gt jhlhh ghwsdge&, &F``v f jhlhwe Tbmcmegvhws schse`thcwe ml`cbhs

imstvhs&) btt~?--{{{)`vc`iwe)bw-eml-l~grt) dll-jgogv-076g-073`-0:74=ji5dmcwegit%jv`eg)bte* j5tge~l`tgs* 6)>

Q03U Hstzi Zsvx "6>>7( Cwe`is `id T`t`vs, C`efvhdkg Wihzgvshtx ^vgss, ~) 4>? &Im sgvhmws `vkwegit c`i fg ~wt jmv{`vd hi sw~~mvt mj tbg

@ssgihds+ Fwlk`vh`i mv Vwssh`i mvhkhi) Emvgmzgv, ` Cwe`i i`eg fx htsglj c`iimt ~vmzg tb`t hts fg`vgv {`s widmwftgdlx Cwe`i) @sgi+s Twvahc

i`eg ewst fg vgcmichlgd {htb tbg j`ct tb`t tbg smwvcgs wi`ihemwslx tgsthjx tm bhs fghik Zl`cb)&

Q04U Stg~bgismi, `wl)Fx`ithwe+s F`la`i Jvmithgv? @ ^mlhthc`l Stwdx mj tbg Imvtbgvi F`la`is, 8>>%06>4, C`efvhdkg Wihzgvshtx ^vgss, 6>>>Q07U D`zhd Ihcmllg, @ikws EcFvhdg, Bwik`vx `id tbg j`ll mj G`stgvi Gwvm~g 0>>>%07:2 "btt~?--fmmas) kmmklg) cm) wa-

fmmas=hd5^e_eMajav8mC* ~k5^@43* dp5xgllm{! Cwe`is!b`hv* bl5gi* gh5ReK~TsfcJH6:2kM@]z[KD@*s`5R*

mh5fmma]vgswlt* ct5vgswlt* vgsiwe50*zgd5>CC2P:@G{@@#z5mig~`kg*p5xgllm{ Cwe`is b`hv* j5j`lsg(, Ms~vgx ^wflhsbhik, 0822, ~)

43

Q0:U Hkio th, _dv`zam "6>>7()GSSG Giklhsb%Sgvfh`i Sgvfh`i%Giklhsb Dhcthmi`vx `id Kv`ee`v) Fglkv`dg, Sgvfh`? Histhtwtg jmv Jmvghki

L`ikw`kgs) ~)0>33) HSFI2:;04;066%7)

Q0;U Hstzi Zsvx "6>>7( &Cwe`is `id T`t`vs&, C`efvhdkg Wihzgvshtx ^vgss, ~) :

Q02U btt~?--gicxclm~gdh`mjwav`hig) cme-dhs~l`x) `s~=lhia^`tb5~`kgs\C\W\Cwe`is) bte

Q08U Tbg eg`ihik mj tbg tgve &Zl cb& hi tbhs c`sg {`s tbg swfogct mj jhgvcg dhs~wtg hi tbg l`tg 08tb `id 6>tb cgitwvhgs "sgg `lsm A`lmx`i mj

Fwlk`vh`()

Q6>U @s egithmi hi tbg Vmfgvt dg Cl`vh Cbvmihclg

Q60U Hi bhs Bhstmvx mj tbg Fx`ithig Ge~hvg, hsfi03? 8;2>6882>867:, 0837, Vwssh`i bhstmvh`i @) @) Z`shlhgz cmiclwdgd hi tbhs e`ttgv &Tbglhfgv`thik emzgegit mj tbg sgcmid b`lj mj tbg 06tb cgitwvx hi tbg F`la`is {`s mvhkhi`tgd `id zhkmvmwslx ~vmsgcwtgd fx tbg [`ll`cbh`is,

`icgstmvs mj tbg Vme`ih`is mj tmd`x1 ht {`s omhigd fx tbg Fwlk`vh`is, `id tm smeg grtgit fx tbg Cwe`is jvme fgxmid tbg D`iwfg &

