CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse2

F A_vZp- emw kpradican

(No^v FUn-permiliquest)

agekq-den sNΩmSv

(F-Un-permiliquest CgeNmiquestPv)

]Xm-[n-]-k-anXn

F A_vZpnot Akokv aZn

]n sI sambvXoge kpradican

Aen aZn samd-bqiquest

apPo_v tImdegqiquest

Fge sI Fw kI-cnoslash

(kiquestdegp-te-jge)

]n hn Iptraden-tdegmb amAtildeiquest(am-t-Piquest)

-am-knI

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM BuildingKandamkulam

R M Road Calicut - 2Ph 0495 2304347

_dm-AOslashv cmhv _nZv-AOslashv Xspartkn ]n Daiquest kpradican

Dasymp-SdegwAnot Ckzvemlv

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

lZokv ntj-[hpwF A_vZp- emw kpradican

Pnpartv knlvdv ]pXnb Xocp-amw

aqdegp-I-b-dn- -XmscA_q lna

BZiquestiw Aacuten-a-dnreg

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-tcmSv hnS]n sI sambvXoge kpradican

Akokv aueho amprodvIptraden-tdegmb amAtildeiquest sImacute-prodpdw

GI ldividev Kqprodpw Ipsd ]pIn-ep-Ifpwagekq-den sNΩmSv

iniquestdegv Btcm-]-Wtam bmYmiquestYytamF A_vZpnot Akokv aZn

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligƒss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

tNmZyw adp-]Snapkzvenlv

sshcp[ymXnjvTnX aX-cm-jvS-hmZw

hgn-Oslashn-cn-hnnotiwkp-plusmnoge ]me-tdegmSv

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2010 Pqsse

2010 Pqsse 3

Anot Ckzvemlv honepw

hniple Jpiquest-Bpw ]hm-N-I-N-cybpw ASn-yumlm--amdegn ]t_m-[ [iquestaw

niquesth-ln-regp-t]m-cppart ]yumlm--amWv Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-w Alsquo hn izmk-

szlig-fnnot npartpw A_le [mc-W-I-fnnot npartpw ap-jy-a-- p-Isf tamNn-prodn-sreg-

Sp-degpI Fpart ]c-a-]-[m--amb Npa-X-e-bmWv Ckzvemlo ]yumlmw niquesth-

ln-regp-t]m-cp-part-Xv AP-oslash-amb BZiquesti-Oslashnssbquo ]nge_-e-Oslashnnot amXta hnP-b-

]mX Isne-Oslashm-mhq FpartmWv Ckzvemlo ]yumlmw hniz-kn-degp-part-Xv

ap-jy-Po-hnX hfiquestreg-bnnot hnizmkw hln-degppart ]parav hfsc hep-Xm-Wv

tcmb hnizmkw tcmb Nnyen-bn-tedegpw AXp-hgn sum-bn-eq-partnb Pohn-X-

Oslashn-tedegpw bn-degp-tordmmƒ hnI-e-amb hnizmkw apjy Pohn-XsOslash Akz-

yuml-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-Ibpw Ak-am-[m--Oslashnssbquo oiquestregp-gn-bn-e-I-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-Ibpw sNoslashp-

partp AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Cl-]c Pohn-X-Oslashnssbquo sumbvdegpw hnP-b-Oslashnpw

Id-I-ftrade hnizmkw An-hm-cy-a-sX

tcmb hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo A`mhw apjy Pohn-XsOslash henb ]Xn-k-lsquon-

I-fn-te-sdeg-Sp-sOslash-dn-bp-partp Chn-sS-bmWv icn-bmb hnizmkw ap-jyv IcpOslashpw

XW-ep-am-bn-Oslasho-cp-part-Xv

Aradicmlp Ab-regn- pasymp ]hm-N-I-summiquest ]Y-a-ambn ian-regXpw ilen-regXpw

hnizm-k-cwKw hna-eo-I-cn-degm-m-bn-cp-partp GI-mb ssZhsOslash amXw hnfnregv

tXS-W-sapartpw A`u-Xn-I-ambn klm-bmiquestY--Iƒ S-tOslash-neXv Ah-tmSv amX-

am-sWpartpw hniple Jpiquest-Bge ]Tn-prodn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-hnnot ]parap-tNiquestdegp-part-Xns

henb ]mX-I-am-bn- m-Wv Jpiquest-Bge ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv Xssbquo PohnXw nb-yenn-regp-

sIm-nen-cn-degppart Aradicm-lp-hnnot hniz-kn-regp-sIm-nev Ah-nnot ]Xo-pound-I-fiquestprodn-

regp-sImnev aptpart-dm-mWv aXw ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Fdegm-eOslashpw Cu XXz-Oslashnnot npartv ap-jy-k-aqlw hyXn-N-en-regp-

t]m-bn- p-nev P-szligsf NqjWw sNbvXv Pohn-regp-t]mpart ]ptcm-ln-X-hiquestKw

CXnnot henb ]paramWv hln-regp-t]m-part-Xv Fpartmnot Ckvemlo ]yumlm--Oslashnssbquo

iDaggernbmb CS-s]-Snot aqew tIcf apkvenw kaq-lsOslash hnizm-k-]-c-amb

PoiquestW-X-I-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-Sp-Oslashmge km[n-regp Fpartmnot ]pXnb cq]-Oslashnepw

`mh-Oslashnepw Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szligƒ ]piquestdivide-n-degpI Xspart-bm-Wv B[p-n-I-

hXvIcn-deg-sprodacute Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-fpsS s]cp-a-g-degm-e-am-Wn-Xv

mfn-Xp-h-sc-bpasymp ]hiquestOslash--szligƒsImnev Ckzvemlo ]yumlmw XpS-regp-

o-degnb Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-sfbpw A_le coXn-I-sfbpw ]p-cm-hn-jvI-cn-regp-

sImnev h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw cwK-Oslashp-h-cp-tordmmƒ ]t_m-[-I-summiquestdegv ]Wn

IqSp-I-bm-Wv COslash-c-samcp Xncn-reg-dn-hn-emWv Anot- -Ckzvemlv ]p-cm-cw- n-degp-

partXpw ]am-W-_-le-ambn Ckvem-ans ]t_m-[w sNoslashpI Fpart ia-I-c-

amb ZuXy-amWv Anot Ckzvemlv Gspermil-Sp-degp-part-Xv

2010 Pqsse4

(]Xn-aqpartv hiquestj-szligƒdegv apge]v aln--fm-N-micronI ]nd-partmƒ]Xn-prodnnot ka-kvX-bpsS ]fin-X-mb sskXp apl-ΩZvnkman Fgp-Xnb Cu teJw bmYm-yumln-XnI˛-h-bm-Ym-yumln-XnI Iqacutep-ap-part-Wn-bpsS Alsquo-hn-izmk hym]--Oslashnssbquo ]pXnb ]rsaquom-Oslash-e-Oslashnnot Hpartp-IqSn hmbn-degp-I)

Alsquo-hn-izmkw Ckvem-anI A[ym-]--szligƒdegv Ayam-Wv kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-nIf-radic hnizm-k-Oslashnepw Iiquesta-Oslashnepw IS-partp-Iq-Snb PoiquestW-X-Iƒ Cradicm-Xm-Ip-tordmmƒ kXy-hn-izm-k-apasymp kaq-l-Oslashnssbquo krjvSn Ffp-prod-amhppartp Am-Nm-c-szlig-fp-sSbpw Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-fp-sSbpw amen-y-tI-micro-szlig-fn-te-degv Cureg-sb-tprodmse ]mtrade-Sp-Oslash-h-cm-bn-cppartp 7˛mw qpermilm-nense Ad-_n-Iƒ Ahsc kwkvIrX kaq-l-am-degn-bXv Ckvem-anssbquo A[ym-]--szlig-fmWv

inemhn-K-l-szlig-tfm-Spasymp Aiquestreg- Ah-bpsS im]-tIm]w t]SnregpS-degppart hgn-]m-Sp-Iƒ kmpara-ev]nI aqiquestOslashn-Iƒ _ldquo-N-cyw cmin-tm-degnot ]ivw shdegnot ss]im-NnI tkh bmK-ap-dn tlma-degp-gn NmOslashgehn-izmkw XpS-szlignb Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-fnnot npartpw apDagger-amb kwkvIrXkaq-l-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ COslashcw Am-Nm-c-szlig-fpsS Abnot]-deg-Oslashp-t]mepw DOslash-aqpermilm-nep-Im-cmb kzlm-_tOslashmAhsc ]nyenp-Siquestpart kmXzn-I-summtcm Dnem-bn-cp-partn-radic

Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szligƒ kvXok-aq-lsOslash Cpartp ImiquestpartpXnpartp-I-bm-Wv hnZym- ym-khpw t_m[-h-evI-c-Whpw amX-am-Wn-Xnp ]cn-lm-cw cmin tmdegmpw ]ivw shdegmpwknle-summ-cpsS ktpara-X-szligƒ tXSnS-degppart apkvenw kvXoI-fpsS Xnc-degm-sW-hn-sS-bpw mhn qXw Adn-bmpw PohnXku`m-Ky-Oslashnpw ]nimNv _m[-sbm-gn-prodn-degm-p-amWv knlektpara-X-Oslashnse--Oslashp-part-Xv ]ivwshdegp-part-hsc kao-]n-degppart bmsXm-cm-fp-sSbpw mev]XpmfsOslash a-kvImcw Aradicmlp kzoI-cn-degp-part-X-sradicpartv ]hm-N-Ige ]kvXm-hn-regn-acutepnev

PU-ap-Snbpw ]reg-prodp-X-prodpw apjntrade thjhpw Ahy-Dagger-amb ]Z-]-tbm-K-szligfpambn Byumlm--ap-d-prodnreg nc-h[nknle-summ-cp-nev Cdegq- -Oslashnnot Nneiquest ]cn-jvIrX thj-[m-cn-Ifpw `uXnI Xev]-c-cp-am-Wv ico-A-Oslashn-tmSp oXn-]p-eiquestOslashmOslash Cu knle-sum-summ-cpsS ktpara-X-Oslashnnotnpartpw sRacuten-degppart hmiquestOslash-I-fmWv ]pd-Oslashp-h-cp-part-Xv ZnIvdv lnotJ-I-sfpart [ym-k-Z- p-I-fpsS ad-hnnot Imcy-szligsf Hprodn-degppartpCkvem-anse ^iquestZpIƒsdegmpartpw Chn-sS Xosc ]k-Daggern-bn-radic BWpw s]AEligpw nb-yen-W-an-radicmsX ChnsS HOslashp-tN-cp-partp knlessbquo Icw-]n-Sn-degp-partp Ap-Klw e`n-degmge

tZhn-amcpw _ohp-am-cp-ambn Nnesc thjw-sI- nregp kvXoI-fpsS ]Ww Xacutem-pasymp Bkq-XnX ]le-Xn-Iƒ NnetImicro-szligƒ Sprodmdegp-partp-nev ChnsS S-degppart ayen-tlm-a-szlig-fpsS Cc-I-sfradicmw apkvenwkvXoI-fm-Wv Ah-cpsS AfraslX NqjWw sNoslash-sprod-Sppart Dd-tradep-Xp-asympppart shfn-reg-prodm-Sn-ssbquobpw NmOslash-spartpw ]dtradev ZnhyXzw ImWn-degpparthcp-sSbpw ayen-N-c-Sp-Ifpw enJn-X-szligfpw hmszlign D]-tbm-Kn-degp-part-hiquest iniquestdegntedegmWv n]-Xn-degp-part-Xv AXpalm-]m-X-Im-sW-part-hiquest Hmiquestdegp-partn-radic ]poundn Ic-trademnotKufn i_vZn-regmnot Icn-ordmqreg HmSn-bmnot epoundWw ]d-bppart-hcpw hniz-kn-degp-parthcpw apkvenw kvXoI-fn-ep-nev Ic-bppart Infnsb dqlmn Infn-sbpartp t]cp ]d-bp-Ibpw AXp acWw hcp-Oslashn-sh-degp-sapartv ]N-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashppart

honepw hmbn-degmge

kvXoIƒAlsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-fpsS XS-h-d-I-fnnot

skbvXv apl-ΩZv nkman

Afrasl-Xbpw ap-degnpartv Gsd ImWmge Ign-bp-partXv kvXoI-fn-em-Wv Iqassbquo Ic-regnepw A]-I-S-I-c-ambn hniz-kn-prod-sprod-Sp-partp ]poundn-Iƒ ]d-degppartXp tmdegn bmXbpwapermilp Imcy-szligfpw niquestW-bn-degppart kordm-Zmbw Ad-_n-Iƒdegp-nem-bn-cp-partp ]hm-N-I-Xp ntcm-[n-degp-I-bp-nem-bn

Xssbquo ]pXge C_vdmlow Ayen-cnreg Znh-k-amWv aZo--bnnot kqcy-K-l-W-ap-nem-b-Xv ]hm-N-I-]p-Xssbquo ncym-W-amWv kqcy-K-l-W-Oslashnssbquo Imc-W-sapartv Nneiquest ]d-bmgeXpS-szlign _n(-k) B [mcW Xncp-Oslashp-I-bmWv sNbvXXvHcm-fpsS Psumtam ac-Wtam Aradic kqcy-K-l-W-Oslashnssbquo Imc-W-sapartv _n(-k) ]Jym-]n-regp kaq-l-Oslashnnot Alsquo-hn-izmkw thc-pdbv-degmge ]hm-N-Ige Ap-h-Zn-regn-radic

]Wn-degcpw IW-degcpw tPmrsquoycpw pound-X-szligfpw cmin-tmdegn ^ew ]d-bm-dp-nev CsXradicmw Ahiquest kzbw Bhn-jvI-cnreg Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-fm-Wv mem-bncw hiquestjw apordmvlkvdOslashv Clvdmlow _n(-A) _m_n-tem-Wn-bge P-Xsb Cu A_le [mc-W-I-fnnot npartpw kwkvI-cn-sreg-Sp-OslashXv Jpiquest-Bge kqN evIp-partp hmc- eszligfpw pound-X- -e-szligfpw ]kn-leo-I-cn-degppart ]X-szligƒ t]mepw Cu]cn-jvIrX bpK-Oslashnnot ]kn-leo-I-cW cwK-Oslashp-nev CsXmpartpw Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szligƒdegv ymbo-I-c-W-a-radic Afrasl-Xsb`wKn-bmbn NqjWw sNoslashpI amX-am-Wn-Xv

tPmrsquoy-ssbquobpw aqim-cn-bp-sSbpw P]n-regq-Xnb Nc-Sp-Ifpwhc-regp-nem-degppart enJn-X-szligfpw iniquestdegm-Wv CXpw t]dnXulo-Znssbquo ]pXn-amiquest Pohn-degp-partXv alm-]m-X-I-atradicNne XoiquestYm-S tImicro-szlig-fn-tedegv tcmK-i-a--OslashnvkvXoIsf sImnep-t]m-Ippart Nne kwL-szligƒ ]hiquestOslashn-degp-partp-nev Giquesthm-Snbpw mKqcpw apOslashp-t]- -bp-amWv Ah-cpsS epoundyw B yumle-szligsf tImicroo-I-cnregpS-degppart kmaq-ly-PoiquestW-X-Iƒ Cpartv cl-ky-a-radic Am-im-ky-]-hiquestOslash--szlig-fnnot n partpw ]pWym-flm-deg-fpsS ivaim-- qansb kwc-poundn-degppart Imcyw AXnssbquo Ducm-fiquestdegpw AX Xmev]-cy-apasymp Imcy-a-sradic-partmWv a- n-em-hp-part-Xv ]Whpw kzyenwkvXoXzhpw jvS-sprod-Smge amXw hn[n-deg-sprodacute lX- m-Ky-I-fpsS IY-bmWv Cu XoiquestYm-S-I-cnnot npartpw tIƒdegm-n-S-h-cn-I Ch-cnnot Nneiquest _ohn-bmbn macuten-seOslashn GiquesthmSn_mcopyv yumlm]n-degp-partp CXpw ]npartoSv Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szlig-fmbn Xocp-partp AhnsS sNIp-Oslashm-n-dIn A -n-bn-degppart am-knI tcmKn-I-fpsS nc-X-spart ImWmw AhscFSpOslashp InS-Oslashmpw ipiq-jn-degmpw sNdp-prod-degm-cmb hf-nen-biquestam-cmWv COslashcw tImicro-szlig-fn-ep-asymp-Xv ico-AOslashv njn-le-am-degnb Imcy-szlig-fmWv Cu Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szlig-fnnotA[n-Ihpw ImWmge Ign-bp-I

tiquestreg yumle-szlig-sfpartp ]d-bppart Drsquo-h-prod-dordmpw ]qc-prod-dordmpw Aradicmlp hntcm-[nreg kiquesth Imcy-szligfpw S-degppartyumle-szlig-fmWv DSpOslash-Wntrade apkvenw kvXoIƒ XndegmpwXnc-degmpw COslashcw tImicro-szlig-fn-se-Oslashn-treg-cppart ImgvNGsd Zb-o-b-am-Wv

m-Kq-dn-tedegpw APvao-dn-te-degpapasymp tiquestreg km[--szligƒ ]ncn-degmge S-degppart Hcp-X-cw Jeo-^-amiquest ]reg-prodp-Xprodp [cnregp hoSp-Iƒ Ib-dn-bn-d-szligm-dp-nev Ccp- m-bmnot Ch-cn-e-[n-Ihpw Icopym-hp hnev]--degm-cm-Wv apkvenw kvXoI-fm-W-h-cp-sSbpw epoundyw ssZh-tIm]w ]dtradev hnh-can-radicmOslash kvXoIsf Ahiquest `oj-Wn-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp kziquestW-Oslashnssbquo kiquestprod cq]w Ioslashv Imev aqdegv XpS-szlignb Ah-b-h-szlig-fpsS cq]w tiquestreg-bm-degmge ]d-bp-Ibpw AXnssbquo ]Wwhmszlign Ahiquest cpound-sprod-Sp-I-bp-am-Wv ]Xn-hv Ah-b-h-szligƒdegpasymp tcmK-Oslashn-mWv mKq-dn-tedegpw apermilpw tiquestreg-bm-degmge]d-tradep AXnssbquo ]Ww ]permilp-part-Xv

Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szligƒdegpw COslashcw Nqj-W-szligƒdegp-sa-Xn-cnnot kvXoIsf t_m[-hm-summ-cm-degppart amXr-kw-K-a-szligfpwcentmkp-Ifpw hnZym-`ymk ]N-c-Whpw apd-bvdegv S-tOslash-neXv An-hm-cy-ambn Xoiquestpartn-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

2010 Pqsse 5

BNmcszligtfdegmfpw AmNmcszligtfmSv BkDaggernbpwBthihpw ImWndegpI FpartXv ]amWszligfnnot npart-I-eppart Phn`mKszligfpsS kzm`mhnI epoundWszligfmWv hn-iple JpiquestBnepw lZoYpIfnepw yumlncsprodacute BNmcm-pjvTmszligtfmSv hnapJXbpw AekXbpw ]peiquestOslashp-I-bpw Fpartmnot Dulmt]mlszligfpsSbpw hmtdmeIfpsSbpwtIacuteptIƒhnIfpsSbpsamsdeg ]nge_eOslashnnot ]Ncnprodndeg-sprodSpparthtbmSv Hcnotprodw hmintbmsSXspart ASpprodw Im-WndegpIbpw sNoslashpIbmWndegqacutecpsS coXn ]amWszligƒImWnregv Bscparanepw Chsb FXniquestdegpIIqSn sNbvXm-tem hmin CcacutendegpIbmbn ]ptcmlnXsummtcmSpff A-lsquoamb hnt[bXzhpw hnizmksOslash adnISdegppart sshIm-cn-Xbpw Cu sshIrXszligƒdegv hfdegqdmhppartXv Xncnregdnbp-part ]utcmlnXyw AXv ]camh[n apXseSpdegpIbpw sN-oslashppartp

Hcp hn`mKw apkvenwIƒ hfsc t]mcnitbmSpIqSnBtLmjnregphcppart _dmAOslashv cmhv Cu KWOslashnnot][msprodacute HpartmWv iAv_mge ]Xncopynv BNcnregphcppart _dmAOslashv cmhnv aXOslashnnot bmsXmcSnyuml-hp-anradic FpartXmWv bmYmiquestinfinyw hniple JpiquestBssbquo hyDagger-amb kqNIƒdegv hncpleambn PszligfpsS hnizmksOslash-bpw [mcWIsfbpw ampermilnsbSpdegpIbpw sXpermilmb amiquestK-szlig-fntedegv Ahsc bndegpIbpw sNoslashppart NqjIcpsS krbdquon-bm-Wv Cu BNmchpw Ckvemanssbquo BZyImeOslashv C]Im-csamcp BNmcw Dnembncppartnradic _dmAOslashv cmhpambn_lsquosprodacute Fradicm AmNmcszligfpw lnPvd Acopymw qpermilmnen-p tijamWv ISpartphpartXv ]Inot kabsOslash hXmpjv-Tm-hpw cmXn kabOslashv ZoiquestLamb akvImchpam-bn-cppartp _dmAOslashv cmhnse BNmcszligfmbn ]Ncnprodndeg-sprod- ncppartXv Fpartmnot ]npartoSv acnregpt]mbhcpsS t]Xszlig-

kn ]n Daiquest kpradican

_dmAOslashv cmhv _nZvAOslashv Xspartsf ]qPndegnothsc CXnssbquo mKambn ISpartphpartp J_iquest-yumlmnnot t]mbn ]elmcszligƒ hnXdpIbpw hnXcWwSOslashpIbpw sNoslashppart AXn KpcpXcamb Ahyuml hscCu AmNmcOslashnssbquo mKambn SOslashsprodSmge XpSszlignNne mSpIfnnot Zo]meparamctOslashmsS Cu cmXnsb ]ecpwkPohamdegmdpnembncppartp kvXoIfpw ]pcpjgeamcpw C-SIeiquestpartp sImnepff hfsc hrOslashnsIacute HcmtLmjambnkndnbbnepw apermilpw CXv SpartphpartncppartXmbn Camw A-_qima AtplusmnlOslashnssbquo Anot _Akv Fpart KŸOslashnnottcJsprodSpOslashnbnacutepnev

_dmAOslashv cmhv FspartmcmtLmjsOslashdegpdnregv hnipleJpiquestBntem _n(k)bpsS XncphNszligfntem bmsXm-cp ]cmaiquestihpanradic JpiquestBnnot kqdOslashp Xu_ XpSszligp-part-Xv _dmAOslashv Fpart ]Zw sImnemWv HgnhmdegpI Fpartm-Wv B ]ZOslashnssbquo Aiquestinfinw Fpartmnot AXnv Cu BtLm-j-hpambn bmsXmcp _lsquohpanradic _lpssZhmcm[Icp-ambn SOslashnb klsquonbnnot npartv Aradicmlphpw dkqepwH-gnhmbXmb ]Jym]amWv Cu BbOslashv AXn]Imcw_lpssZh hnizmknIfnnot npartv Bcpambn nszligƒIcmdnnot Giquestsprodacutenacuteptnem AhtcmSv AradicmlphnssbquobpwAhssbquo ZqXssbquobpw mKOslashv npartpasymp _m[yX HgntradeXmbn CXm ]Jym]ndegppartp(hn Jp91)

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]dtraden- p-asympXv(kqdOslashpnot JZviquest) daZmgeamkOslashnemWv ]cniple JpiquestBge CddegnbsXpartv JpiquestBge Xspart (2185)hyDaggeram-degn-bXpamWv AXpsImnev sseeOslashpnotJZvdmWv B A-pKloXcmXnsbpartpw

AXv daZmnemsWpartpw a- nemdegmhppartXmWv

2010 Pqsse6

AXpsImnepw Cu cnep cmXnbpw sseeOslashpnot JZviquest XspartbmWv FpartmWv kqNnprodndegppartXv

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Cu cmXnbnse ]tXyI akvImcsOslash ]permiln ]d-tradetradicm km[mcW cXnbpff XldividepZv akvIcw i-Av_mge ]Xncopynpw akvIcndegmhppartXmWv FpartmnotCu ]dtradesXradicmw Apartv ]tXyIw akvIcndegppartXns]permilnbmWv Aszligns dP_v amkOslashnepw Hcp ]tXyIakvImcw akvIcndegmdpnev Fpartmnot Cu akvImcwDnembXns ]permiln ssiJv Camw inlm_pplusmnoge A_qima]dbppartXn]Imcw BZyImeOslashv Cszligns HcpakvImcw Dnembncppartnradic lnPvd 448not ss_OslashpnotapJplusmnknnot m_notknnot npartpw Hcmƒ hcnIbpnembnC-_vp A_nnot lwdmAv FpartmWtplusmnlw Adnb-sprod-acutencppartXv Atplusmnlw sradicmcp HmOslashpImcmbncppartp i-Av_mge ]Xncopynssbquo cmhnnot akvPnZpnot AJvkbnnot Atplusmnlw npartv akvIcndegmge XpSszlign AtplusmnlOslashnssbquo ]npartn-not cnev aqpartmfpIƒ thsdbpw npartp Aszligns Ah-kmnregtprodmtgdegv AsXmcp henb Bƒdegqacuteambn BakvImcw ]npartoSszligns ]Ncnregp Fpartmnot dP_nseakvImcw 480not amXamWpnembXv AXnssbquo apge]vmanszligns Hpartv ImWpItbm tIƒdegpItbm sNbvXn-acutenradic(Anot_Akv t]Pv26 27)

Cu akvImcOslashnv Anot^nb AYhm BbncOslashn-te-degv tNiquestdegsprodacuteXv FpartmWv t]cv ]dbmdpffXv qdpdIAOslashv akvImcamWnXv qdp dIAOslashnepw ^m-Oslashnlbpw ]Oslashv hoXw kqdOslashpnot CJvemkpw HmXppartpA-szligns kqdOslashpnot CJvemkv Bbncw BhppartXvsImnemhmw CXnv Anot^noslash Fpart t]cv CXnv hpartXv

iA_mge ]Xncopynpff tmordmv ]tXyIambn HcplZoYnepw hpartnacutenradic Fpartmnot akvImchpambn Iqacuten tN-iquestOslashv hpart lZoYv hymPhpamWv Fradicm amkhpw 13 14 15Znhkszligfnnot tmordmv kppartOslashmWv AXp t]mseiA_mge 15pw tmnotdegpIbmsWparannot AXv ]pWyIiquest-aa-mhpw Fpartmnot Aspartmcp ]tXyI tmordmpnev Fpartvshregmnot AXv tIhew AmNmcw amXamWv

NpcpdegOslashnnot hniple ]amWszligfpsS ASnyumlm-Oslashn-not PohnXw IasprodSpOslashmpw imizXamb ]mcXnIhn-Pbw hcndegmpw a nepdreghiquest ]pWysapartv IcpXnsNoslashppart ImcyszligfpsSbpw km[pXbpw Atzjnregdn-tb-neXpnev radicsXpartv IcpXn Ipsd Apbdquomszligƒ niquest∆-ln-regv HSphnnot bdquodegmcpsS IqacuteOslashnnot s] v t]mhmXncn-degm-pasymp PmKX hnizmknbpsS apJapZbmhWw Aradicm-lp ApKlndegsacute

iA_mge ]-Xn-copynssbquocmXn Hcp sImradicsOslash _m[yXbnnot npartpw A-radicm-lp HgnhmIpIbmsWpart hnIekparanotprodamWvCXn-s _dmAOslashv Fpartv t]cvhnfndegmge bmYmyumlnXnIiquestdegvt]cIambXv

2010 Pqsse 7

F A_vZp- emw kpradican

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-IcpwlZokv ntj-[hpw

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hnjbw ˛1A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) nth-Zw ]hm-N-Issbquo ImeOslashv Hcp

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hnjbw 3alm-dn_v(d) nthZw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge ]d-bp

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ΩpsS ]gb Anota-m-dnssbquo [mcmfw edeg-szlig-fnnot CulZo-kns kzlo-lm-degp-partp C_vp ssXan-oslash (d)-C-Xnssbquo]c-ordm-cbpw Bi-bhpw kzlo-lm-sWpartv ]d-bp-partp Camwlmdegnapw Camw Zl-_n(-d)bpw lZo-kns kzlo-lm-degp-partp anivIm-Oslashnssbquo hymJym--KŸ-amb aniquestJm-Xnnot lZo-knssbquo Bi-bhpw ]c-ordm-cbpw kzlo-lm-Wpartv yumlm]n-degppartp sI sI kI-cnoslash lZo-kns Zpiquest_-e-am-Ip-hmgeDpart-bn-degppart Zpiquesthym-Jym--szligƒdegv C_vpOslashoan oslash(d) adp-]Sn FgpXp-partp (aPvaqAv ^Xmhm 38- 21) CXp-t]mseaniquestJm-Oslashnepw adp-]Sn ]d-bp-partp (aniquestJmOslashv 3˛475)

A_q lna

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sI Fge Fw Pnradicm afi-ew imJ skI-acute-dn-amiquestdegv

amy-tc A -emap Assedegpw

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Aradicmlp Ap-K-ln-degsacute

F ]n A_vZpnot JmZniquest aue-hnP-dnot skI-acute-dn sI Fge Fw

sI sP bp-hnssbquo Xocp-amw hni-Zo-I-cn-degppartkiquestdegp-eiquest C]-Im-cw

CMYK

CMYK

agekq-den sNΩmSv

2010 Pqsse8

Pnpartv ]nimNv hnj-b-Oslashnnot tIcf PwC-oslash-OslashpnotDe-a-bpsS ne]mSv

aX-]-t_m-[ cwKOslashv Pnpartv ]nim-Nv knlvdv hnj-b-szligƒ GXmpw hiquestj-szlig-fnnot Niquestreg sNoslash-sprod-Sp-IbpwAXv s]mXp-P--szligƒdegn-S-bnnot t]mepw Bi-b-degp-g-prod-szligƒdegv CS-h-cp-Oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp XpSiquestpartv tIcf PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot Deam Cu hnj-b-I-ambn ]eXhW NiquestregsNoslashp-Ibpw _lsquo-sprod- -h-cpsS A- n-]m-b-szligƒ tIƒdegp-Ibpw sNbvXp ]t_m-[--cw-KOslashv kzo-I-cn-tdegne ne-]mSv sI Fge Fw aptJ hyDagger-am-degn-sdegm-Sp-degmpwCu hnj--b-Icambn aiquestlqw apl-ΩZv Aamn auehn]kn-leo-I-cnreg X^vko-dnssbquo mK-szligƒ ]p-]-kn-leo-I-cn-degmpw sI Fge FΩn-tmSv Bh-iy-sprod-Sp-Ibpw sI Fge Fw niquesth-ln-degp-IbpwsNbvXp

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(P--dnot skI-acutedn sI Fge Fw)

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 9

2010 Pqsse10

5 Fkv Fw sFZoZv Xszligƒ

(sN-biquestamge sI sP bp Xvhm t_miquestUv)

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Dsnepart hcn cnep Iqacuteiquest-

degpw ]nSn -regp -n -e vdegm-

pasymp Xyen-am-Wv A-

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2010 Pqsse 11

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2010 Pqsse12

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AnotCkzvemlv

2010 Pqsse 13

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PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot De-am -bnnot Cubp-asymp-hge^Xvhmt_miquestUv saordm-dpw hmZ-]-Xn-hmZw ]Tn-degppart ]fin-X-summ-cpsS D]-tZ-i-Ik-an-Xn-bnse Hcp saordm-dpw-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-partp AOslashcw henb yumlm-szligƒ Hgn-hm-degn-sdegm-nemWvCu kwL-S--bn-tedegv hpart-Xv AXv BZiquesti-Oslashn-p-th-nen-bm-Wv Cu kwL-S--bnnot Cubp-asymp-hge Hcp yumlmhpwAe-para-cn-degp-partn-radic Ωp-sS epoundyw ZAvhOslashm-Wv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bm-pasymp aspermilmcp ImcWw Ah-cn-epasymp XJveoZv(-A-lsquo-amb Ap-I-c-Ww) atm- m-h-am-WvAnot_mn aZvl-_p-Imcpw apermilpasymp Nne aue-hn-amscXJveoZv sNoslashp-part-hcpw AXnnot nc-h-[n-bm-Wv ]tXy-InregvBZiquestiw a- n-em-degmsX Cu ASpOslash ImeOslashv AXn-tedegv hpartn- pasymp sNdp-prod-degm-cn-emWv Cu ]h-WX A[n-Ihpw Inep-h-cp-part-Xv Nne-cpsS XmSn-bpsS of-Oslashnpwapermilp Nne-cpsS ]kw-K-Oslashnse cmK-szligƒdegpw aqf-ep-IƒdegpwAan-X-amb ]m[myw notIn ]acutemordmn `mKOslashv PnreghyDaggern-sb-tprodmepw jmiquestP-bnse ssiJmbn sImnep--S-degp-partp

apPm-lnZv ]yumlmw apordmv ]t_m-[w sNbvXn-cppartandeg-hmdpw Imcy-szligƒdegv Cdegq- iquest FXn-cm-Wv Hcp ]yumlm--Oslashnnot Ahiquest sXpermilp sNoslashp-partn-sradic-paranepw AXnv hfw-sh-regp-sIm-Sp-degp-partXpw sXpermilp sNoslashp-part-Xnp Xpey-am-Wv Iiquesta-im-kvX-]-c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot apordmv Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw kppart-Oslashn-ssbquobpw ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot mw ]hiquestOslashn-regp-t]m-cppart]e Iiquesta-szlig-fnepw amkmyenw hyXym-k-szligƒ hcpOslashn]pXnb Iiquesta-im-kvX-szligƒ cq]-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partpPnpartp-tk-h-Iƒdegpw knlvdv _m[degpw Aan-X-amb]m[myw notIn P-szligsf Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-fnnot Xf-regn-Smge Xoh-iaw S-degp-partp tXrXzw n -lm-bcpw n w-K-cp-ambn tmdegn-nnotdegp-partp COslash-c-samcp Iqacutem-bva-bnnotFsyenmsdeg `uXnI s]men-a-Ifpw ]Xm-kp-Ifpw ]W-sdegm-gpprodpw Dsne-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Ap-K-lhpwimizX hnP-b-Oslashn-pasymp Aiquestl-Xbpw AhnsS Hcn-degepwe`n-degn-radic Aradicmlp cpoundn-deg-sacute

2010 Pqsse14

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse ]nfiquestprodnssbquo ]rsaquom-Oslash-e-Oslashnnot ]apJ ]fin-Xge A_vZp emwkpradic-ansb njvI-cpWw hnaiquestin-degp-part-h-tcmSv thZ-n-degppart a-t m-sSbpwKpW-Imw-pound-tbm-sSbpw Nne Imcy-szligƒ Ipdn-degp-I-bm-Wv

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse ]nfiquestprodnnot BZiquesti]ctamkwL-S-m-]-ctam Bb GsX-paranepw Hcp Niquestreg-bnnot kemw-kp-radic-an-bpsS Hcp ]pkvX-Itam ]kw-Ktam ]pkvI-OslashnseHcp Dplusmn-c-Wntbm hcntbm hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bn- nradic (cnevIq -cp-sSbpw ]_-lsquo-szligƒ ]cn-tim-[n-degp-I)

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apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse Bi-bm-Ziquesti ASn-Oslash-d-bp-ambn _lsquo-sprod v Hacutep-andeg ]pkvX-I-szligfpw Fgp-Xn-bXvkemw-kp-radic-an-bmWv (kp-partn-I-fpsS kXy-[m-c-bnnot Aordm-e-deg-Shv laoZv ss^kn Cu Imcyw Fgp-Xp-partp-nev)

]yumlmw cnembn ]nf-cp-part-Xnv apordmv CradicmOslash GsXmcp ]pXnb hmZ-amWv kemw kpradic-andegv Ctprodm-gp-asympXvFpart Imcyw ]tXyIw ile-biquestln-degp-partntradic

sI Fge Fw tcn v S-Oslashppart FS-hAElig Pman-Abnnot Kh sslkvIqƒ tPmen cmPn-shregv cnev ]Xn-permilm-nen-tesd Imew Xpmdash-amb iordm-f-Oslashnv tPmen sNbvX kemwkpradic-andegv Apartn-radicmOslash hradic ]pXnb hmZhpw ]nparto-Sp-nem-bn- ptnem (A-tplusmn-lsOslash Ahn-sS-npartpw Bcpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bn- n-radic Fpart Imcyw ]tXyIw a- n-em-tdeg-ne-Xn-tradic)

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lm-b-Xns Zpiquest_-e-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-tnem lZokv kzoI-cn-degm-pasymp am-Z-fi-szlig-fnnot Jpiquest-B-

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Cu n_-lsquo--I-sfmsdeg Dkp-eqnot lZo-knssbquo]fin-X-summiquest nrsaquo-bn-reg-Xtradic

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Cu n_-lsquo--Iƒ Dnem-degn-bXv kemw kpradic-an-bm-tWm

kemw kpradic-an-bpsS hniple Jpiquest-Bge hmJymwmev hmfy-szlig-fmbn ]pd-Oslashn-d-szlign-bn v hiquestj-szlig-fmbn (Agehm-dpnot Jpiquest-B-ge) CXnnot GsX-paranepw Bb-Oslashnv apgeIme]fin-X-summiquest GI-I-WvT-ambn yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashnb Hcp ImcysOslash ncm-I-cn-regXpw Zpiquesthym-Jymw S-Oslashn-bXpw Bsc-paranepw Nqnen-degm-Wn-regn- ptnem

Hcp lZokv KŸw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-b-tprodmƒ AXnse apgp-hge lZo-kp-Ifpw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-Ibpw hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bh Nqnen-degm-Wn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-I-b-radicmsXkzyenw ne-bnnot Atplusmnlw GXv lZo-kmWv Xasympn-deg-f-tradeXv

HmiquestdegpI Ch-sbmsdeg ]pd-Oslashn-d-szlign-bXv kwL-Sm]iv-Oslashnv apordmm-bn-cp-partp Aspartmpartpw kpradic-an-bpsStNmcdegv thnen Bcpw InX-bvdegp-partp-nem-bn-cp-partnradic

kwL-S ]nf-cp-part-Xnv apordmpw kemw-kp-radican sIFge FΩnssbquo Xvhm t_miquestUnnot AwK-am-bn-cp-partntradicApartn-radicm-Oslash-sX-yenmWv Cpartv kemw kpradic-an-bn-ep-asympXv

]e hnjbszlig-fnepw temI ]i-kvXcpw njvIma Iiquestan-I-fp-amb ]fin-X-summiquest GIm- n-]m-b-degm-cradic Ah-c-hcva n-em-degnb ]Tw SOslashn ]cn-tim-[nregv tcJ-sprod-Sp-OslashnbImcy-szligƒ ]eXpw hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cp-partp AXnssbquo t]cnnotAhsc mw Fsyenm-sdeg-prod-d-b-Ww

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Jpdm- n-Iƒ Dpart-bn-degppart ]e lZo-kp-Ifpw XssbquoImgvN-prodm-Snnot knnotkne kzlo-l-bnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-OslashnbAnot_m-nsb mw Fyenv sNoslash-Ww

kvXo apJw ad-bvdegWw Fpartv ]dtrade C_vp_mkns mw Fyenv hnfn-deg-Ww

kp_-lndegv JqqOslashv HmXp-partXnv mw hntcm-[-sampartpw ImWp-partn-radic Fspart-gp-Xnb sI Daiquest aue-hnsbmw Fszligs ImWWw

CA-vXn-Zm-ennot ssI scopynnot shdeg-W-sapartv XvhevIppart kpDu-Zn-bnse ke^n ]fin-X-summcpw AXv_nZvOslashm-sW-part-gp-Xnb Anot_m-nbpw temtIm-Oslashc ]fin-X-summ-csradic

Cszligs FX-sbX hnj-b-szligƒ Aev]w amXw lZokv kzoI-cn-regv apgp-hge Imcy-szlig

fpw Jpiquest-B-nssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot aX-n-baw Ioslashm-fnbaZvl-_nssbquo Camw A_q-l-o- sb Bsc-paranepw tXtPm-

i_oiquest FS-degpfwkpradic-ansbISn-regp-Io-dp-part-h-tcmSv

2010 Pqsse 15

h[w sNbvXpthm mb-bpsS Xe H-gn-hm-degn-bmnot _mdegnP sradicpartv ]d-tradeXv kemw-kp-radic-an-b-radictradicm Camw amen-degsradic Fpartnacutepw B ]fin-Xsc mw BZ-cn-degp-partp

Cszligs nc-h-[nkemw-kp-radican kwL-Sm ]iv-Oslashnnot Bcp-a-radicm--bn-cp-

partp AXp-sImnev Xspart Atplusmn-lsOslash Xszlig-fpsS tNcn-bn-tedegv poundWn-degmge t]mbXv Cpartv Atplusmn-lsOslash tAtildePnnotshregv sXmen-s]m-fn-degppart kI-cn-oslashbpw A_vZpiquestd-lvamgeke- nbpw Ccn-th-permiln-bp-sam-sdeg-bm-bn-cp-partp

kzyenw tPmen cmPn-shregv Ckz-vemlo ]yumlm--OslashnvPohnXw kaiquestprodnreg BtcmSpw Hcp bm-ss]-kdegpw uXnIem -Oslashnpw Hpartpw sNoslashm-Oslash Cpartv Xspart ]pe`yw ]d-bp-part-hiquestdegv t]mepw cmXn hfsc sshIn hsc Ccppartvtm v Xoslashm-dmdegn sImSpOslash ]ecpw kwL-S-sb ]nfiquestOslashnsImgpOslashv XSnregv ˛ henb cay liquestay-szlig-fnnot hni-anregvkwL-S--bnnot IpOslashn-Oslashn-cnprodv S-Oslashp-tordmmgpw sNdnb HcpHmSnacute hoacutennot Htck-abw Hcp-]mSv Imcy-szligƒ C-kz-vemlo]yumlm--Oslashnv thnen sNbv-Xp-sIm-nen-cn-degppart kemwkpradican Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Fyenv hogvN-Iƒ hpartn- p-sne-paran-ep-aXv KpWImwpoundtbmsS Nqnen-degm-Wn-degp-part-Xnp ]Icwkpradic-ansb Hpermil-sprod-SpOslashn ISnregp IpS-bp-part-hiquest Hmiquestdegp-I˛

F ]ntbm Sn ]ntbm ]metOslashm Cszligs Hcm-tcm-]-WhpwAtplusmn-l-sOslash-prodpermiln ]d-bp-partnradic Fpart-Xv Hcp Imcyw IqSnBiquestdegpw Jpiquest-Btm lZotkm ]Tnregv ]fin-X-summ-cmhmwAXradic kemw kpradic-ansb Nhnacuten saXn-regn v Xspart-bm-h-W-sa-parannot Aszlig-s-bp-am-hmw kemw kpradic-an-sb BtKmflZokv ]fin-Xge Ifn-bm-degnot S-Oslashn-bmte a-spermilmcp]fin-X-mhq FpartmsWparannot AXp-am-hmw

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]-S-reg-ht Rszlig-fpsS a- nnot hnizm-kn-I-tfmSv]Ibpw hntZz-jhpw D-nem-deg-cptX (B-aoge)

Akokv aue-ho amprodv

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2010 Pqsse16

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2010 Pqsse16

2010 Pqsse 17

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2010 Pqsse 17

2010 Pqsse18

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aspermilmcp npartnprodvtXmhnssbquo DSayumlXbnnot tcsOslash Xspartnehnepnembncppart aspermilmcp ldividev Kqprodnssbquo tXrXzta-spermilSpdegmge CubnSdegv aspermilmcp ]finXge Xacutean v ]Xypound-sprodacuteXpIqSn tNiquestOslashv hmbndegptordmmƒ Aymbamb HcpImcWw ]dtradev ]t_m[cwKOslashv ]XnklsquonIfp-nem-degnbhsc AtX ImcWw Xspart Dddegw sISpOslashppartXvkXymtzjnIƒdegv hensbmcp Xncnregdnhnssbquo tiquest-degmgvNIfmhpIbmWv

Ctprodmƒ kzyendegmcmbtprodmƒ kzImcy ldividev KqprodpI-fpw ldividev Kqprodnssbquo SOslashnprodpImcpsS kwLSm _lsquo-hpw t]cnse kwLSm kmayXbpw HutZymKnI ]knleo-IcWszligfnse ]ckyszligfpw Fradicmw lemembXv GXv a-gelPnssbquo ASnyumlmOslashnemsWpartv kaqltOslashmSv hn-iZoIcndegmge `npartnprodpImiquest _m[yyumlcmWv Anotamiquestldividev skradicns alm]m]amdegn AhXcnprodnregv sF FkvFΩns ]ncnregv hn v kzbw Ahtcm[nXcmb AUvtlm-degnssbquo sshkv ]knUsbquomWv ]Xncopyv hiquestjsOslash ]mcordm-cyw AhImisprodSppart kamyenc Kqprodnssbquo mbIge

adeg Ckzvemlo sksbquodnnot Xmakw hsc hmKvZmwsNoslashppart Kq-prodnssbquo innotprodnbmhsacute AtX AUvtlmdegnseaspermilmcw-Kw ]nfiquestprodnssbquo AWnbdbnnot Gsd hnbiquest-sprodm-gpdegnb t-XmdegfmWv apermilp ldividevKqprodpIfpsSbpw Aac-Oslashv BtcmSv ]dbmge Aaiquestjw tXmpartnbntacutem ymbszligƒncOslashn ]-Xntcm[nregntacutem AregSdeg S]SnsbSpOslashntacutemCu Zpch-yumlbnnot npartpw apJw cpoundndegmge Ignbnsradicpartvt-XrXzw Xncnregdnbppartpnev B XncnregdnhmWv kamyen-cdegmcpsS Duiquestdividehpw XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv ]n-partnnot ]hiquest-Oslashnreg AhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart ]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmge t]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXv kzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmw NnradicpIqacutenemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

NpcpdegOslashnnot Ckzvemlo tXmdegfpsSbpw ]hiquestOslash-I-cpsSbpsamsdeg klIcWtOslashmsSbpw ]paramfnOslashtOslashm-sSbpw Sdegppart sumIsf kwLSm kmtparaXnIXzszlig-fpsS t]cnepw kzmiquestinfin Xmnot]cyszligƒdegmbpw XpcparawshdegpIbpw KpcpXcamb ]XnklsquonIƒdegnSbmdegppartA]Iz odegszligfntedegv bndegpIbpw sNbvXhiquestdegv C-szligns ]eXpw tcntSnen hcpw Hcp apPmlnZv ]-finXgeGsXparanepw ldividev Kqprodnssbquo mbIcm-hp-partXnnot sumImWmge XoslashmdmhmOslashhiquest AXnssbquo t]cnnot alOslashm-sbmcp ]yumlmOslashnnot hnasympepnemdegnbhiquest AtXhnjbOslashnnot XethZbp`hndegppartXv sImnev amX-amWv ]cmarbdquo ldividev KqprodpIƒ ChnsS hnjbamhppartXv`npartnprodv tXrXzOslashnssbquo CcacuteOslashmprodpw Im]Syhpw XpdpartvImWndegppart qdp IWdegnv XncnregSnIfnnot ldividev Kqprodpwkzm`mhnIambpw Dƒsprodsacutepartv amXw _lpamsprodacute F]o Aszligv Cnsbparanepw ]dbpI kwLSm ]nfiquestprodnmbnnszligƒ Apartv Dpartbnreg Hmtcm Imcyszligfpw Hcndegnot IqSnkaqlOslashnv appartnnot AhXcnprodndegmge nszligƒdegmhptamAsradicparannot CddegpaXn BZiquestidegmcpsS KqUmtemN-bnepw oNIrXyszligfnepw ]paramfnbmbXnssbquo t]cnnot HcpXncpsOslashparanepw Xmparafnnot npartv ]Xopoundndegmtam BZ-iquesti]cambpw kwLSm]cambpw HmtcmcpOslashcpw XndegvtXmpartnb t]mse hnfbmSppart Hcp IpfOslashnssbquo Imhnot-Itkctbdegmƒ Aeparamchpw AwKoImchpw AXnmbn-cndegpsapartv addegmXncndegpI

XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv]n-partnnot ]hiquest-OslashnregAhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmget]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXvkzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmwNnradicpIq nemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

2010 Pqsse 19

iniquestdegv alm-]m-]-am-sWpartpw hradic-hpw iniquestdegv sN-bvXmnot Ahge Atszlig-bpermilw hgn-]n-g-regp-t]mbhm-sWpartpwhm-tem-I-Oslashp-npartv Xmtgm- p-ho-W-h-s-tprodm-se-bm-sWpartpwhniple Jpiquest-Bge ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Fpartmnot Rszligƒ iniquest-degv sNoslashp-partn-sradic-partmWv Ahiquest hmZn-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Jpiquest-Bge iniquestdegm-sWpartv hyDagger-am-degnb Imcy-szligƒJpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kp-I-fp-sSbpw shfn-reg-Oslashnnot apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaiquestYn-degp-tordmmƒ Rszlig-fpsS t]cnnot iniquestdegm-tcm-]Ww S-Oslashp-I-bmWv nszlig-sfpartv ka-kvX(-Im-yen-]pcw -C sI hn`m-K-szligƒ) kwyumlm kppartnbpw apermilpkppartn-hn- m--K-szligfpw ]N-fi-amb ]Nm-cWw S-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partp

GsX-paranepw hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegv Btcm-]n-degp-part-Xp-sImnev apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒdegv ]tXy-Inregv Hcp tacutehpw e`n-degm-n-radic Fpartmnot iniquestdegv GXv cq]-Oslashnnot Fhn-sS-npartvIS-partp-h-partmepw AXv iniquestdegm-sWpartv Xpd-partp-]-d-bm-pasympBiquestPhw apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ImWn-degm-dp-nev

iniquestdegnssbquo niquesth-Nw ]mam-Wn-I-K-Ÿ-szlig-fnepwka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnepw

Dpart-X-mb Aradicm-lp-hnv ]parap-Im-cs yumlm]n-degp-part-Xn-mWv iniquestsdegpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnnot Cpart hyDaggern]parap-tNiquestOslashp-shpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sm-dp-nev AXv Gpermilhpw henbAhn-izm-k-amWv (Anot ap vcZmOslashv t]Pv 259)

hnK-l-szligsf Bcm-[n-degnot amX-aradic iniquestdegv Fpartmnot]Xm-]-im-en-bmb nssbquo cpoundn-Xm-hnssbquo IqsS Ahge Hgn-sI-bp-asymp-Xns o sXc-strade-Sp-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (^p-Xq-lpnot ssKz_v aJme 7)

iniquestdegv sNoslashpI Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegvBcm-[--biquestprodn-degemWv bYmiquestY-Oslashnnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hge Bcm-[n-deg-sprod-Smge ]permilp-I-bn-radic (X vkodpnot I_oiquesthC-ZvJme epJvamge Fpart Bb-Oslashnssbquo hni-Zo-I-c-Ww)

temI apkvenw-Iƒ AwKo-I-cn-degppart KŸ-szlig-fnse C_m-d-Oslashp-I-fmWv apI-fnnot Dle-cn-reg-Xv Fpartmnot Xszligƒ sNoslashppart iniquestdegn-s- -iniquestdeg-sradicpartv ]dtradev ymbo-I-cn-degppartka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopound-W-szligƒ IqSn ImWp-I

Hcp hyDaggern Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degp-tordmmƒ amXtainiquestdegv hcp-partp-asympq Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv kzbw Ign-hp-snepartv hniz-kn-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (sIm- -prodpdw kwhmZw166 H Fw Xcp-h-W)

Bcm-[--degiquestl-mbn Aradicm-lpsh-tprodmse apermilp ]eXpwDsne-partpasymp hnizm-kw CXn-mWv iniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sp-partXv (Ciquestim-Zpnot C_m-Zv- -a-e-bmf ]cn- mj t]Pv 29 FwFw Cordmn-regn-tdegmb apkveymiquest)

tmdegp-I ka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopoundWOslashnnot HcphyDaggern acn-regmepw Csradic-paranepw Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-knregv

F A_vZpnotAkokv aZn

iniquestdegvBtcm-]-Wtam bmYmiquestYytam

Atplusmn-l-tOslashmSv ]miquestYn-regmte iniquestdegv hcn-I-bp-asympq A]-Imcw Xspart kzbw Ignhv B hnfn-deg-sprod-Sppart BƒdegvDsnepartv hniz-kn-regmte iniquestdegm-hp-I-bp-asympq FX hnNn-X-amb Hcp hopound-W-am-WnXv Jpiquest-Bpw ap - n-dp-Ifpw]hm-N-Ige(k)-bpsS lZo-kp-Ifpw Cu hmZsOslash Jfin-degp-partp o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa nszligƒ hnfnregv]m-iquest-Yn-degppart nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Isfprodpermiln nszligƒ Nnyennregvtmdegp-I Cu qan-bnnot Fyenm-W-hiquest krjvSn-regn- p-asymp-sXpartvnszligƒ Fndegv ImWn-regp-X-cn-I AX-radic BIm-i-szlig-fnnotAhiquestdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem AX-radic mw Ahiquestdegv hradic-K-Ÿhpw notIn-bn v AXnnot npartpasymp sXfn-h-p-k-cn-regmtWmAhiquest ne-sIm-asympp-partXv Fpartmnot AI-a-Im-cn-IƒAtymyw hmKvZmw sNoslashp-partXv hcopy--am-X-am-Ip-partp(^m-Xzniquest 40)

Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

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ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

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CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

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IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

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1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

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4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

d_o-Dnot Ahnot amk-Oslashnnot DZn-prodn-reg-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege Xspart-bp-a-radic kiquesth-tem-I-szligfpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnpapordmmbn Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]Imiw (qiquest) Dnem-degp-Ibpw]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv ma-I-cWwsNbvX-h-p-am-b-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege CXm-Wn-XnssbquoAiquestYw ]spound hniple Jpiquest-B-n-s XInSw adn-degm-pasymp ia-Oslashnssbquo mK-ambpasymp Hcp Ap-I-c-W-am-Wn-hnsSImWp-part-Xv Jpiquest-B-nse kqd-Oslashpnot Ckvdm-Cse Hpartm-asOslash BbOslashpw ageIqkv auen-Znssbquo BZysOslash Cuhmdegp-Ifpw a- n-cpOslashn Hpartv hmbnregp tmdegq XnIregpwJpiquest-B-n-tmSv InS-]n-Sn-degm-pasymp KqV iaw AXnnot Hfn-tradep-In-S-degp-part-Xmbn t_m-[y-sprod-Spw AsX Jpiquest-Bge hN--szligsftprodmse sIacuten-degq-acuten-bp-nemdegn _n(-k)-bpsSaZvlmWv ]d-bp-part-sXpartv hymtP CkvemansOslashspart Ifn-bm-degp-I-bm-Wn-hiquest Aszlig-s-bm-W-hiquest t]Sn-kz]vszligfpwDddegw sISp-Oslashn-I-fp-am-b-Xv kiquesth-tem-Iszlig-sfbpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnp apordmv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-bpsS Hfnhv (qiquest)krjvSn-regp-nem-degn-sbpartpw ]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hmWv ma-I-cWw sNbvX-sX-partp-amWvaueq-Zp-Im-cge Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)bpsSPw Dnem-b-tprodm-tgdegpw ]nXm-hmb A_vZpradic ac-W-sprod-acuten-cp-partp-shpartpw Aszligs Ipacutendegv apl-ΩZv Fpartv t]cp-hn-fn-regXv ]nXm-a-l-mb A_vZpnot apOslash-en-_m-sWpartpamWvNcnXkXyw Cu aueqZv A]qiquestW-a-sradic-parante Acurrenp-X-ap-asympq Asradic-paranepw cN-bn-Xmhv Bsc-part-dn-bmOslash Ipprod-IƒIb-permilnb Iprod-e-sradic apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mbnntbm-Knreg tijw Ah-X-cn-prodn-reg Jpiquest-B-nnot BZysOslashap-jy-kr-jvSn-bmbn BZ-an-s-bmWv ]cn-N-b-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-part-Xv Fpartmnot aueo-Znnot apl-ΩZv _n-bpsS ]Im-ihpwCOslashcw A_-le-szlig-ƒ ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hmge Imordm-bn-p-I-fp-nem-degp-parthiquest kppartOslashpPam-AOslashv CsXmpartpw icn-b-sradicpartp]d-bp-part-hiquest Zonssbquo ]pdOslashv Fsyenmcp sXmen-degacuten

apeqZv XpScmw h AJvd-Plp ^o BJn-cn- -amnIam Jplusmnd h A_vZm AiquestYw Atplusmn-lsOslash AradicmlpCu Ah-km--Im-e-L- -Oslashnnot AhgeI-degmdegn nrsaquonreg]Imcw ChnsS sImnep-h-partp IqSm-sX h Anot_-klpJnnotAOslashnot Pam-en-radicXo ew bpnot_nkvlm Al-ZmAsX Atplusmn-lsOslash Ahge Ae-param-c-Oslashnssbquo hkvX-szlig-fnnot npartpw apermilm-scbpw [cn-prodn-regn- n-radicm-OslashXv [cn-prodn-degp-IbpwsNbvXp tmdegpI kXy-hp-ambn CXnpartv hradic _lsquo-hp-aptnem Aradicmlp ap-jy-cnnot Gpermil-hp-a-[nIw wKn evIn-bXv bqkp v(A) _n-degm-Wv Fpartmnot ChnsS ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n-bm-sWpartpw Icp-Xn-degqacuten pW-Iƒniquestan-regp-nemdegn Ah-X-cn-prodn-regXv ]mSn S-degm-pasymp Ch-cpsS Niquesta Lw A]mcw Xspart

hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

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Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an-bpsS aspermilmcp ]Xn-prodmbn sF

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

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(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

iwkp-plusmnoge ]me-tdegmSv

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2010 Pqsse30

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Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

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CMYK

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05

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2010 Pqsse

2010 Pqsse 3

Anot Ckzvemlv honepw

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2010 Pqsse4

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2010 Pqsse 5

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2010 Pqsse6

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2010 Pqsse 7

F A_vZp- emw kpradican

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2010 Pqsse8

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CMYK

2010 Pqsse 9

2010 Pqsse10

5 Fkv Fw sFZoZv Xszligƒ

(sN-biquestamge sI sP bp Xvhm t_miquestUv)

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2010 Pqsse 11

icn-Iƒ t_m[y-sprod-Sp-tordmmƒ bmsXmcp ssha--kyhpwIqSmsX Ahsb kzoI-cn-degp-Ibpw sXpermilp-Iƒ a- n-em-hp-tordmmƒ Fyenv XymKw klnregpw Ah shSn-bp-Ibpw sNoslashpI FpartXv ]mc-XnI cpound epoundy-am-degppart Hmtcm hnizm-kn-bp-sSbpw ASn-yumlm _m[y-X-bm-Wv hniple ]am-W-szlig-fpsS shfn-reg-Oslashnnot Zons X-Xmb coXn-bnnot ]t_m-[w sNoslashp-Ibpw al-Oslashmb B Iiquesta-]-le-Xndegp appartnnotkIe ]tIm-]--szlig-sfbpw ]tem- --szlig-sfbpw XrW-hnotKWn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashppart apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHmtcm ]hiquestOslash-Ipw Cu KpW-szligƒ kzm`m-hn-I-ambpwDnem-th-ne-Xp-am-Wv AOslash-c-Oslashnnot icn-sbpartv nregv Ncnreghgn-bnse Xnsum-Iƒ IsneOslashn Ah-tbmSv hnS-]-d-bmgekm[nreg Hcp hyDaggern-bmWv Cu Ipdn-prodp-Im-cge

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2002not apPm-lnZv kwL-S ]nfiquestpart-tprodmƒ cnevhiquestj-tOslashmfw tIcfw apgp-hge apg-szlign-tdegacute Hc-]-hmZ ]Nm-c-W-am-bn-cppartp aS-hq-cn-Iƒdegv BZiquesti-hy-Xn-bmw kw -hn-regn-cn-degppartp Fpart-Xv BZy-Im-e-szlig-fnnot Cubp-asymp-hpw Ipd-regp-Imew AtX-permilp-]m-Sn-bn-cppartp FpartXv Hcp kXy-am-WvAh-kmw ssZhn-I-amb inpound Fpart ne-bnnot Btcm-]-I-summ-cn-te-degp-Xspart ]kvXpX Btcm-]Ww Xncn-regp-hpartpFpart-XmWv hkvXp-X Cubp-asymp-hge h-bm-Ym-yumln-IscIsoslashm-gn-bm-pasymp ][m--amb ImcWw BZiquesti-hy-Xn-bmwXspart-bm-Wv BZiquesti-hy-Xn-bm--Oslashnssbquo XpSdegw RmgeImWp-partXv sNΩm v ]asympn-an-ordm-dnnot npartm-Wv AhnsS amk-szlig-tfmfw apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnssbquo t]cnnot Pnpartp sshIr-X-szlig-fpsS DΩm-a-deg-Y-Iƒ iwkp-plusmnoge ]meOslashv Ah-X-cn-prodn-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Aszligs ]cn-ip-le-amb ]asympn anordmiquest Pnpartp-a-b-ambn amdp-Ibpw kzyenw AWn-I-fnnots]acute Nne tXm-

Nmen-e-IOslashv Fwknkn ktlm-Z-c-summiquestsI Fw aue-hn kn F auehn XpS-szlignb

alm-summ-cmb ]fin-X-cpsS ]t_m-[]hiquestOslash--szligƒdegv thZn-bm-bn-cppart Xncq-c-szligmSn Xd-Ωnot Ppam-akvPnZnse JOslasho-_mbn hiquestj-szlig-fmbn ]hiquestOslashn-degppartFn-degv Ahiquest bnreg Cu BZiquesti

]yumlm--Oslashnssbquo t]cnnot S-degppart hyXn-bm--szlig-tfmSv cmPn-bm-hmge Hcn-degepw Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic uXnI ]tem- --szligfpwyumlm-am--szligfpw kXy-Oslashnssbquo ]mX-bn-te-

degpasymp XS- -am-h-cp-X-tradicm

2010 Pqsse12

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h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bm-pasymp BZiquesti-]-c-amb

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aspermilm-cp-Im-c-Ww 13102009v kI-cnoslashm kzem-ln-bpsSPnpartp-hmZw Niquestreg sNoslashm-mbn ]pfn-degnot aZo--Oslashpnot DeqwHmUn-tpermilm-dn-b-Oslashnnot PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot Deam FIvkn-Iyp- o-hn-ssbquobpw ^Xvhm t_miquestUn-ssbquobpw Hcp kwbp-Dagger-tbmKwhnfn-regp-tNiquestOslashn-cp-partp tbmK-Oslashnnot A_vZpiquestdlvamgeke^n kI-cnoslashm kzem-ln-bpsS ]pXnb Pnpartp-hm-ZsOslashnin-X-ambn hnaiquestin-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Iptd kabw ]kvXp-X-tbm-K-Oslashnnot Pnpartp-Kqprodpw Bsbquon Pnpartp Kqprodpw XΩnnotiDagger-amb hmKzmZw S-partp Chn-sS-shregv ke- ndegv adp-]Sn ]d-bmge Ap-aXn e`n-degmOslash kI-cnoslash kzemln]npartoSv Xvhm t_miquestUv saordmiquestamiquestdegv Xssbquo ]cm-Xn-IfpwhmZ-szligfpw Xmge apordmv ]dtrade A_-le-szligfpw Dƒsdegm-asympn-regp-sImnev IOslashv sImSp-degp-I-bp-nem-bn ]kvXpX IOslashnssbquo

Anot-Ckzvemln-te-degpasymp krjvSn-Ifpw A`n-]m-b-szligfpw niquesttZ-i-szligfpw Xmsg hnem-k-Oslashnnot Ab-degp-I ]kn-leo-I-c-W-tbm-Ky-ambkw`-h-szligƒ FgpXn Adn-bn-degp-Itbm hnfn-reg-dn-bn-degp-Itbm sNoslashmw

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv tImgn-tdegmSv 2t^muml 9447232531 9633010100

AnotCkzvemlv

2010 Pqsse 13

cnemw t]Pnnot knlvdpw ItAEligdpw en-degp-I-bnradic Fpartvapordmv Atplusmnlw ]kw-Kn-regn-cp-part-Xmbn tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-nev Ctprodmƒ Atplusmnlw ]d-tradep--S-degp-partXv AXn-spart-Xn-cm-Wv AXnssbquo Bdmw t]Pnnot Pnpartp-Iƒ ap-jy-i-co-c-OslashnnotIb-dn-degq-Sn-bmnot AXnv NnIn-rsquo--SOslashmw Fpartpw tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-nev ]qiquestho-I-Im-e-L- -szlig-fnnot ]e ]ptcm-ln-X-summcpw knle-summcpw bph-Xn-Isf Pnpartn-d-degmgethnen Ccp-acutep-ap-dn-degp-asympnnot ]th-in-prodnregv ]oUn-prodn-degm-dp-nem-bn-cp-partpCkvemlo ]yumlmw hfsc apordmp-Xspart COslashcw Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-sfbpw Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw FXniquestOslashp-t]m-part-Xm-Wv CXnssbquo Hsdeg CS-bn-emWv aspermilmcp BZiquesti-hy-Xn-bm--kw- hw Ziquestin-degp-part-Xv AYhm nregv Hm v SqOslashv Ub-d-IvSiquest Zpss_ ssiJnssbquo Nmh-Sn-b-yenn-c-Oslashnnot ]spara-Sp-Oslash-Xmbn t^mtacutem klnXw ImWm-n-S-bm-bn CXpw h-bm-Ym-yumln-I-cpsS Im]Syw a- n-em-degmge Imc-W-am-bn Bsc-paranepw iniquestdegp-Iƒtdegm _nZv-A-Oslashp-Iƒtdegm ]nyenpWnotIn-b-Xp-sIm-neradic Cubp-asymp-hge kwL-S--hn- -Xv adn-regv COslashcw XvhIfpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw S-Oslashn-bn v kwL-S Ahsc tNmZyw sNoslashp-I-t]m-epw-sN-oslashmsX n w-KX]men-degp-IbmWv sNbvX-Xv AXp-sIm-nem-Wv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-trade-Xv

CXn-ssbquo-sbmsdeg CS-bn-em-Wv Ckzvemlv amkn-I-bpsSiniquestdegv ]Nm-c-Whpw S-partn-cp-part-Xv Pnpartn-tmSpw ae-degn-tmSpw klm-bw-tX-Smw Ahiquest `uXnI Pohn-I-fm-Wvkpsse-amge _n(-A) Pnpartp-I-tfmSv klmbw tXSn-bn- p-nev kemw kpradic-anbpw sNdn-b-apnew A_vZpnotl-aoZv aZ-nbpw A]-Imcw tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- pnev Fpartn-szligst]mIppartp ymbo-I-c-Ww e-Oslashnnot XuloZv ]d-bm-pasympkzmXyenyw t]mepw Cu h-bm-Ym-yumln-Iiquest Cradicm-Xm-degnBsc-paranepw Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw XuloZv ]d-trademnot bmYm-yumlnI apkveym-deg-summiquest ]Ziquestin-prodn-degp-partXv kI-cnoslashm kzem-ln-bpsS Pnpartp-I-tfmSv klmbw tXSmw ae-degp-I-tfmSvklmbw tXSmw Fpart ]kw-K-Im-k-permilm-Wv Pnpartp-Ifpw ae-degp-Ifpw ac-W-sprod- -hcpw sΩ kw_-lsquon-treg-S-tOslashmfw AZr-iy-cmWv A`u-Xn-I-cp-am-Wv AXp-shregv apkveymdegƒdegvapPm-ln-Zp-Isf hnaiquestin-degmge ]bm-k-an-radic kwL-SBZiquesti-Oslashnssbquo hgn-bn-tedegv Xncn-regp-h-cptam Fpartv Fradicm]co-pound-W-szligfpw S-Oslashn-b-Xn-p-ti-j-amWv Cubpasymp-hgeh-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bp-part-Xv Ah-kmw Cubp-asymp-hge Pnpartp-_m-[sb kw_-lsquonregpw Ch-cpsS ]pXnbhmZ-szligsf Jfin-regp-sImnepw Jpiquest-Bge amXw sXfn-hm-degn-sdegmnev Anota-miquest amkn-I-bn-tedegv Hcp teJw Fgp-Xn kI-cnoslashm kzemln sNmSndegpw Fpart Imc-W-Oslashmnot]kvXpX teJw FSp-Oslashn-radic

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tXrXzw ]cn-an-X-am-Ipw ]ikvXn jvS-sprod-Spw Ah-kmw ac-W-Oslashn-p-ap-ordmp-X-spart tXr-Ip-prodmbw Agn-regp-sh-tdeg-nen-h-cpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bmge apermilp ]e Imc-W-szlig-fp-ap-nev Ah-Iƒ AX-]-[m--a-sradic-paranepw Fgp-Xm-Xn-cn-degmgeniquesthm-l-an-radic F ]n apPm-lnZv ]yumlmw nb-yenn-degp-partXv AXnssbquo ]fin-X-kw-L-S--ap-Xnot Fw Fkv Fwhsc Nne tImdeg-kp-I-fm-Wv ]kvXpX tImdeg-kp-I-fmWvtXr-cw-K-tOslashdegv ]m-ep-I-fp-nem-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nemWv]kvXpX kwL-Sm tXr-n-c-bn-tedegv ]pXnb HcmƒIS-partp-h-cm-Oslash-Xpw IS-partp-h-part-hge ]pd-Oslashp-t]m-Im-Oslash-XpwaX-]-c-amb hnj-b-szlig-fntem atpermilm Cu tImdeg-kp-I-fnnotsprodacuteBsc-sb-paranepw FXniquestOslashmnot Ahge Xg-b-sprod-Spw Cubp-asymp-h-sbpw Aszligs Xg-tradep-niquestOslashmpw Hpermil-sprod-Sm-Oslashmpw appartp-m-ep-sImradicwap-ordmvXspart Hcp iaw S-partn- p-nev ]spound AXX Imcy-ambn FSp-Oslashn-cp-partn-radic AXpwIiquesta-im-kvX-]-c-amb Nne hnj-b-szlig-fnnot tcp-]-d-trade-Xnssbquot]cn-em-bn-cp-partp ZAvhOslashv(-]-t_m-[-w)-cw-KOslashv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-sb-partXv tXr-tam-ltam A[n-Im-c-tam-ltam AradicAXv Hmtcm hyDaggerndegpw a-kvImcw tmordmp-t]mse niquest_-lsquo-amb Imcy-am-Wv AXv A[-n-Im-c-tam-l-am-sWpartv ]N-cn-prodn-degp-part-hge Ckvem-anssbquo _me-]m-Tw-t]mepw Adn-bmOslash ]Sp-hn-UvVn-bm-Wv

PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot De-am -bnnot Cubp-asymp-hge^Xvhmt_miquestUv saordm-dpw hmZ-]-Xn-hmZw ]Tn-degppart ]fin-X-summ-cpsS D]-tZ-i-Ik-an-Xn-bnse Hcp saordm-dpw-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-partp AOslashcw henb yumlm-szligƒ Hgn-hm-degn-sdegm-nemWvCu kwL-S--bn-tedegv hpart-Xv AXv BZiquesti-Oslashn-p-th-nen-bm-Wv Cu kwL-S--bnnot Cubp-asymp-hge Hcp yumlmhpwAe-para-cn-degp-partn-radic Ωp-sS epoundyw ZAvhOslashm-Wv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bm-pasymp aspermilmcp ImcWw Ah-cn-epasymp XJveoZv(-A-lsquo-amb Ap-I-c-Ww) atm- m-h-am-WvAnot_mn aZvl-_p-Imcpw apermilpasymp Nne aue-hn-amscXJveoZv sNoslashp-part-hcpw AXnnot nc-h-[n-bm-Wv ]tXy-InregvBZiquestiw a- n-em-degmsX Cu ASpOslash ImeOslashv AXn-tedegv hpartn- pasymp sNdp-prod-degm-cn-emWv Cu ]h-WX A[n-Ihpw Inep-h-cp-part-Xv Nne-cpsS XmSn-bpsS of-Oslashnpwapermilp Nne-cpsS ]kw-K-Oslashnse cmK-szligƒdegpw aqf-ep-IƒdegpwAan-X-amb ]m[myw notIn ]acutemordmn `mKOslashv PnreghyDaggern-sb-tprodmepw jmiquestP-bnse ssiJmbn sImnep--S-degp-partp

apPm-lnZv ]yumlmw apordmv ]t_m-[w sNbvXn-cppartandeg-hmdpw Imcy-szligƒdegv Cdegq- iquest FXn-cm-Wv Hcp ]yumlm--Oslashnnot Ahiquest sXpermilp sNoslashp-partn-sradic-paranepw AXnv hfw-sh-regp-sIm-Sp-degp-partXpw sXpermilp sNoslashp-part-Xnp Xpey-am-Wv Iiquesta-im-kvX-]-c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot apordmv Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw kppart-Oslashn-ssbquobpw ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot mw ]hiquestOslashn-regp-t]m-cppart]e Iiquesta-szlig-fnepw amkmyenw hyXym-k-szligƒ hcpOslashn]pXnb Iiquesta-im-kvX-szligƒ cq]-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partpPnpartp-tk-h-Iƒdegpw knlvdv _m[degpw Aan-X-amb]m[myw notIn P-szligsf Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-fnnot Xf-regn-Smge Xoh-iaw S-degp-partp tXrXzw n -lm-bcpw n w-K-cp-ambn tmdegn-nnotdegp-partp COslash-c-samcp Iqacutem-bva-bnnotFsyenmsdeg `uXnI s]men-a-Ifpw ]Xm-kp-Ifpw ]W-sdegm-gpprodpw Dsne-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Ap-K-lhpwimizX hnP-b-Oslashn-pasymp Aiquestl-Xbpw AhnsS Hcn-degepwe`n-degn-radic Aradicmlp cpoundn-deg-sacute

2010 Pqsse14

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse ]nfiquestprodnssbquo ]rsaquom-Oslash-e-Oslashnnot ]apJ ]fin-Xge A_vZp emwkpradic-ansb njvI-cpWw hnaiquestin-degp-part-h-tcmSv thZ-n-degppart a-t m-sSbpwKpW-Imw-pound-tbm-sSbpw Nne Imcy-szligƒ Ipdn-degp-I-bm-Wv

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]pkvX-I-szlig-fpsS t]cnepw teJ--szlig-fpsS t]cnepwBtcm-]-W-szligƒ Dpart-bn-deg-sprod- -h-sc tmdegp-I lpsskgeaS-hqiquest Fw Fw Zvhn sI sI apl-ΩZv kpradic-an Ip -traquo-cn sNdn-b-apnew laoZv aZ-n Chn-sS-sbmpartpw kemw-kp-radic-anbpsS t]cv hpartnradic ]pkvX-I-szligfpw Cradic

Anota-m-dnnot aiquestlqw sI ]nbpsS ImeOslashv tNmtZym-Oslashcw evImge Gev]n-deg-sprod- Xv kemw kpradic-an-sb-bm-bn-cppartp FpartXv F ]n hn`mKw Xspart kΩ-Xn-degp-partp

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Hcp lZokv KŸw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-b-tprodmƒ AXnse apgp-hge lZo-kp-Ifpw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-Ibpw hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bh Nqnen-degm-Wn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-I-b-radicmsXkzyenw ne-bnnot Atplusmnlw GXv lZo-kmWv Xasympn-deg-f-tradeXv

HmiquestdegpI Ch-sbmsdeg ]pd-Oslashn-d-szlign-bXv kwL-Sm]iv-Oslashnv apordmm-bn-cp-partp Aspartmpartpw kpradic-an-bpsStNmcdegv thnen Bcpw InX-bvdegp-partp-nem-bn-cp-partnradic

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kvXo apJw ad-bvdegWw Fpartv ]dtrade C_vp_mkns mw Fyenv hnfn-deg-Ww

kp_-lndegv JqqOslashv HmXp-partXnv mw hntcm-[-sampartpw ImWp-partn-radic Fspart-gp-Xnb sI Daiquest aue-hnsbmw Fszligs ImWWw

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i_oiquest FS-degpfwkpradic-ansbISn-regp-Io-dp-part-h-tcmSv

2010 Pqsse 15

h[w sNbvXpthm mb-bpsS Xe H-gn-hm-degn-bmnot _mdegnP sradicpartv ]d-tradeXv kemw-kp-radic-an-b-radictradicm Camw amen-degsradic Fpartnacutepw B ]fin-Xsc mw BZ-cn-degp-partp

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Iptraden-tdegmb amAtildeiquest sIm -prodpdw

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hmnotdegjvWw COslash-c-samcp kw`hw Hcp _lp-aXkaq-l-Oslashnnot ]N-cW hnj-b-am-hp-part-Xnse Au-Nn-Xy-hpw Nneiquestsdeg-paranepw CXp-nem-degppart thZ-bpw Adn-bm-traden- -radic Akokv aue-hnsb Aym-b-ambn ISn-regp-Io-dn-b--tprodmƒ auw ]men-reg-Xnv hnNn-yen--apƒsprod-sS-bpasymp ]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot aue-hn-sdeg-Xnsc Cu iniquestdegm-tcm-]WwXpSiquestpart-tprodmƒ AXnv XW-te-In-b-Xn-v auehn acn-regn- p-t]mepw DpartX tXm-degƒ tXrXzw evIppart ]asympn-I-fn-se anordm-dp-I-fnnot hsc Cu ]N-cWw XpSiquestpart-Xn-v aue-hn--bpsS _lsquop-deg-fpsS IAEligocpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw Inen-sradic-partv Sn-reg-Xnv nszligƒsdegyenv hni-Zo-IcWw evIm-m-hpw AtXm-sSmprodw Cnsb-paranepw B Zpjv]-hr-OslashndegvHcp XncpOslashv nszlig-fnnot ]Xo-poundn-degmtam

