Contoh Clt 1

30
CONTOH LESSON PLAN Lesson Plan Date : 5 Mei 2009 Grade Level : SMP (Sekolah Menengah Pertama) Kelas I No. Of Student : 30 Siswa Subjects : IPS – Geografi “Vulkanisme dan Gunung Berapi” Duration : 20 Menit, Pukul 09.00 – 09.20 WIB Description :

Transcript of Contoh Clt 1

Page 1: Contoh Clt 1

CONTOH LESSON PLAN

Lesson Plan

Date : 5 Mei 2009

Grade Level : SMP (Sekolah Menengah Pertama) Kelas I

No. Of Student : 30 Siswa

Subjects : IPS – Geografi “Vulkanisme dan Gunung Berapi”

Duration : 20 Menit, Pukul 09.00 – 09.20 WIB

Description :

Guru akan menjelaskan mengenai jenis-jenis gunung berapi,

Page 2: Contoh Clt 1

bahan-bahan vulkanik yang keluar pada waktu erupsi, dan

memperagakan mekanisme erupsi gunung berapi.

Goals :

1. Siswa mampu memahami jenis-jenis gunung berapi

2. Siswa mampu mengerti bahan-bahan vulkanik yang keluar

pada waktu erupsi

3. Siswa mampu menjelaskan mekanisme erupsi

Objective :

Di akhir pertemuan, diharapkan murid mampu memahami

tentang gunung berapi

Materials :

Laptop dengan Microsoft Powerpoint

LCD Projector

Alat peraga gunung berapi

Prosedures :

5 Menit pertama (Greeting)

2

Page 3: Contoh Clt 1

1. Memberitahukan tentang materi yang akan dibahas

pada pertemuan hari ini.

2. Menanyakan kepada siswa, apa yang mereka ketahui

tentang gunung berapi.

5 menit kedua

1. Menjelaskan jenis-jenis gunung berapi.

2. Menjelaskan bahan-bahan vulkanik yang keluar pada

waktu erupsi.

10 menit terakhir

1. Memperagakan mekanisme terjadinya erupsi secara

sederhana.

2. Meminta feedback dari siswa mengenai materi yang

telah dijelaskan.

3. Assessment.

4. Goodbye

Assessment :

3

Page 4: Contoh Clt 1

(Melakukan tanya jawab kepada siswa, tentang materi yang

telah diajarkan).

FORMAT PEMBUATAN LESSON PLAN

LESSON PLAN

Date (Tanggal materi akan diajarkan)

Grade Level (Pelajaran yang diajarkan untuk siswa kelas berapa)

No. Of Student (Jumlah siswa yang akan diajar dalam kelas)

Subjects (Subjek pelajaran dan judul materi)

Duration (Lama waktu pengajaran)

Description (Gambaran umum materi yang akan diajarkan)

Goals (Tujuan yang ingin dicapai oleh pengajar bagi siswa)

Objective (Tujuan pengajaran di akhir pertemuan)

Materials (Alat dan bahan yang diperlukan dalam pengajaran)

4

Page 5: Contoh Clt 1

Prosedures (Langkah-langkah yang akan dilaksanakan dalam proses pengajaran)

Assessment (Penilaian yang dilakukan oleh pengajar untuk melihat kemampuan

siswa dalam memahami materi yang diberikan)

Minggu, 07 Juni 2009

LANGKAH-LANGKAH MENGEMBANGKAN LESSON PLAN YANG BAIK

Dalam membuat lesson plan tidaklah terlalu rumit. Akan tetapi, ada

beberapa langkah yang perlu diperhatikan agar lesson plan yang

kita buat sangat membantu dan efektif bagi pengajaran. Di bawah

ini merupakan langkah-langkah serta gambaran masing-masing

bagian dalam mengembangkan rencana pelajaran atau lesson plan

yang baik:

1. Mempertimbangkan apa yang mau diajarkan. Sebaiknya

dikembangkan berdasarkan kurikulum yang ada, mengetahui

untuk kelas berapa materi yang akan diajarkan tersebut, dan

juga mencatat perkiraan waktu dalam rencana pelajaran

untuk menolong waktu penganggaran yang diperlukan. Begitu

5

Page 6: Contoh Clt 1

mempunyai topik, bisa memulai menentukan bagaimana cara

mengajar topik.