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_de_Clarihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kaloyan_of_Bulgaria%23Disputed_originshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kaloyan_of_Bulgaria%23Disputed_originshttp://encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkPath=pages\C\U\Cumans.htmhttp://books.google.co.uk/books?id=PmZmOkfkr9oC&pg=PA43&dq=yellow+Cumans+hair&hl=en&ei=XmGpTsbcFI268gOA_vWGDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=yellow%20Cumans%20hair&f=falsehttp://books.google.co.uk/books?id=PmZmOkfkr9oC&pg=PA43&dq=yellow+Cumans+hair&hl=en&ei=XmGpTsbcFI268gOA_vWGDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=yellow%20Cumans%20hair&f=falsehttp://books.google.co.uk/books?id=PmZmOkfkr9oC&pg=PA43&dq=yellow+Cumans+hair&hl=en&ei=XmGpTsbcFI268gOA_vWGDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=yellow%20Cumans%20hair&f=falsehttp://www.arcanum.hu/mol/lpext.dll/fejer/152e/153a/1654?fn=document-frame.htm&f=templates&2.0http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/pages/C/U/Cumans.htmhttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/146369/Cumanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oxford_Dictionary_of_Byzantiumhttp://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9028174/Cumanhttp://books.google.com/books?id=M6cSAAAAIAAJ&q=turkic+kumanlar&dq=turkic+kumanlar&lr=&hl=en&pgis=1http://books.google.com/books?id=M6cSAAAAIAAJ&q=turkic+kumanlar&dq=turkic+kumanlar&lr=&hl=en&pgis=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mihai_Viteazulhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Petru_Cercelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mihnea_Turcitulhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vintil%C4%83http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alexandru_II_Mirceahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Petru_cel_T%C3%A2n%C4%83rhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P%C4%83tra%C5%9Fcu_cel_Bunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mircea_the_Shepherdhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Radu_Paisiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vlad_Vintil%C4%83_de_la_Slatinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vlad_%C3%8Enecatulhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Radu_B%C4%83dicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Radu_de_la_Afuma%C5%A3ihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vlad_cel_T%C3%A2n%C4%83rhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mircea_III_Draculhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mihnea_cel_R%C4%83u

8/2/2019 Cuman people

17/19

Cwe`i ~gm~lg 0;

Q66U Iv` Fgvgid, @t tbg k`tg mj Cbvhstgidme? Og{s, Ewslhes, `id &~`k`is& hi egdhgz`l Bwik`vx, c) 0>>>%c) 03>>, C`efvhdkg Wihzgvshtx ^vgss,

6>>0, ~) ;6

Q63U Tbg Egdhgz`l [mvld, zml 0>) ~k 26%23) btt~?--fmmas) kmmklg) cm) wa-fmmas=hd5VgHdaa7~GEsC* ~k5^@26* dp5cwe`is*bl5gi*

gh5_hS{TmS8E4xRbPjJljT7@k*s`5R*mh5fmma]vgswlt* ct5vgswlt* vgsiwe50*zgd5>CC>P:@G{@DkA#z5mig~`kg*p5cwe`is*

j5j`lsg

Q64U Hstzi Zsvx, Cwe`is `id T`t`vs Mvhgit`l Ehlht`vx hi tbg ^vg%Mttme`i F`la`is 0027%03:7, "C`efvhdkg Wihzgvshtx ^vgss, 6>>7(, ~k 20)

Q67U &Fx`ithig @vehgs @D 0002%04:0&, ~)63, H`i Bg`tb, 0887 Ms~vgx ^wflhsbhik, HSFI 8;2 0 277736 34; :

Q6:U @s egithmigd hi Vmfgvt dg Cl`vh+s cbvmihclg)Q6;U Mzhdhw gchc`i Tvmh Zgigth Vme`

Q62U Hstzi Zsvx, Cwe`is `id T`t`vs Mvhgit`l Ehlht`vx hi tbg ^vg%Mttme`i F`la`is 0027%03:7, "C`efvhdkg Wihzgvshtx ^vgss, 6>>7(, 77%7:)

Q68U Bmvztb "0828(, ~) 42)

Q3>U S~high, Zhctmv) Tbg Cwe`i Fhsbm~vhc % Kgigshs `id Gzmlwthmi) hi Tbg Mtbgv Gwvm~g? @z`vs, Fwlk`vs, Ab``vs `id Cwe`is) Gdhtgd fx Jlmvhi

Cwvt` `id Vme`i Amz`lgz) Fvhll ^wflhsbhik) 6>>2) ~) :4

Q30U ) ^EHD0:78:844)

Q36U &Ehtmcbmidvh`l DI@ mj @ichgit Cwe`ih`is? Cwltwv`llx @sh i Stg~~g Ime`dhc Heehkv`its {htb Swfst`ith`llx Emvg [gstgvi Gwv`sh`i

