1. Pesawat ruang angkasa Starship Enterprise dalam serial televisi Star Trekseringkali berjalan dengan kecepatan cahaya.Bab9Teori Relativitas KhususTeori Relativitas Khusus 229Hasil yang harus Anda capai:menganalisis berbagai besaran fisis pada gejala kuantum dan batas-batasberlakunya relativitas Einstein dalam paradigma Fisika Modern.Setelah mempelajari bab ini, Anda harus mampu:memformulasikan teori relativitas khusus untuk waktu, panjang, dan massa, sertakesetaraan massa dengan energi yang diterapkan dalam teknologiA. Semua GerakBersifat RelatifB. Teori RelativitasEinsteinE6@6=C96 H6=IB:C6E6 B6CIG6 7:AIB 7G6B:C?:A6?6= EA6C:H96C7CH6C9AI6FH6H6GIFM6.6A6=G6HI@:C96A6M6C9=696E6696A6=?IBA6= 76=6C 76@6F M6C 97IHI=@6C G6C6H 76CM6@ @6F:C6 ?6F6@H:BEI=CM6 7G6 7:FDF9: H6=IC6C 86=6M66A6B ;AB;AB ;@G AB6=E:F?6A6C6C G:E:FH HI B:FIE6@6C =6A M6C 76G6 @6F:C6 E:G6K6H M6C9IC6@6C B:BA@ @:8:E6H6C M6C G6C6H HC(G6ACM6 96A6B ;AB)'' E:G6K6HM6C7:FC6B6)'(% #)'%'(B6BEI7:F?6A6C9:C6C@:8:E6H6CDF9:86=6M6 /6=I@6=C966E6=I7IC6C6CH6F6?6F6@9:C6C@:8:E6H6C 86=6M6 %@6 GI6HI 7:C96 7:F:F6@ 9:C6C @:8:E6H6C 86=6M6H:DF F:A6HJH6G @=IGIG 6@6C 7:FA6@I.6A6=G6HI BEA@6G 96F E:C:F6E6CH:DF F:A6HJH6G @=IGIG 696A6= H:F?69CM6 @DCHF6@G E:CMIGIH6C E6C?6CG:=C6 ?6F6@ H:BEI=CM6 G:B6@C E:C9:@ .:A6C @DCHF6@G E6C?6C B6G= 76CM6@ A6 E:C6FI= M6C96@76H@6C DA:= 7:C96 M6C 7:F:F6@ 9:C6C @:8:E6H6C B:C9:@6H@:8:E6H6C 86=6M66CM6@ =6A M6C H:F@:G6C H96@ B6GI@ 6@6A@6CH:H6E?@69HC?6I9:C6CB:CIC6@6CH:DFF:A6HJH6G@=IGIGH:FCM6H6AB6= 96C 96E6H 97I@H@6C!:CDB:C6;:CDB:6 B:C6F@ H:FG:7IH 6@6CC96 E:A6?6F E696 767 C Sumber: Jendela IPTEK, Energi 2. Tes Kompetensi Awal$!$*2++$+.$* ( /')-,0$.$-/'$* 1'3'1 02020)$/( ) ,* 0- *0- *!$/')21# * +!2)2* 1' ,:H@6C96B:A=6HED=DCED=DC96F96A6BBD7AM6CG:96C7:F:F6@ED=DCED=DCH:FA=6H7:F:F6@@:6F6=M6C7:FA6K6C6C96F6F6=:F6@BD7A +D=DCH:FG:7IH 9@6H6@6C 7:F:F6@ F:A6H; H:F=696E C96M6C96B 6FAIGHF6GH:FG:7IH8D76C96GBEIA@6C6E6@6=:F6@F:A6H;HI%@6C967:FA6F9:C6C@:8:E6H6C 3. @B?6B@:6F6=9:E6C996A6B@:F:H66EM6CG:96C7:F:F6@9:C6CGambar 9.1Menurut pengamat di luar keretaapi, penumpang sedang bergerakdengan kecepatan yang samadengan kecepatan kereta api.A. Semua Gerak Bersifat Relatif.:BI6 7:C96 9@6H6@6C 7:F:F6@ ?@6 @:9I9I@6C 7:C96 HI 7:FI76=H:F=696EHH@68I6C6H6I@:F6C@668I6CM6C9H:H6E@6C .:DF6CGGK6M6C G:96C 9I9I@ 9 96A6B @:F:H6 6E M6C 7:F:F6@ 9@6H6@6C 96BH96@7:F:F6@?@6@:F6C@668I6CCM6@:F:H66E @6CH:H6EG:DF6CE:C6B6H 9 AI6F @:F:H6 6E B:C6H6@6C GGK6 H:FG:7IH 7:F:F6@ 9:C6C@:8:E6H6C M6C G6B6 9:C6C @:8:E6H6C @:F:H6 6E.6B6 =6ACM6 :F6@G:7I6=E:F6=IH:FG:7IH6AF6C6FGIC6 +:F6=I96C6FIGGIC67:F:F6@H:F=696E IBDCHD= 9 6H6G B:CIC?I@@6C 76=K6 H96@ 696 7:C96M6C 7:F:F6@ BIHA6@ M6C 696 =6CM6A6= :F6@ F:A6H; /:DF):KHDCH:A6=7:F=6GAB:C?:A6G@6CE:FGHK6G:7I6=7:C96M6C7:F:F6@9:C6C@:8:E6H6CF:C96=G:E:FH8DCHD=8DCHD=:F6@H:FG:7IH @6C H:H6E H:DFCM6 H96@ 7:F=6GA B:C?:A6G@6C E:FGHK6 7:C96 M6C7:F:F6@ B:C9:@6H @:8:E6H6C 86=6M6 G:E:FH G:?IBA6= :A:@HFDC M6C9E:F8:E6H B:A6AI 7:96 EDH:CG6A 4. (:1 6@6CB:C86E6 @:8:E6H6C 5. (:CIFIH B:@6C@6 ):KHDC 76=K6 @:8:E6H6C :A:@HFDC 6@6C B:C?69 ?@6 9E:F8:E6H 9:C6C EDH:CG6A G:7:G6F 6. (:1:CM6H66CB:CIC?I@@6C76=K6@:8:E6H6C:A:@HFDCH:H6EG6?6G:7:G6F 7. %:A6GA6=B:@6C@6):KHDC H96@ 96E6H 9E6@6 ICHI@ 7:C967:C96 M6C 7:F:F6@B:C9:@6H @:8:E6H6C 86=6M6 1. Transformasi Galileo+FCGEF:A6HJH6G6AA:D9@:C6A?I6G:766EFCGEF:A6HJH6G@A6G@@6F:C6 =6CM6 7:F@6H6C 9:C6C =I@IB=I@IB :F6@ ):KHDC DCHD=CM6 E:C6B6H6C H:F=696E G:DF6C GGK6 M6C G:96C 9I9I@ 996A6B @:F:H6 6E M6C 7:F:F6@ DA:= 9I6 DF6C E:C6B6H G:766 9I6@:F6C@6 68I6C 7:F7:96 DCHD= H:FG:7IH 96E6H 96B76F@6C 9:C6C B:CIC6@6C GGH:B@DDF9C6H @:F6C@6 68I6C =6A H:FG:7IH 9AI@G@6C G:E:FH+! / 6A6B HF6CG;DFB6G M6C 6@6C 9HIFIC@6C C G:A6C K6@HI M6C 986H6HDA:= E:C6B6H 996C96C6E G6B6+! / B:BE:FA=6H@6C 9I6 @:F6C@6 68I6C96C :F6C@668I6CH:F=696E 68I6C7:F:F6@ @: @6C6C G:E6C?6C GIB7I- 9:C6C@:8:E6H6C H:H6E ++696 @:F6C@6 68I6C C:FG6A 7:FA6@I 8. * * !# ,)$#:F6C@6 68I6C C:FG6A H96@ B:C6A6B E:F8:E6H6C (G6A@6C9I6DF6CE:C6B6H96CB6GCB6GC7:F69696A6B@:F6C@6 68I6C . 96C +:C6B6HM6C 7:F696 9 GH6GIC 96C6E7:F696 E696 @:F6C@6 68I6CM6C 96B96EIC E:C6B6H 7:F696YO t = 0vYSO' t = 0S'S'Y'PxXXO' X' = XY'SxV tZOZ'6Z7Z8230 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII@:8:E6H6C 9. @B?6B7:F6E6@:8:E6H6CHDH6AC96B:CIFIHE:C6B6HM6C96B9ECFF:A@:F:H6%@6 @:8:E6H6C 86=6M6 9H:B76@@6C 96F E:G6K6HGIE:FGDC@ M6C B:BA@ @:8:E6H6C G6B6 9:C6C@:8:E6H6C 7ICM BIC@C@6= @:8:E6H6C 86=6M6H:FG:7IHA:7=96FP 10. BGE66A6G6CCM6E6M6C9B6@GI99:C6C:H:F+:F8D766C6E6@6=M6CB:CIIF@6CH:DF696CM6:H:FGambar 9.2(a) Kerangka acuan S dalamkeadaan diam;(b) Kerangka acuan S' dalamkecepatan konstan v;(c) Setelah selang waktu t, beradajauh vt dari titik koordinat S'. 11. Teori Relativitas Khusus 231E696 @:F6C@6 68I6CM6C 7:F:F6@(IA6BIA696C7:FBEH 96CG:H:A6= ) G:@DCGI96= B:C:BEI= ?6F6@ +) .:7I6= 7:C967:F:F6@ @: @6C6C 9:C6C @:8:E6H6C *+696 G66H )G:@DC7:C96H:F=696E@:F6C@668I6CB:BA@@DDF9C6H- . /96CH:F=696E @:F6C@6 68I6CB:BA@ @DDF9C6H- ./ G:=C6--0+)..// O :C6C6C6E6CK6@HIM6C96B6HDA:=E:C6B6HE696@:F6C@668I6CG6B69:C6CK6@HIM6C96B6HDA:=E:C6B6H96A6B@:F6C@668I6CM6C 7:F:F6@)) O$/0 +, 7 96C 7 9@:C6A 9:C6C HF6CG;DFB6G 6AA:D /F6CG;DFB6G @:76A@6CCM6 696A6=--+)..