2010 Pqsse16

Hcp IpfOslashnnot Ipsd XhfIƒ Ipfnregp sImnencndegp-partp IpfOslashnv Imhembn Icbnnot Hcp Babpw Ccn-degp-partp AXp hgn hpart Hcp ]mhw Xhfsdegmcp tamlw Ip-f-Oslashnsempartp Ipfnregmseyenm AXv tsc BabpsS A-SpOslashv t]mbn hyXtbmsS Imcyw AhXcnprodnregp ]permilnradicBa Ipdregv ImiquestdegiytOslashmsSbmWXv ]dtradeXv AtprodmƒA-hscmsdeg IpfndegpparttXm IpfOslashnnot NmSndegfndegppartXhfIsf Nqnen B Xhf tNmZnregp Ahscmpartpw F-tpartmSv ApaXn tNmZnregn nradicFpartmbncppartp BabpsS a-dp]Sn GXmnev Cu Babp-sS tdmfnemWv npartn-prodp-]m-f-bOslashnse tXrXzw kwLS-m-]ctam BZiquesti]ctam B-b Imcyszligsf Ipdnregv apermilpasymp-hiquest-sdegXncnnot hradic-Btcm-]Wszligtfm ]kvXmh-I-tfm SOslashptordmmƒ Chiquestdegvqdp mhmWv Fpartmnot A-tX Imcyszligƒdegv hncpleam-bh kz-yenw ]finXgeamcpwtXmdegfpw XpSiquestpartv hcppart-Xv Nq-nendegmWnregmnot Ah-scm-partpw XszligfpsS ApaXnhm-szlign-bnacutenradic Fpart adp]Sn-bpw Fpartnacutepw sacuteradicv ImWn-degm ---Oslash-sXtyen Fpart kwi-bOslashnmhs HmsesdegmnevRΩdegv s]cvOslashv ImcynevHmse s]Wdegym RΩdegvAbnsdegmƒ s]cvOslashv tZm-jq-nev FpartmWpOslashcw etam BZiquesti b ne]mSp-I-fnnot Hcp kmordmmiquest appartWnbmbn F ]n apPm-ln-ZpIƒ A-[]XndegpIbpw sNbvXp AregSdegcmlnXy-sOslash-bpw BibkwLacuteszligsfbpw hngpprodedegepIsfbpw tNcntprodmcns-bpw ]Wsdegmgpprodnssbquo ]pIaddegpffnnot Hfn-prodndegmge F-degmeOslashpamhnsradicpart XncnregdnhnemWv `npartn-prodpImiquest C-tprodmƒ

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2010 Pqsse16

2010 Pqsse 17

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2010 Pqsse 17

2010 Pqsse18

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2010 Pqsse 19

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hnK-l-szligsf Bcm-[n-degnot amX-aradic iniquestdegv Fpartmnot]Xm-]-im-en-bmb nssbquo cpoundn-Xm-hnssbquo IqsS Ahge Hgn-sI-bp-asymp-Xns o sXc-strade-Sp-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (^p-Xq-lpnot ssKz_v aJme 7)

iniquestdegv sNoslashpI Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegvBcm-[--biquestprodn-degemWv bYmiquestY-Oslashnnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hge Bcm-[n-deg-sprod-Smge ]permilp-I-bn-radic (X vkodpnot I_oiquesthC-ZvJme epJvamge Fpart Bb-Oslashnssbquo hni-Zo-I-c-Ww)

temI apkvenw-Iƒ AwKo-I-cn-degppart KŸ-szlig-fnse C_m-d-Oslashp-I-fmWv apI-fnnot Dle-cn-reg-Xv Fpartmnot Xszligƒ sNoslashppart iniquestdegn-s- -iniquestdeg-sradicpartv ]dtradev ymbo-I-cn-degppartka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopound-W-szligƒ IqSn ImWp-I

Hcp hyDaggern Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degp-tordmmƒ amXtainiquestdegv hcp-partp-asympq Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv kzbw Ign-hp-snepartv hniz-kn-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (sIm- -prodpdw kwhmZw166 H Fw Xcp-h-W)

Bcm-[--degiquestl-mbn Aradicm-lpsh-tprodmse apermilp ]eXpwDsne-partpasymp hnizm-kw CXn-mWv iniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sp-partXv (Ciquestim-Zpnot C_m-Zv- -a-e-bmf ]cn- mj t]Pv 29 FwFw Cordmn-regn-tdegmb apkveymiquest)

tmdegp-I ka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopoundWOslashnnot HcphyDaggern acn-regmepw Csradic-paranepw Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-knregv

F A_vZpnotAkokv aZn

iniquestdegvBtcm-]-Wtam bmYmiquestYytam

Atplusmn-l-tOslashmSv ]miquestYn-regmte iniquestdegv hcn-I-bp-asympq A]-Imcw Xspart kzbw Ignhv B hnfn-deg-sprod-Sppart BƒdegvDsnepartv hniz-kn-regmte iniquestdegm-hp-I-bp-asympq FX hnNn-X-amb Hcp hopound-W-am-WnXv Jpiquest-Bpw ap - n-dp-Ifpw]hm-N-Ige(k)-bpsS lZo-kp-Ifpw Cu hmZsOslash Jfin-degp-partp o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa nszligƒ hnfnregv]m-iquest-Yn-degppart nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Isfprodpermiln nszligƒ Nnyennregvtmdegp-I Cu qan-bnnot Fyenm-W-hiquest krjvSn-regn- p-asymp-sXpartvnszligƒ Fndegv ImWn-regp-X-cn-I AX-radic BIm-i-szlig-fnnotAhiquestdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem AX-radic mw Ahiquestdegv hradic-K-Ÿhpw notIn-bn v AXnnot npartpasymp sXfn-h-p-k-cn-regmtWmAhiquest ne-sIm-asympp-partXv Fpartmnot AI-a-Im-cn-IƒAtymyw hmKvZmw sNoslashp-partXv hcopy--am-X-am-Ip-partp(^m-Xzniquest 40)

Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

Pemnot atcopycn

icn-bm-Wv Ckz-vemlv amkn-I-bnnotFgp-Xp-partXv ImWpI ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pn-partp-I-sfbpw apermilm-scbpw hnfn-regp-tX-Smge ]mSn-sradicpartpw ]miquestY--degp-Oslashcw evImge A-hiquest-degv Ign-bn-sradicpartpw Jpiquest-Bge sΩ ]Tn-prodn-degppartp (C-kz-vemlv amkn-I 2006 Unwk-_iquest adtradeamiquestKhpw kpradic-an-bpsS hnh-c-tdeg-Spw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemln t]Pv 6) ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhn-fnregp tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Cu tUmIvSiquest ChnsSFgp-Xp-partp Cu hnUvVnOslashw i_m-_nnot ]nSn-Iq-Sn-b-tprodmƒPnpartpw knlvdpw aS-hq-cn-I-fpsS Zpjv]-Nm-c-Whpw Fpartt]-cnnot Ctplusmnlw Xspart ]kn-leo-I-cnreg ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot-hn-fnregp tXSmge ]mSn-sradic-partpw ]dtrade mKw shacuten-am-permiln-bmWvF-gp-Xp-part-Xv

AXnssbquo ]qiquestW-cq]w ImWpI apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ Fhn-sS-bmWv Pnpartns hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-tradeXv Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw ]d-trade-Xmbn Cu Iasymp-hm-Zn-Iƒdegv sXfn-bn-degmge km[n-degptam adnregv Aradicm-lp-h-radicmOslash bmsXm-partn-tmSpw AXv Pnpartm-I-sacute hen-oslashm-Isacute ae-degm-Isacute hnfnregv]miquestYn-degp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSpasympq FpartmWv apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaq-lsOslash ]-Tnprodnregp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv aS-hq-cn-I-tf BSns ]acuten-bm-degppart nszlig-fpsS Cu hrOslashn-sIacute Xyenw hn kn Ipacuten-I-fp-sS ASpOslashp aXn apPm-ln-Zp-IƒdegnS-bnnot AXv sNe-hm-Inradic (Pnpartpw knlvdpw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemlnt]Pv 23) ]acutensb BSm-degp-hmge thnen ae-degp-IsfbpwPn-partp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Ckz-vem-lnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv Aacuten-a-dnregv Ah-X-cn-prodn-degp-I-bmWv tUm-IvSiquest Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot sNoslashp-part-Xv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degnot iniquestdegm-sWpartpw Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvamXta ]miquestYn-degp-hmge ]mSp-asympp-shpartpw kppartn-I-fnnot s]acutehen-sbmcp hn`mKw apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp-nev

CXp ]d-bp-hmge apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS ]asympn-Ifpw yumlm]--szligfpw kzOslashpw ssIh-i-sprod-SpOslashn ke^n thjw [cnregvS-degppart h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsS Bh-iy-an-radic ac-W-sprod--h-sc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip-vdp-am-Wv CXp-t]mse Xspart ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sf-

bpw hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip vdp-am-Wv CXp Xspart-bm-bn-cppartp apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHpartmw XnbXn sXmacutepasymp apJy ]t_m-[ hnj-bw ]asympn-bpw yumlm]--szligfpw Ahiquest niquestan-regXv CXv ]d-bp-hm-m-Wv ae-degp-I-fpsSbpw Pnpartp-I-fpsSbpw Ign-hnpartv Aprodp-d-apasympXv tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-iquest ]d-bp-partp ae-degnssbquobpw Pnpartp-I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hnssbquo]cn-[n-Iƒ nrsaquo-bn-degp-hmge apdegv km[y-a-sradicpartpw ChiquestXspart ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Ch-cpsS Cu ASnyumlm XXz-]-

Im-chpw ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp iniquestdegn-sbpwIp vdn-sbpw ]nSn-IqSn Xulo-Zm-degp-hmgeian-degp-part-hiquestdegv Hcp-Xcw AlsquoX _m[n-regn-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Chiquest FyenmWv ]d-bp-Ibpw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNoslashp-part-sXpartvChiquestdegpXspart Adn-bp-partn-radic

CkvXn-Km-kbpwaX-]-fin-X-summcpw

]qiquesthn-I-cmb andeg aX-]-fin-X-summcpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregv klmbwtXSn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv ka-kvX-bnse

apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp kXym-hkvY hnh-cn-degmtam

A_vZpnotI-cow sImregn

hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

d_o-Dnot Ahnot amk-Oslashnnot DZn-prodn-reg-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege Xspart-bp-a-radic kiquesth-tem-I-szligfpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnpapordmmbn Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]Imiw (qiquest) Dnem-degp-Ibpw]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv ma-I-cWwsNbvX-h-p-am-b-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege CXm-Wn-XnssbquoAiquestYw ]spound hniple Jpiquest-B-n-s XInSw adn-degm-pasymp ia-Oslashnssbquo mK-ambpasymp Hcp Ap-I-c-W-am-Wn-hnsSImWp-part-Xv Jpiquest-B-nse kqd-Oslashpnot Ckvdm-Cse Hpartm-asOslash BbOslashpw ageIqkv auen-Znssbquo BZysOslash Cuhmdegp-Ifpw a- n-cpOslashn Hpartv hmbnregp tmdegq XnIregpwJpiquest-B-n-tmSv InS-]n-Sn-degm-pasymp KqV iaw AXnnot Hfn-tradep-In-S-degp-part-Xmbn t_m-[y-sprod-Spw AsX Jpiquest-Bge hN--szligsftprodmse sIacuten-degq-acuten-bp-nemdegn _n(-k)-bpsSaZvlmWv ]d-bp-part-sXpartv hymtP CkvemansOslashspart Ifn-bm-degp-I-bm-Wn-hiquest Aszlig-s-bm-W-hiquest t]Sn-kz]vszligfpwDddegw sISp-Oslashn-I-fp-am-b-Xv kiquesth-tem-Iszlig-sfbpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnp apordmv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-bpsS Hfnhv (qiquest)krjvSn-regp-nem-degn-sbpartpw ]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hmWv ma-I-cWw sNbvX-sX-partp-amWvaueq-Zp-Im-cge Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)bpsSPw Dnem-b-tprodm-tgdegpw ]nXm-hmb A_vZpradic ac-W-sprod-acuten-cp-partp-shpartpw Aszligs Ipacutendegv apl-ΩZv Fpartv t]cp-hn-fn-regXv ]nXm-a-l-mb A_vZpnot apOslash-en-_m-sWpartpamWvNcnXkXyw Cu aueqZv A]qiquestW-a-sradic-parante Acurrenp-X-ap-asympq Asradic-paranepw cN-bn-Xmhv Bsc-part-dn-bmOslash Ipprod-IƒIb-permilnb Iprod-e-sradic apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mbnntbm-Knreg tijw Ah-X-cn-prodn-reg Jpiquest-B-nnot BZysOslashap-jy-kr-jvSn-bmbn BZ-an-s-bmWv ]cn-N-b-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-part-Xv Fpartmnot aueo-Znnot apl-ΩZv _n-bpsS ]Im-ihpwCOslashcw A_-le-szlig-ƒ ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hmge Imordm-bn-p-I-fp-nem-degp-parthiquest kppartOslashpPam-AOslashv CsXmpartpw icn-b-sradicpartp]d-bp-part-hiquest Zonssbquo ]pdOslashv Fsyenmcp sXmen-degacuten

apeqZv XpScmw h AJvd-Plp ^o BJn-cn- -amnIam Jplusmnd h A_vZm AiquestYw Atplusmn-lsOslash AradicmlpCu Ah-km--Im-e-L- -Oslashnnot AhgeI-degmdegn nrsaquonreg]Imcw ChnsS sImnep-h-partp IqSm-sX h Anot_-klpJnnotAOslashnot Pam-en-radicXo ew bpnot_nkvlm Al-ZmAsX Atplusmn-lsOslash Ahge Ae-param-c-Oslashnssbquo hkvX-szlig-fnnot npartpw apermilm-scbpw [cn-prodn-regn- n-radicm-OslashXv [cn-prodn-degp-IbpwsNbvXp tmdegpI kXy-hp-ambn CXnpartv hradic _lsquo-hp-aptnem Aradicmlp ap-jy-cnnot Gpermil-hp-a-[nIw wKn evIn-bXv bqkp v(A) _n-degm-Wv Fpartmnot ChnsS ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n-bm-sWpartpw Icp-Xn-degqacuten pW-Iƒniquestan-regp-nemdegn Ah-X-cn-prodn-regXv ]mSn S-degm-pasymp Ch-cpsS Niquesta Lw A]mcw Xspart

hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

samgnregp ]d-bpI B hmN-I-hpw AXn-XmWv euemdegeuemdeg eam Je-IvOslashpnot A vemdegv AiquestYw ]hm-N-I-tc Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Cu ]]-copy-sOslash-Oslashspart krjvSndegp-am-bn-cp-partn-sradic-partv Aradicmlp _n(-k)tbmSv ]]copy aJn-ehpwkrjvSnregXnssbquo nanOslashw ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n Dnem-b-Xp-sIm-nem-sW-partv CXnepw hen-sbmcp pWbpw Bpermilw-t_mw-_p-aptnem _n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXm AtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregp tmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmw Bkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-IpartvIgn-trade-Xp-an-radic Fpartnacutepw aZvlpIƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bppart NpW-degp- -summiquest COslashcw euemdeg euemdeg Dd-sdeg-bp-dsdeg]mSn-prod-d-bp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp hmdegp-Iƒ sImnev AΩm--am-Sppart hlm-_n-I-fpsS t]Sn-kz-]v-szligƒ hnfn-regp-Iq-hppartCu euemdegbpsS nP-yumlnXnsbsyenpartv Ahiquest Kun-degp-partn-radic auenZv XS-cppartp ^ hpenZ _n hPvlnnotAJvPe Ja-dmge h^iquest JZm Aem lph-radicZo Xh- e_nln-B-Zw h vX-Jd _n Iunlo Jmen-Zge hkvX-Kmk _nlo qlpge ^Pm annot dZm hIm-^okzpnot_n C_vdmlow Asseln emw lo Dnotdegnb^npartm-cn BZ hkmd elv_p^m apJva-Zm AsXAszligs Atplusmnlw ]qiquestW Nmicro-sbpw [ph-]-tZ-iOslashvDbiquestpartp nevdegppart pound-X-sOslashbpw mWn-prodn-degppart apJ-hp-ambn ChnsS ]nd-partp Adn-bp-I Atplusmn-lsOslashsdegmnevBZw Xh- pnot sNoslashp-Ibpw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]nXm-hm-ImgeIgn-trade-Xnnot A`n-amw sImasympp-Ibpw sNbvXp IqSmsXqlv(-A) Atplusmn-l-sOslash-sdegmnev CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashn-b-Xn-m-emWv alm hn]-Oslashnnot npartv (]-f-b-Oslashnnot npartv) cpound-sprod- -Xv Xspart-bp-a-radic Atplusmnlw C_vdmlow(A)-bpsS apXp-Innot Dnem-bn-cp-part-Xn-m-emWv AmiddotnIpfimcw XWpOslashvsI -Sszlign cpound-sprod- -Xv lm Fyenm-Wn-hiquest ]d-bp-part-sXpartvAh-c-dn-bp-partn-radic tNmdpw ssIa-Sdegpw In n-bmnot GXv hymP-hm-tdm-e-Ifpw Cu XmPpnot De-am-degƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bpw

(Xp-S-cpw)

AXpw CXp-amhmwIiquesta-imkvX ]c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot AgsIm-g-ordmge

bw BZiquesti-am-degnb ]yumlm--amWv Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an Ckvem-anssbquo t]cp-]-d-tradep-sIm-nepasymp Pam-A-OslashnssbquoCOslashcw hnI-e-hm-Z-szligsf Ckvemlo ]yumlmw Fdegm-eOslashpw FXniquestOslashpt]m-partn- p-nev Fpartmnot Cu ]hiquestOslash--szlig-fpsS t]cnnot Pam-A-Oslashp-Imiquestt]mepw Xszlig-fpsS Hpartmwordmiquest iXp-hmbn hnti-jn-prodnreg sF Fkv FΩn-p-tscCS-degm-eOslashv Nne Cd-degp-aXn agel-Pp-Imiquest GXmpwBtcm-]-W-szlig-fp-part-bn-regp sF Fkv FΩnssbquo BZiquesti-t]m-cmacutew Xszlig-fpsS Hfn-b-P-nedegv hnLm-X-am-Ip-sapart BiparaImc-Ww sF Fkv FΩns mam-h-ti-j-am-degp-I-bm-bn-cppartp Cu agel-Pp-Im-cpsS Btcm-]-W-szligƒdegv t]c-W-bm-b-Xv AXn-mbn Dpart-bnreg Btcm-]-W-szlig-fpsS Iq -OslashnnotGpermilhpw ][m--sprod- Xpw IuXp-I-I-c-hp-amb Hcp Btcm-]-W-am-bn-cppartp sF Fkv Fw CJvhmn-k-Oslashnssbquo ]nSn-b-a-e-aiquestpartp Fpart-Xv

Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an-bpsS aspermilmcp ]Xn-prodmbn sF

Poh-Im-cpWy ]hiquestOslash--szlig-fpsS Ckvem-anI ]m[myw Dƒsdegm-asympp-Ibpw ]Tn-prodn-degp-Ibpw ]mhiquest Oslashn-I-am-degp-Ibpw sNbvX ]yumlm--amWv tIcf Zvh OslashpnotapPm-ln-Zoge apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnv Poh-Im-cp-Wy-]-hiquestOslash--an-radicmOslash Hcp Ime-L- hpw Dnem-bn- n-radic

(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

Bi-b-szligƒsdeg-Xnsc IS-partm-I-a-W-ap-nem-bmnotAXnssbquo t]cnnot nbaw Ioslashn-se-Sp-degp-partXpw Bbp-[-sa-Sp-degp-partXpw Ckvem-anssbquo b-a-radic Bi-bsOslash Bi-bw-X-sImnev Xspart-bmWv ]Xn-tcm-[n-tdeg-ne-Xv

(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

Pm-[n-]-Xy-Oslashn-eq-sS-b-radic tXmdegnge Ipg-en-eq-sS-bmWv hnπhw htc-ne-sXpart b-apasymp kn ]n FΩnvPam-A-Oslashnssbquo Pm-[n-]Xy hncp-leX ]d-bmge Fyeniquestl-X-bm-Wp-asympXv ]mte-cn-bnepw IAEligq-cnepw kao-]-Im-eOslashv]miquestacuten S-Oslashnb nb-a-ew-Lw t]mse GsX-paran-ep-sampartv Pam-A-Oslashn-s-degp-dnregv ]d-bmge Ign-bptam

(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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(]n-W-tszligmSv A_q-_-degiquestkppartn A vImiquest hmcn-I 2010 G]nnot 7)

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kv]c hncp-le-am-Ippart Ap- hw Pam-AOslashv ]miquest n-bpsS Pn-XI LS--bpsS

`mK-ambn amdp-I-bm-Wv

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 3

Anot Ckzvemlv honepw

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2010 Pqsse4

(]Xn-aqpartv hiquestj-szligƒdegv apge]v aln--fm-N-micronI ]nd-partmƒ]Xn-prodnnot ka-kvX-bpsS ]fin-X-mb sskXp apl-ΩZvnkman Fgp-Xnb Cu teJw bmYm-yumln-XnI˛-h-bm-Ym-yumln-XnI Iqacutep-ap-part-Wn-bpsS Alsquo-hn-izmk hym]--Oslashnssbquo ]pXnb ]rsaquom-Oslash-e-Oslashnnot Hpartp-IqSn hmbn-degp-I)

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Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szligƒdegpw COslashcw Nqj-W-szligƒdegp-sa-Xn-cnnot kvXoIsf t_m[-hm-summ-cm-degppart amXr-kw-K-a-szligfpwcentmkp-Ifpw hnZym-`ymk ]N-c-Whpw apd-bvdegv S-tOslash-neXv An-hm-cy-ambn Xoiquestpartn-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

2010 Pqsse 5

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kn ]n Daiquest kpradican

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B ApKloX cmXnbmWv bpDaggern]qiquestWamb HmtcmImcyszligfpw thiquestXncndegsprodSppartXv FpartmWv hniple Jp-iquestBge 4434 hNszligfnnot hniZoIcnregn pasympXv CXntmSvtbmPndegppart hntijWw XspartbmWv hniple JpiquestBge97- mw A[ymbw Hpartp apXnot Acopyv hsc ]Xn]Znregn pasympXv

ApKloX cmXnbmWv maXvCddegnbsXpartv ]dtrade AtX JpiquestBs]permilnOslashspart AXv sseeOslashpnot JZvdnnotAYhm alXztadnb cmXnbmWv Fpartv

]dtraden- p-asympXv(kqdOslashpnot JZviquest) daZmgeamkOslashnemWv ]cniple JpiquestBge CddegnbsXpartv JpiquestBge Xspart (2185)hyDaggeram-degn-bXpamWv AXpsImnev sseeOslashpnotJZvdmWv B A-pKloXcmXnsbpartpw

AXv daZmnemsWpartpw a- nemdegmhppartXmWv

2010 Pqsse6

AXpsImnepw Cu cnep cmXnbpw sseeOslashpnot JZviquest XspartbmWv FpartmWv kqNnprodndegppartXv

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AcopymaXv B cmXnbpsS alXzw sImnemWv AXvApKloX cmXnsbpartpw alXztadnb cmXnsbpartpwhntijnprodndegsprodSppartXv AXv daZmnemsWpartv yumln-c-sprodSpIbpw sNbvXnacutepnev Camw dmkn CsXradicmw hyDagger-am-degnbXnv tijw AXv iA_mge ]XncopymsWpartXns]permiln C]ImcamWv ]dbppartXv AXnv Ahew_n-degm-hppart bmsXmcp sXfnhpw Rmge Inenacutenradic B hmZdegmiquestNnebmfpIfnnot npartpasymp DlecWnsImnev Xr]vXnb-S-bpIbmWv sNbvXnacutepffXv Cu hnjbOslashnnot _n(k)-bn-not npartv hradicXpw kzlolmbn hpartnacutepsneparannot ]nspartapdegXns ]permiln kwkmcanradic AXnradicsbparannot BZysOslashA n]mbw XspartbmWv kXyw(X vkodp dmkn hmfyw27t]Pv 237238)

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C_vp Jplusmnm v sskZv_vp Akveannot npartv dntprodmiquest-v sNoslashppartp Atplusmnlw ]dtradep ΩpsS KpcpmYgeamtcm

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Cu cmXnbnse ]tXyI akvImcsOslash ]permiln ]d-tradetradicm km[mcW cXnbpff XldividepZv akvIcw i-Av_mge ]Xncopynpw akvIcndegmhppartXmWv FpartmnotCu ]dtradesXradicmw Apartv ]tXyIw akvIcndegppartXns]permilnbmWv Aszligns dP_v amkOslashnepw Hcp ]tXyIakvImcw akvIcndegmdpnev Fpartmnot Cu akvImcwDnembXns ]permiln ssiJv Camw inlm_pplusmnoge A_qima]dbppartXn]Imcw BZyImeOslashv Cszligns HcpakvImcw Dnembncppartnradic lnPvd 448not ss_OslashpnotapJplusmnknnot m_notknnot npartpw Hcmƒ hcnIbpnembnC-_vp A_nnot lwdmAv FpartmWtplusmnlw Adnb-sprod-acutencppartXv Atplusmnlw sradicmcp HmOslashpImcmbncppartp i-Av_mge ]Xncopynssbquo cmhnnot akvPnZpnot AJvkbnnot Atplusmnlw npartv akvIcndegmge XpSszlign AtplusmnlOslashnssbquo ]npartn-not cnev aqpartmfpIƒ thsdbpw npartp Aszligns Ah-kmnregtprodmtgdegv AsXmcp henb Bƒdegqacuteambn BakvImcw ]npartoSszligns ]Ncnregp Fpartmnot dP_nseakvImcw 480not amXamWpnembXv AXnssbquo apge]vmanszligns Hpartv ImWpItbm tIƒdegpItbm sNbvXn-acutenradic(Anot_Akv t]Pv26 27)

Cu akvImcOslashnv Anot^nb AYhm BbncOslashn-te-degv tNiquestdegsprodacuteXv FpartmWv t]cv ]dbmdpffXv qdpdIAOslashv akvImcamWnXv qdp dIAOslashnepw ^m-Oslashnlbpw ]Oslashv hoXw kqdOslashpnot CJvemkpw HmXppartpA-szligns kqdOslashpnot CJvemkv Bbncw BhppartXvsImnemhmw CXnv Anot^noslash Fpart t]cv CXnv hpartXv

iA_mge ]Xncopynpff tmordmv ]tXyIambn HcplZoYnepw hpartnacutenradic Fpartmnot akvImchpambn Iqacuten tN-iquestOslashv hpart lZoYv hymPhpamWv Fradicm amkhpw 13 14 15Znhkszligfnnot tmordmv kppartOslashmWv AXp t]mseiA_mge 15pw tmnotdegpIbmsWparannot AXv ]pWyIiquest-aa-mhpw Fpartmnot Aspartmcp ]tXyI tmordmpnev Fpartvshregmnot AXv tIhew AmNmcw amXamWv

NpcpdegOslashnnot hniple ]amWszligfpsS ASnyumlm-Oslashn-not PohnXw IasprodSpOslashmpw imizXamb ]mcXnIhn-Pbw hcndegmpw a nepdreghiquest ]pWysapartv IcpXnsNoslashppart ImcyszligfpsSbpw km[pXbpw Atzjnregdn-tb-neXpnev radicsXpartv IcpXn Ipsd Apbdquomszligƒ niquest∆-ln-regv HSphnnot bdquodegmcpsS IqacuteOslashnnot s] v t]mhmXncn-degm-pasymp PmKX hnizmknbpsS apJapZbmhWw Aradicm-lp ApKlndegsacute

iA_mge ]-Xn-copynssbquocmXn Hcp sImradicsOslash _m[yXbnnot npartpw A-radicm-lp HgnhmIpIbmsWpart hnIekparanotprodamWvCXn-s _dmAOslashv Fpartv t]cvhnfndegmge bmYmyumlnXnIiquestdegvt]cIambXv

2010 Pqsse 7

F A_vZp- emw kpradican

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-IcpwlZokv ntj-[hpw

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s]cp-partm-ƒ Znhkw P-szligsf ag _m[n-regp Atprodmƒ ]hm-N-Ige Ah-sc-bp-ambn s]cp-partmƒ akvImcw ]asympn-bnnotshregv a-kvI-cnregp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv Xniquestan-Zn) h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Ggmw centmkn-tedegv Xoslashm-dm-degnb Ckvem-anI Iiquesta-]m-Tszligƒ (-cnemw mKw) Fpart ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot Cu lZokvkzlo-lm-sWpartv Fgp-Xp-partp s]cp-partmƒ a-kvImcwssaXm-Oslashp shregmWv niquest∆n-tdeg-ne-Xv ag aqe-ap-nembAku-Icyw ImcWw Hcp ]mhiyw _n(-k) s]cp-partmƒa-kvImcw ]asympn-bnnot shregv niquesth-ln-regn- pnev (C-kvem-anI Iiquesta-]m-T-szligƒ cnemw `mKw ]mTw ˛6 s]cp-partmƒa-kvImcw t]Pv 31 tIcf Zvh-Oslashpnot apPm-lo-Zoge hnZym-`ymk hn`mKw ]kn-leo-I-cWw apPm-lnZv sksbquoiquest)

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Atprodmƒ Aradicma kzgeBnbpw h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-IcpsShopoundW-]-Imcw lZokv ntj[nbm-Ip-partp

hnjbw 2A_q-lp-dbvd(d) nth-Zw _n(-k) Acp-fn hradic-h

pw da-fm-nnot Hcp Znhkw bmsXmcp Cfhpw tcmKhpwCradicmsX tmordmv apdn-regmnot Hcp amkw apgphge Ahgetmordm-p-jvTn-regmepw AXnv ]I-c-am-hp-I-bn-radic (_p-Jm-cn-bpsS A-A-veo-Jv C_vp Jp-ssk-a Xniquestan-Zn C_vp-am-P A_q-Zm-hq-Zv Alva-Zv Zmcn-an) da-Zmge amk-tOslashmSvASpOslash amk-Oslashnepw da-Zm-nepw ]kn-leo-I-cnreg andegAnot-a-m-dnepw Cu lZokv Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXpImWmw DZm Anot-a-miquest amkn-I 1985 Pq apJ-]-kwKw˛ t]Pv 3) C_vp Jpssk-a(-d) A_q-Zm-hq-Zv Alva-ZvZmcnan apX-em-b-hiquest Cu lZo-kns yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partpanivIm-Oslashnssbquo id-lnepw lZo-kns ]fin-tXm-NnXwyumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) Xssbquo Pman-Dnot kzKo-dnepw Cu lZo-kv Dle-cn-degppartp (lZokv 8492) tijwlZo-kns yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Fpartmnot tUm sI sIkI-cnoslashm kzemln Cu lZo-kns Zpiquest_-e-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp(Anot--a-miquest amknI 2004 Unkw_iquest) Ctplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo niquesth-N ]Imcw Xspart Ctplusmnlw lZokv ntj-[n-bm-Ip-partp

Anot-_mnbpw lZo-kns Zpiqueste-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Atplusmn-lhpwCh-cpsS am-Z-fi-Oslashnnot lZokv ntj[n Xspart

hnjbw 3alm-dn_v(d) nthZw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge ]d-bp

partp hnhm-l-tam-N--sOslash-degmƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv Gpermilhpw tIm]-I-c-amb aspermilmpartn-sbpw Ahge Ap-h-Zn-regn- nradic (-A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartv tUm sI sIkI-cnoslash Xspart AwKo-I-cn-degp-partp Fparanepw Ctplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo_plendegv Bibw tbmPn-degm-Oslash-Xn-mnot lZo-kns Zpiquest_-e-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp (Anot--a-miquest amknI 2005 s^_p-hcnt]Pv 10)

ΩpsS ]gb Anota-m-dnssbquo [mcmfw edeg-szlig-fnnot CulZo-kns kzlo-lm-degp-partp C_vp ssXan-oslash (d)-C-Xnssbquo]c-ordm-cbpw Bi-bhpw kzlo-lm-sWpartv ]d-bp-partp Camwlmdegnapw Camw Zl-_n(-d)bpw lZo-kns kzlo-lm-degp-partp anivIm-Oslashnssbquo hymJym--KŸ-amb aniquestJm-Xnnot lZo-knssbquo Bi-bhpw ]c-ordm-cbpw kzlo-lm-Wpartv yumlm]n-degppartp sI sI kI-cnoslash lZo-kns Zpiquest_-e-am-Ip-hmgeDpart-bn-degppart Zpiquesthym-Jym--szligƒdegv C_vpOslashoan oslash(d) adp-]Sn FgpXp-partp (aPvaqAv ^Xmhm 38- 21) CXp-t]mseaniquestJm-Oslashnepw adp-]Sn ]d-bp-partp (aniquestJmOslashv 3˛475)

A_q lna

Pnpartv knlvdv ]pXnb Xocp-amwaqdegp-I-b-dn- -Xm-sc

F ]n hn`mKw kwL-S--bpsS ]mtZ-inI LS-I-szlig-fpsS skI- -dn-amiquestdegv Hcp kiquestdegp-eiquest e`n-degp-I-bp-nem-bn tImgn-tdegmSv Bn-lmƒ tdmUnepw kn Un Sh-dnepwAWn-n-c-partn-cn-degppart Acopyv alm-summ-cmb tXm-degƒHprodn- -Xm-Wv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprodacute Cu kiquestdegp-eiquest sI FgeFΩnssbquo t]cnepw sI sP bphnssbquo t]cnepw hyXykvXepermiliquest]m-Up-I-fn-embn e`nreg ]kvXpX kiquestdegp-e-dnse hcn-Iƒ C]-Imcw

sI Fge Fw Pnradicm afi-ew imJ skI-acute-dn-amiquestdegv

amy-tc A -emap Assedegpw

aX-]-t_m-[ cwKOslashv Pnpartv ]nim-Nv hnjbwhiquestj-szlig-fmbn Niquestreg sNoslash-sprod-Sp-Ibpw AXv P-szligƒdegn-S-bnnot ]tXy-Inregv s]mXpP-szligƒdegn-S-bnnot Bi-b--degp-g-prod-ap-nem-degp-Ibpw sNoslashppart kml-N-cy-Oslashnnot PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot Dea ]kvXpX hnjbw Niquestreg-sdeg-Sp-degp-I-bm-bn-cp-partp 10-˛04-˛2007 apXnot B ]Inb Bcw-`n-regn-acutep-nevPwC-oslash-Oslashpnot Dea ]Xn-n-[n-Iƒ (Pw-C-oslash-Oslashpnot Dea]kn-Usbquo v skI-acute-dn tIcf Zvh-Oslashpnot apPm-ln-Zoge]kn-Usbquo v P-dnot skI-acute-dn ^Xvhm t_miquestUvsNbiquestamge) ]t_m-[ cwKOslashv tIc-f-Oslashn-sem-acutemsInd-tradep-n-evdegppart hyDaggern-Xz-szligsf hnfnregv Niquestreg S-

Oslashp-Ibpw Ah-cnnot npartv ]_-lsquo-szligƒ tiJ-cn-degp-IbpwAXv ]T--hn-t[-b-am-degnb tijw _lsquo-sprod-acute-h-cp-ambnhonepw Niquestreg S-Oslashp-Ibpw CXv ]t_m-[ cwKOslashvhnj-b-am-deg-cp-sXpartv Xocp-am-n-degp-Ibpw ]kvXpX Xocp-amw 29-˛06-˛2010 not tNiquestpart PwCoslash-Oslashpnot DeamniquesthmlI kan-Xnbpw ]_lsquo IiquestOslashm-degfpw GI-I-WvT-ambn AwKo-I-cn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXp ]kvXpX Xocp-am--Oslashnssbquo hni-Z-amb tImprodn-bmWv CtXm-sSm-prod-ap-asymp-Xv Cu Xocp-amw S-prodnnot hcp-Oslashm-pasymp DOslash-c-hm-ZnOslashw sI Fge FΩnmsWpartv tIcf PwC-oslash-OslashpnotDea Xocp-am-n-reg-Xp-am-Wv

Bb-Xp-sImnev Xmpara-fpsS ]cn-[nbnepasymp ]-t_m-[-I-scbpw aX-hn-Zym-e-b-szlig-fnse A[ym-]-I-scbpwCdegmcyw Adn-bn-degp-Ibpw BbXv S-prodnnot hpartp-shpartvDdprodv hcp-Oslashp-Ibpw sNoslashp-I

Aradicmlp Ap-K-ln-degsacute

F ]n A_vZpnot JmZniquest aue-hnP-dnot skI-acute-dn sI Fge Fw

sI sP bp-hnssbquo Xocp-amw hni-Zo-I-cn-degppartkiquestdegp-eiquest C]-Im-cw

CMYK

CMYK

agekq-den sNΩmSv

2010 Pqsse8

Pnpartv ]nimNv hnj-b-Oslashnnot tIcf PwC-oslash-OslashpnotDe-a-bpsS ne]mSv

aX-]-t_m-[ cwKOslashv Pnpartv ]nim-Nv knlvdv hnj-b-szligƒ GXmpw hiquestj-szlig-fnnot Niquestreg sNoslash-sprod-Sp-IbpwAXv s]mXp-P--szligƒdegn-S-bnnot t]mepw Bi-b-degp-g-prod-szligƒdegv CS-h-cp-Oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp XpSiquestpartv tIcf PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot Deam Cu hnj-b-I-ambn ]eXhW NiquestregsNoslashp-Ibpw _lsquo-sprod- -h-cpsS A- n-]m-b-szligƒ tIƒdegp-Ibpw sNbvXp ]t_m-[--cw-KOslashv kzo-I-cn-tdegne ne-]mSv sI Fge Fw aptJ hyDagger-am-degn-sdegm-Sp-degmpwCu hnj--b-Icambn aiquestlqw apl-ΩZv Aamn auehn]kn-leo-I-cnreg X^vko-dnssbquo mK-szligƒ ]p-]-kn-leo-I-cn-degmpw sI Fge FΩn-tmSv Bh-iy-sprod-Sp-Ibpw sI Fge Fw niquesth-ln-degp-IbpwsNbvXp

Fpartmnot ]npartoSv ]kvXpXhnj-b-szlig-sf-prodpermiln KpW-I-c-a-radicmOslash Niquestreg-Iƒ ]t_m-[cwKOslashv hym]n-regpAtprodmƒ sI sP bp CXvkw_-lsquonregp Niquestreg sNbvXp]_-lsquo-szligƒ poundWn-degp-IbpwAXnnot Xocp-am--sa-Sp-degmge sIsP bp sI Fge Fw ]kn-Usbquo vskI-acute-dn-amcpw ^Xvh t_miquestUvsNbiquestampw Dƒsdegm-asympppart HcqPqdnsb sXc-strade-Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpPqdn-bpsS apordmnnot e`nreg cnev ]_-lsquo-szligfpw khn-kvXcw ]Tn-reg-tijw ]_-lsquo-IiquestOslashm-deg-fp-ambn ]tXyIw Niquestreg sNbvXpAXnnot npartv Rszligƒ FOslashn-tregiquestpart Imcy-szligƒ

1 sshfraslm-nIw ]nim-Nn-ssbquobpw Pnpartn-ssbquobpw AkvXnXzw ntj-[n-degppart Hpermil-sprodacute hyDaggern-I-sfbpw Ipoundn-I-sfbpw Ncn-X-Oslashnnot ImWm-sa-paranepwhniple Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw Xncp-kp-part-Oslashn-ssbquobpw ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Ahiquest Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-I-fm-sWpartpwAh-bpsS AkvXn-Xzhpw ]Ir-Xnbpw Ah-degp-snepartpwap-jysc iniquestdegv Ip^vdv _nZv-A-Oslashv aA-vkn-bOslashvt]mep-asymp-Xn-tedegv poundWnregv hgn-tI-Sn-emdegn c-I-Oslashn-tedegv bn-degpI Fpart-XmWv ]nim-Nnssbquo epoundy-sapartpwAXn-pasymp Xyen-szligfpw coXn-Ifpw Ahge Akq-XWwsNbvXv ap-jys mm- mK-Oslashp-npartpw hebw sNbvXp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-sapartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw XmdegoXvsNbvXn-acutep-nev Ahssbquo D]-Z-h-szligfpw hkvhm-kp-IfpwtIhew tXmpart-e-sradicpartpw AXp-sImnepXspart Ah-spart-Xnsc PmKX ssIsdegm-asymp-W-sapartpw Jpiquest-BpwkppartOslashpw Ap-im-kn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-X-Oslashnnot Aradicm-lp-hns ]cn-]qiquestW-ambn Ah-ew-_n-degnot ]nim-Nnnotnpartv Ah-tmSv cpound tXSnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dkqnot]Tn-prodn-reg ZnIvdv ZpB-Iƒ PohnXOslashnnot ]Xn-hm-deg-nothniple Jpiquest-B-nse BbOslashpnot Ipiquestkn apA∆n-Z-ssOslash-n t]mep-asymph lZo-knnot hpart t]mse Ap-jvTn-degnot XpS-szlignb ]nim-Nnnot npartpasymp cpoundm-amiquestKwkzoI-cn-degnot Hmtcm apkven-an-ssbquobpw _m[y-X-bm-WvFpartmnot ]nim-Nnssbquo t]cnnot kaq-l-Oslashnnot ]N-cn-prodn-regn-

acutepasymp Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szligƒ NqjWw sNbvXp-sImnevss]im-NnI D]-Z-h-szlig-fnnot partv cpound-tX-Sm-spartt]cnnot Ddp-degv ayenw Ge- v qev tlmaw Fpartn-XymXn NnInrsquom coXn-Isf Ckvemw n-tcm-[n-degp-partptcmK-i-a--Oslashnp acppartv D]-tbm-Knregv NnIn-rsquon-degp-IbpwAradicm-lp-hn-tmSv ]miquest-Yn-degp-Ibpw thW-sapartmWv ]hm-N-Ige ]-Tn-prodn-reg-n- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot sshZy--im-kvX-OslashntemaX-Oslashntem -A-h-Km-l-an-radicmOslash Nne-bm-fp-Iƒ Pnpartv˛]nim-Np-degfpsS D]-Z--h-Oslashnnot npartv tcmKn-Isf -c--poundn-

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OslashXm-sWpartpw A-Xn-p lJo-JOslashv Dsne-partp-

am-Wv Alvep- p-part-Oslashnssbquone-]mSv CXv ]am-W-_-le-hp-am-Wv

2 kwL-Sm]cw Fpartmnot ]t_m-[ cwKOslashv CXv Hcp hnj-b-ambn Niquestreg sNoslash-

cp-sXpartpw Ckz-vemln ]hiquestOslash-Icpw ]t_m-[-IcpwCXn-mbn Xiquestdeg-Oslashn-teiquestsprod-Sp-Ibpw kabw sNe-h-gn-degp-Ibpw sNoslash-cp-sXpartpw niquesttZ-in-degp-partp ]t_m-[hnj-b-szlig-fnnot apge-K-W sImSp-tdegne Imcy-szlig-fnnotke-^p- zm-en-lp-I-fpsS amXrI mw ]ngeXp-S-c-W-sapartpw ]k-Dagger-szlig-f-radicm-OslashXpw Bi-b-degp-g-prod-Oslashnp CS-h-cp-Oslashp-part-Xp-amb Imcy-szligƒ s]mXp-P a[y-OslashnnotAh-X-cn-prodn-deg-cp-sX-partpw DWiquestOslashp-partp

Aradicmlp Ap-K-ln-deg-sacute

Sn sI aplvbp-plusmnoge Dacn (H-prodv)

(]-kn-Usbquo v sI sP bp)

2 Fw apl-ΩZv aZn

(sk-I-acute-dn sI sP bp)

3 Sn ]n A_vZp-radic-tdegmb aZn

(]-kn-Usbquo v sI Fge Fw)

4 F ]n A_vZpnot JmZniquest auehn

(P--dnot skI-acutedn sI Fge Fw)

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 9

2010 Pqsse10

5 Fkv Fw sFZoZv Xszligƒ

(sN-biquestamge sI sP bp Xvhm t_miquestUv)

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GXmbmepw 2007 not CX Kuc-h-ambn ]TwXpSszlign aqpartv hiquestjw nc-yen-c-ambn Niquestreg-Iƒ Ac-tszlig-dp-tordmmgpw Pnpartp-Iq-Sepw ASn-regn-d-degepw FXn-cm-fn-Isf

ASnsregm-Xp-degepsaradicmw apddegv S-degm-pw Cu H-prodnacute_lp-am-yiquest Xspart-bm-W-tradicm kuIcyw sNbvXp-sIm-

Sp-Oslash-Xvkmnotth-j-nse B Kw`oc tNmtZym-

Oslashcw tXm-degƒ ad-partmepw AWn-Iƒ ad-degn-radic Pnpartn-s-degp-dnregv Bcpw ]pXp-

Xmbn Hpartpw ]d-traden-acuten -sradicpartpwkemw kpradic-an-bpsS Pnpartv n-

tj[w () amXamWn-hnSpsOslash]iv-sapartpw KiquestPnreg

knwl-szligƒ CtprodmƒNnX-Oslashnte Cradic-tradicm

Bfp-I-fpsS I-AElignnot s]mSn-bn-Sm-m-tWm

Cu kiquestdegp-e-dp-sapartv BZiquest-i kvtln-I-ƒ ymb-ambpw

kwi-bn-degp-partp ImcWw Cukiquestdegp-eiquest ^b-ennot kqpoundnregmnot

aXn Niquestreg sNoslash-ne FpartmWv F ]nA_vZpnot JmZiquest auehn niquesttZ-in-reg-Xv

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2010 Pqsse 11

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2010 Pqsse12

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2010 Pqsse 13

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CXn-ssbquo-sbmsdeg CS-bn-em-Wv Ckzvemlv amkn-I-bpsSiniquestdegv ]Nm-c-Whpw S-partn-cp-part-Xv Pnpartn-tmSpw ae-degn-tmSpw klm-bw-tX-Smw Ahiquest `uXnI Pohn-I-fm-Wvkpsse-amge _n(-A) Pnpartp-I-tfmSv klmbw tXSn-bn- p-nev kemw kpradic-anbpw sNdn-b-apnew A_vZpnotl-aoZv aZ-nbpw A]-Imcw tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- pnev Fpartn-szligst]mIppartp ymbo-I-c-Ww e-Oslashnnot XuloZv ]d-bm-pasympkzmXyenyw t]mepw Cu h-bm-Ym-yumln-Iiquest Cradicm-Xm-degnBsc-paranepw Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw XuloZv ]d-trademnot bmYm-yumlnI apkveym-deg-summiquest ]Ziquestin-prodn-degp-partXv kI-cnoslashm kzem-ln-bpsS Pnpartp-I-tfmSv klmbw tXSmw ae-degp-I-tfmSvklmbw tXSmw Fpart ]kw-K-Im-k-permilm-Wv Pnpartp-Ifpw ae-degp-Ifpw ac-W-sprod- -hcpw sΩ kw_-lsquon-treg-S-tOslashmfw AZr-iy-cmWv A`u-Xn-I-cp-am-Wv AXp-shregv apkveymdegƒdegvapPm-ln-Zp-Isf hnaiquestin-degmge ]bm-k-an-radic kwL-SBZiquesti-Oslashnssbquo hgn-bn-tedegv Xncn-regp-h-cptam Fpartv Fradicm]co-pound-W-szligfpw S-Oslashn-b-Xn-p-ti-j-amWv Cubpasymp-hgeh-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bp-part-Xv Ah-kmw Cubp-asymp-hge Pnpartp-_m-[sb kw_-lsquonregpw Ch-cpsS ]pXnbhmZ-szligsf Jfin-regp-sImnepw Jpiquest-Bge amXw sXfn-hm-degn-sdegmnev Anota-miquest amkn-I-bn-tedegv Hcp teJw Fgp-Xn kI-cnoslashm kzemln sNmSndegpw Fpart Imc-W-Oslashmnot]kvXpX teJw FSp-Oslashn-radic

tXr-Xzhpw Pnpartp-tk-h-Icpw XΩn-epasymp _lsquow a- n-em-degm-pasymp Hcp ]co-poundWw IqSn-bm-bn-cppartp FssbquoteJ-w Cu Pnpartp-Kqprodv Ah-cpsS kwL-S--bnnot hfiquestpartp-h-cn-I-bm-Wv Aszligns Hcp hn`mKw Xspart Ah-cnnot CradicmFpartv km[m-c-W-]-hiquestOslash-Isc sXpermiln-le-cn-prodn-degm-mWv nc-yen-c-ambn ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ S-Oslashp-partXpw ]kvXpX ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fnnot PnpartpKqprodp-Imsc ]spara-Sp-prodn-degp-part-Xpw ]tpoundkm[m-cW ]hiquestOslash-Iiquest Ctprodmƒ AXv a- n-em-degn-h-cp-partp-nev Rmge Ah-cpsS kwL-S--hn- -Xn-p-tijw ]e-t-Xm-deg-fp-ambpw _lsquo-sprod-Sp-I-bp-nem-bn kw`m-j-W-Oslashn-partn-S-bnnot Fyenp-sImnev Chsc kwL-S--bnnotnpartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degp-partnradic Fpart Fssbquo tNmZy-Oslashn-pasymp adp-]Sn kwL-S ]nfcpw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp kwL-S ]nfiquestpartmnot

tXrXzw ]cn-an-X-am-Ipw ]ikvXn jvS-sprod-Spw Ah-kmw ac-W-Oslashn-p-ap-ordmp-X-spart tXr-Ip-prodmbw Agn-regp-sh-tdeg-nen-h-cpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bmge apermilp ]e Imc-W-szlig-fp-ap-nev Ah-Iƒ AX-]-[m--a-sradic-paranepw Fgp-Xm-Xn-cn-degmgeniquesthm-l-an-radic F ]n apPm-lnZv ]yumlmw nb-yenn-degp-partXv AXnssbquo ]fin-X-kw-L-S--ap-Xnot Fw Fkv Fwhsc Nne tImdeg-kp-I-fm-Wv ]kvXpX tImdeg-kp-I-fmWvtXr-cw-K-tOslashdegv ]m-ep-I-fp-nem-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nemWv]kvXpX kwL-Sm tXr-n-c-bn-tedegv ]pXnb HcmƒIS-partp-h-cm-Oslash-Xpw IS-partp-h-part-hge ]pd-Oslashp-t]m-Im-Oslash-XpwaX-]-c-amb hnj-b-szlig-fntem atpermilm Cu tImdeg-kp-I-fnnotsprodacuteBsc-sb-paranepw FXniquestOslashmnot Ahge Xg-b-sprod-Spw Cubp-asymp-h-sbpw Aszligs Xg-tradep-niquestOslashmpw Hpermil-sprod-Sm-Oslashmpw appartp-m-ep-sImradicwap-ordmvXspart Hcp iaw S-partn- p-nev ]spound AXX Imcy-ambn FSp-Oslashn-cp-partn-radic AXpwIiquesta-im-kvX-]-c-amb Nne hnj-b-szlig-fnnot tcp-]-d-trade-Xnssbquot]cn-em-bn-cp-partp ZAvhOslashv(-]-t_m-[-w)-cw-KOslashv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-sb-partXv tXr-tam-ltam A[n-Im-c-tam-ltam AradicAXv Hmtcm hyDaggerndegpw a-kvImcw tmordmp-t]mse niquest_-lsquo-amb Imcy-am-Wv AXv A[-n-Im-c-tam-l-am-sWpartv ]N-cn-prodn-degp-part-hge Ckvem-anssbquo _me-]m-Tw-t]mepw Adn-bmOslash ]Sp-hn-UvVn-bm-Wv

PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot De-am -bnnot Cubp-asymp-hge^Xvhmt_miquestUv saordm-dpw hmZ-]-Xn-hmZw ]Tn-degppart ]fin-X-summ-cpsS D]-tZ-i-Ik-an-Xn-bnse Hcp saordm-dpw-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-partp AOslashcw henb yumlm-szligƒ Hgn-hm-degn-sdegm-nemWvCu kwL-S--bn-tedegv hpart-Xv AXv BZiquesti-Oslashn-p-th-nen-bm-Wv Cu kwL-S--bnnot Cubp-asymp-hge Hcp yumlmhpwAe-para-cn-degp-partn-radic Ωp-sS epoundyw ZAvhOslashm-Wv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bm-pasymp aspermilmcp ImcWw Ah-cn-epasymp XJveoZv(-A-lsquo-amb Ap-I-c-Ww) atm- m-h-am-WvAnot_mn aZvl-_p-Imcpw apermilpasymp Nne aue-hn-amscXJveoZv sNoslashp-part-hcpw AXnnot nc-h-[n-bm-Wv ]tXy-InregvBZiquestiw a- n-em-degmsX Cu ASpOslash ImeOslashv AXn-tedegv hpartn- pasymp sNdp-prod-degm-cn-emWv Cu ]h-WX A[n-Ihpw Inep-h-cp-part-Xv Nne-cpsS XmSn-bpsS of-Oslashnpwapermilp Nne-cpsS ]kw-K-Oslashnse cmK-szligƒdegpw aqf-ep-IƒdegpwAan-X-amb ]m[myw notIn ]acutemordmn `mKOslashv PnreghyDaggern-sb-tprodmepw jmiquestP-bnse ssiJmbn sImnep--S-degp-partp

apPm-lnZv ]yumlmw apordmv ]t_m-[w sNbvXn-cppartandeg-hmdpw Imcy-szligƒdegv Cdegq- iquest FXn-cm-Wv Hcp ]yumlm--Oslashnnot Ahiquest sXpermilp sNoslashp-partn-sradic-paranepw AXnv hfw-sh-regp-sIm-Sp-degp-partXpw sXpermilp sNoslashp-part-Xnp Xpey-am-Wv Iiquesta-im-kvX-]-c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot apordmv Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw kppart-Oslashn-ssbquobpw ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot mw ]hiquestOslashn-regp-t]m-cppart]e Iiquesta-szlig-fnepw amkmyenw hyXym-k-szligƒ hcpOslashn]pXnb Iiquesta-im-kvX-szligƒ cq]-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partpPnpartp-tk-h-Iƒdegpw knlvdv _m[degpw Aan-X-amb]m[myw notIn P-szligsf Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-fnnot Xf-regn-Smge Xoh-iaw S-degp-partp tXrXzw n -lm-bcpw n w-K-cp-ambn tmdegn-nnotdegp-partp COslash-c-samcp Iqacutem-bva-bnnotFsyenmsdeg `uXnI s]men-a-Ifpw ]Xm-kp-Ifpw ]W-sdegm-gpprodpw Dsne-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Ap-K-lhpwimizX hnP-b-Oslashn-pasymp Aiquestl-Xbpw AhnsS Hcn-degepwe`n-degn-radic Aradicmlp cpoundn-deg-sacute

2010 Pqsse14

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse ]nfiquestprodnssbquo ]rsaquom-Oslash-e-Oslashnnot ]apJ ]fin-Xge A_vZp emwkpradic-ansb njvI-cpWw hnaiquestin-degp-part-h-tcmSv thZ-n-degppart a-t m-sSbpwKpW-Imw-pound-tbm-sSbpw Nne Imcy-szligƒ Ipdn-degp-I-bm-Wv

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse ]nfiquestprodnnot BZiquesti]ctamkwL-S-m-]-ctam Bb GsX-paranepw Hcp Niquestreg-bnnot kemw-kp-radic-an-bpsS Hcp ]pkvX-Itam ]kw-Ktam ]pkvI-OslashnseHcp Dplusmn-c-Wntbm hcntbm hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bn- nradic (cnevIq -cp-sSbpw ]_-lsquo-szligƒ ]cn-tim-[n-degp-I)

]pkvX-I-szlig-fpsS t]cnepw teJ--szlig-fpsS t]cnepwBtcm-]-W-szligƒ Dpart-bn-deg-sprod- -h-sc tmdegp-I lpsskgeaS-hqiquest Fw Fw Zvhn sI sI apl-ΩZv kpradic-an Ip -traquo-cn sNdn-b-apnew laoZv aZ-n Chn-sS-sbmpartpw kemw-kp-radic-anbpsS t]cv hpartnradic ]pkvX-I-szligfpw Cradic

Anota-m-dnnot aiquestlqw sI ]nbpsS ImeOslashv tNmtZym-Oslashcw evImge Gev]n-deg-sprod- Xv kemw kpradic-an-sb-bm-bn-cppartp FpartXv F ]n hn`mKw Xspart kΩ-Xn-degp-partp

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse Bi-bm-Ziquesti ASn-Oslash-d-bp-ambn _lsquo-sprod v Hacutep-andeg ]pkvX-I-szligfpw Fgp-Xn-bXvkemw-kp-radic-an-bmWv (kp-partn-I-fpsS kXy-[m-c-bnnot Aordm-e-deg-Shv laoZv ss^kn Cu Imcyw Fgp-Xp-partp-nev)

]yumlmw cnembn ]nf-cp-part-Xnv apordmv CradicmOslash GsXmcp ]pXnb hmZ-amWv kemw kpradic-andegv Ctprodm-gp-asympXvFpart Imcyw ]tXyIw ile-biquestln-degp-partntradic

sI Fge Fw tcn v S-Oslashppart FS-hAElig Pman-Abnnot Kh sslkvIqƒ tPmen cmPn-shregv cnev ]Xn-permilm-nen-tesd Imew Xpmdash-amb iordm-f-Oslashnv tPmen sNbvX kemwkpradic-andegv Apartn-radicmOslash hradic ]pXnb hmZhpw ]nparto-Sp-nem-bn- ptnem (A-tplusmn-lsOslash Ahn-sS-npartpw Bcpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bn- n-radic Fpart Imcyw ]tXyIw a- n-em-tdeg-ne-Xn-tradic)

kemw kpradican cNnreg KŸszligƒ lZo-kp-ambn _lsquo-sprod- Xpw BNm-c-szlig-fmbn _lsquo-sprod- Xpw sI Fge Fw BWv ]kn-leo-I-cn-regn- p-asymp-Xv bph-Xbpw apermilv ]kn-leo-I-c-Wm-e-b-szligfpw kpradic-an-bpsS ]e KŸ-szlig-fnepw ]kn-leo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

Cpartv kpradic-ansb tNI-partq-scpartpw bpDaggern-hm-Zn-sbpartpw]dtradev Btpound-]n-degp-part-hcpw Ah-a-Xn-degp-part-hcpw NneImcy-szligƒ ]S-reg-hs hnNm-cnregv Hmiquestdegp-I ]pkvX-I-szlig-fpsS cN-bpw (hn-iple Jpiquest-B-nssbquo mev hmfy-szlig-fpsShymJym-hpw _pJm-cn-bp-sSbpw cnbm--Zp-kzm-en-lossbquo ]cn-`m-jbpw Dƒsprod-Spw) nc-h[n teJ--szligfpw eLp-te-J-Ifpw Fgp-Xppart uXn-I-ambn bmsXmcp kordmm-Zyhpw CradicmOslashtIc-f-Oslashnse A]qiquesthw hyDaggern-I-fnnot Hcm-fmWp kpradic-an

tNI-partq-cnssbquo lZokv ntj[ ]h-W-Xdegpw a-kvIm-c-Oslashnssbquo ]pOslashge hymJym--szligƒdegpw kzlm-_n-Isf]pmdashn-degp-part-Xn-p-sa-Xnsc ]pkvX-I-szlig-fn-ddegn iDagger-amb adp-]Sn evInb GsX-paranepw Hcp apPm-lnZv ]fin-Xs kemw kpradic-an-b-radicmsX ImWn-regp-X-cmge ]permilptam

tNI-partqiquest h[-Oslashnssbquo t]cnnot kn _n sF tNmZywsNbvX-Xnnot Hcmƒ sI Daiquest aue-hn-tbmsSmprodw kemwkpradican- IqSn-bm-bn-cppartp Fpartm-sc-paranepw Adn-bptam

lZoknssbquo kzoIm-cy-X-bp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Niquestreg-I-fnnot apge Ime lZokv ncq-]-I-summcpw ]fin-X-summcpw hnaiquesti--Oslashnv hnt[-b-am-degmOslash GsX-paranepw Hcp lZotkmktZm kemw kpradic-an hyDaggern-]-c-ambn hnaiquestinregv kzlo-

lm-b-Xns Zpiquest_-e-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-tnem lZokv kzoI-cn-degm-pasymp am-Z-fi-szlig-fnnot Jpiquest-B-

npartv hncp-le-am-b-h sXfntrade _plendegv GXn-cm-b-h Ncn-X-k-Xy-Oslashnv FXn-cm-b-h sNdnb ]hiquestOslashndegv henbIqen hmKvZmw sNoslashp-part-h sNdnb sXpermilnv henb IppermilwXmdegoXv evIp-part-Xp-amb lZo-kp-Iƒ Akzo-Im-cy-am-b-h-bnnot s]Sp-Oslash-W-sapartv hmZn-regXv kemw kpradic-an-bmtWm

Cu n_-lsquo--I-sfmsdeg Dkp-eqnot lZo-knssbquo]fin-X-summiquest nrsaquo-bn-reg-Xtradic

AXp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute ]pkvX-I-szligƒ Cd-degn-bXv apgp-hpw apPm-lnZv sksbquo-dnnot

kwL-S ]nf-cp-part-Xnv apordmpasymp Cu am-Z-fi-szlig-ƒ Ctprodmgmsc-paranepw kzoIm-cy-a-sradicpartv hmZn-degp-partptnem

Cu n_-lsquo--Iƒ Dnem-degn-bXv kemw kpradic-an-bm-tWm

kemw kpradic-an-bpsS hniple Jpiquest-Bge hmJymwmev hmfy-szlig-fmbn ]pd-Oslashn-d-szlign-bn v hiquestj-szlig-fmbn (Agehm-dpnot Jpiquest-B-ge) CXnnot GsX-paranepw Bb-Oslashnv apgeIme]fin-X-summiquest GI-I-WvT-ambn yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashnb Hcp ImcysOslash ncm-I-cn-regXpw Zpiquesthym-Jymw S-Oslashn-bXpw Bsc-paranepw Nqnen-degm-Wn-regn- ptnem

Hcp lZokv KŸw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-b-tprodmƒ AXnse apgp-hge lZo-kp-Ifpw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-Ibpw hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bh Nqnen-degm-Wn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-I-b-radicmsXkzyenw ne-bnnot Atplusmnlw GXv lZo-kmWv Xasympn-deg-f-tradeXv

HmiquestdegpI Ch-sbmsdeg ]pd-Oslashn-d-szlign-bXv kwL-Sm]iv-Oslashnv apordmm-bn-cp-partp Aspartmpartpw kpradic-an-bpsStNmcdegv thnen Bcpw InX-bvdegp-partp-nem-bn-cp-partnradic

kwL-S ]nf-cp-part-Xnv apordmpw kemw-kp-radican sIFge FΩnssbquo Xvhm t_miquestUnnot AwK-am-bn-cp-partntradicApartn-radicm-Oslash-sX-yenmWv Cpartv kemw kpradic-an-bn-ep-asympXv

]e hnjbszlig-fnepw temI ]i-kvXcpw njvIma Iiquestan-I-fp-amb ]fin-X-summiquest GIm- n-]m-b-degm-cradic Ah-c-hcva n-em-degnb ]Tw SOslashn ]cn-tim-[nregv tcJ-sprod-Sp-OslashnbImcy-szligƒ ]eXpw hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cp-partp AXnssbquo t]cnnotAhsc mw Fsyenm-sdeg-prod-d-b-Ww

]Xn-sm-partnnot IqSp-Xnot Xdm-holv a-kvI-cn-degp-partXv_nZv-A-Oslashm-sWpartv ]dtrade Anot_m-nbpw (tI-c-f-OslashnseHtcsbmcp kemw kpradic-an-bpw) cmXn a-kvIm-c-Oslashnv FAEligw nrsaquo-bn-regn- n-sradicpartpw FXbpw Bhmw Fpartpw ]dtradeC_vp-_mkpw Dssk-aopw sI Fw aue-hnbpw Fradicm-hcpw AXn-am-y-summcpw ]c-kv]cw BZ-cthmsS amXw kwkm-cn-degp-part-hcpw Bbn-cp-partp

Jpdm- n-Iƒ Dpart-bn-degppart ]e lZo-kp-Ifpw XssbquoImgvN-prodm-Snnot knnotkne kzlo-l-bnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-OslashnbAnot_m-nsb mw Fyenv sNoslash-Ww

kvXo apJw ad-bvdegWw Fpartv ]dtrade C_vp_mkns mw Fyenv hnfn-deg-Ww

kp_-lndegv JqqOslashv HmXp-partXnv mw hntcm-[-sampartpw ImWp-partn-radic Fspart-gp-Xnb sI Daiquest aue-hnsbmw Fszligs ImWWw

CA-vXn-Zm-ennot ssI scopynnot shdeg-W-sapartv XvhevIppart kpDu-Zn-bnse ke^n ]fin-X-summcpw AXv_nZvOslashm-sW-part-gp-Xnb Anot_m-nbpw temtIm-Oslashc ]fin-X-summ-csradic

Cszligs FX-sbX hnj-b-szligƒ Aev]w amXw lZokv kzoI-cn-regv apgp-hge Imcy-szlig

fpw Jpiquest-B-nssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot aX-n-baw Ioslashm-fnbaZvl-_nssbquo Camw A_q-l-o- sb Bsc-paranepw tXtPm-

i_oiquest FS-degpfwkpradic-ansbISn-regp-Io-dp-part-h-tcmSv

2010 Pqsse 15

h[w sNbvXpthm mb-bpsS Xe H-gn-hm-degn-bmnot _mdegnP sradicpartv ]d-tradeXv kemw-kp-radic-an-b-radictradicm Camw amen-degsradic Fpartnacutepw B ]fin-Xsc mw BZ-cn-degp-partp

Cszligs nc-h-[nkemw-kp-radican kwL-Sm ]iv-Oslashnnot Bcp-a-radicm--bn-cp-

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2010 Pqsse16

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2010 Pqsse16

2010 Pqsse 17

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CXbpw sImnev Xoiquestpartnradic s]mradicmprodpIƒ 2002 BKAtildev12mWv `npartnprodpImiquest Ckzvemlo ]yumlmsOslash njv-IcpWw IpOslashnprodnfiquestOslashnbXv AXmbXv F v hiquestjw apge-]v Apartv _lpamyiquest ]Xszligƒdegpw IogvLSIszligƒdegpwnotInb hniZoIcWIpdnprodnnot HpartmaXmbn ]dtradeBtcm]Ww sI Fge FΩnv Hcp ldividev Kqprodpnem-bn-cnsdeg aspermilmcp ldividev Kqprodv ]hiquestOslashnregp FpartXmbncppartp]spound B Btcm]WsOslash IS]pgdegnsdegmnemWv knUn Shdnse tanot ldividev Kqprodnssbquo ]ckyw ]Xncopyv h-iquestjsOslash tkh ]mcordmcyamWv CXv AhImisprodSppartXvAXmbXv kwLS ]nfcppartXnssbquobpw Ggv hiquestjszligƒdegvapge]v Anotamiquest ldividev sknot XpSszligppartXnssbquobpw Bdvh-iquestjszligƒdegv apge]v Cu ldividev Kqprodv ]hiquestOslash-amcw-`nregncppartp AXnssbquo AacOslashv kzyendegmcmbXnmepwItkcbpw JPmhpw kzyenamdegmpasymp PnlmZnssbquo[zPhmlImbXnmepw ApartXv ΩpsS tXmdegfpsSIcnordmacutenIbnepƒsprodacutenradic Fpartv amXw

kwLSm apJ]XOslashnssbquo t]cv notInbXneqsS A-notamiquest ldividev sknot HutZymKnIsapartv tXmpartnprodndegpsa-partv hyXnbm KthjIiquest IsneOslashn ]spound ]nSnregXnt-degmƒ hepXmbncppartp amfOslashnnot ]yumlmOslashnssbquo t]cvXspart notIn Byumlm _nnotUnszlignssbquo hnemkOslashnnotAdnbsprodacutev HutZymKnIsOslashdegmƒ HutZymKnIambnCkzvemlo ldividev Dwd kiquesthokvv npartnprodv tXrXzOslashnssbquoDddegw sISpOslashpIbmWntprodmƒ Anotamiquest ldividev sk-

CMYK

CMYK

sI Fge FΩnssbquo GI ldividev KqprodvCu h-cn sImnepw ]tXyI Imcy-an-sradic-partv Ap`hOslashnnot npartpw a- nemdegnb HutZymKnIdegmiquest HcShpIqSn ]bpermiln tmdegn Ctprodmƒ hcppart]ckyszligfnnot sI Fge FΩnssbquoIognepff GI ldividev Kqprodv Fpart h-cndegv Xmsg honepw aspermilmcp hcn AXn-]Imcw sI Fge FΩnp Iognnot a-permilp ldividev KqprodpIfnradic

2010 Pqsse 17

2010 Pqsse18

radicnssbquo ]ckyw i_m_nnot notInbncppartXv KqXcambAregSdegewLambncppartp Apartv ]spound tanot ldividev Kq-prodnssbquo ]ckyw npartnprodpImcnse F ]n Kqprodnssbquo apJ]X-Oslashnepw kdegcnoslash Kqprodnssbquo apJ]XOslashnepw arsquocnregv]-XypoundsprodacutepsImnencndegppartp apPmlnZpIsf ampermilnniquest-Oslashn ]Icw ]XnjvTnreg BƒdegqacuteOslashnssbquo adhnbpw A-lsquoam-b hnt[bXzhpw henb ApKlambn ImWp-I-bmWv npartnprodv tXrXzantprodmƒ

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ldividev KqprodpIfpsS NmIc `npartnprodp ]mfbOslashnnot A-]kzcszligfpnemdegshbmWv apJ]XOslashnnot ]pXnsbmcpldividev Kqprodnssbquo ]ckyw apPmlnZnssbquoXv XspartbmWv ]-spound sI Fge FΩnssbquoXradic Fpartmbncppartp hnfnregtz-jn-reghiquestdegv Inacutenb adp]Sn Pdnot skIacutednbpsS acpaIgeIqSnbmb bph]finXpw FdWmwIpfsOslash XeapXniquestparttXmhpamWsX CXnssbquo mbIiquest AXymhiywip`]XopoundtbmsSbmWnXnssbquo innotprodnIsfpartv ldividev-Kq-prodnssbquo t]cv Xspart kqN notIppartpnev sNΩm pImcmb

aspermilmcp npartnprodvtXmhnssbquo DSayumlXbnnot tcsOslash Xspartnehnepnembncppart aspermilmcp ldividev Kqprodnssbquo tXrXzta-spermilSpdegmge CubnSdegv aspermilmcp ]finXge Xacutean v ]Xypound-sprodacuteXpIqSn tNiquestOslashv hmbndegptordmmƒ Aymbamb HcpImcWw ]dtradev ]t_m[cwKOslashv ]XnklsquonIfp-nem-degnbhsc AtX ImcWw Xspart Dddegw sISpOslashppartXvkXymtzjnIƒdegv hensbmcp Xncnregdnhnssbquo tiquest-degmgvNIfmhpIbmWv

Ctprodmƒ kzyendegmcmbtprodmƒ kzImcy ldividev KqprodpI-fpw ldividev Kqprodnssbquo SOslashnprodpImcpsS kwLSm _lsquo-hpw t]cnse kwLSm kmayXbpw HutZymKnI ]knleo-IcWszligfnse ]ckyszligfpw Fradicmw lemembXv GXv a-gelPnssbquo ASnyumlmOslashnemsWpartv kaqltOslashmSv hn-iZoIcndegmge `npartnprodpImiquest _m[yyumlcmWv Anotamiquestldividev skradicns alm]m]amdegn AhXcnprodnregv sF FkvFΩns ]ncnregv hn v kzbw Ahtcm[nXcmb AUvtlm-degnssbquo sshkv ]knUsbquomWv ]Xncopyv hiquestjsOslash ]mcordm-cyw AhImisprodSppart kamyenc Kqprodnssbquo mbIge

adeg Ckzvemlo sksbquodnnot Xmakw hsc hmKvZmwsNoslashppart Kq-prodnssbquo innotprodnbmhsacute AtX AUvtlmdegnseaspermilmcw-Kw ]nfiquestprodnssbquo AWnbdbnnot Gsd hnbiquest-sprodm-gpdegnb t-XmdegfmWv apermilp ldividevKqprodpIfpsSbpw Aac-Oslashv BtcmSv ]dbmge Aaiquestjw tXmpartnbntacutem ymbszligƒncOslashn ]-Xntcm[nregntacutem AregSdeg S]SnsbSpOslashntacutemCu Zpch-yumlbnnot npartpw apJw cpoundndegmge Ignbnsradicpartvt-XrXzw Xncnregdnbppartpnev B XncnregdnhmWv kamyen-cdegmcpsS Duiquestdividehpw XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv ]n-partnnot ]hiquest-Oslashnreg AhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart ]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmge t]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXv kzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmw NnradicpIqacutenemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

NpcpdegOslashnnot Ckzvemlo tXmdegfpsSbpw ]hiquestOslash-I-cpsSbpsamsdeg klIcWtOslashmsSbpw ]paramfnOslashtOslashm-sSbpw Sdegppart sumIsf kwLSm kmtparaXnIXzszlig-fpsS t]cnepw kzmiquestinfin Xmnot]cyszligƒdegmbpw XpcparawshdegpIbpw KpcpXcamb ]XnklsquonIƒdegnSbmdegppartA]Iz odegszligfntedegv bndegpIbpw sNbvXhiquestdegv C-szligns ]eXpw tcntSnen hcpw Hcp apPmlnZv ]-finXgeGsXparanepw ldividev Kqprodnssbquo mbIcm-hp-partXnnot sumImWmge XoslashmdmhmOslashhiquest AXnssbquo t]cnnot alOslashm-sbmcp ]yumlmOslashnnot hnasympepnemdegnbhiquest AtXhnjbOslashnnot XethZbp`hndegppartXv sImnev amX-amWv ]cmarbdquo ldividev KqprodpIƒ ChnsS hnjbamhppartXv`npartnprodv tXrXzOslashnssbquo CcacuteOslashmprodpw Im]Syhpw XpdpartvImWndegppart qdp IWdegnv XncnregSnIfnnot ldividev Kqprodpwkzm`mhnIambpw Dƒsprodsacutepartv amXw _lpamsprodacute F]o Aszligv Cnsbparanepw ]dbpI kwLSm ]nfiquestprodnmbnnszligƒ Apartv Dpartbnreg Hmtcm Imcyszligfpw Hcndegnot IqSnkaqlOslashnv appartnnot AhXcnprodndegmge nszligƒdegmhptamAsradicparannot CddegpaXn BZiquestidegmcpsS KqUmtemN-bnepw oNIrXyszligfnepw ]paramfnbmbXnssbquo t]cnnot HcpXncpsOslashparanepw Xmparafnnot npartv ]Xopoundndegmtam BZ-iquesti]cambpw kwLSm]cambpw HmtcmcpOslashcpw XndegvtXmpartnb t]mse hnfbmSppart Hcp IpfOslashnssbquo Imhnot-Itkctbdegmƒ Aeparamchpw AwKoImchpw AXnmbn-cndegpsapartv addegmXncndegpI

XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv]n-partnnot ]hiquest-OslashnregAhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmget]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXvkzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmwNnradicpIq nemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

2010 Pqsse 19

iniquestdegv alm-]m-]-am-sWpartpw hradic-hpw iniquestdegv sN-bvXmnot Ahge Atszlig-bpermilw hgn-]n-g-regp-t]mbhm-sWpartpwhm-tem-I-Oslashp-npartv Xmtgm- p-ho-W-h-s-tprodm-se-bm-sWpartpwhniple Jpiquest-Bge ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Fpartmnot Rszligƒ iniquest-degv sNoslashp-partn-sradic-partmWv Ahiquest hmZn-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Jpiquest-Bge iniquestdegm-sWpartv hyDagger-am-degnb Imcy-szligƒJpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kp-I-fp-sSbpw shfn-reg-Oslashnnot apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaiquestYn-degp-tordmmƒ Rszlig-fpsS t]cnnot iniquestdegm-tcm-]Ww S-Oslashp-I-bmWv nszlig-sfpartv ka-kvX(-Im-yen-]pcw -C sI hn`m-K-szligƒ) kwyumlm kppartnbpw apermilpkppartn-hn- m--K-szligfpw ]N-fi-amb ]Nm-cWw S-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partp

GsX-paranepw hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegv Btcm-]n-degp-part-Xp-sImnev apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒdegv ]tXy-Inregv Hcp tacutehpw e`n-degm-n-radic Fpartmnot iniquestdegv GXv cq]-Oslashnnot Fhn-sS-npartvIS-partp-h-partmepw AXv iniquestdegm-sWpartv Xpd-partp-]-d-bm-pasympBiquestPhw apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ImWn-degm-dp-nev

iniquestdegnssbquo niquesth-Nw ]mam-Wn-I-K-Ÿ-szlig-fnepwka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnepw

Dpart-X-mb Aradicm-lp-hnv ]parap-Im-cs yumlm]n-degp-part-Xn-mWv iniquestsdegpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnnot Cpart hyDaggern]parap-tNiquestOslashp-shpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sm-dp-nev AXv Gpermilhpw henbAhn-izm-k-amWv (Anot ap vcZmOslashv t]Pv 259)

hnK-l-szligsf Bcm-[n-degnot amX-aradic iniquestdegv Fpartmnot]Xm-]-im-en-bmb nssbquo cpoundn-Xm-hnssbquo IqsS Ahge Hgn-sI-bp-asymp-Xns o sXc-strade-Sp-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (^p-Xq-lpnot ssKz_v aJme 7)

iniquestdegv sNoslashpI Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegvBcm-[--biquestprodn-degemWv bYmiquestY-Oslashnnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hge Bcm-[n-deg-sprod-Smge ]permilp-I-bn-radic (X vkodpnot I_oiquesthC-ZvJme epJvamge Fpart Bb-Oslashnssbquo hni-Zo-I-c-Ww)

temI apkvenw-Iƒ AwKo-I-cn-degppart KŸ-szlig-fnse C_m-d-Oslashp-I-fmWv apI-fnnot Dle-cn-reg-Xv Fpartmnot Xszligƒ sNoslashppart iniquestdegn-s- -iniquestdeg-sradicpartv ]dtradev ymbo-I-cn-degppartka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopound-W-szligƒ IqSn ImWp-I

Hcp hyDaggern Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degp-tordmmƒ amXtainiquestdegv hcp-partp-asympq Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv kzbw Ign-hp-snepartv hniz-kn-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (sIm- -prodpdw kwhmZw166 H Fw Xcp-h-W)

Bcm-[--degiquestl-mbn Aradicm-lpsh-tprodmse apermilp ]eXpwDsne-partpasymp hnizm-kw CXn-mWv iniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sp-partXv (Ciquestim-Zpnot C_m-Zv- -a-e-bmf ]cn- mj t]Pv 29 FwFw Cordmn-regn-tdegmb apkveymiquest)

tmdegp-I ka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopoundWOslashnnot HcphyDaggern acn-regmepw Csradic-paranepw Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-knregv