2. Untuk memastikan lesson plan benar-benar membantu

pengajaran, kita perlu membuat tujuan yang jelas dan spesifik

dari apa yang diajarkan. Tujuan bukan merupakan aktivitas

yang akan dilakukan dalam rencana pelajaran tetapi

merupakan hasil belajar aktivitas itu yang ingin dicapai,

Tujuan juga sebaiknya dapat diukur secara langsung. Dengan

kata lain, harus memastikan tujuan dapat dikatakan baik

tujuan ini dijumpai atau tidak. Kita dapat mempunyai lebih

dari satu tujuan untuk rencana pelajaran. Untuk membuat

6

Page 7: Contoh Clt 1

tujuan lebih berarti, dapat memasukkan tujuan luas maupun

sempit.

3. Kita mungkin memerlukan material-material yang diperlukan

dalam pengajaran nanti, tetapi sebaiknya dipersiapkan lebih

awal dalam rencana pelajaran kita. Dengan begitu, jika orang

lain menggunakan rencana pelajaran kita, mereka akan tahu

dari awal apa bahan diperlukan. Dengan menuliskan secara

spesifik, pengajar akan mempunyai segalanya mereka perlu

dalam pengajaran.

4. Kita juga mungkin ingin menulis Anticipatory Set, yang dapat

menjadi pengantar dalam pelajaran dan mengembangkan

perhatian siswa dalam belajar apa yang akan diajarkan.

Contoh: menangani pelajaran pecahan, pengajar bisa memulai

dengan meminta siswa menjawab bagaimana mereka akan

membagi-bagikan pizza untuk masing-masing 5 orang teman

7

Page 8: Contoh Clt 1

mereka mendapat jumlah pizza yang sama, dan memberi tahu

mereka bahwa mereka bisa melakukan ini jika mereka tahu

bagaimana caranya untuk bekerja dengan pecahan.

5. Selanjutnya perlu menuliskan langkah-langkah prosedur yang

akan dilakukan untuk mencapai tujuan. Dalam hal ini tidak

harus melibatkan setiap hal kecil yang akan kita katakan dan

lakukan, tetapi sebaiknya mendaftar tindakan relevan yang

perlu dilakukan dalam pengajaran.

6. Setelah prosedur selesai, kita dapat menyediakan waktu

untuk latihan mandiri bagi siswa agar siswa dapat lebih

memahami materi yang diajarkan.

7. Sebelum beralih ke penilaian sebaiknya menanyakan kembali

semua yang telah diajarkan, dengan mengacu pada

Anticipatory Set. Contoh: kita dapat menanyakan kembali

kepada siswa bagaimana mereka akan membagi-bagikan

pizza setelah mereka mengerti mengenai pecahan (dari

8

Page 9: Contoh Clt 1

contoh pada langkah ke-4).

8. Kita dapat menuliskan evaluasi/penilaian kita. Beberapa

lesson plan mungkin tidak memerlukan penilaian, tetapi

sebaiknya kita membuat semacam evaluasi untuk melihat

apakah tujuan pengajaran dalan lesson plan tercapai. Kunci

dalam mengembangkan penilaian kita adalah membuat

penilaian yang secara khas dan pasti mengukur tujuan dicapai

atau tidak. Dengan begitu, akan terlihat hubungan nyata

antara tujuan dan penilaian.

9. Penyesuaian juga sebaiknya dibuat untuk siswa dengan

ketidakmampuan (disabilities). Hal ini dapat dilakukan dengan

menggunakan penyesuaian spesifik bagi siswa tertentu

dengan memperhitungkan perbedaan individual mereka.

10. Kita dapat juga memasukkan bagian "hubungan", yang

memperlihatkan bagaimana lesson plan dapat diintegrasikan

9

Page 10: Contoh Clt 1

dengan subyek pelajaran lain. Sebagai contoh kita dapat

menerapkan pelajaran mengenai pecahan dengan kehidupan

sehari-hari yang lain, tidak hanya dalam pelajaran

matematika.