//)) O*A:=@6F:C6))HIFIC6C-6H6I-H:F=696E)G6B69:C6CHIFIC6C-6H6I -H:F=696E ) %@6 $/0 +, 7 9HIFIC@6C H:F=696EK6@HI )6@6C 9E:FDA:= @:8:E6H6C- -+) +)- - ) ) ) ) )- *)%@6-- *)696A6= @:8:E6H6C 7:C96H:F=696E-696A6=@:8:E6H6C 7:C96 H:F=696E96C+) +)6@6C 9E:FDA:= G:7I6=7:CHI@ E:FG6B66C*-*-0+ O+696 GIB7I. 7:FA6@I .. E696 GIB7I/ 7:FA6@I //.. / /) ) ) )*.*.*/*/H6I *-*-O+*.*.*/*/ OHF6CG;DFB6G @:76A@6CCM6 696A6=*-*-+*.*.*/*/ O:H:F6C6C*-@:8:E6H6C 7:C96 G:?6?6F -*.@:8:E6H6C 7:C96 G:?6?6F .*/ @:8:E6H6C 7:C96 G:?6?6F /:8:E6H6C 9HIFIC@6C H:F=696E K6@HI 6@6C B:C=6GA@6C E:F8:E6H6C-- *) - *)-.. *) . *). O// *) / *)/Tantanganuntuk AndaBerilah contoh ilustrasi transformasiGalileo yang ada di sekitar Anda. 12. :F96G6F@6C $/0 +, 7 96E6H 9@6H6@6C 76=K6 E:F8:E6H6C7:C9696A6B@:F6C@668I6CG6B69:C6CE:F8:E6H6C7:C9696A6B@:F6C@6 68I6C(6GG6 7:C969E6C96C 96F @:F6C@6 68I6C 96C96C6E H:H6E G6B6 B6@6 6M6 E696 @:F6C@6 68I6C96C B:C?69 G6B6 EIA6 M6HI96C G:=C66FIF66CH:FG:7IH96E6H96B7A@:GBEIA6C76=K6 13. * *,)$#)#)# '# %'(# '(*)* # ))% ( ! (* '#*# #'(! Contoh 9.1.:7I6= @:F:H6 6E 7:F:F6@ 9:C6C @:8:E6H6C@B?6B.:DF6C E:CIBE6C7:F?6A6C96A6B@:F:H69:C6C@:8:E6H6C@B?6BG:6F6=9:C6C@:F:H6 :F6E6@:8:E6H6CE:CIBE6CH:FG:7IHH:F=696EDF6CM6C96B9H:EF:A 4 !:C6CB:CIC6@6C$/0 +,7*-*-0+*F6CM6C96B9H:EF:AG:766@:F6C@668I6C :F:H66EM6C7:F:F6@H:F=696EDF6CM6C96BG:766@:F6C@668I6C :8:E6H6CE:CIBE6CH:F=696E@:F6C@668I6C696A6=*-@B?6B :C6C9:B@6C@:8:E6H6CE:CIBE6C*-H:F=696EM6C96B696A6=*-*-+ @B?6B 2. Percobaan MichelsonMorley:?6A6 M6C H6BE6@ E696 :ADB76C H6A :ADB76C E:FBI@66C 6F6H6I :ADB76C 7ICM B:CIC?I@@6C 76=K6 :ADB76C 96E6H B:F6B76HB:A6AI GI6HI B:9IB M6C B:C?6A6F@6C :H6F6C 96F GI6HI H:BE6H @:H:BE6H A6CCM6*A:= @6F:C6 86=6M6 ?I6 96E6H 96C6E G:766:ADB76C6E6@6=M6CB:BIC@C@6CB:F6B76HCM6:ADB76C86=6M696F(6H6=6F@:IBG:96C@6CG:766C7:G6F96:F6=6CH6F6(6H6=6F96C IB 696A6= FI6C =6BE60CHI@ B:C?6K67 E:FH6CM66C C E696 6769 @: E6F6 6=AB:C6?I@6C GI6HI =EDH:GG M6C 9@:C6A 9:C6C %$)(( )'(:CIFIH=EDH:GG C :ADB76C 86=6M6 96F (6H6=6F @: IB 96E6H B:F6B76HB:A6AIGI6HIB:9IBM6C9C6B6@6C:H:F (:9IBCH:F96E6H9B6C6B6C6 9 6A6B C H:FB6GI@ FI6C =6BE6:C6C 696CM6 =EDH:GG CICHI@ G:B:CH6F6 96E6H B:C=C96F@6C @:GI@6F6C H:CH6C B:9IBE:F6B76H6C :ADB76C 86=6M6 +696 '$*0-,96C-/*$5B:A6@I@6C:@GE:FB:CICHI@ B:B7I@H@6C @:7:F6966C :H:F @GE:FB:C C 9A6@I@6C 9:C6CB:CI@IF G:AG= K6@HI 6CH6F6 @:A6?I6C 86=6M6 @:H@6 7:F:F6@ G:?6?6F96CH:6@AIFIG:H:F 6FC9696E6HB:B6=6B:@GE:FB:C(8=:AGDC(DFA:MCE:F=6H@6CAIGHF6GH:CH6C:F6@E:F6=IM6C7:F:F6@G:6F6=9:C6C 6AF6C GIC6 96C :F6@ E:F6=I M6C 7:F:F6@ B:CM:7:F6CGIC6 H:6@ AIFIG 9:C6C 6AF6C GIC6+696+! / E:F6=I 7:F:F6@EIA6CE:FB:CM:7:F6CGIC696FHH@(@:)96C@:B76A@: ( A6 9:C6C 6F6= H:6@ AIFIG 6AF6C GIC6 M6C 7:F:F6@ 9:C6C@:8:E6H6C+ 0CHI@B:A6@I@6CE:CM:7:F6C6CC6F6=:F6@6CCM6=6FIG9BFC@6C@:@FICHI@B:CB76C6FIGGIC6G:E:FH9E:FA=6H@6CE696 +! /:G6FF:GIAH6C96F@:8:E6H6CE:F6=I96C@:8:E6H6C6AF6C GIC6 + 96E6H 9HIAG@6C G:766 7:F@IH aliran sungaiGambar 9.3NvcM2 2 v c vGerak perahu bolak-balik yangtegak lurus aliran sungai.v NMGambar 9.4cDiagram arah kecepatan perahudan aliran sungai.232 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII 14. valiran sungaic + vc vM OGambar 9.5Gerak perahu yang searah danberlawanan dengan aliran sungai.IngatlahTeori Relativitas Khusus 233vcv 2 2 O%@6E6C?6CACH6G6C(@:)696A6=!K6@HIM6C9E:FAI@6CICHI@B:CM:7:F6C GIC6 696A6=%69 ICHI@ EIA6C E:F B:CM:7:F6C+GIC6 97IHI=@6C K6@HI) + + O.:@6F6C E:F=6H@6C+! / 15. +:F6=I 7:F:F6@ 7DA6@76A@96F HH@ ( @: * A6AI @:B76A @: ( A6+6C?6C ACH6G6C 96F ( @: *G6B6 9:C6C E6C?6C ACH6G6C 96F ( @: ) M6HI ! +696 G:E6FI=E:F?6A6C6CCM6 M6C E:FH6B6 @:8:E6H6CCM6 976CHI DA:= 6AF6C GIC6G:=C6 ICHI@ B:C:BEI= G:?6I= 9E:FAI@6C K6@HI+@6CH:H6EE696K6@HIG:E6FI=E:F?6A6C6CCM6ICHI@@:B76A:F6@CM6?IGHFIB:A6K6C 6FIG G:=C6 9E:FAI@6C K6@HI+ ICHI@ B:C:BEI= ?6F6@M6C G6B6 M6HI G:E6C?6C:C6C 9:B@6C G:AIFI= E:F?6A6C6CE:F6=IEIA6C E:F B:B:FAI@6C K6@HI )++:CHI@ H:FG:7IH 96E6H 9HIAG ?I6 9:C6C)++++)+ + ++ +:FG6B66C H:FG:7IH 96E6H ?I6 9HIAG@6C)+ )+O 16. 0CHI@ @6GIG :F6@ IB 9 96A6B :H:F 9IC6@6C 6C6AD G:7667:F@IH:A6?I6C GIC6 96C6AD@6C G:766 @:A6?I6C :H:F 96C @:A6?I6CE:F6=I 96C6AD@6C G:766 86=6M66A6B @DCH:@G C ) 7:F6FH K6@HIM6C9H:BEI=86=6M6@:H@6ACH6G6CCM6H:6@AIFIG9:C6C6F6=@:A6?I6C:H:F G:96C@6C ) 696A6= K6@HI M6C 9H:BEI= 86=6M6 @:H@6 ACH6G6CCM6G:?6?6F H:F=696E 6F6= @:A6?I6C :H:F.:AG= K6@HI 6CH6F6 ) 96C ) 696A6=)O) O + +)O) + O + Oa2 b2 = (a + b)(a b) 17. 0CHI@B:CM:A:G6@6CE:FG6B66CH:FG:7IH9IC6@6C9:F:H7CDB6AM6HI -# perjalanan Asinardatang234 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII# - # - # -# # -#96C### # #O .I@I +E696 $/0 +, 7 96E6H 9HIAG@6C 96A6B 7:CHI@9:F:H 7CDBC6A 9:C6C B:C6C6AD@6C + G:766 - 96C E6C@6HOG:766 # B6@6 6@6C 996E6H@6C +#-##O - ++*A:=@6F:C6 18. BG96C + 7:FDF9: @:8A CA6+G6C6H@:8AG:@6AG:=C6+ 19. %69E:FG6B66C9:F:HCDBC6AH:FG:7IH96E6H9HIAG@6C ++:C6C 86F6 M6C G6B6 B6@6 + 96E6H 9HIAG@6C 96A6B7:CHI@ 9:F:H CDBC6A G:766 7:F@IH++ B6@6)O) + O+ )O) + O + )O) +O +696 E:F8D766C (8=:AGDCO(DFA:M M6C G@:B6CM6 H:FA=6H E696 +! / E6C?6CACH6G6CM6C9IC6@6C696A6=B 96EIC@:A6?I6C :H:F + 696A6= @:A6?I6C FDH6G IB M6HIP 20. BG*A:=@6F:C6 HI G:AG= K6@HI 86=6M6 M6C G:?6?6F :H:F 96C H:6@ AIFIG :H:F96E6H 9=HIC )O) BP 21. BGP 22. BGP 23. BGP 24. O GTantanganuntuk AndaAgar Anda lebih memahami tentangderet binomial. Kerjakan contoh-contohberikut.1. (1 x2)32. (1 + 2x)3Gambar 9.6Skema percobaan Michelson-Morley.cermin 2cermin 1aliran eterlayarpengamatkacasetengahcermin 25. /:F6C@6C @:H:F@6H6C #I@IB ):KHDC 96CHF6CG;DFB6G6AA:D .:7IH@6C A6H6F 7:A6@6C E6F6 ;G@6K6C 6769 @: 96A6BB:M6@C696CM6:H:F/:F6C@6CB:HD9:E:F8D766C(DFA:M(8=:AGDC96C@:GBEIA6C6E6@6=M6C96E6H9E:FDA:=96FE:F8D766C(DFA:M(8=:AGDCTeori Relativitas Khusus 235.:AG= K6@HI C G6C6H @:8A 96C H96@ BIC@C 96B6H G:86F6B6CI6A )6BIC?