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ASAM LEMAK OMEGA-3DECEMBER 17, 2013 ANSARIKIMIA 2 COMMENTS

ASAM lemak  omega−3 (ω−3) adalah lema-lema !a"#$m$m"!a d%&$m'a% dalam m%"!a 'ea%a" da" m%"!a

"aa*%+ Aam lema me#a-3 adalah aam lema

'l%*a&e"$h de"#a" e$ah %a*a" a"#a'-d$a (C.C)

d%m$la% e*elah a*m a" e*%#a da% alah a*$ $&$"#

a"*a% a"!a+ Aam lema %"% mem'$"!a% d$a $&$"#/

alah a*$ $&$"#"!a adalah aam (COO) da" $&$"# !a"#

la%" adalah me*%l (C3)+ La% %a*a" a"#a'-d$a 'e*ama

adalah elaa"a" da% $&$"# me*%l"!a, !a"# &$#a d%e"al

ea#a% $&$"# me#a (ω) a*a$ $&$"# n+

Dam'a eeha*a" da% $'leme" aam lema me#a-3

adalah "*e%al+ Aam lema %"% d%a"##a' aam lema

ee"%al, !a"# ea*% aha aam lema %"% *%da da'a*

d%%"*e% leh *$$h ma"$%a *e*a'% a"#a* 'e"*%"# $"*$

me*al%me "mal+ Me%'$" mamal%a *%da da'a*

me"%"*e% aam lema me#a-3, "am$" mem%l%%

emam'$a" *ea*a $"*$ meme"*$ a"*a% 'a"&a"# aam

lema me#a-3 *ema$ aam e%a'e"*ae"a* (EA, 20

a" da" 4 %a*a" a"#a'), aam daheae"a* (DA,

22 a" de"#a" 5 %a*a" a"#a') da" 6-l%"le"a* (ALA, 1

a" de"#a" 3 %a*a" a"#a')+

S$me-$me $m$m da% aam lema n-3 mel%'$*% m%"!a

%a", m%"!a al#a, m%"!a 8$m%-8$m% da" eea'a m%"!a

*a"ama" e'e*% m%"!a echium da" m%"!a %&% am%+ 9$#a

https://wawasanilmukimia.wordpress.com/2013/12/17/asam-lemak-omega-3/https://wawasanilmukimia.wordpress.com/author/ansarikimia/https://wawasanilmukimia.wordpress.com/2013/12/17/asam-lemak-omega-3/#commentshttps://wawasanilmukimia.wordpress.com/author/ansarikimia/https://wawasanilmukimia.wordpress.com/2013/12/17/asam-lemak-omega-3/#commentshttps://wawasanilmukimia.wordpress.com/2013/12/17/asam-lemak-omega-3/

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 &a"#a" l$'a, 8ee a!am a"!a me"#a"d$"# aam lema

me#a-3 %"%+

 

Kimia

Aam lema n:3 !a"# 'e"*%"# dalam ;%l#% ma"$%a

adalah aam al ALA), aam

ea'e"*a (20=4, n:3> EA), da" aam daheae"a*

(22=5, n:3> DA)+ T%#a" 'l%*a&e"$h *ee$* mem'$"!a%

%a*a" a"#a'-d$a 3, 4, a*a$ 5 dalam e$ah a"*a% a*m

a" 1, 20, a*a$ 22 , e8aa e*$$*-*$$*+ Se'e*%

de"#a" ea"!aa" aam-aam lema !a"# *e&ad% e8aa

alam%, em$a %a*a" a"#a'-d$a"!a eada dalam

";#$a%-cis> de"#a" a*a la%", d$a a*m h%d#e" eada

'ada %% !a"# ama da% %a*a" a"#a' *ee$*+

 Daftar asam lemak n−3

 Tael %"% me"8a"*$ma" eea'a "ama eeda $"*$

aam-aam lema n:3 'al%"# $m$m d%&$m'a% d% alam+ L%ha*

*ael-1 d% aah %"%=

Sejarah

Me%'$" aam lema me#a-3 *elah d%e*ah$% 'e"*%"# $"*$

'e*$m$ha" "mal da" eeha*a" e&a 1?30-a",

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eadaa" aa" ma"

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Tabel-6.1.