Ehtmcbmidvh`l DI@ Lhig`kgs&) Bwe`i Fhmlmkx? ~~) :38::6) 6>>7) btt~?--ewsg)obw)gdw-lmkhi=wvh5-omwvi`ls-bwe`i]fhmlmkx-z>;;-;;)

7s`fm)btel)

Jwvtbgv vg`dhik

"Vwssh`i( Kmlwfmzsax ^gtgv Z) "0224( ^gcbgigks, Tmvas `id Cwe`is fgjmvg tbg hiz`shmi mj tbg T`t`vs) Bhstmvx mj

tbg Smwtb Vwssh`i stg~~gs HR%RHHH cgitwvhgs "btt~?--ig{)vwihzgvs)vw-lhf-fmma3043-0>>4;-( ",

) % HRRHHH )( `t Vwihzgvs)vw hi DoZw jmve`t)

"Vwssh`i( Kmlwfmzsax gtgv Z) "0228( Cwe`is hi Bwik`vx) Bhstmvhc`l gss`x "btt~?--ig{)vwihzgvs)vw-lhf-

fmma377;-02:67-( " ) ( `t Vwihzgvs)vw hi DoZw jmve`t)

Hstzi Zsvx "6>>7( &Cwe`is `id T t`vs&, C`efvhdkg Wihzgvshtx ^vgss)

Kxvjs Hstzi? @ Osawima Tvtigtg "btt~?--zjga)zjea)bw->>>>>>8;-tmc-hidgr)btel(

Kxvjjx Kxvkx? @ Cmdgr Cwe`ihcws e`h avdsgh

Kxvjjx Kxvkx? @ e`kx vsk aglgth glgegh

Bwij`lzx? Gtimkv`~bh` ^gvjgcax "tv`isl`tmv(? K`lhch i%Zmlbxih`i Cbvmihclg

Grtgvi`l lhias

Ehtmcbmidvh`l DI@ mj `ichgit Cwe`ih`is? cwltwv`llx @sh`i stg~~g ime`dhc heehkv`its {htb swfst`ith`llx emvg

{gstgvi Gwv`sh`i ehtmcbmidvh`l DI@ lhig`kgs "btt~?--{{{)icfh)ile)ihb)kmz-gitvg-pwgvx)

jckh=df5~wfegd*ced5Vgtvhgzg*dm~t5@fstv`ct^lws*lhst]whds50:78:844*pwgvx]bl50>*

htmml5~wfegd]dmcswe(

E`~ mj ehkv thmi "btt~?--{{{)glhiha) mvk)wa-G`stGwvm~g-Bhstmvx-ehkv`thmi%e`~-cwee`i%ehkv`thmi)bte(

Cwe`i Vmx`l Bmwsg "btt~?--{{{)cwe`ivmx`lbmwsg)ws(

http://www.cumanroyalhouse.us/http://www.eliznik.org.uk/EastEurope/History/migration-map/cumman-migration.htmhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=16596944&query_hl=10&itool=pubmed_docsumhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=16596944&query_hl=10&itool=pubmed_docsumhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=16596944&query_hl=10&itool=pubmed_docsumhttp://vfek.vfmk.hu/00000097/toc/index.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DjVuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Runivers.ruhttp://new.runivers.ru/lib/book3557/18625/http://new.runivers.ru/lib/book3557/18625/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DjVuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Runivers.ruhttp://new.runivers.ru/lib/book3143/10047/http://muse.jhu.edu/login?uri=/journals/human_biology/v077/77.5szabo.html.http://muse.jhu.edu/login?uri=/journals/human_biology/v077/77.5szabo.html.http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_de_Clarihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Osprey_Publishinghttp://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ReIdkk5pEMsC&pg=PA82&dq=cumans&hl=en&ei=ZiSwToS9M4yXhQfFlfT5Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC0Q6AEwADgK#v=onepage&q=cumans&f=falsehttp://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ReIdkk5pEMsC&pg=PA82&dq=cumans&hl=en&ei=ZiSwToS9M4yXhQfFlfT5Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC0Q6AEwADgK#v=onepage&q=cumans&f=falsehttp://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ReIdkk5pEMsC&pg=PA82&dq=cumans&hl=en&ei=ZiSwToS9M4yXhQfFlfT5Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC0Q6AEwADgK#v=onepage&q=cumans&f=false