@69IC6@6C86F686F6DEH@=6AC6@6CB:B7:F@6C@:H:AH6C M6C G6C6H HC.6A6= G6HICM6 B:A6AI EDA6 CH:F;:F:CG :F@6G 86=6M6 M6C 9E6CHIA@6C 96C 9H:FIG@6C DA:= @686 G:H:C6=8:FBC H:CHI B:BA@ ;6G: M6C 7:F7:96 G:=C6 6@6C H:FA=6H GI6HIEDA6 CH:F;:F:CG%@6 96B6H B:A6AI A6M6F E:C6B6H 6@6CB:BE:FA=6H@6C E:F7:966C H:FG:7IH/:FCM6H6 E:F8D766C (8=:AGDC(DFA:M G6C6H B:C:?IH@6C @6F:C6 96F =6GA E:C6B6H6C H:F=696E EDA6CH:F;:F:CG H96@ H:FA=6H E:F7:966C ;6G:#6A C 7:F6FH 76=K6 H96@H:F96E6H E:F7:966C 6CH6F6 K6@HI M6C 9E:FAI@6C DA:= 86=6M6 ICHI@EIA6C E:F 96A6B 6F6= G:?6?6F 9:C6C 6AF6C :H:F 96C 6F6= H:6@ AIFIGH:F=696E 6AF6C :H:F I6 =6A E:CHC M6C 96E6H 9GBEIA@6C 96F E:F8D766C(8=:AGDCO(DFA:M M6HI G:766 7:F@IH 6#EDH:GG H:CH6C B:9IB M6C 9G:7IH :H:F H96@ 96E6H 97I@H@6C :C6C @6H6 A6C :H:F HI H96@ 696 7:8:E6H6C 86=6M6 696A6= G6B6 ICHI@ G:6A6 6F6= H96@ 7:F6CHICE696 :F6@ IB Tes Kompetensi Subbab A$/( ) ,* . # !2)2* 1' ,66B6C6@6=E6C96C6CB6CIG6H:F=696E?6A6CCM6E:F6B76H6C:ADB76C86=6M696F(6H6=6FG6BE69 IB E696 6769 @:66B6C6@6= EIA6E:FB6G6A6=6CH:FG:7IH9G:A:G6@6CE6966K6A6769@: (:C6E6G:BI6:F6@7:C9696E6H9@6H6@6C:F6@F:A6H; 96C 766B6C6@6= @:9I9I@6C 6CH6F6 :F6@F:A6H;M6CG6HI96CM6CA6CCM6%:A6G@6C B. Teori Relativitas Einstein#6GAE:F8D766C(8=:AGDC(DFA:MB:B7I@H@6C76=K6:H:FG:766B:9IB F6B76H6C 86=6M6 HI H96@ 696+696 26. *!$/1 ',01$',B:CIGIA@6CGI6HIH:DFH:CH6C@:8:E6H6C86=6M6 /:DFCB:CM6H6@6C76=K6 ('%)# . ! ( *#)*(* ' # '! **#)*(* )%)) '. # ## )'#)*# % ' (*' *%*# %#)#./:DF C 9G:7IH )$' '!)+)(*(*(CGH:C B:C:BI@6@6C 9I6 EDGHIA6HCM6 M6HI G:766 7:F@IH :A6?I6C86=6M69FI6C=6BE6@:G:6A66F6=696A6=BIHA6@H96@7:F6CHIC E696 :F6@ GIB7:F 86=6M6 B6IEIC E:C6B6H #I@IB=I@IB ;G@6 B:@6C@6 ):KHDC B:BA@ 7:CHI@ M6CG6B6 E696 G:BI6 @:F6C@6 68I6C C:FG6A +DGHIA6H E:FH6B6 BIC8IA 6@76H BEA@6G 7:G6F6C7:G6F6C ;GG M6CG6C6H AI6G 9 B6C6 #I@IB (:@6C@6 ):KHDCG:E:FH @:8:E6H6C H96@7:FA6@I ICHI@ 86=6M6(:CIFIH ',01$', K6@HI ) H96@ G6B6 9:C6C )G:=C6 F:A6HJH6G ):KHDC 96C HF6CG;DFB6G 6AA:D H96@ 96E6H9IC6@6C:G6F6C @:8:E6H6C K6@HI E6C?6C 96C B6GG6 7:C96G:BI6CM6 7:FG;6H F:A6H; Kata Kunci transformasi Galileo kerangka acuan eter kecepatan cahaya 27. Gambar 9.7Dua kerangka acuan S dan S',dengan S' memiliki kecepatan(v) relatif terhadap S.1. Transformasi Lorentz6F IF66C G:7:AIBCM6 9@:H6=I 76=K6 HF6CG;DFB6G 6AA:D H96@96E6H 9IC6@6C ICHI@ B:C?:A6G@6C H:DFCGH:C0CHI@ B:C?:A6G@6CH:DFCGH:C C 9IC6@6C HF6CG;DFB6G 'DF:CHN/F6CG;DFB6G M6C9@:BI@6@6CDA:=-/$,167:FA6@IIBIB FHCM6HF6CG;DFB6GCH96@=6CM6 7:FA6@I ICHI@ @:8:E6H6C@:8:E6H6C M6C B:C9:@6H @:8:E6H6C86=6M6 H:H6E ?I6 7:FA6@I ICHI@ @:8:E6H6C@:8:E6H6C M6C ?6I= A:7=@:8A 96F @:8:E6H6C 86=6M6 +:F=6H@6C+! / (:CIFIH HF6CG;DFB6G 6AA:D 996E6H@6C--+)/H@96CB6GCB6GCB:FIE6@6CEIG6H@DDF9C6H96FG@IG@I -./ 96C - . /+696 ) 28. @:9I6 GIB7I 7:FBEH.IB7I - ./7:F:G:F@:@6C6CG:E6C?6CGIB7I-9:C6C@:8:E6H6CH:H6E+ .:H:A6=) G:@DC ?6F6@696A6=+ )0CHI@ HH@M6C H:FA:H6@ E696GIB7I- ?@6 @DDF9C6HCM6 9CM6H6@6C 9:C6C - 96C - 6@6C B:B:CI==I7IC6C236 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII-- --+) O 6A6B =6A C E:C6B6H 9 96C B:CIC6@6C G:A6C K6@HI M6C9BIA6 E696 G66H 7:FG6B66C.:6C96CM6 HH@?I6 7:F:F6@ @: @6C6CG:E6C?6C GIB7I - 9:C6C @:8:E6H6C H:H6E H:F=696E E:C6B6H @:9I6 9 G:7:G6F + @:9I9I@6C H:F=696E GIB7I- 96C - M6HIICHI@))- - +) ICHI@)) --+) O ICHI@)) --+)%69 76@ E:C6B6H E:FH6B6B6IEIC E:C6B6H @:9I6 B:CIC6@6C K6@HI )) ) )C@6C H:H6E ?@6 G:A6C K6@HIE:C6B6HE:FH6B696CE:C6B6H@:9I697:96@6C9:C6C)96C) 0CHI@E:C6B6HE:FH6B6696A6=) )) )C96CICHI@E:C6B6H@:9I6696A6=)) ) )#$/0 +, 7 29. E:FAI 9CM6H6@6C 96A6B ) =6A C7:F6FH C96 96E6H B:C6A@6C 9:C6C GI6HI @DCGH6CH6 M6C 9G:7IH))%# )'#($'(:C6C 9:B@6C ?@6 HF6CG;DFB6G C 96C6EAC:6F $/0 +, 7 B:C?69- -+) O %@6 @:F6C@6 68I6CH:F=696E @:F6C@6 68I6C7:F:F6@ @: @6C6C9:C6C @:8:E6H6C H:H6E + @:F6C@6 68I6CH:F=696E96E6H 96C6E7:F:F6@ F:A6H; @: @F 9:C6C @:8:E6H6C +#I7IC6C - 96C - B:C?69- -0+) O .I7GHHIG@6C $/0 +, 7@: 96A6B $/0 +, 7 G:=C6- 4 -0+)+)5- -0+) +))) - + O z z'PXvtX'y y'vx = x'S S' 30. Sumber: Science Encyclopedia, 1998Teori Relativitas Khusus 237(G6A@6C @:8:E6H6C H:F=696E @:F6C@6 68I6C96C696A6=@:8:E6H6C86=6M6*- 31. (:CIFIH CGH:C@:8:E6H6C86=6M6H:F=696E@:F6C@668I6CE:C6B6HE:FH6B69G6B67:G6FCM6M6HI*- 6FGC996E6H=I7IC6C-)96C-)G:=C6$/0 +,7B:C?69) -0+) O :C6C B:C6CH ) E696 $/0 +, 7 9E:FDA:= 32. ) - - +)+0CHI@ B:C?:A6G@6C E:FG6B66C H:FG:7IH @IH A6C@6=A6C@6= 7:F@IH C 6A@6C G:H6E GI@I G:GI6 9:C6C G;6H @DBIH6H;)-+ -+) IBEIA@6C GI@IGI@I M6C B:BA@ J6F67:A - 9 FI6G @F96C M6C B:BA@ J6F67:A ) 9 FI6G @6C6C -+O- O) O+) 6A@6C 9:C6C O- O-+) +) :AI6F@6C J6F67:A - 9 FI6G @F 33. - +)+) .IGIC E:FG6B66C G:=C6 9 FI6G @F =6CM6 696 J6F67:A --) +)+)+ +6A@6C 9:C6C-) ++ +) ++.:E:FHH:A6=976=6GG:7:AIBCM6B:CIFIH CGH:C- ) *A:=@6F:C6HI 96E6H 9HIAG@6C)) ++TokohH.A. Lorentz(18531928)Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (18531928) adalah seorang fisikawanBelanda yang kali pertama me-ngemukakantentang pemantulandan pembiasan cahaya, ditinjau dariteori bahwa cahaya termasukgelombang elektromagnetik. Teoriini dikembangkan oleh James ClerkMaxwell yang menyatakan bahwacahaya terdiri atas gelombang listrikdan gelombang magnetik dengansudut yang berbeda. Lorentz jugamemprediksi keberadaan elektron.Beliau menerima hadiah Nobeltahun 1902 dalam bidang fisika ataspenelitiannya mengenai medanmagnet. Dalam bab teori relativitas,Lorentz berjasa dalam teorinyamengenai Transformasi Lorentz. 