Jika mengikuti semua langkah di atas, kita akan berhasil membuat

lesson plan dengan baik dan seksama yang akan berguna bagi kita

atau pengajar mana pun yang ingin mengajarkan topik yang sama.

Salah satu tips yang paling membantu dalam penulisan lesson plan

pertama kita adalah dengan melihat lesson plan lain yang lebih dulu

telah dikembangkan dengan baik untuk mendapatkan ide yang lebih

baik tentang apa saja yang diperlukan dalam lesson plan.

http://bahanajar.wordpress.com/textspeech/jenis-jenis-text-ing/

Jenis-jenis text English

Tinggalkan komentar Go to comments

Jenis-jenis text dalam Bahasa Inggris

NARRATIVE

Purpose: To amuse/entertain the readers and to tell a story

Generic Structure:

1. Orientation

2. Complication

3. Resolution

4. Reorientation

Dominant Language Features:

1. Using Past Tense

2. Using action verb

3. Chronologically arranged

10

Page 11: Contoh Clt 1

RECOUNT

Purpose: to retell something that happened in the past and to tell a series of past event

Generic Structure:

1. Orientation

2. Event(s)

3. Reorientation

Dominant Language Features:

1. Using Past Tense

2. Using action verb

3. Using adjectives

Narrative and recount in some ways are similar. Both are telling something in the past

so narrative and recount usually apply PAST TENSE; whether Simple Past Tense,

Simple Past Continuous Tense, or Past Perfect Tense. The ways narrative and recount

told are in chronological order using time or place. Commonly narrative text is found

in story book; myth, fable, folklore, etc while recount text is found in biography.

The thing that makes narrative and recount different is the structure in which they are

constructed. Narrative uses conflicts among the participants whether natural conflict,

social conflict or psychological conflict. In some ways narrative text combines all

these conflicts. In the contrary, we do not find these conflicts inside recount text.

Recount applies series of event as the basic structure

DESCRIPTIVE

Purpose: to describe a particular person, place or thing in detail.

Dominant Generic Structure:

1. Identification

2. Description

Language Features:

1. Using Simple Present Tense

2. Using action verb

3. Using adverb

4. Using special technical terms

REPORT

Purpose: to presents information about something, as it is.

Generic Structure

1. General classification

2. Description

Dominant Language Feature

11

Page 12: Contoh Clt 1

1. Introducing group or general aspect

2. Using conditional logical connection

3. Using Simple Present Tense

EXPLANATION

Purpose: To explain the processes involved in the formation or working of natural or

socio-cultural phenomena.

Generic Structure:

1. General statement

2. Explanation

3. Closing

Dominant Language Features:

1. Using Simple Present Tense

2. Using action verbs

3. Using passive voice

4. Using noun phrase

5. Using adverbial phrase

6. Using technical terms

7. Using general and abstract noun

8. Using conjunction of time and cause-effect.

ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION

Purpose: To reveal the readers that something is the important case

Generic Structure:

1. Thesis

2. Arguments

3. Reiteration/Conclusion

Dominant Language Features:

1. Using modals

2. Using action verbs

3. Using thinking verbs

4. Using adverbs

5. Using adjective

6. Using technical terms

7. Using general and abstract noun

8. Using connectives/transition

12

Page 13: Contoh Clt 1

HORTATORY EXPOSITION

Purpose: to persuade the readers that something should or should not be the case or be

done

Generic Structure:

1. Thesis

2. Arguments

3. Recommendation

Dominant Language features:

1. Using Simple Present Tense

2. Using modals

3. Using action verbs

4. Using thinking verbs

5. Using adverbs

6. Using adjective

7. Using technical terms

8. Using general and abstract noun

9. Using connectives/transition

Then what is the basic difference between analytical and hortatory exposition. In

simple word. Analytical is the answer of “How is/will” while hortatory is the answer

of “How should”. Analytical exposition will be best to describe “How will student do

for his examination? The point is the important thing to do. But for the question” How

should student do for his exam?” will be good to be answered with hortatory. It is to

convince that the thing should be done

PROCEDURE

Purpose: to help readers how to do or make something completely

Generic Structure:

1. Goal/Aim

2. Materials/Equipments

3. Steps/Methods

Dominant Language Features:

1. Using Simple Present Tense

2. Using Imperatives sentence

3. Using adverb

4. Using technical terms

DISCUSSION

Purpose: to present information and opinions about issues in more one side of an issue

13

Page 14: Contoh Clt 1

(‘For/Pros’ and ‘Against/Cons’)

Generic Structure:

1. Issue

2. Arguments for and against

3. Conclusion

Dominant Language Features:

1. Using Simple Present Tense

2. Use of relating verb/to be

3. Using thinking verb

4. Using general and abstract noun

5. Using conjunction/transition

6. Using modality

7. Using adverb of manner

REVIEW

Purpose: to critique or evaluate an art work or event for a public audience

dominant Generic Structure:

1. Orientation

2. Evaluation

3. Interpretative Recount

4. Evaluation

5. Evaluative Summation

Dominant Language features:

1. Focus on specific participants

2. Using adjectives

3. Using long and complex clauses

4. Using metaphor

ANECDOTE

Purpose: to share with others an account of an unusual or amusing incident

Generic Structure:

1. Abstract

2. Orientation

3. Crisis

4. Reaction

5. Coda.

Dominant Language Features:

1. Using exclamations, rhetorical question or intensifiers

14

Page 15: Contoh Clt 1

2. Using material process

3. Using temporal conjunctions

SPOOF

Purpose: to tell an event with a humorous twist and entertain the readers

Generic Structure:

1. Orientation

2. Event(s)

3. Twist

Dominant Language Features:

1. Using Past Tense

2. Using action verb

3. Using adverb

4. Chronologically arranged

NEWS ITEM

Purpose: to inform readers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy

or important

Dominant Generic Structure:

1. Newsworthy event(s)

2. Background event(s)

3. Sources

Dominant Language Features:

1. Short, telegraphic information about story captured in headline

2. Using action verbs

3. Using saying verbs

4. Using adverbs : time, place and manner.

//

Related Posts :

Abstract on Text Types

Text Types in Three Main Genres

Back to School Back to Learn Text Types

Understanding Types of Text

Classification Essay – Everything You Need to Know

Analytical Exposition

15

Page 16: Contoh Clt 1

Text Types in Three Main Genres

The Importance of Exercise as Example of Analytical Exposition

Fast Food in Example of Analytical Exposition

Contoh/Example of Analytical Exposition about Being Fat

Analytical Exposition Sample in Learning English

Analytical Exposition Sample on Accredited School

Example of Analytical Exposition in Jakarta Issue

Is Smoking Good for Us?; Example of Analytical Exposition

Opportunity in the Global Financial Crisis; example of analytical exposition

Laptop as Students’ Friend

Career in Translation

Writing is a Great for Money Online; an analytical exposition text

What is Analytical Exposition?

Anecdote

Blessing behind Tragedy; an anecdote text

What is Anecdote?

Descriptive

Descriptive Text about Cleopatra

The Descriptive Facts about the Moon

The Best Example of Descriptive Text about a Cat

Text Types in Three Main Genres

Contoh/Example of Descriptive Text about Taj Mahal

Descriptive Text on Jatim Park

Marsupial Mammal; EXAMPLE OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

My Friend’s New Shoes

The Differences between Report and Descriptive Text

Borobudur Temple; a descriptive text

What is Descriptive Text?

Discussion

National Exam in Pros and Cons

Gift Cards Bring Advantages and Disadvantages

Text Types in Three Main Genres

Discussion Text Sample on Distance Learning

Reading Discussion Text

Example of Discussion Text on Nuclear Power

16

Page 17: Contoh Clt 1

Hunting Fox; a discussion text

What is Discussion?