Beberapa asam lemak n-3 ang paling !m!m "ij!mpai "ialam

#ama !m!m

#ama

$ipi"a #ama Kimia

Aam eadea*%e"a*(TA) 

Aam 6-L%"le"a* (ALA) 

Aam *ea%d"a* (SDA) 

Aam e%a*%e"a* (ETE)

 

Aam e%a*e*ae"a* (ETA)

 

Aam e%a'e"*ae"a* (EA)

15=3 (n:3)

 

1=3 (n:3)

 

1=@ (n:3)

 

20=3 (n:3)

 

20=@ (n:3)

Aam allcis-7,10,13-headea*%e"a*

Aam allcis-?,12,14-*adea*%e"a*

Aam allcis-5,?,12,14-

*adea*e*ae"a*

Aam allcis-11,1@,17-e%a*%e"a*

Aam allcis-,11,1@,17-

e%a*e*ae"a*

Aam allcis-4,,11,1@,17-

e%a'e"*ae"a*

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hexadecatrienoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-linolenic_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stearidonic_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hexadecatrienoic_acid&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-linolenic_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stearidonic_acid

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Aam he"e%a'e"*ae"a*(A)

 

Aam da'e"*ae"a*(DA), Aam l$'a"d"a*

Aam daheae"a*(DA)

 

Aam *e*aa'e"*ae"a*

 

Aam *e*aaheae"a*

(Aam "%%"a*)

 

20=4 (n:3)

 

21=4 (n:3)

 

22=4 (n:3)

 

22=5 (n:3)

 

2@=4 (n:3)

 

2@=5 (n:3)

Aam all-cis-5,?,12,14,1-

he"e%a'e"*ae"a*

Aam allcis-7,10,13,15,1?-

da'e"*ae"a*

Aam allcis-@,7,10,13,15,1?-

daheae"a*

Aam allcis-?,12,14,1,21-

*e*aa'e"*ae"a*

Aam allcis-5,?,12,14,1,21-

*e*aaheae"a*

 

Mekanisme Aksi

Aam lema Fee"%al d%e% "ama meea e*%a 'e"el%*%

me"em$a" aha aam lema %"% a"#a* 'e"*%"# $"*$

'e*$m$ha" "mal 'ada a"a-a"a da" %"a*a"#,

me%'$" de;"%% mde" Fee"%al adalah le%h e*a*+

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Docosapentaenoic_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Docosapentaenoic_acid

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Se&$mlah e8%l "-3 dalam maa"a" (H 1 da% **al al%)

!a"# mem'eleha" 'e*$m$ha" "mal, da"

me"amaha" ed%%* &$mlah"!a *%da meme%a" e

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aa 'e"el%*% ame"em$a" aha a"d$"#a" aam

lema n:3 &$#a d%"e% me"&ad% e%a"%d, *e*a'% 'ada

la&$ !a"# &a$h le%h e"dah+ E%a"%d d%$a* da% aam

lema n:3 !a"# e%"# me"#a8$ ea#a% a"*%%mama%,*e*a'% ee"a"!a meea ha"!a $a"# %"ama% da%'ada

!a"# *e$a* da% lema "-5+ 9%a aam lema n-3da" n-

6 !a"# ada, maa meea aa" ea%"# $"*$ d%$ah,

eh%"##a a% aam lema "-3 = "-5 e8aa la"#$"#

mem'e"#a$h% &e"% eikosanoid !a"# d%ha%la"+

ea%"#a" %"% d%a$% 'e"*%"# e*%a d%*em$a" aha

*ma" me$'aa"