34. B6@6238 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII++ +++ +O++O 35. @=FCM6 =6GA HF6CG;DFB6G 'DF:CHN 96E6H 9HIAG G:766 7:F@IH --O+) +-O+)- +)+..// O)+- )) +)+-) +-+O$/0 +, 7 9@:BI@6@6C DA:= $,#/') ,1--, -/$,16G:DF6C ;G@6K6C :A6C96 E696 36. +:FG6B66C H:FG:7IH 96E6H 9E6@6ICHI@ B:C=HIC E6FH@:AE6FH@:A M6C 7:F:F6@ 8:E6H/F6CG;DFB6G'DF:CHN C 6@6C H:F:9I@G B:C?69 HF6CG;DFB6G 6AA:D 6E67A6 @:A6?I6C+ ?6I= A:7= @:8A 96F @:A6?I6C 86=6M6 + 2. Transformasi Kecepatan dari Lorentz+DGHIA6HF:A6HJH6G@=IGIGB:CM6H6@6C76=K6@:A6?I6C86=6M696A6BFI6C =6BE6 B:BA@ =6F6 M6C G6B6 ICHI@ G:BI6 E:C6B6H H96@7:F6CHIC E696 :F6@ F:A6H;CM6.:7:F@6G 86=6M6 M6C 9E6C86F@6C96A6B @:F6C@6 68I6CE696 6F6= :F6@CM6 9:C6C @:A6?I6C + F:A6H;H:F=696E @:F6C@66@6C B:BA@ @:A6?I6C + 9I@IF 96F.:@6F6C C96 HC?6I G:GI6HI M6C 7:F:F6@ F:A6H; H:F=696E@:9I6CM6 M6HI96C +:C6B6H 9B:CI@IF @:H6 @DBEDC:C@:8:E6H6C 96A6BM6HITantanganuntuk AndaDengan cara yang sama seperti padaPersamaan (921), turunkanpersamaan transformasi kecepatanrelativistik sehingga didapatkanhasil seperti Persamaan (922). 37. Teori Relativitas Khusus 239- . / ++- . /) ) )96EIC E:C6B6H 96A6BB:C96E6H- . / ++ - ). )/) :C6C B:C9;;:F:CG6A@6C $/0 +, 7 9E:FDA:=- + )- . . / / +) + -)+G:=C6 - +)- -+ - + -- +) + )) ) + - ) + - + - )+ + + + +- -+6H6I+ - -+ + + +--O:C6C 86F6 M6C G6B6 C96 ?I6 6@6C B:C96E6H@6C HF6CG;DFB6G@:8:E6H6C F:A6HJGH@ ICHI@ GIB7I. 96C GIB7I/ +.+ ++ + . -+.+ +. -+ +O+/+ ++ + / -+/+ +/ -+ +Tantanganuntuk AndaDengan menggunakan transformasiLorentz, buktikan bahwa kecepatancahaya untuk pengamat yang diamdan pengamat yang bergerakdengan kecepatan v adalah sama. 38. Gambar 9.8Sebuah meteran yang bergeraksebesar 87% dari kecepatancahaya, panjangnya hanya terlihatsetengahnya oleh pengamat yangdiam.Contoh 9.2.:7I6=E:G6K6H6C@6G67:F@:A6?I6C 39. H:F=696EIB %@6E:G6K6H6C@6G6B:A:K6H9:C6C@:A6?I6CF:A6H; 40. H:F=696EE:G6K6H7:F6E6@6=@:A6?I6CE:G6K6HH:F=696EIB 4 !:C6CB:CIC6@6C$/0 +,7 9E:FDA:=+ + 41. 3. Akibat Prinsip Relativitas Khususa. Kontraksi Lorentz/:DF F:A6HJH6G B:B76K6 E:C6FI= H:F=696E E:CI@IF6C E6C?6CGI6HI 7:C96 M6C 7:F:F6@ H:F=696E G:DF6C E:C6B6H+:FI76=6CE6C?6C GI6HI 7:C96 6@76H :F6@6C F:A6H; E:C6B6H 6H6I 7:C96 9G:7IH $#)' ( $'#)/ 6H6I %#.*(*)# %## !#) $#)')$# +6C?6C 6H6I ?6F6@ 7I@6CA6= G:GI6HI M6C BIHA6@ H:H6E G:GI6HIM6C F:A6H;+696 96G6FCM6 ICHI@ B:CI@IF ?6F6@ C96 =6FIG B:A=6H@:9I9I@6C 9I6 HH@ G:86F6 G:F:CH6@#I7IC6C ?6F6@ 6CH6F6 9I6@:F6C@668I6C96E6H96B76F@6C9:C6C86F6G:9:F=6C6G:E:FH7:F@IHC .:7I6= GIB7:F 86=6M6E696 @:F6C@6 68I6C7:F:F6@ 9:C6C@:8:E6H6C+H:F=696E@:F6C@668I6C .I6HI@:AE86=6M69E6C86F@6C96FGIB7:FH:FG:7IH96C9E6CHIA@6CDA:=G:7I6=8:FBCM6C7:F?6F6@ 42. 96F GIB7:F .:766 68I6C 9H:BE6H@6C G:7I6= BGH6F 96B M6C9IC6@6C ICHI@ B:C6C96 ?6F6@ M6C 9H:BEI= DA:= 86=6M6 EIA6C76A@ 96F GIB7:F @: 8:FBC 96C @:B76A @: GIB7:F26@HI ) M6C9E:FAI@6C ICHI@ EIA6C E:F 86=6M6 H:FG:7IH 696A6= G:766 7:F@IH 240 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII 43. )OC96@6C E6C?6C BGH6F M6C 96B6H 96F @:F6C@6696A6= 96C K6@HI M6C 9E:FAI@6C DA:= @:AE 86=6M6 7:F:F6@ 96F GIB7:F @:8:FBC 696A6= ) B6@6 E6C?6C ACH6G6C HDH6A 96F GIB7:F @: 8:FBC7I@6C B:A6C@6C 696A6=+ )O*A:= @6F:C6 @:AE 86=6M6 7:F:F6@ 9:C6C @:8:E6H6CB6@6 )O ---++ + 44. - +%69@:A6?I6CE:G6K6HF:A6H;H:F=696EIB 45. A:7=@:8A96F@:8:E6H6C86=6M6 (:CIFIHB:@6C@6@:8:E6H6CE:G6K6HH:F=696EIB 46. CH96@BIC@C 47. v = 0 v = 0,995 cv = 0,87 c v = 0,999 cTeori Relativitas Khusus 241%@6 @:9I6 $/0 +, 796C $/0 +, 7 967IC9E:FDA:= ) J ) G:=C6) + O0CHI@ @:B76A @: GIB7:F ?6F6@ M6C 9H:BEI= 86=6M6 A:7= E:C9:@@6F:C6 9A=6H 96F @:F6C@6GIB7:F 96C 8:FBC G6AC B:C9:@6H %@6 K6@HI M6C 9E:FAI@6C DA:= 86=6M6 ICHI@ @:B76A 696A6= ) B6@6O+ ) O96C) O 48. 9:C6C 86F6 M6C G6B6 9E:FDA:=)+O 26@HI HDH6A ))) ICHI@ E:F?6A6C6C EIA6C E:F @:AE 86=6M69A=6H 96F696A6=) ++ ) + O.6BE6 E696 H6=6E C C96 =6FIG B:CC6H @:B76A E:B76=6G6CH:CH6C HF6CG;DFB6G 'DF:CHN M6HI GI6HI @DCGH6CH6 9E:FAI@6C ICHI@B:CM:H6F6@6C E:C6B6H6C E696 @:F6C@6 68I6C G 96C @:F6C@6 68I6C G))))) )+*A:=@6F:C6 ) 49. 6@6C 996E6H@6C+ + 50. +O6H6I 51. +OGambar 9.9Semakin besar kecepatan bola,ukuran bola akan semakinmengecil.v = cTantanganuntuk AndaPerhatikan kembali Persamaan(926) dan Persamaan (929).Diskusikan dengan teman sekelasAnda tentang pengertian fisispersamaan-persamaan tersebut.Kemudian, carilah analogi tentangkejadian pada persamaan tersebutdalam kehidupan sehari-hari. 52. Gambar 9.10(a) Sebuah bangunan yang dilihatoleh pengamat yang diam;(b) Bangunan yang dilihat olehpengamat yang bergeraksangat cepat;(c) Diagram yang memperlihatkanbagaimana bagian sisi dindingdapat terlihat.