F A_vZpnotAkokv aZn

iniquestdegvBtcm-]-Wtam bmYmiquestYytam

Atplusmn-l-tOslashmSv ]miquestYn-regmte iniquestdegv hcn-I-bp-asympq A]-Imcw Xspart kzbw Ignhv B hnfn-deg-sprod-Sppart BƒdegvDsnepartv hniz-kn-regmte iniquestdegm-hp-I-bp-asympq FX hnNn-X-amb Hcp hopound-W-am-WnXv Jpiquest-Bpw ap - n-dp-Ifpw]hm-N-Ige(k)-bpsS lZo-kp-Ifpw Cu hmZsOslash Jfin-degp-partp o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa nszligƒ hnfnregv]m-iquest-Yn-degppart nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Isfprodpermiln nszligƒ Nnyennregvtmdegp-I Cu qan-bnnot Fyenm-W-hiquest krjvSn-regn- p-asymp-sXpartvnszligƒ Fndegv ImWn-regp-X-cn-I AX-radic BIm-i-szlig-fnnotAhiquestdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem AX-radic mw Ahiquestdegv hradic-K-Ÿhpw notIn-bn v AXnnot npartpasymp sXfn-h-p-k-cn-regmtWmAhiquest ne-sIm-asympp-partXv Fpartmnot AI-a-Im-cn-IƒAtymyw hmKvZmw sNoslashp-partXv hcopy--am-X-am-Ip-partp(^m-Xzniquest 40)

Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

Pemnot atcopycn

icn-bm-Wv Ckz-vemlv amkn-I-bnnotFgp-Xp-partXv ImWpI ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pn-partp-I-sfbpw apermilm-scbpw hnfn-regp-tX-Smge ]mSn-sradicpartpw ]miquestY--degp-Oslashcw evImge A-hiquest-degv Ign-bn-sradicpartpw Jpiquest-Bge sΩ ]Tn-prodn-degppartp (C-kz-vemlv amkn-I 2006 Unwk-_iquest adtradeamiquestKhpw kpradic-an-bpsS hnh-c-tdeg-Spw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemln t]Pv 6) ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhn-fnregp tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Cu tUmIvSiquest ChnsSFgp-Xp-partp Cu hnUvVnOslashw i_m-_nnot ]nSn-Iq-Sn-b-tprodmƒPnpartpw knlvdpw aS-hq-cn-I-fpsS Zpjv]-Nm-c-Whpw Fpartt]-cnnot Ctplusmnlw Xspart ]kn-leo-I-cnreg ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot-hn-fnregp tXSmge ]mSn-sradic-partpw ]dtrade mKw shacuten-am-permiln-bmWvF-gp-Xp-part-Xv

AXnssbquo ]qiquestW-cq]w ImWpI apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ Fhn-sS-bmWv Pnpartns hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-tradeXv Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw ]d-trade-Xmbn Cu Iasymp-hm-Zn-Iƒdegv sXfn-bn-degmge km[n-degptam adnregv Aradicm-lp-h-radicmOslash bmsXm-partn-tmSpw AXv Pnpartm-I-sacute hen-oslashm-Isacute ae-degm-Isacute hnfnregv]miquestYn-degp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSpasympq FpartmWv apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaq-lsOslash ]-Tnprodnregp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv aS-hq-cn-I-tf BSns ]acuten-bm-degppart nszlig-fpsS Cu hrOslashn-sIacute Xyenw hn kn Ipacuten-I-fp-sS ASpOslashp aXn apPm-ln-Zp-IƒdegnS-bnnot AXv sNe-hm-Inradic (Pnpartpw knlvdpw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemlnt]Pv 23) ]acutensb BSm-degp-hmge thnen ae-degp-IsfbpwPn-partp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Ckz-vem-lnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv Aacuten-a-dnregv Ah-X-cn-prodn-degp-I-bmWv tUm-IvSiquest Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot sNoslashp-part-Xv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degnot iniquestdegm-sWpartpw Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvamXta ]miquestYn-degp-hmge ]mSp-asympp-shpartpw kppartn-I-fnnot s]acutehen-sbmcp hn`mKw apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp-nev

CXp ]d-bp-hmge apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS ]asympn-Ifpw yumlm]--szligfpw kzOslashpw ssIh-i-sprod-SpOslashn ke^n thjw [cnregvS-degppart h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsS Bh-iy-an-radic ac-W-sprod--h-sc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip-vdp-am-Wv CXp-t]mse Xspart ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sf-

bpw hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip vdp-am-Wv CXp Xspart-bm-bn-cppartp apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHpartmw XnbXn sXmacutepasymp apJy ]t_m-[ hnj-bw ]asympn-bpw yumlm]--szligfpw Ahiquest niquestan-regXv CXv ]d-bp-hm-m-Wv ae-degp-I-fpsSbpw Pnpartp-I-fpsSbpw Ign-hnpartv Aprodp-d-apasympXv tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-iquest ]d-bp-partp ae-degnssbquobpw Pnpartp-I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hnssbquo]cn-[n-Iƒ nrsaquo-bn-degp-hmge apdegv km[y-a-sradicpartpw ChiquestXspart ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Ch-cpsS Cu ASnyumlm XXz-]-

Im-chpw ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp iniquestdegn-sbpwIp vdn-sbpw ]nSn-IqSn Xulo-Zm-degp-hmgeian-degp-part-hiquestdegv Hcp-Xcw AlsquoX _m[n-regn-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Chiquest FyenmWv ]d-bp-Ibpw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNoslashp-part-sXpartvChiquestdegpXspart Adn-bp-partn-radic

CkvXn-Km-kbpwaX-]-fin-X-summcpw

]qiquesthn-I-cmb andeg aX-]-fin-X-summcpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregv klmbwtXSn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv ka-kvX-bnse

apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp kXym-hkvY hnh-cn-degmtam

A_vZpnotI-cow sImregn

hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

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hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

samgnregp ]d-bpI B hmN-I-hpw AXn-XmWv euemdegeuemdeg eam Je-IvOslashpnot A vemdegv AiquestYw ]hm-N-I-tc Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Cu ]]-copy-sOslash-Oslashspart krjvSndegp-am-bn-cp-partn-sradic-partv Aradicmlp _n(-k)tbmSv ]]copy aJn-ehpwkrjvSnregXnssbquo nanOslashw ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n Dnem-b-Xp-sIm-nem-sW-partv CXnepw hen-sbmcp pWbpw Bpermilw-t_mw-_p-aptnem _n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXm AtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregp tmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmw Bkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-IpartvIgn-trade-Xp-an-radic Fpartnacutepw aZvlpIƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bppart NpW-degp- -summiquest COslashcw euemdeg euemdeg Dd-sdeg-bp-dsdeg]mSn-prod-d-bp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp hmdegp-Iƒ sImnev AΩm--am-Sppart hlm-_n-I-fpsS t]Sn-kz-]v-szligƒ hnfn-regp-Iq-hppartCu euemdegbpsS nP-yumlnXnsbsyenpartv Ahiquest Kun-degp-partn-radic auenZv XS-cppartp ^ hpenZ _n hPvlnnotAJvPe Ja-dmge h^iquest JZm Aem lph-radicZo Xh- e_nln-B-Zw h vX-Jd _n Iunlo Jmen-Zge hkvX-Kmk _nlo qlpge ^Pm annot dZm hIm-^okzpnot_n C_vdmlow Asseln emw lo Dnotdegnb^npartm-cn BZ hkmd elv_p^m apJva-Zm AsXAszligs Atplusmnlw ]qiquestW Nmicro-sbpw [ph-]-tZ-iOslashvDbiquestpartp nevdegppart pound-X-sOslashbpw mWn-prodn-degppart apJ-hp-ambn ChnsS ]nd-partp Adn-bp-I Atplusmn-lsOslashsdegmnevBZw Xh- pnot sNoslashp-Ibpw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]nXm-hm-ImgeIgn-trade-Xnnot A`n-amw sImasympp-Ibpw sNbvXp IqSmsXqlv(-A) Atplusmn-l-sOslash-sdegmnev CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashn-b-Xn-m-emWv alm hn]-Oslashnnot npartv (]-f-b-Oslashnnot npartv) cpound-sprod- -Xv Xspart-bp-a-radic Atplusmnlw C_vdmlow(A)-bpsS apXp-Innot Dnem-bn-cp-part-Xn-m-emWv AmiddotnIpfimcw XWpOslashvsI -Sszlign cpound-sprod- -Xv lm Fyenm-Wn-hiquest ]d-bp-part-sXpartvAh-c-dn-bp-partn-radic tNmdpw ssIa-Sdegpw In n-bmnot GXv hymP-hm-tdm-e-Ifpw Cu XmPpnot De-am-degƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bpw

(Xp-S-cpw)

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

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(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

iwkp-plusmnoge ]me-tdegmSv

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Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

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2010 Pqsse4

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2010 Pqsse 5

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2010 Pqsse6

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2010 Pqsse 7

F A_vZp- emw kpradican

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2010 Pqsse8

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CMYK

2010 Pqsse 9

2010 Pqsse10

5 Fkv Fw sFZoZv Xszligƒ

(sN-biquestamge sI sP bp Xvhm t_miquestUv)

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2010 Pqsse 11

icn-Iƒ t_m[y-sprod-Sp-tordmmƒ bmsXmcp ssha--kyhpwIqSmsX Ahsb kzoI-cn-degp-Ibpw sXpermilp-Iƒ a- n-em-hp-tordmmƒ Fyenv XymKw klnregpw Ah shSn-bp-Ibpw sNoslashpI FpartXv ]mc-XnI cpound epoundy-am-degppart Hmtcm hnizm-kn-bp-sSbpw ASn-yumlm _m[y-X-bm-Wv hniple ]am-W-szlig-fpsS shfn-reg-Oslashnnot Zons X-Xmb coXn-bnnot ]t_m-[w sNoslashp-Ibpw al-Oslashmb B Iiquesta-]-le-Xndegp appartnnotkIe ]tIm-]--szlig-sfbpw ]tem- --szlig-sfbpw XrW-hnotKWn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashppart apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHmtcm ]hiquestOslash-Ipw Cu KpW-szligƒ kzm`m-hn-I-ambpwDnem-th-ne-Xp-am-Wv AOslash-c-Oslashnnot icn-sbpartv nregv Ncnreghgn-bnse Xnsum-Iƒ IsneOslashn Ah-tbmSv hnS-]-d-bmgekm[nreg Hcp hyDaggern-bmWv Cu Ipdn-prodp-Im-cge

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2002not apPm-lnZv kwL-S ]nfiquestpart-tprodmƒ cnevhiquestj-tOslashmfw tIcfw apgp-hge apg-szlign-tdegacute Hc-]-hmZ ]Nm-c-W-am-bn-cppartp aS-hq-cn-Iƒdegv BZiquesti-hy-Xn-bmw kw -hn-regn-cn-degppartp Fpart-Xv BZy-Im-e-szlig-fnnot Cubp-asymp-hpw Ipd-regp-Imew AtX-permilp-]m-Sn-bn-cppartp FpartXv Hcp kXy-am-WvAh-kmw ssZhn-I-amb inpound Fpart ne-bnnot Btcm-]-I-summ-cn-te-degp-Xspart ]kvXpX Btcm-]Ww Xncn-regp-hpartpFpart-XmWv hkvXp-X Cubp-asymp-hge h-bm-Ym-yumln-IscIsoslashm-gn-bm-pasymp ][m--amb ImcWw BZiquesti-hy-Xn-bmwXspart-bm-Wv BZiquesti-hy-Xn-bm--Oslashnssbquo XpSdegw RmgeImWp-partXv sNΩm v ]asympn-an-ordm-dnnot npartm-Wv AhnsS amk-szlig-tfmfw apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnssbquo t]cnnot Pnpartp sshIr-X-szlig-fpsS DΩm-a-deg-Y-Iƒ iwkp-plusmnoge ]meOslashv Ah-X-cn-prodn-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Aszligs ]cn-ip-le-amb ]asympn anordmiquest Pnpartp-a-b-ambn amdp-Ibpw kzyenw AWn-I-fnnots]acute Nne tXm-

Nmen-e-IOslashv Fwknkn ktlm-Z-c-summiquestsI Fw aue-hn kn F auehn XpS-szlignb

alm-summ-cmb ]fin-X-cpsS ]t_m-[]hiquestOslash--szligƒdegv thZn-bm-bn-cppart Xncq-c-szligmSn Xd-Ωnot Ppam-akvPnZnse JOslasho-_mbn hiquestj-szlig-fmbn ]hiquestOslashn-degppartFn-degv Ahiquest bnreg Cu BZiquesti

]yumlm--Oslashnssbquo t]cnnot S-degppart hyXn-bm--szlig-tfmSv cmPn-bm-hmge Hcn-degepw Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic uXnI ]tem- --szligfpwyumlm-am--szligfpw kXy-Oslashnssbquo ]mX-bn-te-

degpasymp XS- -am-h-cp-X-tradicm

2010 Pqsse12

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h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bm-pasymp BZiquesti-]-c-amb

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aspermilm-cp-Im-c-Ww 13102009v kI-cnoslashm kzem-ln-bpsSPnpartp-hmZw Niquestreg sNoslashm-mbn ]pfn-degnot aZo--Oslashpnot DeqwHmUn-tpermilm-dn-b-Oslashnnot PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot Deam FIvkn-Iyp- o-hn-ssbquobpw ^Xvhm t_miquestUn-ssbquobpw Hcp kwbp-Dagger-tbmKwhnfn-regp-tNiquestOslashn-cp-partp tbmK-Oslashnnot A_vZpiquestdlvamgeke^n kI-cnoslashm kzem-ln-bpsS ]pXnb Pnpartp-hm-ZsOslashnin-X-ambn hnaiquestin-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Iptd kabw ]kvXp-X-tbm-K-Oslashnnot Pnpartp-Kqprodpw Bsbquon Pnpartp Kqprodpw XΩnnotiDagger-amb hmKzmZw S-partp Chn-sS-shregv ke- ndegv adp-]Sn ]d-bmge Ap-aXn e`n-degmOslash kI-cnoslash kzemln]npartoSv Xvhm t_miquestUv saordmiquestamiquestdegv Xssbquo ]cm-Xn-IfpwhmZ-szligfpw Xmge apordmv ]dtrade A_-le-szligfpw Dƒsdegm-asympn-regp-sImnev IOslashv sImSp-degp-I-bp-nem-bn ]kvXpX IOslashnssbquo

Anot-Ckzvemln-te-degpasymp krjvSn-Ifpw A`n-]m-b-szligfpw niquesttZ-i-szligfpw Xmsg hnem-k-Oslashnnot Ab-degp-I ]kn-leo-I-c-W-tbm-Ky-ambkw`-h-szligƒ FgpXn Adn-bn-degp-Itbm hnfn-reg-dn-bn-degp-Itbm sNoslashmw

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv tImgn-tdegmSv 2t^muml 9447232531 9633010100

AnotCkzvemlv

2010 Pqsse 13

cnemw t]Pnnot knlvdpw ItAEligdpw en-degp-I-bnradic Fpartvapordmv Atplusmnlw ]kw-Kn-regn-cp-part-Xmbn tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-nev Ctprodmƒ Atplusmnlw ]d-tradep--S-degp-partXv AXn-spart-Xn-cm-Wv AXnssbquo Bdmw t]Pnnot Pnpartp-Iƒ ap-jy-i-co-c-OslashnnotIb-dn-degq-Sn-bmnot AXnv NnIn-rsquo--SOslashmw Fpartpw tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-nev ]qiquestho-I-Im-e-L- -szlig-fnnot ]e ]ptcm-ln-X-summcpw knle-summcpw bph-Xn-Isf Pnpartn-d-degmgethnen Ccp-acutep-ap-dn-degp-asympnnot ]th-in-prodnregv ]oUn-prodn-degm-dp-nem-bn-cp-partpCkvemlo ]yumlmw hfsc apordmp-Xspart COslashcw Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-sfbpw Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw FXniquestOslashp-t]m-part-Xm-Wv CXnssbquo Hsdeg CS-bn-emWv aspermilmcp BZiquesti-hy-Xn-bm--kw- hw Ziquestin-degp-part-Xv AYhm nregv Hm v SqOslashv Ub-d-IvSiquest Zpss_ ssiJnssbquo Nmh-Sn-b-yenn-c-Oslashnnot ]spara-Sp-Oslash-Xmbn t^mtacutem klnXw ImWm-n-S-bm-bn CXpw h-bm-Ym-yumln-I-cpsS Im]Syw a- n-em-degmge Imc-W-am-bn Bsc-paranepw iniquestdegp-Iƒtdegm _nZv-A-Oslashp-Iƒtdegm ]nyenpWnotIn-b-Xp-sIm-neradic Cubp-asymp-hge kwL-S--hn- -Xv adn-regv COslashcw XvhIfpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw S-Oslashn-bn v kwL-S Ahsc tNmZyw sNoslashp-I-t]m-epw-sN-oslashmsX n w-KX]men-degp-IbmWv sNbvX-Xv AXp-sIm-nem-Wv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-trade-Xv

CXn-ssbquo-sbmsdeg CS-bn-em-Wv Ckzvemlv amkn-I-bpsSiniquestdegv ]Nm-c-Whpw S-partn-cp-part-Xv Pnpartn-tmSpw ae-degn-tmSpw klm-bw-tX-Smw Ahiquest `uXnI Pohn-I-fm-Wvkpsse-amge _n(-A) Pnpartp-I-tfmSv klmbw tXSn-bn- p-nev kemw kpradic-anbpw sNdn-b-apnew A_vZpnotl-aoZv aZ-nbpw A]-Imcw tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- pnev Fpartn-szligst]mIppartp ymbo-I-c-Ww e-Oslashnnot XuloZv ]d-bm-pasympkzmXyenyw t]mepw Cu h-bm-Ym-yumln-Iiquest Cradicm-Xm-degnBsc-paranepw Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw XuloZv ]d-trademnot bmYm-yumlnI apkveym-deg-summiquest ]Ziquestin-prodn-degp-partXv kI-cnoslashm kzem-ln-bpsS Pnpartp-I-tfmSv klmbw tXSmw ae-degp-I-tfmSvklmbw tXSmw Fpart ]kw-K-Im-k-permilm-Wv Pnpartp-Ifpw ae-degp-Ifpw ac-W-sprod- -hcpw sΩ kw_-lsquon-treg-S-tOslashmfw AZr-iy-cmWv A`u-Xn-I-cp-am-Wv AXp-shregv apkveymdegƒdegvapPm-ln-Zp-Isf hnaiquestin-degmge ]bm-k-an-radic kwL-SBZiquesti-Oslashnssbquo hgn-bn-tedegv Xncn-regp-h-cptam Fpartv Fradicm]co-pound-W-szligfpw S-Oslashn-b-Xn-p-ti-j-amWv Cubpasymp-hgeh-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bp-part-Xv Ah-kmw Cubp-asymp-hge Pnpartp-_m-[sb kw_-lsquonregpw Ch-cpsS ]pXnbhmZ-szligsf Jfin-regp-sImnepw Jpiquest-Bge amXw sXfn-hm-degn-sdegmnev Anota-miquest amkn-I-bn-tedegv Hcp teJw Fgp-Xn kI-cnoslashm kzemln sNmSndegpw Fpart Imc-W-Oslashmnot]kvXpX teJw FSp-Oslashn-radic

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tXrXzw ]cn-an-X-am-Ipw ]ikvXn jvS-sprod-Spw Ah-kmw ac-W-Oslashn-p-ap-ordmp-X-spart tXr-Ip-prodmbw Agn-regp-sh-tdeg-nen-h-cpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bmge apermilp ]e Imc-W-szlig-fp-ap-nev Ah-Iƒ AX-]-[m--a-sradic-paranepw Fgp-Xm-Xn-cn-degmgeniquesthm-l-an-radic F ]n apPm-lnZv ]yumlmw nb-yenn-degp-partXv AXnssbquo ]fin-X-kw-L-S--ap-Xnot Fw Fkv Fwhsc Nne tImdeg-kp-I-fm-Wv ]kvXpX tImdeg-kp-I-fmWvtXr-cw-K-tOslashdegv ]m-ep-I-fp-nem-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nemWv]kvXpX kwL-Sm tXr-n-c-bn-tedegv ]pXnb HcmƒIS-partp-h-cm-Oslash-Xpw IS-partp-h-part-hge ]pd-Oslashp-t]m-Im-Oslash-XpwaX-]-c-amb hnj-b-szlig-fntem atpermilm Cu tImdeg-kp-I-fnnotsprodacuteBsc-sb-paranepw FXniquestOslashmnot Ahge Xg-b-sprod-Spw Cubp-asymp-h-sbpw Aszligs Xg-tradep-niquestOslashmpw Hpermil-sprod-Sm-Oslashmpw appartp-m-ep-sImradicwap-ordmvXspart Hcp iaw S-partn- p-nev ]spound AXX Imcy-ambn FSp-Oslashn-cp-partn-radic AXpwIiquesta-im-kvX-]-c-amb Nne hnj-b-szlig-fnnot tcp-]-d-trade-Xnssbquot]cn-em-bn-cp-partp ZAvhOslashv(-]-t_m-[-w)-cw-KOslashv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-sb-partXv tXr-tam-ltam A[n-Im-c-tam-ltam AradicAXv Hmtcm hyDaggerndegpw a-kvImcw tmordmp-t]mse niquest_-lsquo-amb Imcy-am-Wv AXv A[-n-Im-c-tam-l-am-sWpartv ]N-cn-prodn-degp-part-hge Ckvem-anssbquo _me-]m-Tw-t]mepw Adn-bmOslash ]Sp-hn-UvVn-bm-Wv

PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot De-am -bnnot Cubp-asymp-hge^Xvhmt_miquestUv saordm-dpw hmZ-]-Xn-hmZw ]Tn-degppart ]fin-X-summ-cpsS D]-tZ-i-Ik-an-Xn-bnse Hcp saordm-dpw-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-partp AOslashcw henb yumlm-szligƒ Hgn-hm-degn-sdegm-nemWvCu kwL-S--bn-tedegv hpart-Xv AXv BZiquesti-Oslashn-p-th-nen-bm-Wv Cu kwL-S--bnnot Cubp-asymp-hge Hcp yumlmhpwAe-para-cn-degp-partn-radic Ωp-sS epoundyw ZAvhOslashm-Wv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bm-pasymp aspermilmcp ImcWw Ah-cn-epasymp XJveoZv(-A-lsquo-amb Ap-I-c-Ww) atm- m-h-am-WvAnot_mn aZvl-_p-Imcpw apermilpasymp Nne aue-hn-amscXJveoZv sNoslashp-part-hcpw AXnnot nc-h-[n-bm-Wv ]tXy-InregvBZiquestiw a- n-em-degmsX Cu ASpOslash ImeOslashv AXn-tedegv hpartn- pasymp sNdp-prod-degm-cn-emWv Cu ]h-WX A[n-Ihpw Inep-h-cp-part-Xv Nne-cpsS XmSn-bpsS of-Oslashnpwapermilp Nne-cpsS ]kw-K-Oslashnse cmK-szligƒdegpw aqf-ep-IƒdegpwAan-X-amb ]m[myw notIn ]acutemordmn `mKOslashv PnreghyDaggern-sb-tprodmepw jmiquestP-bnse ssiJmbn sImnep--S-degp-partp

apPm-lnZv ]yumlmw apordmv ]t_m-[w sNbvXn-cppartandeg-hmdpw Imcy-szligƒdegv Cdegq- iquest FXn-cm-Wv Hcp ]yumlm--Oslashnnot Ahiquest sXpermilp sNoslashp-partn-sradic-paranepw AXnv hfw-sh-regp-sIm-Sp-degp-partXpw sXpermilp sNoslashp-part-Xnp Xpey-am-Wv Iiquesta-im-kvX-]-c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot apordmv Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw kppart-Oslashn-ssbquobpw ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot mw ]hiquestOslashn-regp-t]m-cppart]e Iiquesta-szlig-fnepw amkmyenw hyXym-k-szligƒ hcpOslashn]pXnb Iiquesta-im-kvX-szligƒ cq]-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partpPnpartp-tk-h-Iƒdegpw knlvdv _m[degpw Aan-X-amb]m[myw notIn P-szligsf Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-fnnot Xf-regn-Smge Xoh-iaw S-degp-partp tXrXzw n -lm-bcpw n w-K-cp-ambn tmdegn-nnotdegp-partp COslash-c-samcp Iqacutem-bva-bnnotFsyenmsdeg `uXnI s]men-a-Ifpw ]Xm-kp-Ifpw ]W-sdegm-gpprodpw Dsne-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Ap-K-lhpwimizX hnP-b-Oslashn-pasymp Aiquestl-Xbpw AhnsS Hcn-degepwe`n-degn-radic Aradicmlp cpoundn-deg-sacute

2010 Pqsse14

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse ]nfiquestprodnssbquo ]rsaquom-Oslash-e-Oslashnnot ]apJ ]fin-Xge A_vZp emwkpradic-ansb njvI-cpWw hnaiquestin-degp-part-h-tcmSv thZ-n-degppart a-t m-sSbpwKpW-Imw-pound-tbm-sSbpw Nne Imcy-szligƒ Ipdn-degp-I-bm-Wv

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]pkvX-I-szlig-fpsS t]cnepw teJ--szlig-fpsS t]cnepwBtcm-]-W-szligƒ Dpart-bn-deg-sprod- -h-sc tmdegp-I lpsskgeaS-hqiquest Fw Fw Zvhn sI sI apl-ΩZv kpradic-an Ip -traquo-cn sNdn-b-apnew laoZv aZ-n Chn-sS-sbmpartpw kemw-kp-radic-anbpsS t]cv hpartnradic ]pkvX-I-szligfpw Cradic

Anota-m-dnnot aiquestlqw sI ]nbpsS ImeOslashv tNmtZym-Oslashcw evImge Gev]n-deg-sprod- Xv kemw kpradic-an-sb-bm-bn-cppartp FpartXv F ]n hn`mKw Xspart kΩ-Xn-degp-partp

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Hcp lZokv KŸw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-b-tprodmƒ AXnse apgp-hge lZo-kp-Ifpw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-Ibpw hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bh Nqnen-degm-Wn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-I-b-radicmsXkzyenw ne-bnnot Atplusmnlw GXv lZo-kmWv Xasympn-deg-f-tradeXv

HmiquestdegpI Ch-sbmsdeg ]pd-Oslashn-d-szlign-bXv kwL-Sm]iv-Oslashnv apordmm-bn-cp-partp Aspartmpartpw kpradic-an-bpsStNmcdegv thnen Bcpw InX-bvdegp-partp-nem-bn-cp-partnradic

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kvXo apJw ad-bvdegWw Fpartv ]dtrade C_vp_mkns mw Fyenv hnfn-deg-Ww

kp_-lndegv JqqOslashv HmXp-partXnv mw hntcm-[-sampartpw ImWp-partn-radic Fspart-gp-Xnb sI Daiquest aue-hnsbmw Fszligs ImWWw

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i_oiquest FS-degpfwkpradic-ansbISn-regp-Io-dp-part-h-tcmSv

2010 Pqsse 15

h[w sNbvXpthm mb-bpsS Xe H-gn-hm-degn-bmnot _mdegnP sradicpartv ]d-tradeXv kemw-kp-radic-an-b-radictradicm Camw amen-degsradic Fpartnacutepw B ]fin-Xsc mw BZ-cn-degp-partp

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Iptraden-tdegmb amAtildeiquest sIm -prodpdw

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hmnotdegjvWw COslash-c-samcp kw`hw Hcp _lp-aXkaq-l-Oslashnnot ]N-cW hnj-b-am-hp-part-Xnse Au-Nn-Xy-hpw Nneiquestsdeg-paranepw CXp-nem-degppart thZ-bpw Adn-bm-traden- -radic Akokv aue-hnsb Aym-b-ambn ISn-regp-Io-dn-b--tprodmƒ auw ]men-reg-Xnv hnNn-yen--apƒsprod-sS-bpasymp ]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot aue-hn-sdeg-Xnsc Cu iniquestdegm-tcm-]WwXpSiquestpart-tprodmƒ AXnv XW-te-In-b-Xn-v auehn acn-regn- p-t]mepw DpartX tXm-degƒ tXrXzw evIppart ]asympn-I-fn-se anordm-dp-I-fnnot hsc Cu ]N-cWw XpSiquestpart-Xn-v aue-hn--bpsS _lsquop-deg-fpsS IAEligocpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw Inen-sradic-partv Sn-reg-Xnv nszligƒsdegyenv hni-Zo-IcWw evIm-m-hpw AtXm-sSmprodw Cnsb-paranepw B Zpjv]-hr-OslashndegvHcp XncpOslashv nszlig-fnnot ]Xo-poundn-degmtam

2010 Pqsse16

Hcp IpfOslashnnot Ipsd XhfIƒ Ipfnregp sImnencndegp-partp IpfOslashnv Imhembn Icbnnot Hcp Babpw Ccn-degp-partp AXp hgn hpart Hcp ]mhw Xhfsdegmcp tamlw Ip-f-Oslashnsempartp Ipfnregmseyenm AXv tsc BabpsS A-SpOslashv t]mbn hyXtbmsS Imcyw AhXcnprodnregp ]permilnradicBa Ipdregv ImiquestdegiytOslashmsSbmWXv ]dtradeXv AtprodmƒA-hscmsdeg IpfndegpparttXm IpfOslashnnot NmSndegfndegppartXhfIsf Nqnen B Xhf tNmZnregp Ahscmpartpw F-tpartmSv ApaXn tNmZnregn nradicFpartmbncppartp BabpsS a-dp]Sn GXmnev Cu Babp-sS tdmfnemWv npartn-prodp-]m-f-bOslashnse tXrXzw kwLS-m-]ctam BZiquesti]ctam B-b Imcyszligsf Ipdnregv apermilpasymp-hiquest-sdegXncnnot hradic-Btcm-]Wszligtfm ]kvXmh-I-tfm SOslashptordmmƒ Chiquestdegvqdp mhmWv Fpartmnot A-tX Imcyszligƒdegv hncpleam-bh kz-yenw ]finXgeamcpwtXmdegfpw XpSiquestpartv hcppart-Xv Nq-nendegmWnregmnot Ah-scm-partpw XszligfpsS ApaXnhm-szlign-bnacutenradic Fpart adp]Sn-bpw Fpartnacutepw sacuteradicv ImWn-degm ---Oslash-sXtyen Fpart kwi-bOslashnmhs HmsesdegmnevRΩdegv s]cvOslashv ImcynevHmse s]Wdegym RΩdegvAbnsdegmƒ s]cvOslashv tZm-jq-nev FpartmWpOslashcw etam BZiquesti b ne]mSp-I-fnnot Hcp kmordmmiquest appartWnbmbn F ]n apPm-ln-ZpIƒ A-[]XndegpIbpw sNbvXp AregSdegcmlnXy-sOslash-bpw BibkwLacuteszligsfbpw hngpprodedegepIsfbpw tNcntprodmcns-bpw ]Wsdegmgpprodnssbquo ]pIaddegpffnnot Hfn-prodndegmge F-degmeOslashpamhnsradicpart XncnregdnhnemWv `npartn-prodpImiquest C-tprodmƒ

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2010 Pqsse16

2010 Pqsse 17

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2010 Pqsse 17

2010 Pqsse18

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2010 Pqsse 19

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hnK-l-szligsf Bcm-[n-degnot amX-aradic iniquestdegv Fpartmnot]Xm-]-im-en-bmb nssbquo cpoundn-Xm-hnssbquo IqsS Ahge Hgn-sI-bp-asymp-Xns o sXc-strade-Sp-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (^p-Xq-lpnot ssKz_v aJme 7)

iniquestdegv sNoslashpI Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegvBcm-[--biquestprodn-degemWv bYmiquestY-Oslashnnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hge Bcm-[n-deg-sprod-Smge ]permilp-I-bn-radic (X vkodpnot I_oiquesthC-ZvJme epJvamge Fpart Bb-Oslashnssbquo hni-Zo-I-c-Ww)

temI apkvenw-Iƒ AwKo-I-cn-degppart KŸ-szlig-fnse C_m-d-Oslashp-I-fmWv apI-fnnot Dle-cn-reg-Xv Fpartmnot Xszligƒ sNoslashppart iniquestdegn-s- -iniquestdeg-sradicpartv ]dtradev ymbo-I-cn-degppartka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopound-W-szligƒ IqSn ImWp-I

Hcp hyDaggern Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degp-tordmmƒ amXtainiquestdegv hcp-partp-asympq Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv kzbw Ign-hp-snepartv hniz-kn-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (sIm- -prodpdw kwhmZw166 H Fw Xcp-h-W)

Bcm-[--degiquestl-mbn Aradicm-lpsh-tprodmse apermilp ]eXpwDsne-partpasymp hnizm-kw CXn-mWv iniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sp-partXv (Ciquestim-Zpnot C_m-Zv- -a-e-bmf ]cn- mj t]Pv 29 FwFw Cordmn-regn-tdegmb apkveymiquest)

tmdegp-I ka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopoundWOslashnnot HcphyDaggern acn-regmepw Csradic-paranepw Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-knregv

F A_vZpnotAkokv aZn

iniquestdegvBtcm-]-Wtam bmYmiquestYytam

Atplusmn-l-tOslashmSv ]miquestYn-regmte iniquestdegv hcn-I-bp-asympq A]-Imcw Xspart kzbw Ignhv B hnfn-deg-sprod-Sppart BƒdegvDsnepartv hniz-kn-regmte iniquestdegm-hp-I-bp-asympq FX hnNn-X-amb Hcp hopound-W-am-WnXv Jpiquest-Bpw ap - n-dp-Ifpw]hm-N-Ige(k)-bpsS lZo-kp-Ifpw Cu hmZsOslash Jfin-degp-partp o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa nszligƒ hnfnregv]m-iquest-Yn-degppart nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Isfprodpermiln nszligƒ Nnyennregvtmdegp-I Cu qan-bnnot Fyenm-W-hiquest krjvSn-regn- p-asymp-sXpartvnszligƒ Fndegv ImWn-regp-X-cn-I AX-radic BIm-i-szlig-fnnotAhiquestdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem AX-radic mw Ahiquestdegv hradic-K-Ÿhpw notIn-bn v AXnnot npartpasymp sXfn-h-p-k-cn-regmtWmAhiquest ne-sIm-asympp-partXv Fpartmnot AI-a-Im-cn-IƒAtymyw hmKvZmw sNoslashp-partXv hcopy--am-X-am-Ip-partp(^m-Xzniquest 40)

Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

Pemnot atcopycn

icn-bm-Wv Ckz-vemlv amkn-I-bnnotFgp-Xp-partXv ImWpI ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pn-partp-I-sfbpw apermilm-scbpw hnfn-regp-tX-Smge ]mSn-sradicpartpw ]miquestY--degp-Oslashcw evImge A-hiquest-degv Ign-bn-sradicpartpw Jpiquest-Bge sΩ ]Tn-prodn-degppartp (C-kz-vemlv amkn-I 2006 Unwk-_iquest adtradeamiquestKhpw kpradic-an-bpsS hnh-c-tdeg-Spw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemln t]Pv 6) ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhn-fnregp tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Cu tUmIvSiquest ChnsSFgp-Xp-partp Cu hnUvVnOslashw i_m-_nnot ]nSn-Iq-Sn-b-tprodmƒPnpartpw knlvdpw aS-hq-cn-I-fpsS Zpjv]-Nm-c-Whpw Fpartt]-cnnot Ctplusmnlw Xspart ]kn-leo-I-cnreg ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot-hn-fnregp tXSmge ]mSn-sradic-partpw ]dtrade mKw shacuten-am-permiln-bmWvF-gp-Xp-part-Xv

AXnssbquo ]qiquestW-cq]w ImWpI apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ Fhn-sS-bmWv Pnpartns hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-tradeXv Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw ]d-trade-Xmbn Cu Iasymp-hm-Zn-Iƒdegv sXfn-bn-degmge km[n-degptam adnregv Aradicm-lp-h-radicmOslash bmsXm-partn-tmSpw AXv Pnpartm-I-sacute hen-oslashm-Isacute ae-degm-Isacute hnfnregv]miquestYn-degp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSpasympq FpartmWv apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaq-lsOslash ]-Tnprodnregp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv aS-hq-cn-I-tf BSns ]acuten-bm-degppart nszlig-fpsS Cu hrOslashn-sIacute Xyenw hn kn Ipacuten-I-fp-sS ASpOslashp aXn apPm-ln-Zp-IƒdegnS-bnnot AXv sNe-hm-Inradic (Pnpartpw knlvdpw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemlnt]Pv 23) ]acutensb BSm-degp-hmge thnen ae-degp-IsfbpwPn-partp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Ckz-vem-lnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv Aacuten-a-dnregv Ah-X-cn-prodn-degp-I-bmWv tUm-IvSiquest Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot sNoslashp-part-Xv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degnot iniquestdegm-sWpartpw Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvamXta ]miquestYn-degp-hmge ]mSp-asympp-shpartpw kppartn-I-fnnot s]acutehen-sbmcp hn`mKw apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp-nev

CXp ]d-bp-hmge apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS ]asympn-Ifpw yumlm]--szligfpw kzOslashpw ssIh-i-sprod-SpOslashn ke^n thjw [cnregvS-degppart h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsS Bh-iy-an-radic ac-W-sprod--h-sc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip-vdp-am-Wv CXp-t]mse Xspart ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sf-

bpw hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip vdp-am-Wv CXp Xspart-bm-bn-cppartp apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHpartmw XnbXn sXmacutepasymp apJy ]t_m-[ hnj-bw ]asympn-bpw yumlm]--szligfpw Ahiquest niquestan-regXv CXv ]d-bp-hm-m-Wv ae-degp-I-fpsSbpw Pnpartp-I-fpsSbpw Ign-hnpartv Aprodp-d-apasympXv tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-iquest ]d-bp-partp ae-degnssbquobpw Pnpartp-I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hnssbquo]cn-[n-Iƒ nrsaquo-bn-degp-hmge apdegv km[y-a-sradicpartpw ChiquestXspart ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Ch-cpsS Cu ASnyumlm XXz-]-

Im-chpw ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp iniquestdegn-sbpwIp vdn-sbpw ]nSn-IqSn Xulo-Zm-degp-hmgeian-degp-part-hiquestdegv Hcp-Xcw AlsquoX _m[n-regn-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Chiquest FyenmWv ]d-bp-Ibpw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNoslashp-part-sXpartvChiquestdegpXspart Adn-bp-partn-radic

CkvXn-Km-kbpwaX-]-fin-X-summcpw

]qiquesthn-I-cmb andeg aX-]-fin-X-summcpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregv klmbwtXSn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv ka-kvX-bnse

apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp kXym-hkvY hnh-cn-degmtam

A_vZpnotI-cow sImregn

hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

d_o-Dnot Ahnot amk-Oslashnnot DZn-prodn-reg-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege Xspart-bp-a-radic kiquesth-tem-I-szligfpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnpapordmmbn Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]Imiw (qiquest) Dnem-degp-Ibpw]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv ma-I-cWwsNbvX-h-p-am-b-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege CXm-Wn-XnssbquoAiquestYw ]spound hniple Jpiquest-B-n-s XInSw adn-degm-pasymp ia-Oslashnssbquo mK-ambpasymp Hcp Ap-I-c-W-am-Wn-hnsSImWp-part-Xv Jpiquest-B-nse kqd-Oslashpnot Ckvdm-Cse Hpartm-asOslash BbOslashpw ageIqkv auen-Znssbquo BZysOslash Cuhmdegp-Ifpw a- n-cpOslashn Hpartv hmbnregp tmdegq XnIregpwJpiquest-B-n-tmSv InS-]n-Sn-degm-pasymp KqV iaw AXnnot Hfn-tradep-In-S-degp-part-Xmbn t_m-[y-sprod-Spw AsX Jpiquest-Bge hN--szligsftprodmse sIacuten-degq-acuten-bp-nemdegn _n(-k)-bpsSaZvlmWv ]d-bp-part-sXpartv hymtP CkvemansOslashspart Ifn-bm-degp-I-bm-Wn-hiquest Aszlig-s-bm-W-hiquest t]Sn-kz]vszligfpwDddegw sISp-Oslashn-I-fp-am-b-Xv kiquesth-tem-Iszlig-sfbpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnp apordmv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-bpsS Hfnhv (qiquest)krjvSn-regp-nem-degn-sbpartpw ]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hmWv ma-I-cWw sNbvX-sX-partp-amWvaueq-Zp-Im-cge Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)bpsSPw Dnem-b-tprodm-tgdegpw ]nXm-hmb A_vZpradic ac-W-sprod-acuten-cp-partp-shpartpw Aszligs Ipacutendegv apl-ΩZv Fpartv t]cp-hn-fn-regXv ]nXm-a-l-mb A_vZpnot apOslash-en-_m-sWpartpamWvNcnXkXyw Cu aueqZv A]qiquestW-a-sradic-parante Acurrenp-X-ap-asympq Asradic-paranepw cN-bn-Xmhv Bsc-part-dn-bmOslash Ipprod-IƒIb-permilnb Iprod-e-sradic apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mbnntbm-Knreg tijw Ah-X-cn-prodn-reg Jpiquest-B-nnot BZysOslashap-jy-kr-jvSn-bmbn BZ-an-s-bmWv ]cn-N-b-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-part-Xv Fpartmnot aueo-Znnot apl-ΩZv _n-bpsS ]Im-ihpwCOslashcw A_-le-szlig-ƒ ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hmge Imordm-bn-p-I-fp-nem-degp-parthiquest kppartOslashpPam-AOslashv CsXmpartpw icn-b-sradicpartp]d-bp-part-hiquest Zonssbquo ]pdOslashv Fsyenmcp sXmen-degacuten

apeqZv XpScmw h AJvd-Plp ^o BJn-cn- -amnIam Jplusmnd h A_vZm AiquestYw Atplusmn-lsOslash AradicmlpCu Ah-km--Im-e-L- -Oslashnnot AhgeI-degmdegn nrsaquonreg]Imcw ChnsS sImnep-h-partp IqSm-sX h Anot_-klpJnnotAOslashnot Pam-en-radicXo ew bpnot_nkvlm Al-ZmAsX Atplusmn-lsOslash Ahge Ae-param-c-Oslashnssbquo hkvX-szlig-fnnot npartpw apermilm-scbpw [cn-prodn-regn- n-radicm-OslashXv [cn-prodn-degp-IbpwsNbvXp tmdegpI kXy-hp-ambn CXnpartv hradic _lsquo-hp-aptnem Aradicmlp ap-jy-cnnot Gpermil-hp-a-[nIw wKn evIn-bXv bqkp v(A) _n-degm-Wv Fpartmnot ChnsS ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n-bm-sWpartpw Icp-Xn-degqacuten pW-Iƒniquestan-regp-nemdegn Ah-X-cn-prodn-regXv ]mSn S-degm-pasymp Ch-cpsS Niquesta Lw A]mcw Xspart

hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

samgnregp ]d-bpI B hmN-I-hpw AXn-XmWv euemdegeuemdeg eam Je-IvOslashpnot A vemdegv AiquestYw ]hm-N-I-tc Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Cu ]]-copy-sOslash-Oslashspart krjvSndegp-am-bn-cp-partn-sradic-partv Aradicmlp _n(-k)tbmSv ]]copy aJn-ehpwkrjvSnregXnssbquo nanOslashw ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n Dnem-b-Xp-sIm-nem-sW-partv CXnepw hen-sbmcp pWbpw Bpermilw-t_mw-_p-aptnem _n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXm AtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregp tmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmw Bkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-IpartvIgn-trade-Xp-an-radic Fpartnacutepw aZvlpIƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bppart NpW-degp- -summiquest COslashcw euemdeg euemdeg Dd-sdeg-bp-dsdeg]mSn-prod-d-bp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp hmdegp-Iƒ sImnev AΩm--am-Sppart hlm-_n-I-fpsS t]Sn-kz-]v-szligƒ hnfn-regp-Iq-hppartCu euemdegbpsS nP-yumlnXnsbsyenpartv Ahiquest Kun-degp-partn-radic auenZv XS-cppartp ^ hpenZ _n hPvlnnotAJvPe Ja-dmge h^iquest JZm Aem lph-radicZo Xh- e_nln-B-Zw h vX-Jd _n Iunlo Jmen-Zge hkvX-Kmk _nlo qlpge ^Pm annot dZm hIm-^okzpnot_n C_vdmlow Asseln emw lo Dnotdegnb^npartm-cn BZ hkmd elv_p^m apJva-Zm AsXAszligs Atplusmnlw ]qiquestW Nmicro-sbpw [ph-]-tZ-iOslashvDbiquestpartp nevdegppart pound-X-sOslashbpw mWn-prodn-degppart apJ-hp-ambn ChnsS ]nd-partp Adn-bp-I Atplusmn-lsOslashsdegmnevBZw Xh- pnot sNoslashp-Ibpw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]nXm-hm-ImgeIgn-trade-Xnnot A`n-amw sImasympp-Ibpw sNbvXp IqSmsXqlv(-A) Atplusmn-l-sOslash-sdegmnev CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashn-b-Xn-m-emWv alm hn]-Oslashnnot npartv (]-f-b-Oslashnnot npartv) cpound-sprod- -Xv Xspart-bp-a-radic Atplusmnlw C_vdmlow(A)-bpsS apXp-Innot Dnem-bn-cp-part-Xn-m-emWv AmiddotnIpfimcw XWpOslashvsI -Sszlign cpound-sprod- -Xv lm Fyenm-Wn-hiquest ]d-bp-part-sXpartvAh-c-dn-bp-partn-radic tNmdpw ssIa-Sdegpw In n-bmnot GXv hymP-hm-tdm-e-Ifpw Cu XmPpnot De-am-degƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bpw

(Xp-S-cpw)

AXpw CXp-amhmwIiquesta-imkvX ]c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot AgsIm-g-ordmge

bw BZiquesti-am-degnb ]yumlm--amWv Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an Ckvem-anssbquo t]cp-]-d-tradep-sIm-nepasymp Pam-A-OslashnssbquoCOslashcw hnI-e-hm-Z-szligsf Ckvemlo ]yumlmw Fdegm-eOslashpw FXniquestOslashpt]m-partn- p-nev Fpartmnot Cu ]hiquestOslash--szlig-fpsS t]cnnot Pam-A-Oslashp-Imiquestt]mepw Xszlig-fpsS Hpartmwordmiquest iXp-hmbn hnti-jn-prodnreg sF Fkv FΩn-p-tscCS-degm-eOslashv Nne Cd-degp-aXn agel-Pp-Imiquest GXmpwBtcm-]-W-szlig-fp-part-bn-regp sF Fkv FΩnssbquo BZiquesti-t]m-cmacutew Xszlig-fpsS Hfn-b-P-nedegv hnLm-X-am-Ip-sapart BiparaImc-Ww sF Fkv FΩns mam-h-ti-j-am-degp-I-bm-bn-cppartp Cu agel-Pp-Im-cpsS Btcm-]-W-szligƒdegv t]c-W-bm-b-Xv AXn-mbn Dpart-bnreg Btcm-]-W-szlig-fpsS Iq -OslashnnotGpermilhpw ][m--sprod- Xpw IuXp-I-I-c-hp-amb Hcp Btcm-]-W-am-bn-cppartp sF Fkv Fw CJvhmn-k-Oslashnssbquo ]nSn-b-a-e-aiquestpartp Fpart-Xv

Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an-bpsS aspermilmcp ]Xn-prodmbn sF

Poh-Im-cpWy ]hiquestOslash--szlig-fpsS Ckvem-anI ]m[myw Dƒsdegm-asympp-Ibpw ]Tn-prodn-degp-Ibpw ]mhiquest Oslashn-I-am-degp-Ibpw sNbvX ]yumlm--amWv tIcf Zvh OslashpnotapPm-ln-Zoge apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnv Poh-Im-cp-Wy-]-hiquestOslash--an-radicmOslash Hcp Ime-L- hpw Dnem-bn- n-radic

(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

Bi-b-szligƒsdeg-Xnsc IS-partm-I-a-W-ap-nem-bmnotAXnssbquo t]cnnot nbaw Ioslashn-se-Sp-degp-partXpw Bbp-[-sa-Sp-degp-partXpw Ckvem-anssbquo b-a-radic Bi-bsOslash Bi-bw-X-sImnev Xspart-bmWv ]Xn-tcm-[n-tdeg-ne-Xv

(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

Pm-[n-]-Xy-Oslashn-eq-sS-b-radic tXmdegnge Ipg-en-eq-sS-bmWv hnπhw htc-ne-sXpart b-apasymp kn ]n FΩnvPam-A-Oslashnssbquo Pm-[n-]Xy hncp-leX ]d-bmge Fyeniquestl-X-bm-Wp-asympXv ]mte-cn-bnepw IAEligq-cnepw kao-]-Im-eOslashv]miquestacuten S-Oslashnb nb-a-ew-Lw t]mse GsX-paran-ep-sampartv Pam-A-Oslashn-s-degp-dnregv ]d-bmge Ign-bptam

(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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(]n-W-tszligmSv A_q-_-degiquestkppartn A vImiquest hmcn-I 2010 G]nnot 7)

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2010 Pqsse 5

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2010 Pqsse6

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2010 Pqsse 7

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2010 Pqsse 9

2010 Pqsse10

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2010 Pqsse 11

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2010 Pqsse12

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aspermilm-cp-Im-c-Ww 13102009v kI-cnoslashm kzem-ln-bpsSPnpartp-hmZw Niquestreg sNoslashm-mbn ]pfn-degnot aZo--Oslashpnot DeqwHmUn-tpermilm-dn-b-Oslashnnot PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot Deam FIvkn-Iyp- o-hn-ssbquobpw ^Xvhm t_miquestUn-ssbquobpw Hcp kwbp-Dagger-tbmKwhnfn-regp-tNiquestOslashn-cp-partp tbmK-Oslashnnot A_vZpiquestdlvamgeke^n kI-cnoslashm kzem-ln-bpsS ]pXnb Pnpartp-hm-ZsOslashnin-X-ambn hnaiquestin-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Iptd kabw ]kvXp-X-tbm-K-Oslashnnot Pnpartp-Kqprodpw Bsbquon Pnpartp Kqprodpw XΩnnotiDagger-amb hmKzmZw S-partp Chn-sS-shregv ke- ndegv adp-]Sn ]d-bmge Ap-aXn e`n-degmOslash kI-cnoslash kzemln]npartoSv Xvhm t_miquestUv saordmiquestamiquestdegv Xssbquo ]cm-Xn-IfpwhmZ-szligfpw Xmge apordmv ]dtrade A_-le-szligfpw Dƒsdegm-asympn-regp-sImnev IOslashv sImSp-degp-I-bp-nem-bn ]kvXpX IOslashnssbquo

Anot-Ckzvemln-te-degpasymp krjvSn-Ifpw A`n-]m-b-szligfpw niquesttZ-i-szligfpw Xmsg hnem-k-Oslashnnot Ab-degp-I ]kn-leo-I-c-W-tbm-Ky-ambkw`-h-szligƒ FgpXn Adn-bn-degp-Itbm hnfn-reg-dn-bn-degp-Itbm sNoslashmw

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv tImgn-tdegmSv 2t^muml 9447232531 9633010100

AnotCkzvemlv

2010 Pqsse 13

cnemw t]Pnnot knlvdpw ItAEligdpw en-degp-I-bnradic Fpartvapordmv Atplusmnlw ]kw-Kn-regn-cp-part-Xmbn tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-nev Ctprodmƒ Atplusmnlw ]d-tradep--S-degp-partXv AXn-spart-Xn-cm-Wv AXnssbquo Bdmw t]Pnnot Pnpartp-Iƒ ap-jy-i-co-c-OslashnnotIb-dn-degq-Sn-bmnot AXnv NnIn-rsquo--SOslashmw Fpartpw tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-nev ]qiquestho-I-Im-e-L- -szlig-fnnot ]e ]ptcm-ln-X-summcpw knle-summcpw bph-Xn-Isf Pnpartn-d-degmgethnen Ccp-acutep-ap-dn-degp-asympnnot ]th-in-prodnregv ]oUn-prodn-degm-dp-nem-bn-cp-partpCkvemlo ]yumlmw hfsc apordmp-Xspart COslashcw Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-sfbpw Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw FXniquestOslashp-t]m-part-Xm-Wv CXnssbquo Hsdeg CS-bn-emWv aspermilmcp BZiquesti-hy-Xn-bm--kw- hw Ziquestin-degp-part-Xv AYhm nregv Hm v SqOslashv Ub-d-IvSiquest Zpss_ ssiJnssbquo Nmh-Sn-b-yenn-c-Oslashnnot ]spara-Sp-Oslash-Xmbn t^mtacutem klnXw ImWm-n-S-bm-bn CXpw h-bm-Ym-yumln-I-cpsS Im]Syw a- n-em-degmge Imc-W-am-bn Bsc-paranepw iniquestdegp-Iƒtdegm _nZv-A-Oslashp-Iƒtdegm ]nyenpWnotIn-b-Xp-sIm-neradic Cubp-asymp-hge kwL-S--hn- -Xv adn-regv COslashcw XvhIfpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw S-Oslashn-bn v kwL-S Ahsc tNmZyw sNoslashp-I-t]m-epw-sN-oslashmsX n w-KX]men-degp-IbmWv sNbvX-Xv AXp-sIm-nem-Wv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-trade-Xv

CXn-ssbquo-sbmsdeg CS-bn-em-Wv Ckzvemlv amkn-I-bpsSiniquestdegv ]Nm-c-Whpw S-partn-cp-part-Xv Pnpartn-tmSpw ae-degn-tmSpw klm-bw-tX-Smw Ahiquest `uXnI Pohn-I-fm-Wvkpsse-amge _n(-A) Pnpartp-I-tfmSv klmbw tXSn-bn- p-nev kemw kpradic-anbpw sNdn-b-apnew A_vZpnotl-aoZv aZ-nbpw A]-Imcw tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- pnev Fpartn-szligst]mIppartp ymbo-I-c-Ww e-Oslashnnot XuloZv ]d-bm-pasympkzmXyenyw t]mepw Cu h-bm-Ym-yumln-Iiquest Cradicm-Xm-degnBsc-paranepw Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw XuloZv ]d-trademnot bmYm-yumlnI apkveym-deg-summiquest ]Ziquestin-prodn-degp-partXv kI-cnoslashm kzem-ln-bpsS Pnpartp-I-tfmSv klmbw tXSmw ae-degp-I-tfmSvklmbw tXSmw Fpart ]kw-K-Im-k-permilm-Wv Pnpartp-Ifpw ae-degp-Ifpw ac-W-sprod- -hcpw sΩ kw_-lsquon-treg-S-tOslashmfw AZr-iy-cmWv A`u-Xn-I-cp-am-Wv AXp-shregv apkveymdegƒdegvapPm-ln-Zp-Isf hnaiquestin-degmge ]bm-k-an-radic kwL-SBZiquesti-Oslashnssbquo hgn-bn-tedegv Xncn-regp-h-cptam Fpartv Fradicm]co-pound-W-szligfpw S-Oslashn-b-Xn-p-ti-j-amWv Cubpasymp-hgeh-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bp-part-Xv Ah-kmw Cubp-asymp-hge Pnpartp-_m-[sb kw_-lsquonregpw Ch-cpsS ]pXnbhmZ-szligsf Jfin-regp-sImnepw Jpiquest-Bge amXw sXfn-hm-degn-sdegmnev Anota-miquest amkn-I-bn-tedegv Hcp teJw Fgp-Xn kI-cnoslashm kzemln sNmSndegpw Fpart Imc-W-Oslashmnot]kvXpX teJw FSp-Oslashn-radic

tXr-Xzhpw Pnpartp-tk-h-Icpw XΩn-epasymp _lsquow a- n-em-degm-pasymp Hcp ]co-poundWw IqSn-bm-bn-cppartp FssbquoteJ-w Cu Pnpartp-Kqprodv Ah-cpsS kwL-S--bnnot hfiquestpartp-h-cn-I-bm-Wv Aszligns Hcp hn`mKw Xspart Ah-cnnot CradicmFpartv km[m-c-W-]-hiquestOslash-Isc sXpermiln-le-cn-prodn-degm-mWv nc-yen-c-ambn ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ S-Oslashp-partXpw ]kvXpX ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fnnot PnpartpKqprodp-Imsc ]spara-Sp-prodn-degp-part-Xpw ]tpoundkm[m-cW ]hiquestOslash-Iiquest Ctprodmƒ AXv a- n-em-degn-h-cp-partp-nev Rmge Ah-cpsS kwL-S--hn- -Xn-p-tijw ]e-t-Xm-deg-fp-ambpw _lsquo-sprod-Sp-I-bp-nem-bn kw`m-j-W-Oslashn-partn-S-bnnot Fyenp-sImnev Chsc kwL-S--bnnotnpartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degp-partnradic Fpart Fssbquo tNmZy-Oslashn-pasymp adp-]Sn kwL-S ]nfcpw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp kwL-S ]nfiquestpartmnot

tXrXzw ]cn-an-X-am-Ipw ]ikvXn jvS-sprod-Spw Ah-kmw ac-W-Oslashn-p-ap-ordmp-X-spart tXr-Ip-prodmbw Agn-regp-sh-tdeg-nen-h-cpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bmge apermilp ]e Imc-W-szlig-fp-ap-nev Ah-Iƒ AX-]-[m--a-sradic-paranepw Fgp-Xm-Xn-cn-degmgeniquesthm-l-an-radic F ]n apPm-lnZv ]yumlmw nb-yenn-degp-partXv AXnssbquo ]fin-X-kw-L-S--ap-Xnot Fw Fkv Fwhsc Nne tImdeg-kp-I-fm-Wv ]kvXpX tImdeg-kp-I-fmWvtXr-cw-K-tOslashdegv ]m-ep-I-fp-nem-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nemWv]kvXpX kwL-Sm tXr-n-c-bn-tedegv ]pXnb HcmƒIS-partp-h-cm-Oslash-Xpw IS-partp-h-part-hge ]pd-Oslashp-t]m-Im-Oslash-XpwaX-]-c-amb hnj-b-szlig-fntem atpermilm Cu tImdeg-kp-I-fnnotsprodacuteBsc-sb-paranepw FXniquestOslashmnot Ahge Xg-b-sprod-Spw Cubp-asymp-h-sbpw Aszligs Xg-tradep-niquestOslashmpw Hpermil-sprod-Sm-Oslashmpw appartp-m-ep-sImradicwap-ordmvXspart Hcp iaw S-partn- p-nev ]spound AXX Imcy-ambn FSp-Oslashn-cp-partn-radic AXpwIiquesta-im-kvX-]-c-amb Nne hnj-b-szlig-fnnot tcp-]-d-trade-Xnssbquot]cn-em-bn-cp-partp ZAvhOslashv(-]-t_m-[-w)-cw-KOslashv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-sb-partXv tXr-tam-ltam A[n-Im-c-tam-ltam AradicAXv Hmtcm hyDaggerndegpw a-kvImcw tmordmp-t]mse niquest_-lsquo-amb Imcy-am-Wv AXv A[-n-Im-c-tam-l-am-sWpartv ]N-cn-prodn-degp-part-hge Ckvem-anssbquo _me-]m-Tw-t]mepw Adn-bmOslash ]Sp-hn-UvVn-bm-Wv

PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot De-am -bnnot Cubp-asymp-hge^Xvhmt_miquestUv saordm-dpw hmZ-]-Xn-hmZw ]Tn-degppart ]fin-X-summ-cpsS D]-tZ-i-Ik-an-Xn-bnse Hcp saordm-dpw-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-partp AOslashcw henb yumlm-szligƒ Hgn-hm-degn-sdegm-nemWvCu kwL-S--bn-tedegv hpart-Xv AXv BZiquesti-Oslashn-p-th-nen-bm-Wv Cu kwL-S--bnnot Cubp-asymp-hge Hcp yumlmhpwAe-para-cn-degp-partn-radic Ωp-sS epoundyw ZAvhOslashm-Wv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bm-pasymp aspermilmcp ImcWw Ah-cn-epasymp XJveoZv(-A-lsquo-amb Ap-I-c-Ww) atm- m-h-am-WvAnot_mn aZvl-_p-Imcpw apermilpasymp Nne aue-hn-amscXJveoZv sNoslashp-part-hcpw AXnnot nc-h-[n-bm-Wv ]tXy-InregvBZiquestiw a- n-em-degmsX Cu ASpOslash ImeOslashv AXn-tedegv hpartn- pasymp sNdp-prod-degm-cn-emWv Cu ]h-WX A[n-Ihpw Inep-h-cp-part-Xv Nne-cpsS XmSn-bpsS of-Oslashnpwapermilp Nne-cpsS ]kw-K-Oslashnse cmK-szligƒdegpw aqf-ep-IƒdegpwAan-X-amb ]m[myw notIn ]acutemordmn `mKOslashv PnreghyDaggern-sb-tprodmepw jmiquestP-bnse ssiJmbn sImnep--S-degp-partp

apPm-lnZv ]yumlmw apordmv ]t_m-[w sNbvXn-cppartandeg-hmdpw Imcy-szligƒdegv Cdegq- iquest FXn-cm-Wv Hcp ]yumlm--Oslashnnot Ahiquest sXpermilp sNoslashp-partn-sradic-paranepw AXnv hfw-sh-regp-sIm-Sp-degp-partXpw sXpermilp sNoslashp-part-Xnp Xpey-am-Wv Iiquesta-im-kvX-]-c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot apordmv Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw kppart-Oslashn-ssbquobpw ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot mw ]hiquestOslashn-regp-t]m-cppart]e Iiquesta-szlig-fnepw amkmyenw hyXym-k-szligƒ hcpOslashn]pXnb Iiquesta-im-kvX-szligƒ cq]-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partpPnpartp-tk-h-Iƒdegpw knlvdv _m[degpw Aan-X-amb]m[myw notIn P-szligsf Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-fnnot Xf-regn-Smge Xoh-iaw S-degp-partp tXrXzw n -lm-bcpw n w-K-cp-ambn tmdegn-nnotdegp-partp COslash-c-samcp Iqacutem-bva-bnnotFsyenmsdeg `uXnI s]men-a-Ifpw ]Xm-kp-Ifpw ]W-sdegm-gpprodpw Dsne-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Ap-K-lhpwimizX hnP-b-Oslashn-pasymp Aiquestl-Xbpw AhnsS Hcn-degepwe`n-degn-radic Aradicmlp cpoundn-deg-sacute

2010 Pqsse14

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse ]nfiquestprodnssbquo ]rsaquom-Oslash-e-Oslashnnot ]apJ ]fin-Xge A_vZp emwkpradic-ansb njvI-cpWw hnaiquestin-degp-part-h-tcmSv thZ-n-degppart a-t m-sSbpwKpW-Imw-pound-tbm-sSbpw Nne Imcy-szligƒ Ipdn-degp-I-bm-Wv

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse ]nfiquestprodnnot BZiquesti]ctamkwL-S-m-]-ctam Bb GsX-paranepw Hcp Niquestreg-bnnot kemw-kp-radic-an-bpsS Hcp ]pkvX-Itam ]kw-Ktam ]pkvI-OslashnseHcp Dplusmn-c-Wntbm hcntbm hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bn- nradic (cnevIq -cp-sSbpw ]_-lsquo-szligƒ ]cn-tim-[n-degp-I)

]pkvX-I-szlig-fpsS t]cnepw teJ--szlig-fpsS t]cnepwBtcm-]-W-szligƒ Dpart-bn-deg-sprod- -h-sc tmdegp-I lpsskgeaS-hqiquest Fw Fw Zvhn sI sI apl-ΩZv kpradic-an Ip -traquo-cn sNdn-b-apnew laoZv aZ-n Chn-sS-sbmpartpw kemw-kp-radic-anbpsS t]cv hpartnradic ]pkvX-I-szligfpw Cradic

Anota-m-dnnot aiquestlqw sI ]nbpsS ImeOslashv tNmtZym-Oslashcw evImge Gev]n-deg-sprod- Xv kemw kpradic-an-sb-bm-bn-cppartp FpartXv F ]n hn`mKw Xspart kΩ-Xn-degp-partp

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse Bi-bm-Ziquesti ASn-Oslash-d-bp-ambn _lsquo-sprod v Hacutep-andeg ]pkvX-I-szligfpw Fgp-Xn-bXvkemw-kp-radic-an-bmWv (kp-partn-I-fpsS kXy-[m-c-bnnot Aordm-e-deg-Shv laoZv ss^kn Cu Imcyw Fgp-Xp-partp-nev)

]yumlmw cnembn ]nf-cp-part-Xnv apordmv CradicmOslash GsXmcp ]pXnb hmZ-amWv kemw kpradic-andegv Ctprodm-gp-asympXvFpart Imcyw ]tXyIw ile-biquestln-degp-partntradic

sI Fge Fw tcn v S-Oslashppart FS-hAElig Pman-Abnnot Kh sslkvIqƒ tPmen cmPn-shregv cnev ]Xn-permilm-nen-tesd Imew Xpmdash-amb iordm-f-Oslashnv tPmen sNbvX kemwkpradic-andegv Apartn-radicmOslash hradic ]pXnb hmZhpw ]nparto-Sp-nem-bn- ptnem (A-tplusmn-lsOslash Ahn-sS-npartpw Bcpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bn- n-radic Fpart Imcyw ]tXyIw a- n-em-tdeg-ne-Xn-tradic)

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lm-b-Xns Zpiquest_-e-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-tnem lZokv kzoI-cn-degm-pasymp am-Z-fi-szlig-fnnot Jpiquest-B-

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Cu n_-lsquo--I-sfmsdeg Dkp-eqnot lZo-knssbquo]fin-X-summiquest nrsaquo-bn-reg-Xtradic

AXp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute ]pkvX-I-szligƒ Cd-degn-bXv apgp-hpw apPm-lnZv sksbquo-dnnot

kwL-S ]nf-cp-part-Xnv apordmpasymp Cu am-Z-fi-szlig-ƒ Ctprodmgmsc-paranepw kzoIm-cy-a-sradicpartv hmZn-degp-partptnem

Cu n_-lsquo--Iƒ Dnem-degn-bXv kemw kpradic-an-bm-tWm

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Hcp lZokv KŸw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-b-tprodmƒ AXnse apgp-hge lZo-kp-Ifpw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-Ibpw hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bh Nqnen-degm-Wn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-I-b-radicmsXkzyenw ne-bnnot Atplusmnlw GXv lZo-kmWv Xasympn-deg-f-tradeXv

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2010 Pqsse 15

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2010 Pqsse16

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2010 Pqsse16

2010 Pqsse 17

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CXbpw sImnev Xoiquestpartnradic s]mradicmprodpIƒ 2002 BKAtildev12mWv `npartnprodpImiquest Ckzvemlo ]yumlmsOslash njv-IcpWw IpOslashnprodnfiquestOslashnbXv AXmbXv F v hiquestjw apge-]v Apartv _lpamyiquest ]Xszligƒdegpw IogvLSIszligƒdegpwnotInb hniZoIcWIpdnprodnnot HpartmaXmbn ]dtradeBtcm]Ww sI Fge FΩnv Hcp ldividev Kqprodpnem-bn-cnsdeg aspermilmcp ldividev Kqprodv ]hiquestOslashnregp FpartXmbncppartp]spound B Btcm]WsOslash IS]pgdegnsdegmnemWv knUn Shdnse tanot ldividev Kqprodnssbquo ]ckyw ]Xncopyv h-iquestjsOslash tkh ]mcordmcyamWv CXv AhImisprodSppartXvAXmbXv kwLS ]nfcppartXnssbquobpw Ggv hiquestjszligƒdegvapge]v Anotamiquest ldividev sknot XpSszligppartXnssbquobpw Bdvh-iquestjszligƒdegv apge]v Cu ldividev Kqprodv ]hiquestOslash-amcw-`nregncppartp AXnssbquo AacOslashv kzyendegmcmbXnmepwItkcbpw JPmhpw kzyenamdegmpasymp PnlmZnssbquo[zPhmlImbXnmepw ApartXv ΩpsS tXmdegfpsSIcnordmacutenIbnepƒsprodacutenradic Fpartv amXw

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sI Fge FΩnssbquo GI ldividev KqprodvCu h-cn sImnepw ]tXyI Imcy-an-sradic-partv Ap`hOslashnnot npartpw a- nemdegnb HutZymKnIdegmiquest HcShpIqSn ]bpermiln tmdegn Ctprodmƒ hcppart]ckyszligfnnot sI Fge FΩnssbquoIognepff GI ldividev Kqprodv Fpart h-cndegv Xmsg honepw aspermilmcp hcn AXn-]Imcw sI Fge FΩnp Iognnot a-permilp ldividev KqprodpIfnradic

2010 Pqsse 17

2010 Pqsse18

radicnssbquo ]ckyw i_m_nnot notInbncppartXv KqXcambAregSdegewLambncppartp Apartv ]spound tanot ldividev Kq-prodnssbquo ]ckyw npartnprodpImcnse F ]n Kqprodnssbquo apJ]X-Oslashnepw kdegcnoslash Kqprodnssbquo apJ]XOslashnepw arsquocnregv]-XypoundsprodacutepsImnencndegppartp apPmlnZpIsf ampermilnniquest-Oslashn ]Icw ]XnjvTnreg BƒdegqacuteOslashnssbquo adhnbpw A-lsquoam-b hnt[bXzhpw henb ApKlambn ImWp-I-bmWv npartnprodv tXrXzantprodmƒ

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ldividev KqprodpIfpsS NmIc `npartnprodp ]mfbOslashnnot A-]kzcszligfpnemdegshbmWv apJ]XOslashnnot ]pXnsbmcpldividev Kqprodnssbquo ]ckyw apPmlnZnssbquoXv XspartbmWv ]-spound sI Fge FΩnssbquoXradic Fpartmbncppartp hnfnregtz-jn-reghiquestdegv Inacutenb adp]Sn Pdnot skIacutednbpsS acpaIgeIqSnbmb bph]finXpw FdWmwIpfsOslash XeapXniquestparttXmhpamWsX CXnssbquo mbIiquest AXymhiywip`]XopoundtbmsSbmWnXnssbquo innotprodnIsfpartv ldividev-Kq-prodnssbquo t]cv Xspart kqN notIppartpnev sNΩm pImcmb

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adeg Ckzvemlo sksbquodnnot Xmakw hsc hmKvZmwsNoslashppart Kq-prodnssbquo innotprodnbmhsacute AtX AUvtlmdegnseaspermilmcw-Kw ]nfiquestprodnssbquo AWnbdbnnot Gsd hnbiquest-sprodm-gpdegnb t-XmdegfmWv apermilp ldividevKqprodpIfpsSbpw Aac-Oslashv BtcmSv ]dbmge Aaiquestjw tXmpartnbntacutem ymbszligƒncOslashn ]-Xntcm[nregntacutem AregSdeg S]SnsbSpOslashntacutemCu Zpch-yumlbnnot npartpw apJw cpoundndegmge Ignbnsradicpartvt-XrXzw Xncnregdnbppartpnev B XncnregdnhmWv kamyen-cdegmcpsS Duiquestdividehpw XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv ]n-partnnot ]hiquest-Oslashnreg AhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart ]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmge t]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXv kzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmw NnradicpIqacutenemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

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2010 Pqsse 19

iniquestdegv alm-]m-]-am-sWpartpw hradic-hpw iniquestdegv sN-bvXmnot Ahge Atszlig-bpermilw hgn-]n-g-regp-t]mbhm-sWpartpwhm-tem-I-Oslashp-npartv Xmtgm- p-ho-W-h-s-tprodm-se-bm-sWpartpwhniple Jpiquest-Bge ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Fpartmnot Rszligƒ iniquest-degv sNoslashp-partn-sradic-partmWv Ahiquest hmZn-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Jpiquest-Bge iniquestdegm-sWpartv hyDagger-am-degnb Imcy-szligƒJpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kp-I-fp-sSbpw shfn-reg-Oslashnnot apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaiquestYn-degp-tordmmƒ Rszlig-fpsS t]cnnot iniquestdegm-tcm-]Ww S-Oslashp-I-bmWv nszlig-sfpartv ka-kvX(-Im-yen-]pcw -C sI hn`m-K-szligƒ) kwyumlm kppartnbpw apermilpkppartn-hn- m--K-szligfpw ]N-fi-amb ]Nm-cWw S-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partp

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iniquestdegnssbquo niquesth-Nw ]mam-Wn-I-K-Ÿ-szlig-fnepwka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnepw

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Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

Pemnot atcopycn

icn-bm-Wv Ckz-vemlv amkn-I-bnnotFgp-Xp-partXv ImWpI ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pn-partp-I-sfbpw apermilm-scbpw hnfn-regp-tX-Smge ]mSn-sradicpartpw ]miquestY--degp-Oslashcw evImge A-hiquest-degv Ign-bn-sradicpartpw Jpiquest-Bge sΩ ]Tn-prodn-degppartp (C-kz-vemlv amkn-I 2006 Unwk-_iquest adtradeamiquestKhpw kpradic-an-bpsS hnh-c-tdeg-Spw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemln t]Pv 6) ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhn-fnregp tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Cu tUmIvSiquest ChnsSFgp-Xp-partp Cu hnUvVnOslashw i_m-_nnot ]nSn-Iq-Sn-b-tprodmƒPnpartpw knlvdpw aS-hq-cn-I-fpsS Zpjv]-Nm-c-Whpw Fpartt]-cnnot Ctplusmnlw Xspart ]kn-leo-I-cnreg ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot-hn-fnregp tXSmge ]mSn-sradic-partpw ]dtrade mKw shacuten-am-permiln-bmWvF-gp-Xp-part-Xv

AXnssbquo ]qiquestW-cq]w ImWpI apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ Fhn-sS-bmWv Pnpartns hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-tradeXv Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw ]d-trade-Xmbn Cu Iasymp-hm-Zn-Iƒdegv sXfn-bn-degmge km[n-degptam adnregv Aradicm-lp-h-radicmOslash bmsXm-partn-tmSpw AXv Pnpartm-I-sacute hen-oslashm-Isacute ae-degm-Isacute hnfnregv]miquestYn-degp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSpasympq FpartmWv apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaq-lsOslash ]-Tnprodnregp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv aS-hq-cn-I-tf BSns ]acuten-bm-degppart nszlig-fpsS Cu hrOslashn-sIacute Xyenw hn kn Ipacuten-I-fp-sS ASpOslashp aXn apPm-ln-Zp-IƒdegnS-bnnot AXv sNe-hm-Inradic (Pnpartpw knlvdpw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemlnt]Pv 23) ]acutensb BSm-degp-hmge thnen ae-degp-IsfbpwPn-partp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Ckz-vem-lnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv Aacuten-a-dnregv Ah-X-cn-prodn-degp-I-bmWv tUm-IvSiquest Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot sNoslashp-part-Xv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degnot iniquestdegm-sWpartpw Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvamXta ]miquestYn-degp-hmge ]mSp-asympp-shpartpw kppartn-I-fnnot s]acutehen-sbmcp hn`mKw apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp-nev

CXp ]d-bp-hmge apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS ]asympn-Ifpw yumlm]--szligfpw kzOslashpw ssIh-i-sprod-SpOslashn ke^n thjw [cnregvS-degppart h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsS Bh-iy-an-radic ac-W-sprod--h-sc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip-vdp-am-Wv CXp-t]mse Xspart ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sf-

bpw hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip vdp-am-Wv CXp Xspart-bm-bn-cppartp apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHpartmw XnbXn sXmacutepasymp apJy ]t_m-[ hnj-bw ]asympn-bpw yumlm]--szligfpw Ahiquest niquestan-regXv CXv ]d-bp-hm-m-Wv ae-degp-I-fpsSbpw Pnpartp-I-fpsSbpw Ign-hnpartv Aprodp-d-apasympXv tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-iquest ]d-bp-partp ae-degnssbquobpw Pnpartp-I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hnssbquo]cn-[n-Iƒ nrsaquo-bn-degp-hmge apdegv km[y-a-sradicpartpw ChiquestXspart ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Ch-cpsS Cu ASnyumlm XXz-]-

Im-chpw ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp iniquestdegn-sbpwIp vdn-sbpw ]nSn-IqSn Xulo-Zm-degp-hmgeian-degp-part-hiquestdegv Hcp-Xcw AlsquoX _m[n-regn-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Chiquest FyenmWv ]d-bp-Ibpw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNoslashp-part-sXpartvChiquestdegpXspart Adn-bp-partn-radic

CkvXn-Km-kbpwaX-]-fin-X-summcpw

]qiquesthn-I-cmb andeg aX-]-fin-X-summcpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregv klmbwtXSn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv ka-kvX-bnse

apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp kXym-hkvY hnh-cn-degmtam

A_vZpnotI-cow sImregn

hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

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hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

samgnregp ]d-bpI B hmN-I-hpw AXn-XmWv euemdegeuemdeg eam Je-IvOslashpnot A vemdegv AiquestYw ]hm-N-I-tc Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Cu ]]-copy-sOslash-Oslashspart krjvSndegp-am-bn-cp-partn-sradic-partv Aradicmlp _n(-k)tbmSv ]]copy aJn-ehpwkrjvSnregXnssbquo nanOslashw ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n Dnem-b-Xp-sIm-nem-sW-partv CXnepw hen-sbmcp pWbpw Bpermilw-t_mw-_p-aptnem _n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXm AtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregp tmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmw Bkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-IpartvIgn-trade-Xp-an-radic Fpartnacutepw aZvlpIƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bppart NpW-degp- -summiquest COslashcw euemdeg euemdeg Dd-sdeg-bp-dsdeg]mSn-prod-d-bp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp hmdegp-Iƒ sImnev AΩm--am-Sppart hlm-_n-I-fpsS t]Sn-kz-]v-szligƒ hnfn-regp-Iq-hppartCu euemdegbpsS nP-yumlnXnsbsyenpartv Ahiquest Kun-degp-partn-radic auenZv XS-cppartp ^ hpenZ _n hPvlnnotAJvPe Ja-dmge h^iquest JZm Aem lph-radicZo Xh- e_nln-B-Zw h vX-Jd _n Iunlo Jmen-Zge hkvX-Kmk _nlo qlpge ^Pm annot dZm hIm-^okzpnot_n C_vdmlow Asseln emw lo Dnotdegnb^npartm-cn BZ hkmd elv_p^m apJva-Zm AsXAszligs Atplusmnlw ]qiquestW Nmicro-sbpw [ph-]-tZ-iOslashvDbiquestpartp nevdegppart pound-X-sOslashbpw mWn-prodn-degppart apJ-hp-ambn ChnsS ]nd-partp Adn-bp-I Atplusmn-lsOslashsdegmnevBZw Xh- pnot sNoslashp-Ibpw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]nXm-hm-ImgeIgn-trade-Xnnot A`n-amw sImasympp-Ibpw sNbvXp IqSmsXqlv(-A) Atplusmn-l-sOslash-sdegmnev CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashn-b-Xn-m-emWv alm hn]-Oslashnnot npartv (]-f-b-Oslashnnot npartv) cpound-sprod- -Xv Xspart-bp-a-radic Atplusmnlw C_vdmlow(A)-bpsS apXp-Innot Dnem-bn-cp-part-Xn-m-emWv AmiddotnIpfimcw XWpOslashvsI -Sszlign cpound-sprod- -Xv lm Fyenm-Wn-hiquest ]d-bp-part-sXpartvAh-c-dn-bp-partn-radic tNmdpw ssIa-Sdegpw In n-bmnot GXv hymP-hm-tdm-e-Ifpw Cu XmPpnot De-am-degƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bpw