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Aam lema "-3 a"*a%-'e"de d%"e% me"&ad% e"*$-

e"*$ a"*a%-'a"&a"# (EA, DA) de"#a" e;%e"% d% aah

 4 'ada '%a, da" 'ee"*ae !a"# le%h ea 'ada a"%*a

!a"# m$"#%" ae"a 'e"*%"#"!a $"*$ me"em$a"e$*$ha" DA 'ada &a"%" da"neonatus+

K"e% %"% *e&ad% e8aa m'e*%*%< de"#a" aam lema "-5,

!a"# ee"%al ea* *ea%* de"#a" a"al#-a"al# %m%a !a"#

eaal da% aam l%"lea*+ Ba% aam aam al

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aha %*$ adalah &$mlah al$* ALA, $a" a% aam

lema "-3 da" "-5, !a"# me"#"*l e;%e"% "e%+

+asio n−6 "engan n−3

Beea'a 'e"el%*%a" l%"% me"$"&$a" aha a% aam

lema "-5 *ehada' "-3 !a"# d%8e"a (h$$"!a l%"lea*

al

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Me*al%* da% n:5 le%h e%

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d%"$m% leh %a" da" me"$m'$ am'a% *%"#a* *%"##%

'ada #a"-#a" dalam %a" *ee$*+

Bada" el%"d$"#a" L%"#$"#a" Ame%a Se%a* me"#e-l$aa" 'e%"#a*a" "$m% %a" $"*$ e$a*a" Oa"#

Ame%a $"*$ me"#h%da% *%"#a* a8$" me$% 'ada %a"

*e*e"*$ da" ea"# am%l *e*a' me"$a% e$"*$"#a"-

e$"*$"#a" !a"# mem$"#%"a" a#% eeha*a" da%

me"#"$m% %a" da" la"+

Beea'a $*% me"$"&$a" aha a"# de"#a" maalah

%$la% *e*e"*$, e'e*% 'em$l$h daah varikosa, m$"#%"

me"#$"*$"#a" da% me"#"$m% EA da" DA, !a"# da'a*

mea"#a"# %$la% daah, me"%"#a*a" 'e"#$a%a" ;%",

$a*$ e"!aa !a"# *ema$ dalam 'eme"*$a" e$a"

da" 'a$*, da", ela%" %*$ m$"#%" me"#$a"#% *ea"a"

daah+ a*a"!a, aam lema n:3 me"#$a"#% *%"#a*

*%#l%e%da daah, da" me"#a*$ a$'a" !a"# da'a*

me"#$a"#% e% ea"#a" &a"*$"# e$"de da" '%me+

Se$ah *%"&a$a" da% eea'a *$d% $*ama 'ada 2004

me"$"&$a" aha ALA *%da meme%a" ma"

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de'e%+ Ada &$#a $*% *ea*a aha $'leme"*a% de"#a"

aam-aam lema n-3, e"d%% a*a$ m%"a% de"#a" aam

lema n-5, da'a* me"#$a"#% e%ma"#a", "am$", ha"!a

l%ma 'e"el%*%a" !a"# me"$"&$a" me"#$a"#% e

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'eema"#a" h%*'a*l#%, da" me"amah *%"#a*

ela"#$"#a" h%d$' 'ada *%$+ D% a"*aa aam-aam

lema n-3, *%da a*$ '$" e"*$ a"*a%-'a"&a"# a'ala#%

a"*a%-'e"de !a"# e8aa "%*e" *ea%* de"#a" e%a"e 'a!$daa+

Nam$", *%"##%"!a *%"#a* DA, !a%*$ aam lema 'l%-

*a&e"$h n-3!a"# 'al%"# el%m'ah, *ea%* de"#a"

e$a"#"!a e% a"e 'a!$daa+ Seal%"!a, e$ah

*$d% *ah$" 2011, !a"# mel%a*a" 3+@00 '%a, me"#$&%

h$$"#a" lema ha%a" da" e% a"e '*a*, da"

me"em$a" aha '%a de"#a" 'ee"*ae DA daah

*e*%"##% mem'$"!a% d$a-e*e"#ah al% e% 'eema"#a"