$/0 +, 7B:CM6H6@6C 76=K6 7:C96 M6C E6C?6CCM6 53. ?@6 96B6H DA:= E:C6B6H M6C 7:F:F6@ G:?6?6F E6C?6CCM6 9:C6C@:8:E6H6C + 7:C96 6@6C H:FA=6H B:C6A6B E:FI76=6C E6C?6C+6C?6CM6C H:FA=6H DA:= E:C6B6H M6C 7:F:F6@ 696A6= 54. + @6F:C6 +B6@6 :H:F6C6CE6C?6C 7:C96 7:F:F6@ M6C 96B6H DA:= @:F6C@6 M6C 96BE6C?6C 7:C96 M6C 96B E696 GI6HI @:F6C@6 68I6C 55. +@:8:E6H6C 7:C96 H:F=696E @:F6C@6 96B@:8:E6H6C 86=6M6P 56. BG%69 E6C?6C 7:C96 G:DA6= DA6= B:CMIGIH:?6A6 C 9G:7IH@DCHF6@G E6C?6C#6A C 9@:BI@6@6C DA:= -/$,16 G:=C6@DCHF6@GCM6 9G:7IH$#)' ( $'#)/ Contoh 9.3.:7I6=7:C9696A6B@:6966C96BE6C?6CCM6 57. B:H:F :C96HI7:F:F6@9:C6C@:8:E6H6C 58. G:6F6=9:C6CE6C?6CCM6 #HICA6=E6C?6C7:C96G66H7:F:F6@4 !@:H6=I 59. B:H:F+ 60. :C6CB:CIC6@6C$/0 +,7 61. + 62. %69E6C?6C7:C96G66H7:F:F6@696A6=B:H:F 63. B:H:F Contoh 9.4.:7I6=76H6CH:F@6HE696G:7I6=FD@:HM6CG:96CB:AIC8IF9:C6C@:A6?I6C 64. B:H:F 242 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII(:CIFIH6K6@E:G6K6HE6C?6C76H6C696A6=B:H:F :F6E6@6=E6C?6C76H6CH:FG:7IHB:CIFIHE:C6B6HM6C96BH:F=696EIB 4 !@:H6=IB+ 65. +%69E6C?6C76H6CB:CIFIHE:C6B6HM6C96BH:F=696EIB696A6= B:H:F #6AC7:F6FH76=K6E6C?6C76H6CHIA:7=E:C9:@?@69E6C96C96FIB b. Dilatasi Waktu',01$', B:CM6H6@6C 76=K6 K6@HI 696A6= G:GI6HI M6C F:A6H;#6AC 96E6H 9AIGHF6G@6C 9:C6C :F6@ 86=6M6 9 96A6B GI6HI @:F6C@668I6C M6C 7:F:F6@:BI96C :F6@ 86=6M6 H:FG:7IH 96B6H 96F@:F6C@6 68I6C M6C 96B G:E:FH E696+! /:F6C@668I6C7:F:F6@9:C6C@:8:E6H6CF:A6H;H:F=696E@:F6C@6.:DF6C E:C6B6H E696 @:F6C@6B:C6F6=@6C G:7I6= GIB7:F86=6M6 @: G:7I6= 8:FBC M6C ?6F6@CM6 H:FA=6H G:E:FH+! / 6 78B ACC C DvB B AO 66. cerminpengamatDt0dO = O'cerminc dO O'v Dt Dt 67. 67waktuwaktuwaktu 1 waktu 2Teori Relativitas Khusus 243+696 6B76F H:FA=6H 76=K6 86=6M6 M6C 9E6C86F@6C 99E6CHIA@6C@:B76A G:E6C?6C 6FG M6C G6B6 G:E:FH M6C 96B6H 96A6B @:F6C@6 26@HI EIA6C E:F @:AE 86=6M6 996F@: 8:FBC 96C @:B76A@:696A6= 68. ) ) 69. 6H6I O:?696C 9?@6 9E6C96C DA:= E:C6B6H M6C 7:F696 E696@:F6C@696E6H9A=6HE696 +! /!M6CB:BE:FA=6H@6C76=K6ACH6G6C86=6M6K6@HIE:FH96@A6=G6B69:C6CK6@HIEIA6C %@6G:A6CK6@HI EIA6CE:FB:CIFIH E:C6B6H9696A6= )?6F6@ 6CH6F696C696A6=+ )96EICACH6G6C86=6M6696A6= 6F6B76FH:FA=6H76=K6)9:C6C+ )) +)O%@6 $/0 +, 7 70. 967IC@6C @: 96A6B $/0 +, 79E:FDA:=) ) 71. + ) O%@6 $/0 +, 79@I69F6H@6C 9E:FDA:=) + ) 72. ) 73. )) 74. + )) O ) 75. + )) O +) 76. .:A6C?IHCM6 9E:FDA:= =I7IC6C 6CH6F6 t96C t M6C 96E6H9FIBIG@6C G:766 7:F@IH 77. ))+ O:H:F6C6C+@:8:E6H6CF:A6H;E:C6B6HM6C7:F:F6@H:F=696EE:C6B6HM6C96B)G:A6CK6@HI 9I@IF DA:= E:C6B6H M6C F:A6H; 7:F:F6@) 78. G:A6C K6@HI 9I@IF DA:= E:C6B6H M6C F:A6H; 96BGambar 9.11(a) Kelip cahaya pulang balikdipancarkan di O dipandang olehpengamat di S'; (b) Kelip cahaya diS' dipandang dari S. 79. Contoh 9.5.I6HIE6FH@:AB:BA@K6@HI=9IEP 80. OG:@DCM6HIK6@HIE6FH@:AHIBIA6696=C6BIGC6=G6B6G:@6A :F6E6@6=K6@HI=9IEE6FH@:AHI?@667:F:F6@9:C6C@:A6?I6C 81. 4 !@:H6=I) 82. P 83. OG:@DC+O 84. 9:H@ 85. Mari Mencari Tahu.6A6=G6HI7I@H@:7:C6F6CH:DFF:A6HJH6G696A6=;6@H6@:7:F6966C*$#9IB 6FA6=C;DFB6GH:CH6C*$#C96F7:F766GIB7:F96C7I6HA6=F:GIB:96FC;DFB6GM6CC9696E6H@6C IBEIA@6CF:GIB:C96@:E696IFI -:GIB:H:F76@9EF:G:CH6G@6C96C99G@IG@6C99:E6C@:A6G 244 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII ))+ 5. Momentum dan Massa Relativistik#I@IB ):KHDC H:CH6C :F6@ B:CM6H6@6C 76=K6 ?@6 E696 G:7I6=7:C96 7:FB6GG67:@:F?6 G:7I6= 6M6 @DCGH6C7:C96 H:FG:7IH 6@6C7:F:F6@9E:F8:E6H7:F6HIF6C :G6FCM6@:8:E6H6C7:C966@6C7:FH6B76=H:FIG G:GI6 K6@HI 7:F96G6F@6C =I7IC6C +)%@6 6M67:@:F?68I@IE A6B6 G:=C6 =6F6 ) G6C6H 7:G6F H96@A6= BIGH6=A A6?I 7:C96B:C?69G6C6H7:G6F 6F=6GAE:F8D766C766B6C6EIC7:G6FCM6:C:FM6C9IC6@6C7:G6FCM6@:8:E6H6CG:7I6=7:C96H96@E:FC6=B:C86E6@:8:E6H6C 86=6M6.:H6E 7:C96 M6C 7:FB6GG67:F:F6@ 9:C6C@:8:E6H6C + B:BA@ BDB:CHIB AC:6F M6C B:CIFIH B:@6C@6 @A6G@9FIBIG@6C%+ O%@6 @:8:E6H6C 7:C96 + GI6HI G66H B:C9:@6H @:8:E6H6C 86=6M6B6GG67:C966@6C7:FI76=I76= +696G66HHIBDB:CHIB7:C969G:7IHBDB:CHIB F:A6HJGH@ 0CHI@ :F6@6C:F6@6C 7:C96 9:C6C @:8:E6H6C M6C F:A6H; @:8AH96@ H:F?69 E:FI76=6C B6GG6+:FI76=6C HI 76FI H6BE6@ ?@6@:8:E6H6CCM6 B:C9:@6H @:8:E6H6C 86=6M6*A:=#()# =I7IC6CB6GG6 96B 96C B6GG6 7:F:F6@ M6C 9HC?6I 96F GI6HI E:C6B6H9FIBIG@6C G:766 7:F@IH 86. +O 87. :H:F6C6CB6GG6 7:C96 96A6B @:6966C 7:F:F6@ @ 88. B6GG6 7:C96 96A6B @:6966C 96B @+@:8:E6H6C 7:C96 BG@:8:E6H6C 86=6M6 9 I96F6 BG 89. Teori Relativitas Khusus 245%@6$/0 +,79GI7GHHIG@6C@:96A6B$/0 +,7B6@6 + 90. %+ O #I@IB :@:@6A6C (DB:CHIB 7:FA6@I 96A6B F:A6HJH6G @=IGIG G:E:FH96A6B ;G@6 @A6G@)6BIC #I@IB $$ ):KHDC B:C:C6 :F6@ 96A6BH:DF F:A6HJH6G 96E6H 9HIAG@6C G:766 7:F@IH % ++ 91. ) ) ) + O+696 E:FG6B66C++ +=6F6 ) ) )) H96@ CDA ?@6 B6GG67:C96 7:FI76= H:F=696E K6@HI6M6 F:GIAH6C E696 7:C96 G:A6AI G6B69:C6C A6?I E:FI76=6C BDB:CHIB H:F=696E K6@HI %@6B6GG696B7:C96@=HICA6=B6GG67:C967:F:F6@9:C6C@:8:E6H6C4 !:C6CB:CIC6@6C$/0 +,79E:FDA:= @ 92. +96=6AB:C6F@M6C7:F@6H6C9:C6CB6GG6F:A6HJGH@C E6@6=C96 E:F86M6 696 E6FH@:A M6C H96@ B:BA@ B6GG6 H:H6E B:BA@:C:F (:CIFIH ;G@6 @A6G@ =6A C H96@ BIC@C H:F?69 ?@6 93. + 94. + 95. @6C H:H6E ?@6 =6A C 9HC?6I B:CIFIH H:DF F:A6HJH6G 96E6H 97I@H@6C G:86F6 B6H:B6HG 76=K6 696 E6FH@:A M6C H96@ 7:FB6GG6 H:H6EB:BA@:C:F (G6A@6C696G:7I6=E6FH@:AM6C7:FB6GG6 96. 