Explanation

Explanation Text about How Rain Happens

Explanation Text about How Cell Phones Work

Text Types in Three Main Genres

Seasons as Example of Explanation Text

Contoh / Example of Explanation Text about Earthquake

Contoh / Example of Explanation Text about Bali Island

HOW FUEL WARNING LIGHT WORK; an example of explanation text

Flying Kites as Example of Explanation

CANCER; Example of Explanation Text

Do You Know Why Eiffel Tower was Built?; Explanation Sample

Explanation Text Sample about Roman Road

How Chocolate is made; an Example of Explanation text

Between Explanation and Procedure Text

Example of Explanation Text

How Day and Night Happen: an explanation text

Why Summer Daylight is Longger than Winter Daylight; an explanation text

What is Explanation?

Hortatory Exposition

Example of Hortatory Text in Letter to Editor

Text Types in Three Main Genres

USE ENGLISH! Hortatory Sample

Should not Bring Mobile Phone to School; a Hortatory Text Sample

NEVER TRY SMOKING; a Hortatory Sample

Hortatory Example in Wearing Helmet

Reading Hortatory Text

Hortatory Example in Public Awareness

Example of Hortatory Exposition in Watching TV

More Dust Bins is Cleaner; example of hortatory

Where should be after High School?; a hortatory text

Millions from Property Market; a hortatory exposition text

Removing Lead from Petrol; a hortatory exposition text

What is Hortatory Exposition?

17

Page 18: Contoh Clt 1

Narrative

Narrative Text in Romeo and Juliet’s Romantic and Tragic Story

Text Types in Three Main Genres

Example of Narrative Text in the Legend of Tangkuban Perahu

Kite’s Tale as Example of Narrative

Narrative Analysis on Malin Kundang Story

Reading a Narrative

Narrative Example in Arabian Story

Example of Narrative Text; The Smartest Parrot

Story of Narrative Text

CINDERELLA STORY; the Clearest Example of Narrative Text

Building Narrative Text with Complication

Between Recount and Narrative

The Smartest Animal; a narrative text

Snow White; a narrative text

Cinderella; a narrative text

What is Narrative?

News Item

News Item about Man Push Van off Train Railroad

Understanding News Item Text

Growing Student Smoking as Example of News Item Text

The Clear Example of News Item Text about Landslide

Contoh / Example of News Item Text about Indonesian Maid Tragedy

Contoh / Example of News Item Text

Malaysian Women Suggested to Carry Condoms; a news item text

Indonesian Maid in HK Court after Having Intercourse; a news item text

Indonesian Maid beheaded; a news item text

What is News Item?

Procedure

Procedure Text in Making Candles

Contoh/Example of Procedure Text in Making Kite

Contoh/Example of Procedure Text in Installing SIM Card

Between Explanation and Procedure Text

Planting Chilies; a procedure text

Writing For Business; a procedure text

What is Procedure?

18

Page 19: Contoh Clt 1

Recount

Text Types in Three Main Genres

Recount Example in Journalist’s Diary

Spoof and Recount Text; What Makes them Different?

Vacation to London; the clear example of recount text

Between Recount and Narrative

Visiting Bali; a recount text

My Horrible Experience; a recount text

What is Recount?

Report

Example of Report Text about Mangrove Trees

ELEPHANTS as Example of Report Text

Text Types in Three Main Genres

Example of Report Text in Earthquake

Tornadoes as Example of Report Text

Example of Report Text about Volcano

Contoh/Example of Report Text in Komodo

Human Body Energy as EXAMPLE OF REPORT

The Differences between Report and Descriptive Text

Platypus; a report text

What is Report?

Review

Example of Review Text in 2012 Movie

Zenni Optical; a site for eyeglasses

Business Loan Program

Career in Translation

Structuring the Product Review Text

Good Translation

a TAMM Creation

All about Ohio Sports

Recording Mommy Journey

Making Money Online

Good Young Mother

An Attractive Motherly Blog

A Site from Reog Boy

Recommended Software Applications

19

Page 20: Contoh Clt 1

Guide to Japanese Pop Culture

When She Writes

Bad Credit Improvement

Online Shopping Software

Choosing Web Hosting

Beneficial Shopping Cart

Ada 6 jenis text yang akan dijelaskan disini:

1.Recount

2.Procedure

3.Anecdote

4.Narrative

5.Report

6.Report

1.RECOUNT

Recount Tujuan komunikatif: Melaporkan peristiwa, kejadian atau

kegiatan dengan tujuan memberitakan atau menghibur. Struktur

teks: * Pendahuluan (orientasi), yaitu memberikan informasi tentang

apa, siapa, di mana dan kapan; *  Laporan (rentetan) peristiwa,

kegiatan yang terjadi, yang biasanya disampaikan secara berurut

Contoh:

Class Picnic

Last Friday our school went to Centennial Park for a picnic

First our teachers marked the rolls and the we got on the buses. On

the buses, everyone was chatting and eating. When we arrived at

the park, some students played cricket, some played cards but

others went for a walk with the teachers. At lunchtime, we sat

together and had our picnic. Finally, at two o’clock we left for school.

20

Page 21: Contoh Clt 1

We had a great day.

2.PROCEDURE

Procedure, the communicative purpose is to tell the steps of making

or doing something. (Tujuan komunikatif nya: memberi petunjuk

cara melakukan sesuatu melalui serangkaian tindakan atau

langkah.)

Generic Structure: Goal/Aim – Materials/Tools – Steps/Methods

Language Features of Procedure text:

Imperative form, ex: Cut, Pour,  Don’t mix, dsb.

action verbs: turn, put, don’t, mix, dsb.

connectives (untuk mengurutkan kegiatan), ex: then, while, dsb.

adverbials (untuk menyatakan rinci waktu, tempat, cara yang

akurat), ex: for five minutes, two centimetres from the top, dsb.

Contoh:

SESAME DROP BISCUITS

Ingredients/Materials:

2 cups flour

1 ½ teaspoons baking powder

½ reaspoon each baking soda and salt

Butter  or margarine

2 tablespoons sesame seed

1 cup buttermilk

Night Before:

21

Page 22: Contoh Clt 1

In a large bowl stir together flour, baking powder, soda and salt.

2 knives or pastry blender cut in ½ cup butter until particles are fine

.

Stir in sesame seed.

Next Morning:

Add buttermilk to flour mixture and stir with a fork just until mixed.

Drop by tablespoons on greased cookies sheet.

Bake in preheated 450 degrees oven until light brown. 12 to 14

minutes.

Serve at once with butter.

3.ANECDOTE

Definition and Social Function of Anecdote

Anecdote is a text which retells funny and unusual incidents in fact

or imagination. Its purpose is to entertain the readers.

Generic Structure of Anecdote

1. Abstract

2. Orientation

3. Crisis

4. Incident.Language Feature of Anecdote

1. Using exclamation words; it’s awful!, it’s wonderful!, etc

2. Using imperative; listen to this

3. Using rhetoric question; do you know what?

4. Using action verb; go, write, etc

5. Using conjunction of time; then, afterward

6. Using simple past tense

Contoh Anecdote:

Blessing Behind Tragedy

22

Page 23: Contoh Clt 1

There was a black family in Scotland years ago. They were Clark

family with nine children. They had a dream to go to America. The

family worked and saved. They were making plan to travel with their

children to America. It had taken several years but finally they had

saved enough money. They had gotten passport. They had booked

seats for the whole family member in a new liner to America.

The entire family was full of anticipation and excitement with their

new life in America. However few days before their departure, the

youngest son was bitten by a dog. The doctor sewed up the boy.

Because of the possibility of getting rabies, there were being

quarantined for long days. They were in quarantine when the

departure time came. The family dreams were dashed. They could

not make the trip to America as they had planned.

The father was full of disappointed and anger. He stomped the dock

to watch the ship leaved without him and his family. He shed tears

of disappointment. He cursed both his son and God for the

misfortune.

Five days latter, the tragic news spread throughout Scotland. The

ship, the mighty Titanic, had shank. It took hundreds of passenger

and crew with it. Titanic which had been called the unsinkable ship

had sunk. It was unbelievable but it was.

The Clak family should have been on that ship, but because of the

bitten son by a dog, they were left behind. When the father heard

the news, he hugged the son and thanked him for saving the family.