!a"# a#e%

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Se$ah *%"&a$a" $la"# !a"# %*ema*% *ah$" 2007 da%

$'leme" aam lema n-3 me"#$"*$"#a" 'a%e" a"e,

me"%"#a*a" elea, ea*, da" $al%*a h%d$'+ e"#$&%a"

*ah$" 200? me"em$a" aha $'leme" aame%a'e"*ae"a* mema"*$ 'a%e" a"e

mem'e*aha"a" maa **"!a+

ada 1???, )*++*-revenione *nvestigators mela'a"

dalam #he Lancet  ha%l-ha%l da% 'e"el%*%a" l%"% $*ama

de"#a" 11+32@ 'a%e" de"#a" %"

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ad%a$le (!a%*$, %"

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adalah *%'e le*el &aha*, da" me"%"#a*a" *%#l%e%da

!a"# da'a* me"##a"##$ a#% eeha*a" ad%a$le+

Se$ah 'e"el%*%a"" me"#e"a% ma"

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Se$ah 'e"el%*%a" de"#a" @54 a"%*a me"$"&$a" aha

*%"#a* EA eal%"!a *ea%* de"#a" *%"#a* a"*%d% a"*%-

LDL-*e%da%+ Me%'$" dem%%a", 'e"#$aha" %da*%<

LDL mema%"a" a*$ 'ea"a" 'e"*%"# dalam'eema"#a" aterosklerosis+

Oa"#-a"# !a"# elama* da% %"

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#e!rologi

B$*% !a"# *ea*a me"$"&$a" aha aam-aam

lema n-3a"*a%-'a"&a"# da'a* me"$"da a*a$ me"8e#ah

'eema"#a" #a"##$a" '%*% *e*e"*$ e%-*%"##% 'ada

a"a-a"a da" ema&a+ Oa"# !a"# *ed%a#"%

de"#a" schiophrenia *e$*% me"#$a"#% *%"#a* aam-

aam lema 'l%-*a&e"$h n-5 da" n-3, da" ha%l da%

'e"el%*%a" dalam ma"a 'ela$a" a"a e%-*%"##% de"#a"

$'leme" ha%a" !a"# me"#a"d$"#

a% eikosapentaenoat  ma$'$"dokosaheksanoat  me"#ha%la" 'e"#a$h !a"# "!a*a e8aa *a*%*% (de"#a"

e'e8a!aa" ?4, *e*a'% !a"# *%da 'e8a!a ?7,4)

me"#$a"#% 'eema"#a" *ehada' schio-phrenia.

K"$m% e*%l e%a'e"*ae"a* (E-EA) e8aa 'a%al

melaa" #a"##$a" %"#a*a" 'ada *%$ mdel de"#a"

'e"!a%* Alhe%me da" me"#ha%la" 'e"#$a"#a" !a"#*%da %#"%;a" e8aa *a*%*% 'ada de'e% ma"$%a+

e"el%*%a" !a"# mem'eha*%a" e

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Ada &$#a eea'a $*% aha "$m% aam lema

me#a-3 *%da ha"!a me"#ha%la" de"#a" e#e"ea% !a"#

le%h 8e'a* da% aa

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• Me"%"#a*"!a %"%de"% 'e"daaha"+

•   +troke hermorrhagic+

• O%da% aam lema me#a-3, me"#ha%la" 'd$-

'd$ %da% a*%

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me"!eaa" ema*%a" me"dada a%a* &a"*$"#+ Aam

lema n:3 *e*e"*$ *el%ha* me"!e*a%la" %ama de"!$*

 &a"*$"# de"#a" e8aa e

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• De"#$e S*e,

• O%da% aam lema me#a-3 meme"*$ 'd$

%da% %l#% a*%