96C7:F:F6@ 9:C6C @:8:E6H6C + 97. + 98. + 99. + 100. + 101. Contoh 9.6 102. 6A6B B6H:B6H@6 103. 246 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII 104. 696A6= 7:CHI@ H96@ H:CHI G:=C6 CA6CM6G:B76F6C 7:F6E6 G6?6:GBEIA6CCM6 696A6= 696 E6FH@:A M6C H96@7:FB6GG6 B6GG6 96B H:H6E B:BA@ :C:F6A6B @:=9IE6C G:=6F=6F E6FH@:A M6C B:BA@ @6F6@H:FGH@ G:E:FH H:FG:7IH 696A6= ;DHDC96C C:IHFCD 6. Kesetaraan Massa dan Energi#I7IC6C E6AC H:F@:C6A M6C 9E:FDA:=CGH:C 96F EDGHIA6HF:A6HJH6G@=IGIG696A6=B:C:C6B6GG696C:C:F #I7IC6CCM696E6H9HIFIC@6C G:86F6 A6CGIC 96F 9:;CG :C:F @C:H@96F GI6HI7:C96 M6C 7:F:F6@ (( 105. 9:C6CB:CM6H6@6C @DBEDC:C 6M6 M6C 7:@:F?6 96A6B 6F6=E:FEC96=6C G:FH6 ( 96C ( B:CM6H6@6C ?6F6@ M6C 9H:BEI=:C6CB:B6@6 7:CHI@ F:A6HJGH@ =I@IB :F6@ @:9I6 9E:FDA:=+ )G:=C6 FIBIG6C :C:F @C:H@ B:C?69 ( + ( 106. ) 107. + + 108. +++ + +:C6C B:CIC6@6C FIBIG6C CH:F6A E6FG6A 6@6C 9E:FDA:=0 109. O#6GACB:CM6H6@6C76=K6:C:F@C:H@GI6HI7:C96G6B69:C6CE:FH6B76=6CB6GG6CM66@76H:F6@F:A6H;CM69@6A@6C9:C6C@I69F6H@:A6?I6C 86=6M6+:FG6B66C 96E6H ?I6 9HIAG0 110. O%@69BG6A@6CG:766:C:FHDH6A7:C967:C9696A6B@:6966C96B 111. H:H6E7:C96H:H6EB:BA@:C:F 112. :C6C9:B@6C 113. 9G:7IH :C:F 96B 114. 96F 7:C96 M6C B6GG6 96BCM6 115. $/0 +, 7 B:C?69 116. O:H:F6C6C 117. :C:F 96B ?DIA:%@6 7:C96 7:F:F6@ :C:F HDH6ACM6 696A6= 118. + OTantanganuntuk AndaDapatkah Anda menduga, apakahada partikel yang bergerak dengankecepatan 0,95 c dan memilikienergi sebesar E tetapi tidakmemiliki massa? 119. Ingatlahc1 11 v1 11 v1 11 v22 1 vTeori Relativitas Khusus 247*A:= @6F:C6 B6GG6 96C :C:F 7I@6C B:FIE6@6C @I6CHH6G M6C7:76G #I@IB :@:@6A6C (6GG6 96CC:F G:7:C6FCM6 B:C?69 G6HIM6HI #I@IB :@:@6A6C (6GG6 C:F(6GG6 96E6H H:F8EH6@6C 96CH:FBIGC6=@6CH:H6E?@6=6ACH:F?69G:?IBA6=:C:FM6CG:H6F6=A6C6H6I BIC8IA 96C G:76A@CM6%69 B6GG6 96C :C:F B:FIE6@6C 6GE:@M6C 7:F7:96 96F GI6HI @I6CHH6G :F6E6@6=:C:FHDH6A:C:F@C:H@96CBDB:CHIBG:7I6=EFDHDC 120. (:1M6C7:F:F6@9:C6C@:8:E6H6C+ 121. 4 ! C:FHDH6A96E6H9=HIC9:C6CB:CIC6@6C$/0 +,7 (:1 (:1 122. (:1 123. ?DIA:(:1 124. + 125. @ 126. BG#6A M6C B:C6F@ ICHI@ 976=6G B:C:C6 :C:F F:A6HJGH@ 696A6=766B6C6 B:C=HIC :C:F F:A6HJGH@ GI6HI E6FH@:A ?@6 B6GG6CM6H96@ 9@:H6=I 6H6I ?@6 E6FH@:A H:FG:7IH H96@ 7:FB6GG6 +:F=6H@6C@:B76A E:B76=6G6C E696 GI7767 G:7:AIBCM6 B:C:C6 E6FH@:A M6CH96@ 7:FB6GG6 H:H6E B:BA@ :C:F+:FG6B66C :C:F 96C BDB:CHIB F:A6HJGH@ 96E6H 9HIAG@6C G:766 7:F@IH +% 127. +%@6 @:9I6 E:FG6B66C H:FG:7IH 9@I69F6H@6C 6@6C 996E6H@6CO% 128. ++OContoh 9.76 129. +HDH P 130. :1 131. P 132. O ?DIA::1 P 133. O 134. ?DIA:7 C:F@C:H@CM6 O 135. O(:1(:1 8(DB:CHIBCM6 136. BGP 137. O@G:=C6 138. %+ 139. @BG 140. %%69BDB:CHIBCM6696A6=P 141. O @BG Perumusan integral parsial adalah: x dyxy y dxPembahasan Soal4 cAgar energi kinetik bendabernilai 25% dari energi diamnyadan c adalah kelajuan cahayaruang hampa, benda harusbergerak dengan kelajuan ....a. d. 34b. 2 ce.45cc.35cUMPTN 1998Pembahasan:Energi kinetik relativitas adalahEk = m0c2 2 c2Dengan menggunakan Ek =14 m0c2 = m0c2 2 c2Jadi, 2 c2= 14; atau2211 vc= 54c=1625v2 =925 c2v =35cJawaban: c 142. 248 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII + + + + + 143. +%% Om01 m02 v2 v1m0+6 7Gambar 9.12(a) Sebuah benda yang memilikimassa diam m0;(b) Benda tersebut pecah menjadidua bagian.6A@6C $/0 +, 7 9:C6C9E:FDA:=% 144. IF6C@6C $/0 +, 7 9:C6C $/0 +, 7 G:=C6 O%O 145. *A:= @6F:C6 146. B6@6 147. % + + 148. + O% 149. :C6C B:CIC6@6C $/0 +, 7 C96 96E6H B:C=HIC7:F6E6 :C:F F:A6HJGH@ GI6HI E6FH@:A M6C H96@ 7:FB6GG6 M6HI %8 % O 150. 7. Hukum Kekekalan Energi dan Momentum Relativistik :A6G 3$ C96 H:A6= B:BE:A6?6F H:CH6C #I@IB :@:@6A6C C:F 96C #I@IB :@:@6A6C (DB:CHIB#I@IB :@:@6A6CC:FB:CM6H6@6C 76=K6 :C:F H96@ 96E6H 98EH6@6C 6H6I 9BIGC6=@6CH:H6E :C:F 96E6H 7:FI76= 7:CHI@ B:C?69 :C:F A6C:C6C @6H6A6C E696 GI6HI GGH:B :C:F 6K6ACM6 G6B6 9:C6C :C:F 6@=FCM6 :HI ?I6 #I@IB :@:@6A6C (DB:CHIB ?@6 E696 GI6HI GGH:B H96@7:@:F?6 6M6 AI6F BDB:CHIB 6K6A G6B6 9:C6C BDB:CHIB 6@=F :9I6 =I@IB C 7:FA6@I ?I6 E696 GI6HI GGH:B F:A6HJGH@ C:F6K6A F:A6HJGH@ G6B6 9:C6C :C:F 6@=F F:A6HJGH@ 96C BDB:CHIB6K6AF:A6HJGH@G6B69:C6CBDB:CHIB6@=FF:A6HJGH@ .IE6M6C9696E6H A:7= B:B6=6B #I@IB :@:@6A6CC:F 96C (DB:CHIB-:A6HJGH@ E:F=6H@6C+! / 7:F@IH 151. Teori Relativitas Khusus 249 +! /B:CIC?I@@6CG:7I6=7:C96M6CB:BA@B6GG696B 152. G:86F6GEDCH6CE:86=B:C?699I6766C 153. 96C 154. :9I6E686=6CC 7:F:F6@ 9:C6C @:8:E6H6C M6C 7:F7:96 M6HI +96C +0CHI@B:C6B76F@6C @DCG:E C 9:C6C A:7= ?:A6G 7:G6F6C7:G6F6C 155. +96C + 6@6C 97:F CA6 M6HI B6GG6 156. @ 7:F:F6@ 9:C6C@:8:E6H6C + 157. 96C B6GG6 158. @ 7:F:F6@ 9:C6C @:8:E6H6C+ 159. :F96G6F@6C #I@IB :@:@6A6CC:F 7:FA6@I C:F 6K6A C:F 6@=F 160. +O 161. +O %@6 $/0 +, 7 162. 976 9:C6C9E:FDA:= 163. +O 164. +O%69 96F $/0 +, 7 165. C96 96E6H B:C:H6=I B6GG6 96B 96F7:C96 G:7:AIB E:86= 166. c 167. @6F =6GA E:F=HIC6C H:FG:7IH 6E6@6= C96 B:C:BI@6C G:GI6HI M6CB:C6F@ #6GA E:F=HIC6C B:CIC?I@@6C B6GG6 96B E696 @:6966C 6K6A 168. @ 7:F7:96 9:C6C B6GG6 96B E696 @:6966C 6@=F 169. @ #6A C G:?6A6C 9:C6C BEA@6G H:DF F:A6HJH6G @=IGIG M6C B:CM:767@6CE:BI66C B6GG6 E696 7:C96 M6C 7:F:F6@ B:C9:@6H @:8:E6H6C 86=6M6 :BI96C 766B6C6 9:C6C BDB:CHIBCM6 .:A6B6 H96@ 696E:C6FI= 6M6 AI6F 6@6C 7:FA6@I #I@IB :@:@6A6C (DB:CHIB (DB:CHIB 6K6ABDB:CHIB 6@=F + 170. + + 171. + + 172. +O8. Aplikasi Kesetaraan Massa dan Energi pada Reaksi Fisi danFusi NuklirE6 M6C 96E6H C96 GBEIA@6C 96F E:B76=6G6C H:CH6C #I@IB:@:@6A6CC:F 96C (DB:CHIB -:A6HJGH@ :GBEIA6C 96F #I@IB:@:@6A6CC:F -:A6HJGH@ 696A6= B6GG6 96B H96@ @:@6A 173. @ 174. @ 175. O 176. O 177. @@+:CIF6C6C B6GG6 C :@J6A:C 9:C6C :C:F 178. :BI96C 766B6C6 9:C6C :C:F @C:H@CM6C:F @C:H@ E696@:6966C 6K6A 96C @:6966C 6@=F 96E6H 9HIAG@6C G:766 7:F@IH 6K6A 179. 