KIMIA (PAI 08128) 2 SKSMATERI KULIAH :Struktur atomKonfigurasi elektron Sistem Berkala Sifat periodik (potensial ionisasi, jari-jari atom, afinitas elektron, keelektronegatifan) Teori ikatan kimiaStruktur molekulSifat gasZat padat dan kisi kristalCairan Asam basaStoikiometriHk. Termodinamika dan Termokimia

MATERIPenilaian :

Kuis : 20 %Tugas terstruktur : 20 %Kehadiran : 10 %UTS : 25 %UAS : 25 %

Atomic Structure

Atomic Structure Atom smallest particle of an element capable of uncombined existence Molecule is smallest unit of compound or substance; combination of 2 or more atoms Contains exceedingly small nucleus with all of the + charge and most of total mass, protons, neutrons Electrons equal in number to protons, negative charges surround nucleus Hydrogen simplest ( 1 proton, 1 electron) Helium next (2 protons, 2 electrons, 2 neutrons)

What are the 3 major parts of an atom?

What are the 3 major parts of an atom?Proton Neutron Electron

Draw a diagram showing the location of each part of the atom.

Draw a diagram showing the location of each part of the atom.http://www.eskom.co.za/nuclear_energy/fuel/fuel.html

Draw a diagram showing the charges of each part of the atom.

Draw a Diagram of an Atom

Draw a diagram showing the charges of each part of the atom.

Describe ProtonProtons are positively charged particles found in the atomic nucleus. Protons were discovered by Ernest Rutherford..

Describe NeutronNeutrons are uncharged particles found in the atomic nucleus. Neutrons were discovered by James Chadwick in 1932.

Describe ElectronElectrons are negatively charged particles that surround the atom's nucleus. Electrons were discovered by J. J. Thomson in 1897. Electrons determine properties of the atom. Chemical reactions involve sharing or exchanging electrons.

Describe NucleusThe nucleus is the central part of an atom. It is composed of protons and neutrons. The nucleus contains most of an atom's mass.It was discovered by Ernest Rutherford in 1911.

Subatomic Particles

ParticleChargeMass (g)LocationElectron (e-)-1 9.11 x 10-28 Electron cloudProton (p+)+1 1.67 x 10-24NucleusNeutron (no)0 1.67 x 10-24Nucleus

Complete SymbolsContain the symbol of the element, the mass number and the atomic number.X MassnumberAtomicnumberSubscript Superscript

Atomic NumberAtoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electronsHow then are atoms of one element different from another element?Elements are different because they contain different numbers of PROTONSThe atomic number of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus# protons in an atom = # electrons

Atomic number (Z) of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom of that element.Atomic Number

Element# of protonsAtomic # (Z)Carbon66Phosphorus1515Gold7979

Mass NumberMass number is the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an isotope:Mass # = p+ + n0681616Arsenic753375Phosphorus153116

Nuclidep+n0e-Mass #Oxygen - 10 - 3342 - 3115

EXAMPLEHow many protons, neutrons and electrons are found in an atom ofCsAtomic number = protons and electronsThere are 55 protons and 55 electronsMass number = sum of protons and neutrons133 55 = 78There are 78 neutrons

HHydrogen11Protons: 1Neutrons: 0Electrons: 1

NaSodium2311Protons: 11Neutrons: 12Electrons: 11

When an atom or molecule gain or loses an electron, it becomes an ion.A cation has lost an electron and therefore has a positive chargeAn anion has gained an electron and therefore has a negative charge.

SymbolAtomic MassAtomic NumberCharge (if ion)

Na+Sodium2311Protons: 11Neutrons: 12Electrons: 10

SymbolsFind each of these: number of protons number of neutrons number of electrons Atomic number Mass NumberBr80 35

If an element has an atomic number of 34 and a mass number of 78, what is the: number of protons number of neutrons number of electrons complete symbolSymbols

If an element has 91 protons and 140 neutrons what is the Atomic number Mass number number of electrons complete symbolSymbols

If an element has 78 electrons and 117 neutrons what is the Atomic number Mass number number of protons complete symbolSymbols

RheniumRe18675

Rhenium isotopeRe18775

Isotop adalah atom-atom yang mempunyai nomor atom sama, tetapi nomor massanya berbeda.Contoh : ,Isobar adalah atom-atom yang mempunyai nomor atom berbeda, tetapi nomor massanya sama.Contoh : Isoton adalah atom-atom yang mempunyai nomor atom berbeda, tetapi jumlah neutronnnya sama.Contoh :

Contoh soalTentukan jumlah proton dan neutron dalam isotop-isotop berikut ini:

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