(Xp-S-cpw)

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

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(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

iwkp-plusmnoge ]me-tdegmSv

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Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

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2010 Pqsse6

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2010 Pqsse 7

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Oslashp-Ibpw Ah-cnnot npartv ]_-lsquo-szligƒ tiJ-cn-degp-IbpwAXv ]T--hn-t[-b-am-degnb tijw _lsquo-sprod-acute-h-cp-ambnhonepw Niquestreg S-Oslashp-Ibpw CXv ]t_m-[ cwKOslashvhnj-b-am-deg-cp-sXpartv Xocp-am-n-degp-Ibpw ]kvXpX Xocp-amw 29-˛06-˛2010 not tNiquestpart PwCoslash-Oslashpnot DeamniquesthmlI kan-Xnbpw ]_lsquo IiquestOslashm-degfpw GI-I-WvT-ambn AwKo-I-cn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXp ]kvXpX Xocp-am--Oslashnssbquo hni-Z-amb tImprodn-bmWv CtXm-sSm-prod-ap-asymp-Xv Cu Xocp-amw S-prodnnot hcp-Oslashm-pasymp DOslash-c-hm-ZnOslashw sI Fge FΩnmsWpartv tIcf PwC-oslash-OslashpnotDea Xocp-am-n-reg-Xp-am-Wv

Bb-Xp-sImnev Xmpara-fpsS ]cn-[nbnepasymp ]-t_m-[-I-scbpw aX-hn-Zym-e-b-szlig-fnse A[ym-]-I-scbpwCdegmcyw Adn-bn-degp-Ibpw BbXv S-prodnnot hpartp-shpartvDdprodv hcp-Oslashp-Ibpw sNoslashp-I

Aradicmlp Ap-K-ln-degsacute

F ]n A_vZpnot JmZniquest aue-hnP-dnot skI-acute-dn sI Fge Fw

sI sP bp-hnssbquo Xocp-amw hni-Zo-I-cn-degppartkiquestdegp-eiquest C]-Im-cw

CMYK

CMYK

agekq-den sNΩmSv

2010 Pqsse8

Pnpartv ]nimNv hnj-b-Oslashnnot tIcf PwC-oslash-OslashpnotDe-a-bpsS ne]mSv

aX-]-t_m-[ cwKOslashv Pnpartv ]nim-Nv knlvdv hnj-b-szligƒ GXmpw hiquestj-szlig-fnnot Niquestreg sNoslash-sprod-Sp-IbpwAXv s]mXp-P--szligƒdegn-S-bnnot t]mepw Bi-b-degp-g-prod-szligƒdegv CS-h-cp-Oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp XpSiquestpartv tIcf PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot Deam Cu hnj-b-I-ambn ]eXhW NiquestregsNoslashp-Ibpw _lsquo-sprod- -h-cpsS A- n-]m-b-szligƒ tIƒdegp-Ibpw sNbvXp ]t_m-[--cw-KOslashv kzo-I-cn-tdegne ne-]mSv sI Fge Fw aptJ hyDagger-am-degn-sdegm-Sp-degmpwCu hnj--b-Icambn aiquestlqw apl-ΩZv Aamn auehn]kn-leo-I-cnreg X^vko-dnssbquo mK-szligƒ ]p-]-kn-leo-I-cn-degmpw sI Fge FΩn-tmSv Bh-iy-sprod-Sp-Ibpw sI Fge Fw niquesth-ln-degp-IbpwsNbvXp

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Aradicmlp Ap-K-ln-deg-sacute

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(]-kn-Usbquo v sI sP bp)

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4 F ]n A_vZpnot JmZniquest auehn

(P--dnot skI-acutedn sI Fge Fw)

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 9

2010 Pqsse10

5 Fkv Fw sFZoZv Xszligƒ

(sN-biquestamge sI sP bp Xvhm t_miquestUv)

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aXn Niquestreg sNoslash-ne FpartmWv F ]nA_vZpnot JmZiquest auehn niquesttZ-in-reg-Xv

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A[n-ImcImew Ignbpw hsc

Xmevdegm-en-I-am-bn ac-hn-prodn-

regtXm Fpartv hyDagger-a-radic

knlv-dnv lJo-JOslashv

Dsnepart hcn cnep Iqacuteiquest-

degpw ]nSn -regp -n -e vdegm-

pasymp Xyen-am-Wv A-

ysc D]-Z-hn-degmge

Hcm-ƒ knlvdv sNbv-

Xmnot ]nimNv A-bm-

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prodn-regp-sIm-Sp-degp-sa-partmtWm

Cu lJo-J-Oslashnssbquo AiquestYw kI-

cnoslash Ctprodmgpw ]d-bppartp AsX Fpartv

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deg-fmtWm aqdegp-I-bdnacuteXv ImOslashn-cppartp ImWmw

2010 Pqsse 11

icn-Iƒ t_m[y-sprod-Sp-tordmmƒ bmsXmcp ssha--kyhpwIqSmsX Ahsb kzoI-cn-degp-Ibpw sXpermilp-Iƒ a- n-em-hp-tordmmƒ Fyenv XymKw klnregpw Ah shSn-bp-Ibpw sNoslashpI FpartXv ]mc-XnI cpound epoundy-am-degppart Hmtcm hnizm-kn-bp-sSbpw ASn-yumlm _m[y-X-bm-Wv hniple ]am-W-szlig-fpsS shfn-reg-Oslashnnot Zons X-Xmb coXn-bnnot ]t_m-[w sNoslashp-Ibpw al-Oslashmb B Iiquesta-]-le-Xndegp appartnnotkIe ]tIm-]--szlig-sfbpw ]tem- --szlig-sfbpw XrW-hnotKWn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashppart apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHmtcm ]hiquestOslash-Ipw Cu KpW-szligƒ kzm`m-hn-I-ambpwDnem-th-ne-Xp-am-Wv AOslash-c-Oslashnnot icn-sbpartv nregv Ncnreghgn-bnse Xnsum-Iƒ IsneOslashn Ah-tbmSv hnS-]-d-bmgekm[nreg Hcp hyDaggern-bmWv Cu Ipdn-prodp-Im-cge

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]n sI sambvXoge kpradican

BZiquestiw Aacuten-a-dnregh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-tcmSv hnS

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2010 Pqsse12

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2010 Pqsse 13

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PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot De-am -bnnot Cubp-asymp-hge^Xvhmt_miquestUv saordm-dpw hmZ-]-Xn-hmZw ]Tn-degppart ]fin-X-summ-cpsS D]-tZ-i-Ik-an-Xn-bnse Hcp saordm-dpw-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-partp AOslashcw henb yumlm-szligƒ Hgn-hm-degn-sdegm-nemWvCu kwL-S--bn-tedegv hpart-Xv AXv BZiquesti-Oslashn-p-th-nen-bm-Wv Cu kwL-S--bnnot Cubp-asymp-hge Hcp yumlmhpwAe-para-cn-degp-partn-radic Ωp-sS epoundyw ZAvhOslashm-Wv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bm-pasymp aspermilmcp ImcWw Ah-cn-epasymp XJveoZv(-A-lsquo-amb Ap-I-c-Ww) atm- m-h-am-WvAnot_mn aZvl-_p-Imcpw apermilpasymp Nne aue-hn-amscXJveoZv sNoslashp-part-hcpw AXnnot nc-h-[n-bm-Wv ]tXy-InregvBZiquestiw a- n-em-degmsX Cu ASpOslash ImeOslashv AXn-tedegv hpartn- pasymp sNdp-prod-degm-cn-emWv Cu ]h-WX A[n-Ihpw Inep-h-cp-part-Xv Nne-cpsS XmSn-bpsS of-Oslashnpwapermilp Nne-cpsS ]kw-K-Oslashnse cmK-szligƒdegpw aqf-ep-IƒdegpwAan-X-amb ]m[myw notIn ]acutemordmn `mKOslashv PnreghyDaggern-sb-tprodmepw jmiquestP-bnse ssiJmbn sImnep--S-degp-partp

apPm-lnZv ]yumlmw apordmv ]t_m-[w sNbvXn-cppartandeg-hmdpw Imcy-szligƒdegv Cdegq- iquest FXn-cm-Wv Hcp ]yumlm--Oslashnnot Ahiquest sXpermilp sNoslashp-partn-sradic-paranepw AXnv hfw-sh-regp-sIm-Sp-degp-partXpw sXpermilp sNoslashp-part-Xnp Xpey-am-Wv Iiquesta-im-kvX-]-c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot apordmv Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw kppart-Oslashn-ssbquobpw ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot mw ]hiquestOslashn-regp-t]m-cppart]e Iiquesta-szlig-fnepw amkmyenw hyXym-k-szligƒ hcpOslashn]pXnb Iiquesta-im-kvX-szligƒ cq]-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partpPnpartp-tk-h-Iƒdegpw knlvdv _m[degpw Aan-X-amb]m[myw notIn P-szligsf Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-fnnot Xf-regn-Smge Xoh-iaw S-degp-partp tXrXzw n -lm-bcpw n w-K-cp-ambn tmdegn-nnotdegp-partp COslash-c-samcp Iqacutem-bva-bnnotFsyenmsdeg `uXnI s]men-a-Ifpw ]Xm-kp-Ifpw ]W-sdegm-gpprodpw Dsne-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Ap-K-lhpwimizX hnP-b-Oslashn-pasymp Aiquestl-Xbpw AhnsS Hcn-degepwe`n-degn-radic Aradicmlp cpoundn-deg-sacute

2010 Pqsse14

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse ]nfiquestprodnssbquo ]rsaquom-Oslash-e-Oslashnnot ]apJ ]fin-Xge A_vZp emwkpradic-ansb njvI-cpWw hnaiquestin-degp-part-h-tcmSv thZ-n-degppart a-t m-sSbpwKpW-Imw-pound-tbm-sSbpw Nne Imcy-szligƒ Ipdn-degp-I-bm-Wv

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse ]nfiquestprodnnot BZiquesti]ctamkwL-S-m-]-ctam Bb GsX-paranepw Hcp Niquestreg-bnnot kemw-kp-radic-an-bpsS Hcp ]pkvX-Itam ]kw-Ktam ]pkvI-OslashnseHcp Dplusmn-c-Wntbm hcntbm hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bn- nradic (cnevIq -cp-sSbpw ]_-lsquo-szligƒ ]cn-tim-[n-degp-I)

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apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse Bi-bm-Ziquesti ASn-Oslash-d-bp-ambn _lsquo-sprod v Hacutep-andeg ]pkvX-I-szligfpw Fgp-Xn-bXvkemw-kp-radic-an-bmWv (kp-partn-I-fpsS kXy-[m-c-bnnot Aordm-e-deg-Shv laoZv ss^kn Cu Imcyw Fgp-Xp-partp-nev)

]yumlmw cnembn ]nf-cp-part-Xnv apordmv CradicmOslash GsXmcp ]pXnb hmZ-amWv kemw kpradic-andegv Ctprodm-gp-asympXvFpart Imcyw ]tXyIw ile-biquestln-degp-partntradic

sI Fge Fw tcn v S-Oslashppart FS-hAElig Pman-Abnnot Kh sslkvIqƒ tPmen cmPn-shregv cnev ]Xn-permilm-nen-tesd Imew Xpmdash-amb iordm-f-Oslashnv tPmen sNbvX kemwkpradic-andegv Apartn-radicmOslash hradic ]pXnb hmZhpw ]nparto-Sp-nem-bn- ptnem (A-tplusmn-lsOslash Ahn-sS-npartpw Bcpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bn- n-radic Fpart Imcyw ]tXyIw a- n-em-tdeg-ne-Xn-tradic)

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lm-b-Xns Zpiquest_-e-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-tnem lZokv kzoI-cn-degm-pasymp am-Z-fi-szlig-fnnot Jpiquest-B-

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Cu n_-lsquo--I-sfmsdeg Dkp-eqnot lZo-knssbquo]fin-X-summiquest nrsaquo-bn-reg-Xtradic

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Cu n_-lsquo--Iƒ Dnem-degn-bXv kemw kpradic-an-bm-tWm

kemw kpradic-an-bpsS hniple Jpiquest-Bge hmJymwmev hmfy-szlig-fmbn ]pd-Oslashn-d-szlign-bn v hiquestj-szlig-fmbn (Agehm-dpnot Jpiquest-B-ge) CXnnot GsX-paranepw Bb-Oslashnv apgeIme]fin-X-summiquest GI-I-WvT-ambn yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashnb Hcp ImcysOslash ncm-I-cn-regXpw Zpiquesthym-Jymw S-Oslashn-bXpw Bsc-paranepw Nqnen-degm-Wn-regn- ptnem

Hcp lZokv KŸw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-b-tprodmƒ AXnse apgp-hge lZo-kp-Ifpw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-Ibpw hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bh Nqnen-degm-Wn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-I-b-radicmsXkzyenw ne-bnnot Atplusmnlw GXv lZo-kmWv Xasympn-deg-f-tradeXv

HmiquestdegpI Ch-sbmsdeg ]pd-Oslashn-d-szlign-bXv kwL-Sm]iv-Oslashnv apordmm-bn-cp-partp Aspartmpartpw kpradic-an-bpsStNmcdegv thnen Bcpw InX-bvdegp-partp-nem-bn-cp-partnradic

kwL-S ]nf-cp-part-Xnv apordmpw kemw-kp-radican sIFge FΩnssbquo Xvhm t_miquestUnnot AwK-am-bn-cp-partntradicApartn-radicm-Oslash-sX-yenmWv Cpartv kemw kpradic-an-bn-ep-asympXv

]e hnjbszlig-fnepw temI ]i-kvXcpw njvIma Iiquestan-I-fp-amb ]fin-X-summiquest GIm- n-]m-b-degm-cradic Ah-c-hcva n-em-degnb ]Tw SOslashn ]cn-tim-[nregv tcJ-sprod-Sp-OslashnbImcy-szligƒ ]eXpw hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cp-partp AXnssbquo t]cnnotAhsc mw Fsyenm-sdeg-prod-d-b-Ww

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Jpdm- n-Iƒ Dpart-bn-degppart ]e lZo-kp-Ifpw XssbquoImgvN-prodm-Snnot knnotkne kzlo-l-bnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-OslashnbAnot_m-nsb mw Fyenv sNoslash-Ww

kvXo apJw ad-bvdegWw Fpartv ]dtrade C_vp_mkns mw Fyenv hnfn-deg-Ww

kp_-lndegv JqqOslashv HmXp-partXnv mw hntcm-[-sampartpw ImWp-partn-radic Fspart-gp-Xnb sI Daiquest aue-hnsbmw Fszligs ImWWw

CA-vXn-Zm-ennot ssI scopynnot shdeg-W-sapartv XvhevIppart kpDu-Zn-bnse ke^n ]fin-X-summcpw AXv_nZvOslashm-sW-part-gp-Xnb Anot_m-nbpw temtIm-Oslashc ]fin-X-summ-csradic

Cszligs FX-sbX hnj-b-szligƒ Aev]w amXw lZokv kzoI-cn-regv apgp-hge Imcy-szlig

fpw Jpiquest-B-nssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot aX-n-baw Ioslashm-fnbaZvl-_nssbquo Camw A_q-l-o- sb Bsc-paranepw tXtPm-

i_oiquest FS-degpfwkpradic-ansbISn-regp-Io-dp-part-h-tcmSv

2010 Pqsse 15

h[w sNbvXpthm mb-bpsS Xe H-gn-hm-degn-bmnot _mdegnP sradicpartv ]d-tradeXv kemw-kp-radic-an-b-radictradicm Camw amen-degsradic Fpartnacutepw B ]fin-Xsc mw BZ-cn-degp-partp

Cszligs nc-h-[nkemw-kp-radican kwL-Sm ]iv-Oslashnnot Bcp-a-radicm--bn-cp-

partp AXp-sImnev Xspart Atplusmn-lsOslash Xszlig-fpsS tNcn-bn-tedegv poundWn-degmge t]mbXv Cpartv Atplusmn-lsOslash tAtildePnnotshregv sXmen-s]m-fn-degppart kI-cn-oslashbpw A_vZpiquestd-lvamgeke- nbpw Ccn-th-permiln-bp-sam-sdeg-bm-bn-cp-partp

kzyenw tPmen cmPn-shregv Ckz-vemlo ]yumlm--OslashnvPohnXw kaiquestprodnreg BtcmSpw Hcp bm-ss]-kdegpw uXnIem -Oslashnpw Hpartpw sNoslashm-Oslash Cpartv Xspart ]pe`yw ]d-bp-part-hiquestdegv t]mepw cmXn hfsc sshIn hsc Ccppartvtm v Xoslashm-dmdegn sImSpOslash ]ecpw kwL-S-sb ]nfiquestOslashnsImgpOslashv XSnregv ˛ henb cay liquestay-szlig-fnnot hni-anregvkwL-S--bnnot IpOslashn-Oslashn-cnprodv S-Oslashp-tordmmgpw sNdnb HcpHmSnacute hoacutennot Htck-abw Hcp-]mSv Imcy-szligƒ C-kz-vemlo]yumlm--Oslashnv thnen sNbv-Xp-sIm-nen-cn-degppart kemwkpradican Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Fyenv hogvN-Iƒ hpartn- p-sne-paran-ep-aXv KpWImwpoundtbmsS Nqnen-degm-Wn-degp-part-Xnp ]Icwkpradic-ansb Hpermil-sprod-SpOslashn ISnregp IpS-bp-part-hiquest Hmiquestdegp-I˛

F ]ntbm Sn ]ntbm ]metOslashm Cszligs Hcm-tcm-]-WhpwAtplusmn-l-sOslash-prodpermiln ]d-bp-partnradic Fpart-Xv Hcp Imcyw IqSnBiquestdegpw Jpiquest-Btm lZotkm ]Tnregv ]fin-X-summ-cmhmwAXradic kemw kpradic-ansb Nhnacuten saXn-regn v Xspart-bm-h-W-sa-parannot Aszlig-s-bp-am-hmw kemw kpradic-an-sb BtKmflZokv ]fin-Xge Ifn-bm-degnot S-Oslashn-bmte a-spermilmcp]fin-X-mhq FpartmsWparannot AXp-am-hmw

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]-S-reg-ht Rszlig-fpsS a- nnot hnizm-kn-I-tfmSv]Ibpw hntZz-jhpw D-nem-deg-cptX (B-aoge)

Akokv aue-ho amprodv

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2010 Pqsse16

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2010 Pqsse16

2010 Pqsse 17

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2010 Pqsse 17

2010 Pqsse18

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aspermilmcp npartnprodvtXmhnssbquo DSayumlXbnnot tcsOslash Xspartnehnepnembncppart aspermilmcp ldividev Kqprodnssbquo tXrXzta-spermilSpdegmge CubnSdegv aspermilmcp ]finXge Xacutean v ]Xypound-sprodacuteXpIqSn tNiquestOslashv hmbndegptordmmƒ Aymbamb HcpImcWw ]dtradev ]t_m[cwKOslashv ]XnklsquonIfp-nem-degnbhsc AtX ImcWw Xspart Dddegw sISpOslashppartXvkXymtzjnIƒdegv hensbmcp Xncnregdnhnssbquo tiquest-degmgvNIfmhpIbmWv

Ctprodmƒ kzyendegmcmbtprodmƒ kzImcy ldividev KqprodpI-fpw ldividev Kqprodnssbquo SOslashnprodpImcpsS kwLSm _lsquo-hpw t]cnse kwLSm kmayXbpw HutZymKnI ]knleo-IcWszligfnse ]ckyszligfpw Fradicmw lemembXv GXv a-gelPnssbquo ASnyumlmOslashnemsWpartv kaqltOslashmSv hn-iZoIcndegmge `npartnprodpImiquest _m[yyumlcmWv Anotamiquestldividev skradicns alm]m]amdegn AhXcnprodnregv sF FkvFΩns ]ncnregv hn v kzbw Ahtcm[nXcmb AUvtlm-degnssbquo sshkv ]knUsbquomWv ]Xncopyv hiquestjsOslash ]mcordm-cyw AhImisprodSppart kamyenc Kqprodnssbquo mbIge

adeg Ckzvemlo sksbquodnnot Xmakw hsc hmKvZmwsNoslashppart Kq-prodnssbquo innotprodnbmhsacute AtX AUvtlmdegnseaspermilmcw-Kw ]nfiquestprodnssbquo AWnbdbnnot Gsd hnbiquest-sprodm-gpdegnb t-XmdegfmWv apermilp ldividevKqprodpIfpsSbpw Aac-Oslashv BtcmSv ]dbmge Aaiquestjw tXmpartnbntacutem ymbszligƒncOslashn ]-Xntcm[nregntacutem AregSdeg S]SnsbSpOslashntacutemCu Zpch-yumlbnnot npartpw apJw cpoundndegmge Ignbnsradicpartvt-XrXzw Xncnregdnbppartpnev B XncnregdnhmWv kamyen-cdegmcpsS Duiquestdividehpw XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv ]n-partnnot ]hiquest-Oslashnreg AhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart ]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmge t]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXv kzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmw NnradicpIqacutenemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

NpcpdegOslashnnot Ckzvemlo tXmdegfpsSbpw ]hiquestOslash-I-cpsSbpsamsdeg klIcWtOslashmsSbpw ]paramfnOslashtOslashm-sSbpw Sdegppart sumIsf kwLSm kmtparaXnIXzszlig-fpsS t]cnepw kzmiquestinfin Xmnot]cyszligƒdegmbpw XpcparawshdegpIbpw KpcpXcamb ]XnklsquonIƒdegnSbmdegppartA]Iz odegszligfntedegv bndegpIbpw sNbvXhiquestdegv C-szligns ]eXpw tcntSnen hcpw Hcp apPmlnZv ]-finXgeGsXparanepw ldividev Kqprodnssbquo mbIcm-hp-partXnnot sumImWmge XoslashmdmhmOslashhiquest AXnssbquo t]cnnot alOslashm-sbmcp ]yumlmOslashnnot hnasympepnemdegnbhiquest AtXhnjbOslashnnot XethZbp`hndegppartXv sImnev amX-amWv ]cmarbdquo ldividev KqprodpIƒ ChnsS hnjbamhppartXv`npartnprodv tXrXzOslashnssbquo CcacuteOslashmprodpw Im]Syhpw XpdpartvImWndegppart qdp IWdegnv XncnregSnIfnnot ldividev Kqprodpwkzm`mhnIambpw Dƒsprodsacutepartv amXw _lpamsprodacute F]o Aszligv Cnsbparanepw ]dbpI kwLSm ]nfiquestprodnmbnnszligƒ Apartv Dpartbnreg Hmtcm Imcyszligfpw Hcndegnot IqSnkaqlOslashnv appartnnot AhXcnprodndegmge nszligƒdegmhptamAsradicparannot CddegpaXn BZiquestidegmcpsS KqUmtemN-bnepw oNIrXyszligfnepw ]paramfnbmbXnssbquo t]cnnot HcpXncpsOslashparanepw Xmparafnnot npartv ]Xopoundndegmtam BZ-iquesti]cambpw kwLSm]cambpw HmtcmcpOslashcpw XndegvtXmpartnb t]mse hnfbmSppart Hcp IpfOslashnssbquo Imhnot-Itkctbdegmƒ Aeparamchpw AwKoImchpw AXnmbn-cndegpsapartv addegmXncndegpI

XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv]n-partnnot ]hiquest-OslashnregAhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmget]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXvkzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmwNnradicpIq nemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

2010 Pqsse 19

iniquestdegv alm-]m-]-am-sWpartpw hradic-hpw iniquestdegv sN-bvXmnot Ahge Atszlig-bpermilw hgn-]n-g-regp-t]mbhm-sWpartpwhm-tem-I-Oslashp-npartv Xmtgm- p-ho-W-h-s-tprodm-se-bm-sWpartpwhniple Jpiquest-Bge ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Fpartmnot Rszligƒ iniquest-degv sNoslashp-partn-sradic-partmWv Ahiquest hmZn-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Jpiquest-Bge iniquestdegm-sWpartv hyDagger-am-degnb Imcy-szligƒJpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kp-I-fp-sSbpw shfn-reg-Oslashnnot apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaiquestYn-degp-tordmmƒ Rszlig-fpsS t]cnnot iniquestdegm-tcm-]Ww S-Oslashp-I-bmWv nszlig-sfpartv ka-kvX(-Im-yen-]pcw -C sI hn`m-K-szligƒ) kwyumlm kppartnbpw apermilpkppartn-hn- m--K-szligfpw ]N-fi-amb ]Nm-cWw S-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partp

GsX-paranepw hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegv Btcm-]n-degp-part-Xp-sImnev apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒdegv ]tXy-Inregv Hcp tacutehpw e`n-degm-n-radic Fpartmnot iniquestdegv GXv cq]-Oslashnnot Fhn-sS-npartvIS-partp-h-partmepw AXv iniquestdegm-sWpartv Xpd-partp-]-d-bm-pasympBiquestPhw apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ImWn-degm-dp-nev

iniquestdegnssbquo niquesth-Nw ]mam-Wn-I-K-Ÿ-szlig-fnepwka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnepw

Dpart-X-mb Aradicm-lp-hnv ]parap-Im-cs yumlm]n-degp-part-Xn-mWv iniquestsdegpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnnot Cpart hyDaggern]parap-tNiquestOslashp-shpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sm-dp-nev AXv Gpermilhpw henbAhn-izm-k-amWv (Anot ap vcZmOslashv t]Pv 259)

hnK-l-szligsf Bcm-[n-degnot amX-aradic iniquestdegv Fpartmnot]Xm-]-im-en-bmb nssbquo cpoundn-Xm-hnssbquo IqsS Ahge Hgn-sI-bp-asymp-Xns o sXc-strade-Sp-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (^p-Xq-lpnot ssKz_v aJme 7)

iniquestdegv sNoslashpI Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegvBcm-[--biquestprodn-degemWv bYmiquestY-Oslashnnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hge Bcm-[n-deg-sprod-Smge ]permilp-I-bn-radic (X vkodpnot I_oiquesthC-ZvJme epJvamge Fpart Bb-Oslashnssbquo hni-Zo-I-c-Ww)

temI apkvenw-Iƒ AwKo-I-cn-degppart KŸ-szlig-fnse C_m-d-Oslashp-I-fmWv apI-fnnot Dle-cn-reg-Xv Fpartmnot Xszligƒ sNoslashppart iniquestdegn-s- -iniquestdeg-sradicpartv ]dtradev ymbo-I-cn-degppartka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopound-W-szligƒ IqSn ImWp-I

Hcp hyDaggern Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degp-tordmmƒ amXtainiquestdegv hcp-partp-asympq Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv kzbw Ign-hp-snepartv hniz-kn-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (sIm- -prodpdw kwhmZw166 H Fw Xcp-h-W)

Bcm-[--degiquestl-mbn Aradicm-lpsh-tprodmse apermilp ]eXpwDsne-partpasymp hnizm-kw CXn-mWv iniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sp-partXv (Ciquestim-Zpnot C_m-Zv- -a-e-bmf ]cn- mj t]Pv 29 FwFw Cordmn-regn-tdegmb apkveymiquest)

tmdegp-I ka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopoundWOslashnnot HcphyDaggern acn-regmepw Csradic-paranepw Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-knregv

F A_vZpnotAkokv aZn

iniquestdegvBtcm-]-Wtam bmYmiquestYytam

Atplusmn-l-tOslashmSv ]miquestYn-regmte iniquestdegv hcn-I-bp-asympq A]-Imcw Xspart kzbw Ignhv B hnfn-deg-sprod-Sppart BƒdegvDsnepartv hniz-kn-regmte iniquestdegm-hp-I-bp-asympq FX hnNn-X-amb Hcp hopound-W-am-WnXv Jpiquest-Bpw ap - n-dp-Ifpw]hm-N-Ige(k)-bpsS lZo-kp-Ifpw Cu hmZsOslash Jfin-degp-partp o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa nszligƒ hnfnregv]m-iquest-Yn-degppart nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Isfprodpermiln nszligƒ Nnyennregvtmdegp-I Cu qan-bnnot Fyenm-W-hiquest krjvSn-regn- p-asymp-sXpartvnszligƒ Fndegv ImWn-regp-X-cn-I AX-radic BIm-i-szlig-fnnotAhiquestdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem AX-radic mw Ahiquestdegv hradic-K-Ÿhpw notIn-bn v AXnnot npartpasymp sXfn-h-p-k-cn-regmtWmAhiquest ne-sIm-asympp-partXv Fpartmnot AI-a-Im-cn-IƒAtymyw hmKvZmw sNoslashp-partXv hcopy--am-X-am-Ip-partp(^m-Xzniquest 40)

Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

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ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

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CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

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IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

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1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

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4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

d_o-Dnot Ahnot amk-Oslashnnot DZn-prodn-reg-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege Xspart-bp-a-radic kiquesth-tem-I-szligfpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnpapordmmbn Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]Imiw (qiquest) Dnem-degp-Ibpw]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv ma-I-cWwsNbvX-h-p-am-b-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege CXm-Wn-XnssbquoAiquestYw ]spound hniple Jpiquest-B-n-s XInSw adn-degm-pasymp ia-Oslashnssbquo mK-ambpasymp Hcp Ap-I-c-W-am-Wn-hnsSImWp-part-Xv Jpiquest-B-nse kqd-Oslashpnot Ckvdm-Cse Hpartm-asOslash BbOslashpw ageIqkv auen-Znssbquo BZysOslash Cuhmdegp-Ifpw a- n-cpOslashn Hpartv hmbnregp tmdegq XnIregpwJpiquest-B-n-tmSv InS-]n-Sn-degm-pasymp KqV iaw AXnnot Hfn-tradep-In-S-degp-part-Xmbn t_m-[y-sprod-Spw AsX Jpiquest-Bge hN--szligsftprodmse sIacuten-degq-acuten-bp-nemdegn _n(-k)-bpsSaZvlmWv ]d-bp-part-sXpartv hymtP CkvemansOslashspart Ifn-bm-degp-I-bm-Wn-hiquest Aszlig-s-bm-W-hiquest t]Sn-kz]vszligfpwDddegw sISp-Oslashn-I-fp-am-b-Xv kiquesth-tem-Iszlig-sfbpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnp apordmv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-bpsS Hfnhv (qiquest)krjvSn-regp-nem-degn-sbpartpw ]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hmWv ma-I-cWw sNbvX-sX-partp-amWvaueq-Zp-Im-cge Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)bpsSPw Dnem-b-tprodm-tgdegpw ]nXm-hmb A_vZpradic ac-W-sprod-acuten-cp-partp-shpartpw Aszligs Ipacutendegv apl-ΩZv Fpartv t]cp-hn-fn-regXv ]nXm-a-l-mb A_vZpnot apOslash-en-_m-sWpartpamWvNcnXkXyw Cu aueqZv A]qiquestW-a-sradic-parante Acurrenp-X-ap-asympq Asradic-paranepw cN-bn-Xmhv Bsc-part-dn-bmOslash Ipprod-IƒIb-permilnb Iprod-e-sradic apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mbnntbm-Knreg tijw Ah-X-cn-prodn-reg Jpiquest-B-nnot BZysOslashap-jy-kr-jvSn-bmbn BZ-an-s-bmWv ]cn-N-b-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-part-Xv Fpartmnot aueo-Znnot apl-ΩZv _n-bpsS ]Im-ihpwCOslashcw A_-le-szlig-ƒ ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hmge Imordm-bn-p-I-fp-nem-degp-parthiquest kppartOslashpPam-AOslashv CsXmpartpw icn-b-sradicpartp]d-bp-part-hiquest Zonssbquo ]pdOslashv Fsyenmcp sXmen-degacuten

apeqZv XpScmw h AJvd-Plp ^o BJn-cn- -amnIam Jplusmnd h A_vZm AiquestYw Atplusmn-lsOslash AradicmlpCu Ah-km--Im-e-L- -Oslashnnot AhgeI-degmdegn nrsaquonreg]Imcw ChnsS sImnep-h-partp IqSm-sX h Anot_-klpJnnotAOslashnot Pam-en-radicXo ew bpnot_nkvlm Al-ZmAsX Atplusmn-lsOslash Ahge Ae-param-c-Oslashnssbquo hkvX-szlig-fnnot npartpw apermilm-scbpw [cn-prodn-regn- n-radicm-OslashXv [cn-prodn-degp-IbpwsNbvXp tmdegpI kXy-hp-ambn CXnpartv hradic _lsquo-hp-aptnem Aradicmlp ap-jy-cnnot Gpermil-hp-a-[nIw wKn evIn-bXv bqkp v(A) _n-degm-Wv Fpartmnot ChnsS ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n-bm-sWpartpw Icp-Xn-degqacuten pW-Iƒniquestan-regp-nemdegn Ah-X-cn-prodn-regXv ]mSn S-degm-pasymp Ch-cpsS Niquesta Lw A]mcw Xspart

hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

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Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an-bpsS aspermilmcp ]Xn-prodmbn sF

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

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(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

iwkp-plusmnoge ]me-tdegmSv

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2010 Pqsse30

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b-I-am-sb-parannot

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kv]c hncp-le-am-Ippart Ap- hw Pam-AOslashv ]miquest n-bpsS Pn-XI LS--bpsS

`mK-ambn amdp-I-bm-Wv

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 7

F A_vZp- emw kpradican

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-IcpwlZokv ntj-[hpw

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pw da-fm-nnot Hcp Znhkw bmsXmcp Cfhpw tcmKhpwCradicmsX tmordmv apdn-regmnot Hcp amkw apgphge Ahgetmordm-p-jvTn-regmepw AXnv ]I-c-am-hp-I-bn-radic (_p-Jm-cn-bpsS A-A-veo-Jv C_vp Jp-ssk-a Xniquestan-Zn C_vp-am-P A_q-Zm-hq-Zv Alva-Zv Zmcn-an) da-Zmge amk-tOslashmSvASpOslash amk-Oslashnepw da-Zm-nepw ]kn-leo-I-cnreg andegAnot-a-m-dnepw Cu lZokv Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXpImWmw DZm Anot-a-miquest amkn-I 1985 Pq apJ-]-kwKw˛ t]Pv 3) C_vp Jpssk-a(-d) A_q-Zm-hq-Zv Alva-ZvZmcnan apX-em-b-hiquest Cu lZo-kns yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partpanivIm-Oslashnssbquo id-lnepw lZo-kns ]fin-tXm-NnXwyumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) Xssbquo Pman-Dnot kzKo-dnepw Cu lZo-kv Dle-cn-degppartp (lZokv 8492) tijwlZo-kns yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Fpartmnot tUm sI sIkI-cnoslashm kzemln Cu lZo-kns Zpiquest_-e-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp(Anot--a-miquest amknI 2004 Unkw_iquest) Ctplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo niquesth-N ]Imcw Xspart Ctplusmnlw lZokv ntj-[n-bm-Ip-partp

Anot-_mnbpw lZo-kns Zpiqueste-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Atplusmn-lhpwCh-cpsS am-Z-fi-Oslashnnot lZokv ntj[n Xspart

hnjbw 3alm-dn_v(d) nthZw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge ]d-bp

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ΩpsS ]gb Anota-m-dnssbquo [mcmfw edeg-szlig-fnnot CulZo-kns kzlo-lm-degp-partp C_vp ssXan-oslash (d)-C-Xnssbquo]c-ordm-cbpw Bi-bhpw kzlo-lm-sWpartv ]d-bp-partp Camwlmdegnapw Camw Zl-_n(-d)bpw lZo-kns kzlo-lm-degp-partp anivIm-Oslashnssbquo hymJym--KŸ-amb aniquestJm-Xnnot lZo-knssbquo Bi-bhpw ]c-ordm-cbpw kzlo-lm-Wpartv yumlm]n-degppartp sI sI kI-cnoslash lZo-kns Zpiquest_-e-am-Ip-hmgeDpart-bn-degppart Zpiquesthym-Jym--szligƒdegv C_vpOslashoan oslash(d) adp-]Sn FgpXp-partp (aPvaqAv ^Xmhm 38- 21) CXp-t]mseaniquestJm-Oslashnepw adp-]Sn ]d-bp-partp (aniquestJmOslashv 3˛475)

A_q lna

Pnpartv knlvdv ]pXnb Xocp-amwaqdegp-I-b-dn- -Xm-sc

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sI Fge Fw Pnradicm afi-ew imJ skI-acute-dn-amiquestdegv

amy-tc A -emap Assedegpw

aX-]-t_m-[ cwKOslashv Pnpartv ]nim-Nv hnjbwhiquestj-szlig-fmbn Niquestreg sNoslash-sprod-Sp-Ibpw AXv P-szligƒdegn-S-bnnot ]tXy-Inregv s]mXpP-szligƒdegn-S-bnnot Bi-b--degp-g-prod-ap-nem-degp-Ibpw sNoslashppart kml-N-cy-Oslashnnot PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot Dea ]kvXpX hnjbw Niquestreg-sdeg-Sp-degp-I-bm-bn-cp-partp 10-˛04-˛2007 apXnot B ]Inb Bcw-`n-regn-acutep-nevPwC-oslash-Oslashpnot Dea ]Xn-n-[n-Iƒ (Pw-C-oslash-Oslashpnot Dea]kn-Usbquo v skI-acute-dn tIcf Zvh-Oslashpnot apPm-ln-Zoge]kn-Usbquo v P-dnot skI-acute-dn ^Xvhm t_miquestUvsNbiquestamge) ]t_m-[ cwKOslashv tIc-f-Oslashn-sem-acutemsInd-tradep-n-evdegppart hyDaggern-Xz-szligsf hnfnregv Niquestreg S-

Oslashp-Ibpw Ah-cnnot npartv ]_-lsquo-szligƒ tiJ-cn-degp-IbpwAXv ]T--hn-t[-b-am-degnb tijw _lsquo-sprod-acute-h-cp-ambnhonepw Niquestreg S-Oslashp-Ibpw CXv ]t_m-[ cwKOslashvhnj-b-am-deg-cp-sXpartv Xocp-am-n-degp-Ibpw ]kvXpX Xocp-amw 29-˛06-˛2010 not tNiquestpart PwCoslash-Oslashpnot DeamniquesthmlI kan-Xnbpw ]_lsquo IiquestOslashm-degfpw GI-I-WvT-ambn AwKo-I-cn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXp ]kvXpX Xocp-am--Oslashnssbquo hni-Z-amb tImprodn-bmWv CtXm-sSm-prod-ap-asymp-Xv Cu Xocp-amw S-prodnnot hcp-Oslashm-pasymp DOslash-c-hm-ZnOslashw sI Fge FΩnmsWpartv tIcf PwC-oslash-OslashpnotDea Xocp-am-n-reg-Xp-am-Wv

Bb-Xp-sImnev Xmpara-fpsS ]cn-[nbnepasymp ]-t_m-[-I-scbpw aX-hn-Zym-e-b-szlig-fnse A[ym-]-I-scbpwCdegmcyw Adn-bn-degp-Ibpw BbXv S-prodnnot hpartp-shpartvDdprodv hcp-Oslashp-Ibpw sNoslashp-I

Aradicmlp Ap-K-ln-degsacute

F ]n A_vZpnot JmZniquest aue-hnP-dnot skI-acute-dn sI Fge Fw

sI sP bp-hnssbquo Xocp-amw hni-Zo-I-cn-degppartkiquestdegp-eiquest C]-Im-cw

CMYK

CMYK

agekq-den sNΩmSv

2010 Pqsse8

Pnpartv ]nimNv hnj-b-Oslashnnot tIcf PwC-oslash-OslashpnotDe-a-bpsS ne]mSv

aX-]-t_m-[ cwKOslashv Pnpartv ]nim-Nv knlvdv hnj-b-szligƒ GXmpw hiquestj-szlig-fnnot Niquestreg sNoslash-sprod-Sp-IbpwAXv s]mXp-P--szligƒdegn-S-bnnot t]mepw Bi-b-degp-g-prod-szligƒdegv CS-h-cp-Oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp XpSiquestpartv tIcf PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot Deam Cu hnj-b-I-ambn ]eXhW NiquestregsNoslashp-Ibpw _lsquo-sprod- -h-cpsS A- n-]m-b-szligƒ tIƒdegp-Ibpw sNbvXp ]t_m-[--cw-KOslashv kzo-I-cn-tdegne ne-]mSv sI Fge Fw aptJ hyDagger-am-degn-sdegm-Sp-degmpwCu hnj--b-Icambn aiquestlqw apl-ΩZv Aamn auehn]kn-leo-I-cnreg X^vko-dnssbquo mK-szligƒ ]p-]-kn-leo-I-cn-degmpw sI Fge FΩn-tmSv Bh-iy-sprod-Sp-Ibpw sI Fge Fw niquesth-ln-degp-IbpwsNbvXp

Fpartmnot ]npartoSv ]kvXpXhnj-b-szlig-sf-prodpermiln KpW-I-c-a-radicmOslash Niquestreg-Iƒ ]t_m-[cwKOslashv hym]n-regpAtprodmƒ sI sP bp CXvkw_-lsquonregp Niquestreg sNbvXp]_-lsquo-szligƒ poundWn-degp-IbpwAXnnot Xocp-am--sa-Sp-degmge sIsP bp sI Fge Fw ]kn-Usbquo vskI-acute-dn-amcpw ^Xvh t_miquestUvsNbiquestampw Dƒsdegm-asympppart HcqPqdnsb sXc-strade-Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpPqdn-bpsS apordmnnot e`nreg cnev ]_-lsquo-szligfpw khn-kvXcw ]Tn-reg-tijw ]_-lsquo-IiquestOslashm-deg-fp-ambn ]tXyIw Niquestreg sNbvXpAXnnot npartv Rszligƒ FOslashn-tregiquestpart Imcy-szligƒ

1 sshfraslm-nIw ]nim-Nn-ssbquobpw Pnpartn-ssbquobpw AkvXnXzw ntj-[n-degppart Hpermil-sprodacute hyDaggern-I-sfbpw Ipoundn-I-sfbpw Ncn-X-Oslashnnot ImWm-sa-paranepwhniple Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw Xncp-kp-part-Oslashn-ssbquobpw ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Ahiquest Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-I-fm-sWpartpwAh-bpsS AkvXn-Xzhpw ]Ir-Xnbpw Ah-degp-snepartpwap-jysc iniquestdegv Ip^vdv _nZv-A-Oslashv aA-vkn-bOslashvt]mep-asymp-Xn-tedegv poundWnregv hgn-tI-Sn-emdegn c-I-Oslashn-tedegv bn-degpI Fpart-XmWv ]nim-Nnssbquo epoundy-sapartpwAXn-pasymp Xyen-szligfpw coXn-Ifpw Ahge Akq-XWwsNbvXv ap-jys mm- mK-Oslashp-npartpw hebw sNbvXp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-sapartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw XmdegoXvsNbvXn-acutep-nev Ahssbquo D]-Z-h-szligfpw hkvhm-kp-IfpwtIhew tXmpart-e-sradicpartpw AXp-sImnepXspart Ah-spart-Xnsc PmKX ssIsdegm-asymp-W-sapartpw Jpiquest-BpwkppartOslashpw Ap-im-kn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-X-Oslashnnot Aradicm-lp-hns ]cn-]qiquestW-ambn Ah-ew-_n-degnot ]nim-Nnnotnpartv Ah-tmSv cpound tXSnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dkqnot]Tn-prodn-reg ZnIvdv ZpB-Iƒ PohnXOslashnnot ]Xn-hm-deg-nothniple Jpiquest-B-nse BbOslashpnot Ipiquestkn apA∆n-Z-ssOslash-n t]mep-asymph lZo-knnot hpart t]mse Ap-jvTn-degnot XpS-szlignb ]nim-Nnnot npartpasymp cpoundm-amiquestKwkzoI-cn-degnot Hmtcm apkven-an-ssbquobpw _m[y-X-bm-WvFpartmnot ]nim-Nnssbquo t]cnnot kaq-l-Oslashnnot ]N-cn-prodn-regn-

acutepasymp Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szligƒ NqjWw sNbvXp-sImnevss]im-NnI D]-Z-h-szlig-fnnot partv cpound-tX-Sm-spartt]cnnot Ddp-degv ayenw Ge- v qev tlmaw Fpartn-XymXn NnInrsquom coXn-Isf Ckvemw n-tcm-[n-degp-partptcmK-i-a--Oslashnp acppartv D]-tbm-Knregv NnIn-rsquon-degp-IbpwAradicm-lp-hn-tmSv ]miquest-Yn-degp-Ibpw thW-sapartmWv ]hm-N-Ige ]-Tn-prodn-reg-n- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot sshZy--im-kvX-OslashntemaX-Oslashntem -A-h-Km-l-an-radicmOslash Nne-bm-fp-Iƒ Pnpartv˛]nim-Np-degfpsS D]-Z--h-Oslashnnot npartv tcmKn-Isf -c--poundn-

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2 kwL-Sm]cw Fpartmnot ]t_m-[ cwKOslashv CXv Hcp hnj-b-ambn Niquestreg sNoslash-

cp-sXpartpw Ckz-vemln ]hiquestOslash-Icpw ]t_m-[-IcpwCXn-mbn Xiquestdeg-Oslashn-teiquestsprod-Sp-Ibpw kabw sNe-h-gn-degp-Ibpw sNoslash-cp-sXpartpw niquesttZ-in-degp-partp ]t_m-[hnj-b-szlig-fnnot apge-K-W sImSp-tdegne Imcy-szlig-fnnotke-^p- zm-en-lp-I-fpsS amXrI mw ]ngeXp-S-c-W-sapartpw ]k-Dagger-szlig-f-radicm-OslashXpw Bi-b-degp-g-prod-Oslashnp CS-h-cp-Oslashp-part-Xp-amb Imcy-szligƒ s]mXp-P a[y-OslashnnotAh-X-cn-prodn-deg-cp-sX-partpw DWiquestOslashp-partp

Aradicmlp Ap-K-ln-deg-sacute

Sn sI aplvbp-plusmnoge Dacn (H-prodv)

(]-kn-Usbquo v sI sP bp)

2 Fw apl-ΩZv aZn

(sk-I-acute-dn sI sP bp)

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(]-kn-Usbquo v sI Fge Fw)

4 F ]n A_vZpnot JmZniquest auehn

(P--dnot skI-acutedn sI Fge Fw)

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 9

2010 Pqsse10

5 Fkv Fw sFZoZv Xszligƒ

(sN-biquestamge sI sP bp Xvhm t_miquestUv)

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BZiquestiOslashnpw ]yumlm-Oslashnpw thnen PohnXw kaiquestprodnreg]finXscbpw ]hiquest-OslashIscbpw lZoYvntj[nIfpw Ckvemanp ]pdOslashvt]mbhcpambn NnXoIcnregXvPnpartv knlvdv hnjb-szligfn-se Alsquo-hnizmk ]N-cWsOslash FXniquestOslashpt]mpartXnssbquo t]cnem-bncppartp ange_dpIfnepwt]PpIfnepw tAtildePpIfnepwBZcWob ]finXsc ISn-regp IodpIbpw tXtPmh[w S-OslashpIbpw sNbvXtprodmgpw Zo--npthnen XymtKmdivideze t]mcmacutewSOslashnb Hcp ]yumlm-Oslashnssbquoss]--XrIhpw ]mcordmcyhpw kwc-poundndegmge IqSnbpff Hcp t]mcmacutesapartne-degv mw Ah AhKWnregptIacutemeddegppart sXdnhnfnIƒdegpw a vodppart IpOslashphmdegpIƒdegpw A]-hmZ]NcWszligƒdegpw hymPmtcm-]Wszligƒ-degpw apSdegepIƒdegpw aiquestplusmn-szligƒIpw Sp-hnnot mw ]miquestinfintbmsS ]nSnregp npartXv a-lOslashmb BZiquesti kwcpoundWOslashnp thnenamXambncppartp Aparthsdegmsdeg IpS]nSnregvsImS-pOslashhiquestdegv Xspart Cpartv Aradicmlphnssbquo A-pKlOslashmnot Xncnregdnhpnembncndegppartp

GXmbmepw 2007 not CX Kuc-h-ambn ]TwXpSszlign aqpartv hiquestjw nc-yen-c-ambn Niquestreg-Iƒ Ac-tszlig-dp-tordmmgpw Pnpartp-Iq-Sepw ASn-regn-d-degepw FXn-cm-fn-Isf

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Sp-Oslash-Xvkmnotth-j-nse B Kw`oc tNmtZym-

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tj[w () amXamWn-hnSpsOslash]iv-sapartpw KiquestPnreg

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Cu kiquestdegp-e-dp-sapartv BZiquest-i kvtln-I-ƒ ymb-ambpw

kwi-bn-degp-partp ImcWw Cukiquestdegp-eiquest ^b-ennot kqpoundnregmnot

aXn Niquestreg sNoslash-ne FpartmWv F ]nA_vZpnot JmZiquest auehn niquesttZ-in-reg-Xv

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amX-a-radic Pnpartv ap-jy-i-co-c-Oslashnnot Ib-dn-degq-Spw acn-regp-h-cp-sSbpw hntZ-i-Oslashp-asymp-h-cp-sSbpw cq]-Oslashnnot ]Xy-pound-sprod-Spw ap-jy-kvXo-I-fp-ambn ssewKnI _lsquow]peiquest-Oslashpw Ahiquestdegv ap-jy-cnnot Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-Ipw Pnpartv ap-jyv tcmK-apnemdegpw XpSszlignb qdv IW-degnvhnIe hmZ-szligƒ Zpiquest_-e-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-btXm AtXm Cu Hprodp-Im-cpsS

A[n-ImcImew Ignbpw hsc

Xmevdegm-en-I-am-bn ac-hn-prodn-

regtXm Fpartv hyDagger-a-radic

knlv-dnv lJo-JOslashv

Dsnepart hcn cnep Iqacuteiquest-

degpw ]nSn -regp -n -e vdegm-

pasymp Xyen-am-Wv A-

ysc D]-Z-hn-degmge

Hcm-ƒ knlvdv sNbv-

Xmnot ]nimNv A-bm-

-fpsS Dtplusmniw km[n-

prodn-regp-sIm-Sp-degp-sa-partmtWm

Cu lJo-J-Oslashnssbquo AiquestYw kI-

cnoslash Ctprodmgpw ]d-bppartp AsX Fpartv

F ]nbm-Isacute Ahy-Dagger-amb adp-]-Sn-bn-eqsS

cpound-sprod-Sp-partp Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot kdeg-cn-oslashm-degsf HutZym-

Kn-deg-I-degm-cm-tWm AtXm HutZym-Kn-I-degmsc kI-cn-oslashm-

deg-fmtWm aqdegp-I-bdnacuteXv ImOslashn-cppartp ImWmw

2010 Pqsse 11

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degpasymp XS- -am-h-cp-X-tradicm

2010 Pqsse12

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Biquest Fw tdmUv tImgn-tdegmSv 2t^muml 9447232531 9633010100

AnotCkzvemlv

2010 Pqsse 13

cnemw t]Pnnot knlvdpw ItAEligdpw en-degp-I-bnradic Fpartvapordmv Atplusmnlw ]kw-Kn-regn-cp-part-Xmbn tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-nev Ctprodmƒ Atplusmnlw ]d-tradep--S-degp-partXv AXn-spart-Xn-cm-Wv AXnssbquo Bdmw t]Pnnot Pnpartp-Iƒ ap-jy-i-co-c-OslashnnotIb-dn-degq-Sn-bmnot AXnv NnIn-rsquo--SOslashmw Fpartpw tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-nev ]qiquestho-I-Im-e-L- -szlig-fnnot ]e ]ptcm-ln-X-summcpw knle-summcpw bph-Xn-Isf Pnpartn-d-degmgethnen Ccp-acutep-ap-dn-degp-asympnnot ]th-in-prodnregv ]oUn-prodn-degm-dp-nem-bn-cp-partpCkvemlo ]yumlmw hfsc apordmp-Xspart COslashcw Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-sfbpw Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw FXniquestOslashp-t]m-part-Xm-Wv CXnssbquo Hsdeg CS-bn-emWv aspermilmcp BZiquesti-hy-Xn-bm--kw- hw Ziquestin-degp-part-Xv AYhm nregv Hm v SqOslashv Ub-d-IvSiquest Zpss_ ssiJnssbquo Nmh-Sn-b-yenn-c-Oslashnnot ]spara-Sp-Oslash-Xmbn t^mtacutem klnXw ImWm-n-S-bm-bn CXpw h-bm-Ym-yumln-I-cpsS Im]Syw a- n-em-degmge Imc-W-am-bn Bsc-paranepw iniquestdegp-Iƒtdegm _nZv-A-Oslashp-Iƒtdegm ]nyenpWnotIn-b-Xp-sIm-neradic Cubp-asymp-hge kwL-S--hn- -Xv adn-regv COslashcw XvhIfpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw S-Oslashn-bn v kwL-S Ahsc tNmZyw sNoslashp-I-t]m-epw-sN-oslashmsX n w-KX]men-degp-IbmWv sNbvX-Xv AXp-sIm-nem-Wv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-trade-Xv

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tXrXzw ]cn-an-X-am-Ipw ]ikvXn jvS-sprod-Spw Ah-kmw ac-W-Oslashn-p-ap-ordmp-X-spart tXr-Ip-prodmbw Agn-regp-sh-tdeg-nen-h-cpw

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apPm-lnZv ]yumlmw apordmv ]t_m-[w sNbvXn-cppartandeg-hmdpw Imcy-szligƒdegv Cdegq- iquest FXn-cm-Wv Hcp ]yumlm--Oslashnnot Ahiquest sXpermilp sNoslashp-partn-sradic-paranepw AXnv hfw-sh-regp-sIm-Sp-degp-partXpw sXpermilp sNoslashp-part-Xnp Xpey-am-Wv Iiquesta-im-kvX-]-c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot apordmv Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw kppart-Oslashn-ssbquobpw ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot mw ]hiquestOslashn-regp-t]m-cppart]e Iiquesta-szlig-fnepw amkmyenw hyXym-k-szligƒ hcpOslashn]pXnb Iiquesta-im-kvX-szligƒ cq]-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partpPnpartp-tk-h-Iƒdegpw knlvdv _m[degpw Aan-X-amb]m[myw notIn P-szligsf Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-fnnot Xf-regn-Smge Xoh-iaw S-degp-partp tXrXzw n -lm-bcpw n w-K-cp-ambn tmdegn-nnotdegp-partp COslash-c-samcp Iqacutem-bva-bnnotFsyenmsdeg `uXnI s]men-a-Ifpw ]Xm-kp-Ifpw ]W-sdegm-gpprodpw Dsne-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Ap-K-lhpwimizX hnP-b-Oslashn-pasymp Aiquestl-Xbpw AhnsS Hcn-degepwe`n-degn-radic Aradicmlp cpoundn-deg-sacute

2010 Pqsse14

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse ]nfiquestprodnssbquo ]rsaquom-Oslash-e-Oslashnnot ]apJ ]fin-Xge A_vZp emwkpradic-ansb njvI-cpWw hnaiquestin-degp-part-h-tcmSv thZ-n-degppart a-t m-sSbpwKpW-Imw-pound-tbm-sSbpw Nne Imcy-szligƒ Ipdn-degp-I-bm-Wv

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apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse Bi-bm-Ziquesti ASn-Oslash-d-bp-ambn _lsquo-sprod v Hacutep-andeg ]pkvX-I-szligfpw Fgp-Xn-bXvkemw-kp-radic-an-bmWv (kp-partn-I-fpsS kXy-[m-c-bnnot Aordm-e-deg-Shv laoZv ss^kn Cu Imcyw Fgp-Xp-partp-nev)

]yumlmw cnembn ]nf-cp-part-Xnv apordmv CradicmOslash GsXmcp ]pXnb hmZ-amWv kemw kpradic-andegv Ctprodm-gp-asympXvFpart Imcyw ]tXyIw ile-biquestln-degp-partntradic

sI Fge Fw tcn v S-Oslashppart FS-hAElig Pman-Abnnot Kh sslkvIqƒ tPmen cmPn-shregv cnev ]Xn-permilm-nen-tesd Imew Xpmdash-amb iordm-f-Oslashnv tPmen sNbvX kemwkpradic-andegv Apartn-radicmOslash hradic ]pXnb hmZhpw ]nparto-Sp-nem-bn- ptnem (A-tplusmn-lsOslash Ahn-sS-npartpw Bcpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bn- n-radic Fpart Imcyw ]tXyIw a- n-em-tdeg-ne-Xn-tradic)

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Cu n_-lsquo--I-sfmsdeg Dkp-eqnot lZo-knssbquo]fin-X-summiquest nrsaquo-bn-reg-Xtradic

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Cu n_-lsquo--Iƒ Dnem-degn-bXv kemw kpradic-an-bm-tWm

kemw kpradic-an-bpsS hniple Jpiquest-Bge hmJymwmev hmfy-szlig-fmbn ]pd-Oslashn-d-szlign-bn v hiquestj-szlig-fmbn (Agehm-dpnot Jpiquest-B-ge) CXnnot GsX-paranepw Bb-Oslashnv apgeIme]fin-X-summiquest GI-I-WvT-ambn yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashnb Hcp ImcysOslash ncm-I-cn-regXpw Zpiquesthym-Jymw S-Oslashn-bXpw Bsc-paranepw Nqnen-degm-Wn-regn- ptnem

Hcp lZokv KŸw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-b-tprodmƒ AXnse apgp-hge lZo-kp-Ifpw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-Ibpw hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bh Nqnen-degm-Wn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-I-b-radicmsXkzyenw ne-bnnot Atplusmnlw GXv lZo-kmWv Xasympn-deg-f-tradeXv

HmiquestdegpI Ch-sbmsdeg ]pd-Oslashn-d-szlign-bXv kwL-Sm]iv-Oslashnv apordmm-bn-cp-partp Aspartmpartpw kpradic-an-bpsStNmcdegv thnen Bcpw InX-bvdegp-partp-nem-bn-cp-partnradic

kwL-S ]nf-cp-part-Xnv apordmpw kemw-kp-radican sIFge FΩnssbquo Xvhm t_miquestUnnot AwK-am-bn-cp-partntradicApartn-radicm-Oslash-sX-yenmWv Cpartv kemw kpradic-an-bn-ep-asympXv

]e hnjbszlig-fnepw temI ]i-kvXcpw njvIma Iiquestan-I-fp-amb ]fin-X-summiquest GIm- n-]m-b-degm-cradic Ah-c-hcva n-em-degnb ]Tw SOslashn ]cn-tim-[nregv tcJ-sprod-Sp-OslashnbImcy-szligƒ ]eXpw hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cp-partp AXnssbquo t]cnnotAhsc mw Fsyenm-sdeg-prod-d-b-Ww

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Jpdm- n-Iƒ Dpart-bn-degppart ]e lZo-kp-Ifpw XssbquoImgvN-prodm-Snnot knnotkne kzlo-l-bnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-OslashnbAnot_m-nsb mw Fyenv sNoslash-Ww

kvXo apJw ad-bvdegWw Fpartv ]dtrade C_vp_mkns mw Fyenv hnfn-deg-Ww

kp_-lndegv JqqOslashv HmXp-partXnv mw hntcm-[-sampartpw ImWp-partn-radic Fspart-gp-Xnb sI Daiquest aue-hnsbmw Fszligs ImWWw

CA-vXn-Zm-ennot ssI scopynnot shdeg-W-sapartv XvhevIppart kpDu-Zn-bnse ke^n ]fin-X-summcpw AXv_nZvOslashm-sW-part-gp-Xnb Anot_m-nbpw temtIm-Oslashc ]fin-X-summ-csradic

Cszligs FX-sbX hnj-b-szligƒ Aev]w amXw lZokv kzoI-cn-regv apgp-hge Imcy-szlig

fpw Jpiquest-B-nssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot aX-n-baw Ioslashm-fnbaZvl-_nssbquo Camw A_q-l-o- sb Bsc-paranepw tXtPm-

i_oiquest FS-degpfwkpradic-ansbISn-regp-Io-dp-part-h-tcmSv

2010 Pqsse 15

h[w sNbvXpthm mb-bpsS Xe H-gn-hm-degn-bmnot _mdegnP sradicpartv ]d-tradeXv kemw-kp-radic-an-b-radictradicm Camw amen-degsradic Fpartnacutepw B ]fin-Xsc mw BZ-cn-degp-partp

Cszligs nc-h-[nkemw-kp-radican kwL-Sm ]iv-Oslashnnot Bcp-a-radicm--bn-cp-

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kzyenw tPmen cmPn-shregv Ckz-vemlo ]yumlm--OslashnvPohnXw kaiquestprodnreg BtcmSpw Hcp bm-ss]-kdegpw uXnIem -Oslashnpw Hpartpw sNoslashm-Oslash Cpartv Xspart ]pe`yw ]d-bp-part-hiquestdegv t]mepw cmXn hfsc sshIn hsc Ccppartvtm v Xoslashm-dmdegn sImSpOslash ]ecpw kwL-S-sb ]nfiquestOslashnsImgpOslashv XSnregv ˛ henb cay liquestay-szlig-fnnot hni-anregvkwL-S--bnnot IpOslashn-Oslashn-cnprodv S-Oslashp-tordmmgpw sNdnb HcpHmSnacute hoacutennot Htck-abw Hcp-]mSv Imcy-szligƒ C-kz-vemlo]yumlm--Oslashnv thnen sNbv-Xp-sIm-nen-cn-degppart kemwkpradican Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Fyenv hogvN-Iƒ hpartn- p-sne-paran-ep-aXv KpWImwpoundtbmsS Nqnen-degm-Wn-degp-part-Xnp ]Icwkpradic-ansb Hpermil-sprod-SpOslashn ISnregp IpS-bp-part-hiquest Hmiquestdegp-I˛

F ]ntbm Sn ]ntbm ]metOslashm Cszligs Hcm-tcm-]-WhpwAtplusmn-l-sOslash-prodpermiln ]d-bp-partnradic Fpart-Xv Hcp Imcyw IqSnBiquestdegpw Jpiquest-Btm lZotkm ]Tnregv ]fin-X-summ-cmhmwAXradic kemw kpradic-ansb Nhnacuten saXn-regn v Xspart-bm-h-W-sa-parannot Aszlig-s-bp-am-hmw kemw kpradic-an-sb BtKmflZokv ]fin-Xge Ifn-bm-degnot S-Oslashn-bmte a-spermilmcp]fin-X-mhq FpartmsWparannot AXp-am-hmw

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kplr-Oslashp-degsf kemw kpradican Hcp apkven-amWvtItacutem

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2010 Pqsse16

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2010 Pqsse16

2010 Pqsse 17

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2010 Pqsse 17

2010 Pqsse18

radicnssbquo ]ckyw i_m_nnot notInbncppartXv KqXcambAregSdegewLambncppartp Apartv ]spound tanot ldividev Kq-prodnssbquo ]ckyw npartnprodpImcnse F ]n Kqprodnssbquo apJ]X-Oslashnepw kdegcnoslash Kqprodnssbquo apJ]XOslashnepw arsquocnregv]-XypoundsprodacutepsImnencndegppartp apPmlnZpIsf ampermilnniquest-Oslashn ]Icw ]XnjvTnreg BƒdegqacuteOslashnssbquo adhnbpw A-lsquoam-b hnt[bXzhpw henb ApKlambn ImWp-I-bmWv npartnprodv tXrXzantprodmƒ

]qiquestAEligambpw CkvemanI coXnbnnot Xspart Ipsd t]iquest-degv IqSn ldividepw Dwdbpw niquest∆lndegmpff HchkcsapartvKpWImwpoundm]cambn ImWppartXnv ]Icw Anotamiquestldividev skradicns alm]m]amdegn AhXcnprodnregv S]Sn-sbSpOslash npartnprodv tXrXzOslashnssbquo XethZ tIhesamcpkamyencOslashnsemXpszlignbnsradicpartXv Anhmcyamb aspermilmcpZpcyenw ]yumlmOslashnssbquo HutZymKnI kwhn[msapartvt]cneqsS Xspart tXmpartnprodndegppart aspermilmcp ldividev KqprodvIqSn `npartnprodp]mfbOslashnnot Psumw sImneXv thsdmcptNcntprodmcnssbquo ^eambncppartp ke v ldividev Kqprodv A-Xnssbquo XeprodtOslashm CΩnWn _ey cnev DkvXmZpamiquest H-partv ISendegscbpw aspermilmpartv ISenndegscbpw `npartnprodvtXrXzOslashnse cnev ]apJiquest AhnsS Xoiquestpartnradic AXmhcppartp Hcp lnZmb ldividev Kqprodv CXnssbquo XeprodOslashpw A-X Nnradicddegmscmpartparadic adegbnse `npartnprodpImcpsS B-yumlm sksbquodnnot Xmaksapartv AXypKge hmKvZmw IqSnnotIn HutZymKnIOslashnssbquo aqiquestplusmnmhnnsacutemcSn notIppartCdegqacuteiquestdegv Kw`oc ]ckyw notInbmWv Pnpartp KqprodpIm-cpsS Imordmbnge t]mAtildeiquest hsc ]pdOslashndszlignbXv nedegvnpartnsradicparannot ]mTw ]Tnprodndegpsapart tXrXztOslashmSpasympIAEligpcpacuteembncppartp CXnssbquo ]npartnsepartXv ]npartmordmpdkwkmcw

ldividev KqprodpIfpsS NmIc `npartnprodp ]mfbOslashnnot A-]kzcszligfpnemdegshbmWv apJ]XOslashnnot ]pXnsbmcpldividev Kqprodnssbquo ]ckyw apPmlnZnssbquoXv XspartbmWv ]-spound sI Fge FΩnssbquoXradic Fpartmbncppartp hnfnregtz-jn-reghiquestdegv Inacutenb adp]Sn Pdnot skIacutednbpsS acpaIgeIqSnbmb bph]finXpw FdWmwIpfsOslash XeapXniquestparttXmhpamWsX CXnssbquo mbIiquest AXymhiywip`]XopoundtbmsSbmWnXnssbquo innotprodnIsfpartv ldividev-Kq-prodnssbquo t]cv Xspart kqN notIppartpnev sNΩm pImcmb

aspermilmcp npartnprodvtXmhnssbquo DSayumlXbnnot tcsOslash Xspartnehnepnembncppart aspermilmcp ldividev Kqprodnssbquo tXrXzta-spermilSpdegmge CubnSdegv aspermilmcp ]finXge Xacutean v ]Xypound-sprodacuteXpIqSn tNiquestOslashv hmbndegptordmmƒ Aymbamb HcpImcWw ]dtradev ]t_m[cwKOslashv ]XnklsquonIfp-nem-degnbhsc AtX ImcWw Xspart Dddegw sISpOslashppartXvkXymtzjnIƒdegv hensbmcp Xncnregdnhnssbquo tiquest-degmgvNIfmhpIbmWv

Ctprodmƒ kzyendegmcmbtprodmƒ kzImcy ldividev KqprodpI-fpw ldividev Kqprodnssbquo SOslashnprodpImcpsS kwLSm _lsquo-hpw t]cnse kwLSm kmayXbpw HutZymKnI ]knleo-IcWszligfnse ]ckyszligfpw Fradicmw lemembXv GXv a-gelPnssbquo ASnyumlmOslashnemsWpartv kaqltOslashmSv hn-iZoIcndegmge `npartnprodpImiquest _m[yyumlcmWv Anotamiquestldividev skradicns alm]m]amdegn AhXcnprodnregv sF FkvFΩns ]ncnregv hn v kzbw Ahtcm[nXcmb AUvtlm-degnssbquo sshkv ]knUsbquomWv ]Xncopyv hiquestjsOslash ]mcordm-cyw AhImisprodSppart kamyenc Kqprodnssbquo mbIge

adeg Ckzvemlo sksbquodnnot Xmakw hsc hmKvZmwsNoslashppart Kq-prodnssbquo innotprodnbmhsacute AtX AUvtlmdegnseaspermilmcw-Kw ]nfiquestprodnssbquo AWnbdbnnot Gsd hnbiquest-sprodm-gpdegnb t-XmdegfmWv apermilp ldividevKqprodpIfpsSbpw Aac-Oslashv BtcmSv ]dbmge Aaiquestjw tXmpartnbntacutem ymbszligƒncOslashn ]-Xntcm[nregntacutem AregSdeg S]SnsbSpOslashntacutemCu Zpch-yumlbnnot npartpw apJw cpoundndegmge Ignbnsradicpartvt-XrXzw Xncnregdnbppartpnev B XncnregdnhmWv kamyen-cdegmcpsS Duiquestdividehpw XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv ]n-partnnot ]hiquest-Oslashnreg AhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart ]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmge t]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXv kzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmw NnradicpIqacutenemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

NpcpdegOslashnnot Ckzvemlo tXmdegfpsSbpw ]hiquestOslash-I-cpsSbpsamsdeg klIcWtOslashmsSbpw ]paramfnOslashtOslashm-sSbpw Sdegppart sumIsf kwLSm kmtparaXnIXzszlig-fpsS t]cnepw kzmiquestinfin Xmnot]cyszligƒdegmbpw XpcparawshdegpIbpw KpcpXcamb ]XnklsquonIƒdegnSbmdegppartA]Iz odegszligfntedegv bndegpIbpw sNbvXhiquestdegv C-szligns ]eXpw tcntSnen hcpw Hcp apPmlnZv ]-finXgeGsXparanepw ldividev Kqprodnssbquo mbIcm-hp-partXnnot sumImWmge XoslashmdmhmOslashhiquest AXnssbquo t]cnnot alOslashm-sbmcp ]yumlmOslashnnot hnasympepnemdegnbhiquest AtXhnjbOslashnnot XethZbp`hndegppartXv sImnev amX-amWv ]cmarbdquo ldividev KqprodpIƒ ChnsS hnjbamhppartXv`npartnprodv tXrXzOslashnssbquo CcacuteOslashmprodpw Im]Syhpw XpdpartvImWndegppart qdp IWdegnv XncnregSnIfnnot ldividev Kqprodpwkzm`mhnIambpw Dƒsprodsacutepartv amXw _lpamsprodacute F]o Aszligv Cnsbparanepw ]dbpI kwLSm ]nfiquestprodnmbnnszligƒ Apartv Dpartbnreg Hmtcm Imcyszligfpw Hcndegnot IqSnkaqlOslashnv appartnnot AhXcnprodndegmge nszligƒdegmhptamAsradicparannot CddegpaXn BZiquestidegmcpsS KqUmtemN-bnepw oNIrXyszligfnepw ]paramfnbmbXnssbquo t]cnnot HcpXncpsOslashparanepw Xmparafnnot npartv ]Xopoundndegmtam BZ-iquesti]cambpw kwLSm]cambpw HmtcmcpOslashcpw XndegvtXmpartnb t]mse hnfbmSppart Hcp IpfOslashnssbquo Imhnot-Itkctbdegmƒ Aeparamchpw AwKoImchpw AXnmbn-cndegpsapartv addegmXncndegpI

XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv]n-partnnot ]hiquest-OslashnregAhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmget]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXvkzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmwNnradicpIq nemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

2010 Pqsse 19

iniquestdegv alm-]m-]-am-sWpartpw hradic-hpw iniquestdegv sN-bvXmnot Ahge Atszlig-bpermilw hgn-]n-g-regp-t]mbhm-sWpartpwhm-tem-I-Oslashp-npartv Xmtgm- p-ho-W-h-s-tprodm-se-bm-sWpartpwhniple Jpiquest-Bge ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Fpartmnot Rszligƒ iniquest-degv sNoslashp-partn-sradic-partmWv Ahiquest hmZn-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Jpiquest-Bge iniquestdegm-sWpartv hyDagger-am-degnb Imcy-szligƒJpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kp-I-fp-sSbpw shfn-reg-Oslashnnot apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaiquestYn-degp-tordmmƒ Rszlig-fpsS t]cnnot iniquestdegm-tcm-]Ww S-Oslashp-I-bmWv nszlig-sfpartv ka-kvX(-Im-yen-]pcw -C sI hn`m-K-szligƒ) kwyumlm kppartnbpw apermilpkppartn-hn- m--K-szligfpw ]N-fi-amb ]Nm-cWw S-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partp

GsX-paranepw hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegv Btcm-]n-degp-part-Xp-sImnev apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒdegv ]tXy-Inregv Hcp tacutehpw e`n-degm-n-radic Fpartmnot iniquestdegv GXv cq]-Oslashnnot Fhn-sS-npartvIS-partp-h-partmepw AXv iniquestdegm-sWpartv Xpd-partp-]-d-bm-pasympBiquestPhw apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ImWn-degm-dp-nev

iniquestdegnssbquo niquesth-Nw ]mam-Wn-I-K-Ÿ-szlig-fnepwka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnepw

Dpart-X-mb Aradicm-lp-hnv ]parap-Im-cs yumlm]n-degp-part-Xn-mWv iniquestsdegpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnnot Cpart hyDaggern]parap-tNiquestOslashp-shpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sm-dp-nev AXv Gpermilhpw henbAhn-izm-k-amWv (Anot ap vcZmOslashv t]Pv 259)

hnK-l-szligsf Bcm-[n-degnot amX-aradic iniquestdegv Fpartmnot]Xm-]-im-en-bmb nssbquo cpoundn-Xm-hnssbquo IqsS Ahge Hgn-sI-bp-asymp-Xns o sXc-strade-Sp-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (^p-Xq-lpnot ssKz_v aJme 7)

iniquestdegv sNoslashpI Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegvBcm-[--biquestprodn-degemWv bYmiquestY-Oslashnnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hge Bcm-[n-deg-sprod-Smge ]permilp-I-bn-radic (X vkodpnot I_oiquesthC-ZvJme epJvamge Fpart Bb-Oslashnssbquo hni-Zo-I-c-Ww)

temI apkvenw-Iƒ AwKo-I-cn-degppart KŸ-szlig-fnse C_m-d-Oslashp-I-fmWv apI-fnnot Dle-cn-reg-Xv Fpartmnot Xszligƒ sNoslashppart iniquestdegn-s- -iniquestdeg-sradicpartv ]dtradev ymbo-I-cn-degppartka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopound-W-szligƒ IqSn ImWp-I

Hcp hyDaggern Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degp-tordmmƒ amXtainiquestdegv hcp-partp-asympq Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv kzbw Ign-hp-snepartv hniz-kn-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (sIm- -prodpdw kwhmZw166 H Fw Xcp-h-W)

Bcm-[--degiquestl-mbn Aradicm-lpsh-tprodmse apermilp ]eXpwDsne-partpasymp hnizm-kw CXn-mWv iniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sp-partXv (Ciquestim-Zpnot C_m-Zv- -a-e-bmf ]cn- mj t]Pv 29 FwFw Cordmn-regn-tdegmb apkveymiquest)

tmdegp-I ka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopoundWOslashnnot HcphyDaggern acn-regmepw Csradic-paranepw Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-knregv

F A_vZpnotAkokv aZn

iniquestdegvBtcm-]-Wtam bmYmiquestYytam

Atplusmn-l-tOslashmSv ]miquestYn-regmte iniquestdegv hcn-I-bp-asympq A]-Imcw Xspart kzbw Ignhv B hnfn-deg-sprod-Sppart BƒdegvDsnepartv hniz-kn-regmte iniquestdegm-hp-I-bp-asympq FX hnNn-X-amb Hcp hopound-W-am-WnXv Jpiquest-Bpw ap - n-dp-Ifpw]hm-N-Ige(k)-bpsS lZo-kp-Ifpw Cu hmZsOslash Jfin-degp-partp o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa nszligƒ hnfnregv]m-iquest-Yn-degppart nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Isfprodpermiln nszligƒ Nnyennregvtmdegp-I Cu qan-bnnot Fyenm-W-hiquest krjvSn-regn- p-asymp-sXpartvnszligƒ Fndegv ImWn-regp-X-cn-I AX-radic BIm-i-szlig-fnnotAhiquestdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem AX-radic mw Ahiquestdegv hradic-K-Ÿhpw notIn-bn v AXnnot npartpasymp sXfn-h-p-k-cn-regmtWmAhiquest ne-sIm-asympp-partXv Fpartmnot AI-a-Im-cn-IƒAtymyw hmKvZmw sNoslashp-partXv hcopy--am-X-am-Ip-partp(^m-Xzniquest 40)

Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

Pemnot atcopycn

icn-bm-Wv Ckz-vemlv amkn-I-bnnotFgp-Xp-partXv ImWpI ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pn-partp-I-sfbpw apermilm-scbpw hnfn-regp-tX-Smge ]mSn-sradicpartpw ]miquestY--degp-Oslashcw evImge A-hiquest-degv Ign-bn-sradicpartpw Jpiquest-Bge sΩ ]Tn-prodn-degppartp (C-kz-vemlv amkn-I 2006 Unwk-_iquest adtradeamiquestKhpw kpradic-an-bpsS hnh-c-tdeg-Spw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemln t]Pv 6) ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhn-fnregp tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Cu tUmIvSiquest ChnsSFgp-Xp-partp Cu hnUvVnOslashw i_m-_nnot ]nSn-Iq-Sn-b-tprodmƒPnpartpw knlvdpw aS-hq-cn-I-fpsS Zpjv]-Nm-c-Whpw Fpartt]-cnnot Ctplusmnlw Xspart ]kn-leo-I-cnreg ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot-hn-fnregp tXSmge ]mSn-sradic-partpw ]dtrade mKw shacuten-am-permiln-bmWvF-gp-Xp-part-Xv