8/2/2019 Cuman people

18/19

@vthclg Smwvcgs id Cmitvhfwtmvs 02

@vthclg Smwvcgs `id CmitvhfwtmvsCwe`i ~gm~lg Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=mldhd54;04:;423 Cmitvhfwtmvs? )?@ozml?), 4t{gitx46m, @Agca`vmz, @V@KMIGSG37, @fmw Fgi @dbge, @d`e Fhsbm~,@dmihCthst`h, @dvh`iTE, @gthl, @o`rSe`ca, @lfgvt>, @lgas`idv Kvhkmvxgz, @ltgie`ii, @idvhxA, @idvsK, @itmi Ams, @vhg Hif`v, @vo`x`x, @vtgea`3;3, @rge`i28, F`vt033, F`rtgv8,Fhkd`ddx06>4, Fl`caSg`, Flwv`ll, Fmkd`ikhwsc`, Fv`thch, Fvh`ikmtts, Fvwemi, C`gv{hig, C`t`lmkv`~bgv, Cb`e`l I, Cb`msE`stgv, Cb`~wltg~gc, Chvcgws, Citv`s, Cmlmihgs Cbvhs, C~l`ahd`s,Cvhcmfv, Cvhsth`iCbhvht`, Cvhtw, D@VTB SHDHMWS 6, D``zhhhd, D`vaJ`lls, Dc;:, DgC`ws`, Djvk)esc, Dmitfgsmkwllhflg, Dhgd Fwlf`sb, G0>4460, Gd4lhid`, Gihke`w, GmKwx, Gv`s%ews,GzhlMzgvlmvdR, Gzlgahs, Gr ^lwvhfws Wiwe, J`ahvf`ahv, J`lcmi2;:7, Jgvmr Sgigc`, Jhii Dhgsgl, Jhvgs~g`agv, Jl`wtm Dmlcg, Jml`ithi, Jwtwvg ^gvjgct `t Swivhsg, Kgig s, Kbhvl`id`om, Khv`jjgd`t`,Klhk`i, Kmee, Kmvjjx, Kvwtigss, BMW_H, B`llm{s @K, B`eegvJhleJ`i, B`ijvgscm, Bg`dfmef, Bhstmvh`i836, Bmttgitmt, Bwlt`iw, HTSGIOMX@FLG, Hkvga, Hlh`ssb, HiJ`hvigss, Hvhdgscgit,

Hv~gi, O>4i, O@S~gicgv, OJmvkgt, O`fgic`vsgx, O`lgi, O`egs{hlsmi, Oalhi, Omx, Othijhihtx, AHDF, A`is`s Fg`v, Abmhabmh, Amst`ah emw, Amst`ithim222_, Amsto`, A{`eha`k`eh, L`wvhi`zhchws,L`zgml, Lgkmig, Lhkbtemwsg, LhlBgl~`, LtIM[HS, EL, E`kmtw, E`ashe L), E`vs`l6>, E`stgv >f, E`ttf`tt, E`xJlm{gvImvtb, Efmzgvlm`d, Ehld Fhll Bhccw~, Ehehbht`e, Ehitlg`j, Ehsbgw,Ettll, E`o`c, I`schkl, Igdhe @vdm`, Igdvwtl`id, Ihkbtlhkbt dheg, Imvvgjgldt, Imstv`d`ews0, Iwclg`v[`vj`vg, MLGJ:40, Mfv`dmzhc Kmv`i, Mfsgvzgvp, Mct`ig, Md Ehsbgbw, Mlgssh, Mvihl,Mttm tgv B``v, Mrxemvmi23, ^`va{glls, ^g`vlg, ^gtgv cmbgi, ^gtvhmt333, ^l`sthcw~, ^ml>82, ^mlxlgvws, ^vmtmia, ^vmwd^vhe`tg, ^tmlhmi, Pwv, Px~cb`a, V+i+F, V`j`@gzgdm, Vg`ddgv, Vhcb`vdAg`thikg, Vhca`vd Zmkglfgvk, Vmilhig, Vvmv, S`jmvvgst, S`hlam, S`lthif`s, S`ehv`O, Sfmvsmdx, SgmE`c, Sgv @e`ithm dh Ihcml`m, Sbhla`iih, Sbvhklgx, Shcfmx, Se`vt Ime`d, Stg~b`i Bgisg,Swfhtmsgv`, T`a`fgk, T`lgsse`i, Tbg Wt`bv`~tmv, Tbgambsgv, Tbgehkbtxpwhll, TheFgitlgx, Tmcga`s, TmdmvFmbhimz, Tme2;>6>, Tme`s:6, Twja``, T{`s Im{, WScbhca, Wav`hi`, Z`vk`t`e`s,Z`vl``e, Zgdv`i)f, Ze`vt, Zegiamz, [glsb, [haBg`d, [mmbmmahttx, RO`eV`st`jhvg, Xgth, Xibmcagx, _`ab`lgsb, _hvm{gvdx, _scmwt3;>, , 37; `imixemws gdhts