He thanked God for saving their lives. It was a blessing behind a

tragedy. (Adapted from Look Ahead 2)

GenericStructureAnalysis:

Abstract: Everybody has a dream. You have and so do I. When the

dream will come true, there is something wrong last minute before

it. What will we feel? What will we do?

Orientation: the Clak family lived in Scotland. They had dream to

travel to America. They prepared well for their plan

23

Page 24: Contoh Clt 1

Crisis: few days before they went to America, his youngest son was

bitten by a dog. It made they were being quarantined. They had to

forget their plan.

Incident: the family was full of disappointment and anger. The

father was angry with his son and God. The family failed to travel to

America and the father could not accept it.

Coda: the father thank to his son when he hear the ship sank. He

thank to God because of saving the family from sinking. He thought

leaving behind the ship was not a tragedy but a blessing.

4.REPORT

Report Tujuan Komunikatif: Menyampaikan informasi tentang

sesuatu, apa adanya, sebagai hasil pengamatan sistematis atau

analisis. Yang dideskripsikan dapat meliputi gajala alam, lingkungan,

benda buatan manusia, atau gejala- gejala sosial. Deskripsi sebuah

teks report dapat berupa simpulan umum misalnya tentang rumah

sederhana dengan mendekripsikan ciri-ciri subyek tersebut

sehingga layak dikategorikan rumah sederhana, dsb.

Contoh:

Fax Machine

Fax, the short term for facsimile is a telecommunications technology

used to transfer copies (facsimiles) of documents, especially using

affordable devices operating over the telephone network. The word

telefax, short for telefacsimile, for “make a copy at a distance”, is

also used as a synonym. The device is also known as a telecopier in

certain industries. When sending documents to people at large

distances, faxes have a distinct advantage over postal mail in that

the delivery is nearly instantenous, yet its disadvantages in quality

and its proprietary format have relegated it to a position beneath

email as the prevailing form of electronic document tranferral.

5.NARRATIVE

Tujuan Komunikatif Teks: Menghibur pendengar atau pembaca

24

Page 25: Contoh Clt 1

dengan pengalaman nyata atau khayal. Ciri naratif adalah adanya

unsur konflik (masalah) dan resolusi (penyelesaian masalah). Jumlah

masalah atau penyelesaiannya mungkin hanya satu, mungkin juga

lebih.   Struktur Teks: * Pengenalan latar: tokoh, waktu, dan tempat:

* Pengembangan konflik; * Penyelesaian konflik; *  Koda: perubahan

yang terjadi pada tokoh atau pelajaran yang dapat dipetik dari

cerita.

Contoh 1:

It was a warm day in March. I was very excited. The day had finally

come. I was in the rowing team for the Olympics. I got up very early

and exercised as always. Then after breakfast I drove to

Drummoyne. My team arrived and at last it was time to start.

Ready, set and the starting gun went off. We began in the third

position and were slowly moving closer. There they were. We could

see the second boat and then we did it.

We moved past. My arms were aching. My whole body was sore but

we all rowed harder.

The first boat was just in front  I saw a dark shadow near the boat. I

looked again. What was it? I was sure  it was the shape of a cigar.

‘Oh my  God’,  I thought, ‘I must be seeing things. A shark in

Parramata River? Impossible!’

Just then I pulled my oar out of the water. ‘Oh no, why only half?’ I

thought. Then I knew. I shouted to my team, ‘Shark! Shark!’ and

suddenly we forgot the race. We rowed faster than ever back to

shore. We made it. Phew, we were safe!

Contoh 2:

Long ago on the top of Mount Kinabalu in Borneo, there lived a

dragon. He owned a large and beautiful pearl. People believed that

he controlled the weather with it.

The emperor of China heard this and wanted the pearl. He sent his

two sons, Wee Ping and Wee San to Borneo to steal it. The princes,

25

Page 26: Contoh Clt 1

together with one hundred soldiers, set sail for Borneo in twelve

sailing junks.