AXnssbquo ]qiquestW-cq]w ImWpI apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ Fhn-sS-bmWv Pnpartns hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-tradeXv Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw ]d-trade-Xmbn Cu Iasymp-hm-Zn-Iƒdegv sXfn-bn-degmge km[n-degptam adnregv Aradicm-lp-h-radicmOslash bmsXm-partn-tmSpw AXv Pnpartm-I-sacute hen-oslashm-Isacute ae-degm-Isacute hnfnregv]miquestYn-degp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSpasympq FpartmWv apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaq-lsOslash ]-Tnprodnregp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv aS-hq-cn-I-tf BSns ]acuten-bm-degppart nszlig-fpsS Cu hrOslashn-sIacute Xyenw hn kn Ipacuten-I-fp-sS ASpOslashp aXn apPm-ln-Zp-IƒdegnS-bnnot AXv sNe-hm-Inradic (Pnpartpw knlvdpw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemlnt]Pv 23) ]acutensb BSm-degp-hmge thnen ae-degp-IsfbpwPn-partp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Ckz-vem-lnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv Aacuten-a-dnregv Ah-X-cn-prodn-degp-I-bmWv tUm-IvSiquest Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot sNoslashp-part-Xv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degnot iniquestdegm-sWpartpw Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvamXta ]miquestYn-degp-hmge ]mSp-asympp-shpartpw kppartn-I-fnnot s]acutehen-sbmcp hn`mKw apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp-nev

CXp ]d-bp-hmge apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS ]asympn-Ifpw yumlm]--szligfpw kzOslashpw ssIh-i-sprod-SpOslashn ke^n thjw [cnregvS-degppart h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsS Bh-iy-an-radic ac-W-sprod--h-sc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip-vdp-am-Wv CXp-t]mse Xspart ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sf-

bpw hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip vdp-am-Wv CXp Xspart-bm-bn-cppartp apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHpartmw XnbXn sXmacutepasymp apJy ]t_m-[ hnj-bw ]asympn-bpw yumlm]--szligfpw Ahiquest niquestan-regXv CXv ]d-bp-hm-m-Wv ae-degp-I-fpsSbpw Pnpartp-I-fpsSbpw Ign-hnpartv Aprodp-d-apasympXv tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-iquest ]d-bp-partp ae-degnssbquobpw Pnpartp-I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hnssbquo]cn-[n-Iƒ nrsaquo-bn-degp-hmge apdegv km[y-a-sradicpartpw ChiquestXspart ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Ch-cpsS Cu ASnyumlm XXz-]-

Im-chpw ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp iniquestdegn-sbpwIp vdn-sbpw ]nSn-IqSn Xulo-Zm-degp-hmgeian-degp-part-hiquestdegv Hcp-Xcw AlsquoX _m[n-regn-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Chiquest FyenmWv ]d-bp-Ibpw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNoslashp-part-sXpartvChiquestdegpXspart Adn-bp-partn-radic

CkvXn-Km-kbpwaX-]-fin-X-summcpw

]qiquesthn-I-cmb andeg aX-]-fin-X-summcpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregv klmbwtXSn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv ka-kvX-bnse

apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp kXym-hkvY hnh-cn-degmtam

A_vZpnotI-cow sImregn

hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

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AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

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A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

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2010 Pqsse28

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

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(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

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kv]c hncp-le-am-Ippart Ap- hw Pam-AOslashv ]miquest n-bpsS Pn-XI LS--bpsS

`mK-ambn amdp-I-bm-Wv

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK

Atprodmƒ Aradicma kzgeBnbpw h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-IcpsShopoundW-]-Imcw lZokv ntj[nbm-Ip-partp

hnjbw 2A_q-lp-dbvd(d) nth-Zw _n(-k) Acp-fn hradic-h

pw da-fm-nnot Hcp Znhkw bmsXmcp Cfhpw tcmKhpwCradicmsX tmordmv apdn-regmnot Hcp amkw apgphge Ahgetmordm-p-jvTn-regmepw AXnv ]I-c-am-hp-I-bn-radic (_p-Jm-cn-bpsS A-A-veo-Jv C_vp Jp-ssk-a Xniquestan-Zn C_vp-am-P A_q-Zm-hq-Zv Alva-Zv Zmcn-an) da-Zmge amk-tOslashmSvASpOslash amk-Oslashnepw da-Zm-nepw ]kn-leo-I-cnreg andegAnot-a-m-dnepw Cu lZokv Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXpImWmw DZm Anot-a-miquest amkn-I 1985 Pq apJ-]-kwKw˛ t]Pv 3) C_vp Jpssk-a(-d) A_q-Zm-hq-Zv Alva-ZvZmcnan apX-em-b-hiquest Cu lZo-kns yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partpanivIm-Oslashnssbquo id-lnepw lZo-kns ]fin-tXm-NnXwyumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) Xssbquo Pman-Dnot kzKo-dnepw Cu lZo-kv Dle-cn-degppartp (lZokv 8492) tijwlZo-kns yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Fpartmnot tUm sI sIkI-cnoslashm kzemln Cu lZo-kns Zpiquest_-e-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp(Anot--a-miquest amknI 2004 Unkw_iquest) Ctplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo niquesth-N ]Imcw Xspart Ctplusmnlw lZokv ntj-[n-bm-Ip-partp

Anot-_mnbpw lZo-kns Zpiqueste-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Atplusmn-lhpwCh-cpsS am-Z-fi-Oslashnnot lZokv ntj[n Xspart

hnjbw 3alm-dn_v(d) nthZw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge ]d-bp

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ΩpsS ]gb Anota-m-dnssbquo [mcmfw edeg-szlig-fnnot CulZo-kns kzlo-lm-degp-partp C_vp ssXan-oslash (d)-C-Xnssbquo]c-ordm-cbpw Bi-bhpw kzlo-lm-sWpartv ]d-bp-partp Camwlmdegnapw Camw Zl-_n(-d)bpw lZo-kns kzlo-lm-degp-partp anivIm-Oslashnssbquo hymJym--KŸ-amb aniquestJm-Xnnot lZo-knssbquo Bi-bhpw ]c-ordm-cbpw kzlo-lm-Wpartv yumlm]n-degppartp sI sI kI-cnoslash lZo-kns Zpiquest_-e-am-Ip-hmgeDpart-bn-degppart Zpiquesthym-Jym--szligƒdegv C_vpOslashoan oslash(d) adp-]Sn FgpXp-partp (aPvaqAv ^Xmhm 38- 21) CXp-t]mseaniquestJm-Oslashnepw adp-]Sn ]d-bp-partp (aniquestJmOslashv 3˛475)

A_q lna

Pnpartv knlvdv ]pXnb Xocp-amwaqdegp-I-b-dn- -Xm-sc

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sI Fge Fw Pnradicm afi-ew imJ skI-acute-dn-amiquestdegv

amy-tc A -emap Assedegpw

aX-]-t_m-[ cwKOslashv Pnpartv ]nim-Nv hnjbwhiquestj-szlig-fmbn Niquestreg sNoslash-sprod-Sp-Ibpw AXv P-szligƒdegn-S-bnnot ]tXy-Inregv s]mXpP-szligƒdegn-S-bnnot Bi-b--degp-g-prod-ap-nem-degp-Ibpw sNoslashppart kml-N-cy-Oslashnnot PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot Dea ]kvXpX hnjbw Niquestreg-sdeg-Sp-degp-I-bm-bn-cp-partp 10-˛04-˛2007 apXnot B ]Inb Bcw-`n-regn-acutep-nevPwC-oslash-Oslashpnot Dea ]Xn-n-[n-Iƒ (Pw-C-oslash-Oslashpnot Dea]kn-Usbquo v skI-acute-dn tIcf Zvh-Oslashpnot apPm-ln-Zoge]kn-Usbquo v P-dnot skI-acute-dn ^Xvhm t_miquestUvsNbiquestamge) ]t_m-[ cwKOslashv tIc-f-Oslashn-sem-acutemsInd-tradep-n-evdegppart hyDaggern-Xz-szligsf hnfnregv Niquestreg S-

Oslashp-Ibpw Ah-cnnot npartv ]_-lsquo-szligƒ tiJ-cn-degp-IbpwAXv ]T--hn-t[-b-am-degnb tijw _lsquo-sprod-acute-h-cp-ambnhonepw Niquestreg S-Oslashp-Ibpw CXv ]t_m-[ cwKOslashvhnj-b-am-deg-cp-sXpartv Xocp-am-n-degp-Ibpw ]kvXpX Xocp-amw 29-˛06-˛2010 not tNiquestpart PwCoslash-Oslashpnot DeamniquesthmlI kan-Xnbpw ]_lsquo IiquestOslashm-degfpw GI-I-WvT-ambn AwKo-I-cn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXp ]kvXpX Xocp-am--Oslashnssbquo hni-Z-amb tImprodn-bmWv CtXm-sSm-prod-ap-asymp-Xv Cu Xocp-amw S-prodnnot hcp-Oslashm-pasymp DOslash-c-hm-ZnOslashw sI Fge FΩnmsWpartv tIcf PwC-oslash-OslashpnotDea Xocp-am-n-reg-Xp-am-Wv

Bb-Xp-sImnev Xmpara-fpsS ]cn-[nbnepasymp ]-t_m-[-I-scbpw aX-hn-Zym-e-b-szlig-fnse A[ym-]-I-scbpwCdegmcyw Adn-bn-degp-Ibpw BbXv S-prodnnot hpartp-shpartvDdprodv hcp-Oslashp-Ibpw sNoslashp-I

Aradicmlp Ap-K-ln-degsacute

F ]n A_vZpnot JmZniquest aue-hnP-dnot skI-acute-dn sI Fge Fw

sI sP bp-hnssbquo Xocp-amw hni-Zo-I-cn-degppartkiquestdegp-eiquest C]-Im-cw

CMYK

CMYK

agekq-den sNΩmSv

2010 Pqsse8

Pnpartv ]nimNv hnj-b-Oslashnnot tIcf PwC-oslash-OslashpnotDe-a-bpsS ne]mSv

aX-]-t_m-[ cwKOslashv Pnpartv ]nim-Nv knlvdv hnj-b-szligƒ GXmpw hiquestj-szlig-fnnot Niquestreg sNoslash-sprod-Sp-IbpwAXv s]mXp-P--szligƒdegn-S-bnnot t]mepw Bi-b-degp-g-prod-szligƒdegv CS-h-cp-Oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp XpSiquestpartv tIcf PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot Deam Cu hnj-b-I-ambn ]eXhW NiquestregsNoslashp-Ibpw _lsquo-sprod- -h-cpsS A- n-]m-b-szligƒ tIƒdegp-Ibpw sNbvXp ]t_m-[--cw-KOslashv kzo-I-cn-tdegne ne-]mSv sI Fge Fw aptJ hyDagger-am-degn-sdegm-Sp-degmpwCu hnj--b-Icambn aiquestlqw apl-ΩZv Aamn auehn]kn-leo-I-cnreg X^vko-dnssbquo mK-szligƒ ]p-]-kn-leo-I-cn-degmpw sI Fge FΩn-tmSv Bh-iy-sprod-Sp-Ibpw sI Fge Fw niquesth-ln-degp-IbpwsNbvXp

Fpartmnot ]npartoSv ]kvXpXhnj-b-szlig-sf-prodpermiln KpW-I-c-a-radicmOslash Niquestreg-Iƒ ]t_m-[cwKOslashv hym]n-regpAtprodmƒ sI sP bp CXvkw_-lsquonregp Niquestreg sNbvXp]_-lsquo-szligƒ poundWn-degp-IbpwAXnnot Xocp-am--sa-Sp-degmge sIsP bp sI Fge Fw ]kn-Usbquo vskI-acute-dn-amcpw ^Xvh t_miquestUvsNbiquestampw Dƒsdegm-asympppart HcqPqdnsb sXc-strade-Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpPqdn-bpsS apordmnnot e`nreg cnev ]_-lsquo-szligfpw khn-kvXcw ]Tn-reg-tijw ]_-lsquo-IiquestOslashm-deg-fp-ambn ]tXyIw Niquestreg sNbvXpAXnnot npartv Rszligƒ FOslashn-tregiquestpart Imcy-szligƒ

1 sshfraslm-nIw ]nim-Nn-ssbquobpw Pnpartn-ssbquobpw AkvXnXzw ntj-[n-degppart Hpermil-sprodacute hyDaggern-I-sfbpw Ipoundn-I-sfbpw Ncn-X-Oslashnnot ImWm-sa-paranepwhniple Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw Xncp-kp-part-Oslashn-ssbquobpw ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Ahiquest Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-I-fm-sWpartpwAh-bpsS AkvXn-Xzhpw ]Ir-Xnbpw Ah-degp-snepartpwap-jysc iniquestdegv Ip^vdv _nZv-A-Oslashv aA-vkn-bOslashvt]mep-asymp-Xn-tedegv poundWnregv hgn-tI-Sn-emdegn c-I-Oslashn-tedegv bn-degpI Fpart-XmWv ]nim-Nnssbquo epoundy-sapartpwAXn-pasymp Xyen-szligfpw coXn-Ifpw Ahge Akq-XWwsNbvXv ap-jys mm- mK-Oslashp-npartpw hebw sNbvXp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-sapartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw XmdegoXvsNbvXn-acutep-nev Ahssbquo D]-Z-h-szligfpw hkvhm-kp-IfpwtIhew tXmpart-e-sradicpartpw AXp-sImnepXspart Ah-spart-Xnsc PmKX ssIsdegm-asymp-W-sapartpw Jpiquest-BpwkppartOslashpw Ap-im-kn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-X-Oslashnnot Aradicm-lp-hns ]cn-]qiquestW-ambn Ah-ew-_n-degnot ]nim-Nnnotnpartv Ah-tmSv cpound tXSnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dkqnot]Tn-prodn-reg ZnIvdv ZpB-Iƒ PohnXOslashnnot ]Xn-hm-deg-nothniple Jpiquest-B-nse BbOslashpnot Ipiquestkn apA∆n-Z-ssOslash-n t]mep-asymph lZo-knnot hpart t]mse Ap-jvTn-degnot XpS-szlignb ]nim-Nnnot npartpasymp cpoundm-amiquestKwkzoI-cn-degnot Hmtcm apkven-an-ssbquobpw _m[y-X-bm-WvFpartmnot ]nim-Nnssbquo t]cnnot kaq-l-Oslashnnot ]N-cn-prodn-regn-

acutepasymp Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szligƒ NqjWw sNbvXp-sImnevss]im-NnI D]-Z-h-szlig-fnnot partv cpound-tX-Sm-spartt]cnnot Ddp-degv ayenw Ge- v qev tlmaw Fpartn-XymXn NnInrsquom coXn-Isf Ckvemw n-tcm-[n-degp-partptcmK-i-a--Oslashnp acppartv D]-tbm-Knregv NnIn-rsquon-degp-IbpwAradicm-lp-hn-tmSv ]miquest-Yn-degp-Ibpw thW-sapartmWv ]hm-N-Ige ]-Tn-prodn-reg-n- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot sshZy--im-kvX-OslashntemaX-Oslashntem -A-h-Km-l-an-radicmOslash Nne-bm-fp-Iƒ Pnpartv˛]nim-Np-degfpsS D]-Z--h-Oslashnnot npartv tcmKn-Isf -c--poundn-

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2 kwL-Sm]cw Fpartmnot ]t_m-[ cwKOslashv CXv Hcp hnj-b-ambn Niquestreg sNoslash-

cp-sXpartpw Ckz-vemln ]hiquestOslash-Icpw ]t_m-[-IcpwCXn-mbn Xiquestdeg-Oslashn-teiquestsprod-Sp-Ibpw kabw sNe-h-gn-degp-Ibpw sNoslash-cp-sXpartpw niquesttZ-in-degp-partp ]t_m-[hnj-b-szlig-fnnot apge-K-W sImSp-tdegne Imcy-szlig-fnnotke-^p- zm-en-lp-I-fpsS amXrI mw ]ngeXp-S-c-W-sapartpw ]k-Dagger-szlig-f-radicm-OslashXpw Bi-b-degp-g-prod-Oslashnp CS-h-cp-Oslashp-part-Xp-amb Imcy-szligƒ s]mXp-P a[y-OslashnnotAh-X-cn-prodn-deg-cp-sX-partpw DWiquestOslashp-partp

Aradicmlp Ap-K-ln-deg-sacute

Sn sI aplvbp-plusmnoge Dacn (H-prodv)

(]-kn-Usbquo v sI sP bp)

2 Fw apl-ΩZv aZn

(sk-I-acute-dn sI sP bp)

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(]-kn-Usbquo v sI Fge Fw)

4 F ]n A_vZpnot JmZniquest auehn

(P--dnot skI-acutedn sI Fge Fw)

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 9

2010 Pqsse10

5 Fkv Fw sFZoZv Xszligƒ

(sN-biquestamge sI sP bp Xvhm t_miquestUv)

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BZiquestiOslashnpw ]yumlm-Oslashnpw thnen PohnXw kaiquestprodnreg]finXscbpw ]hiquest-OslashIscbpw lZoYvntj[nIfpw Ckvemanp ]pdOslashvt]mbhcpambn NnXoIcnregXvPnpartv knlvdv hnjb-szligfn-se Alsquo-hnizmk ]N-cWsOslash FXniquestOslashpt]mpartXnssbquo t]cnem-bncppartp ange_dpIfnepwt]PpIfnepw tAtildePpIfnepwBZcWob ]finXsc ISn-regp IodpIbpw tXtPmh[w S-OslashpIbpw sNbvXtprodmgpw Zo--npthnen XymtKmdivideze t]mcmacutewSOslashnb Hcp ]yumlm-Oslashnssbquoss]--XrIhpw ]mcordmcyhpw kwc-poundndegmge IqSnbpff Hcp t]mcmacutesapartne-degv mw Ah AhKWnregptIacutemeddegppart sXdnhnfnIƒdegpw a vodppart IpOslashphmdegpIƒdegpw A]-hmZ]NcWszligƒdegpw hymPmtcm-]Wszligƒ-degpw apSdegepIƒdegpw aiquestplusmn-szligƒIpw Sp-hnnot mw ]miquestinfintbmsS ]nSnregp npartXv a-lOslashmb BZiquesti kwcpoundWOslashnp thnenamXambncppartp Aparthsdegmsdeg IpS]nSnregvsImS-pOslashhiquestdegv Xspart Cpartv Aradicmlphnssbquo A-pKlOslashmnot Xncnregdnhpnembncndegppartp

GXmbmepw 2007 not CX Kuc-h-ambn ]TwXpSszlign aqpartv hiquestjw nc-yen-c-ambn Niquestreg-Iƒ Ac-tszlig-dp-tordmmgpw Pnpartp-Iq-Sepw ASn-regn-d-degepw FXn-cm-fn-Isf

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Sp-Oslash-Xvkmnotth-j-nse B Kw`oc tNmtZym-

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tj[w () amXamWn-hnSpsOslash]iv-sapartpw KiquestPnreg

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Cu kiquestdegp-e-dp-sapartv BZiquest-i kvtln-I-ƒ ymb-ambpw

kwi-bn-degp-partp ImcWw Cukiquestdegp-eiquest ^b-ennot kqpoundnregmnot

aXn Niquestreg sNoslash-ne FpartmWv F ]nA_vZpnot JmZiquest auehn niquesttZ-in-reg-Xv

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amX-a-radic Pnpartv ap-jy-i-co-c-Oslashnnot Ib-dn-degq-Spw acn-regp-h-cp-sSbpw hntZ-i-Oslashp-asymp-h-cp-sSbpw cq]-Oslashnnot ]Xy-pound-sprod-Spw ap-jy-kvXo-I-fp-ambn ssewKnI _lsquow]peiquest-Oslashpw Ahiquestdegv ap-jy-cnnot Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-Ipw Pnpartv ap-jyv tcmK-apnemdegpw XpSszlignb qdv IW-degnvhnIe hmZ-szligƒ Zpiquest_-e-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-btXm AtXm Cu Hprodp-Im-cpsS

A[n-ImcImew Ignbpw hsc

Xmevdegm-en-I-am-bn ac-hn-prodn-

regtXm Fpartv hyDagger-a-radic

knlv-dnv lJo-JOslashv

Dsnepart hcn cnep Iqacuteiquest-

degpw ]nSn -regp -n -e vdegm-

pasymp Xyen-am-Wv A-

ysc D]-Z-hn-degmge

Hcm-ƒ knlvdv sNbv-

Xmnot ]nimNv A-bm-

-fpsS Dtplusmniw km[n-

prodn-regp-sIm-Sp-degp-sa-partmtWm

Cu lJo-J-Oslashnssbquo AiquestYw kI-

cnoslash Ctprodmgpw ]d-bppartp AsX Fpartv

F ]nbm-Isacute Ahy-Dagger-amb adp-]-Sn-bn-eqsS

cpound-sprod-Sp-partp Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot kdeg-cn-oslashm-degsf HutZym-

Kn-deg-I-degm-cm-tWm AtXm HutZym-Kn-I-degmsc kI-cn-oslashm-

deg-fmtWm aqdegp-I-bdnacuteXv ImOslashn-cppartp ImWmw

2010 Pqsse 11

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degpasymp XS- -am-h-cp-X-tradicm

2010 Pqsse12

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Biquest Fw tdmUv tImgn-tdegmSv 2t^muml 9447232531 9633010100

AnotCkzvemlv

2010 Pqsse 13

cnemw t]Pnnot knlvdpw ItAEligdpw en-degp-I-bnradic Fpartvapordmv Atplusmnlw ]kw-Kn-regn-cp-part-Xmbn tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-nev Ctprodmƒ Atplusmnlw ]d-tradep--S-degp-partXv AXn-spart-Xn-cm-Wv AXnssbquo Bdmw t]Pnnot Pnpartp-Iƒ ap-jy-i-co-c-OslashnnotIb-dn-degq-Sn-bmnot AXnv NnIn-rsquo--SOslashmw Fpartpw tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-nev ]qiquestho-I-Im-e-L- -szlig-fnnot ]e ]ptcm-ln-X-summcpw knle-summcpw bph-Xn-Isf Pnpartn-d-degmgethnen Ccp-acutep-ap-dn-degp-asympnnot ]th-in-prodnregv ]oUn-prodn-degm-dp-nem-bn-cp-partpCkvemlo ]yumlmw hfsc apordmp-Xspart COslashcw Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-sfbpw Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw FXniquestOslashp-t]m-part-Xm-Wv CXnssbquo Hsdeg CS-bn-emWv aspermilmcp BZiquesti-hy-Xn-bm--kw- hw Ziquestin-degp-part-Xv AYhm nregv Hm v SqOslashv Ub-d-IvSiquest Zpss_ ssiJnssbquo Nmh-Sn-b-yenn-c-Oslashnnot ]spara-Sp-Oslash-Xmbn t^mtacutem klnXw ImWm-n-S-bm-bn CXpw h-bm-Ym-yumln-I-cpsS Im]Syw a- n-em-degmge Imc-W-am-bn Bsc-paranepw iniquestdegp-Iƒtdegm _nZv-A-Oslashp-Iƒtdegm ]nyenpWnotIn-b-Xp-sIm-neradic Cubp-asymp-hge kwL-S--hn- -Xv adn-regv COslashcw XvhIfpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw S-Oslashn-bn v kwL-S Ahsc tNmZyw sNoslashp-I-t]m-epw-sN-oslashmsX n w-KX]men-degp-IbmWv sNbvX-Xv AXp-sIm-nem-Wv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-trade-Xv

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tXrXzw ]cn-an-X-am-Ipw ]ikvXn jvS-sprod-Spw Ah-kmw ac-W-Oslashn-p-ap-ordmp-X-spart tXr-Ip-prodmbw Agn-regp-sh-tdeg-nen-h-cpw

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apPm-lnZv ]yumlmw apordmv ]t_m-[w sNbvXn-cppartandeg-hmdpw Imcy-szligƒdegv Cdegq- iquest FXn-cm-Wv Hcp ]yumlm--Oslashnnot Ahiquest sXpermilp sNoslashp-partn-sradic-paranepw AXnv hfw-sh-regp-sIm-Sp-degp-partXpw sXpermilp sNoslashp-part-Xnp Xpey-am-Wv Iiquesta-im-kvX-]-c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot apordmv Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw kppart-Oslashn-ssbquobpw ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot mw ]hiquestOslashn-regp-t]m-cppart]e Iiquesta-szlig-fnepw amkmyenw hyXym-k-szligƒ hcpOslashn]pXnb Iiquesta-im-kvX-szligƒ cq]-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partpPnpartp-tk-h-Iƒdegpw knlvdv _m[degpw Aan-X-amb]m[myw notIn P-szligsf Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-fnnot Xf-regn-Smge Xoh-iaw S-degp-partp tXrXzw n -lm-bcpw n w-K-cp-ambn tmdegn-nnotdegp-partp COslash-c-samcp Iqacutem-bva-bnnotFsyenmsdeg `uXnI s]men-a-Ifpw ]Xm-kp-Ifpw ]W-sdegm-gpprodpw Dsne-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Ap-K-lhpwimizX hnP-b-Oslashn-pasymp Aiquestl-Xbpw AhnsS Hcn-degepwe`n-degn-radic Aradicmlp cpoundn-deg-sacute

2010 Pqsse14

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse ]nfiquestprodnssbquo ]rsaquom-Oslash-e-Oslashnnot ]apJ ]fin-Xge A_vZp emwkpradic-ansb njvI-cpWw hnaiquestin-degp-part-h-tcmSv thZ-n-degppart a-t m-sSbpwKpW-Imw-pound-tbm-sSbpw Nne Imcy-szligƒ Ipdn-degp-I-bm-Wv

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apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse Bi-bm-Ziquesti ASn-Oslash-d-bp-ambn _lsquo-sprod v Hacutep-andeg ]pkvX-I-szligfpw Fgp-Xn-bXvkemw-kp-radic-an-bmWv (kp-partn-I-fpsS kXy-[m-c-bnnot Aordm-e-deg-Shv laoZv ss^kn Cu Imcyw Fgp-Xp-partp-nev)

]yumlmw cnembn ]nf-cp-part-Xnv apordmv CradicmOslash GsXmcp ]pXnb hmZ-amWv kemw kpradic-andegv Ctprodm-gp-asympXvFpart Imcyw ]tXyIw ile-biquestln-degp-partntradic

sI Fge Fw tcn v S-Oslashppart FS-hAElig Pman-Abnnot Kh sslkvIqƒ tPmen cmPn-shregv cnev ]Xn-permilm-nen-tesd Imew Xpmdash-amb iordm-f-Oslashnv tPmen sNbvX kemwkpradic-andegv Apartn-radicmOslash hradic ]pXnb hmZhpw ]nparto-Sp-nem-bn- ptnem (A-tplusmn-lsOslash Ahn-sS-npartpw Bcpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bn- n-radic Fpart Imcyw ]tXyIw a- n-em-tdeg-ne-Xn-tradic)

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Cu n_-lsquo--I-sfmsdeg Dkp-eqnot lZo-knssbquo]fin-X-summiquest nrsaquo-bn-reg-Xtradic

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Cu n_-lsquo--Iƒ Dnem-degn-bXv kemw kpradic-an-bm-tWm

kemw kpradic-an-bpsS hniple Jpiquest-Bge hmJymwmev hmfy-szlig-fmbn ]pd-Oslashn-d-szlign-bn v hiquestj-szlig-fmbn (Agehm-dpnot Jpiquest-B-ge) CXnnot GsX-paranepw Bb-Oslashnv apgeIme]fin-X-summiquest GI-I-WvT-ambn yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashnb Hcp ImcysOslash ncm-I-cn-regXpw Zpiquesthym-Jymw S-Oslashn-bXpw Bsc-paranepw Nqnen-degm-Wn-regn- ptnem

Hcp lZokv KŸw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-b-tprodmƒ AXnse apgp-hge lZo-kp-Ifpw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-Ibpw hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bh Nqnen-degm-Wn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-I-b-radicmsXkzyenw ne-bnnot Atplusmnlw GXv lZo-kmWv Xasympn-deg-f-tradeXv

HmiquestdegpI Ch-sbmsdeg ]pd-Oslashn-d-szlign-bXv kwL-Sm]iv-Oslashnv apordmm-bn-cp-partp Aspartmpartpw kpradic-an-bpsStNmcdegv thnen Bcpw InX-bvdegp-partp-nem-bn-cp-partnradic

kwL-S ]nf-cp-part-Xnv apordmpw kemw-kp-radican sIFge FΩnssbquo Xvhm t_miquestUnnot AwK-am-bn-cp-partntradicApartn-radicm-Oslash-sX-yenmWv Cpartv kemw kpradic-an-bn-ep-asympXv

]e hnjbszlig-fnepw temI ]i-kvXcpw njvIma Iiquestan-I-fp-amb ]fin-X-summiquest GIm- n-]m-b-degm-cradic Ah-c-hcva n-em-degnb ]Tw SOslashn ]cn-tim-[nregv tcJ-sprod-Sp-OslashnbImcy-szligƒ ]eXpw hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cp-partp AXnssbquo t]cnnotAhsc mw Fsyenm-sdeg-prod-d-b-Ww

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Jpdm- n-Iƒ Dpart-bn-degppart ]e lZo-kp-Ifpw XssbquoImgvN-prodm-Snnot knnotkne kzlo-l-bnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-OslashnbAnot_m-nsb mw Fyenv sNoslash-Ww

kvXo apJw ad-bvdegWw Fpartv ]dtrade C_vp_mkns mw Fyenv hnfn-deg-Ww

kp_-lndegv JqqOslashv HmXp-partXnv mw hntcm-[-sampartpw ImWp-partn-radic Fspart-gp-Xnb sI Daiquest aue-hnsbmw Fszligs ImWWw

CA-vXn-Zm-ennot ssI scopynnot shdeg-W-sapartv XvhevIppart kpDu-Zn-bnse ke^n ]fin-X-summcpw AXv_nZvOslashm-sW-part-gp-Xnb Anot_m-nbpw temtIm-Oslashc ]fin-X-summ-csradic

Cszligs FX-sbX hnj-b-szligƒ Aev]w amXw lZokv kzoI-cn-regv apgp-hge Imcy-szlig

fpw Jpiquest-B-nssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot aX-n-baw Ioslashm-fnbaZvl-_nssbquo Camw A_q-l-o- sb Bsc-paranepw tXtPm-

i_oiquest FS-degpfwkpradic-ansbISn-regp-Io-dp-part-h-tcmSv

2010 Pqsse 15

h[w sNbvXpthm mb-bpsS Xe H-gn-hm-degn-bmnot _mdegnP sradicpartv ]d-tradeXv kemw-kp-radic-an-b-radictradicm Camw amen-degsradic Fpartnacutepw B ]fin-Xsc mw BZ-cn-degp-partp

Cszligs nc-h-[nkemw-kp-radican kwL-Sm ]iv-Oslashnnot Bcp-a-radicm--bn-cp-

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kzyenw tPmen cmPn-shregv Ckz-vemlo ]yumlm--OslashnvPohnXw kaiquestprodnreg BtcmSpw Hcp bm-ss]-kdegpw uXnIem -Oslashnpw Hpartpw sNoslashm-Oslash Cpartv Xspart ]pe`yw ]d-bp-part-hiquestdegv t]mepw cmXn hfsc sshIn hsc Ccppartvtm v Xoslashm-dmdegn sImSpOslash ]ecpw kwL-S-sb ]nfiquestOslashnsImgpOslashv XSnregv ˛ henb cay liquestay-szlig-fnnot hni-anregvkwL-S--bnnot IpOslashn-Oslashn-cnprodv S-Oslashp-tordmmgpw sNdnb HcpHmSnacute hoacutennot Htck-abw Hcp-]mSv Imcy-szligƒ C-kz-vemlo]yumlm--Oslashnv thnen sNbv-Xp-sIm-nen-cn-degppart kemwkpradican Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Fyenv hogvN-Iƒ hpartn- p-sne-paran-ep-aXv KpWImwpoundtbmsS Nqnen-degm-Wn-degp-part-Xnp ]Icwkpradic-ansb Hpermil-sprod-SpOslashn ISnregp IpS-bp-part-hiquest Hmiquestdegp-I˛

F ]ntbm Sn ]ntbm ]metOslashm Cszligs Hcm-tcm-]-WhpwAtplusmn-l-sOslash-prodpermiln ]d-bp-partnradic Fpart-Xv Hcp Imcyw IqSnBiquestdegpw Jpiquest-Btm lZotkm ]Tnregv ]fin-X-summ-cmhmwAXradic kemw kpradic-ansb Nhnacuten saXn-regn v Xspart-bm-h-W-sa-parannot Aszlig-s-bp-am-hmw kemw kpradic-an-sb BtKmflZokv ]fin-Xge Ifn-bm-degnot S-Oslashn-bmte a-spermilmcp]fin-X-mhq FpartmsWparannot AXp-am-hmw

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kplr-Oslashp-degsf kemw kpradican Hcp apkven-amWvtItacutem

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2010 Pqsse16

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2010 Pqsse16

2010 Pqsse 17

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2010 Pqsse 17

2010 Pqsse18

radicnssbquo ]ckyw i_m_nnot notInbncppartXv KqXcambAregSdegewLambncppartp Apartv ]spound tanot ldividev Kq-prodnssbquo ]ckyw npartnprodpImcnse F ]n Kqprodnssbquo apJ]X-Oslashnepw kdegcnoslash Kqprodnssbquo apJ]XOslashnepw arsquocnregv]-XypoundsprodacutepsImnencndegppartp apPmlnZpIsf ampermilnniquest-Oslashn ]Icw ]XnjvTnreg BƒdegqacuteOslashnssbquo adhnbpw A-lsquoam-b hnt[bXzhpw henb ApKlambn ImWp-I-bmWv npartnprodv tXrXzantprodmƒ

]qiquestAEligambpw CkvemanI coXnbnnot Xspart Ipsd t]iquest-degv IqSn ldividepw Dwdbpw niquest∆lndegmpff HchkcsapartvKpWImwpoundm]cambn ImWppartXnv ]Icw Anotamiquestldividev skradicns alm]m]amdegn AhXcnprodnregv S]Sn-sbSpOslash npartnprodv tXrXzOslashnssbquo XethZ tIhesamcpkamyencOslashnsemXpszlignbnsradicpartXv Anhmcyamb aspermilmcpZpcyenw ]yumlmOslashnssbquo HutZymKnI kwhn[msapartvt]cneqsS Xspart tXmpartnprodndegppart aspermilmcp ldividev KqprodvIqSn `npartnprodp]mfbOslashnnot Psumw sImneXv thsdmcptNcntprodmcnssbquo ^eambncppartp ke v ldividev Kqprodv A-Xnssbquo XeprodtOslashm CΩnWn _ey cnev DkvXmZpamiquest H-partv ISendegscbpw aspermilmpartv ISenndegscbpw `npartnprodvtXrXzOslashnse cnev ]apJiquest AhnsS Xoiquestpartnradic AXmhcppartp Hcp lnZmb ldividev Kqprodv CXnssbquo XeprodOslashpw A-X Nnradicddegmscmpartparadic adegbnse `npartnprodpImcpsS B-yumlm sksbquodnnot Xmaksapartv AXypKge hmKvZmw IqSnnotIn HutZymKnIOslashnssbquo aqiquestplusmnmhnnsacutemcSn notIppartCdegqacuteiquestdegv Kw`oc ]ckyw notInbmWv Pnpartp KqprodpIm-cpsS Imordmbnge t]mAtildeiquest hsc ]pdOslashndszlignbXv nedegvnpartnsradicparannot ]mTw ]Tnprodndegpsapart tXrXztOslashmSpasympIAEligpcpacuteembncppartp CXnssbquo ]npartnsepartXv ]npartmordmpdkwkmcw

ldividev KqprodpIfpsS NmIc `npartnprodp ]mfbOslashnnot A-]kzcszligfpnemdegshbmWv apJ]XOslashnnot ]pXnsbmcpldividev Kqprodnssbquo ]ckyw apPmlnZnssbquoXv XspartbmWv ]-spound sI Fge FΩnssbquoXradic Fpartmbncppartp hnfnregtz-jn-reghiquestdegv Inacutenb adp]Sn Pdnot skIacutednbpsS acpaIgeIqSnbmb bph]finXpw FdWmwIpfsOslash XeapXniquestparttXmhpamWsX CXnssbquo mbIiquest AXymhiywip`]XopoundtbmsSbmWnXnssbquo innotprodnIsfpartv ldividev-Kq-prodnssbquo t]cv Xspart kqN notIppartpnev sNΩm pImcmb

aspermilmcp npartnprodvtXmhnssbquo DSayumlXbnnot tcsOslash Xspartnehnepnembncppart aspermilmcp ldividev Kqprodnssbquo tXrXzta-spermilSpdegmge CubnSdegv aspermilmcp ]finXge Xacutean v ]Xypound-sprodacuteXpIqSn tNiquestOslashv hmbndegptordmmƒ Aymbamb HcpImcWw ]dtradev ]t_m[cwKOslashv ]XnklsquonIfp-nem-degnbhsc AtX ImcWw Xspart Dddegw sISpOslashppartXvkXymtzjnIƒdegv hensbmcp Xncnregdnhnssbquo tiquest-degmgvNIfmhpIbmWv

Ctprodmƒ kzyendegmcmbtprodmƒ kzImcy ldividev KqprodpI-fpw ldividev Kqprodnssbquo SOslashnprodpImcpsS kwLSm _lsquo-hpw t]cnse kwLSm kmayXbpw HutZymKnI ]knleo-IcWszligfnse ]ckyszligfpw Fradicmw lemembXv GXv a-gelPnssbquo ASnyumlmOslashnemsWpartv kaqltOslashmSv hn-iZoIcndegmge `npartnprodpImiquest _m[yyumlcmWv Anotamiquestldividev skradicns alm]m]amdegn AhXcnprodnregv sF FkvFΩns ]ncnregv hn v kzbw Ahtcm[nXcmb AUvtlm-degnssbquo sshkv ]knUsbquomWv ]Xncopyv hiquestjsOslash ]mcordm-cyw AhImisprodSppart kamyenc Kqprodnssbquo mbIge

adeg Ckzvemlo sksbquodnnot Xmakw hsc hmKvZmwsNoslashppart Kq-prodnssbquo innotprodnbmhsacute AtX AUvtlmdegnseaspermilmcw-Kw ]nfiquestprodnssbquo AWnbdbnnot Gsd hnbiquest-sprodm-gpdegnb t-XmdegfmWv apermilp ldividevKqprodpIfpsSbpw Aac-Oslashv BtcmSv ]dbmge Aaiquestjw tXmpartnbntacutem ymbszligƒncOslashn ]-Xntcm[nregntacutem AregSdeg S]SnsbSpOslashntacutemCu Zpch-yumlbnnot npartpw apJw cpoundndegmge Ignbnsradicpartvt-XrXzw Xncnregdnbppartpnev B XncnregdnhmWv kamyen-cdegmcpsS Duiquestdividehpw XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv ]n-partnnot ]hiquest-Oslashnreg AhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart ]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmge t]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXv kzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmw NnradicpIqacutenemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

NpcpdegOslashnnot Ckzvemlo tXmdegfpsSbpw ]hiquestOslash-I-cpsSbpsamsdeg klIcWtOslashmsSbpw ]paramfnOslashtOslashm-sSbpw Sdegppart sumIsf kwLSm kmtparaXnIXzszlig-fpsS t]cnepw kzmiquestinfin Xmnot]cyszligƒdegmbpw XpcparawshdegpIbpw KpcpXcamb ]XnklsquonIƒdegnSbmdegppartA]Iz odegszligfntedegv bndegpIbpw sNbvXhiquestdegv C-szligns ]eXpw tcntSnen hcpw Hcp apPmlnZv ]-finXgeGsXparanepw ldividev Kqprodnssbquo mbIcm-hp-partXnnot sumImWmge XoslashmdmhmOslashhiquest AXnssbquo t]cnnot alOslashm-sbmcp ]yumlmOslashnnot hnasympepnemdegnbhiquest AtXhnjbOslashnnot XethZbp`hndegppartXv sImnev amX-amWv ]cmarbdquo ldividev KqprodpIƒ ChnsS hnjbamhppartXv`npartnprodv tXrXzOslashnssbquo CcacuteOslashmprodpw Im]Syhpw XpdpartvImWndegppart qdp IWdegnv XncnregSnIfnnot ldividev Kqprodpwkzm`mhnIambpw Dƒsprodsacutepartv amXw _lpamsprodacute F]o Aszligv Cnsbparanepw ]dbpI kwLSm ]nfiquestprodnmbnnszligƒ Apartv Dpartbnreg Hmtcm Imcyszligfpw Hcndegnot IqSnkaqlOslashnv appartnnot AhXcnprodndegmge nszligƒdegmhptamAsradicparannot CddegpaXn BZiquestidegmcpsS KqUmtemN-bnepw oNIrXyszligfnepw ]paramfnbmbXnssbquo t]cnnot HcpXncpsOslashparanepw Xmparafnnot npartv ]Xopoundndegmtam BZ-iquesti]cambpw kwLSm]cambpw HmtcmcpOslashcpw XndegvtXmpartnb t]mse hnfbmSppart Hcp IpfOslashnssbquo Imhnot-Itkctbdegmƒ Aeparamchpw AwKoImchpw AXnmbn-cndegpsapartv addegmXncndegpI

XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv]n-partnnot ]hiquest-OslashnregAhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmget]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXvkzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmwNnradicpIq nemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

2010 Pqsse 19

iniquestdegv alm-]m-]-am-sWpartpw hradic-hpw iniquestdegv sN-bvXmnot Ahge Atszlig-bpermilw hgn-]n-g-regp-t]mbhm-sWpartpwhm-tem-I-Oslashp-npartv Xmtgm- p-ho-W-h-s-tprodm-se-bm-sWpartpwhniple Jpiquest-Bge ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Fpartmnot Rszligƒ iniquest-degv sNoslashp-partn-sradic-partmWv Ahiquest hmZn-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Jpiquest-Bge iniquestdegm-sWpartv hyDagger-am-degnb Imcy-szligƒJpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kp-I-fp-sSbpw shfn-reg-Oslashnnot apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaiquestYn-degp-tordmmƒ Rszlig-fpsS t]cnnot iniquestdegm-tcm-]Ww S-Oslashp-I-bmWv nszlig-sfpartv ka-kvX(-Im-yen-]pcw -C sI hn`m-K-szligƒ) kwyumlm kppartnbpw apermilpkppartn-hn- m--K-szligfpw ]N-fi-amb ]Nm-cWw S-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partp

GsX-paranepw hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegv Btcm-]n-degp-part-Xp-sImnev apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒdegv ]tXy-Inregv Hcp tacutehpw e`n-degm-n-radic Fpartmnot iniquestdegv GXv cq]-Oslashnnot Fhn-sS-npartvIS-partp-h-partmepw AXv iniquestdegm-sWpartv Xpd-partp-]-d-bm-pasympBiquestPhw apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ImWn-degm-dp-nev

iniquestdegnssbquo niquesth-Nw ]mam-Wn-I-K-Ÿ-szlig-fnepwka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnepw

Dpart-X-mb Aradicm-lp-hnv ]parap-Im-cs yumlm]n-degp-part-Xn-mWv iniquestsdegpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnnot Cpart hyDaggern]parap-tNiquestOslashp-shpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sm-dp-nev AXv Gpermilhpw henbAhn-izm-k-amWv (Anot ap vcZmOslashv t]Pv 259)

hnK-l-szligsf Bcm-[n-degnot amX-aradic iniquestdegv Fpartmnot]Xm-]-im-en-bmb nssbquo cpoundn-Xm-hnssbquo IqsS Ahge Hgn-sI-bp-asymp-Xns o sXc-strade-Sp-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (^p-Xq-lpnot ssKz_v aJme 7)

iniquestdegv sNoslashpI Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegvBcm-[--biquestprodn-degemWv bYmiquestY-Oslashnnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hge Bcm-[n-deg-sprod-Smge ]permilp-I-bn-radic (X vkodpnot I_oiquesthC-ZvJme epJvamge Fpart Bb-Oslashnssbquo hni-Zo-I-c-Ww)

temI apkvenw-Iƒ AwKo-I-cn-degppart KŸ-szlig-fnse C_m-d-Oslashp-I-fmWv apI-fnnot Dle-cn-reg-Xv Fpartmnot Xszligƒ sNoslashppart iniquestdegn-s- -iniquestdeg-sradicpartv ]dtradev ymbo-I-cn-degppartka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopound-W-szligƒ IqSn ImWp-I

Hcp hyDaggern Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degp-tordmmƒ amXtainiquestdegv hcp-partp-asympq Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv kzbw Ign-hp-snepartv hniz-kn-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (sIm- -prodpdw kwhmZw166 H Fw Xcp-h-W)

Bcm-[--degiquestl-mbn Aradicm-lpsh-tprodmse apermilp ]eXpwDsne-partpasymp hnizm-kw CXn-mWv iniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sp-partXv (Ciquestim-Zpnot C_m-Zv- -a-e-bmf ]cn- mj t]Pv 29 FwFw Cordmn-regn-tdegmb apkveymiquest)

tmdegp-I ka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopoundWOslashnnot HcphyDaggern acn-regmepw Csradic-paranepw Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-knregv

F A_vZpnotAkokv aZn

iniquestdegvBtcm-]-Wtam bmYmiquestYytam

Atplusmn-l-tOslashmSv ]miquestYn-regmte iniquestdegv hcn-I-bp-asympq A]-Imcw Xspart kzbw Ignhv B hnfn-deg-sprod-Sppart BƒdegvDsnepartv hniz-kn-regmte iniquestdegm-hp-I-bp-asympq FX hnNn-X-amb Hcp hopound-W-am-WnXv Jpiquest-Bpw ap - n-dp-Ifpw]hm-N-Ige(k)-bpsS lZo-kp-Ifpw Cu hmZsOslash Jfin-degp-partp o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa nszligƒ hnfnregv]m-iquest-Yn-degppart nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Isfprodpermiln nszligƒ Nnyennregvtmdegp-I Cu qan-bnnot Fyenm-W-hiquest krjvSn-regn- p-asymp-sXpartvnszligƒ Fndegv ImWn-regp-X-cn-I AX-radic BIm-i-szlig-fnnotAhiquestdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem AX-radic mw Ahiquestdegv hradic-K-Ÿhpw notIn-bn v AXnnot npartpasymp sXfn-h-p-k-cn-regmtWmAhiquest ne-sIm-asympp-partXv Fpartmnot AI-a-Im-cn-IƒAtymyw hmKvZmw sNoslashp-partXv hcopy--am-X-am-Ip-partp(^m-Xzniquest 40)

Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

Pemnot atcopycn

icn-bm-Wv Ckz-vemlv amkn-I-bnnotFgp-Xp-partXv ImWpI ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pn-partp-I-sfbpw apermilm-scbpw hnfn-regp-tX-Smge ]mSn-sradicpartpw ]miquestY--degp-Oslashcw evImge A-hiquest-degv Ign-bn-sradicpartpw Jpiquest-Bge sΩ ]Tn-prodn-degppartp (C-kz-vemlv amkn-I 2006 Unwk-_iquest adtradeamiquestKhpw kpradic-an-bpsS hnh-c-tdeg-Spw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemln t]Pv 6) ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhn-fnregp tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Cu tUmIvSiquest ChnsSFgp-Xp-partp Cu hnUvVnOslashw i_m-_nnot ]nSn-Iq-Sn-b-tprodmƒPnpartpw knlvdpw aS-hq-cn-I-fpsS Zpjv]-Nm-c-Whpw Fpartt]-cnnot Ctplusmnlw Xspart ]kn-leo-I-cnreg ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot-hn-fnregp tXSmge ]mSn-sradic-partpw ]dtrade mKw shacuten-am-permiln-bmWvF-gp-Xp-part-Xv

AXnssbquo ]qiquestW-cq]w ImWpI apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ Fhn-sS-bmWv Pnpartns hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-tradeXv Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw ]d-trade-Xmbn Cu Iasymp-hm-Zn-Iƒdegv sXfn-bn-degmge km[n-degptam adnregv Aradicm-lp-h-radicmOslash bmsXm-partn-tmSpw AXv Pnpartm-I-sacute hen-oslashm-Isacute ae-degm-Isacute hnfnregv]miquestYn-degp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSpasympq FpartmWv apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaq-lsOslash ]-Tnprodnregp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv aS-hq-cn-I-tf BSns ]acuten-bm-degppart nszlig-fpsS Cu hrOslashn-sIacute Xyenw hn kn Ipacuten-I-fp-sS ASpOslashp aXn apPm-ln-Zp-IƒdegnS-bnnot AXv sNe-hm-Inradic (Pnpartpw knlvdpw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemlnt]Pv 23) ]acutensb BSm-degp-hmge thnen ae-degp-IsfbpwPn-partp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Ckz-vem-lnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv Aacuten-a-dnregv Ah-X-cn-prodn-degp-I-bmWv tUm-IvSiquest Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot sNoslashp-part-Xv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degnot iniquestdegm-sWpartpw Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvamXta ]miquestYn-degp-hmge ]mSp-asympp-shpartpw kppartn-I-fnnot s]acutehen-sbmcp hn`mKw apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp-nev

CXp ]d-bp-hmge apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS ]asympn-Ifpw yumlm]--szligfpw kzOslashpw ssIh-i-sprod-SpOslashn ke^n thjw [cnregvS-degppart h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsS Bh-iy-an-radic ac-W-sprod--h-sc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip-vdp-am-Wv CXp-t]mse Xspart ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sf-

bpw hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip vdp-am-Wv CXp Xspart-bm-bn-cppartp apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHpartmw XnbXn sXmacutepasymp apJy ]t_m-[ hnj-bw ]asympn-bpw yumlm]--szligfpw Ahiquest niquestan-regXv CXv ]d-bp-hm-m-Wv ae-degp-I-fpsSbpw Pnpartp-I-fpsSbpw Ign-hnpartv Aprodp-d-apasympXv tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-iquest ]d-bp-partp ae-degnssbquobpw Pnpartp-I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hnssbquo]cn-[n-Iƒ nrsaquo-bn-degp-hmge apdegv km[y-a-sradicpartpw ChiquestXspart ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Ch-cpsS Cu ASnyumlm XXz-]-

Im-chpw ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp iniquestdegn-sbpwIp vdn-sbpw ]nSn-IqSn Xulo-Zm-degp-hmgeian-degp-part-hiquestdegv Hcp-Xcw AlsquoX _m[n-regn-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Chiquest FyenmWv ]d-bp-Ibpw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNoslashp-part-sXpartvChiquestdegpXspart Adn-bp-partn-radic

CkvXn-Km-kbpwaX-]-fin-X-summcpw

]qiquesthn-I-cmb andeg aX-]-fin-X-summcpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregv klmbwtXSn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv ka-kvX-bnse

apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp kXym-hkvY hnh-cn-degmtam

A_vZpnotI-cow sImregn

hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

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AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

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A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

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2010 Pqsse28

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

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(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

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AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK

Pnpartv ]nimNv hnj-b-Oslashnnot tIcf PwC-oslash-OslashpnotDe-a-bpsS ne]mSv

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2 Fw apl-ΩZv aZn

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3 Sn ]n A_vZp-radic-tdegmb aZn

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4 F ]n A_vZpnot JmZniquest auehn

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CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 9

2010 Pqsse10

5 Fkv Fw sFZoZv Xszligƒ

(sN-biquestamge sI sP bp Xvhm t_miquestUv)

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GXmbmepw 2007 not CX Kuc-h-ambn ]TwXpSszlign aqpartv hiquestjw nc-yen-c-ambn Niquestreg-Iƒ Ac-tszlig-dp-tordmmgpw Pnpartp-Iq-Sepw ASn-regn-d-degepw FXn-cm-fn-Isf

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degpw ]nSn -regp -n -e vdegm-

pasymp Xyen-am-Wv A-

ysc D]-Z-hn-degmge

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cnoslash Ctprodmgpw ]d-bppartp AsX Fpartv

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deg-fmtWm aqdegp-I-bdnacuteXv ImOslashn-cppartp ImWmw

2010 Pqsse 11

icn-Iƒ t_m[y-sprod-Sp-tordmmƒ bmsXmcp ssha--kyhpwIqSmsX Ahsb kzoI-cn-degp-Ibpw sXpermilp-Iƒ a- n-em-hp-tordmmƒ Fyenv XymKw klnregpw Ah shSn-bp-Ibpw sNoslashpI FpartXv ]mc-XnI cpound epoundy-am-degppart Hmtcm hnizm-kn-bp-sSbpw ASn-yumlm _m[y-X-bm-Wv hniple ]am-W-szlig-fpsS shfn-reg-Oslashnnot Zons X-Xmb coXn-bnnot ]t_m-[w sNoslashp-Ibpw al-Oslashmb B Iiquesta-]-le-Xndegp appartnnotkIe ]tIm-]--szlig-sfbpw ]tem- --szlig-sfbpw XrW-hnotKWn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashppart apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHmtcm ]hiquestOslash-Ipw Cu KpW-szligƒ kzm`m-hn-I-ambpwDnem-th-ne-Xp-am-Wv AOslash-c-Oslashnnot icn-sbpartv nregv Ncnreghgn-bnse Xnsum-Iƒ IsneOslashn Ah-tbmSv hnS-]-d-bmgekm[nreg Hcp hyDaggern-bmWv Cu Ipdn-prodp-Im-cge

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Cubpasymp-hge F ]n hn`mKw apPm-lnZv kwL-S--hn vtUm C sI AlvaZvIp- nbpw kn ]n Daiquestkp-radic-anbpw bn-degppart kwL-S--bn-tedegv hpart-tprodmƒ F ]n hn`m-K-Oslashnnots] -hcpw BZiquesti-sa-yen-part-dn-bm-Oslash-h-cp-amb hnh-cw-sIacuteNne Ae-h-em-Xn-Iƒ Cubp-asymp-hs kw_-lsquonregv ]epW-]-Nm-c-W-szligfpw S-Oslashp-I-bp-nem-bn Rmge Fyenn-mWv]kvXpX kwL-S--hn- Xv Fpartv ]N-cn-prodn-degmge Cubp-asymp-hge Bscbpw Npa-X-e-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- n-radic Fssbquo a- p-ambn _lsquo-sprod-Sppart ]iv-szligƒ Adn-bm-hp-partXv Ayiquestdeg-radic AXv Fndegpw Aradicm-lp-hnpw Adn-bmw CXv HcpapPm-lnZv ]hiquestOslash-Is ]Tn-prodn-tdeg-ne-Xn-radic Ah-cpsSkwL-S--hn-Sm-pasymp Imc-W-szligƒ hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp

2002not apPm-lnZv kwL-S ]nfiquestpart-tprodmƒ cnevhiquestj-tOslashmfw tIcfw apgp-hge apg-szlign-tdegacute Hc-]-hmZ ]Nm-c-W-am-bn-cppartp aS-hq-cn-Iƒdegv BZiquesti-hy-Xn-bmw kw -hn-regn-cn-degppartp Fpart-Xv BZy-Im-e-szlig-fnnot Cubp-asymp-hpw Ipd-regp-Imew AtX-permilp-]m-Sn-bn-cppartp FpartXv Hcp kXy-am-WvAh-kmw ssZhn-I-amb inpound Fpart ne-bnnot Btcm-]-I-summ-cn-te-degp-Xspart ]kvXpX Btcm-]Ww Xncn-regp-hpartpFpart-XmWv hkvXp-X Cubp-asymp-hge h-bm-Ym-yumln-IscIsoslashm-gn-bm-pasymp ][m--amb ImcWw BZiquesti-hy-Xn-bmwXspart-bm-Wv BZiquesti-hy-Xn-bm--Oslashnssbquo XpSdegw RmgeImWp-partXv sNΩm v ]asympn-an-ordm-dnnot npartm-Wv AhnsS amk-szlig-tfmfw apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnssbquo t]cnnot Pnpartp sshIr-X-szlig-fpsS DΩm-a-deg-Y-Iƒ iwkp-plusmnoge ]meOslashv Ah-X-cn-prodn-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Aszligs ]cn-ip-le-amb ]asympn anordmiquest Pnpartp-a-b-ambn amdp-Ibpw kzyenw AWn-I-fnnots]acute Nne tXm-

Nmen-e-IOslashv Fwknkn ktlm-Z-c-summiquestsI Fw aue-hn kn F auehn XpS-szlignb

alm-summ-cmb ]fin-X-cpsS ]t_m-[]hiquestOslash--szligƒdegv thZn-bm-bn-cppart Xncq-c-szligmSn Xd-Ωnot Ppam-akvPnZnse JOslasho-_mbn hiquestj-szlig-fmbn ]hiquestOslashn-degppartFn-degv Ahiquest bnreg Cu BZiquesti

]yumlm--Oslashnssbquo t]cnnot S-degppart hyXn-bm--szlig-tfmSv cmPn-bm-hmge Hcn-degepw Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic uXnI ]tem- --szligfpwyumlm-am--szligfpw kXy-Oslashnssbquo ]mX-bn-te-

degpasymp XS- -am-h-cp-X-tradicm

2010 Pqsse12

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h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bm-pasymp BZiquesti-]-c-amb

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aspermilm-cp-Im-c-Ww 13102009v kI-cnoslashm kzem-ln-bpsSPnpartp-hmZw Niquestreg sNoslashm-mbn ]pfn-degnot aZo--Oslashpnot DeqwHmUn-tpermilm-dn-b-Oslashnnot PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot Deam FIvkn-Iyp- o-hn-ssbquobpw ^Xvhm t_miquestUn-ssbquobpw Hcp kwbp-Dagger-tbmKwhnfn-regp-tNiquestOslashn-cp-partp tbmK-Oslashnnot A_vZpiquestdlvamgeke^n kI-cnoslashm kzem-ln-bpsS ]pXnb Pnpartp-hm-ZsOslashnin-X-ambn hnaiquestin-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Iptd kabw ]kvXp-X-tbm-K-Oslashnnot Pnpartp-Kqprodpw Bsbquon Pnpartp Kqprodpw XΩnnotiDagger-amb hmKzmZw S-partp Chn-sS-shregv ke- ndegv adp-]Sn ]d-bmge Ap-aXn e`n-degmOslash kI-cnoslash kzemln]npartoSv Xvhm t_miquestUv saordmiquestamiquestdegv Xssbquo ]cm-Xn-IfpwhmZ-szligfpw Xmge apordmv ]dtrade A_-le-szligfpw Dƒsdegm-asympn-regp-sImnev IOslashv sImSp-degp-I-bp-nem-bn ]kvXpX IOslashnssbquo

Anot-Ckzvemln-te-degpasymp krjvSn-Ifpw A`n-]m-b-szligfpw niquesttZ-i-szligfpw Xmsg hnem-k-Oslashnnot Ab-degp-I ]kn-leo-I-c-W-tbm-Ky-ambkw`-h-szligƒ FgpXn Adn-bn-degp-Itbm hnfn-reg-dn-bn-degp-Itbm sNoslashmw

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv tImgn-tdegmSv 2t^muml 9447232531 9633010100

AnotCkzvemlv

2010 Pqsse 13

cnemw t]Pnnot knlvdpw ItAEligdpw en-degp-I-bnradic Fpartvapordmv Atplusmnlw ]kw-Kn-regn-cp-part-Xmbn tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-nev Ctprodmƒ Atplusmnlw ]d-tradep--S-degp-partXv AXn-spart-Xn-cm-Wv AXnssbquo Bdmw t]Pnnot Pnpartp-Iƒ ap-jy-i-co-c-OslashnnotIb-dn-degq-Sn-bmnot AXnv NnIn-rsquo--SOslashmw Fpartpw tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-nev ]qiquestho-I-Im-e-L- -szlig-fnnot ]e ]ptcm-ln-X-summcpw knle-summcpw bph-Xn-Isf Pnpartn-d-degmgethnen Ccp-acutep-ap-dn-degp-asympnnot ]th-in-prodnregv ]oUn-prodn-degm-dp-nem-bn-cp-partpCkvemlo ]yumlmw hfsc apordmp-Xspart COslashcw Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-sfbpw Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw FXniquestOslashp-t]m-part-Xm-Wv CXnssbquo Hsdeg CS-bn-emWv aspermilmcp BZiquesti-hy-Xn-bm--kw- hw Ziquestin-degp-part-Xv AYhm nregv Hm v SqOslashv Ub-d-IvSiquest Zpss_ ssiJnssbquo Nmh-Sn-b-yenn-c-Oslashnnot ]spara-Sp-Oslash-Xmbn t^mtacutem klnXw ImWm-n-S-bm-bn CXpw h-bm-Ym-yumln-I-cpsS Im]Syw a- n-em-degmge Imc-W-am-bn Bsc-paranepw iniquestdegp-Iƒtdegm _nZv-A-Oslashp-Iƒtdegm ]nyenpWnotIn-b-Xp-sIm-neradic Cubp-asymp-hge kwL-S--hn- -Xv adn-regv COslashcw XvhIfpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw S-Oslashn-bn v kwL-S Ahsc tNmZyw sNoslashp-I-t]m-epw-sN-oslashmsX n w-KX]men-degp-IbmWv sNbvX-Xv AXp-sIm-nem-Wv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-trade-Xv

CXn-ssbquo-sbmsdeg CS-bn-em-Wv Ckzvemlv amkn-I-bpsSiniquestdegv ]Nm-c-Whpw S-partn-cp-part-Xv Pnpartn-tmSpw ae-degn-tmSpw klm-bw-tX-Smw Ahiquest `uXnI Pohn-I-fm-Wvkpsse-amge _n(-A) Pnpartp-I-tfmSv klmbw tXSn-bn- p-nev kemw kpradic-anbpw sNdn-b-apnew A_vZpnotl-aoZv aZ-nbpw A]-Imcw tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- pnev Fpartn-szligst]mIppartp ymbo-I-c-Ww e-Oslashnnot XuloZv ]d-bm-pasympkzmXyenyw t]mepw Cu h-bm-Ym-yumln-Iiquest Cradicm-Xm-degnBsc-paranepw Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw XuloZv ]d-trademnot bmYm-yumlnI apkveym-deg-summiquest ]Ziquestin-prodn-degp-partXv kI-cnoslashm kzem-ln-bpsS Pnpartp-I-tfmSv klmbw tXSmw ae-degp-I-tfmSvklmbw tXSmw Fpart ]kw-K-Im-k-permilm-Wv Pnpartp-Ifpw ae-degp-Ifpw ac-W-sprod- -hcpw sΩ kw_-lsquon-treg-S-tOslashmfw AZr-iy-cmWv A`u-Xn-I-cp-am-Wv AXp-shregv apkveymdegƒdegvapPm-ln-Zp-Isf hnaiquestin-degmge ]bm-k-an-radic kwL-SBZiquesti-Oslashnssbquo hgn-bn-tedegv Xncn-regp-h-cptam Fpartv Fradicm]co-pound-W-szligfpw S-Oslashn-b-Xn-p-ti-j-amWv Cubpasymp-hgeh-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bp-part-Xv Ah-kmw Cubp-asymp-hge Pnpartp-_m-[sb kw_-lsquonregpw Ch-cpsS ]pXnbhmZ-szligsf Jfin-regp-sImnepw Jpiquest-Bge amXw sXfn-hm-degn-sdegmnev Anota-miquest amkn-I-bn-tedegv Hcp teJw Fgp-Xn kI-cnoslashm kzemln sNmSndegpw Fpart Imc-W-Oslashmnot]kvXpX teJw FSp-Oslashn-radic

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tXrXzw ]cn-an-X-am-Ipw ]ikvXn jvS-sprod-Spw Ah-kmw ac-W-Oslashn-p-ap-ordmp-X-spart tXr-Ip-prodmbw Agn-regp-sh-tdeg-nen-h-cpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bmge apermilp ]e Imc-W-szlig-fp-ap-nev Ah-Iƒ AX-]-[m--a-sradic-paranepw Fgp-Xm-Xn-cn-degmgeniquesthm-l-an-radic F ]n apPm-lnZv ]yumlmw nb-yenn-degp-partXv AXnssbquo ]fin-X-kw-L-S--ap-Xnot Fw Fkv Fwhsc Nne tImdeg-kp-I-fm-Wv ]kvXpX tImdeg-kp-I-fmWvtXr-cw-K-tOslashdegv ]m-ep-I-fp-nem-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nemWv]kvXpX kwL-Sm tXr-n-c-bn-tedegv ]pXnb HcmƒIS-partp-h-cm-Oslash-Xpw IS-partp-h-part-hge ]pd-Oslashp-t]m-Im-Oslash-XpwaX-]-c-amb hnj-b-szlig-fntem atpermilm Cu tImdeg-kp-I-fnnotsprodacuteBsc-sb-paranepw FXniquestOslashmnot Ahge Xg-b-sprod-Spw Cubp-asymp-h-sbpw Aszligs Xg-tradep-niquestOslashmpw Hpermil-sprod-Sm-Oslashmpw appartp-m-ep-sImradicwap-ordmvXspart Hcp iaw S-partn- p-nev ]spound AXX Imcy-ambn FSp-Oslashn-cp-partn-radic AXpwIiquesta-im-kvX-]-c-amb Nne hnj-b-szlig-fnnot tcp-]-d-trade-Xnssbquot]cn-em-bn-cp-partp ZAvhOslashv(-]-t_m-[-w)-cw-KOslashv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-sb-partXv tXr-tam-ltam A[n-Im-c-tam-ltam AradicAXv Hmtcm hyDaggerndegpw a-kvImcw tmordmp-t]mse niquest_-lsquo-amb Imcy-am-Wv AXv A[-n-Im-c-tam-l-am-sWpartv ]N-cn-prodn-degp-part-hge Ckvem-anssbquo _me-]m-Tw-t]mepw Adn-bmOslash ]Sp-hn-UvVn-bm-Wv

PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot De-am -bnnot Cubp-asymp-hge^Xvhmt_miquestUv saordm-dpw hmZ-]-Xn-hmZw ]Tn-degppart ]fin-X-summ-cpsS D]-tZ-i-Ik-an-Xn-bnse Hcp saordm-dpw-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-partp AOslashcw henb yumlm-szligƒ Hgn-hm-degn-sdegm-nemWvCu kwL-S--bn-tedegv hpart-Xv AXv BZiquesti-Oslashn-p-th-nen-bm-Wv Cu kwL-S--bnnot Cubp-asymp-hge Hcp yumlmhpwAe-para-cn-degp-partn-radic Ωp-sS epoundyw ZAvhOslashm-Wv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bm-pasymp aspermilmcp ImcWw Ah-cn-epasymp XJveoZv(-A-lsquo-amb Ap-I-c-Ww) atm- m-h-am-WvAnot_mn aZvl-_p-Imcpw apermilpasymp Nne aue-hn-amscXJveoZv sNoslashp-part-hcpw AXnnot nc-h-[n-bm-Wv ]tXy-InregvBZiquestiw a- n-em-degmsX Cu ASpOslash ImeOslashv AXn-tedegv hpartn- pasymp sNdp-prod-degm-cn-emWv Cu ]h-WX A[n-Ihpw Inep-h-cp-part-Xv Nne-cpsS XmSn-bpsS of-Oslashnpwapermilp Nne-cpsS ]kw-K-Oslashnse cmK-szligƒdegpw aqf-ep-IƒdegpwAan-X-amb ]m[myw notIn ]acutemordmn `mKOslashv PnreghyDaggern-sb-tprodmepw jmiquestP-bnse ssiJmbn sImnep--S-degp-partp

apPm-lnZv ]yumlmw apordmv ]t_m-[w sNbvXn-cppartandeg-hmdpw Imcy-szligƒdegv Cdegq- iquest FXn-cm-Wv Hcp ]yumlm--Oslashnnot Ahiquest sXpermilp sNoslashp-partn-sradic-paranepw AXnv hfw-sh-regp-sIm-Sp-degp-partXpw sXpermilp sNoslashp-part-Xnp Xpey-am-Wv Iiquesta-im-kvX-]-c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot apordmv Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw kppart-Oslashn-ssbquobpw ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot mw ]hiquestOslashn-regp-t]m-cppart]e Iiquesta-szlig-fnepw amkmyenw hyXym-k-szligƒ hcpOslashn]pXnb Iiquesta-im-kvX-szligƒ cq]-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partpPnpartp-tk-h-Iƒdegpw knlvdv _m[degpw Aan-X-amb]m[myw notIn P-szligsf Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-fnnot Xf-regn-Smge Xoh-iaw S-degp-partp tXrXzw n -lm-bcpw n w-K-cp-ambn tmdegn-nnotdegp-partp COslash-c-samcp Iqacutem-bva-bnnotFsyenmsdeg `uXnI s]men-a-Ifpw ]Xm-kp-Ifpw ]W-sdegm-gpprodpw Dsne-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Ap-K-lhpwimizX hnP-b-Oslashn-pasymp Aiquestl-Xbpw AhnsS Hcn-degepwe`n-degn-radic Aradicmlp cpoundn-deg-sacute

2010 Pqsse14

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse ]nfiquestprodnssbquo ]rsaquom-Oslash-e-Oslashnnot ]apJ ]fin-Xge A_vZp emwkpradic-ansb njvI-cpWw hnaiquestin-degp-part-h-tcmSv thZ-n-degppart a-t m-sSbpwKpW-Imw-pound-tbm-sSbpw Nne Imcy-szligƒ Ipdn-degp-I-bm-Wv

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]pkvX-I-szlig-fpsS t]cnepw teJ--szlig-fpsS t]cnepwBtcm-]-W-szligƒ Dpart-bn-deg-sprod- -h-sc tmdegp-I lpsskgeaS-hqiquest Fw Fw Zvhn sI sI apl-ΩZv kpradic-an Ip -traquo-cn sNdn-b-apnew laoZv aZ-n Chn-sS-sbmpartpw kemw-kp-radic-anbpsS t]cv hpartnradic ]pkvX-I-szligfpw Cradic

Anota-m-dnnot aiquestlqw sI ]nbpsS ImeOslashv tNmtZym-Oslashcw evImge Gev]n-deg-sprod- Xv kemw kpradic-an-sb-bm-bn-cppartp FpartXv F ]n hn`mKw Xspart kΩ-Xn-degp-partp

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Hcp lZokv KŸw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-b-tprodmƒ AXnse apgp-hge lZo-kp-Ifpw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-Ibpw hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bh Nqnen-degm-Wn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-I-b-radicmsXkzyenw ne-bnnot Atplusmnlw GXv lZo-kmWv Xasympn-deg-f-tradeXv

HmiquestdegpI Ch-sbmsdeg ]pd-Oslashn-d-szlign-bXv kwL-Sm]iv-Oslashnv apordmm-bn-cp-partp Aspartmpartpw kpradic-an-bpsStNmcdegv thnen Bcpw InX-bvdegp-partp-nem-bn-cp-partnradic

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kvXo apJw ad-bvdegWw Fpartv ]dtrade C_vp_mkns mw Fyenv hnfn-deg-Ww

kp_-lndegv JqqOslashv HmXp-partXnv mw hntcm-[-sampartpw ImWp-partn-radic Fspart-gp-Xnb sI Daiquest aue-hnsbmw Fszligs ImWWw

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i_oiquest FS-degpfwkpradic-ansbISn-regp-Io-dp-part-h-tcmSv

2010 Pqsse 15

h[w sNbvXpthm mb-bpsS Xe H-gn-hm-degn-bmnot _mdegnP sradicpartv ]d-tradeXv kemw-kp-radic-an-b-radictradicm Camw amen-degsradic Fpartnacutepw B ]fin-Xsc mw BZ-cn-degp-partp

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Iptraden-tdegmb amAtildeiquest sIm -prodpdw

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hmnotdegjvWw COslash-c-samcp kw`hw Hcp _lp-aXkaq-l-Oslashnnot ]N-cW hnj-b-am-hp-part-Xnse Au-Nn-Xy-hpw Nneiquestsdeg-paranepw CXp-nem-degppart thZ-bpw Adn-bm-traden- -radic Akokv aue-hnsb Aym-b-ambn ISn-regp-Io-dn-b--tprodmƒ auw ]men-reg-Xnv hnNn-yen--apƒsprod-sS-bpasymp ]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot aue-hn-sdeg-Xnsc Cu iniquestdegm-tcm-]WwXpSiquestpart-tprodmƒ AXnv XW-te-In-b-Xn-v auehn acn-regn- p-t]mepw DpartX tXm-degƒ tXrXzw evIppart ]asympn-I-fn-se anordm-dp-I-fnnot hsc Cu ]N-cWw XpSiquestpart-Xn-v aue-hn--bpsS _lsquop-deg-fpsS IAEligocpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw Inen-sradic-partv Sn-reg-Xnv nszligƒsdegyenv hni-Zo-IcWw evIm-m-hpw AtXm-sSmprodw Cnsb-paranepw B Zpjv]-hr-OslashndegvHcp XncpOslashv nszlig-fnnot ]Xo-poundn-degmtam

2010 Pqsse16

Hcp IpfOslashnnot Ipsd XhfIƒ Ipfnregp sImnencndegp-partp IpfOslashnv Imhembn Icbnnot Hcp Babpw Ccn-degp-partp AXp hgn hpart Hcp ]mhw Xhfsdegmcp tamlw Ip-f-Oslashnsempartp Ipfnregmseyenm AXv tsc BabpsS A-SpOslashv t]mbn hyXtbmsS Imcyw AhXcnprodnregp ]permilnradicBa Ipdregv ImiquestdegiytOslashmsSbmWXv ]dtradeXv AtprodmƒA-hscmsdeg IpfndegpparttXm IpfOslashnnot NmSndegfndegppartXhfIsf Nqnen B Xhf tNmZnregp Ahscmpartpw F-tpartmSv ApaXn tNmZnregn nradicFpartmbncppartp BabpsS a-dp]Sn GXmnev Cu Babp-sS tdmfnemWv npartn-prodp-]m-f-bOslashnse tXrXzw kwLS-m-]ctam BZiquesti]ctam B-b Imcyszligsf Ipdnregv apermilpasymp-hiquest-sdegXncnnot hradic-Btcm-]Wszligtfm ]kvXmh-I-tfm SOslashptordmmƒ Chiquestdegvqdp mhmWv Fpartmnot A-tX Imcyszligƒdegv hncpleam-bh kz-yenw ]finXgeamcpwtXmdegfpw XpSiquestpartv hcppart-Xv Nq-nendegmWnregmnot Ah-scm-partpw XszligfpsS ApaXnhm-szlign-bnacutenradic Fpart adp]Sn-bpw Fpartnacutepw sacuteradicv ImWn-degm ---Oslash-sXtyen Fpart kwi-bOslashnmhs HmsesdegmnevRΩdegv s]cvOslashv ImcynevHmse s]Wdegym RΩdegvAbnsdegmƒ s]cvOslashv tZm-jq-nev FpartmWpOslashcw etam BZiquesti b ne]mSp-I-fnnot Hcp kmordmmiquest appartWnbmbn F ]n apPm-ln-ZpIƒ A-[]XndegpIbpw sNbvXp AregSdegcmlnXy-sOslash-bpw BibkwLacuteszligsfbpw hngpprodedegepIsfbpw tNcntprodmcns-bpw ]Wsdegmgpprodnssbquo ]pIaddegpffnnot Hfn-prodndegmge F-degmeOslashpamhnsradicpart XncnregdnhnemWv `npartn-prodpImiquest C-tprodmƒ

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2010 Pqsse16

2010 Pqsse 17

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2010 Pqsse 17

2010 Pqsse18

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2010 Pqsse 19

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hnK-l-szligsf Bcm-[n-degnot amX-aradic iniquestdegv Fpartmnot]Xm-]-im-en-bmb nssbquo cpoundn-Xm-hnssbquo IqsS Ahge Hgn-sI-bp-asymp-Xns o sXc-strade-Sp-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (^p-Xq-lpnot ssKz_v aJme 7)

iniquestdegv sNoslashpI Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegvBcm-[--biquestprodn-degemWv bYmiquestY-Oslashnnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hge Bcm-[n-deg-sprod-Smge ]permilp-I-bn-radic (X vkodpnot I_oiquesthC-ZvJme epJvamge Fpart Bb-Oslashnssbquo hni-Zo-I-c-Ww)

temI apkvenw-Iƒ AwKo-I-cn-degppart KŸ-szlig-fnse C_m-d-Oslashp-I-fmWv apI-fnnot Dle-cn-reg-Xv Fpartmnot Xszligƒ sNoslashppart iniquestdegn-s- -iniquestdeg-sradicpartv ]dtradev ymbo-I-cn-degppartka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopound-W-szligƒ IqSn ImWp-I

Hcp hyDaggern Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degp-tordmmƒ amXtainiquestdegv hcp-partp-asympq Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv kzbw Ign-hp-snepartv hniz-kn-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (sIm- -prodpdw kwhmZw166 H Fw Xcp-h-W)

Bcm-[--degiquestl-mbn Aradicm-lpsh-tprodmse apermilp ]eXpwDsne-partpasymp hnizm-kw CXn-mWv iniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sp-partXv (Ciquestim-Zpnot C_m-Zv- -a-e-bmf ]cn- mj t]Pv 29 FwFw Cordmn-regn-tdegmb apkveymiquest)

tmdegp-I ka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopoundWOslashnnot HcphyDaggern acn-regmepw Csradic-paranepw Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-knregv

F A_vZpnotAkokv aZn

iniquestdegvBtcm-]-Wtam bmYmiquestYytam

Atplusmn-l-tOslashmSv ]miquestYn-regmte iniquestdegv hcn-I-bp-asympq A]-Imcw Xspart kzbw Ignhv B hnfn-deg-sprod-Sppart BƒdegvDsnepartv hniz-kn-regmte iniquestdegm-hp-I-bp-asympq FX hnNn-X-amb Hcp hopound-W-am-WnXv Jpiquest-Bpw ap - n-dp-Ifpw]hm-N-Ige(k)-bpsS lZo-kp-Ifpw Cu hmZsOslash Jfin-degp-partp o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa nszligƒ hnfnregv]m-iquest-Yn-degppart nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Isfprodpermiln nszligƒ Nnyennregvtmdegp-I Cu qan-bnnot Fyenm-W-hiquest krjvSn-regn- p-asymp-sXpartvnszligƒ Fndegv ImWn-regp-X-cn-I AX-radic BIm-i-szlig-fnnotAhiquestdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem AX-radic mw Ahiquestdegv hradic-K-Ÿhpw notIn-bn v AXnnot npartpasymp sXfn-h-p-k-cn-regmtWmAhiquest ne-sIm-asympp-partXv Fpartmnot AI-a-Im-cn-IƒAtymyw hmKvZmw sNoslashp-partXv hcopy--am-X-am-Ip-partp(^m-Xzniquest 40)

Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

Pemnot atcopycn

icn-bm-Wv Ckz-vemlv amkn-I-bnnotFgp-Xp-partXv ImWpI ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pn-partp-I-sfbpw apermilm-scbpw hnfn-regp-tX-Smge ]mSn-sradicpartpw ]miquestY--degp-Oslashcw evImge A-hiquest-degv Ign-bn-sradicpartpw Jpiquest-Bge sΩ ]Tn-prodn-degppartp (C-kz-vemlv amkn-I 2006 Unwk-_iquest adtradeamiquestKhpw kpradic-an-bpsS hnh-c-tdeg-Spw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemln t]Pv 6) ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhn-fnregp tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Cu tUmIvSiquest ChnsSFgp-Xp-partp Cu hnUvVnOslashw i_m-_nnot ]nSn-Iq-Sn-b-tprodmƒPnpartpw knlvdpw aS-hq-cn-I-fpsS Zpjv]-Nm-c-Whpw Fpartt]-cnnot Ctplusmnlw Xspart ]kn-leo-I-cnreg ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot-hn-fnregp tXSmge ]mSn-sradic-partpw ]dtrade mKw shacuten-am-permiln-bmWvF-gp-Xp-part-Xv

AXnssbquo ]qiquestW-cq]w ImWpI apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ Fhn-sS-bmWv Pnpartns hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-tradeXv Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw ]d-trade-Xmbn Cu Iasymp-hm-Zn-Iƒdegv sXfn-bn-degmge km[n-degptam adnregv Aradicm-lp-h-radicmOslash bmsXm-partn-tmSpw AXv Pnpartm-I-sacute hen-oslashm-Isacute ae-degm-Isacute hnfnregv]miquestYn-degp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSpasympq FpartmWv apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaq-lsOslash ]-Tnprodnregp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv aS-hq-cn-I-tf BSns ]acuten-bm-degppart nszlig-fpsS Cu hrOslashn-sIacute Xyenw hn kn Ipacuten-I-fp-sS ASpOslashp aXn apPm-ln-Zp-IƒdegnS-bnnot AXv sNe-hm-Inradic (Pnpartpw knlvdpw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemlnt]Pv 23) ]acutensb BSm-degp-hmge thnen ae-degp-IsfbpwPn-partp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Ckz-vem-lnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv Aacuten-a-dnregv Ah-X-cn-prodn-degp-I-bmWv tUm-IvSiquest Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot sNoslashp-part-Xv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degnot iniquestdegm-sWpartpw Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvamXta ]miquestYn-degp-hmge ]mSp-asympp-shpartpw kppartn-I-fnnot s]acutehen-sbmcp hn`mKw apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp-nev

CXp ]d-bp-hmge apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS ]asympn-Ifpw yumlm]--szligfpw kzOslashpw ssIh-i-sprod-SpOslashn ke^n thjw [cnregvS-degppart h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsS Bh-iy-an-radic ac-W-sprod--h-sc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip-vdp-am-Wv CXp-t]mse Xspart ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sf-

bpw hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip vdp-am-Wv CXp Xspart-bm-bn-cppartp apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHpartmw XnbXn sXmacutepasymp apJy ]t_m-[ hnj-bw ]asympn-bpw yumlm]--szligfpw Ahiquest niquestan-regXv CXv ]d-bp-hm-m-Wv ae-degp-I-fpsSbpw Pnpartp-I-fpsSbpw Ign-hnpartv Aprodp-d-apasympXv tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-iquest ]d-bp-partp ae-degnssbquobpw Pnpartp-I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hnssbquo]cn-[n-Iƒ nrsaquo-bn-degp-hmge apdegv km[y-a-sradicpartpw ChiquestXspart ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Ch-cpsS Cu ASnyumlm XXz-]-

Im-chpw ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp iniquestdegn-sbpwIp vdn-sbpw ]nSn-IqSn Xulo-Zm-degp-hmgeian-degp-part-hiquestdegv Hcp-Xcw AlsquoX _m[n-regn-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Chiquest FyenmWv ]d-bp-Ibpw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNoslashp-part-sXpartvChiquestdegpXspart Adn-bp-partn-radic

CkvXn-Km-kbpwaX-]-fin-X-summcpw

]qiquesthn-I-cmb andeg aX-]-fin-X-summcpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregv klmbwtXSn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv ka-kvX-bnse

apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp kXym-hkvY hnh-cn-degmtam

A_vZpnotI-cow sImregn

hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

d_o-Dnot Ahnot amk-Oslashnnot DZn-prodn-reg-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege Xspart-bp-a-radic kiquesth-tem-I-szligfpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnpapordmmbn Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]Imiw (qiquest) Dnem-degp-Ibpw]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv ma-I-cWwsNbvX-h-p-am-b-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege CXm-Wn-XnssbquoAiquestYw ]spound hniple Jpiquest-B-n-s XInSw adn-degm-pasymp ia-Oslashnssbquo mK-ambpasymp Hcp Ap-I-c-W-am-Wn-hnsSImWp-part-Xv Jpiquest-B-nse kqd-Oslashpnot Ckvdm-Cse Hpartm-asOslash BbOslashpw ageIqkv auen-Znssbquo BZysOslash Cuhmdegp-Ifpw a- n-cpOslashn Hpartv hmbnregp tmdegq XnIregpwJpiquest-B-n-tmSv InS-]n-Sn-degm-pasymp KqV iaw AXnnot Hfn-tradep-In-S-degp-part-Xmbn t_m-[y-sprod-Spw AsX Jpiquest-Bge hN--szligsftprodmse sIacuten-degq-acuten-bp-nemdegn _n(-k)-bpsSaZvlmWv ]d-bp-part-sXpartv hymtP CkvemansOslashspart Ifn-bm-degp-I-bm-Wn-hiquest Aszlig-s-bm-W-hiquest t]Sn-kz]vszligfpwDddegw sISp-Oslashn-I-fp-am-b-Xv kiquesth-tem-Iszlig-sfbpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnp apordmv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-bpsS Hfnhv (qiquest)krjvSn-regp-nem-degn-sbpartpw ]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hmWv ma-I-cWw sNbvX-sX-partp-amWvaueq-Zp-Im-cge Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)bpsSPw Dnem-b-tprodm-tgdegpw ]nXm-hmb A_vZpradic ac-W-sprod-acuten-cp-partp-shpartpw Aszligs Ipacutendegv apl-ΩZv Fpartv t]cp-hn-fn-regXv ]nXm-a-l-mb A_vZpnot apOslash-en-_m-sWpartpamWvNcnXkXyw Cu aueqZv A]qiquestW-a-sradic-parante Acurrenp-X-ap-asympq Asradic-paranepw cN-bn-Xmhv Bsc-part-dn-bmOslash Ipprod-IƒIb-permilnb Iprod-e-sradic apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mbnntbm-Knreg tijw Ah-X-cn-prodn-reg Jpiquest-B-nnot BZysOslashap-jy-kr-jvSn-bmbn BZ-an-s-bmWv ]cn-N-b-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-part-Xv Fpartmnot aueo-Znnot apl-ΩZv _n-bpsS ]Im-ihpwCOslashcw A_-le-szlig-ƒ ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hmge Imordm-bn-p-I-fp-nem-degp-parthiquest kppartOslashpPam-AOslashv CsXmpartpw icn-b-sradicpartp]d-bp-part-hiquest Zonssbquo ]pdOslashv Fsyenmcp sXmen-degacuten

apeqZv XpScmw h AJvd-Plp ^o BJn-cn- -amnIam Jplusmnd h A_vZm AiquestYw Atplusmn-lsOslash AradicmlpCu Ah-km--Im-e-L- -Oslashnnot AhgeI-degmdegn nrsaquonreg]Imcw ChnsS sImnep-h-partp IqSm-sX h Anot_-klpJnnotAOslashnot Pam-en-radicXo ew bpnot_nkvlm Al-ZmAsX Atplusmn-lsOslash Ahge Ae-param-c-Oslashnssbquo hkvX-szlig-fnnot npartpw apermilm-scbpw [cn-prodn-regn- n-radicm-OslashXv [cn-prodn-degp-IbpwsNbvXp tmdegpI kXy-hp-ambn CXnpartv hradic _lsquo-hp-aptnem Aradicmlp ap-jy-cnnot Gpermil-hp-a-[nIw wKn evIn-bXv bqkp v(A) _n-degm-Wv Fpartmnot ChnsS ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n-bm-sWpartpw Icp-Xn-degqacuten pW-Iƒniquestan-regp-nemdegn Ah-X-cn-prodn-regXv ]mSn S-degm-pasymp Ch-cpsS Niquesta Lw A]mcw Xspart

hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

samgnregp ]d-bpI B hmN-I-hpw AXn-XmWv euemdegeuemdeg eam Je-IvOslashpnot A vemdegv AiquestYw ]hm-N-I-tc Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Cu ]]-copy-sOslash-Oslashspart krjvSndegp-am-bn-cp-partn-sradic-partv Aradicmlp _n(-k)tbmSv ]]copy aJn-ehpwkrjvSnregXnssbquo nanOslashw ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n Dnem-b-Xp-sIm-nem-sW-partv CXnepw hen-sbmcp pWbpw Bpermilw-t_mw-_p-aptnem _n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXm AtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregp tmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmw Bkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-IpartvIgn-trade-Xp-an-radic Fpartnacutepw aZvlpIƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bppart NpW-degp- -summiquest COslashcw euemdeg euemdeg Dd-sdeg-bp-dsdeg]mSn-prod-d-bp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp hmdegp-Iƒ sImnev AΩm--am-Sppart hlm-_n-I-fpsS t]Sn-kz-]v-szligƒ hnfn-regp-Iq-hppartCu euemdegbpsS nP-yumlnXnsbsyenpartv Ahiquest Kun-degp-partn-radic auenZv XS-cppartp ^ hpenZ _n hPvlnnotAJvPe Ja-dmge h^iquest JZm Aem lph-radicZo Xh- e_nln-B-Zw h vX-Jd _n Iunlo Jmen-Zge hkvX-Kmk _nlo qlpge ^Pm annot dZm hIm-^okzpnot_n C_vdmlow Asseln emw lo Dnotdegnb^npartm-cn BZ hkmd elv_p^m apJva-Zm AsXAszligs Atplusmnlw ]qiquestW Nmicro-sbpw [ph-]-tZ-iOslashvDbiquestpartp nevdegppart pound-X-sOslashbpw mWn-prodn-degppart apJ-hp-ambn ChnsS ]nd-partp Adn-bp-I Atplusmn-lsOslashsdegmnevBZw Xh- pnot sNoslashp-Ibpw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]nXm-hm-ImgeIgn-trade-Xnnot A`n-amw sImasympp-Ibpw sNbvXp IqSmsXqlv(-A) Atplusmn-l-sOslash-sdegmnev CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashn-b-Xn-m-emWv alm hn]-Oslashnnot npartv (]-f-b-Oslashnnot npartv) cpound-sprod- -Xv Xspart-bp-a-radic Atplusmnlw C_vdmlow(A)-bpsS apXp-Innot Dnem-bn-cp-part-Xn-m-emWv AmiddotnIpfimcw XWpOslashvsI -Sszlign cpound-sprod- -Xv lm Fyenm-Wn-hiquest ]d-bp-part-sXpartvAh-c-dn-bp-partn-radic tNmdpw ssIa-Sdegpw In n-bmnot GXv hymP-hm-tdm-e-Ifpw Cu XmPpnot De-am-degƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bpw

(Xp-S-cpw)

AXpw CXp-amhmwIiquesta-imkvX ]c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot AgsIm-g-ordmge

bw BZiquesti-am-degnb ]yumlm--amWv Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an Ckvem-anssbquo t]cp-]-d-tradep-sIm-nepasymp Pam-A-OslashnssbquoCOslashcw hnI-e-hm-Z-szligsf Ckvemlo ]yumlmw Fdegm-eOslashpw FXniquestOslashpt]m-partn- p-nev Fpartmnot Cu ]hiquestOslash--szlig-fpsS t]cnnot Pam-A-Oslashp-Imiquestt]mepw Xszlig-fpsS Hpartmwordmiquest iXp-hmbn hnti-jn-prodnreg sF Fkv FΩn-p-tscCS-degm-eOslashv Nne Cd-degp-aXn agel-Pp-Imiquest GXmpwBtcm-]-W-szlig-fp-part-bn-regp sF Fkv FΩnssbquo BZiquesti-t]m-cmacutew Xszlig-fpsS Hfn-b-P-nedegv hnLm-X-am-Ip-sapart BiparaImc-Ww sF Fkv FΩns mam-h-ti-j-am-degp-I-bm-bn-cppartp Cu agel-Pp-Im-cpsS Btcm-]-W-szligƒdegv t]c-W-bm-b-Xv AXn-mbn Dpart-bnreg Btcm-]-W-szlig-fpsS Iq -OslashnnotGpermilhpw ][m--sprod- Xpw IuXp-I-I-c-hp-amb Hcp Btcm-]-W-am-bn-cppartp sF Fkv Fw CJvhmn-k-Oslashnssbquo ]nSn-b-a-e-aiquestpartp Fpart-Xv

Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an-bpsS aspermilmcp ]Xn-prodmbn sF

Poh-Im-cpWy ]hiquestOslash--szlig-fpsS Ckvem-anI ]m[myw Dƒsdegm-asympp-Ibpw ]Tn-prodn-degp-Ibpw ]mhiquest Oslashn-I-am-degp-Ibpw sNbvX ]yumlm--amWv tIcf Zvh OslashpnotapPm-ln-Zoge apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnv Poh-Im-cp-Wy-]-hiquestOslash--an-radicmOslash Hcp Ime-L- hpw Dnem-bn- n-radic

(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

Bi-b-szligƒsdeg-Xnsc IS-partm-I-a-W-ap-nem-bmnotAXnssbquo t]cnnot nbaw Ioslashn-se-Sp-degp-partXpw Bbp-[-sa-Sp-degp-partXpw Ckvem-anssbquo b-a-radic Bi-bsOslash Bi-bw-X-sImnev Xspart-bmWv ]Xn-tcm-[n-tdeg-ne-Xv

(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

Pm-[n-]-Xy-Oslashn-eq-sS-b-radic tXmdegnge Ipg-en-eq-sS-bmWv hnπhw htc-ne-sXpart b-apasymp kn ]n FΩnvPam-A-Oslashnssbquo Pm-[n-]Xy hncp-leX ]d-bmge Fyeniquestl-X-bm-Wp-asympXv ]mte-cn-bnepw IAEligq-cnepw kao-]-Im-eOslashv]miquestacuten S-Oslashnb nb-a-ew-Lw t]mse GsX-paran-ep-sampartv Pam-A-Oslashn-s-degp-dnregv ]d-bmge Ign-bptam

(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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(]n-W-tszligmSv A_q-_-degiquestkppartn A vImiquest hmcn-I 2010 G]nnot 7)

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2010 Pqsse10

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2010 Pqsse 11

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2010 Pqsse12

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Anot-Ckzvemln-te-degpasymp krjvSn-Ifpw A`n-]m-b-szligfpw niquesttZ-i-szligfpw Xmsg hnem-k-Oslashnnot Ab-degp-I ]kn-leo-I-c-W-tbm-Ky-ambkw`-h-szligƒ FgpXn Adn-bn-degp-Itbm hnfn-reg-dn-bn-degp-Itbm sNoslashmw

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv tImgn-tdegmSv 2t^muml 9447232531 9633010100

AnotCkzvemlv

2010 Pqsse 13

cnemw t]Pnnot knlvdpw ItAEligdpw en-degp-I-bnradic Fpartvapordmv Atplusmnlw ]kw-Kn-regn-cp-part-Xmbn tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-nev Ctprodmƒ Atplusmnlw ]d-tradep--S-degp-partXv AXn-spart-Xn-cm-Wv AXnssbquo Bdmw t]Pnnot Pnpartp-Iƒ ap-jy-i-co-c-OslashnnotIb-dn-degq-Sn-bmnot AXnv NnIn-rsquo--SOslashmw Fpartpw tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-nev ]qiquestho-I-Im-e-L- -szlig-fnnot ]e ]ptcm-ln-X-summcpw knle-summcpw bph-Xn-Isf Pnpartn-d-degmgethnen Ccp-acutep-ap-dn-degp-asympnnot ]th-in-prodnregv ]oUn-prodn-degm-dp-nem-bn-cp-partpCkvemlo ]yumlmw hfsc apordmp-Xspart COslashcw Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-sfbpw Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw FXniquestOslashp-t]m-part-Xm-Wv CXnssbquo Hsdeg CS-bn-emWv aspermilmcp BZiquesti-hy-Xn-bm--kw- hw Ziquestin-degp-part-Xv AYhm nregv Hm v SqOslashv Ub-d-IvSiquest Zpss_ ssiJnssbquo Nmh-Sn-b-yenn-c-Oslashnnot ]spara-Sp-Oslash-Xmbn t^mtacutem klnXw ImWm-n-S-bm-bn CXpw h-bm-Ym-yumln-I-cpsS Im]Syw a- n-em-degmge Imc-W-am-bn Bsc-paranepw iniquestdegp-Iƒtdegm _nZv-A-Oslashp-Iƒtdegm ]nyenpWnotIn-b-Xp-sIm-neradic Cubp-asymp-hge kwL-S--hn- -Xv adn-regv COslashcw XvhIfpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw S-Oslashn-bn v kwL-S Ahsc tNmZyw sNoslashp-I-t]m-epw-sN-oslashmsX n w-KX]men-degp-IbmWv sNbvX-Xv AXp-sIm-nem-Wv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-trade-Xv

CXn-ssbquo-sbmsdeg CS-bn-em-Wv Ckzvemlv amkn-I-bpsSiniquestdegv ]Nm-c-Whpw S-partn-cp-part-Xv Pnpartn-tmSpw ae-degn-tmSpw klm-bw-tX-Smw Ahiquest `uXnI Pohn-I-fm-Wvkpsse-amge _n(-A) Pnpartp-I-tfmSv klmbw tXSn-bn- p-nev kemw kpradic-anbpw sNdn-b-apnew A_vZpnotl-aoZv aZ-nbpw A]-Imcw tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- pnev Fpartn-szligst]mIppartp ymbo-I-c-Ww e-Oslashnnot XuloZv ]d-bm-pasympkzmXyenyw t]mepw Cu h-bm-Ym-yumln-Iiquest Cradicm-Xm-degnBsc-paranepw Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw XuloZv ]d-trademnot bmYm-yumlnI apkveym-deg-summiquest ]Ziquestin-prodn-degp-partXv kI-cnoslashm kzem-ln-bpsS Pnpartp-I-tfmSv klmbw tXSmw ae-degp-I-tfmSvklmbw tXSmw Fpart ]kw-K-Im-k-permilm-Wv Pnpartp-Ifpw ae-degp-Ifpw ac-W-sprod- -hcpw sΩ kw_-lsquon-treg-S-tOslashmfw AZr-iy-cmWv A`u-Xn-I-cp-am-Wv AXp-shregv apkveymdegƒdegvapPm-ln-Zp-Isf hnaiquestin-degmge ]bm-k-an-radic kwL-SBZiquesti-Oslashnssbquo hgn-bn-tedegv Xncn-regp-h-cptam Fpartv Fradicm]co-pound-W-szligfpw S-Oslashn-b-Xn-p-ti-j-amWv Cubpasymp-hgeh-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bp-part-Xv Ah-kmw Cubp-asymp-hge Pnpartp-_m-[sb kw_-lsquonregpw Ch-cpsS ]pXnbhmZ-szligsf Jfin-regp-sImnepw Jpiquest-Bge amXw sXfn-hm-degn-sdegmnev Anota-miquest amkn-I-bn-tedegv Hcp teJw Fgp-Xn kI-cnoslashm kzemln sNmSndegpw Fpart Imc-W-Oslashmnot]kvXpX teJw FSp-Oslashn-radic

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tXrXzw ]cn-an-X-am-Ipw ]ikvXn jvS-sprod-Spw Ah-kmw ac-W-Oslashn-p-ap-ordmp-X-spart tXr-Ip-prodmbw Agn-regp-sh-tdeg-nen-h-cpw

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PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot De-am -bnnot Cubp-asymp-hge^Xvhmt_miquestUv saordm-dpw hmZ-]-Xn-hmZw ]Tn-degppart ]fin-X-summ-cpsS D]-tZ-i-Ik-an-Xn-bnse Hcp saordm-dpw-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-partp AOslashcw henb yumlm-szligƒ Hgn-hm-degn-sdegm-nemWvCu kwL-S--bn-tedegv hpart-Xv AXv BZiquesti-Oslashn-p-th-nen-bm-Wv Cu kwL-S--bnnot Cubp-asymp-hge Hcp yumlmhpwAe-para-cn-degp-partn-radic Ωp-sS epoundyw ZAvhOslashm-Wv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bm-pasymp aspermilmcp ImcWw Ah-cn-epasymp XJveoZv(-A-lsquo-amb Ap-I-c-Ww) atm- m-h-am-WvAnot_mn aZvl-_p-Imcpw apermilpasymp Nne aue-hn-amscXJveoZv sNoslashp-part-hcpw AXnnot nc-h-[n-bm-Wv ]tXy-InregvBZiquestiw a- n-em-degmsX Cu ASpOslash ImeOslashv AXn-tedegv hpartn- pasymp sNdp-prod-degm-cn-emWv Cu ]h-WX A[n-Ihpw Inep-h-cp-part-Xv Nne-cpsS XmSn-bpsS of-Oslashnpwapermilp Nne-cpsS ]kw-K-Oslashnse cmK-szligƒdegpw aqf-ep-IƒdegpwAan-X-amb ]m[myw notIn ]acutemordmn `mKOslashv PnreghyDaggern-sb-tprodmepw jmiquestP-bnse ssiJmbn sImnep--S-degp-partp

apPm-lnZv ]yumlmw apordmv ]t_m-[w sNbvXn-cppartandeg-hmdpw Imcy-szligƒdegv Cdegq- iquest FXn-cm-Wv Hcp ]yumlm--Oslashnnot Ahiquest sXpermilp sNoslashp-partn-sradic-paranepw AXnv hfw-sh-regp-sIm-Sp-degp-partXpw sXpermilp sNoslashp-part-Xnp Xpey-am-Wv Iiquesta-im-kvX-]-c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot apordmv Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw kppart-Oslashn-ssbquobpw ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot mw ]hiquestOslashn-regp-t]m-cppart]e Iiquesta-szlig-fnepw amkmyenw hyXym-k-szligƒ hcpOslashn]pXnb Iiquesta-im-kvX-szligƒ cq]-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partpPnpartp-tk-h-Iƒdegpw knlvdv _m[degpw Aan-X-amb]m[myw notIn P-szligsf Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-fnnot Xf-regn-Smge Xoh-iaw S-degp-partp tXrXzw n -lm-bcpw n w-K-cp-ambn tmdegn-nnotdegp-partp COslash-c-samcp Iqacutem-bva-bnnotFsyenmsdeg `uXnI s]men-a-Ifpw ]Xm-kp-Ifpw ]W-sdegm-gpprodpw Dsne-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Ap-K-lhpwimizX hnP-b-Oslashn-pasymp Aiquestl-Xbpw AhnsS Hcn-degepwe`n-degn-radic Aradicmlp cpoundn-deg-sacute

2010 Pqsse14

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse ]nfiquestprodnssbquo ]rsaquom-Oslash-e-Oslashnnot ]apJ ]fin-Xge A_vZp emwkpradic-ansb njvI-cpWw hnaiquestin-degp-part-h-tcmSv thZ-n-degppart a-t m-sSbpwKpW-Imw-pound-tbm-sSbpw Nne Imcy-szligƒ Ipdn-degp-I-bm-Wv

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse ]nfiquestprodnnot BZiquesti]ctamkwL-S-m-]-ctam Bb GsX-paranepw Hcp Niquestreg-bnnot kemw-kp-radic-an-bpsS Hcp ]pkvX-Itam ]kw-Ktam ]pkvI-OslashnseHcp Dplusmn-c-Wntbm hcntbm hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bn- nradic (cnevIq -cp-sSbpw ]_-lsquo-szligƒ ]cn-tim-[n-degp-I)

]pkvX-I-szlig-fpsS t]cnepw teJ--szlig-fpsS t]cnepwBtcm-]-W-szligƒ Dpart-bn-deg-sprod- -h-sc tmdegp-I lpsskgeaS-hqiquest Fw Fw Zvhn sI sI apl-ΩZv kpradic-an Ip -traquo-cn sNdn-b-apnew laoZv aZ-n Chn-sS-sbmpartpw kemw-kp-radic-anbpsS t]cv hpartnradic ]pkvX-I-szligfpw Cradic

Anota-m-dnnot aiquestlqw sI ]nbpsS ImeOslashv tNmtZym-Oslashcw evImge Gev]n-deg-sprod- Xv kemw kpradic-an-sb-bm-bn-cppartp FpartXv F ]n hn`mKw Xspart kΩ-Xn-degp-partp

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Hcp lZokv KŸw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-b-tprodmƒ AXnse apgp-hge lZo-kp-Ifpw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-Ibpw hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bh Nqnen-degm-Wn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-I-b-radicmsXkzyenw ne-bnnot Atplusmnlw GXv lZo-kmWv Xasympn-deg-f-tradeXv

HmiquestdegpI Ch-sbmsdeg ]pd-Oslashn-d-szlign-bXv kwL-Sm]iv-Oslashnv apordmm-bn-cp-partp Aspartmpartpw kpradic-an-bpsStNmcdegv thnen Bcpw InX-bvdegp-partp-nem-bn-cp-partnradic

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kvXo apJw ad-bvdegWw Fpartv ]dtrade C_vp_mkns mw Fyenv hnfn-deg-Ww

kp_-lndegv JqqOslashv HmXp-partXnv mw hntcm-[-sampartpw ImWp-partn-radic Fspart-gp-Xnb sI Daiquest aue-hnsbmw Fszligs ImWWw

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i_oiquest FS-degpfwkpradic-ansbISn-regp-Io-dp-part-h-tcmSv

2010 Pqsse 15

h[w sNbvXpthm mb-bpsS Xe H-gn-hm-degn-bmnot _mdegnP sradicpartv ]d-tradeXv kemw-kp-radic-an-b-radictradicm Camw amen-degsradic Fpartnacutepw B ]fin-Xsc mw BZ-cn-degp-partp

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Iptraden-tdegmb amAtildeiquest sIm -prodpdw

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hmnotdegjvWw COslash-c-samcp kw`hw Hcp _lp-aXkaq-l-Oslashnnot ]N-cW hnj-b-am-hp-part-Xnse Au-Nn-Xy-hpw Nneiquestsdeg-paranepw CXp-nem-degppart thZ-bpw Adn-bm-traden- -radic Akokv aue-hnsb Aym-b-ambn ISn-regp-Io-dn-b--tprodmƒ auw ]men-reg-Xnv hnNn-yen--apƒsprod-sS-bpasymp ]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot aue-hn-sdeg-Xnsc Cu iniquestdegm-tcm-]WwXpSiquestpart-tprodmƒ AXnv XW-te-In-b-Xn-v auehn acn-regn- p-t]mepw DpartX tXm-degƒ tXrXzw evIppart ]asympn-I-fn-se anordm-dp-I-fnnot hsc Cu ]N-cWw XpSiquestpart-Xn-v aue-hn--bpsS _lsquop-deg-fpsS IAEligocpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw Inen-sradic-partv Sn-reg-Xnv nszligƒsdegyenv hni-Zo-IcWw evIm-m-hpw AtXm-sSmprodw Cnsb-paranepw B Zpjv]-hr-OslashndegvHcp XncpOslashv nszlig-fnnot ]Xo-poundn-degmtam

2010 Pqsse16

Hcp IpfOslashnnot Ipsd XhfIƒ Ipfnregp sImnencndegp-partp IpfOslashnv Imhembn Icbnnot Hcp Babpw Ccn-degp-partp AXp hgn hpart Hcp ]mhw Xhfsdegmcp tamlw Ip-f-Oslashnsempartp Ipfnregmseyenm AXv tsc BabpsS A-SpOslashv t]mbn hyXtbmsS Imcyw AhXcnprodnregp ]permilnradicBa Ipdregv ImiquestdegiytOslashmsSbmWXv ]dtradeXv AtprodmƒA-hscmsdeg IpfndegpparttXm IpfOslashnnot NmSndegfndegppartXhfIsf Nqnen B Xhf tNmZnregp Ahscmpartpw F-tpartmSv ApaXn tNmZnregn nradicFpartmbncppartp BabpsS a-dp]Sn GXmnev Cu Babp-sS tdmfnemWv npartn-prodp-]m-f-bOslashnse tXrXzw kwLS-m-]ctam BZiquesti]ctam B-b Imcyszligsf Ipdnregv apermilpasymp-hiquest-sdegXncnnot hradic-Btcm-]Wszligtfm ]kvXmh-I-tfm SOslashptordmmƒ Chiquestdegvqdp mhmWv Fpartmnot A-tX Imcyszligƒdegv hncpleam-bh kz-yenw ]finXgeamcpwtXmdegfpw XpSiquestpartv hcppart-Xv Nq-nendegmWnregmnot Ah-scm-partpw XszligfpsS ApaXnhm-szlign-bnacutenradic Fpart adp]Sn-bpw Fpartnacutepw sacuteradicv ImWn-degm ---Oslash-sXtyen Fpart kwi-bOslashnmhs HmsesdegmnevRΩdegv s]cvOslashv ImcynevHmse s]Wdegym RΩdegvAbnsdegmƒ s]cvOslashv tZm-jq-nev FpartmWpOslashcw etam BZiquesti b ne]mSp-I-fnnot Hcp kmordmmiquest appartWnbmbn F ]n apPm-ln-ZpIƒ A-[]XndegpIbpw sNbvXp AregSdegcmlnXy-sOslash-bpw BibkwLacuteszligsfbpw hngpprodedegepIsfbpw tNcntprodmcns-bpw ]Wsdegmgpprodnssbquo ]pIaddegpffnnot Hfn-prodndegmge F-degmeOslashpamhnsradicpart XncnregdnhnemWv `npartn-prodpImiquest C-tprodmƒ

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2010 Pqsse16

2010 Pqsse 17

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2010 Pqsse 17

2010 Pqsse18

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2010 Pqsse 19

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hnK-l-szligsf Bcm-[n-degnot amX-aradic iniquestdegv Fpartmnot]Xm-]-im-en-bmb nssbquo cpoundn-Xm-hnssbquo IqsS Ahge Hgn-sI-bp-asymp-Xns o sXc-strade-Sp-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (^p-Xq-lpnot ssKz_v aJme 7)

iniquestdegv sNoslashpI Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegvBcm-[--biquestprodn-degemWv bYmiquestY-Oslashnnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hge Bcm-[n-deg-sprod-Smge ]permilp-I-bn-radic (X vkodpnot I_oiquesthC-ZvJme epJvamge Fpart Bb-Oslashnssbquo hni-Zo-I-c-Ww)

temI apkvenw-Iƒ AwKo-I-cn-degppart KŸ-szlig-fnse C_m-d-Oslashp-I-fmWv apI-fnnot Dle-cn-reg-Xv Fpartmnot Xszligƒ sNoslashppart iniquestdegn-s- -iniquestdeg-sradicpartv ]dtradev ymbo-I-cn-degppartka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopound-W-szligƒ IqSn ImWp-I

Hcp hyDaggern Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degp-tordmmƒ amXtainiquestdegv hcp-partp-asympq Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv kzbw Ign-hp-snepartv hniz-kn-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (sIm- -prodpdw kwhmZw166 H Fw Xcp-h-W)

Bcm-[--degiquestl-mbn Aradicm-lpsh-tprodmse apermilp ]eXpwDsne-partpasymp hnizm-kw CXn-mWv iniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sp-partXv (Ciquestim-Zpnot C_m-Zv- -a-e-bmf ]cn- mj t]Pv 29 FwFw Cordmn-regn-tdegmb apkveymiquest)

tmdegp-I ka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopoundWOslashnnot HcphyDaggern acn-regmepw Csradic-paranepw Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-knregv

F A_vZpnotAkokv aZn

iniquestdegvBtcm-]-Wtam bmYmiquestYytam

Atplusmn-l-tOslashmSv ]miquestYn-regmte iniquestdegv hcn-I-bp-asympq A]-Imcw Xspart kzbw Ignhv B hnfn-deg-sprod-Sppart BƒdegvDsnepartv hniz-kn-regmte iniquestdegm-hp-I-bp-asympq FX hnNn-X-amb Hcp hopound-W-am-WnXv Jpiquest-Bpw ap - n-dp-Ifpw]hm-N-Ige(k)-bpsS lZo-kp-Ifpw Cu hmZsOslash Jfin-degp-partp o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa nszligƒ hnfnregv]m-iquest-Yn-degppart nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Isfprodpermiln nszligƒ Nnyennregvtmdegp-I Cu qan-bnnot Fyenm-W-hiquest krjvSn-regn- p-asymp-sXpartvnszligƒ Fndegv ImWn-regp-X-cn-I AX-radic BIm-i-szlig-fnnotAhiquestdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem AX-radic mw Ahiquestdegv hradic-K-Ÿhpw notIn-bn v AXnnot npartpasymp sXfn-h-p-k-cn-regmtWmAhiquest ne-sIm-asympp-partXv Fpartmnot AI-a-Im-cn-IƒAtymyw hmKvZmw sNoslashp-partXv hcopy--am-X-am-Ip-partp(^m-Xzniquest 40)

Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

Pemnot atcopycn

icn-bm-Wv Ckz-vemlv amkn-I-bnnotFgp-Xp-partXv ImWpI ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pn-partp-I-sfbpw apermilm-scbpw hnfn-regp-tX-Smge ]mSn-sradicpartpw ]miquestY--degp-Oslashcw evImge A-hiquest-degv Ign-bn-sradicpartpw Jpiquest-Bge sΩ ]Tn-prodn-degppartp (C-kz-vemlv amkn-I 2006 Unwk-_iquest adtradeamiquestKhpw kpradic-an-bpsS hnh-c-tdeg-Spw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemln t]Pv 6) ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhn-fnregp tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Cu tUmIvSiquest ChnsSFgp-Xp-partp Cu hnUvVnOslashw i_m-_nnot ]nSn-Iq-Sn-b-tprodmƒPnpartpw knlvdpw aS-hq-cn-I-fpsS Zpjv]-Nm-c-Whpw Fpartt]-cnnot Ctplusmnlw Xspart ]kn-leo-I-cnreg ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot-hn-fnregp tXSmge ]mSn-sradic-partpw ]dtrade mKw shacuten-am-permiln-bmWvF-gp-Xp-part-Xv

AXnssbquo ]qiquestW-cq]w ImWpI apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ Fhn-sS-bmWv Pnpartns hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-tradeXv Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw ]d-trade-Xmbn Cu Iasymp-hm-Zn-Iƒdegv sXfn-bn-degmge km[n-degptam adnregv Aradicm-lp-h-radicmOslash bmsXm-partn-tmSpw AXv Pnpartm-I-sacute hen-oslashm-Isacute ae-degm-Isacute hnfnregv]miquestYn-degp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSpasympq FpartmWv apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaq-lsOslash ]-Tnprodnregp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv aS-hq-cn-I-tf BSns ]acuten-bm-degppart nszlig-fpsS Cu hrOslashn-sIacute Xyenw hn kn Ipacuten-I-fp-sS ASpOslashp aXn apPm-ln-Zp-IƒdegnS-bnnot AXv sNe-hm-Inradic (Pnpartpw knlvdpw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemlnt]Pv 23) ]acutensb BSm-degp-hmge thnen ae-degp-IsfbpwPn-partp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Ckz-vem-lnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv Aacuten-a-dnregv Ah-X-cn-prodn-degp-I-bmWv tUm-IvSiquest Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot sNoslashp-part-Xv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degnot iniquestdegm-sWpartpw Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvamXta ]miquestYn-degp-hmge ]mSp-asympp-shpartpw kppartn-I-fnnot s]acutehen-sbmcp hn`mKw apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp-nev

CXp ]d-bp-hmge apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS ]asympn-Ifpw yumlm]--szligfpw kzOslashpw ssIh-i-sprod-SpOslashn ke^n thjw [cnregvS-degppart h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsS Bh-iy-an-radic ac-W-sprod--h-sc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip-vdp-am-Wv CXp-t]mse Xspart ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sf-

bpw hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip vdp-am-Wv CXp Xspart-bm-bn-cppartp apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHpartmw XnbXn sXmacutepasymp apJy ]t_m-[ hnj-bw ]asympn-bpw yumlm]--szligfpw Ahiquest niquestan-regXv CXv ]d-bp-hm-m-Wv ae-degp-I-fpsSbpw Pnpartp-I-fpsSbpw Ign-hnpartv Aprodp-d-apasympXv tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-iquest ]d-bp-partp ae-degnssbquobpw Pnpartp-I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hnssbquo]cn-[n-Iƒ nrsaquo-bn-degp-hmge apdegv km[y-a-sradicpartpw ChiquestXspart ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Ch-cpsS Cu ASnyumlm XXz-]-

Im-chpw ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp iniquestdegn-sbpwIp vdn-sbpw ]nSn-IqSn Xulo-Zm-degp-hmgeian-degp-part-hiquestdegv Hcp-Xcw AlsquoX _m[n-regn-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Chiquest FyenmWv ]d-bp-Ibpw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNoslashp-part-sXpartvChiquestdegpXspart Adn-bp-partn-radic

CkvXn-Km-kbpwaX-]-fin-X-summcpw

]qiquesthn-I-cmb andeg aX-]-fin-X-summcpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregv klmbwtXSn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv ka-kvX-bnse

apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp kXym-hkvY hnh-cn-degmtam

A_vZpnotI-cow sImregn

hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

d_o-Dnot Ahnot amk-Oslashnnot DZn-prodn-reg-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege Xspart-bp-a-radic kiquesth-tem-I-szligfpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnpapordmmbn Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]Imiw (qiquest) Dnem-degp-Ibpw]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv ma-I-cWwsNbvX-h-p-am-b-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege CXm-Wn-XnssbquoAiquestYw ]spound hniple Jpiquest-B-n-s XInSw adn-degm-pasymp ia-Oslashnssbquo mK-ambpasymp Hcp Ap-I-c-W-am-Wn-hnsSImWp-part-Xv Jpiquest-B-nse kqd-Oslashpnot Ckvdm-Cse Hpartm-asOslash BbOslashpw ageIqkv auen-Znssbquo BZysOslash Cuhmdegp-Ifpw a- n-cpOslashn Hpartv hmbnregp tmdegq XnIregpwJpiquest-B-n-tmSv InS-]n-Sn-degm-pasymp KqV iaw AXnnot Hfn-tradep-In-S-degp-part-Xmbn t_m-[y-sprod-Spw AsX Jpiquest-Bge hN--szligsftprodmse sIacuten-degq-acuten-bp-nemdegn _n(-k)-bpsSaZvlmWv ]d-bp-part-sXpartv hymtP CkvemansOslashspart Ifn-bm-degp-I-bm-Wn-hiquest Aszlig-s-bm-W-hiquest t]Sn-kz]vszligfpwDddegw sISp-Oslashn-I-fp-am-b-Xv kiquesth-tem-Iszlig-sfbpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnp apordmv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-bpsS Hfnhv (qiquest)krjvSn-regp-nem-degn-sbpartpw ]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hmWv ma-I-cWw sNbvX-sX-partp-amWvaueq-Zp-Im-cge Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)bpsSPw Dnem-b-tprodm-tgdegpw ]nXm-hmb A_vZpradic ac-W-sprod-acuten-cp-partp-shpartpw Aszligs Ipacutendegv apl-ΩZv Fpartv t]cp-hn-fn-regXv ]nXm-a-l-mb A_vZpnot apOslash-en-_m-sWpartpamWvNcnXkXyw Cu aueqZv A]qiquestW-a-sradic-parante Acurrenp-X-ap-asympq Asradic-paranepw cN-bn-Xmhv Bsc-part-dn-bmOslash Ipprod-IƒIb-permilnb Iprod-e-sradic apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mbnntbm-Knreg tijw Ah-X-cn-prodn-reg Jpiquest-B-nnot BZysOslashap-jy-kr-jvSn-bmbn BZ-an-s-bmWv ]cn-N-b-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-part-Xv Fpartmnot aueo-Znnot apl-ΩZv _n-bpsS ]Im-ihpwCOslashcw A_-le-szlig-ƒ ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hmge Imordm-bn-p-I-fp-nem-degp-parthiquest kppartOslashpPam-AOslashv CsXmpartpw icn-b-sradicpartp]d-bp-part-hiquest Zonssbquo ]pdOslashv Fsyenmcp sXmen-degacuten

apeqZv XpScmw h AJvd-Plp ^o BJn-cn- -amnIam Jplusmnd h A_vZm AiquestYw Atplusmn-lsOslash AradicmlpCu Ah-km--Im-e-L- -Oslashnnot AhgeI-degmdegn nrsaquonreg]Imcw ChnsS sImnep-h-partp IqSm-sX h Anot_-klpJnnotAOslashnot Pam-en-radicXo ew bpnot_nkvlm Al-ZmAsX Atplusmn-lsOslash Ahge Ae-param-c-Oslashnssbquo hkvX-szlig-fnnot npartpw apermilm-scbpw [cn-prodn-regn- n-radicm-OslashXv [cn-prodn-degp-IbpwsNbvXp tmdegpI kXy-hp-ambn CXnpartv hradic _lsquo-hp-aptnem Aradicmlp ap-jy-cnnot Gpermil-hp-a-[nIw wKn evIn-bXv bqkp v(A) _n-degm-Wv Fpartmnot ChnsS ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n-bm-sWpartpw Icp-Xn-degqacuten pW-Iƒniquestan-regp-nemdegn Ah-X-cn-prodn-regXv ]mSn S-degm-pasymp Ch-cpsS Niquesta Lw A]mcw Xspart

hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

samgnregp ]d-bpI B hmN-I-hpw AXn-XmWv euemdegeuemdeg eam Je-IvOslashpnot A vemdegv AiquestYw ]hm-N-I-tc Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Cu ]]-copy-sOslash-Oslashspart krjvSndegp-am-bn-cp-partn-sradic-partv Aradicmlp _n(-k)tbmSv ]]copy aJn-ehpwkrjvSnregXnssbquo nanOslashw ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n Dnem-b-Xp-sIm-nem-sW-partv CXnepw hen-sbmcp pWbpw Bpermilw-t_mw-_p-aptnem _n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXm AtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregp tmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmw Bkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-IpartvIgn-trade-Xp-an-radic Fpartnacutepw aZvlpIƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bppart NpW-degp- -summiquest COslashcw euemdeg euemdeg Dd-sdeg-bp-dsdeg]mSn-prod-d-bp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp hmdegp-Iƒ sImnev AΩm--am-Sppart hlm-_n-I-fpsS t]Sn-kz-]v-szligƒ hnfn-regp-Iq-hppartCu euemdegbpsS nP-yumlnXnsbsyenpartv Ahiquest Kun-degp-partn-radic auenZv XS-cppartp ^ hpenZ _n hPvlnnotAJvPe Ja-dmge h^iquest JZm Aem lph-radicZo Xh- e_nln-B-Zw h vX-Jd _n Iunlo Jmen-Zge hkvX-Kmk _nlo qlpge ^Pm annot dZm hIm-^okzpnot_n C_vdmlow Asseln emw lo Dnotdegnb^npartm-cn BZ hkmd elv_p^m apJva-Zm AsXAszligs Atplusmnlw ]qiquestW Nmicro-sbpw [ph-]-tZ-iOslashvDbiquestpartp nevdegppart pound-X-sOslashbpw mWn-prodn-degppart apJ-hp-ambn ChnsS ]nd-partp Adn-bp-I Atplusmn-lsOslashsdegmnevBZw Xh- pnot sNoslashp-Ibpw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]nXm-hm-ImgeIgn-trade-Xnnot A`n-amw sImasympp-Ibpw sNbvXp IqSmsXqlv(-A) Atplusmn-l-sOslash-sdegmnev CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashn-b-Xn-m-emWv alm hn]-Oslashnnot npartv (]-f-b-Oslashnnot npartv) cpound-sprod- -Xv Xspart-bp-a-radic Atplusmnlw C_vdmlow(A)-bpsS apXp-Innot Dnem-bn-cp-part-Xn-m-emWv AmiddotnIpfimcw XWpOslashvsI -Sszlign cpound-sprod- -Xv lm Fyenm-Wn-hiquest ]d-bp-part-sXpartvAh-c-dn-bp-partn-radic tNmdpw ssIa-Sdegpw In n-bmnot GXv hymP-hm-tdm-e-Ifpw Cu XmPpnot De-am-degƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bpw

(Xp-S-cpw)

AXpw CXp-amhmwIiquesta-imkvX ]c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot AgsIm-g-ordmge

bw BZiquesti-am-degnb ]yumlm--amWv Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an Ckvem-anssbquo t]cp-]-d-tradep-sIm-nepasymp Pam-A-OslashnssbquoCOslashcw hnI-e-hm-Z-szligsf Ckvemlo ]yumlmw Fdegm-eOslashpw FXniquestOslashpt]m-partn- p-nev Fpartmnot Cu ]hiquestOslash--szlig-fpsS t]cnnot Pam-A-Oslashp-Imiquestt]mepw Xszlig-fpsS Hpartmwordmiquest iXp-hmbn hnti-jn-prodnreg sF Fkv FΩn-p-tscCS-degm-eOslashv Nne Cd-degp-aXn agel-Pp-Imiquest GXmpwBtcm-]-W-szlig-fp-part-bn-regp sF Fkv FΩnssbquo BZiquesti-t]m-cmacutew Xszlig-fpsS Hfn-b-P-nedegv hnLm-X-am-Ip-sapart BiparaImc-Ww sF Fkv FΩns mam-h-ti-j-am-degp-I-bm-bn-cppartp Cu agel-Pp-Im-cpsS Btcm-]-W-szligƒdegv t]c-W-bm-b-Xv AXn-mbn Dpart-bnreg Btcm-]-W-szlig-fpsS Iq -OslashnnotGpermilhpw ][m--sprod- Xpw IuXp-I-I-c-hp-amb Hcp Btcm-]-W-am-bn-cppartp sF Fkv Fw CJvhmn-k-Oslashnssbquo ]nSn-b-a-e-aiquestpartp Fpart-Xv

Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an-bpsS aspermilmcp ]Xn-prodmbn sF

Poh-Im-cpWy ]hiquestOslash--szlig-fpsS Ckvem-anI ]m[myw Dƒsdegm-asympp-Ibpw ]Tn-prodn-degp-Ibpw ]mhiquest Oslashn-I-am-degp-Ibpw sNbvX ]yumlm--amWv tIcf Zvh OslashpnotapPm-ln-Zoge apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnv Poh-Im-cp-Wy-]-hiquestOslash--an-radicmOslash Hcp Ime-L- hpw Dnem-bn- n-radic

(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

Bi-b-szligƒsdeg-Xnsc IS-partm-I-a-W-ap-nem-bmnotAXnssbquo t]cnnot nbaw Ioslashn-se-Sp-degp-partXpw Bbp-[-sa-Sp-degp-partXpw Ckvem-anssbquo b-a-radic Bi-bsOslash Bi-bw-X-sImnev Xspart-bmWv ]Xn-tcm-[n-tdeg-ne-Xv

(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

Pm-[n-]-Xy-Oslashn-eq-sS-b-radic tXmdegnge Ipg-en-eq-sS-bmWv hnπhw htc-ne-sXpart b-apasymp kn ]n FΩnvPam-A-Oslashnssbquo Pm-[n-]Xy hncp-leX ]d-bmge Fyeniquestl-X-bm-Wp-asympXv ]mte-cn-bnepw IAEligq-cnepw kao-]-Im-eOslashv]miquestacuten S-Oslashnb nb-a-ew-Lw t]mse GsX-paran-ep-sampartv Pam-A-Oslashn-s-degp-dnregv ]d-bmge Ign-bptam

(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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(]n-W-tszligmSv A_q-_-degiquestkppartn A vImiquest hmcn-I 2010 G]nnot 7)

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2010 Pqsse12

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aspermilm-cp-Im-c-Ww 13102009v kI-cnoslashm kzem-ln-bpsSPnpartp-hmZw Niquestreg sNoslashm-mbn ]pfn-degnot aZo--Oslashpnot DeqwHmUn-tpermilm-dn-b-Oslashnnot PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot Deam FIvkn-Iyp- o-hn-ssbquobpw ^Xvhm t_miquestUn-ssbquobpw Hcp kwbp-Dagger-tbmKwhnfn-regp-tNiquestOslashn-cp-partp tbmK-Oslashnnot A_vZpiquestdlvamgeke^n kI-cnoslashm kzem-ln-bpsS ]pXnb Pnpartp-hm-ZsOslashnin-X-ambn hnaiquestin-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Iptd kabw ]kvXp-X-tbm-K-Oslashnnot Pnpartp-Kqprodpw Bsbquon Pnpartp Kqprodpw XΩnnotiDagger-amb hmKzmZw S-partp Chn-sS-shregv ke- ndegv adp-]Sn ]d-bmge Ap-aXn e`n-degmOslash kI-cnoslash kzemln]npartoSv Xvhm t_miquestUv saordmiquestamiquestdegv Xssbquo ]cm-Xn-IfpwhmZ-szligfpw Xmge apordmv ]dtrade A_-le-szligfpw Dƒsdegm-asympn-regp-sImnev IOslashv sImSp-degp-I-bp-nem-bn ]kvXpX IOslashnssbquo

Anot-Ckzvemln-te-degpasymp krjvSn-Ifpw A`n-]m-b-szligfpw niquesttZ-i-szligfpw Xmsg hnem-k-Oslashnnot Ab-degp-I ]kn-leo-I-c-W-tbm-Ky-ambkw`-h-szligƒ FgpXn Adn-bn-degp-Itbm hnfn-reg-dn-bn-degp-Itbm sNoslashmw

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv tImgn-tdegmSv 2t^muml 9447232531 9633010100

AnotCkzvemlv

2010 Pqsse 13

cnemw t]Pnnot knlvdpw ItAEligdpw en-degp-I-bnradic Fpartvapordmv Atplusmnlw ]kw-Kn-regn-cp-part-Xmbn tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-nev Ctprodmƒ Atplusmnlw ]d-tradep--S-degp-partXv AXn-spart-Xn-cm-Wv AXnssbquo Bdmw t]Pnnot Pnpartp-Iƒ ap-jy-i-co-c-OslashnnotIb-dn-degq-Sn-bmnot AXnv NnIn-rsquo--SOslashmw Fpartpw tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-nev ]qiquestho-I-Im-e-L- -szlig-fnnot ]e ]ptcm-ln-X-summcpw knle-summcpw bph-Xn-Isf Pnpartn-d-degmgethnen Ccp-acutep-ap-dn-degp-asympnnot ]th-in-prodnregv ]oUn-prodn-degm-dp-nem-bn-cp-partpCkvemlo ]yumlmw hfsc apordmp-Xspart COslashcw Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-sfbpw Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw FXniquestOslashp-t]m-part-Xm-Wv CXnssbquo Hsdeg CS-bn-emWv aspermilmcp BZiquesti-hy-Xn-bm--kw- hw Ziquestin-degp-part-Xv AYhm nregv Hm v SqOslashv Ub-d-IvSiquest Zpss_ ssiJnssbquo Nmh-Sn-b-yenn-c-Oslashnnot ]spara-Sp-Oslash-Xmbn t^mtacutem klnXw ImWm-n-S-bm-bn CXpw h-bm-Ym-yumln-I-cpsS Im]Syw a- n-em-degmge Imc-W-am-bn Bsc-paranepw iniquestdegp-Iƒtdegm _nZv-A-Oslashp-Iƒtdegm ]nyenpWnotIn-b-Xp-sIm-neradic Cubp-asymp-hge kwL-S--hn- -Xv adn-regv COslashcw XvhIfpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw S-Oslashn-bn v kwL-S Ahsc tNmZyw sNoslashp-I-t]m-epw-sN-oslashmsX n w-KX]men-degp-IbmWv sNbvX-Xv AXp-sIm-nem-Wv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-trade-Xv

CXn-ssbquo-sbmsdeg CS-bn-em-Wv Ckzvemlv amkn-I-bpsSiniquestdegv ]Nm-c-Whpw S-partn-cp-part-Xv Pnpartn-tmSpw ae-degn-tmSpw klm-bw-tX-Smw Ahiquest `uXnI Pohn-I-fm-Wvkpsse-amge _n(-A) Pnpartp-I-tfmSv klmbw tXSn-bn- p-nev kemw kpradic-anbpw sNdn-b-apnew A_vZpnotl-aoZv aZ-nbpw A]-Imcw tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- pnev Fpartn-szligst]mIppartp ymbo-I-c-Ww e-Oslashnnot XuloZv ]d-bm-pasympkzmXyenyw t]mepw Cu h-bm-Ym-yumln-Iiquest Cradicm-Xm-degnBsc-paranepw Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw XuloZv ]d-trademnot bmYm-yumlnI apkveym-deg-summiquest ]Ziquestin-prodn-degp-partXv kI-cnoslashm kzem-ln-bpsS Pnpartp-I-tfmSv klmbw tXSmw ae-degp-I-tfmSvklmbw tXSmw Fpart ]kw-K-Im-k-permilm-Wv Pnpartp-Ifpw ae-degp-Ifpw ac-W-sprod- -hcpw sΩ kw_-lsquon-treg-S-tOslashmfw AZr-iy-cmWv A`u-Xn-I-cp-am-Wv AXp-shregv apkveymdegƒdegvapPm-ln-Zp-Isf hnaiquestin-degmge ]bm-k-an-radic kwL-SBZiquesti-Oslashnssbquo hgn-bn-tedegv Xncn-regp-h-cptam Fpartv Fradicm]co-pound-W-szligfpw S-Oslashn-b-Xn-p-ti-j-amWv Cubpasymp-hgeh-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bp-part-Xv Ah-kmw Cubp-asymp-hge Pnpartp-_m-[sb kw_-lsquonregpw Ch-cpsS ]pXnbhmZ-szligsf Jfin-regp-sImnepw Jpiquest-Bge amXw sXfn-hm-degn-sdegmnev Anota-miquest amkn-I-bn-tedegv Hcp teJw Fgp-Xn kI-cnoslashm kzemln sNmSndegpw Fpart Imc-W-Oslashmnot]kvXpX teJw FSp-Oslashn-radic

tXr-Xzhpw Pnpartp-tk-h-Icpw XΩn-epasymp _lsquow a- n-em-degm-pasymp Hcp ]co-poundWw IqSn-bm-bn-cppartp FssbquoteJ-w Cu Pnpartp-Kqprodv Ah-cpsS kwL-S--bnnot hfiquestpartp-h-cn-I-bm-Wv Aszligns Hcp hn`mKw Xspart Ah-cnnot CradicmFpartv km[m-c-W-]-hiquestOslash-Isc sXpermiln-le-cn-prodn-degm-mWv nc-yen-c-ambn ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ S-Oslashp-partXpw ]kvXpX ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fnnot PnpartpKqprodp-Imsc ]spara-Sp-prodn-degp-part-Xpw ]tpoundkm[m-cW ]hiquestOslash-Iiquest Ctprodmƒ AXv a- n-em-degn-h-cp-partp-nev Rmge Ah-cpsS kwL-S--hn- -Xn-p-tijw ]e-t-Xm-deg-fp-ambpw _lsquo-sprod-Sp-I-bp-nem-bn kw`m-j-W-Oslashn-partn-S-bnnot Fyenp-sImnev Chsc kwL-S--bnnotnpartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degp-partnradic Fpart Fssbquo tNmZy-Oslashn-pasymp adp-]Sn kwL-S ]nfcpw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp kwL-S ]nfiquestpartmnot

tXrXzw ]cn-an-X-am-Ipw ]ikvXn jvS-sprod-Spw Ah-kmw ac-W-Oslashn-p-ap-ordmp-X-spart tXr-Ip-prodmbw Agn-regp-sh-tdeg-nen-h-cpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bmge apermilp ]e Imc-W-szlig-fp-ap-nev Ah-Iƒ AX-]-[m--a-sradic-paranepw Fgp-Xm-Xn-cn-degmgeniquesthm-l-an-radic F ]n apPm-lnZv ]yumlmw nb-yenn-degp-partXv AXnssbquo ]fin-X-kw-L-S--ap-Xnot Fw Fkv Fwhsc Nne tImdeg-kp-I-fm-Wv ]kvXpX tImdeg-kp-I-fmWvtXr-cw-K-tOslashdegv ]m-ep-I-fp-nem-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nemWv]kvXpX kwL-Sm tXr-n-c-bn-tedegv ]pXnb HcmƒIS-partp-h-cm-Oslash-Xpw IS-partp-h-part-hge ]pd-Oslashp-t]m-Im-Oslash-XpwaX-]-c-amb hnj-b-szlig-fntem atpermilm Cu tImdeg-kp-I-fnnotsprodacuteBsc-sb-paranepw FXniquestOslashmnot Ahge Xg-b-sprod-Spw Cubp-asymp-h-sbpw Aszligs Xg-tradep-niquestOslashmpw Hpermil-sprod-Sm-Oslashmpw appartp-m-ep-sImradicwap-ordmvXspart Hcp iaw S-partn- p-nev ]spound AXX Imcy-ambn FSp-Oslashn-cp-partn-radic AXpwIiquesta-im-kvX-]-c-amb Nne hnj-b-szlig-fnnot tcp-]-d-trade-Xnssbquot]cn-em-bn-cp-partp ZAvhOslashv(-]-t_m-[-w)-cw-KOslashv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-sb-partXv tXr-tam-ltam A[n-Im-c-tam-ltam AradicAXv Hmtcm hyDaggerndegpw a-kvImcw tmordmp-t]mse niquest_-lsquo-amb Imcy-am-Wv AXv A[-n-Im-c-tam-l-am-sWpartv ]N-cn-prodn-degp-part-hge Ckvem-anssbquo _me-]m-Tw-t]mepw Adn-bmOslash ]Sp-hn-UvVn-bm-Wv

PwC-oslash-Oslashpnot De-am -bnnot Cubp-asymp-hge^Xvhmt_miquestUv saordm-dpw hmZ-]-Xn-hmZw ]Tn-degppart ]fin-X-summ-cpsS D]-tZ-i-Ik-an-Xn-bnse Hcp saordm-dpw-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-partp AOslashcw henb yumlm-szligƒ Hgn-hm-degn-sdegm-nemWvCu kwL-S--bn-tedegv hpart-Xv AXv BZiquesti-Oslashn-p-th-nen-bm-Wv Cu kwL-S--bnnot Cubp-asymp-hge Hcp yumlmhpwAe-para-cn-degp-partn-radic Ωp-sS epoundyw ZAvhOslashm-Wv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Isc hnacutep-]n-cn-bm-pasymp aspermilmcp ImcWw Ah-cn-epasymp XJveoZv(-A-lsquo-amb Ap-I-c-Ww) atm- m-h-am-WvAnot_mn aZvl-_p-Imcpw apermilpasymp Nne aue-hn-amscXJveoZv sNoslashp-part-hcpw AXnnot nc-h-[n-bm-Wv ]tXy-InregvBZiquestiw a- n-em-degmsX Cu ASpOslash ImeOslashv AXn-tedegv hpartn- pasymp sNdp-prod-degm-cn-emWv Cu ]h-WX A[n-Ihpw Inep-h-cp-part-Xv Nne-cpsS XmSn-bpsS of-Oslashnpwapermilp Nne-cpsS ]kw-K-Oslashnse cmK-szligƒdegpw aqf-ep-IƒdegpwAan-X-amb ]m[myw notIn ]acutemordmn `mKOslashv PnreghyDaggern-sb-tprodmepw jmiquestP-bnse ssiJmbn sImnep--S-degp-partp

apPm-lnZv ]yumlmw apordmv ]t_m-[w sNbvXn-cppartandeg-hmdpw Imcy-szligƒdegv Cdegq- iquest FXn-cm-Wv Hcp ]yumlm--Oslashnnot Ahiquest sXpermilp sNoslashp-partn-sradic-paranepw AXnv hfw-sh-regp-sIm-Sp-degp-partXpw sXpermilp sNoslashp-part-Xnp Xpey-am-Wv Iiquesta-im-kvX-]-c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot apordmv Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw kppart-Oslashn-ssbquobpw ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot mw ]hiquestOslashn-regp-t]m-cppart]e Iiquesta-szlig-fnepw amkmyenw hyXym-k-szligƒ hcpOslashn]pXnb Iiquesta-im-kvX-szligƒ cq]-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partpPnpartp-tk-h-Iƒdegpw knlvdv _m[degpw Aan-X-amb]m[myw notIn P-szligsf Alsquo-hn-izm-k-szlig-fnnot Xf-regn-Smge Xoh-iaw S-degp-partp tXrXzw n -lm-bcpw n w-K-cp-ambn tmdegn-nnotdegp-partp COslash-c-samcp Iqacutem-bva-bnnotFsyenmsdeg `uXnI s]men-a-Ifpw ]Xm-kp-Ifpw ]W-sdegm-gpprodpw Dsne-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Ap-K-lhpwimizX hnP-b-Oslashn-pasymp Aiquestl-Xbpw AhnsS Hcn-degepwe`n-degn-radic Aradicmlp cpoundn-deg-sacute

2010 Pqsse14

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse ]nfiquestprodnssbquo ]rsaquom-Oslash-e-Oslashnnot ]apJ ]fin-Xge A_vZp emwkpradic-ansb njvI-cpWw hnaiquestin-degp-part-h-tcmSv thZ-n-degppart a-t m-sSbpwKpW-Imw-pound-tbm-sSbpw Nne Imcy-szligƒ Ipdn-degp-I-bm-Wv

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse ]nfiquestprodnnot BZiquesti]ctamkwL-S-m-]-ctam Bb GsX-paranepw Hcp Niquestreg-bnnot kemw-kp-radic-an-bpsS Hcp ]pkvX-Itam ]kw-Ktam ]pkvI-OslashnseHcp Dplusmn-c-Wntbm hcntbm hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bn- nradic (cnevIq -cp-sSbpw ]_-lsquo-szligƒ ]cn-tim-[n-degp-I)

]pkvX-I-szlig-fpsS t]cnepw teJ--szlig-fpsS t]cnepwBtcm-]-W-szligƒ Dpart-bn-deg-sprod- -h-sc tmdegp-I lpsskgeaS-hqiquest Fw Fw Zvhn sI sI apl-ΩZv kpradic-an Ip -traquo-cn sNdn-b-apnew laoZv aZ-n Chn-sS-sbmpartpw kemw-kp-radic-anbpsS t]cv hpartnradic ]pkvX-I-szligfpw Cradic

Anota-m-dnnot aiquestlqw sI ]nbpsS ImeOslashv tNmtZym-Oslashcw evImge Gev]n-deg-sprod- Xv kemw kpradic-an-sb-bm-bn-cppartp FpartXv F ]n hn`mKw Xspart kΩ-Xn-degp-partp

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse Bi-bm-Ziquesti ASn-Oslash-d-bp-ambn _lsquo-sprod v Hacutep-andeg ]pkvX-I-szligfpw Fgp-Xn-bXvkemw-kp-radic-an-bmWv (kp-partn-I-fpsS kXy-[m-c-bnnot Aordm-e-deg-Shv laoZv ss^kn Cu Imcyw Fgp-Xp-partp-nev)

]yumlmw cnembn ]nf-cp-part-Xnv apordmv CradicmOslash GsXmcp ]pXnb hmZ-amWv kemw kpradic-andegv Ctprodm-gp-asympXvFpart Imcyw ]tXyIw ile-biquestln-degp-partntradic

sI Fge Fw tcn v S-Oslashppart FS-hAElig Pman-Abnnot Kh sslkvIqƒ tPmen cmPn-shregv cnev ]Xn-permilm-nen-tesd Imew Xpmdash-amb iordm-f-Oslashnv tPmen sNbvX kemwkpradic-andegv Apartn-radicmOslash hradic ]pXnb hmZhpw ]nparto-Sp-nem-bn- ptnem (A-tplusmn-lsOslash Ahn-sS-npartpw Bcpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bn- n-radic Fpart Imcyw ]tXyIw a- n-em-tdeg-ne-Xn-tradic)

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lm-b-Xns Zpiquest_-e-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-tnem lZokv kzoI-cn-degm-pasymp am-Z-fi-szlig-fnnot Jpiquest-B-

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Cu n_-lsquo--I-sfmsdeg Dkp-eqnot lZo-knssbquo]fin-X-summiquest nrsaquo-bn-reg-Xtradic

AXp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute ]pkvX-I-szligƒ Cd-degn-bXv apgp-hpw apPm-lnZv sksbquo-dnnot

kwL-S ]nf-cp-part-Xnv apordmpasymp Cu am-Z-fi-szlig-ƒ Ctprodmgmsc-paranepw kzoIm-cy-a-sradicpartv hmZn-degp-partptnem

Cu n_-lsquo--Iƒ Dnem-degn-bXv kemw kpradic-an-bm-tWm

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Hcp lZokv KŸw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-b-tprodmƒ AXnse apgp-hge lZo-kp-Ifpw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-Ibpw hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bh Nqnen-degm-Wn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-I-b-radicmsXkzyenw ne-bnnot Atplusmnlw GXv lZo-kmWv Xasympn-deg-f-tradeXv

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2010 Pqsse 15

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2010 Pqsse16

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2010 Pqsse16

2010 Pqsse 17

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CXbpw sImnev Xoiquestpartnradic s]mradicmprodpIƒ 2002 BKAtildev12mWv `npartnprodpImiquest Ckzvemlo ]yumlmsOslash njv-IcpWw IpOslashnprodnfiquestOslashnbXv AXmbXv F v hiquestjw apge-]v Apartv _lpamyiquest ]Xszligƒdegpw IogvLSIszligƒdegpwnotInb hniZoIcWIpdnprodnnot HpartmaXmbn ]dtradeBtcm]Ww sI Fge FΩnv Hcp ldividev Kqprodpnem-bn-cnsdeg aspermilmcp ldividev Kqprodv ]hiquestOslashnregp FpartXmbncppartp]spound B Btcm]WsOslash IS]pgdegnsdegmnemWv knUn Shdnse tanot ldividev Kqprodnssbquo ]ckyw ]Xncopyv h-iquestjsOslash tkh ]mcordmcyamWv CXv AhImisprodSppartXvAXmbXv kwLS ]nfcppartXnssbquobpw Ggv hiquestjszligƒdegvapge]v Anotamiquest ldividev sknot XpSszligppartXnssbquobpw Bdvh-iquestjszligƒdegv apge]v Cu ldividev Kqprodv ]hiquestOslash-amcw-`nregncppartp AXnssbquo AacOslashv kzyendegmcmbXnmepwItkcbpw JPmhpw kzyenamdegmpasymp PnlmZnssbquo[zPhmlImbXnmepw ApartXv ΩpsS tXmdegfpsSIcnordmacutenIbnepƒsprodacutenradic Fpartv amXw

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sI Fge FΩnssbquo GI ldividev KqprodvCu h-cn sImnepw ]tXyI Imcy-an-sradic-partv Ap`hOslashnnot npartpw a- nemdegnb HutZymKnIdegmiquest HcShpIqSn ]bpermiln tmdegn Ctprodmƒ hcppart]ckyszligfnnot sI Fge FΩnssbquoIognepff GI ldividev Kqprodv Fpart h-cndegv Xmsg honepw aspermilmcp hcn AXn-]Imcw sI Fge FΩnp Iognnot a-permilp ldividev KqprodpIfnradic

2010 Pqsse 17

2010 Pqsse18

radicnssbquo ]ckyw i_m_nnot notInbncppartXv KqXcambAregSdegewLambncppartp Apartv ]spound tanot ldividev Kq-prodnssbquo ]ckyw npartnprodpImcnse F ]n Kqprodnssbquo apJ]X-Oslashnepw kdegcnoslash Kqprodnssbquo apJ]XOslashnepw arsquocnregv]-XypoundsprodacutepsImnencndegppartp apPmlnZpIsf ampermilnniquest-Oslashn ]Icw ]XnjvTnreg BƒdegqacuteOslashnssbquo adhnbpw A-lsquoam-b hnt[bXzhpw henb ApKlambn ImWp-I-bmWv npartnprodv tXrXzantprodmƒ

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ldividev KqprodpIfpsS NmIc `npartnprodp ]mfbOslashnnot A-]kzcszligfpnemdegshbmWv apJ]XOslashnnot ]pXnsbmcpldividev Kqprodnssbquo ]ckyw apPmlnZnssbquoXv XspartbmWv ]-spound sI Fge FΩnssbquoXradic Fpartmbncppartp hnfnregtz-jn-reghiquestdegv Inacutenb adp]Sn Pdnot skIacutednbpsS acpaIgeIqSnbmb bph]finXpw FdWmwIpfsOslash XeapXniquestparttXmhpamWsX CXnssbquo mbIiquest AXymhiywip`]XopoundtbmsSbmWnXnssbquo innotprodnIsfpartv ldividev-Kq-prodnssbquo t]cv Xspart kqN notIppartpnev sNΩm pImcmb

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adeg Ckzvemlo sksbquodnnot Xmakw hsc hmKvZmwsNoslashppart Kq-prodnssbquo innotprodnbmhsacute AtX AUvtlmdegnseaspermilmcw-Kw ]nfiquestprodnssbquo AWnbdbnnot Gsd hnbiquest-sprodm-gpdegnb t-XmdegfmWv apermilp ldividevKqprodpIfpsSbpw Aac-Oslashv BtcmSv ]dbmge Aaiquestjw tXmpartnbntacutem ymbszligƒncOslashn ]-Xntcm[nregntacutem AregSdeg S]SnsbSpOslashntacutemCu Zpch-yumlbnnot npartpw apJw cpoundndegmge Ignbnsradicpartvt-XrXzw Xncnregdnbppartpnev B XncnregdnhmWv kamyen-cdegmcpsS Duiquestdividehpw XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv ]n-partnnot ]hiquest-Oslashnreg AhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart ]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmge t]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXv kzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmw NnradicpIqacutenemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

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2010 Pqsse 19

iniquestdegv alm-]m-]-am-sWpartpw hradic-hpw iniquestdegv sN-bvXmnot Ahge Atszlig-bpermilw hgn-]n-g-regp-t]mbhm-sWpartpwhm-tem-I-Oslashp-npartv Xmtgm- p-ho-W-h-s-tprodm-se-bm-sWpartpwhniple Jpiquest-Bge ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Fpartmnot Rszligƒ iniquest-degv sNoslashp-partn-sradic-partmWv Ahiquest hmZn-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Jpiquest-Bge iniquestdegm-sWpartv hyDagger-am-degnb Imcy-szligƒJpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kp-I-fp-sSbpw shfn-reg-Oslashnnot apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaiquestYn-degp-tordmmƒ Rszlig-fpsS t]cnnot iniquestdegm-tcm-]Ww S-Oslashp-I-bmWv nszlig-sfpartv ka-kvX(-Im-yen-]pcw -C sI hn`m-K-szligƒ) kwyumlm kppartnbpw apermilpkppartn-hn- m--K-szligfpw ]N-fi-amb ]Nm-cWw S-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partp

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iniquestdegnssbquo niquesth-Nw ]mam-Wn-I-K-Ÿ-szlig-fnepwka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnepw

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Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

Pemnot atcopycn

icn-bm-Wv Ckz-vemlv amkn-I-bnnotFgp-Xp-partXv ImWpI ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pn-partp-I-sfbpw apermilm-scbpw hnfn-regp-tX-Smge ]mSn-sradicpartpw ]miquestY--degp-Oslashcw evImge A-hiquest-degv Ign-bn-sradicpartpw Jpiquest-Bge sΩ ]Tn-prodn-degppartp (C-kz-vemlv amkn-I 2006 Unwk-_iquest adtradeamiquestKhpw kpradic-an-bpsS hnh-c-tdeg-Spw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemln t]Pv 6) ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhn-fnregp tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Cu tUmIvSiquest ChnsSFgp-Xp-partp Cu hnUvVnOslashw i_m-_nnot ]nSn-Iq-Sn-b-tprodmƒPnpartpw knlvdpw aS-hq-cn-I-fpsS Zpjv]-Nm-c-Whpw Fpartt]-cnnot Ctplusmnlw Xspart ]kn-leo-I-cnreg ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot-hn-fnregp tXSmge ]mSn-sradic-partpw ]dtrade mKw shacuten-am-permiln-bmWvF-gp-Xp-part-Xv

AXnssbquo ]qiquestW-cq]w ImWpI apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ Fhn-sS-bmWv Pnpartns hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-tradeXv Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw ]d-trade-Xmbn Cu Iasymp-hm-Zn-Iƒdegv sXfn-bn-degmge km[n-degptam adnregv Aradicm-lp-h-radicmOslash bmsXm-partn-tmSpw AXv Pnpartm-I-sacute hen-oslashm-Isacute ae-degm-Isacute hnfnregv]miquestYn-degp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSpasympq FpartmWv apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaq-lsOslash ]-Tnprodnregp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv aS-hq-cn-I-tf BSns ]acuten-bm-degppart nszlig-fpsS Cu hrOslashn-sIacute Xyenw hn kn Ipacuten-I-fp-sS ASpOslashp aXn apPm-ln-Zp-IƒdegnS-bnnot AXv sNe-hm-Inradic (Pnpartpw knlvdpw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemlnt]Pv 23) ]acutensb BSm-degp-hmge thnen ae-degp-IsfbpwPn-partp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Ckz-vem-lnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv Aacuten-a-dnregv Ah-X-cn-prodn-degp-I-bmWv tUm-IvSiquest Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot sNoslashp-part-Xv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degnot iniquestdegm-sWpartpw Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvamXta ]miquestYn-degp-hmge ]mSp-asympp-shpartpw kppartn-I-fnnot s]acutehen-sbmcp hn`mKw apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp-nev

CXp ]d-bp-hmge apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS ]asympn-Ifpw yumlm]--szligfpw kzOslashpw ssIh-i-sprod-SpOslashn ke^n thjw [cnregvS-degppart h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsS Bh-iy-an-radic ac-W-sprod--h-sc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip-vdp-am-Wv CXp-t]mse Xspart ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sf-

bpw hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip vdp-am-Wv CXp Xspart-bm-bn-cppartp apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHpartmw XnbXn sXmacutepasymp apJy ]t_m-[ hnj-bw ]asympn-bpw yumlm]--szligfpw Ahiquest niquestan-regXv CXv ]d-bp-hm-m-Wv ae-degp-I-fpsSbpw Pnpartp-I-fpsSbpw Ign-hnpartv Aprodp-d-apasympXv tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-iquest ]d-bp-partp ae-degnssbquobpw Pnpartp-I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hnssbquo]cn-[n-Iƒ nrsaquo-bn-degp-hmge apdegv km[y-a-sradicpartpw ChiquestXspart ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Ch-cpsS Cu ASnyumlm XXz-]-

Im-chpw ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp iniquestdegn-sbpwIp vdn-sbpw ]nSn-IqSn Xulo-Zm-degp-hmgeian-degp-part-hiquestdegv Hcp-Xcw AlsquoX _m[n-regn-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Chiquest FyenmWv ]d-bp-Ibpw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNoslashp-part-sXpartvChiquestdegpXspart Adn-bp-partn-radic

CkvXn-Km-kbpwaX-]-fin-X-summcpw

]qiquesthn-I-cmb andeg aX-]-fin-X-summcpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregv klmbwtXSn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv ka-kvX-bnse

apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp kXym-hkvY hnh-cn-degmtam

A_vZpnotI-cow sImregn

hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

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hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

samgnregp ]d-bpI B hmN-I-hpw AXn-XmWv euemdegeuemdeg eam Je-IvOslashpnot A vemdegv AiquestYw ]hm-N-I-tc Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Cu ]]-copy-sOslash-Oslashspart krjvSndegp-am-bn-cp-partn-sradic-partv Aradicmlp _n(-k)tbmSv ]]copy aJn-ehpwkrjvSnregXnssbquo nanOslashw ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n Dnem-b-Xp-sIm-nem-sW-partv CXnepw hen-sbmcp pWbpw Bpermilw-t_mw-_p-aptnem _n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXm AtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregp tmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmw Bkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-IpartvIgn-trade-Xp-an-radic Fpartnacutepw aZvlpIƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bppart NpW-degp- -summiquest COslashcw euemdeg euemdeg Dd-sdeg-bp-dsdeg]mSn-prod-d-bp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp hmdegp-Iƒ sImnev AΩm--am-Sppart hlm-_n-I-fpsS t]Sn-kz-]v-szligƒ hnfn-regp-Iq-hppartCu euemdegbpsS nP-yumlnXnsbsyenpartv Ahiquest Kun-degp-partn-radic auenZv XS-cppartp ^ hpenZ _n hPvlnnotAJvPe Ja-dmge h^iquest JZm Aem lph-radicZo Xh- e_nln-B-Zw h vX-Jd _n Iunlo Jmen-Zge hkvX-Kmk _nlo qlpge ^Pm annot dZm hIm-^okzpnot_n C_vdmlow Asseln emw lo Dnotdegnb^npartm-cn BZ hkmd elv_p^m apJva-Zm AsXAszligs Atplusmnlw ]qiquestW Nmicro-sbpw [ph-]-tZ-iOslashvDbiquestpartp nevdegppart pound-X-sOslashbpw mWn-prodn-degppart apJ-hp-ambn ChnsS ]nd-partp Adn-bp-I Atplusmn-lsOslashsdegmnevBZw Xh- pnot sNoslashp-Ibpw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]nXm-hm-ImgeIgn-trade-Xnnot A`n-amw sImasympp-Ibpw sNbvXp IqSmsXqlv(-A) Atplusmn-l-sOslash-sdegmnev CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashn-b-Xn-m-emWv alm hn]-Oslashnnot npartv (]-f-b-Oslashnnot npartv) cpound-sprod- -Xv Xspart-bp-a-radic Atplusmnlw C_vdmlow(A)-bpsS apXp-Innot Dnem-bn-cp-part-Xn-m-emWv AmiddotnIpfimcw XWpOslashvsI -Sszlign cpound-sprod- -Xv lm Fyenm-Wn-hiquest ]d-bp-part-sXpartvAh-c-dn-bp-partn-radic tNmdpw ssIa-Sdegpw In n-bmnot GXv hymP-hm-tdm-e-Ifpw Cu XmPpnot De-am-degƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bpw

(Xp-S-cpw)

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

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(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

iwkp-plusmnoge ]me-tdegmSv

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CMYK

2010 Pqsse12

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AnotCkzvemlv

2010 Pqsse 13

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2010 Pqsse14

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sI Fge Fw tcn v S-Oslashppart FS-hAElig Pman-Abnnot Kh sslkvIqƒ tPmen cmPn-shregv cnev ]Xn-permilm-nen-tesd Imew Xpmdash-amb iordm-f-Oslashnv tPmen sNbvX kemwkpradic-andegv Apartn-radicmOslash hradic ]pXnb hmZhpw ]nparto-Sp-nem-bn- ptnem (A-tplusmn-lsOslash Ahn-sS-npartpw Bcpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bn- n-radic Fpart Imcyw ]tXyIw a- n-em-tdeg-ne-Xn-tradic)