He`kg Smwvcgs, Lhcgisgs `id CmitvhfwtmvsHe`kg?Cwe`ih`Cm@)~ik Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?Cwe`ih`Cm@)~ik Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? wicvgdhtgd `wtbmv

He`kg?^vgemikml%Ah~cb`a)~ikSmwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?^vgemikml%Ah~cb`a)~ik Lhcgisg? KIW Jvgg Dmcwegit`thmi Lhcgisg Cmitvhfwtmvs? Tmecbhwac

Jhlg?^vgemikmlGwv`sh`)~ikSmwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?^vgemikmlGwv`sh`)~ik Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? DmiFgk

Jhlg?Gwvm~g egdhtgvv`ig`i 008> cvm~~gd)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?Gwvm~g]egdhtgvv`ig`i]008>]cvm~~gd)o~k Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs?[hllh`e Sbg~bgvd

Jhlg?Bwik`vx 03tb cgit)~ik Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?Bwik`vx]03tb]cgit)~ik Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? J66

Jhlg?Fgss`v`fh`)~ikSmwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?Fgss`v`fh`)~ik Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? Cglgvmi, _sgvkbgh

Jhlg?Cvws`dgs 08>7)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?Cvws`dgs]08>7)o~k Lhcgisg? Cvg`thzg Cmeemis @ttvhfwthmi 3)> Cmitvhfwtmvs? Dmitfgsmkwllhflg

He`kg?Cmdgr Cwe`ihcws 72)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?Cmdgr]Cwe`ihcws]72)o~k Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? Cb`~wltg~gc, Px~cb`a, 6 `imixemwsgdhts

Jhlg?@sh` 06>>`d)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?@sh`]06>>`d)o~k Lhcgisg? Cvg`thzg Cmeemis @ttvhfwthmi 3)> Cmitvhfwtmvs? Mvhkhi`l w~lm`dgv {`s T`lgsse`i `tgi){hah~gdh`

Jhlg?Hkmvszx`t)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?Hkmvszx`t)o~k Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? @lgr F`ab`vgz, Fg`tvhrFglhf`stg, Fg`we`hi, Fgvawt, Fwtam, Gvha[`veglhia, Kbhvl`id`om, E`i zxh, Sb`aam, [mlje`ii, 0 `imixemws gdhts

He`kg?Fhlh{`v)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?Fhlh{`v)o~k Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? @lgr F`ab`vgz, Fwtam, Dgiihss, Gvha [`veglhia, B`wawvtb,Hlx`vm, Sb`aam, Tgriha, 3 `imixemws gdhts

Jhlg?Kv`id Dwag @idvgh Fmkmlxwfsax) [`v {htb ^mlmztsx "Fmvhs Cbmvhamz()o~k Smwvcg?btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?Kv`id]Dwag]@idvgh]Fmkmlxwfsax)][`v]{htb]^mlmztsx]"Fmvhs]Cbmvhamz()o~k Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? Fgvhllhwe

Jhlg?Hz`i Fhlhfhi 0;;)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?Hz`i]Fhlhfhi]0;;)o~k Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? Imi eh tv`dhv, Sb`aam

He`kg?Fwlk`vh`i @sgi dxi`stx emiwegit Zglham T`vimzm Alg`vcbms)o~k Smwvcg?btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?Fwlk`vh`i]@sgi]dxi`stx]emiwegit]Zglham]T`vimzm]Alg`vcbms)o~k Lhcgisg? Cvg`thzg Cmeemis @ttvhfwthmi 6)> Cmitvhfwtmvs? Alg`vcbms

A`~mwtshsJhlg?V`dhzhll Cbvmihclg Cwe`is)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?V`dhzhll]Cbvmihclg]Cwe`is)o~k Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? Cvhsth`iCbhvht`, Sb`aam

Jhlg? )o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?]]])o~k Lhcgisg? Cvg`thzg Cmeemis @ttvhfwthmi%Sb`vg`lhag 3)>Cmitvhfwtmvs? Wsgv?^gt`vE

Jhlg?F`f` >0>)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?F`f`]>0>)o~k Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? Ah~cb`a ~gm~lg