When they arrived in Borneo, The set out immediately to find the

famous mountain. Their journey up the rugged slopes of Mount

Kinabalu proved very difficult. The dragon guarded his cave very

fiercely and killed many of their soldiers.

Then Wee San had a clever idea. He climbed a tall tree, so he could

see the dragon’s cave. He noted what time the dragon left his cave

to hunt for food and what time he returned  to it.

Next he ordered his men to make a fake pearl and a large kite. He

waited until the dragon left his cave. Then he placed the fake pearl

in a bag, slung it across his shoulder and flew up to the mountain-

top on the kite. He exchanged the real pearl for the fake one and

then his brother pulled his kite back to the ground.

The brothers quickly returned to their ships and set sail for China.

They sailed safely home. The emperor was thrilled with the pearl

and gave a big party to celebrate his sons’ return.

6.DESCRIPTIVE

Tujuan Komunikatif :   Struktur Teks: ciri-ciri seseorang, suatu benda

atau tempat tertentu.   * Pengenalan benda, orang atau sesuatu

yang akan dideskripsikan. * Deskripsi: menggambarkan ciri-ciri

benda tersebut,misalnya berasal dari mana, warnanya, ukurannya,

kesukaannya dsb. Deskripsi ini hanya memberikan informasi

mengenai benda atau orang tertentu yang sedang dibahas saja,

misalnya deskripsi tentang ‘My Dog’. Ciri-ciri ‘anjing saya’ tersebut

dapat berbeda dengan anjing yang lain.

What is descdiptive text?

The Definition and Purpose of Descriptive Text

Descriptive text is a text which say what a person or a thing is like.

Its purpose is to describe and reveal a particular person, place, or

thing.The Generic Structure of Descriptive Text

26

Page 27: Contoh Clt 1

Descriptive text has structure as below:

Identification; identifying the phenomenon to be described.

Description; describing the phenomenon in parts, qualities, or/and

characteristics.

The Language Feature of Descriptive Text

Using attributive and identifying process.

Using adjective and classifiers in nominal group.

Using simple present tense

Contoh 1:

Borobudur Temple

Borobudur is Hindu – Budhist temple. It was build in the nineth

century under Sailendra dynasty of ancient Mataram kingdom.

Borobudur is located in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia.

Borobudur is well-known all over the world. Its construction is

influenced by the Gupta architecture of India. The temple is

constructed on a hill 46 m high and consist of eight step like stone

terrace. The first five terrace are square and surrounded by walls

adorned with Budist sculpture in bas-relief. The upper three are

circular. Each of them is with a circle of bell shape-stupa. The entire

adifice is crowned by a large stupa at the centre at the centre of the

top circle. The way to the summit extends through some 4.8 km of

passage and starways. The design of borobudur which symbolizes

the structure of universe influences temples at Angkor, Cambodia.

Borobudur temple which is rededicated as an Indonesian monument

in 1983 is a valuable treasure for Indonesian people.Analyzing the

Text (Generic Structure Analysis):

Identification; identifying the phenomenon to be described in

general; Borobudur temple

Description; describing the Borobudur temple in parts; eight

terraces of Borobudur temple and its characteristics

Language Feature Analysis

Using adjective and classifiers; valuable

Using simple present tense; Borobudur is well-known,The temple is

constructed, etc

27

Page 28: Contoh Clt 1

Contoh 2:

The Ambarawa Train Museum houses 21 antique locomotives plus

two more, which are stored in the depot. These locomotives are no

longer produced; even the factories that made them no longer exist.

The main building of this museum is the defunct Ambarawa railway

station which was built in 1873. the station covers 127,500 m2.

The oldest in this museum is a locomotive made by Hartman

Chemnitz. This locomotive, with a length of 8.58 m and a width of

2.45 m, began its operation in 1891. Using wood as fuel, the steam

locomotive could run 50 km/h – its maximum speed.

A special part of a visit to this museum is a trip by train from the

Ambarawa Train Museum to the defunct Bedono train station. This

package tour is called Railway Mountain Tour. Why is the trip so

special? Because the participants will board an antique train and the

train will travel on a 4.9 kilometer-cog railway, which is the only one

in the world.

28