6@=F IngatlahMenurut Planck, energi pada fotonadalah E = hf. Jadi, hf = pcfoton dengan, p67foton terhambur ', p'elektronpev250 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII 180. +O 181. +Gambar 9.13Tumbukan foton dan elektron(a) sebelum tumbukan;(b) sesudah tumbukan.P =hfc = h 182. 8 183. + 184. 8%696@=F G:=C6 6@=F O6K6AE6M6C96E6HC96GBEIA@6C96FE:F=HIC6CG:AG=B6GG696B96C G:AG= :C:F @C:H@ H:FG:7IH /:FCM6H6 G:AG= :C:F @C:H@ M6C9=6GA@6C G6B6 9:C6C :C:F 96B 6@76H G:AG= B6GG6 96B H:FG:7IH $C 7:F6FH 696 @DCJ:FG :C:F 96B 6@76H E:CIF6C6C B6GG6 96BB:C?69:C:F@C:H@M6C97:76G@6C6H6IE:CIF6C6C:C:F@C:H@6@6C B:C6@76H@6C E:C6B76=6C B6GG6 96B.:86F6 B6H:B6HG =6AC 96E6H 9HIAG@6C G:766 7:F@IHODCG:E @:G:H6F66C B6GG6 96C :C:F C H:F?69 E696 F:6@G ;G 96C;IG 6@=F+696 F:6@G ;G CI@AF G:7I6= CH 7:F6H 9HIB7I@ DA:= G:7I6=E6FH@:AG:=C6B:B7:A6=B:C?699I67I6=CH :9I6CHCB:BA@B6GG6 96B A:7= FC6C 96F B6GG6 96B CH C9I@CM6 @6F:C6 G:766CB6GG6 96BCM6 7:FI76= B:C?69 :C:F @C:H@96EIC E696 F:6@G ;IGCI@AF9I67I6=CHFC6C7:F67ICB:B7:CHI@G:7I6=CHM6CA:7=7:F6H(6GG6 96B 9I6 CH E:B7:CHI@CM6 A:7= 7:F6H 96FE696 B6GG6CH=6GAE:C67IC6C@6F:C6G:766CB6GG6CM67:FI76=B:C?69:C:F@C:H@ 9. Penerapan Prinsip Relativitas dalam Efek Compton+69667C96H:A6=7:A6?6FH:CH6C86=6M6M6C96C6EG:766E6FH@:AM6HI86=6M6B:FIE6@6CE:CM:76F6CE6@:HE6@:H:C:FM6C9G:7IH;DHDC.6A6= G6HI =6A M6C B:C9I@IC @DCG:E C 696A6= :;:@ DBEHDC :H@6G:7I6=;DHDCB:CIB7I@G:7I6=:A:@HFDC96BB6@6;DHDCH:FG:7IH6@6CH:F=6B7IF9:C6CB:B7:CHI@GI9IHH:FH:CHI 0CHI@B:CC6H@6CC96 H:CH6C :;:@ DBEHDC E:F=6H@6C+! / 7:F@IH+! / B:CIC?I@@6CG:7I6=;DHDC9:C6CE6C?6C:ADB76CB:CIB7I@ G:7I6= :A:@HFDC 96B 9:C6C B6GG6 185. @76H HIB7I@6CH:FG:7IH ;DHDC H:F=6B7IF 9:C6C GI9IH H:F=696E =DFNDCH6A.:H:A6=HIB7I@6CE6C?6C:ADB76C;DHDC7:FI76= 0CHI@B:C:H6=IE6C?6Celektron diam 186. IngatlahTeori Relativitas Khusus 251:ADB76C;DHDCG:GI96=HIB7I@6C6H6IGI9IH=6B7IF6C;DHDCCM696E6H9@:H6=I 96F #I@IB :@:@6A6C (DB:CHIB E696 E:FGHK6 HIB7I@6CH:FG:7IH (DB:CHIB 6K6A(DB:CHIB 6@=F+696 GIB7I- 996E6H@6C 187. 8DG %8DG O+696 GIB7I. 996E6H@6C 188. GC %GC GC %GC O6A@6C $/0 +, 7 189. 96C 7 190. 9:C6C 8 G:=C6 9E:FDA:=O8DG %8DG OGC %GC OI69F6H@6C $/0 +, 7 191. 96C 7 192. G:=C6 9E:FDA:=8DGO8DG %8DG OGC %GC O 193. ABC6G@6C $/0 +, 7 194. 96C 7G:=C6 996E6H@6C 8DGGCO8DG % 8DG GC O 8DG % +696 GI7767 B:C:C6 @:G:H6F66C B6GG6 96C :C:F C96 H:A6= 7:A6?6F76=K6 195. 96C% O 196. 6F @:9I6 E:FG6B66C H:CH6C :C:F F:A6HJH6G H:FG:7IH 996E6H@6C% 197. % 198. O%.:E:FH H:A6= 976=6G G:7:AIBCM6 :A:@HFDC E696 BIA6CM6 96BG:H:A6= 9HIB7I@ DA:= ;DHDC :A:@HFDC 7:F:F6@ 9:C6C :C:F @C:H@H:FH:CHI:C6C @6H6 A6C G:766C :C:F ;DHDC H:A6= 7:FI76= B:C?69:C:F @C:H@ :A:@HFDC O(6@6 $/0 +, 7 96E6H 9HIAG@6C B:C?69%O O 199. OO.I7GHHIG@6C $/0 +, 7@: $/0 +, 7O 200. OOsin2+ cos 2= 1 201. I6 E:G6K6H 6A;6 96C 7:H6 7:F:F6@ 9:C6C 6F6=7:FA6K6C6C :A6?I6CE:G6K6H6A;6G:7:G6F 202. 96C@:A6?I6C E:G6K6H 7:H6 696A6= 203. /:CHI@6CA6=@:A6?I6CE:G6K6H6A;6F:A6H;H:F=696EE:G6K6H7:H6 .:7I6= E:G6K6H FI6C 6C@6G6 7:F:F6@ B:C?6I=IB 9:C6C @:8:E6H6C 204. +:G6K6H H:FG:7IHB:C:B76@@6C G:7I6= E:AIFI M6C 6F6=CM6 G6B69:C6C:F6@CM6 %@6@:8:E6H6CE:AIFI 205. F:A6H;H:F=696EE:G6K6HHIH:CHI@6CA6=@:8:E6H6CF:A6H;E:AIFIHIH:F=696EIB .:DF6C E:C6B6H 9 IA6C B:A=6H 9I6 E:G6K6H6C@6G6AI6F96CB:C9:@6HIA6C96A6B6F6=M6C7:FA6K6C6CB6GCB6GC9:C6C@:A6?I6C 206. 96C 207. 6:F6E6@6=@:A6?I6CIA6CB:C9:@6HE:G6K6HB:CIFIHE:C6B6H96A6BE:G6K6H7:F6E6@6= @:A6?I6CH:F=696EB:CIFIHE:C6B6H96A6BE:G6K6H8:F6E6@6=@:A6?I6CIA6CB:C9:@6HE:G6K6HB:CIFIHE:C6B6H96A6BE:G6K6H9:F6E6@6= @:A6?I6CH:F=696E B:CIFIHE:C6B6H96A6BE:G6K6H252 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII:F6E6 @:8:E6H6C FD@:H E696 G66H E6C?6CCM6B:B:C9:@ 208. .:7I6=E:G6K6H6CH6F@G6B:A:K6HIB9:C6C@:A6?I6C+ 209. .:7I6=HDC@6HM6CE6C?6CCM6B9I@IF9IB7:F69696A6BE:G6K6H9:C6CEDGGG:?6?6F9:C6C6F6=:F6@E:G6K6H /:CHI@6CE6C?6CHDC@6H6B:CIFIHE:CIBE6C96A6BE:G6K6H7B:CIFIHE:C6B6HM6C96B9IB .:7I6=E:G6K6HH:F76C7:F:F6@9:C6C@:8:E6H6C 210. BG .:H:A6=7:F6E6=6F@6=B:CIFIH?6B9IB@:9I6 ?6B 9 IB 96C 9 E:G6K6H 7:F7:96 211. OG:@DCIC6@6CE:C9:@6H6C O-# O#- I6DF6C@:B76F96C7:FIBIFH6=IC9IB 7:F6C@6H@:7CH6CA;6:CH6IFM6C?6I=CM6@6A H6=IC 86=6M6 H6=IC 86=6M6?6F6@ M6C9H:BEI=86=6M6G:A6B6 H6=IC9:C6C@:8:E6H6C 212. .:H:A6=HI@:B76A@:IB :F6E6@6=IBIF@:9I6DF6CHIG:H:A6=B:F:@67:FH:BI.I6HI:A:@HFDC9E:F8:E6H9:C6C7:96EDH:CG6A (:1:F6E6@6= @:8:E6H6C M6C 9E:FDA:=CM6BI6H6C:A:@HFDC P 213. O 8DIADB796CB6GG6:A:@HFDC P 214. O @Tes Kompetensi Subbab B$/( ) ,* . # !2)2* 1' ,8DG 215. O O 8DGO6 $/0 +, 79:C6C G:=C6 9E:FDA:= 216. OO 8DG *A:= @6F:C6 B6@6 217. O 8DG 6H6I 218. O8DGO%69E:FGHK6:;:@DBEHDCB:FIE6@6CG6A6=G6HI7I@HH:CH6C@DCG:E9I6AGB: :ADB76C E6FH@:A 96C H:DF F:A6HJH6G @=IGIG Kata Kunci relativitas khusus transformasi Lorentz kontraksi Lorentz dilatasi Lorentz dilatasi waktu momentum relativitas massa diam