Jhlg?F`f` >3>)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?F`f`]>3>)o~k Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? Ah~cb`a ~gm~lg

Jhlg?F`f` 6;)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?F`f`]6;)o~k Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? Ah~cb`a ~gm~lg

Jhlg?F`f` >>24)O^K Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?F`f`]>>24)O^K Lhcgisg? Cvg`thzg Cmeemis @ttvhfwthmi%Sb`vg`lhag 3)> Cmitvhfwtmvs? Ah~cb`a ~gm~lg

Jhlg?F`f` 07)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?F`f`]07)o~k Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? Ah~cb`a ~gm~lg

Jhlg?F`f` 30)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?F`f`]30)o~k Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? Ah~cb`a ~gm~lg

Jhlg?St`tw` ~mlmzgsh`i` dgl jhklhm dh ah~cb`a, RHH sgc)O^K Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?St`tw`]~mlmzgsh`i`]dgl]jhklhm]dh]ah~cb`a,]RHH]sgc)O^K Lhcgisg? KIW JvggDmcwegit`thmi Lhcgisg Cmitvhfwtmvs? s`hlam

Jhlg?^vglgsig >>>;)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?^vglgsig]>>>;)o~k Lhcgisg? Cvg`thzg Cmeemis @ttvhfwthmi%Sb`vg@lhag 3)> Wi~mvtgd Cmitvhfwtmvs? [hitgvahid,X`awd`, 0 `imixemws gdhts

Jhlg?Ah~cb`a f`f` >>0)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?Ah~cb`a]f`f`]>>0)o~k Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? Ah~cb`a ~gm~lg

Jhlg?Dmigtsa ah~cb`a f`f`)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?Dmigtsa]ah~cb`a]f`f`)o~k Lhcgisg? Cvg`thzg Cmeemis @ttvhfwthmi%Sb`vg`lhag 3)> Cmitvhfwtmvs?Vh{imdgiixa

Jhlg?F`f` 02)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?F`f`]02)o~k Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? Ah~cb`a ~gm~lg

Jhlg?Ah~cb`~ `vt 67dgc>8 3>3>)O^K Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?Ah~cb`~]`vt]67dgc>8]3>3>)O^K Lhcgisg? Cvg`thzg Cmeemis @ttvhfwthmi 3)> Cmitvhfwtmvs?Vm{l`id Kmmde`i

Jhlg?Awe`i Bl`z`)~ik Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?Awe`i]Bl`z`)~ik Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? `imixemws

Jhlg?Awil`slm)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?Awil`slm)o~k Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? Kv`~bxc ~gvsmi`l jvme tbg scbmml)

Jhlg?@lfgt`Awe`isa` av`lmzi`)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?@lfgt`Awe`isa`]av`lmzi`)o~k Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? Shlkxh Sidmv

Jhlg?Awiagvgst Fglg)O^K Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?Awiagvgst]Fglg)O^K Lhcgisg? Cvg`thzg Cmeemis @ttvhfwthmi%Sb`vg`lhag 3)> Cmitvhfwtmvs? Fwvvm{s

Jhlg?^mlmzgts f`f` KHE)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?^mlmzgts]f`f`]KHE)o~k Lhcgisg? Cvg`thzg Cmeemis @ttvhfwthmi%Sb`vg`lhag 3)> Cmitvhfwtmvs? sb`aam

Jhlg?^mlmztsx)o~k Smwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?^mlmztsx)o~k Lhcgisg? wiaim{i Cmitvhfwtmvs? Mvhkhi`l w~lm`dgv {`s Kbhvl`id`om `t gi){hah~gdh` L`tgv zgvshmi"s( {gvgw~lm`dgd fx @lh+h `t gi){hah~gdh`)

Jhlg?EmikmlsHiBwik`vx0627)o~kSmwvcg? btt~?--gi){hah~gdh`)mvk-{-hidgr)~b~=thtlg5Jhlg?EmikmlsHiBwik`vx0627)o~k Lhcgisg? ^wflhc Dme`hi Cmitvhfwtmvs? wiaim{i - "mj tbg vg~vmdwcthmi(Scbixh I`thmi`l Lhfv`vx, Fwd`~gst

Lhcgisg

8/2/2019 Cuman people

19/19

Lhcgisg 08

Cvg`thzg Cmeemis @ttvhfwthmi%Sb`vg @lhag 3)> Wi~mvtgd--cvg`thzgcmeemis)mvk-lhcgisgs-fx%s`-3)>-