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Cu n_-lsquo--I-sfmsdeg Dkp-eqnot lZo-knssbquo]fin-X-summiquest nrsaquo-bn-reg-Xtradic

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Cu n_-lsquo--Iƒ Dnem-degn-bXv kemw kpradic-an-bm-tWm

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Hcp lZokv KŸw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-b-tprodmƒ AXnse apgp-hge lZo-kp-Ifpw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-Ibpw hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bh Nqnen-degm-Wn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-I-b-radicmsXkzyenw ne-bnnot Atplusmnlw GXv lZo-kmWv Xasympn-deg-f-tradeXv

HmiquestdegpI Ch-sbmsdeg ]pd-Oslashn-d-szlign-bXv kwL-Sm]iv-Oslashnv apordmm-bn-cp-partp Aspartmpartpw kpradic-an-bpsStNmcdegv thnen Bcpw InX-bvdegp-partp-nem-bn-cp-partnradic

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]e hnjbszlig-fnepw temI ]i-kvXcpw njvIma Iiquestan-I-fp-amb ]fin-X-summiquest GIm- n-]m-b-degm-cradic Ah-c-hcva n-em-degnb ]Tw SOslashn ]cn-tim-[nregv tcJ-sprod-Sp-OslashnbImcy-szligƒ ]eXpw hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cp-partp AXnssbquo t]cnnotAhsc mw Fsyenm-sdeg-prod-d-b-Ww

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Jpdm- n-Iƒ Dpart-bn-degppart ]e lZo-kp-Ifpw XssbquoImgvN-prodm-Snnot knnotkne kzlo-l-bnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-OslashnbAnot_m-nsb mw Fyenv sNoslash-Ww

kvXo apJw ad-bvdegWw Fpartv ]dtrade C_vp_mkns mw Fyenv hnfn-deg-Ww

kp_-lndegv JqqOslashv HmXp-partXnv mw hntcm-[-sampartpw ImWp-partn-radic Fspart-gp-Xnb sI Daiquest aue-hnsbmw Fszligs ImWWw

CA-vXn-Zm-ennot ssI scopynnot shdeg-W-sapartv XvhevIppart kpDu-Zn-bnse ke^n ]fin-X-summcpw AXv_nZvOslashm-sW-part-gp-Xnb Anot_m-nbpw temtIm-Oslashc ]fin-X-summ-csradic

Cszligs FX-sbX hnj-b-szligƒ Aev]w amXw lZokv kzoI-cn-regv apgp-hge Imcy-szlig

fpw Jpiquest-B-nssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot aX-n-baw Ioslashm-fnbaZvl-_nssbquo Camw A_q-l-o- sb Bsc-paranepw tXtPm-

i_oiquest FS-degpfwkpradic-ansbISn-regp-Io-dp-part-h-tcmSv

2010 Pqsse 15

h[w sNbvXpthm mb-bpsS Xe H-gn-hm-degn-bmnot _mdegnP sradicpartv ]d-tradeXv kemw-kp-radic-an-b-radictradicm Camw amen-degsradic Fpartnacutepw B ]fin-Xsc mw BZ-cn-degp-partp

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F ]ntbm Sn ]ntbm ]metOslashm Cszligs Hcm-tcm-]-WhpwAtplusmn-l-sOslash-prodpermiln ]d-bp-partnradic Fpart-Xv Hcp Imcyw IqSnBiquestdegpw Jpiquest-Btm lZotkm ]Tnregv ]fin-X-summ-cmhmwAXradic kemw kpradic-ansb Nhnacuten saXn-regn v Xspart-bm-h-W-sa-parannot Aszlig-s-bp-am-hmw kemw kpradic-an-sb BtKmflZokv ]fin-Xge Ifn-bm-degnot S-Oslashn-bmte a-spermilmcp]fin-X-mhq FpartmsWparannot AXp-am-hmw

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Akokv aue-ho amprodv

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Iptraden-tdegmb amAtildeiquest sIm -prodpdw

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Aoslash-prodge hnf-degp-rsquo-h-Oslashnssbquo dntprodmiquestacutep_p-degnnot 44- mw -ordmiquest `Daggerge Sn ]n A_vZp-radic-tdegmb aZ-n-bmWv hfsc ]gsbmcp kw`hw ZpiquesthymJymw sNbvXv ]N-cn-prodn-regv ]pXnbkw -h-am-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cn-prodn-degmge Aordm-e-Oslashnnot tXszlig-bp-Sreg ]kn-Usbquo v Fpartv ]kw-K-szlig-fnepw ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnepw Akokv aue-hnsb Icn-hm-cn-tOslashregv tLmjnregvS-degmge Ipacuten]mkw-Kn-Isc Ib-dqcn hnacute ]kn-Usbquo v X-spart CXm AWn-Iƒ-sdegmcp DKge tImfv evIn-bn-cn-degp-partp AWn-Iƒdegv kam-[m-n-degmw Cu hgnsb Xspart A-Wn-sbm-prodnregv oszligmw ]c-tem-IOslashv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo appartnnotCsXradicmw Gspermil-Sp-degmge Atszlig-cp-nem-hp-atradicm Akokvaue-hnsb acn-regn- pw shdpsX hnSmOslash auem--amiquest CXn-s Ipdn-sregyenv ]d-bppartp Fpart-dn-bmge shdpsX Hcp tam-lw _lp-h-microy-mb F hnbpsS t]cnnot Iasymp-tdegkv ev-In ac-W-sprod- nacutepw Atplusmn-lsOslash AXnnot Hpartmw ]Xn-bmdegnIasympkXyw sNbvX P-dnot skI- -dn-bpsS Ap-bm-bn-I-fnnotnpartpw Acurrenp-X-szlig-sfmpartpw ]Xo-poundn-degge hI-bn-radictradicm

hmnotdegjvWw COslash-c-samcp kw`hw Hcp _lp-aXkaq-l-Oslashnnot ]N-cW hnj-b-am-hp-part-Xnse Au-Nn-Xy-hpw Nneiquestsdeg-paranepw CXp-nem-degppart thZ-bpw Adn-bm-traden- -radic Akokv aue-hnsb Aym-b-ambn ISn-regp-Io-dn-b--tprodmƒ auw ]men-reg-Xnv hnNn-yen--apƒsprod-sS-bpasymp ]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot aue-hn-sdeg-Xnsc Cu iniquestdegm-tcm-]WwXpSiquestpart-tprodmƒ AXnv XW-te-In-b-Xn-v auehn acn-regn- p-t]mepw DpartX tXm-degƒ tXrXzw evIppart ]asympn-I-fn-se anordm-dp-I-fnnot hsc Cu ]N-cWw XpSiquestpart-Xn-v aue-hn--bpsS _lsquop-deg-fpsS IAEligocpw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw Inen-sradic-partv Sn-reg-Xnv nszligƒsdegyenv hni-Zo-IcWw evIm-m-hpw AtXm-sSmprodw Cnsb-paranepw B Zpjv]-hr-OslashndegvHcp XncpOslashv nszlig-fnnot ]Xo-poundn-degmtam

2010 Pqsse16

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2010 Pqsse16

2010 Pqsse 17

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2010 Pqsse 17

2010 Pqsse18

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XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv]n-partnnot ]hiquest-OslashnregAhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmget]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXvkzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmwNnradicpIq nemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

2010 Pqsse 19

iniquestdegv alm-]m-]-am-sWpartpw hradic-hpw iniquestdegv sN-bvXmnot Ahge Atszlig-bpermilw hgn-]n-g-regp-t]mbhm-sWpartpwhm-tem-I-Oslashp-npartv Xmtgm- p-ho-W-h-s-tprodm-se-bm-sWpartpwhniple Jpiquest-Bge ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Fpartmnot Rszligƒ iniquest-degv sNoslashp-partn-sradic-partmWv Ahiquest hmZn-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Jpiquest-Bge iniquestdegm-sWpartv hyDagger-am-degnb Imcy-szligƒJpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kp-I-fp-sSbpw shfn-reg-Oslashnnot apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaiquestYn-degp-tordmmƒ Rszlig-fpsS t]cnnot iniquestdegm-tcm-]Ww S-Oslashp-I-bmWv nszlig-sfpartv ka-kvX(-Im-yen-]pcw -C sI hn`m-K-szligƒ) kwyumlm kppartnbpw apermilpkppartn-hn- m--K-szligfpw ]N-fi-amb ]Nm-cWw S-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partp

GsX-paranepw hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegv Btcm-]n-degp-part-Xp-sImnev apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒdegv ]tXy-Inregv Hcp tacutehpw e`n-degm-n-radic Fpartmnot iniquestdegv GXv cq]-Oslashnnot Fhn-sS-npartvIS-partp-h-partmepw AXv iniquestdegm-sWpartv Xpd-partp-]-d-bm-pasympBiquestPhw apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ImWn-degm-dp-nev

iniquestdegnssbquo niquesth-Nw ]mam-Wn-I-K-Ÿ-szlig-fnepwka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnepw

Dpart-X-mb Aradicm-lp-hnv ]parap-Im-cs yumlm]n-degp-part-Xn-mWv iniquestsdegpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnnot Cpart hyDaggern]parap-tNiquestOslashp-shpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sm-dp-nev AXv Gpermilhpw henbAhn-izm-k-amWv (Anot ap vcZmOslashv t]Pv 259)

hnK-l-szligsf Bcm-[n-degnot amX-aradic iniquestdegv Fpartmnot]Xm-]-im-en-bmb nssbquo cpoundn-Xm-hnssbquo IqsS Ahge Hgn-sI-bp-asymp-Xns o sXc-strade-Sp-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (^p-Xq-lpnot ssKz_v aJme 7)

iniquestdegv sNoslashpI Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegvBcm-[--biquestprodn-degemWv bYmiquestY-Oslashnnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hge Bcm-[n-deg-sprod-Smge ]permilp-I-bn-radic (X vkodpnot I_oiquesthC-ZvJme epJvamge Fpart Bb-Oslashnssbquo hni-Zo-I-c-Ww)

temI apkvenw-Iƒ AwKo-I-cn-degppart KŸ-szlig-fnse C_m-d-Oslashp-I-fmWv apI-fnnot Dle-cn-reg-Xv Fpartmnot Xszligƒ sNoslashppart iniquestdegn-s- -iniquestdeg-sradicpartv ]dtradev ymbo-I-cn-degppartka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopound-W-szligƒ IqSn ImWp-I

Hcp hyDaggern Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degp-tordmmƒ amXtainiquestdegv hcp-partp-asympq Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv kzbw Ign-hp-snepartv hniz-kn-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (sIm- -prodpdw kwhmZw166 H Fw Xcp-h-W)

Bcm-[--degiquestl-mbn Aradicm-lpsh-tprodmse apermilp ]eXpwDsne-partpasymp hnizm-kw CXn-mWv iniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sp-partXv (Ciquestim-Zpnot C_m-Zv- -a-e-bmf ]cn- mj t]Pv 29 FwFw Cordmn-regn-tdegmb apkveymiquest)

tmdegp-I ka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopoundWOslashnnot HcphyDaggern acn-regmepw Csradic-paranepw Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-knregv

F A_vZpnotAkokv aZn

iniquestdegvBtcm-]-Wtam bmYmiquestYytam

Atplusmn-l-tOslashmSv ]miquestYn-regmte iniquestdegv hcn-I-bp-asympq A]-Imcw Xspart kzbw Ignhv B hnfn-deg-sprod-Sppart BƒdegvDsnepartv hniz-kn-regmte iniquestdegm-hp-I-bp-asympq FX hnNn-X-amb Hcp hopound-W-am-WnXv Jpiquest-Bpw ap - n-dp-Ifpw]hm-N-Ige(k)-bpsS lZo-kp-Ifpw Cu hmZsOslash Jfin-degp-partp o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa nszligƒ hnfnregv]m-iquest-Yn-degppart nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Isfprodpermiln nszligƒ Nnyennregvtmdegp-I Cu qan-bnnot Fyenm-W-hiquest krjvSn-regn- p-asymp-sXpartvnszligƒ Fndegv ImWn-regp-X-cn-I AX-radic BIm-i-szlig-fnnotAhiquestdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem AX-radic mw Ahiquestdegv hradic-K-Ÿhpw notIn-bn v AXnnot npartpasymp sXfn-h-p-k-cn-regmtWmAhiquest ne-sIm-asympp-partXv Fpartmnot AI-a-Im-cn-IƒAtymyw hmKvZmw sNoslashp-partXv hcopy--am-X-am-Ip-partp(^m-Xzniquest 40)

Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

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hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

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asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

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IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

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adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

d_o-Dnot Ahnot amk-Oslashnnot DZn-prodn-reg-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege Xspart-bp-a-radic kiquesth-tem-I-szligfpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnpapordmmbn Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]Imiw (qiquest) Dnem-degp-Ibpw]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv ma-I-cWwsNbvX-h-p-am-b-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege CXm-Wn-XnssbquoAiquestYw ]spound hniple Jpiquest-B-n-s XInSw adn-degm-pasymp ia-Oslashnssbquo mK-ambpasymp Hcp Ap-I-c-W-am-Wn-hnsSImWp-part-Xv Jpiquest-B-nse kqd-Oslashpnot Ckvdm-Cse Hpartm-asOslash BbOslashpw ageIqkv auen-Znssbquo BZysOslash Cuhmdegp-Ifpw a- n-cpOslashn Hpartv hmbnregp tmdegq XnIregpwJpiquest-B-n-tmSv InS-]n-Sn-degm-pasymp KqV iaw AXnnot Hfn-tradep-In-S-degp-part-Xmbn t_m-[y-sprod-Spw AsX Jpiquest-Bge hN--szligsftprodmse sIacuten-degq-acuten-bp-nemdegn _n(-k)-bpsSaZvlmWv ]d-bp-part-sXpartv hymtP CkvemansOslashspart Ifn-bm-degp-I-bm-Wn-hiquest Aszlig-s-bm-W-hiquest t]Sn-kz]vszligfpwDddegw sISp-Oslashn-I-fp-am-b-Xv kiquesth-tem-Iszlig-sfbpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnp apordmv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-bpsS Hfnhv (qiquest)krjvSn-regp-nem-degn-sbpartpw ]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hmWv ma-I-cWw sNbvX-sX-partp-amWvaueq-Zp-Im-cge Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)bpsSPw Dnem-b-tprodm-tgdegpw ]nXm-hmb A_vZpradic ac-W-sprod-acuten-cp-partp-shpartpw Aszligs Ipacutendegv apl-ΩZv Fpartv t]cp-hn-fn-regXv ]nXm-a-l-mb A_vZpnot apOslash-en-_m-sWpartpamWvNcnXkXyw Cu aueqZv A]qiquestW-a-sradic-parante Acurrenp-X-ap-asympq Asradic-paranepw cN-bn-Xmhv Bsc-part-dn-bmOslash Ipprod-IƒIb-permilnb Iprod-e-sradic apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mbnntbm-Knreg tijw Ah-X-cn-prodn-reg Jpiquest-B-nnot BZysOslashap-jy-kr-jvSn-bmbn BZ-an-s-bmWv ]cn-N-b-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-part-Xv Fpartmnot aueo-Znnot apl-ΩZv _n-bpsS ]Im-ihpwCOslashcw A_-le-szlig-ƒ ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hmge Imordm-bn-p-I-fp-nem-degp-parthiquest kppartOslashpPam-AOslashv CsXmpartpw icn-b-sradicpartp]d-bp-part-hiquest Zonssbquo ]pdOslashv Fsyenmcp sXmen-degacuten

apeqZv XpScmw h AJvd-Plp ^o BJn-cn- -amnIam Jplusmnd h A_vZm AiquestYw Atplusmn-lsOslash AradicmlpCu Ah-km--Im-e-L- -Oslashnnot AhgeI-degmdegn nrsaquonreg]Imcw ChnsS sImnep-h-partp IqSm-sX h Anot_-klpJnnotAOslashnot Pam-en-radicXo ew bpnot_nkvlm Al-ZmAsX Atplusmn-lsOslash Ahge Ae-param-c-Oslashnssbquo hkvX-szlig-fnnot npartpw apermilm-scbpw [cn-prodn-regn- n-radicm-OslashXv [cn-prodn-degp-IbpwsNbvXp tmdegpI kXy-hp-ambn CXnpartv hradic _lsquo-hp-aptnem Aradicmlp ap-jy-cnnot Gpermil-hp-a-[nIw wKn evIn-bXv bqkp v(A) _n-degm-Wv Fpartmnot ChnsS ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n-bm-sWpartpw Icp-Xn-degqacuten pW-Iƒniquestan-regp-nemdegn Ah-X-cn-prodn-regXv ]mSn S-degm-pasymp Ch-cpsS Niquesta Lw A]mcw Xspart

hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

samgnregp ]d-bpI B hmN-I-hpw AXn-XmWv euemdegeuemdeg eam Je-IvOslashpnot A vemdegv AiquestYw ]hm-N-I-tc Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Cu ]]-copy-sOslash-Oslashspart krjvSndegp-am-bn-cp-partn-sradic-partv Aradicmlp _n(-k)tbmSv ]]copy aJn-ehpwkrjvSnregXnssbquo nanOslashw ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n Dnem-b-Xp-sIm-nem-sW-partv CXnepw hen-sbmcp pWbpw Bpermilw-t_mw-_p-aptnem _n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXm AtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregp tmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmw Bkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-IpartvIgn-trade-Xp-an-radic Fpartnacutepw aZvlpIƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bppart NpW-degp- -summiquest COslashcw euemdeg euemdeg Dd-sdeg-bp-dsdeg]mSn-prod-d-bp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp hmdegp-Iƒ sImnev AΩm--am-Sppart hlm-_n-I-fpsS t]Sn-kz-]v-szligƒ hnfn-regp-Iq-hppartCu euemdegbpsS nP-yumlnXnsbsyenpartv Ahiquest Kun-degp-partn-radic auenZv XS-cppartp ^ hpenZ _n hPvlnnotAJvPe Ja-dmge h^iquest JZm Aem lph-radicZo Xh- e_nln-B-Zw h vX-Jd _n Iunlo Jmen-Zge hkvX-Kmk _nlo qlpge ^Pm annot dZm hIm-^okzpnot_n C_vdmlow Asseln emw lo Dnotdegnb^npartm-cn BZ hkmd elv_p^m apJva-Zm AsXAszligs Atplusmnlw ]qiquestW Nmicro-sbpw [ph-]-tZ-iOslashvDbiquestpartp nevdegppart pound-X-sOslashbpw mWn-prodn-degppart apJ-hp-ambn ChnsS ]nd-partp Adn-bp-I Atplusmn-lsOslashsdegmnevBZw Xh- pnot sNoslashp-Ibpw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]nXm-hm-ImgeIgn-trade-Xnnot A`n-amw sImasympp-Ibpw sNbvXp IqSmsXqlv(-A) Atplusmn-l-sOslash-sdegmnev CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashn-b-Xn-m-emWv alm hn]-Oslashnnot npartv (]-f-b-Oslashnnot npartv) cpound-sprod- -Xv Xspart-bp-a-radic Atplusmnlw C_vdmlow(A)-bpsS apXp-Innot Dnem-bn-cp-part-Xn-m-emWv AmiddotnIpfimcw XWpOslashvsI -Sszlign cpound-sprod- -Xv lm Fyenm-Wn-hiquest ]d-bp-part-sXpartvAh-c-dn-bp-partn-radic tNmdpw ssIa-Sdegpw In n-bmnot GXv hymP-hm-tdm-e-Ifpw Cu XmPpnot De-am-degƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bpw

(Xp-S-cpw)

AXpw CXp-amhmwIiquesta-imkvX ]c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot AgsIm-g-ordmge

bw BZiquesti-am-degnb ]yumlm--amWv Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an Ckvem-anssbquo t]cp-]-d-tradep-sIm-nepasymp Pam-A-OslashnssbquoCOslashcw hnI-e-hm-Z-szligsf Ckvemlo ]yumlmw Fdegm-eOslashpw FXniquestOslashpt]m-partn- p-nev Fpartmnot Cu ]hiquestOslash--szlig-fpsS t]cnnot Pam-A-Oslashp-Imiquestt]mepw Xszlig-fpsS Hpartmwordmiquest iXp-hmbn hnti-jn-prodnreg sF Fkv FΩn-p-tscCS-degm-eOslashv Nne Cd-degp-aXn agel-Pp-Imiquest GXmpwBtcm-]-W-szlig-fp-part-bn-regp sF Fkv FΩnssbquo BZiquesti-t]m-cmacutew Xszlig-fpsS Hfn-b-P-nedegv hnLm-X-am-Ip-sapart BiparaImc-Ww sF Fkv FΩns mam-h-ti-j-am-degp-I-bm-bn-cppartp Cu agel-Pp-Im-cpsS Btcm-]-W-szligƒdegv t]c-W-bm-b-Xv AXn-mbn Dpart-bnreg Btcm-]-W-szlig-fpsS Iq -OslashnnotGpermilhpw ][m--sprod- Xpw IuXp-I-I-c-hp-amb Hcp Btcm-]-W-am-bn-cppartp sF Fkv Fw CJvhmn-k-Oslashnssbquo ]nSn-b-a-e-aiquestpartp Fpart-Xv

Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an-bpsS aspermilmcp ]Xn-prodmbn sF

Poh-Im-cpWy ]hiquestOslash--szlig-fpsS Ckvem-anI ]m[myw Dƒsdegm-asympp-Ibpw ]Tn-prodn-degp-Ibpw ]mhiquest Oslashn-I-am-degp-Ibpw sNbvX ]yumlm--amWv tIcf Zvh OslashpnotapPm-ln-Zoge apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnv Poh-Im-cp-Wy-]-hiquestOslash--an-radicmOslash Hcp Ime-L- hpw Dnem-bn- n-radic

(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

Bi-b-szligƒsdeg-Xnsc IS-partm-I-a-W-ap-nem-bmnotAXnssbquo t]cnnot nbaw Ioslashn-se-Sp-degp-partXpw Bbp-[-sa-Sp-degp-partXpw Ckvem-anssbquo b-a-radic Bi-bsOslash Bi-bw-X-sImnev Xspart-bmWv ]Xn-tcm-[n-tdeg-ne-Xv

(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

Pm-[n-]-Xy-Oslashn-eq-sS-b-radic tXmdegnge Ipg-en-eq-sS-bmWv hnπhw htc-ne-sXpart b-apasymp kn ]n FΩnvPam-A-Oslashnssbquo Pm-[n-]Xy hncp-leX ]d-bmge Fyeniquestl-X-bm-Wp-asympXv ]mte-cn-bnepw IAEligq-cnepw kao-]-Im-eOslashv]miquestacuten S-Oslashnb nb-a-ew-Lw t]mse GsX-paran-ep-sampartv Pam-A-Oslashn-s-degp-dnregv ]d-bmge Ign-bptam

(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

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2010 Pqsse30

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2010 Pqsse 13

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2010 Pqsse14

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2010 Pqsse 15

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2010 Pqsse16

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2010 Pqsse16

2010 Pqsse 17

dndegmge AXnssbquo NmeIiDaggernbmbncppart sF Fkv F-Ωns CradicmXmdegnbmnot hgn Ffpprodamhpsapart IWdegpIq- ennot sF Fkv FΩns ]Xndegqacutennot niquestOslashmge B-tcm]Wszligƒdegmbn Akmamy KthjWambncppartp n-partnprodpImiquest SOslashnbXv sXmacutesXradicmw Ippermilsapartv ]d-trade-t]msebmbncppartp Ahyuml AdegqacuteOslashnnot ][mam-sbm-cp Btcm]Wambncppartp ldividev Kqprodpambn _lsquo-sprod- XvAnotamiquest ldividev Kqprodns sI Fge FΩns XIiquestdegm-pf-asymp sF Fkv FΩnssbquo odegambn hymJymndegsprodacutepsI Fge FΩnv Hcp ldividev Kqprodv Dnembncnsdeg kz-Imcykwc`ambn XpSszlignb Anotamiquest ldividev skradicnssbquoHm- oknp aiquestdegkpplusmnAvhbpsS tjmprodnszligv tImw]vf-Ivknnot apdn notInbXpw i_m_nnot AXnssbquo ]ckyw]-knleoIcnregXpsamsdeg CXnssbquo sXfnhmbn ncOslashnt]cv tIacutemnot kwLSbpsSsXpartv tXmpartnprodndegpI IqSnsNoslashppart yumlnXndegv CsXmsdeg KpcpXcamb AregSdeg ew-LambncppartsX AXv Apartv sF Fkv FΩnssbquo IgpOslashvshacutemsmcpszlignb 2002 BKAtildev 12v XszligfpsS S]SnbpsSImcWszligfmbn _lpamyiquest ]Xszligƒdegv notInbIpdnprodnse Hpartmw ordmdnacute Btcm]WOslashnnot Xspart CXp-nembncppartp

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Apartv Anotamiquest ldividev skradicnv Ine Ippermilszligƒ t]m-epw ]pXnb ]mc KqprodpIfpsS ]ckyszligƒdegnSbnnot npartvF ]nsbbpw Sn]nsbbpw tmdegn ]radicnfndegppartp bphP-kw-LSm Byumlm Hm^okpIƒ ]hiquestOslashndegppartsI nSOslashnse tjmprodnszligv tImwπIvknnot Anotamdnv apdnnotInbXv HutZymKnI ldividev Kqprodnv ]mcbmsb-partm-bncppartp Hcp ymbw hnemkw Inemnot Anotamiquest Hu-tZymKnI kwhn[mamsWpartv BfpIƒ hnNmcnregv t]m-bmtem Cu apSyenge ymbOslashnv Imew adp]Sn notIn-

bXv Hcnotprodw Iqcambn Xspartbmbncppartp Hcp tUmŒ-tdpermilnssbquo adhnnot alOslashmb Ckzvemlo BZiquestiOslashnssbquoIS]pgdegmge tmordmv tmpermilndszligpIbpw kzmiquestinfin Xmnotprod-cy-szligƒdegmbn Xszligƒ BZyw Fradicm hn[ XWnot hncnregv-notInbXv Xncnregv ]mcbmbXnssbquo t]cnnot `npartnprodv t-XrXzOslashnv t]mepw A`naXmbnOslashocpIbpw sNbvXHcp DKhmZn hbmYmkvXnXnIssbquo kzyenw ldividev KqprodvCtprodmƒ tImgntdegmsacute HutZymKnI sIacutenSOslashnnot HutZym-KnI ldividev Kqprodnst]mepw shradicphnfnregv aptpartdpI-bmWvIpSnbnddegmpw hoslash IpSnbncpOslashmpw hoslash Fpart A-hyumlbnnot shasympw IpSndegpIbmWv npartnprodv tXrXzw H-Sphnnot Aszlignssbmcp ldividev Kqprodns RszligfdnbnradicF-partv AtX _nnotUnszlignse apIfnse nebnnot npartpwNne ASdegw ]dregnepIfnnot amXw Bizmkw Isne-Oslashp-part _lpamyiquest

CXbpw sImnev Xoiquestpartnradic s]mradicmprodpIƒ 2002 BKAtildev12mWv `npartnprodpImiquest Ckzvemlo ]yumlmsOslash njv-IcpWw IpOslashnprodnfiquestOslashnbXv AXmbXv F v hiquestjw apge-]v Apartv _lpamyiquest ]Xszligƒdegpw IogvLSIszligƒdegpwnotInb hniZoIcWIpdnprodnnot HpartmaXmbn ]dtradeBtcm]Ww sI Fge FΩnv Hcp ldividev Kqprodpnem-bn-cnsdeg aspermilmcp ldividev Kqprodv ]hiquestOslashnregp FpartXmbncppartp]spound B Btcm]WsOslash IS]pgdegnsdegmnemWv knUn Shdnse tanot ldividev Kqprodnssbquo ]ckyw ]Xncopyv h-iquestjsOslash tkh ]mcordmcyamWv CXv AhImisprodSppartXvAXmbXv kwLS ]nfcppartXnssbquobpw Ggv hiquestjszligƒdegvapge]v Anotamiquest ldividev sknot XpSszligppartXnssbquobpw Bdvh-iquestjszligƒdegv apge]v Cu ldividev Kqprodv ]hiquestOslash-amcw-`nregncppartp AXnssbquo AacOslashv kzyendegmcmbXnmepwItkcbpw JPmhpw kzyenamdegmpasymp PnlmZnssbquo[zPhmlImbXnmepw ApartXv ΩpsS tXmdegfpsSIcnordmacutenIbnepƒsprodacutenradic Fpartv amXw

kwLSm apJ]XOslashnssbquo t]cv notInbXneqsS A-notamiquest ldividev sknot HutZymKnIsapartv tXmpartnprodndegpsa-partv hyXnbm KthjIiquest IsneOslashn ]spound ]nSnregXnt-degmƒ hepXmbncppartp amfOslashnnot ]yumlmOslashnssbquo t]cvXspart notIn Byumlm _nnotUnszlignssbquo hnemkOslashnnotAdnbsprodacutev HutZymKnIsOslashdegmƒ HutZymKnIambnCkzvemlo ldividev Dwd kiquesthokvv npartnprodv tXrXzOslashnssbquoDddegw sISpOslashpIbmWntprodmƒ Anotamiquest ldividev sk-

CMYK

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sI Fge FΩnssbquo GI ldividev KqprodvCu h-cn sImnepw ]tXyI Imcy-an-sradic-partv Ap`hOslashnnot npartpw a- nemdegnb HutZymKnIdegmiquest HcShpIqSn ]bpermiln tmdegn Ctprodmƒ hcppart]ckyszligfnnot sI Fge FΩnssbquoIognepff GI ldividev Kqprodv Fpart h-cndegv Xmsg honepw aspermilmcp hcn AXn-]Imcw sI Fge FΩnp Iognnot a-permilp ldividev KqprodpIfnradic

2010 Pqsse 17

2010 Pqsse18

radicnssbquo ]ckyw i_m_nnot notInbncppartXv KqXcambAregSdegewLambncppartp Apartv ]spound tanot ldividev Kq-prodnssbquo ]ckyw npartnprodpImcnse F ]n Kqprodnssbquo apJ]X-Oslashnepw kdegcnoslash Kqprodnssbquo apJ]XOslashnepw arsquocnregv]-XypoundsprodacutepsImnencndegppartp apPmlnZpIsf ampermilnniquest-Oslashn ]Icw ]XnjvTnreg BƒdegqacuteOslashnssbquo adhnbpw A-lsquoam-b hnt[bXzhpw henb ApKlambn ImWp-I-bmWv npartnprodv tXrXzantprodmƒ

]qiquestAEligambpw CkvemanI coXnbnnot Xspart Ipsd t]iquest-degv IqSn ldividepw Dwdbpw niquest∆lndegmpff HchkcsapartvKpWImwpoundm]cambn ImWppartXnv ]Icw Anotamiquestldividev skradicns alm]m]amdegn AhXcnprodnregv S]Sn-sbSpOslash npartnprodv tXrXzOslashnssbquo XethZ tIhesamcpkamyencOslashnsemXpszlignbnsradicpartXv Anhmcyamb aspermilmcpZpcyenw ]yumlmOslashnssbquo HutZymKnI kwhn[msapartvt]cneqsS Xspart tXmpartnprodndegppart aspermilmcp ldividev KqprodvIqSn `npartnprodp]mfbOslashnnot Psumw sImneXv thsdmcptNcntprodmcnssbquo ^eambncppartp ke v ldividev Kqprodv A-Xnssbquo XeprodtOslashm CΩnWn _ey cnev DkvXmZpamiquest H-partv ISendegscbpw aspermilmpartv ISenndegscbpw `npartnprodvtXrXzOslashnse cnev ]apJiquest AhnsS Xoiquestpartnradic AXmhcppartp Hcp lnZmb ldividev Kqprodv CXnssbquo XeprodOslashpw A-X Nnradicddegmscmpartparadic adegbnse `npartnprodpImcpsS B-yumlm sksbquodnnot Xmaksapartv AXypKge hmKvZmw IqSnnotIn HutZymKnIOslashnssbquo aqiquestplusmnmhnnsacutemcSn notIppartCdegqacuteiquestdegv Kw`oc ]ckyw notInbmWv Pnpartp KqprodpIm-cpsS Imordmbnge t]mAtildeiquest hsc ]pdOslashndszlignbXv nedegvnpartnsradicparannot ]mTw ]Tnprodndegpsapart tXrXztOslashmSpasympIAEligpcpacuteembncppartp CXnssbquo ]npartnsepartXv ]npartmordmpdkwkmcw

ldividev KqprodpIfpsS NmIc `npartnprodp ]mfbOslashnnot A-]kzcszligfpnemdegshbmWv apJ]XOslashnnot ]pXnsbmcpldividev Kqprodnssbquo ]ckyw apPmlnZnssbquoXv XspartbmWv ]-spound sI Fge FΩnssbquoXradic Fpartmbncppartp hnfnregtz-jn-reghiquestdegv Inacutenb adp]Sn Pdnot skIacutednbpsS acpaIgeIqSnbmb bph]finXpw FdWmwIpfsOslash XeapXniquestparttXmhpamWsX CXnssbquo mbIiquest AXymhiywip`]XopoundtbmsSbmWnXnssbquo innotprodnIsfpartv ldividev-Kq-prodnssbquo t]cv Xspart kqN notIppartpnev sNΩm pImcmb

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adeg Ckzvemlo sksbquodnnot Xmakw hsc hmKvZmwsNoslashppart Kq-prodnssbquo innotprodnbmhsacute AtX AUvtlmdegnseaspermilmcw-Kw ]nfiquestprodnssbquo AWnbdbnnot Gsd hnbiquest-sprodm-gpdegnb t-XmdegfmWv apermilp ldividevKqprodpIfpsSbpw Aac-Oslashv BtcmSv ]dbmge Aaiquestjw tXmpartnbntacutem ymbszligƒncOslashn ]-Xntcm[nregntacutem AregSdeg S]SnsbSpOslashntacutemCu Zpch-yumlbnnot npartpw apJw cpoundndegmge Ignbnsradicpartvt-XrXzw Xncnregdnbppartpnev B XncnregdnhmWv kamyen-cdegmcpsS Duiquestdividehpw XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv ]n-partnnot ]hiquest-Oslashnreg AhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart ]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmge t]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXv kzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmw NnradicpIqacutenemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

NpcpdegOslashnnot Ckzvemlo tXmdegfpsSbpw ]hiquestOslash-I-cpsSbpsamsdeg klIcWtOslashmsSbpw ]paramfnOslashtOslashm-sSbpw Sdegppart sumIsf kwLSm kmtparaXnIXzszlig-fpsS t]cnepw kzmiquestinfin Xmnot]cyszligƒdegmbpw XpcparawshdegpIbpw KpcpXcamb ]XnklsquonIƒdegnSbmdegppartA]Iz odegszligfntedegv bndegpIbpw sNbvXhiquestdegv C-szligns ]eXpw tcntSnen hcpw Hcp apPmlnZv ]-finXgeGsXparanepw ldividev Kqprodnssbquo mbIcm-hp-partXnnot sumImWmge XoslashmdmhmOslashhiquest AXnssbquo t]cnnot alOslashm-sbmcp ]yumlmOslashnnot hnasympepnemdegnbhiquest AtXhnjbOslashnnot XethZbp`hndegppartXv sImnev amX-amWv ]cmarbdquo ldividev KqprodpIƒ ChnsS hnjbamhppartXv`npartnprodv tXrXzOslashnssbquo CcacuteOslashmprodpw Im]Syhpw XpdpartvImWndegppart qdp IWdegnv XncnregSnIfnnot ldividev Kqprodpwkzm`mhnIambpw Dƒsprodsacutepartv amXw _lpamsprodacute F]o Aszligv Cnsbparanepw ]dbpI kwLSm ]nfiquestprodnmbnnszligƒ Apartv Dpartbnreg Hmtcm Imcyszligfpw Hcndegnot IqSnkaqlOslashnv appartnnot AhXcnprodndegmge nszligƒdegmhptamAsradicparannot CddegpaXn BZiquestidegmcpsS KqUmtemN-bnepw oNIrXyszligfnepw ]paramfnbmbXnssbquo t]cnnot HcpXncpsOslashparanepw Xmparafnnot npartv ]Xopoundndegmtam BZ-iquesti]cambpw kwLSm]cambpw HmtcmcpOslashcpw XndegvtXmpartnb t]mse hnfbmSppart Hcp IpfOslashnssbquo Imhnot-Itkctbdegmƒ Aeparamchpw AwKoImchpw AXnmbn-cndegpsapartv addegmXncndegpI

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2010 Pqsse 19

iniquestdegv alm-]m-]-am-sWpartpw hradic-hpw iniquestdegv sN-bvXmnot Ahge Atszlig-bpermilw hgn-]n-g-regp-t]mbhm-sWpartpwhm-tem-I-Oslashp-npartv Xmtgm- p-ho-W-h-s-tprodm-se-bm-sWpartpwhniple Jpiquest-Bge ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Fpartmnot Rszligƒ iniquest-degv sNoslashp-partn-sradic-partmWv Ahiquest hmZn-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Jpiquest-Bge iniquestdegm-sWpartv hyDagger-am-degnb Imcy-szligƒJpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kp-I-fp-sSbpw shfn-reg-Oslashnnot apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaiquestYn-degp-tordmmƒ Rszlig-fpsS t]cnnot iniquestdegm-tcm-]Ww S-Oslashp-I-bmWv nszlig-sfpartv ka-kvX(-Im-yen-]pcw -C sI hn`m-K-szligƒ) kwyumlm kppartnbpw apermilpkppartn-hn- m--K-szligfpw ]N-fi-amb ]Nm-cWw S-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partp

GsX-paranepw hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegv Btcm-]n-degp-part-Xp-sImnev apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒdegv ]tXy-Inregv Hcp tacutehpw e`n-degm-n-radic Fpartmnot iniquestdegv GXv cq]-Oslashnnot Fhn-sS-npartvIS-partp-h-partmepw AXv iniquestdegm-sWpartv Xpd-partp-]-d-bm-pasympBiquestPhw apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ImWn-degm-dp-nev

iniquestdegnssbquo niquesth-Nw ]mam-Wn-I-K-Ÿ-szlig-fnepwka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnepw

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iniquestdegv sNoslashpI Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegvBcm-[--biquestprodn-degemWv bYmiquestY-Oslashnnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hge Bcm-[n-deg-sprod-Smge ]permilp-I-bn-radic (X vkodpnot I_oiquesthC-ZvJme epJvamge Fpart Bb-Oslashnssbquo hni-Zo-I-c-Ww)

temI apkvenw-Iƒ AwKo-I-cn-degppart KŸ-szlig-fnse C_m-d-Oslashp-I-fmWv apI-fnnot Dle-cn-reg-Xv Fpartmnot Xszligƒ sNoslashppart iniquestdegn-s- -iniquestdeg-sradicpartv ]dtradev ymbo-I-cn-degppartka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopound-W-szligƒ IqSn ImWp-I

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Bcm-[--degiquestl-mbn Aradicm-lpsh-tprodmse apermilp ]eXpwDsne-partpasymp hnizm-kw CXn-mWv iniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sp-partXv (Ciquestim-Zpnot C_m-Zv- -a-e-bmf ]cn- mj t]Pv 29 FwFw Cordmn-regn-tdegmb apkveymiquest)

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Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

Pemnot atcopycn

icn-bm-Wv Ckz-vemlv amkn-I-bnnotFgp-Xp-partXv ImWpI ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pn-partp-I-sfbpw apermilm-scbpw hnfn-regp-tX-Smge ]mSn-sradicpartpw ]miquestY--degp-Oslashcw evImge A-hiquest-degv Ign-bn-sradicpartpw Jpiquest-Bge sΩ ]Tn-prodn-degppartp (C-kz-vemlv amkn-I 2006 Unwk-_iquest adtradeamiquestKhpw kpradic-an-bpsS hnh-c-tdeg-Spw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemln t]Pv 6) ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhn-fnregp tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Cu tUmIvSiquest ChnsSFgp-Xp-partp Cu hnUvVnOslashw i_m-_nnot ]nSn-Iq-Sn-b-tprodmƒPnpartpw knlvdpw aS-hq-cn-I-fpsS Zpjv]-Nm-c-Whpw Fpartt]-cnnot Ctplusmnlw Xspart ]kn-leo-I-cnreg ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot-hn-fnregp tXSmge ]mSn-sradic-partpw ]dtrade mKw shacuten-am-permiln-bmWvF-gp-Xp-part-Xv

AXnssbquo ]qiquestW-cq]w ImWpI apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ Fhn-sS-bmWv Pnpartns hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-tradeXv Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw ]d-trade-Xmbn Cu Iasymp-hm-Zn-Iƒdegv sXfn-bn-degmge km[n-degptam adnregv Aradicm-lp-h-radicmOslash bmsXm-partn-tmSpw AXv Pnpartm-I-sacute hen-oslashm-Isacute ae-degm-Isacute hnfnregv]miquestYn-degp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSpasympq FpartmWv apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaq-lsOslash ]-Tnprodnregp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv aS-hq-cn-I-tf BSns ]acuten-bm-degppart nszlig-fpsS Cu hrOslashn-sIacute Xyenw hn kn Ipacuten-I-fp-sS ASpOslashp aXn apPm-ln-Zp-IƒdegnS-bnnot AXv sNe-hm-Inradic (Pnpartpw knlvdpw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemlnt]Pv 23) ]acutensb BSm-degp-hmge thnen ae-degp-IsfbpwPn-partp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Ckz-vem-lnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv Aacuten-a-dnregv Ah-X-cn-prodn-degp-I-bmWv tUm-IvSiquest Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot sNoslashp-part-Xv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degnot iniquestdegm-sWpartpw Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvamXta ]miquestYn-degp-hmge ]mSp-asympp-shpartpw kppartn-I-fnnot s]acutehen-sbmcp hn`mKw apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp-nev

CXp ]d-bp-hmge apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS ]asympn-Ifpw yumlm]--szligfpw kzOslashpw ssIh-i-sprod-SpOslashn ke^n thjw [cnregvS-degppart h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsS Bh-iy-an-radic ac-W-sprod--h-sc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip-vdp-am-Wv CXp-t]mse Xspart ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sf-

bpw hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip vdp-am-Wv CXp Xspart-bm-bn-cppartp apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHpartmw XnbXn sXmacutepasymp apJy ]t_m-[ hnj-bw ]asympn-bpw yumlm]--szligfpw Ahiquest niquestan-regXv CXv ]d-bp-hm-m-Wv ae-degp-I-fpsSbpw Pnpartp-I-fpsSbpw Ign-hnpartv Aprodp-d-apasympXv tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-iquest ]d-bp-partp ae-degnssbquobpw Pnpartp-I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hnssbquo]cn-[n-Iƒ nrsaquo-bn-degp-hmge apdegv km[y-a-sradicpartpw ChiquestXspart ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Ch-cpsS Cu ASnyumlm XXz-]-

Im-chpw ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp iniquestdegn-sbpwIp vdn-sbpw ]nSn-IqSn Xulo-Zm-degp-hmgeian-degp-part-hiquestdegv Hcp-Xcw AlsquoX _m[n-regn-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Chiquest FyenmWv ]d-bp-Ibpw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNoslashp-part-sXpartvChiquestdegpXspart Adn-bp-partn-radic

CkvXn-Km-kbpwaX-]-fin-X-summcpw

]qiquesthn-I-cmb andeg aX-]-fin-X-summcpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregv klmbwtXSn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv ka-kvX-bnse

apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp kXym-hkvY hnh-cn-degmtam

A_vZpnotI-cow sImregn

hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

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hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

samgnregp ]d-bpI B hmN-I-hpw AXn-XmWv euemdegeuemdeg eam Je-IvOslashpnot A vemdegv AiquestYw ]hm-N-I-tc Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Cu ]]-copy-sOslash-Oslashspart krjvSndegp-am-bn-cp-partn-sradic-partv Aradicmlp _n(-k)tbmSv ]]copy aJn-ehpwkrjvSnregXnssbquo nanOslashw ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n Dnem-b-Xp-sIm-nem-sW-partv CXnepw hen-sbmcp pWbpw Bpermilw-t_mw-_p-aptnem _n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXm AtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregp tmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmw Bkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-IpartvIgn-trade-Xp-an-radic Fpartnacutepw aZvlpIƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bppart NpW-degp- -summiquest COslashcw euemdeg euemdeg Dd-sdeg-bp-dsdeg]mSn-prod-d-bp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp hmdegp-Iƒ sImnev AΩm--am-Sppart hlm-_n-I-fpsS t]Sn-kz-]v-szligƒ hnfn-regp-Iq-hppartCu euemdegbpsS nP-yumlnXnsbsyenpartv Ahiquest Kun-degp-partn-radic auenZv XS-cppartp ^ hpenZ _n hPvlnnotAJvPe Ja-dmge h^iquest JZm Aem lph-radicZo Xh- e_nln-B-Zw h vX-Jd _n Iunlo Jmen-Zge hkvX-Kmk _nlo qlpge ^Pm annot dZm hIm-^okzpnot_n C_vdmlow Asseln emw lo Dnotdegnb^npartm-cn BZ hkmd elv_p^m apJva-Zm AsXAszligs Atplusmnlw ]qiquestW Nmicro-sbpw [ph-]-tZ-iOslashvDbiquestpartp nevdegppart pound-X-sOslashbpw mWn-prodn-degppart apJ-hp-ambn ChnsS ]nd-partp Adn-bp-I Atplusmn-lsOslashsdegmnevBZw Xh- pnot sNoslashp-Ibpw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]nXm-hm-ImgeIgn-trade-Xnnot A`n-amw sImasympp-Ibpw sNbvXp IqSmsXqlv(-A) Atplusmn-l-sOslash-sdegmnev CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashn-b-Xn-m-emWv alm hn]-Oslashnnot npartv (]-f-b-Oslashnnot npartv) cpound-sprod- -Xv Xspart-bp-a-radic Atplusmnlw C_vdmlow(A)-bpsS apXp-Innot Dnem-bn-cp-part-Xn-m-emWv AmiddotnIpfimcw XWpOslashvsI -Sszlign cpound-sprod- -Xv lm Fyenm-Wn-hiquest ]d-bp-part-sXpartvAh-c-dn-bp-partn-radic tNmdpw ssIa-Sdegpw In n-bmnot GXv hymP-hm-tdm-e-Ifpw Cu XmPpnot De-am-degƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bpw

(Xp-S-cpw)

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

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(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

iwkp-plusmnoge ]me-tdegmSv

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auZq-Zn-bpsS Imcy-Oslashn-em-sW-paranepw Pm-[n-]-Xy-Oslashnssbquo Imcy-Oslashn-em-sW-paranepw aX-cm-jvS-Oslashnssbquo hnj-b-Oslashn-em-sW-paranepw

G n-ep-asympXpw ]tbm-K-Oslashn-ep-asympXpw Asradic-parannot ]d-bp-partXpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-partXpw ]c-

kv]c hncp-le-am-Ippart Ap- hw Pam-AOslashv ]miquest n-bpsS Pn-XI LS--bpsS

`mK-ambn amdp-I-bm-Wv

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse14

apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse ]nfiquestprodnssbquo ]rsaquom-Oslash-e-Oslashnnot ]apJ ]fin-Xge A_vZp emwkpradic-ansb njvI-cpWw hnaiquestin-degp-part-h-tcmSv thZ-n-degppart a-t m-sSbpwKpW-Imw-pound-tbm-sSbpw Nne Imcy-szligƒ Ipdn-degp-I-bm-Wv

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apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnse Bi-bm-Ziquesti ASn-Oslash-d-bp-ambn _lsquo-sprod v Hacutep-andeg ]pkvX-I-szligfpw Fgp-Xn-bXvkemw-kp-radic-an-bmWv (kp-partn-I-fpsS kXy-[m-c-bnnot Aordm-e-deg-Shv laoZv ss^kn Cu Imcyw Fgp-Xp-partp-nev)

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sI Fge Fw tcn v S-Oslashppart FS-hAElig Pman-Abnnot Kh sslkvIqƒ tPmen cmPn-shregv cnev ]Xn-permilm-nen-tesd Imew Xpmdash-amb iordm-f-Oslashnv tPmen sNbvX kemwkpradic-andegv Apartn-radicmOslash hradic ]pXnb hmZhpw ]nparto-Sp-nem-bn- ptnem (A-tplusmn-lsOslash Ahn-sS-npartpw Bcpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bn- n-radic Fpart Imcyw ]tXyIw a- n-em-tdeg-ne-Xn-tradic)

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lm-b-Xns Zpiquest_-e-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-bn- p-tnem lZokv kzoI-cn-degm-pasymp am-Z-fi-szlig-fnnot Jpiquest-B-

npartv hncp-le-am-b-h sXfntrade _plendegv GXn-cm-b-h Ncn-X-k-Xy-Oslashnv FXn-cm-b-h sNdnb ]hiquestOslashndegv henbIqen hmKvZmw sNoslashp-part-h sNdnb sXpermilnv henb IppermilwXmdegoXv evIp-part-Xp-amb lZo-kp-Iƒ Akzo-Im-cy-am-b-h-bnnot s]Sp-Oslash-W-sapartv hmZn-regXv kemw kpradic-an-bmtWm

Cu n_-lsquo--I-sfmsdeg Dkp-eqnot lZo-knssbquo]fin-X-summiquest nrsaquo-bn-reg-Xtradic

AXp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute ]pkvX-I-szligƒ Cd-degn-bXv apgp-hpw apPm-lnZv sksbquo-dnnot

kwL-S ]nf-cp-part-Xnv apordmpasymp Cu am-Z-fi-szlig-ƒ Ctprodmgmsc-paranepw kzoIm-cy-a-sradicpartv hmZn-degp-partptnem

Cu n_-lsquo--Iƒ Dnem-degn-bXv kemw kpradic-an-bm-tWm

kemw kpradic-an-bpsS hniple Jpiquest-Bge hmJymwmev hmfy-szlig-fmbn ]pd-Oslashn-d-szlign-bn v hiquestj-szlig-fmbn (Agehm-dpnot Jpiquest-B-ge) CXnnot GsX-paranepw Bb-Oslashnv apgeIme]fin-X-summiquest GI-I-WvT-ambn yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashnb Hcp ImcysOslash ncm-I-cn-regXpw Zpiquesthym-Jymw S-Oslashn-bXpw Bsc-paranepw Nqnen-degm-Wn-regn- ptnem

Hcp lZokv KŸw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashn-b-tprodmƒ AXnse apgp-hge lZo-kp-Ifpw ]cn- m-j-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-Ibpw hnaiquesti--hn-t[-b-am-bh Nqnen-degm-Wn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-I-b-radicmsXkzyenw ne-bnnot Atplusmnlw GXv lZo-kmWv Xasympn-deg-f-tradeXv

HmiquestdegpI Ch-sbmsdeg ]pd-Oslashn-d-szlign-bXv kwL-Sm]iv-Oslashnv apordmm-bn-cp-partp Aspartmpartpw kpradic-an-bpsStNmcdegv thnen Bcpw InX-bvdegp-partp-nem-bn-cp-partnradic

kwL-S ]nf-cp-part-Xnv apordmpw kemw-kp-radican sIFge FΩnssbquo Xvhm t_miquestUnnot AwK-am-bn-cp-partntradicApartn-radicm-Oslash-sX-yenmWv Cpartv kemw kpradic-an-bn-ep-asympXv

]e hnjbszlig-fnepw temI ]i-kvXcpw njvIma Iiquestan-I-fp-amb ]fin-X-summiquest GIm- n-]m-b-degm-cradic Ah-c-hcva n-em-degnb ]Tw SOslashn ]cn-tim-[nregv tcJ-sprod-Sp-OslashnbImcy-szligƒ ]eXpw hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cp-partp AXnssbquo t]cnnotAhsc mw Fsyenm-sdeg-prod-d-b-Ww

]Xn-sm-partnnot IqSp-Xnot Xdm-holv a-kvI-cn-degp-partXv_nZv-A-Oslashm-sWpartv ]dtrade Anot_m-nbpw (tI-c-f-OslashnseHtcsbmcp kemw kpradic-an-bpw) cmXn a-kvIm-c-Oslashnv FAEligw nrsaquo-bn-regn- n-sradicpartpw FXbpw Bhmw Fpartpw ]dtradeC_vp-_mkpw Dssk-aopw sI Fw aue-hnbpw Fradicm-hcpw AXn-am-y-summcpw ]c-kv]cw BZ-cthmsS amXw kwkm-cn-degp-part-hcpw Bbn-cp-partp

Jpdm- n-Iƒ Dpart-bn-degppart ]e lZo-kp-Ifpw XssbquoImgvN-prodm-Snnot knnotkne kzlo-l-bnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-OslashnbAnot_m-nsb mw Fyenv sNoslash-Ww

kvXo apJw ad-bvdegWw Fpartv ]dtrade C_vp_mkns mw Fyenv hnfn-deg-Ww

kp_-lndegv JqqOslashv HmXp-partXnv mw hntcm-[-sampartpw ImWp-partn-radic Fspart-gp-Xnb sI Daiquest aue-hnsbmw Fszligs ImWWw

CA-vXn-Zm-ennot ssI scopynnot shdeg-W-sapartv XvhevIppart kpDu-Zn-bnse ke^n ]fin-X-summcpw AXv_nZvOslashm-sW-part-gp-Xnb Anot_m-nbpw temtIm-Oslashc ]fin-X-summ-csradic

Cszligs FX-sbX hnj-b-szligƒ Aev]w amXw lZokv kzoI-cn-regv apgp-hge Imcy-szlig

fpw Jpiquest-B-nssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot aX-n-baw Ioslashm-fnbaZvl-_nssbquo Camw A_q-l-o- sb Bsc-paranepw tXtPm-

i_oiquest FS-degpfwkpradic-ansbISn-regp-Io-dp-part-h-tcmSv

2010 Pqsse 15

h[w sNbvXpthm mb-bpsS Xe H-gn-hm-degn-bmnot _mdegnP sradicpartv ]d-tradeXv kemw-kp-radic-an-b-radictradicm Camw amen-degsradic Fpartnacutepw B ]fin-Xsc mw BZ-cn-degp-partp

Cszligs nc-h-[nkemw-kp-radican kwL-Sm ]iv-Oslashnnot Bcp-a-radicm--bn-cp-

partp AXp-sImnev Xspart Atplusmn-lsOslash Xszlig-fpsS tNcn-bn-tedegv poundWn-degmge t]mbXv Cpartv Atplusmn-lsOslash tAtildePnnotshregv sXmen-s]m-fn-degppart kI-cn-oslashbpw A_vZpiquestd-lvamgeke- nbpw Ccn-th-permiln-bp-sam-sdeg-bm-bn-cp-partp

kzyenw tPmen cmPn-shregv Ckz-vemlo ]yumlm--OslashnvPohnXw kaiquestprodnreg BtcmSpw Hcp bm-ss]-kdegpw uXnIem -Oslashnpw Hpartpw sNoslashm-Oslash Cpartv Xspart ]pe`yw ]d-bp-part-hiquestdegv t]mepw cmXn hfsc sshIn hsc Ccppartvtm v Xoslashm-dmdegn sImSpOslash ]ecpw kwL-S-sb ]nfiquestOslashnsImgpOslashv XSnregv ˛ henb cay liquestay-szlig-fnnot hni-anregvkwL-S--bnnot IpOslashn-Oslashn-cnprodv S-Oslashp-tordmmgpw sNdnb HcpHmSnacute hoacutennot Htck-abw Hcp-]mSv Imcy-szligƒ C-kz-vemlo]yumlm--Oslashnv thnen sNbv-Xp-sIm-nen-cn-degppart kemwkpradican Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Fyenv hogvN-Iƒ hpartn- p-sne-paran-ep-aXv KpWImwpoundtbmsS Nqnen-degm-Wn-degp-part-Xnp ]Icwkpradic-ansb Hpermil-sprod-SpOslashn ISnregp IpS-bp-part-hiquest Hmiquestdegp-I˛

F ]ntbm Sn ]ntbm ]metOslashm Cszligs Hcm-tcm-]-WhpwAtplusmn-l-sOslash-prodpermiln ]d-bp-partnradic Fpart-Xv Hcp Imcyw IqSnBiquestdegpw Jpiquest-Btm lZotkm ]Tnregv ]fin-X-summ-cmhmwAXradic kemw kpradic-ansb Nhnacuten saXn-regn v Xspart-bm-h-W-sa-parannot Aszlig-s-bp-am-hmw kemw kpradic-an-sb BtKmflZokv ]fin-Xge Ifn-bm-degnot S-Oslashn-bmte a-spermilmcp]fin-X-mhq FpartmsWparannot AXp-am-hmw

Ah-km--ambn Hcp hmdegv IqSnΩ-sfmsdeg ]d-bppart Cu ]c-tem-I-ap-ne-tradicm AXpasymp-

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apermilv apkvenw-Iƒ Xssbquo mhnnot npartpw ssIbnnot npartpwcpound-sprod-Sp-tordmm-gmWv Hcmƒ bYmiquestY apkven-am-Ip-part-Xv

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]-S-reg-ht Rszlig-fpsS a- nnot hnizm-kn-I-tfmSv]Ibpw hntZz-jhpw D-nem-deg-cptX (B-aoge)

Akokv aue-ho amprodv

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ap-kvenw ssaXnsb]permilnbpw apkvenw-Iƒdegv ]asympn niquestanregpevInb tImhn-e-IsOslash ]permilnbpw Atplusmnlw hni-Zo-I-cn-regptpoundX-Oslashnnot DS-bvdegmge Xmge tXszlig evIn-bn- n-sradicpartpw]ncn-hnp hpart-h-cpsS Iq -Oslashn-ep-nem-bn-cppart Xssbquo hoacutensetXszlighen-degm-c-tmSv cnev aqpartv tXszlig kw`m-h--bmbnFSptOslashm Fpartv ]d-traden-cp-spartpartpw Atplusmnlw hyDagger-amdegn

AXm-hsacute apPm-lnZv ]nfiquestprodnp apordmm-sWpartpw (A-Xm-bXv sI Fge FΩnssbquo ]kn-Usbquom-hp-part-Xnpw hiquestj-szligƒdegv apordmv) hni-Zo-I-cn-deg-sprod- p ]spound sum a- nnotC-Oslashncnt]mepw A-h-ti-jn-degmOslash F ]n hn`mKw CXvtI- -Xmbn Sn-regn-radic Ahiquest Akokv aue-hnsb apivcn-degm-degn Atplusmnlw acn-regnacutept]mepw Cu Im]m-en-Iiquest Atplusmn-lsOslash shdpsX hnacuten-radic Ctprodmgpw DpartX tXm-degƒ hscanordm-dp-I-fnnott]mepw Cu Btcm-]Ww Dpart-bn-degmpw ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSp ImWn-tdegne kmamy acymZ t]mepw ]men-degmsX aue-hnsb Btpound-]n-degmpw Ah-k-c-ap-nem-degp-partp Akokv aue-hn--bpsS IpSpw--_Oslashnssbquo IAEligoiquestt]mepwAhiquest hI-sh-regn-radic (au-e-hn-bpsS t]cn-epasymp kvamcIAhmiquestUv hmszligmge RΩssbquo henb samradic-amiquest Dfp-prodn-radicm-sX sNpartXv ap-degn-Xn-tmSv tNiquestOslashv hmbn-degmw)

GXm-bmepw ]S-reg-hge hen-b-h-m-W-tradicm F ]n hn`m-K-Oslashnssbquo Im]Syw Ahge CXm ]pdOslashv sImnep-h-partn-cn-

Iptraden-tdegmb amAtildeiquest sIm -prodpdw

degp-partp Cdegq- -cpsS _lp-amy ]kn-Usbquop Xspart ae-_m-dnse ]knle tpoundtXm-rsquo-h-Oslashnv AXym-hiyw h-enb (tX-szlig-sb-degm-fpw) kw`m-h evIn tpoundX-Oslashnssbquo-Dagger-P--szlig-fpsS enAtildennot Ib-dn-degq-Sn-bn-cn-degp-partp IS-epnen

Aoslash-prodge hnf-degp-rsquo-h-Oslashnssbquo dntprodmiquestacutep_p-degnnot 44- mw -ordmiquest `Daggerge Sn ]n A_vZp-radic-tdegmb aZ-n-bmWv hfsc ]gsbmcp kw`hw ZpiquesthymJymw sNbvXv ]N-cn-prodn-regv ]pXnbkw -h-am-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cn-prodn-degmge Aordm-e-Oslashnnot tXszlig-bp-Sreg ]kn-Usbquo v Fpartv ]kw-K-szlig-fnepw ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnepw Akokv aue-hnsb Icn-hm-cn-tOslashregv tLmjnregvS-degmge Ipacuten]mkw-Kn-Isc Ib-dqcn hnacute ]kn-Usbquo v X-spart CXm AWn-Iƒ-sdegmcp DKge tImfv evIn-bn-cn-degp-partp AWn-Iƒdegv kam-[m-n-degmw Cu hgnsb Xspart A-Wn-sbm-prodnregv oszligmw ]c-tem-IOslashv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo appartnnotCsXradicmw Gspermil-Sp-degmge Atszlig-cp-nem-hp-atradicm Akokvaue-hnsb acn-regn- pw shdpsX hnSmOslash auem--amiquest CXn-s Ipdn-sregyenv ]d-bppartp Fpart-dn-bmge shdpsX Hcp tam-lw _lp-h-microy-mb F hnbpsS t]cnnot Iasymp-tdegkv ev-In ac-W-sprod- nacutepw Atplusmn-lsOslash AXnnot Hpartmw ]Xn-bmdegnIasympkXyw sNbvX P-dnot skI- -dn-bpsS Ap-bm-bn-I-fnnotnpartpw Acurrenp-X-szlig-sfmpartpw ]Xo-poundn-degge hI-bn-radictradicm

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2010 Pqsse16

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2010 Pqsse16

2010 Pqsse 17

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2010 Pqsse 17

2010 Pqsse18

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Ctprodmƒ kzyendegmcmbtprodmƒ kzImcy ldividev KqprodpI-fpw ldividev Kqprodnssbquo SOslashnprodpImcpsS kwLSm _lsquo-hpw t]cnse kwLSm kmayXbpw HutZymKnI ]knleo-IcWszligfnse ]ckyszligfpw Fradicmw lemembXv GXv a-gelPnssbquo ASnyumlmOslashnemsWpartv kaqltOslashmSv hn-iZoIcndegmge `npartnprodpImiquest _m[yyumlcmWv Anotamiquestldividev skradicns alm]m]amdegn AhXcnprodnregv sF FkvFΩns ]ncnregv hn v kzbw Ahtcm[nXcmb AUvtlm-degnssbquo sshkv ]knUsbquomWv ]Xncopyv hiquestjsOslash ]mcordm-cyw AhImisprodSppart kamyenc Kqprodnssbquo mbIge

adeg Ckzvemlo sksbquodnnot Xmakw hsc hmKvZmwsNoslashppart Kq-prodnssbquo innotprodnbmhsacute AtX AUvtlmdegnseaspermilmcw-Kw ]nfiquestprodnssbquo AWnbdbnnot Gsd hnbiquest-sprodm-gpdegnb t-XmdegfmWv apermilp ldividevKqprodpIfpsSbpw Aac-Oslashv BtcmSv ]dbmge Aaiquestjw tXmpartnbntacutem ymbszligƒncOslashn ]-Xntcm[nregntacutem AregSdeg S]SnsbSpOslashntacutemCu Zpch-yumlbnnot npartpw apJw cpoundndegmge Ignbnsradicpartvt-XrXzw Xncnregdnbppartpnev B XncnregdnhmWv kamyen-cdegmcpsS Duiquestdividehpw XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv ]n-partnnot ]hiquest-Oslashnreg AhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart ]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmge t]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXv kzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmw NnradicpIqacutenemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

NpcpdegOslashnnot Ckzvemlo tXmdegfpsSbpw ]hiquestOslash-I-cpsSbpsamsdeg klIcWtOslashmsSbpw ]paramfnOslashtOslashm-sSbpw Sdegppart sumIsf kwLSm kmtparaXnIXzszlig-fpsS t]cnepw kzmiquestinfin Xmnot]cyszligƒdegmbpw XpcparawshdegpIbpw KpcpXcamb ]XnklsquonIƒdegnSbmdegppartA]Iz odegszligfntedegv bndegpIbpw sNbvXhiquestdegv C-szligns ]eXpw tcntSnen hcpw Hcp apPmlnZv ]-finXgeGsXparanepw ldividev Kqprodnssbquo mbIcm-hp-partXnnot sumImWmge XoslashmdmhmOslashhiquest AXnssbquo t]cnnot alOslashm-sbmcp ]yumlmOslashnnot hnasympepnemdegnbhiquest AtXhnjbOslashnnot XethZbp`hndegppartXv sImnev amX-amWv ]cmarbdquo ldividev KqprodpIƒ ChnsS hnjbamhppartXv`npartnprodv tXrXzOslashnssbquo CcacuteOslashmprodpw Im]Syhpw XpdpartvImWndegppart qdp IWdegnv XncnregSnIfnnot ldividev Kqprodpwkzm`mhnIambpw Dƒsprodsacutepartv amXw _lpamsprodacute F]o Aszligv Cnsbparanepw ]dbpI kwLSm ]nfiquestprodnmbnnszligƒ Apartv Dpartbnreg Hmtcm Imcyszligfpw Hcndegnot IqSnkaqlOslashnv appartnnot AhXcnprodndegmge nszligƒdegmhptamAsradicparannot CddegpaXn BZiquestidegmcpsS KqUmtemN-bnepw oNIrXyszligfnepw ]paramfnbmbXnssbquo t]cnnot HcpXncpsOslashparanepw Xmparafnnot npartv ]Xopoundndegmtam BZ-iquesti]cambpw kwLSm]cambpw HmtcmcpOslashcpw XndegvtXmpartnb t]mse hnfbmSppart Hcp IpfOslashnssbquo Imhnot-Itkctbdegmƒ Aeparamchpw AwKoImchpw AXnmbn-cndegpsapartv addegmXncndegpI

XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv]n-partnnot ]hiquest-OslashnregAhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmget]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXvkzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmwNnradicpIq nemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

2010 Pqsse 19

iniquestdegv alm-]m-]-am-sWpartpw hradic-hpw iniquestdegv sN-bvXmnot Ahge Atszlig-bpermilw hgn-]n-g-regp-t]mbhm-sWpartpwhm-tem-I-Oslashp-npartv Xmtgm- p-ho-W-h-s-tprodm-se-bm-sWpartpwhniple Jpiquest-Bge ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Fpartmnot Rszligƒ iniquest-degv sNoslashp-partn-sradic-partmWv Ahiquest hmZn-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Jpiquest-Bge iniquestdegm-sWpartv hyDagger-am-degnb Imcy-szligƒJpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kp-I-fp-sSbpw shfn-reg-Oslashnnot apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaiquestYn-degp-tordmmƒ Rszlig-fpsS t]cnnot iniquestdegm-tcm-]Ww S-Oslashp-I-bmWv nszlig-sfpartv ka-kvX(-Im-yen-]pcw -C sI hn`m-K-szligƒ) kwyumlm kppartnbpw apermilpkppartn-hn- m--K-szligfpw ]N-fi-amb ]Nm-cWw S-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partp

GsX-paranepw hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegv Btcm-]n-degp-part-Xp-sImnev apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒdegv ]tXy-Inregv Hcp tacutehpw e`n-degm-n-radic Fpartmnot iniquestdegv GXv cq]-Oslashnnot Fhn-sS-npartvIS-partp-h-partmepw AXv iniquestdegm-sWpartv Xpd-partp-]-d-bm-pasympBiquestPhw apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ImWn-degm-dp-nev

iniquestdegnssbquo niquesth-Nw ]mam-Wn-I-K-Ÿ-szlig-fnepwka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnepw

Dpart-X-mb Aradicm-lp-hnv ]parap-Im-cs yumlm]n-degp-part-Xn-mWv iniquestsdegpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnnot Cpart hyDaggern]parap-tNiquestOslashp-shpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sm-dp-nev AXv Gpermilhpw henbAhn-izm-k-amWv (Anot ap vcZmOslashv t]Pv 259)

hnK-l-szligsf Bcm-[n-degnot amX-aradic iniquestdegv Fpartmnot]Xm-]-im-en-bmb nssbquo cpoundn-Xm-hnssbquo IqsS Ahge Hgn-sI-bp-asymp-Xns o sXc-strade-Sp-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (^p-Xq-lpnot ssKz_v aJme 7)

iniquestdegv sNoslashpI Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegvBcm-[--biquestprodn-degemWv bYmiquestY-Oslashnnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hge Bcm-[n-deg-sprod-Smge ]permilp-I-bn-radic (X vkodpnot I_oiquesthC-ZvJme epJvamge Fpart Bb-Oslashnssbquo hni-Zo-I-c-Ww)

temI apkvenw-Iƒ AwKo-I-cn-degppart KŸ-szlig-fnse C_m-d-Oslashp-I-fmWv apI-fnnot Dle-cn-reg-Xv Fpartmnot Xszligƒ sNoslashppart iniquestdegn-s- -iniquestdeg-sradicpartv ]dtradev ymbo-I-cn-degppartka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopound-W-szligƒ IqSn ImWp-I

Hcp hyDaggern Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degp-tordmmƒ amXtainiquestdegv hcp-partp-asympq Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv kzbw Ign-hp-snepartv hniz-kn-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (sIm- -prodpdw kwhmZw166 H Fw Xcp-h-W)

Bcm-[--degiquestl-mbn Aradicm-lpsh-tprodmse apermilp ]eXpwDsne-partpasymp hnizm-kw CXn-mWv iniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sp-partXv (Ciquestim-Zpnot C_m-Zv- -a-e-bmf ]cn- mj t]Pv 29 FwFw Cordmn-regn-tdegmb apkveymiquest)

tmdegp-I ka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopoundWOslashnnot HcphyDaggern acn-regmepw Csradic-paranepw Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-knregv

F A_vZpnotAkokv aZn

iniquestdegvBtcm-]-Wtam bmYmiquestYytam

Atplusmn-l-tOslashmSv ]miquestYn-regmte iniquestdegv hcn-I-bp-asympq A]-Imcw Xspart kzbw Ignhv B hnfn-deg-sprod-Sppart BƒdegvDsnepartv hniz-kn-regmte iniquestdegm-hp-I-bp-asympq FX hnNn-X-amb Hcp hopound-W-am-WnXv Jpiquest-Bpw ap - n-dp-Ifpw]hm-N-Ige(k)-bpsS lZo-kp-Ifpw Cu hmZsOslash Jfin-degp-partp o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa nszligƒ hnfnregv]m-iquest-Yn-degppart nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Isfprodpermiln nszligƒ Nnyennregvtmdegp-I Cu qan-bnnot Fyenm-W-hiquest krjvSn-regn- p-asymp-sXpartvnszligƒ Fndegv ImWn-regp-X-cn-I AX-radic BIm-i-szlig-fnnotAhiquestdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem AX-radic mw Ahiquestdegv hradic-K-Ÿhpw notIn-bn v AXnnot npartpasymp sXfn-h-p-k-cn-regmtWmAhiquest ne-sIm-asympp-partXv Fpartmnot AI-a-Im-cn-IƒAtymyw hmKvZmw sNoslashp-partXv hcopy--am-X-am-Ip-partp(^m-Xzniquest 40)

Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

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ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

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CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

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IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

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1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

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4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

d_o-Dnot Ahnot amk-Oslashnnot DZn-prodn-reg-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege Xspart-bp-a-radic kiquesth-tem-I-szligfpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnpapordmmbn Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]Imiw (qiquest) Dnem-degp-Ibpw]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv ma-I-cWwsNbvX-h-p-am-b-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege CXm-Wn-XnssbquoAiquestYw ]spound hniple Jpiquest-B-n-s XInSw adn-degm-pasymp ia-Oslashnssbquo mK-ambpasymp Hcp Ap-I-c-W-am-Wn-hnsSImWp-part-Xv Jpiquest-B-nse kqd-Oslashpnot Ckvdm-Cse Hpartm-asOslash BbOslashpw ageIqkv auen-Znssbquo BZysOslash Cuhmdegp-Ifpw a- n-cpOslashn Hpartv hmbnregp tmdegq XnIregpwJpiquest-B-n-tmSv InS-]n-Sn-degm-pasymp KqV iaw AXnnot Hfn-tradep-In-S-degp-part-Xmbn t_m-[y-sprod-Spw AsX Jpiquest-Bge hN--szligsftprodmse sIacuten-degq-acuten-bp-nemdegn _n(-k)-bpsSaZvlmWv ]d-bp-part-sXpartv hymtP CkvemansOslashspart Ifn-bm-degp-I-bm-Wn-hiquest Aszlig-s-bm-W-hiquest t]Sn-kz]vszligfpwDddegw sISp-Oslashn-I-fp-am-b-Xv kiquesth-tem-Iszlig-sfbpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnp apordmv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-bpsS Hfnhv (qiquest)krjvSn-regp-nem-degn-sbpartpw ]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hmWv ma-I-cWw sNbvX-sX-partp-amWvaueq-Zp-Im-cge Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)bpsSPw Dnem-b-tprodm-tgdegpw ]nXm-hmb A_vZpradic ac-W-sprod-acuten-cp-partp-shpartpw Aszligs Ipacutendegv apl-ΩZv Fpartv t]cp-hn-fn-regXv ]nXm-a-l-mb A_vZpnot apOslash-en-_m-sWpartpamWvNcnXkXyw Cu aueqZv A]qiquestW-a-sradic-parante Acurrenp-X-ap-asympq Asradic-paranepw cN-bn-Xmhv Bsc-part-dn-bmOslash Ipprod-IƒIb-permilnb Iprod-e-sradic apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mbnntbm-Knreg tijw Ah-X-cn-prodn-reg Jpiquest-B-nnot BZysOslashap-jy-kr-jvSn-bmbn BZ-an-s-bmWv ]cn-N-b-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-part-Xv Fpartmnot aueo-Znnot apl-ΩZv _n-bpsS ]Im-ihpwCOslashcw A_-le-szlig-ƒ ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hmge Imordm-bn-p-I-fp-nem-degp-parthiquest kppartOslashpPam-AOslashv CsXmpartpw icn-b-sradicpartp]d-bp-part-hiquest Zonssbquo ]pdOslashv Fsyenmcp sXmen-degacuten

apeqZv XpScmw h AJvd-Plp ^o BJn-cn- -amnIam Jplusmnd h A_vZm AiquestYw Atplusmn-lsOslash AradicmlpCu Ah-km--Im-e-L- -Oslashnnot AhgeI-degmdegn nrsaquonreg]Imcw ChnsS sImnep-h-partp IqSm-sX h Anot_-klpJnnotAOslashnot Pam-en-radicXo ew bpnot_nkvlm Al-ZmAsX Atplusmn-lsOslash Ahge Ae-param-c-Oslashnssbquo hkvX-szlig-fnnot npartpw apermilm-scbpw [cn-prodn-regn- n-radicm-OslashXv [cn-prodn-degp-IbpwsNbvXp tmdegpI kXy-hp-ambn CXnpartv hradic _lsquo-hp-aptnem Aradicmlp ap-jy-cnnot Gpermil-hp-a-[nIw wKn evIn-bXv bqkp v(A) _n-degm-Wv Fpartmnot ChnsS ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n-bm-sWpartpw Icp-Xn-degqacuten pW-Iƒniquestan-regp-nemdegn Ah-X-cn-prodn-regXv ]mSn S-degm-pasymp Ch-cpsS Niquesta Lw A]mcw Xspart

hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

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Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an-bpsS aspermilmcp ]Xn-prodmbn sF

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

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(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

iwkp-plusmnoge ]me-tdegmSv

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2010 Pqsse30

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`mK-ambn amdp-I-bm-Wv

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 15

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2010 Pqsse16

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2010 Pqsse16

2010 Pqsse 17

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2010 Pqsse 17

2010 Pqsse18

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aspermilmcp npartnprodvtXmhnssbquo DSayumlXbnnot tcsOslash Xspartnehnepnembncppart aspermilmcp ldividev Kqprodnssbquo tXrXzta-spermilSpdegmge CubnSdegv aspermilmcp ]finXge Xacutean v ]Xypound-sprodacuteXpIqSn tNiquestOslashv hmbndegptordmmƒ Aymbamb HcpImcWw ]dtradev ]t_m[cwKOslashv ]XnklsquonIfp-nem-degnbhsc AtX ImcWw Xspart Dddegw sISpOslashppartXvkXymtzjnIƒdegv hensbmcp Xncnregdnhnssbquo tiquest-degmgvNIfmhpIbmWv

Ctprodmƒ kzyendegmcmbtprodmƒ kzImcy ldividev KqprodpI-fpw ldividev Kqprodnssbquo SOslashnprodpImcpsS kwLSm _lsquo-hpw t]cnse kwLSm kmayXbpw HutZymKnI ]knleo-IcWszligfnse ]ckyszligfpw Fradicmw lemembXv GXv a-gelPnssbquo ASnyumlmOslashnemsWpartv kaqltOslashmSv hn-iZoIcndegmge `npartnprodpImiquest _m[yyumlcmWv Anotamiquestldividev skradicns alm]m]amdegn AhXcnprodnregv sF FkvFΩns ]ncnregv hn v kzbw Ahtcm[nXcmb AUvtlm-degnssbquo sshkv ]knUsbquomWv ]Xncopyv hiquestjsOslash ]mcordm-cyw AhImisprodSppart kamyenc Kqprodnssbquo mbIge

adeg Ckzvemlo sksbquodnnot Xmakw hsc hmKvZmwsNoslashppart Kq-prodnssbquo innotprodnbmhsacute AtX AUvtlmdegnseaspermilmcw-Kw ]nfiquestprodnssbquo AWnbdbnnot Gsd hnbiquest-sprodm-gpdegnb t-XmdegfmWv apermilp ldividevKqprodpIfpsSbpw Aac-Oslashv BtcmSv ]dbmge Aaiquestjw tXmpartnbntacutem ymbszligƒncOslashn ]-Xntcm[nregntacutem AregSdeg S]SnsbSpOslashntacutemCu Zpch-yumlbnnot npartpw apJw cpoundndegmge Ignbnsradicpartvt-XrXzw Xncnregdnbppartpnev B XncnregdnhmWv kamyen-cdegmcpsS Duiquestdividehpw XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv ]n-partnnot ]hiquest-Oslashnreg AhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart ]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmge t]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXv kzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmw NnradicpIqacutenemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