kesetaraan massa dan energi reaksi fusi reaksi fisiRangkuman+FCGEF:A6HJH6G6AA:D7:F96G6F@6C9I6EDGHIA6HG:7667:F@IH 626@HI696A6=7:G6F6CBIHA6@7=I@IB :F6@ ):KHDC H96@ 7:FI76= 7:CHI@CJ6F6C +FCGEF:A6HJH6G CGH:C7:F96G6F@6C9I6EDGHIA6H7:F@IH6@:A6?I6C996A6BFI6C=6BE6696A6=GI6HI7:G6F6CBIHA6@7=I@IB B:@6C@6 ):KHDC 96C :A:@HFDB6C:H@ (6LK:AA CJ6F6C 96A6B 7:F766@:F6C@6C:FG6A +:F8D766C(8=:AGDC(DFA:MB:B7I@H@6C76=K66:H:FH96@6967@:8:E6H6C86=6M6H96@7:F6CHICE6966F6=96CH:BE6H /F6CG;DFB6G @:8:E6H6C F:A6H; @=IGIG B:CIFIHB:@6C@6F:A6HJGH@9FIBIG@6CG:7667:F@IH+ + + ++ + + + + +- - - -6H6I - -/F6CG;DFB6G'DF:CHN9FIBIG@6C9:C6C- - +) + - . . / / ) )+ + 219. Teori Relativitas Khusus 253DCHF6@G'DF:CHN9FIBIG@6C9:C6C 220. + A6H6GK6@HI9FIBIG@6C9:C6C 221. ))+ 9B6C6 222. ))(6GG6F:A6HJGH@9FIBIG@6C9:C6C 223. +(DB:CHIB96CB6GG6F:A6HJGH@9FIBIG@6C9:C6C + 224. %+ 225. C:F@C:H@9FIBIG@6C9:C6C 226. +B:B76=6GB:B76=6GM6HIPeta Konsep$-/'$* 1'3'1 02020+DGHIA6H-:A6HJH6G CGH:C /F6CG;DFB6G6AA:D/F6CG;DFB6G'DF:CHN/F6CG;DFB6G:8:E6H6C-:A6HJH6G=IGIG+FCGE-:A6HJH6G=IGIGB:C6@76H@6CDCHF6@G+6C?6CA6H6G26@HI @GE:FB:C(8=:AGDC(DFA:M@:GBEIA6CCM6 H:FH96@69696A6BC(DB:CHIB-:A6HJGH@(6GG6-:A6HJGH@ C:F6B 227. C:F/DH6AC:FC:H@:C96 O 228. RefleksiSetelah mempelajari bab ini, tentu Anda telahmemahami bahwa gerak bersifat relatif. Anda juga tentutelah memahami teori relativitas Einstein dan pengaruh-nyaterhadap besaran panjang, waktu, kecepatan danmassa benda. Dari keseluruhan materi yang ada padabab ini, bagian manakah yang menurut Anda sulitdipahami? Coba Anda diskusikan bersama teman atauguru Fisika Anda.Selain Anda mengetahui teori relativitas khusus,coba Anda cari manfaat lain mempelajari materi bab ini.Kemudian, diskusikan hasilnya bersama teman Anda. 229. Tes Kompetensi Bab 9 '*'* 0 * 0 12( 4 ! ,5 ,%. *',%!$, /6F7:G6F6C7:G6F6C7:F@IHCM6C=6F6CM6G:A6AIG6B6ICHI@G:BI6@:F6C@668I6CE:C6B6H6C696A6=6@:8:E6H6C7:C967@:A6?I6C7:C968@:8:E6H6C86=6M69E6C?6C7:C96:B6GG67:C96.6A6=G6HIEDGHIA6H CGH:C96A6BH:DFF:A6HJH6G696A6=6=I@IB=I@IB ):KHDC H:H6E 7:FA6@I ICHI@7:C96 M6C B:BA@ @:8:E6H6C B:C9:@6H@:8:E6H6C86=6M67@:8:E6H6C7:C9696E6HA:7=7:G6F96F@:8:E6H6C86=6M68@:8:E6H6C 7:C96 7:G6FCM6 BIHA6@ H96@7:F6CHICE696E:C6B6HCM69@:8:E6H6C 86=6M6 7:G6FCM6 BIHA6@ H96@7:F6CHICE696E:C6B6HCM6:@:8:E6H6C7:C96B:C:CHI@6C7:G6FCM6B6GG67:C96%@6 A6?I E6FH@:A 230. E:F76C9C6C F:A6HJGH@H:F=696EB6GG696BCM6696A6=6 97 :8:8:E6H6CE:G6K6H 231. BG96C@:8:E6H6CE:G6K6H 232. BG 7:F:F6@G:6F6=9:C6C :8:E6H6CH:F=696E@:8:E6H6CB:CIFIH):KHDC96CB:CIFIH CGH:C696A6= BG 6 233. 96C 234. 996C7 235. 96C: 96C 896C 236. I6 E:G6K6H96C7:FE6E6G6C B6GCB6GC9:C6C @:8:E6H6C@:8:E6H6C 86=6M6 :8:E6H6CE:G6K6HH:F=696EE:G6K6H696A6=6 237. 9 7 238. : 8 239. .:7I6=FD@:H@:H@696B9IBB:BA@E6C?6C 240. B:BI96C FD@:H H:FG:7IH 7:F:F6@ 9:C6C@:8:E6H6C 241. @:8:E6H6C86=6M696A6BFI6C=6BE6 (:CIFIHDF6C9IBE6C?6CFD@:HH:FG:7IHG:A6B67:F:F6@696A6=6 242. B7 243. B8 244. B9 245. B: 246. B254 Mudah dan Aktif Belajar Fisika untuk Kelas XII+:G6K6H 7:F:F6@ 9:C6C @:8:E6H6C 247. H:F=696EIB *F6C9IBB:A=6HCM6A6A6BEIG:A6B6G:@DC96FE:G6K6HHI )M6A6A6BEIB:CIFIHDF6CM6C7:F696996A6BE:G6K6H696A6=6G 9G7G : 248. G8G.:7I6= FD@:H M6C B:BA@ E6C?6C 249. B:H:F 96CB6GG6HDC7:F:F6@9:C6C@:8:E6H6C 250. (:CIFIHE:C6B6H9IB6B6GG6FD@:HHDCE6C?6CFD@:H 251. B7B6GG6FD@:HHDCE6C?6CFD@:H 252. B8B6GG6FD@:HHDCE6C?6CFD@:H 253. B9B6GG6FD@:HHDCE6C?6CFD@:H 254. B:B6GG6FD@:HHDCE6C?6CFD@:H 255. B.:7I6=:A:@HFDCM6CB:BA@B6GG696B 256. 7:F:F6@9:C6C @:8:E6H6C 257. B6@6 :C:F @C:H@CM6696A6=6 258. 7 259. 8 260. 9 261. : 262. .:7I6= HDC@6H M6C E6C?6CCM6B B:B7:CHI@GI9IHG:7:G6FH6CH:F=696E6F6=HBIF %@6HDC@6H7:F:F6@@:HBIF9:C6C@:8:E6H6CE6C?6CHDC@6HG66H7:F:F6@696A6=6B 9B7 263. B : 264. B8B +696IA6CH6=IC9I6DF6C@:B76F96CM6C@: 265. B:C:B76F6@:6C@6G6AI6F9:C6CE:G6K6HM6C7:F@:8:E6H6CG:96C@6CH:H6E9IB (:CIFIH@6A:C9:F9IB@:B76AG:H:A6=H6=ICG:=C6IBIFB6GCB6GCE696G66HHIB:CIFIH696A6= H6=IC 696C796C896C996C 266. :96C 267. .:7I6=E:FG:E6C?6C9:C6CGG 268. B:H:F96CB:H:F7:F:F6@G:6F6=E6C?6CCM69:C6C@:8:E6H6C 269. 'I6G796CH:FG:7IH696A6=6 270. B 9B7B : 271. B8 272. B 273. .:7I6= 7:C96 96A6B @:6966C 96B E6C?6CCM6 - 274. +:FCM6H66CM6C7:C6F696A6=6 96C7 96C896C9=6CM6:G:BI6CM67:C6F +:FCM6H66CM6C7:C6FB:CIFIHH:DFF:A6HJH6G CGH:C696A6=6B6GG6 7:C96 96B A:7= @:8A 96FE696 B6GG67:C967:F:F6@7E6C?6C 7:C96 96B A:7= E6C?6C 96FE696E6C?6C7:C967:F:F6@8:F6@ E:C6B6H 96C :F6@ GIB7ICM6 H96@B:B:C6FI=8:E6HF6B76H86=6M69G:A6C K6@HI 9I6 @:6966C M6C 96B6HE:C6B6H 7:F:F6@ A:7= 7:G6F 96F E:C6B6H96B:K6@HIB:FIE6@6C7:G6F6CM6C7:FG;6HBIHA6@ .:7I6=E:G6K6HB:BA@E6C?6C' :H@6E:G6K6HH:FG:7IH7:F:F6@9:C6C@:8:E6H6CJE6C?6CE:G6K6HTeori Relativitas Khusus 255B:C?69:G6F+696A6=69 7: 8 275. 6F:C:F@C:H@7:C967:FCA6:C:F96BCM696C696A6= @:A6I6C 86=6M6 96A6B FI6C =6BE6B6@67:C96AIFIG7:F:F6@9:C6C@:A6?I6C6 9 7 : 8 .:7I6=E:G6K6HIAHF6BD9:FC7:F:F6@B:C9:@6HIB9:C6C @:8:E6H6C 276. 96C B:B6C86F@6C:ADB76CF69D (:CIFIHDF6C9IB@:8:E6H6C:ADB76CF69DH:FG:7IH696A6=6789: :BI96C 9:F6@@6C 9:C6C @:8:E6H6C +B:C9:@6H @:8:E6H6C 86=6M6 G:=C6 E6C?6C7:C96B:CIFIH E:C6B6H 96B M6C 7:F696 G:?6?6F6F6=E6C?6C7:C96696A6=6 277. - - + 7 278. - - + 8 - - + 279. 9 280. - - + : 281. - - +%@6B6GG696BG:7I6=E6FH@:A96CB6GG6HI7:F:F6@9:C6C @:A6?I6C 282. 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