NpcpdegOslashnnot Ckzvemlo tXmdegfpsSbpw ]hiquestOslash-I-cpsSbpsamsdeg klIcWtOslashmsSbpw ]paramfnOslashtOslashm-sSbpw Sdegppart sumIsf kwLSm kmtparaXnIXzszlig-fpsS t]cnepw kzmiquestinfin Xmnot]cyszligƒdegmbpw XpcparawshdegpIbpw KpcpXcamb ]XnklsquonIƒdegnSbmdegppartA]Iz odegszligfntedegv bndegpIbpw sNbvXhiquestdegv C-szligns ]eXpw tcntSnen hcpw Hcp apPmlnZv ]-finXgeGsXparanepw ldividev Kqprodnssbquo mbIcm-hp-partXnnot sumImWmge XoslashmdmhmOslashhiquest AXnssbquo t]cnnot alOslashm-sbmcp ]yumlmOslashnnot hnasympepnemdegnbhiquest AtXhnjbOslashnnot XethZbp`hndegppartXv sImnev amX-amWv ]cmarbdquo ldividev KqprodpIƒ ChnsS hnjbamhppartXv`npartnprodv tXrXzOslashnssbquo CcacuteOslashmprodpw Im]Syhpw XpdpartvImWndegppart qdp IWdegnv XncnregSnIfnnot ldividev Kqprodpwkzm`mhnIambpw Dƒsprodsacutepartv amXw _lpamsprodacute F]o Aszligv Cnsbparanepw ]dbpI kwLSm ]nfiquestprodnmbnnszligƒ Apartv Dpartbnreg Hmtcm Imcyszligfpw Hcndegnot IqSnkaqlOslashnv appartnnot AhXcnprodndegmge nszligƒdegmhptamAsradicparannot CddegpaXn BZiquestidegmcpsS KqUmtemN-bnepw oNIrXyszligfnepw ]paramfnbmbXnssbquo t]cnnot HcpXncpsOslashparanepw Xmparafnnot npartv ]Xopoundndegmtam BZ-iquesti]cambpw kwLSm]cambpw HmtcmcpOslashcpw XndegvtXmpartnb t]mse hnfbmSppart Hcp IpfOslashnssbquo Imhnot-Itkctbdegmƒ Aeparamchpw AwKoImchpw AXnmbn-cndegpsapartv addegmXncndegpI

XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv]n-partnnot ]hiquest-OslashnregAhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmget]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXvkzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmwNnradicpIq nemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

2010 Pqsse 19

iniquestdegv alm-]m-]-am-sWpartpw hradic-hpw iniquestdegv sN-bvXmnot Ahge Atszlig-bpermilw hgn-]n-g-regp-t]mbhm-sWpartpwhm-tem-I-Oslashp-npartv Xmtgm- p-ho-W-h-s-tprodm-se-bm-sWpartpwhniple Jpiquest-Bge ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Fpartmnot Rszligƒ iniquest-degv sNoslashp-partn-sradic-partmWv Ahiquest hmZn-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Jpiquest-Bge iniquestdegm-sWpartv hyDagger-am-degnb Imcy-szligƒJpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kp-I-fp-sSbpw shfn-reg-Oslashnnot apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaiquestYn-degp-tordmmƒ Rszlig-fpsS t]cnnot iniquestdegm-tcm-]Ww S-Oslashp-I-bmWv nszlig-sfpartv ka-kvX(-Im-yen-]pcw -C sI hn`m-K-szligƒ) kwyumlm kppartnbpw apermilpkppartn-hn- m--K-szligfpw ]N-fi-amb ]Nm-cWw S-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partp

GsX-paranepw hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegv Btcm-]n-degp-part-Xp-sImnev apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒdegv ]tXy-Inregv Hcp tacutehpw e`n-degm-n-radic Fpartmnot iniquestdegv GXv cq]-Oslashnnot Fhn-sS-npartvIS-partp-h-partmepw AXv iniquestdegm-sWpartv Xpd-partp-]-d-bm-pasympBiquestPhw apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ImWn-degm-dp-nev

iniquestdegnssbquo niquesth-Nw ]mam-Wn-I-K-Ÿ-szlig-fnepwka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnepw

Dpart-X-mb Aradicm-lp-hnv ]parap-Im-cs yumlm]n-degp-part-Xn-mWv iniquestsdegpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnnot Cpart hyDaggern]parap-tNiquestOslashp-shpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sm-dp-nev AXv Gpermilhpw henbAhn-izm-k-amWv (Anot ap vcZmOslashv t]Pv 259)

hnK-l-szligsf Bcm-[n-degnot amX-aradic iniquestdegv Fpartmnot]Xm-]-im-en-bmb nssbquo cpoundn-Xm-hnssbquo IqsS Ahge Hgn-sI-bp-asymp-Xns o sXc-strade-Sp-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (^p-Xq-lpnot ssKz_v aJme 7)

iniquestdegv sNoslashpI Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegvBcm-[--biquestprodn-degemWv bYmiquestY-Oslashnnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hge Bcm-[n-deg-sprod-Smge ]permilp-I-bn-radic (X vkodpnot I_oiquesthC-ZvJme epJvamge Fpart Bb-Oslashnssbquo hni-Zo-I-c-Ww)

temI apkvenw-Iƒ AwKo-I-cn-degppart KŸ-szlig-fnse C_m-d-Oslashp-I-fmWv apI-fnnot Dle-cn-reg-Xv Fpartmnot Xszligƒ sNoslashppart iniquestdegn-s- -iniquestdeg-sradicpartv ]dtradev ymbo-I-cn-degppartka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopound-W-szligƒ IqSn ImWp-I

Hcp hyDaggern Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degp-tordmmƒ amXtainiquestdegv hcp-partp-asympq Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv kzbw Ign-hp-snepartv hniz-kn-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (sIm- -prodpdw kwhmZw166 H Fw Xcp-h-W)

Bcm-[--degiquestl-mbn Aradicm-lpsh-tprodmse apermilp ]eXpwDsne-partpasymp hnizm-kw CXn-mWv iniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sp-partXv (Ciquestim-Zpnot C_m-Zv- -a-e-bmf ]cn- mj t]Pv 29 FwFw Cordmn-regn-tdegmb apkveymiquest)

tmdegp-I ka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopoundWOslashnnot HcphyDaggern acn-regmepw Csradic-paranepw Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-knregv

F A_vZpnotAkokv aZn

iniquestdegvBtcm-]-Wtam bmYmiquestYytam

Atplusmn-l-tOslashmSv ]miquestYn-regmte iniquestdegv hcn-I-bp-asympq A]-Imcw Xspart kzbw Ignhv B hnfn-deg-sprod-Sppart BƒdegvDsnepartv hniz-kn-regmte iniquestdegm-hp-I-bp-asympq FX hnNn-X-amb Hcp hopound-W-am-WnXv Jpiquest-Bpw ap - n-dp-Ifpw]hm-N-Ige(k)-bpsS lZo-kp-Ifpw Cu hmZsOslash Jfin-degp-partp o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa nszligƒ hnfnregv]m-iquest-Yn-degppart nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Isfprodpermiln nszligƒ Nnyennregvtmdegp-I Cu qan-bnnot Fyenm-W-hiquest krjvSn-regn- p-asymp-sXpartvnszligƒ Fndegv ImWn-regp-X-cn-I AX-radic BIm-i-szlig-fnnotAhiquestdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem AX-radic mw Ahiquestdegv hradic-K-Ÿhpw notIn-bn v AXnnot npartpasymp sXfn-h-p-k-cn-regmtWmAhiquest ne-sIm-asympp-partXv Fpartmnot AI-a-Im-cn-IƒAtymyw hmKvZmw sNoslashp-partXv hcopy--am-X-am-Ip-partp(^m-Xzniquest 40)

Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

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ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

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CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

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IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

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1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

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4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

d_o-Dnot Ahnot amk-Oslashnnot DZn-prodn-reg-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege Xspart-bp-a-radic kiquesth-tem-I-szligfpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnpapordmmbn Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]Imiw (qiquest) Dnem-degp-Ibpw]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv ma-I-cWwsNbvX-h-p-am-b-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege CXm-Wn-XnssbquoAiquestYw ]spound hniple Jpiquest-B-n-s XInSw adn-degm-pasymp ia-Oslashnssbquo mK-ambpasymp Hcp Ap-I-c-W-am-Wn-hnsSImWp-part-Xv Jpiquest-B-nse kqd-Oslashpnot Ckvdm-Cse Hpartm-asOslash BbOslashpw ageIqkv auen-Znssbquo BZysOslash Cuhmdegp-Ifpw a- n-cpOslashn Hpartv hmbnregp tmdegq XnIregpwJpiquest-B-n-tmSv InS-]n-Sn-degm-pasymp KqV iaw AXnnot Hfn-tradep-In-S-degp-part-Xmbn t_m-[y-sprod-Spw AsX Jpiquest-Bge hN--szligsftprodmse sIacuten-degq-acuten-bp-nemdegn _n(-k)-bpsSaZvlmWv ]d-bp-part-sXpartv hymtP CkvemansOslashspart Ifn-bm-degp-I-bm-Wn-hiquest Aszlig-s-bm-W-hiquest t]Sn-kz]vszligfpwDddegw sISp-Oslashn-I-fp-am-b-Xv kiquesth-tem-Iszlig-sfbpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnp apordmv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-bpsS Hfnhv (qiquest)krjvSn-regp-nem-degn-sbpartpw ]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hmWv ma-I-cWw sNbvX-sX-partp-amWvaueq-Zp-Im-cge Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)bpsSPw Dnem-b-tprodm-tgdegpw ]nXm-hmb A_vZpradic ac-W-sprod-acuten-cp-partp-shpartpw Aszligs Ipacutendegv apl-ΩZv Fpartv t]cp-hn-fn-regXv ]nXm-a-l-mb A_vZpnot apOslash-en-_m-sWpartpamWvNcnXkXyw Cu aueqZv A]qiquestW-a-sradic-parante Acurrenp-X-ap-asympq Asradic-paranepw cN-bn-Xmhv Bsc-part-dn-bmOslash Ipprod-IƒIb-permilnb Iprod-e-sradic apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mbnntbm-Knreg tijw Ah-X-cn-prodn-reg Jpiquest-B-nnot BZysOslashap-jy-kr-jvSn-bmbn BZ-an-s-bmWv ]cn-N-b-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-part-Xv Fpartmnot aueo-Znnot apl-ΩZv _n-bpsS ]Im-ihpwCOslashcw A_-le-szlig-ƒ ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hmge Imordm-bn-p-I-fp-nem-degp-parthiquest kppartOslashpPam-AOslashv CsXmpartpw icn-b-sradicpartp]d-bp-part-hiquest Zonssbquo ]pdOslashv Fsyenmcp sXmen-degacuten

apeqZv XpScmw h AJvd-Plp ^o BJn-cn- -amnIam Jplusmnd h A_vZm AiquestYw Atplusmn-lsOslash AradicmlpCu Ah-km--Im-e-L- -Oslashnnot AhgeI-degmdegn nrsaquonreg]Imcw ChnsS sImnep-h-partp IqSm-sX h Anot_-klpJnnotAOslashnot Pam-en-radicXo ew bpnot_nkvlm Al-ZmAsX Atplusmn-lsOslash Ahge Ae-param-c-Oslashnssbquo hkvX-szlig-fnnot npartpw apermilm-scbpw [cn-prodn-regn- n-radicm-OslashXv [cn-prodn-degp-IbpwsNbvXp tmdegpI kXy-hp-ambn CXnpartv hradic _lsquo-hp-aptnem Aradicmlp ap-jy-cnnot Gpermil-hp-a-[nIw wKn evIn-bXv bqkp v(A) _n-degm-Wv Fpartmnot ChnsS ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n-bm-sWpartpw Icp-Xn-degqacuten pW-Iƒniquestan-regp-nemdegn Ah-X-cn-prodn-regXv ]mSn S-degm-pasymp Ch-cpsS Niquesta Lw A]mcw Xspart

hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

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Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an-bpsS aspermilmcp ]Xn-prodmbn sF

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

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(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

iwkp-plusmnoge ]me-tdegmSv

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2010 Pqsse30

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Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

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2010 Pqsse16

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2010 Pqsse 17

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CXbpw sImnev Xoiquestpartnradic s]mradicmprodpIƒ 2002 BKAtildev12mWv `npartnprodpImiquest Ckzvemlo ]yumlmsOslash njv-IcpWw IpOslashnprodnfiquestOslashnbXv AXmbXv F v hiquestjw apge-]v Apartv _lpamyiquest ]Xszligƒdegpw IogvLSIszligƒdegpwnotInb hniZoIcWIpdnprodnnot HpartmaXmbn ]dtradeBtcm]Ww sI Fge FΩnv Hcp ldividev Kqprodpnem-bn-cnsdeg aspermilmcp ldividev Kqprodv ]hiquestOslashnregp FpartXmbncppartp]spound B Btcm]WsOslash IS]pgdegnsdegmnemWv knUn Shdnse tanot ldividev Kqprodnssbquo ]ckyw ]Xncopyv h-iquestjsOslash tkh ]mcordmcyamWv CXv AhImisprodSppartXvAXmbXv kwLS ]nfcppartXnssbquobpw Ggv hiquestjszligƒdegvapge]v Anotamiquest ldividev sknot XpSszligppartXnssbquobpw Bdvh-iquestjszligƒdegv apge]v Cu ldividev Kqprodv ]hiquestOslash-amcw-`nregncppartp AXnssbquo AacOslashv kzyendegmcmbXnmepwItkcbpw JPmhpw kzyenamdegmpasymp PnlmZnssbquo[zPhmlImbXnmepw ApartXv ΩpsS tXmdegfpsSIcnordmacutenIbnepƒsprodacutenradic Fpartv amXw

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sI Fge FΩnssbquo GI ldividev KqprodvCu h-cn sImnepw ]tXyI Imcy-an-sradic-partv Ap`hOslashnnot npartpw a- nemdegnb HutZymKnIdegmiquest HcShpIqSn ]bpermiln tmdegn Ctprodmƒ hcppart]ckyszligfnnot sI Fge FΩnssbquoIognepff GI ldividev Kqprodv Fpart h-cndegv Xmsg honepw aspermilmcp hcn AXn-]Imcw sI Fge FΩnp Iognnot a-permilp ldividev KqprodpIfnradic

2010 Pqsse 17

2010 Pqsse18

radicnssbquo ]ckyw i_m_nnot notInbncppartXv KqXcambAregSdegewLambncppartp Apartv ]spound tanot ldividev Kq-prodnssbquo ]ckyw npartnprodpImcnse F ]n Kqprodnssbquo apJ]X-Oslashnepw kdegcnoslash Kqprodnssbquo apJ]XOslashnepw arsquocnregv]-XypoundsprodacutepsImnencndegppartp apPmlnZpIsf ampermilnniquest-Oslashn ]Icw ]XnjvTnreg BƒdegqacuteOslashnssbquo adhnbpw A-lsquoam-b hnt[bXzhpw henb ApKlambn ImWp-I-bmWv npartnprodv tXrXzantprodmƒ

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ldividev KqprodpIfpsS NmIc `npartnprodp ]mfbOslashnnot A-]kzcszligfpnemdegshbmWv apJ]XOslashnnot ]pXnsbmcpldividev Kqprodnssbquo ]ckyw apPmlnZnssbquoXv XspartbmWv ]-spound sI Fge FΩnssbquoXradic Fpartmbncppartp hnfnregtz-jn-reghiquestdegv Inacutenb adp]Sn Pdnot skIacutednbpsS acpaIgeIqSnbmb bph]finXpw FdWmwIpfsOslash XeapXniquestparttXmhpamWsX CXnssbquo mbIiquest AXymhiywip`]XopoundtbmsSbmWnXnssbquo innotprodnIsfpartv ldividev-Kq-prodnssbquo t]cv Xspart kqN notIppartpnev sNΩm pImcmb

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adeg Ckzvemlo sksbquodnnot Xmakw hsc hmKvZmwsNoslashppart Kq-prodnssbquo innotprodnbmhsacute AtX AUvtlmdegnseaspermilmcw-Kw ]nfiquestprodnssbquo AWnbdbnnot Gsd hnbiquest-sprodm-gpdegnb t-XmdegfmWv apermilp ldividevKqprodpIfpsSbpw Aac-Oslashv BtcmSv ]dbmge Aaiquestjw tXmpartnbntacutem ymbszligƒncOslashn ]-Xntcm[nregntacutem AregSdeg S]SnsbSpOslashntacutemCu Zpch-yumlbnnot npartpw apJw cpoundndegmge Ignbnsradicpartvt-XrXzw Xncnregdnbppartpnev B XncnregdnhmWv kamyen-cdegmcpsS Duiquestdividehpw XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv ]n-partnnot ]hiquest-Oslashnreg AhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart ]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmge t]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXv kzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmw NnradicpIqacutenemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

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2010 Pqsse 19

iniquestdegv alm-]m-]-am-sWpartpw hradic-hpw iniquestdegv sN-bvXmnot Ahge Atszlig-bpermilw hgn-]n-g-regp-t]mbhm-sWpartpwhm-tem-I-Oslashp-npartv Xmtgm- p-ho-W-h-s-tprodm-se-bm-sWpartpwhniple Jpiquest-Bge ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Fpartmnot Rszligƒ iniquest-degv sNoslashp-partn-sradic-partmWv Ahiquest hmZn-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Jpiquest-Bge iniquestdegm-sWpartv hyDagger-am-degnb Imcy-szligƒJpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kp-I-fp-sSbpw shfn-reg-Oslashnnot apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaiquestYn-degp-tordmmƒ Rszlig-fpsS t]cnnot iniquestdegm-tcm-]Ww S-Oslashp-I-bmWv nszlig-sfpartv ka-kvX(-Im-yen-]pcw -C sI hn`m-K-szligƒ) kwyumlm kppartnbpw apermilpkppartn-hn- m--K-szligfpw ]N-fi-amb ]Nm-cWw S-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partp

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iniquestdegnssbquo niquesth-Nw ]mam-Wn-I-K-Ÿ-szlig-fnepwka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnepw

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Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

Pemnot atcopycn

icn-bm-Wv Ckz-vemlv amkn-I-bnnotFgp-Xp-partXv ImWpI ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pn-partp-I-sfbpw apermilm-scbpw hnfn-regp-tX-Smge ]mSn-sradicpartpw ]miquestY--degp-Oslashcw evImge A-hiquest-degv Ign-bn-sradicpartpw Jpiquest-Bge sΩ ]Tn-prodn-degppartp (C-kz-vemlv amkn-I 2006 Unwk-_iquest adtradeamiquestKhpw kpradic-an-bpsS hnh-c-tdeg-Spw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemln t]Pv 6) ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhn-fnregp tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Cu tUmIvSiquest ChnsSFgp-Xp-partp Cu hnUvVnOslashw i_m-_nnot ]nSn-Iq-Sn-b-tprodmƒPnpartpw knlvdpw aS-hq-cn-I-fpsS Zpjv]-Nm-c-Whpw Fpartt]-cnnot Ctplusmnlw Xspart ]kn-leo-I-cnreg ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot-hn-fnregp tXSmge ]mSn-sradic-partpw ]dtrade mKw shacuten-am-permiln-bmWvF-gp-Xp-part-Xv

AXnssbquo ]qiquestW-cq]w ImWpI apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ Fhn-sS-bmWv Pnpartns hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-tradeXv Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw ]d-trade-Xmbn Cu Iasymp-hm-Zn-Iƒdegv sXfn-bn-degmge km[n-degptam adnregv Aradicm-lp-h-radicmOslash bmsXm-partn-tmSpw AXv Pnpartm-I-sacute hen-oslashm-Isacute ae-degm-Isacute hnfnregv]miquestYn-degp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSpasympq FpartmWv apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaq-lsOslash ]-Tnprodnregp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv aS-hq-cn-I-tf BSns ]acuten-bm-degppart nszlig-fpsS Cu hrOslashn-sIacute Xyenw hn kn Ipacuten-I-fp-sS ASpOslashp aXn apPm-ln-Zp-IƒdegnS-bnnot AXv sNe-hm-Inradic (Pnpartpw knlvdpw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemlnt]Pv 23) ]acutensb BSm-degp-hmge thnen ae-degp-IsfbpwPn-partp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Ckz-vem-lnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv Aacuten-a-dnregv Ah-X-cn-prodn-degp-I-bmWv tUm-IvSiquest Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot sNoslashp-part-Xv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degnot iniquestdegm-sWpartpw Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvamXta ]miquestYn-degp-hmge ]mSp-asympp-shpartpw kppartn-I-fnnot s]acutehen-sbmcp hn`mKw apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp-nev

CXp ]d-bp-hmge apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS ]asympn-Ifpw yumlm]--szligfpw kzOslashpw ssIh-i-sprod-SpOslashn ke^n thjw [cnregvS-degppart h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsS Bh-iy-an-radic ac-W-sprod--h-sc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip-vdp-am-Wv CXp-t]mse Xspart ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sf-

bpw hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip vdp-am-Wv CXp Xspart-bm-bn-cppartp apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHpartmw XnbXn sXmacutepasymp apJy ]t_m-[ hnj-bw ]asympn-bpw yumlm]--szligfpw Ahiquest niquestan-regXv CXv ]d-bp-hm-m-Wv ae-degp-I-fpsSbpw Pnpartp-I-fpsSbpw Ign-hnpartv Aprodp-d-apasympXv tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-iquest ]d-bp-partp ae-degnssbquobpw Pnpartp-I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hnssbquo]cn-[n-Iƒ nrsaquo-bn-degp-hmge apdegv km[y-a-sradicpartpw ChiquestXspart ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Ch-cpsS Cu ASnyumlm XXz-]-

Im-chpw ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp iniquestdegn-sbpwIp vdn-sbpw ]nSn-IqSn Xulo-Zm-degp-hmgeian-degp-part-hiquestdegv Hcp-Xcw AlsquoX _m[n-regn-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Chiquest FyenmWv ]d-bp-Ibpw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNoslashp-part-sXpartvChiquestdegpXspart Adn-bp-partn-radic

CkvXn-Km-kbpwaX-]-fin-X-summcpw

]qiquesthn-I-cmb andeg aX-]-fin-X-summcpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregv klmbwtXSn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv ka-kvX-bnse

apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp kXym-hkvY hnh-cn-degmtam

A_vZpnotI-cow sImregn

hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

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hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

samgnregp ]d-bpI B hmN-I-hpw AXn-XmWv euemdegeuemdeg eam Je-IvOslashpnot A vemdegv AiquestYw ]hm-N-I-tc Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Cu ]]-copy-sOslash-Oslashspart krjvSndegp-am-bn-cp-partn-sradic-partv Aradicmlp _n(-k)tbmSv ]]copy aJn-ehpwkrjvSnregXnssbquo nanOslashw ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n Dnem-b-Xp-sIm-nem-sW-partv CXnepw hen-sbmcp pWbpw Bpermilw-t_mw-_p-aptnem _n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXm AtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregp tmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmw Bkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-IpartvIgn-trade-Xp-an-radic Fpartnacutepw aZvlpIƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bppart NpW-degp- -summiquest COslashcw euemdeg euemdeg Dd-sdeg-bp-dsdeg]mSn-prod-d-bp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp hmdegp-Iƒ sImnev AΩm--am-Sppart hlm-_n-I-fpsS t]Sn-kz-]v-szligƒ hnfn-regp-Iq-hppartCu euemdegbpsS nP-yumlnXnsbsyenpartv Ahiquest Kun-degp-partn-radic auenZv XS-cppartp ^ hpenZ _n hPvlnnotAJvPe Ja-dmge h^iquest JZm Aem lph-radicZo Xh- e_nln-B-Zw h vX-Jd _n Iunlo Jmen-Zge hkvX-Kmk _nlo qlpge ^Pm annot dZm hIm-^okzpnot_n C_vdmlow Asseln emw lo Dnotdegnb^npartm-cn BZ hkmd elv_p^m apJva-Zm AsXAszligs Atplusmnlw ]qiquestW Nmicro-sbpw [ph-]-tZ-iOslashvDbiquestpartp nevdegppart pound-X-sOslashbpw mWn-prodn-degppart apJ-hp-ambn ChnsS ]nd-partp Adn-bp-I Atplusmn-lsOslashsdegmnevBZw Xh- pnot sNoslashp-Ibpw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]nXm-hm-ImgeIgn-trade-Xnnot A`n-amw sImasympp-Ibpw sNbvXp IqSmsXqlv(-A) Atplusmn-l-sOslash-sdegmnev CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashn-b-Xn-m-emWv alm hn]-Oslashnnot npartv (]-f-b-Oslashnnot npartv) cpound-sprod- -Xv Xspart-bp-a-radic Atplusmnlw C_vdmlow(A)-bpsS apXp-Innot Dnem-bn-cp-part-Xn-m-emWv AmiddotnIpfimcw XWpOslashvsI -Sszlign cpound-sprod- -Xv lm Fyenm-Wn-hiquest ]d-bp-part-sXpartvAh-c-dn-bp-partn-radic tNmdpw ssIa-Sdegpw In n-bmnot GXv hymP-hm-tdm-e-Ifpw Cu XmPpnot De-am-degƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bpw

(Xp-S-cpw)

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

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(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

iwkp-plusmnoge ]me-tdegmSv

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2010 Pqsse 17

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2010 Pqsse 17

2010 Pqsse18

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2010 Pqsse 19

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iniquestdegvBtcm-]-Wtam bmYmiquestYytam

Atplusmn-l-tOslashmSv ]miquestYn-regmte iniquestdegv hcn-I-bp-asympq A]-Imcw Xspart kzbw Ignhv B hnfn-deg-sprod-Sppart BƒdegvDsnepartv hniz-kn-regmte iniquestdegm-hp-I-bp-asympq FX hnNn-X-amb Hcp hopound-W-am-WnXv Jpiquest-Bpw ap - n-dp-Ifpw]hm-N-Ige(k)-bpsS lZo-kp-Ifpw Cu hmZsOslash Jfin-degp-partp o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa nszligƒ hnfnregv]m-iquest-Yn-degppart nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Isfprodpermiln nszligƒ Nnyennregvtmdegp-I Cu qan-bnnot Fyenm-W-hiquest krjvSn-regn- p-asymp-sXpartvnszligƒ Fndegv ImWn-regp-X-cn-I AX-radic BIm-i-szlig-fnnotAhiquestdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem AX-radic mw Ahiquestdegv hradic-K-Ÿhpw notIn-bn v AXnnot npartpasymp sXfn-h-p-k-cn-regmtWmAhiquest ne-sIm-asympp-partXv Fpartmnot AI-a-Im-cn-IƒAtymyw hmKvZmw sNoslashp-partXv hcopy--am-X-am-Ip-partp(^m-Xzniquest 40)

Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

Pemnot atcopycn

icn-bm-Wv Ckz-vemlv amkn-I-bnnotFgp-Xp-partXv ImWpI ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pn-partp-I-sfbpw apermilm-scbpw hnfn-regp-tX-Smge ]mSn-sradicpartpw ]miquestY--degp-Oslashcw evImge A-hiquest-degv Ign-bn-sradicpartpw Jpiquest-Bge sΩ ]Tn-prodn-degppartp (C-kz-vemlv amkn-I 2006 Unwk-_iquest adtradeamiquestKhpw kpradic-an-bpsS hnh-c-tdeg-Spw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemln t]Pv 6) ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhn-fnregp tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Cu tUmIvSiquest ChnsSFgp-Xp-partp Cu hnUvVnOslashw i_m-_nnot ]nSn-Iq-Sn-b-tprodmƒPnpartpw knlvdpw aS-hq-cn-I-fpsS Zpjv]-Nm-c-Whpw Fpartt]-cnnot Ctplusmnlw Xspart ]kn-leo-I-cnreg ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot-hn-fnregp tXSmge ]mSn-sradic-partpw ]dtrade mKw shacuten-am-permiln-bmWvF-gp-Xp-part-Xv

AXnssbquo ]qiquestW-cq]w ImWpI apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ Fhn-sS-bmWv Pnpartns hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-tradeXv Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw ]d-trade-Xmbn Cu Iasymp-hm-Zn-Iƒdegv sXfn-bn-degmge km[n-degptam adnregv Aradicm-lp-h-radicmOslash bmsXm-partn-tmSpw AXv Pnpartm-I-sacute hen-oslashm-Isacute ae-degm-Isacute hnfnregv]miquestYn-degp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSpasympq FpartmWv apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaq-lsOslash ]-Tnprodnregp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv aS-hq-cn-I-tf BSns ]acuten-bm-degppart nszlig-fpsS Cu hrOslashn-sIacute Xyenw hn kn Ipacuten-I-fp-sS ASpOslashp aXn apPm-ln-Zp-IƒdegnS-bnnot AXv sNe-hm-Inradic (Pnpartpw knlvdpw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemlnt]Pv 23) ]acutensb BSm-degp-hmge thnen ae-degp-IsfbpwPn-partp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Ckz-vem-lnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv Aacuten-a-dnregv Ah-X-cn-prodn-degp-I-bmWv tUm-IvSiquest Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot sNoslashp-part-Xv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degnot iniquestdegm-sWpartpw Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvamXta ]miquestYn-degp-hmge ]mSp-asympp-shpartpw kppartn-I-fnnot s]acutehen-sbmcp hn`mKw apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp-nev

CXp ]d-bp-hmge apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS ]asympn-Ifpw yumlm]--szligfpw kzOslashpw ssIh-i-sprod-SpOslashn ke^n thjw [cnregvS-degppart h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsS Bh-iy-an-radic ac-W-sprod--h-sc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip-vdp-am-Wv CXp-t]mse Xspart ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sf-

bpw hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip vdp-am-Wv CXp Xspart-bm-bn-cppartp apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHpartmw XnbXn sXmacutepasymp apJy ]t_m-[ hnj-bw ]asympn-bpw yumlm]--szligfpw Ahiquest niquestan-regXv CXv ]d-bp-hm-m-Wv ae-degp-I-fpsSbpw Pnpartp-I-fpsSbpw Ign-hnpartv Aprodp-d-apasympXv tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-iquest ]d-bp-partp ae-degnssbquobpw Pnpartp-I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hnssbquo]cn-[n-Iƒ nrsaquo-bn-degp-hmge apdegv km[y-a-sradicpartpw ChiquestXspart ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Ch-cpsS Cu ASnyumlm XXz-]-

Im-chpw ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp iniquestdegn-sbpwIp vdn-sbpw ]nSn-IqSn Xulo-Zm-degp-hmgeian-degp-part-hiquestdegv Hcp-Xcw AlsquoX _m[n-regn-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Chiquest FyenmWv ]d-bp-Ibpw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNoslashp-part-sXpartvChiquestdegpXspart Adn-bp-partn-radic

CkvXn-Km-kbpwaX-]-fin-X-summcpw

]qiquesthn-I-cmb andeg aX-]-fin-X-summcpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregv klmbwtXSn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv ka-kvX-bnse

apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp kXym-hkvY hnh-cn-degmtam

A_vZpnotI-cow sImregn

hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

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hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

samgnregp ]d-bpI B hmN-I-hpw AXn-XmWv euemdegeuemdeg eam Je-IvOslashpnot A vemdegv AiquestYw ]hm-N-I-tc Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Cu ]]-copy-sOslash-Oslashspart krjvSndegp-am-bn-cp-partn-sradic-partv Aradicmlp _n(-k)tbmSv ]]copy aJn-ehpwkrjvSnregXnssbquo nanOslashw ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n Dnem-b-Xp-sIm-nem-sW-partv CXnepw hen-sbmcp pWbpw Bpermilw-t_mw-_p-aptnem _n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXm AtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregp tmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmw Bkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-IpartvIgn-trade-Xp-an-radic Fpartnacutepw aZvlpIƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bppart NpW-degp- -summiquest COslashcw euemdeg euemdeg Dd-sdeg-bp-dsdeg]mSn-prod-d-bp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp hmdegp-Iƒ sImnev AΩm--am-Sppart hlm-_n-I-fpsS t]Sn-kz-]v-szligƒ hnfn-regp-Iq-hppartCu euemdegbpsS nP-yumlnXnsbsyenpartv Ahiquest Kun-degp-partn-radic auenZv XS-cppartp ^ hpenZ _n hPvlnnotAJvPe Ja-dmge h^iquest JZm Aem lph-radicZo Xh- e_nln-B-Zw h vX-Jd _n Iunlo Jmen-Zge hkvX-Kmk _nlo qlpge ^Pm annot dZm hIm-^okzpnot_n C_vdmlow Asseln emw lo Dnotdegnb^npartm-cn BZ hkmd elv_p^m apJva-Zm AsXAszligs Atplusmnlw ]qiquestW Nmicro-sbpw [ph-]-tZ-iOslashvDbiquestpartp nevdegppart pound-X-sOslashbpw mWn-prodn-degppart apJ-hp-ambn ChnsS ]nd-partp Adn-bp-I Atplusmn-lsOslashsdegmnevBZw Xh- pnot sNoslashp-Ibpw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]nXm-hm-ImgeIgn-trade-Xnnot A`n-amw sImasympp-Ibpw sNbvXp IqSmsXqlv(-A) Atplusmn-l-sOslash-sdegmnev CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashn-b-Xn-m-emWv alm hn]-Oslashnnot npartv (]-f-b-Oslashnnot npartv) cpound-sprod- -Xv Xspart-bp-a-radic Atplusmnlw C_vdmlow(A)-bpsS apXp-Innot Dnem-bn-cp-part-Xn-m-emWv AmiddotnIpfimcw XWpOslashvsI -Sszlign cpound-sprod- -Xv lm Fyenm-Wn-hiquest ]d-bp-part-sXpartvAh-c-dn-bp-partn-radic tNmdpw ssIa-Sdegpw In n-bmnot GXv hymP-hm-tdm-e-Ifpw Cu XmPpnot De-am-degƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bpw

(Xp-S-cpw)

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

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(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

iwkp-plusmnoge ]me-tdegmSv

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b-I-am-sb-parannot

auZq-Zn-bpsS Imcy-Oslashn-em-sW-paranepw Pm-[n-]-Xy-Oslashnssbquo Imcy-Oslashn-em-sW-paranepw aX-cm-jvS-Oslashnssbquo hnj-b-Oslashn-em-sW-paranepw

G n-ep-asympXpw ]tbm-K-Oslashn-ep-asympXpw Asradic-parannot ]d-bp-partXpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-partXpw ]c-

kv]c hncp-le-am-Ippart Ap- hw Pam-AOslashv ]miquest n-bpsS Pn-XI LS--bpsS

`mK-ambn amdp-I-bm-Wv

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse18

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Ctprodmƒ kzyendegmcmbtprodmƒ kzImcy ldividev KqprodpI-fpw ldividev Kqprodnssbquo SOslashnprodpImcpsS kwLSm _lsquo-hpw t]cnse kwLSm kmayXbpw HutZymKnI ]knleo-IcWszligfnse ]ckyszligfpw Fradicmw lemembXv GXv a-gelPnssbquo ASnyumlmOslashnemsWpartv kaqltOslashmSv hn-iZoIcndegmge `npartnprodpImiquest _m[yyumlcmWv Anotamiquestldividev skradicns alm]m]amdegn AhXcnprodnregv sF FkvFΩns ]ncnregv hn v kzbw Ahtcm[nXcmb AUvtlm-degnssbquo sshkv ]knUsbquomWv ]Xncopyv hiquestjsOslash ]mcordm-cyw AhImisprodSppart kamyenc Kqprodnssbquo mbIge

adeg Ckzvemlo sksbquodnnot Xmakw hsc hmKvZmwsNoslashppart Kq-prodnssbquo innotprodnbmhsacute AtX AUvtlmdegnseaspermilmcw-Kw ]nfiquestprodnssbquo AWnbdbnnot Gsd hnbiquest-sprodm-gpdegnb t-XmdegfmWv apermilp ldividevKqprodpIfpsSbpw Aac-Oslashv BtcmSv ]dbmge Aaiquestjw tXmpartnbntacutem ymbszligƒncOslashn ]-Xntcm[nregntacutem AregSdeg S]SnsbSpOslashntacutemCu Zpch-yumlbnnot npartpw apJw cpoundndegmge Ignbnsradicpartvt-XrXzw Xncnregdnbppartpnev B XncnregdnhmWv kamyen-cdegmcpsS Duiquestdividehpw XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv ]n-partnnot ]hiquest-Oslashnreg AhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart ]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmge t]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXv kzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmw NnradicpIqacutenemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

NpcpdegOslashnnot Ckzvemlo tXmdegfpsSbpw ]hiquestOslash-I-cpsSbpsamsdeg klIcWtOslashmsSbpw ]paramfnOslashtOslashm-sSbpw Sdegppart sumIsf kwLSm kmtparaXnIXzszlig-fpsS t]cnepw kzmiquestinfin Xmnot]cyszligƒdegmbpw XpcparawshdegpIbpw KpcpXcamb ]XnklsquonIƒdegnSbmdegppartA]Iz odegszligfntedegv bndegpIbpw sNbvXhiquestdegv C-szligns ]eXpw tcntSnen hcpw Hcp apPmlnZv ]-finXgeGsXparanepw ldividev Kqprodnssbquo mbIcm-hp-partXnnot sumImWmge XoslashmdmhmOslashhiquest AXnssbquo t]cnnot alOslashm-sbmcp ]yumlmOslashnnot hnasympepnemdegnbhiquest AtXhnjbOslashnnot XethZbp`hndegppartXv sImnev amX-amWv ]cmarbdquo ldividev KqprodpIƒ ChnsS hnjbamhppartXv`npartnprodv tXrXzOslashnssbquo CcacuteOslashmprodpw Im]Syhpw XpdpartvImWndegppart qdp IWdegnv XncnregSnIfnnot ldividev Kqprodpwkzm`mhnIambpw Dƒsprodsacutepartv amXw _lpamsprodacute F]o Aszligv Cnsbparanepw ]dbpI kwLSm ]nfiquestprodnmbnnszligƒ Apartv Dpartbnreg Hmtcm Imcyszligfpw Hcndegnot IqSnkaqlOslashnv appartnnot AhXcnprodndegmge nszligƒdegmhptamAsradicparannot CddegpaXn BZiquestidegmcpsS KqUmtemN-bnepw oNIrXyszligfnepw ]paramfnbmbXnssbquo t]cnnot HcpXncpsOslashparanepw Xmparafnnot npartv ]Xopoundndegmtam BZ-iquesti]cambpw kwLSm]cambpw HmtcmcpOslashcpw XndegvtXmpartnb t]mse hnfbmSppart Hcp IpfOslashnssbquo Imhnot-Itkctbdegmƒ Aeparamchpw AwKoImchpw AXnmbn-cndegpsapartv addegmXncndegpI

XpeyXbnradicmOslash HcoXndegv]n-partnnot ]hiquest-OslashnregAhnlnXkJyOslashnnot ]nspart]ckv-]cw ]Xntcm-[ndegmget]mepamhmsX AoXnIfpwAymbszligfpw Xg-regphfcpsapartXvkzm`mhnIamWtradicmHmtcmcpOslashcpsSbpw yumlmwNnradicpIq nemhptordmmƒ CtXSdegq

2010 Pqsse 19

iniquestdegv alm-]m-]-am-sWpartpw hradic-hpw iniquestdegv sN-bvXmnot Ahge Atszlig-bpermilw hgn-]n-g-regp-t]mbhm-sWpartpwhm-tem-I-Oslashp-npartv Xmtgm- p-ho-W-h-s-tprodm-se-bm-sWpartpwhniple Jpiquest-Bge ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Fpartmnot Rszligƒ iniquest-degv sNoslashp-partn-sradic-partmWv Ahiquest hmZn-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Jpiquest-Bge iniquestdegm-sWpartv hyDagger-am-degnb Imcy-szligƒJpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kp-I-fp-sSbpw shfn-reg-Oslashnnot apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaiquestYn-degp-tordmmƒ Rszlig-fpsS t]cnnot iniquestdegm-tcm-]Ww S-Oslashp-I-bmWv nszlig-sfpartv ka-kvX(-Im-yen-]pcw -C sI hn`m-K-szligƒ) kwyumlm kppartnbpw apermilpkppartn-hn- m--K-szligfpw ]N-fi-amb ]Nm-cWw S-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partp

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iniquestdegnssbquo niquesth-Nw ]mam-Wn-I-K-Ÿ-szlig-fnepwka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnepw

Dpart-X-mb Aradicm-lp-hnv ]parap-Im-cs yumlm]n-degp-part-Xn-mWv iniquestsdegpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnnot Cpart hyDaggern]parap-tNiquestOslashp-shpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sm-dp-nev AXv Gpermilhpw henbAhn-izm-k-amWv (Anot ap vcZmOslashv t]Pv 259)

hnK-l-szligsf Bcm-[n-degnot amX-aradic iniquestdegv Fpartmnot]Xm-]-im-en-bmb nssbquo cpoundn-Xm-hnssbquo IqsS Ahge Hgn-sI-bp-asymp-Xns o sXc-strade-Sp-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (^p-Xq-lpnot ssKz_v aJme 7)

iniquestdegv sNoslashpI Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegvBcm-[--biquestprodn-degemWv bYmiquestY-Oslashnnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hge Bcm-[n-deg-sprod-Smge ]permilp-I-bn-radic (X vkodpnot I_oiquesthC-ZvJme epJvamge Fpart Bb-Oslashnssbquo hni-Zo-I-c-Ww)

temI apkvenw-Iƒ AwKo-I-cn-degppart KŸ-szlig-fnse C_m-d-Oslashp-I-fmWv apI-fnnot Dle-cn-reg-Xv Fpartmnot Xszligƒ sNoslashppart iniquestdegn-s- -iniquestdeg-sradicpartv ]dtradev ymbo-I-cn-degppartka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopound-W-szligƒ IqSn ImWp-I

Hcp hyDaggern Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degp-tordmmƒ amXtainiquestdegv hcp-partp-asympq Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv kzbw Ign-hp-snepartv hniz-kn-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (sIm- -prodpdw kwhmZw166 H Fw Xcp-h-W)

Bcm-[--degiquestl-mbn Aradicm-lpsh-tprodmse apermilp ]eXpwDsne-partpasymp hnizm-kw CXn-mWv iniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sp-partXv (Ciquestim-Zpnot C_m-Zv- -a-e-bmf ]cn- mj t]Pv 29 FwFw Cordmn-regn-tdegmb apkveymiquest)

tmdegp-I ka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopoundWOslashnnot HcphyDaggern acn-regmepw Csradic-paranepw Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-knregv

F A_vZpnotAkokv aZn

iniquestdegvBtcm-]-Wtam bmYmiquestYytam

Atplusmn-l-tOslashmSv ]miquestYn-regmte iniquestdegv hcn-I-bp-asympq A]-Imcw Xspart kzbw Ignhv B hnfn-deg-sprod-Sppart BƒdegvDsnepartv hniz-kn-regmte iniquestdegm-hp-I-bp-asympq FX hnNn-X-amb Hcp hopound-W-am-WnXv Jpiquest-Bpw ap - n-dp-Ifpw]hm-N-Ige(k)-bpsS lZo-kp-Ifpw Cu hmZsOslash Jfin-degp-partp o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa nszligƒ hnfnregv]m-iquest-Yn-degppart nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Isfprodpermiln nszligƒ Nnyennregvtmdegp-I Cu qan-bnnot Fyenm-W-hiquest krjvSn-regn- p-asymp-sXpartvnszligƒ Fndegv ImWn-regp-X-cn-I AX-radic BIm-i-szlig-fnnotAhiquestdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem AX-radic mw Ahiquestdegv hradic-K-Ÿhpw notIn-bn v AXnnot npartpasymp sXfn-h-p-k-cn-regmtWmAhiquest ne-sIm-asympp-partXv Fpartmnot AI-a-Im-cn-IƒAtymyw hmKvZmw sNoslashp-partXv hcopy--am-X-am-Ip-partp(^m-Xzniquest 40)

Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

Pemnot atcopycn

icn-bm-Wv Ckz-vemlv amkn-I-bnnotFgp-Xp-partXv ImWpI ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pn-partp-I-sfbpw apermilm-scbpw hnfn-regp-tX-Smge ]mSn-sradicpartpw ]miquestY--degp-Oslashcw evImge A-hiquest-degv Ign-bn-sradicpartpw Jpiquest-Bge sΩ ]Tn-prodn-degppartp (C-kz-vemlv amkn-I 2006 Unwk-_iquest adtradeamiquestKhpw kpradic-an-bpsS hnh-c-tdeg-Spw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemln t]Pv 6) ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhn-fnregp tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Cu tUmIvSiquest ChnsSFgp-Xp-partp Cu hnUvVnOslashw i_m-_nnot ]nSn-Iq-Sn-b-tprodmƒPnpartpw knlvdpw aS-hq-cn-I-fpsS Zpjv]-Nm-c-Whpw Fpartt]-cnnot Ctplusmnlw Xspart ]kn-leo-I-cnreg ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot-hn-fnregp tXSmge ]mSn-sradic-partpw ]dtrade mKw shacuten-am-permiln-bmWvF-gp-Xp-part-Xv

AXnssbquo ]qiquestW-cq]w ImWpI apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ Fhn-sS-bmWv Pnpartns hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-tradeXv Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw ]d-trade-Xmbn Cu Iasymp-hm-Zn-Iƒdegv sXfn-bn-degmge km[n-degptam adnregv Aradicm-lp-h-radicmOslash bmsXm-partn-tmSpw AXv Pnpartm-I-sacute hen-oslashm-Isacute ae-degm-Isacute hnfnregv]miquestYn-degp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSpasympq FpartmWv apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaq-lsOslash ]-Tnprodnregp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv aS-hq-cn-I-tf BSns ]acuten-bm-degppart nszlig-fpsS Cu hrOslashn-sIacute Xyenw hn kn Ipacuten-I-fp-sS ASpOslashp aXn apPm-ln-Zp-IƒdegnS-bnnot AXv sNe-hm-Inradic (Pnpartpw knlvdpw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemlnt]Pv 23) ]acutensb BSm-degp-hmge thnen ae-degp-IsfbpwPn-partp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Ckz-vem-lnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv Aacuten-a-dnregv Ah-X-cn-prodn-degp-I-bmWv tUm-IvSiquest Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot sNoslashp-part-Xv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degnot iniquestdegm-sWpartpw Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvamXta ]miquestYn-degp-hmge ]mSp-asympp-shpartpw kppartn-I-fnnot s]acutehen-sbmcp hn`mKw apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp-nev

CXp ]d-bp-hmge apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS ]asympn-Ifpw yumlm]--szligfpw kzOslashpw ssIh-i-sprod-SpOslashn ke^n thjw [cnregvS-degppart h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsS Bh-iy-an-radic ac-W-sprod--h-sc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip-vdp-am-Wv CXp-t]mse Xspart ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sf-

bpw hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip vdp-am-Wv CXp Xspart-bm-bn-cppartp apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHpartmw XnbXn sXmacutepasymp apJy ]t_m-[ hnj-bw ]asympn-bpw yumlm]--szligfpw Ahiquest niquestan-regXv CXv ]d-bp-hm-m-Wv ae-degp-I-fpsSbpw Pnpartp-I-fpsSbpw Ign-hnpartv Aprodp-d-apasympXv tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-iquest ]d-bp-partp ae-degnssbquobpw Pnpartp-I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hnssbquo]cn-[n-Iƒ nrsaquo-bn-degp-hmge apdegv km[y-a-sradicpartpw ChiquestXspart ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Ch-cpsS Cu ASnyumlm XXz-]-

Im-chpw ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp iniquestdegn-sbpwIp vdn-sbpw ]nSn-IqSn Xulo-Zm-degp-hmgeian-degp-part-hiquestdegv Hcp-Xcw AlsquoX _m[n-regn-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Chiquest FyenmWv ]d-bp-Ibpw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNoslashp-part-sXpartvChiquestdegpXspart Adn-bp-partn-radic

CkvXn-Km-kbpwaX-]-fin-X-summcpw

]qiquesthn-I-cmb andeg aX-]-fin-X-summcpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregv klmbwtXSn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv ka-kvX-bnse

apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp kXym-hkvY hnh-cn-degmtam

A_vZpnotI-cow sImregn

hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

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AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

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A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

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2010 Pqsse28

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

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(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

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`mK-ambn amdp-I-bm-Wv

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 19

iniquestdegv alm-]m-]-am-sWpartpw hradic-hpw iniquestdegv sN-bvXmnot Ahge Atszlig-bpermilw hgn-]n-g-regp-t]mbhm-sWpartpwhm-tem-I-Oslashp-npartv Xmtgm- p-ho-W-h-s-tprodm-se-bm-sWpartpwhniple Jpiquest-Bge ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Fpartmnot Rszligƒ iniquest-degv sNoslashp-partn-sradic-partmWv Ahiquest hmZn-degp-part-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Jpiquest-Bge iniquestdegm-sWpartv hyDagger-am-degnb Imcy-szligƒJpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kp-I-fp-sSbpw shfn-reg-Oslashnnot apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaiquestYn-degp-tordmmƒ Rszlig-fpsS t]cnnot iniquestdegm-tcm-]Ww S-Oslashp-I-bmWv nszlig-sfpartv ka-kvX(-Im-yen-]pcw -C sI hn`m-K-szligƒ) kwyumlm kppartnbpw apermilpkppartn-hn- m--K-szligfpw ]N-fi-amb ]Nm-cWw S-Oslashn-sdegm-nen-cn-degp-partp

GsX-paranepw hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegv Btcm-]n-degp-part-Xp-sImnev apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒdegv ]tXy-Inregv Hcp tacutehpw e`n-degm-n-radic Fpartmnot iniquestdegv GXv cq]-Oslashnnot Fhn-sS-npartvIS-partp-h-partmepw AXv iniquestdegm-sWpartv Xpd-partp-]-d-bm-pasympBiquestPhw apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ImWn-degm-dp-nev

iniquestdegnssbquo niquesth-Nw ]mam-Wn-I-K-Ÿ-szlig-fnepwka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnepw

Dpart-X-mb Aradicm-lp-hnv ]parap-Im-cs yumlm]n-degp-part-Xn-mWv iniquestsdegpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnnot Cpart hyDaggern]parap-tNiquestOslashp-shpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sm-dp-nev AXv Gpermilhpw henbAhn-izm-k-amWv (Anot ap vcZmOslashv t]Pv 259)

hnK-l-szligsf Bcm-[n-degnot amX-aradic iniquestdegv Fpartmnot]Xm-]-im-en-bmb nssbquo cpoundn-Xm-hnssbquo IqsS Ahge Hgn-sI-bp-asymp-Xns o sXc-strade-Sp-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (^p-Xq-lpnot ssKz_v aJme 7)

iniquestdegv sNoslashpI Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegvBcm-[--biquestprodn-degemWv bYmiquestY-Oslashnnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hge Bcm-[n-deg-sprod-Smge ]permilp-I-bn-radic (X vkodpnot I_oiquesthC-ZvJme epJvamge Fpart Bb-Oslashnssbquo hni-Zo-I-c-Ww)

temI apkvenw-Iƒ AwKo-I-cn-degppart KŸ-szlig-fnse C_m-d-Oslashp-I-fmWv apI-fnnot Dle-cn-reg-Xv Fpartmnot Xszligƒ sNoslashppart iniquestdegn-s- -iniquestdeg-sradicpartv ]dtradev ymbo-I-cn-degppartka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopound-W-szligƒ IqSn ImWp-I

Hcp hyDaggern Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degp-tordmmƒ amXtainiquestdegv hcp-partp-asympq Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv kzbw Ign-hp-snepartv hniz-kn-deg-emWv iniquestdegv (sIm- -prodpdw kwhmZw166 H Fw Xcp-h-W)

Bcm-[--degiquestl-mbn Aradicm-lpsh-tprodmse apermilp ]eXpwDsne-partpasymp hnizm-kw CXn-mWv iniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-b-sprod-Sp-partXv (Ciquestim-Zpnot C_m-Zv- -a-e-bmf ]cn- mj t]Pv 29 FwFw Cordmn-regn-tdegmb apkveymiquest)

tmdegp-I ka-kvX-degm-cpsS hopoundWOslashnnot HcphyDaggern acn-regmepw Csradic-paranepw Cem-lm-sWpartv hniz-knregv

F A_vZpnotAkokv aZn

iniquestdegvBtcm-]-Wtam bmYmiquestYytam

Atplusmn-l-tOslashmSv ]miquestYn-regmte iniquestdegv hcn-I-bp-asympq A]-Imcw Xspart kzbw Ignhv B hnfn-deg-sprod-Sppart BƒdegvDsnepartv hniz-kn-regmte iniquestdegm-hp-I-bp-asympq FX hnNn-X-amb Hcp hopound-W-am-WnXv Jpiquest-Bpw ap - n-dp-Ifpw]hm-N-Ige(k)-bpsS lZo-kp-Ifpw Cu hmZsOslash Jfin-degp-partp o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa nszligƒ hnfnregv]m-iquest-Yn-degppart nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Isfprodpermiln nszligƒ Nnyennregvtmdegp-I Cu qan-bnnot Fyenm-W-hiquest krjvSn-regn- p-asymp-sXpartvnszligƒ Fndegv ImWn-regp-X-cn-I AX-radic BIm-i-szlig-fnnotAhiquestdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem AX-radic mw Ahiquestdegv hradic-K-Ÿhpw notIn-bn v AXnnot npartpasymp sXfn-h-p-k-cn-regmtWmAhiquest ne-sIm-asympp-partXv Fpartmnot AI-a-Im-cn-IƒAtymyw hmKvZmw sNoslashp-partXv hcopy--am-X-am-Ip-partp(^m-Xzniquest 40)

Aradicmlp XBem Xssbquo ]hm-N-Ige apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSv ]d-bp-partp nszlig-fpsS P-X-bnse apivcndegp-I-tfmSv apl-Ω-tZ o ]d-bp-I Aradicm-lp-hns IqSmsXnszligƒ ]miquestYn-regn-cpparthcmb nszlig-fpsS ]parap-Imiquest `qan-bnnot npartpw FyenmWv krjvSn-reg-sXpartv nszligƒ FndegvImWn-regp-X-cp-hoge BIm-i-szlig-fpsS krjvSnprodnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo IqsS nszlig-fpsS ]param-fn-Iƒdegv hradic ]parap-aptnem(X vkoiquest Xz_vcn)

Cu hnK-l-szligƒ Ign-tradep-t]mb ]pWy-]p-cp-j-summ-scbpw ]fin-X-summ-scbpw ]Xn-n-[mw sNoslashp-part-h-cm-bn-cp-partp B hnK-l-szlig-sf Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cp-partXv ac-W-sprod- p-t]mb B ]fin-X-summcpw ]pWym-flm-degfpw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-degnot Ah-cpsS ip]miquesti-degm-cm-hp-saparthnizm-k-tOslashm-sS-bm-bn-cp-partp (A-Oslash vkodpnot I_oiquest 37726)

Aradicmlp Ahssbquo GI-Xzhpw krjvSn-prodv nb-yenWwB[n-]Xyw Fpart-n-hbn-epasymp ]qiquestWm-h-Im-ihpw kaiquestYn-degp-partp Aradicm-lp-h-radicmsX Hcp Bcm-[y-n-sradicpartpw Ah--radicmsX Bcm-[ Ah-Im-i-sprod- -X-sradicpartpw Ahv Hcp ]parap-Im-c-p-an-sradic-partp-apasymp bmYmiquestYy-Oslashn-tedegv Ahsc bn-degp-part-Xnv thnen-bm-W-Xv AXp-sIm-nep-Xspart Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo d_q-_n-oslashOslashv (kr-jvSn-prodv kwc-pound-Ww) AwKo-I-cn-degppart Fpartmnot Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hsc Bcm-[n-degppartapivcndegp-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-mbn apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-tbmSvAhge ]dtrade hmdegp-I-fm-Wn-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo dp_q-_n-oslash-Oslashnse GIXzw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-sreg-paranepw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Deq-ln-oslash-Oslashnse (B-cm-[-) GIXzw AhiquestAwKo-I-cn-regn-cp-partn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ASp-deg-tedegvRszligsf ASp-prodn-degmgeth-nen-bmWv Rszligƒ Chsc Bcm-[n-degp-partXv Fpartm-bn-cppartp Ahiquest ]d-traden-cp-partXv (C-_vp-I-koiquest t]Pv 252 hm 3)

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

Dpart-X-mb Aradicmlp ]d-bppartp hnK-l-szlig-sfbpw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX ae-deg-pI-fnnotnpartpw ap-jy-cnnotnpartpwPnpartp-I-fnnotnpartpw Ahiquest Bcm-[n-regn-cppart Ayeny-m-fnsntj-[n-regn-cppart Cu Iqacutesc mw Hcp-an-regq-Iq- ppart Znh-kw˛Ah-tcmSv nszlig-fmtWm Chsc hgn-sX-permiln-regn-cp-part-sXpartv tNmZn-degpw Cuk Dsskiquest ae-degp-Iƒ Fpartn-hiquest AXnnot Dƒ-sprod-Spw (Xz_vcn 1428)

ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta ]mSp-asympq-shpartpw AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv S-Oslashn-bmnotiniquestdegm-sWpartpw Jpiquest-Bpw lZokpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Jpiquest--B --npw lZo-knpw IS-I-hn-cp-le-amb Imcy-szlig-fmWv ame--au-en-Zv- -dm-Oslasho-_v- -l-plusmnm-Zv- -JpXzv_noslashOslashv XpS-szlignb poundpZ-

Ir-Xn-I-fnnot ImW-sprod-Sp-part-Xv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo hnti-j-W-szligƒt]mepw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv notI-sprod-SppartAXn-hn-Nn-X-amb hmZ-szlig-fmWv kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot hpartp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv Aradicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-knnot ]d-bppartp Hcp ASna ]pWy-Iiquesta-szligƒsImnev Fpartn-tedegv ASp-Oslashmnot Ahge ]nSn-degppart Ioslashpw S-degppart Imepw tIƒdegppart ImXpw RmmIpw Fpartv ]d-trade-XnssbquoXm-not-]cyw Ahssbquo ImXnssbquo yumlmOslashv Aradicmlp XB-e-bmWv Fpart-radic-tradicm AXv Akw- -hy-hp-am-Wv AXnssbquoDtplusmniyw Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]mse yumle i_vZ-hy-Xym-k-sasy tIƒdegmge km[n-degp-sa-part-XmWv (Po-emge ssiJv Poemn kπn-sasbquo v)

Poemge kπn-sasbquonnot aplvbnplusmnoge Ipgn-prodpdw Fgp-XnbHcp teJ--Oslashnssbquo GXmpw hcn-I-fmWv apI-fnnot sImSp-Oslash-Xv tmdegp-I Jpiquest-B-nssbquo znv nc-degmOslash Imcy-atradic Cu kπn-sasbquonnot notI-sprod- -Xv Aradicmlp ]d-bppartpBI-bmnot nszligƒ Aradicm-lp-hnv D]-a-Iƒ ]d-b-cp-XvXoiquestreg-bmbpw Aradicmlp Adn-bp-partp nszligƒ Adn-bp-partnradic(lvnot 74)

CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-degp-part-Xnv Xspart-btradiciniquestdegv Fpartv ]d-bp-part-Xv Cn ]d-bp-I CXv Btcm-]-W-amtWm AtXm bmYmiquestYytam Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xp-t]mse Hcp Imcyhpw krjvSn-Iƒdegn-radicm-sbpartv kpparto-]-kn-leo-I-c-W-szligƒXspart hyDagger-am-degp-partp

ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSn-sradicpart hnizm-k-a-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cmWv apkvenw-Iƒ (t]Pv 167)]miquestY Aradicm-lp-thmsS ]mSp-asympq-shpartv hniz-kn-degp-part-hcpw AX-p-k-cnregv ]hiquestOslashn-degp-part-h-cp-amWv apkvenw-Iƒ(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv t]Pv 133)

AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-W-am-Wv AXv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-hiquestdegv Adn-bp-sapartvhniz-kn-regmnot AXv iniquestdegp-Xspart kqd-Oslashp-partw-ennot ]d-bp-partp _n-tb ]d-bpI Aradicm-lp-hradicmsX BIm-i-szlig-fnepw qan-bnepw Dasymp-h-cmcpw AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bp-I-bn-radic Xszligƒ FpartmWv DbniquestsOslash-gp-tpart-ev]n-deg-sprod-SpI FpartpwAhiquestdeg-dn-bp-I-bn-radic (kq-d-Xp-partwev 65)

X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

W-amWv (X vkodpnot aZm-cn-Iv t]Pv 127 hm 4)3 AZriyw Adn-bp-I-sb-partXv Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]tXy-

I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

ame-bnepw cn^mCu ame-bn-ep-asymp-XvIpprodn-b-I-Oslashpsasymp hkvXp-hn-s-tprodmseImumlamge Rmge nszligsf Jnot_Iw Ftpartm-hiquesttImgn-tdegm- p-Im-cge JmZn apl-Ω-Znssbquo Cu ame-prodm- ns

ymbo-I-cn-regp-sImnev Poemn kπn-sasbquo v teJ-Ipw knFw hen-oslashp-radicmln kvac-WnI teJ-Ipw Fgp-Xn-hn- n-cn-degp-partp Fpartn v CsXmsdeg iniquestdegm-tcm-]-W-am-sWpartv Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xn-se bpDaggern Fyenm-Wmthm ]hm-N-I-summiquestdegvt]mepw ssKz_v(-A-Zr-iyw) Adn-bn-sradic-part-Xnv nc-h-[n kw -

h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

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hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

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asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

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IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

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adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

d_o-Dnot Ahnot amk-Oslashnnot DZn-prodn-reg-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege Xspart-bp-a-radic kiquesth-tem-I-szligfpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnpapordmmbn Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]Imiw (qiquest) Dnem-degp-Ibpw]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv ma-I-cWwsNbvX-h-p-am-b-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege CXm-Wn-XnssbquoAiquestYw ]spound hniple Jpiquest-B-n-s XInSw adn-degm-pasymp ia-Oslashnssbquo mK-ambpasymp Hcp Ap-I-c-W-am-Wn-hnsSImWp-part-Xv Jpiquest-B-nse kqd-Oslashpnot Ckvdm-Cse Hpartm-asOslash BbOslashpw ageIqkv auen-Znssbquo BZysOslash Cuhmdegp-Ifpw a- n-cpOslashn Hpartv hmbnregp tmdegq XnIregpwJpiquest-B-n-tmSv InS-]n-Sn-degm-pasymp KqV iaw AXnnot Hfn-tradep-In-S-degp-part-Xmbn t_m-[y-sprod-Spw AsX Jpiquest-Bge hN--szligsftprodmse sIacuten-degq-acuten-bp-nemdegn _n(-k)-bpsSaZvlmWv ]d-bp-part-sXpartv hymtP CkvemansOslashspart Ifn-bm-degp-I-bm-Wn-hiquest Aszlig-s-bm-W-hiquest t]Sn-kz]vszligfpwDddegw sISp-Oslashn-I-fp-am-b-Xv kiquesth-tem-Iszlig-sfbpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnp apordmv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-bpsS Hfnhv (qiquest)krjvSn-regp-nem-degn-sbpartpw ]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hmWv ma-I-cWw sNbvX-sX-partp-amWvaueq-Zp-Im-cge Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)bpsSPw Dnem-b-tprodm-tgdegpw ]nXm-hmb A_vZpradic ac-W-sprod-acuten-cp-partp-shpartpw Aszligs Ipacutendegv apl-ΩZv Fpartv t]cp-hn-fn-regXv ]nXm-a-l-mb A_vZpnot apOslash-en-_m-sWpartpamWvNcnXkXyw Cu aueqZv A]qiquestW-a-sradic-parante Acurrenp-X-ap-asympq Asradic-paranepw cN-bn-Xmhv Bsc-part-dn-bmOslash Ipprod-IƒIb-permilnb Iprod-e-sradic apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mbnntbm-Knreg tijw Ah-X-cn-prodn-reg Jpiquest-B-nnot BZysOslashap-jy-kr-jvSn-bmbn BZ-an-s-bmWv ]cn-N-b-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-part-Xv Fpartmnot aueo-Znnot apl-ΩZv _n-bpsS ]Im-ihpwCOslashcw A_-le-szlig-ƒ ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hmge Imordm-bn-p-I-fp-nem-degp-parthiquest kppartOslashpPam-AOslashv CsXmpartpw icn-b-sradicpartp]d-bp-part-hiquest Zonssbquo ]pdOslashv Fsyenmcp sXmen-degacuten

apeqZv XpScmw h AJvd-Plp ^o BJn-cn- -amnIam Jplusmnd h A_vZm AiquestYw Atplusmn-lsOslash AradicmlpCu Ah-km--Im-e-L- -Oslashnnot AhgeI-degmdegn nrsaquonreg]Imcw ChnsS sImnep-h-partp IqSm-sX h Anot_-klpJnnotAOslashnot Pam-en-radicXo ew bpnot_nkvlm Al-ZmAsX Atplusmn-lsOslash Ahge Ae-param-c-Oslashnssbquo hkvX-szlig-fnnot npartpw apermilm-scbpw [cn-prodn-regn- n-radicm-OslashXv [cn-prodn-degp-IbpwsNbvXp tmdegpI kXy-hp-ambn CXnpartv hradic _lsquo-hp-aptnem Aradicmlp ap-jy-cnnot Gpermil-hp-a-[nIw wKn evIn-bXv bqkp v(A) _n-degm-Wv Fpartmnot ChnsS ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n-bm-sWpartpw Icp-Xn-degqacuten pW-Iƒniquestan-regp-nemdegn Ah-X-cn-prodn-regXv ]mSn S-degm-pasymp Ch-cpsS Niquesta Lw A]mcw Xspart

hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

samgnregp ]d-bpI B hmN-I-hpw AXn-XmWv euemdegeuemdeg eam Je-IvOslashpnot A vemdegv AiquestYw ]hm-N-I-tc Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Cu ]]-copy-sOslash-Oslashspart krjvSndegp-am-bn-cp-partn-sradic-partv Aradicmlp _n(-k)tbmSv ]]copy aJn-ehpwkrjvSnregXnssbquo nanOslashw ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n Dnem-b-Xp-sIm-nem-sW-partv CXnepw hen-sbmcp pWbpw Bpermilw-t_mw-_p-aptnem _n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXm AtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregp tmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmw Bkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-IpartvIgn-trade-Xp-an-radic Fpartnacutepw aZvlpIƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bppart NpW-degp- -summiquest COslashcw euemdeg euemdeg Dd-sdeg-bp-dsdeg]mSn-prod-d-bp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp hmdegp-Iƒ sImnev AΩm--am-Sppart hlm-_n-I-fpsS t]Sn-kz-]v-szligƒ hnfn-regp-Iq-hppartCu euemdegbpsS nP-yumlnXnsbsyenpartv Ahiquest Kun-degp-partn-radic auenZv XS-cppartp ^ hpenZ _n hPvlnnotAJvPe Ja-dmge h^iquest JZm Aem lph-radicZo Xh- e_nln-B-Zw h vX-Jd _n Iunlo Jmen-Zge hkvX-Kmk _nlo qlpge ^Pm annot dZm hIm-^okzpnot_n C_vdmlow Asseln emw lo Dnotdegnb^npartm-cn BZ hkmd elv_p^m apJva-Zm AsXAszligs Atplusmnlw ]qiquestW Nmicro-sbpw [ph-]-tZ-iOslashvDbiquestpartp nevdegppart pound-X-sOslashbpw mWn-prodn-degppart apJ-hp-ambn ChnsS ]nd-partp Adn-bp-I Atplusmn-lsOslashsdegmnevBZw Xh- pnot sNoslashp-Ibpw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]nXm-hm-ImgeIgn-trade-Xnnot A`n-amw sImasympp-Ibpw sNbvXp IqSmsXqlv(-A) Atplusmn-l-sOslash-sdegmnev CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashn-b-Xn-m-emWv alm hn]-Oslashnnot npartv (]-f-b-Oslashnnot npartv) cpound-sprod- -Xv Xspart-bp-a-radic Atplusmnlw C_vdmlow(A)-bpsS apXp-Innot Dnem-bn-cp-part-Xn-m-emWv AmiddotnIpfimcw XWpOslashvsI -Sszlign cpound-sprod- -Xv lm Fyenm-Wn-hiquest ]d-bp-part-sXpartvAh-c-dn-bp-partn-radic tNmdpw ssIa-Sdegpw In n-bmnot GXv hymP-hm-tdm-e-Ifpw Cu XmPpnot De-am-degƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bpw

(Xp-S-cpw)

AXpw CXp-amhmwIiquesta-imkvX ]c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot AgsIm-g-ordmge

bw BZiquesti-am-degnb ]yumlm--amWv Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an Ckvem-anssbquo t]cp-]-d-tradep-sIm-nepasymp Pam-A-OslashnssbquoCOslashcw hnI-e-hm-Z-szligsf Ckvemlo ]yumlmw Fdegm-eOslashpw FXniquestOslashpt]m-partn- p-nev Fpartmnot Cu ]hiquestOslash--szlig-fpsS t]cnnot Pam-A-Oslashp-Imiquestt]mepw Xszlig-fpsS Hpartmwordmiquest iXp-hmbn hnti-jn-prodnreg sF Fkv FΩn-p-tscCS-degm-eOslashv Nne Cd-degp-aXn agel-Pp-Imiquest GXmpwBtcm-]-W-szlig-fp-part-bn-regp sF Fkv FΩnssbquo BZiquesti-t]m-cmacutew Xszlig-fpsS Hfn-b-P-nedegv hnLm-X-am-Ip-sapart BiparaImc-Ww sF Fkv FΩns mam-h-ti-j-am-degp-I-bm-bn-cppartp Cu agel-Pp-Im-cpsS Btcm-]-W-szligƒdegv t]c-W-bm-b-Xv AXn-mbn Dpart-bnreg Btcm-]-W-szlig-fpsS Iq -OslashnnotGpermilhpw ][m--sprod- Xpw IuXp-I-I-c-hp-amb Hcp Btcm-]-W-am-bn-cppartp sF Fkv Fw CJvhmn-k-Oslashnssbquo ]nSn-b-a-e-aiquestpartp Fpart-Xv

Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an-bpsS aspermilmcp ]Xn-prodmbn sF

Poh-Im-cpWy ]hiquestOslash--szlig-fpsS Ckvem-anI ]m[myw Dƒsdegm-asympp-Ibpw ]Tn-prodn-degp-Ibpw ]mhiquest Oslashn-I-am-degp-Ibpw sNbvX ]yumlm--amWv tIcf Zvh OslashpnotapPm-ln-Zoge apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnv Poh-Im-cp-Wy-]-hiquestOslash--an-radicmOslash Hcp Ime-L- hpw Dnem-bn- n-radic

(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

Bi-b-szligƒsdeg-Xnsc IS-partm-I-a-W-ap-nem-bmnotAXnssbquo t]cnnot nbaw Ioslashn-se-Sp-degp-partXpw Bbp-[-sa-Sp-degp-partXpw Ckvem-anssbquo b-a-radic Bi-bsOslash Bi-bw-X-sImnev Xspart-bmWv ]Xn-tcm-[n-tdeg-ne-Xv

(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

Pm-[n-]-Xy-Oslashn-eq-sS-b-radic tXmdegnge Ipg-en-eq-sS-bmWv hnπhw htc-ne-sXpart b-apasymp kn ]n FΩnvPam-A-Oslashnssbquo Pm-[n-]Xy hncp-leX ]d-bmge Fyeniquestl-X-bm-Wp-asympXv ]mte-cn-bnepw IAEligq-cnepw kao-]-Im-eOslashv]miquestacuten S-Oslashnb nb-a-ew-Lw t]mse GsX-paran-ep-sampartv Pam-A-Oslashn-s-degp-dnregv ]d-bmge Ign-bptam

(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

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2010 Pqsse30

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13 t]Pv 11)

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kv]c hncp-le-am-Ippart Ap- hw Pam-AOslashv ]miquest n-bpsS Pn-XI LS--bpsS

`mK-ambn amdp-I-bm-Wv

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse20

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo krjvSn-prodn-s-tbm ]c-am-[n-Im-c-sOslash-tbmadegm apivcndegp-Iƒ ntj-[n-regn-cp-partn-radic Fpartnacutepw apivcndegp-Iƒ Fpart ]tbmKw Ahiquestdegv notI-sprod- Xv Fyenp-sIm-sne-partv Nnyenn-degp-I

ka-kvX-degm-cpsS ]fin-X-mbncppart aiquestlqw apl-ΩZvapkveymiquest Iqpermil-mSv Xssbquo ]cn- m-j-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv tmdegp-I Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I qanbpw AXn-epasymphcpw Biquestdegp-asymp-XmWv nszligƒ Adn-hp-asymp-h-cm-sW-parannot ]d-bq Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-Xm-sWpartv Ahiquest DOslashcw notIpw Ggv BIm-i-szlig-fp-sSbpw al-Oslashmb Aiquestin-ssbquobpw mYge Bcm-sW-partpw Xmparaƒ tNmZn-degp-I Ahiquest ]d-bpw Aradicm-lp-hn-p-asymp-XmWv (^Xvlpiquestdlvamge ]cn- mj ˛ sI hn apl-ΩZvap-kveymiquest Iqpermil-m-Sv) AJne ]]-copy-Oslashn-ssbquobpw kjvSmhpw mYpw DS-a-yumlpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sWpartv adegm-apivcndegp-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degp--partpnev (^Xvlpnot-Aeow 7492)

]]copy kjvSmhpw nb-yenmhpw Aradicm-lp-hm-sW-part-hiquest hniz-kn-regn-cp-partp (_-bm-pnot Jpiquest-Bge 4851) Atprodmƒadegm-apivcndegp-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-degm-Xn-cppart Imcyw Bcm-[Aradicm-lp-hn-p-amXw AYhm ]miquestY Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvam-Xw Fpart-Xm-bn-cp-partp AXp-X-spart-btradic kakvX kw-yumlm kppartn-Ifpw kΩ-Xn-degm-Oslash-Xv Atprodmƒ Cu hn`m-K-szlig-fnnot Inep-h-cppart iniquestdegv Btcm-]-W-a-radic- -bm-YmiquestYywXspart-sbpartv Ghiquestdegpw t_m[y-sprod-Spw Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-partXv AXv Btcm-Sm-sW-paranepw iniquest-degp-X-spart Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv ImWp-I Ah-scbpwA-radicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Ahiquest Bcm-[n-degppart hsbbpw A-hge Hcp-an-regp-Iq- ppart Znhkw (i-tle-b-am-Ip-partp) Fpartn- -hge (B-cm-[y-tcm-Sv) ]dbpw Fssbquo Cu Zmk-summsc nszligƒhgn-]n-g-prodn-reg-XmtWm AXradic AhiquestXspart hgn-sX-permiln-tprodm-b-XmtWm (^piquestJmge 17)

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ZpB(-]miquestY-) FpartXv C_m-ZOslashv (B-cm-[-) FpartA-iquestY-Oslashnnot [mcm-f-ambn Jpiquest-B-nnot hpartn-acutep-nevpAvamp-_vge_-joiquest dntprodmiquest v sNbvX lZo-knnot C]-Imcw hpartn- p-nev _n(-k) ]dtradep Xoiquestreg-bmbpw ]miquestY- AXp-X-spart-bmWv Bcm-[- Fpartn v hJme dintp-Ip-ap-Zv-Duo AkvX-Pn_veIpw Fpart BbOslashv Atplusmnlw ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp kqd-Xpnot apAvange 60˛mw hN--Oslashnnot]d--bppartp nszligƒ FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-degp-hoge Rmgenszligƒ-degv DOslashcw sNoslashpw(Sn sI A_vZpradic aue-hn-bpsS]cn- m-j t]Pv 476) FtpartmSv ]miquestYn-regmnot ]miquestYn-degp-part-hssbquo ]miquestY-degv Rmge DOslashcw notIpw (Sn sI 32)kqd-Xpnot ^piquestJmge 77- mw hNw tmdegp-I nszlig-fpsS]miquestY Ah-tmSv hnj-a-L- -Oslashnnot Cradicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannotAhge nszligsf Kun-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (]-cn- mj Sn sIA_vZpradic auehn 369)

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CjvS-Zm-kssbquo IAEligpw ImXpw Ioslashpw Rmm-Ip-sapartv A-radicmlp JpZvknbmb lZo-kn-eqsS ]d-tradeXv tcsOslash mwa- n-em-degn-bn-acutep-nev Aradicmlp tIƒdegp-part-Xp-t]msetIƒdegp-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-I-bpw sNoslashpIFpartmWv CXnssbquo hnh-pound-sbpartv ]fin-X-summiquest hnh-cn-regn-acutep-nev (kn Fw kvac-Wn-I t]Pv 39)

Cn sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvam-Cunot apkveymiquest Fgp-Xn-bXv IqSn hmbn-degp-I Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo kOslash-t]mse aspermilmcpkOslash-bp-snepartv hniz-kn-degnot aspermilmcp Cem-lnnot hniz-kn-deg-em-Wv A]-Imcw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo KpW-szlig-sf-tprodmseKpW-szlig-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm Ahssbquo ]hr-Oslashn-Isftprodmse]hiquestOslashn-I-fp-asymp-h-cp-snetpartm hniz-kn-degnot Aradicm-lp-hn-s-degq-SmsX apermilp Cem-lp-Isf AwKo-I-cn-deg-emhpw (Xu-loZv Hcp ka-K-]-T-w t]Pv 38 ]Xnprodv 3)

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ssek-I-ankvenln ssiDge hlp-h- -ao-Dnot _kzoiquest(A-h-s-tprodmse Hcp km[-hpw Cradic Ahge Fradicmw tIƒ-degp-part-hpw ImWp-part-h-p-am-Ippartp (kqdraquoqdm 11 sI hnbpsS Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj 1695) kpparto aZvd-k-I-fnnot A-radicm-lp-hnv hmPn-_mb kzn^m-Oslashp-I-fnnot ]Tn-prodn-degppartmem-asOslash kzn Oslashv apJm-e- -Oslashpge ennotJ-em-CJn (kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv Fradicm nedegpw hyXym-k-sprod- -hge) Fpartm-Wvh-ew-b-Ipge elp Ip^p-hge AlZv (A-h-tmSv Xpey-m-bn Bcpw Hpartpw Cradic (Iq-permil-m-Snssbquo Jpiquest-Bge ]cn- mj6495) Ahge kiquesth-kr-jvSn-I-fnnot npartpw Fradicm hn-t[-bpw hyXym-k-sprod- -h-mWv (in-Yn-e Nnyen-Iƒ˛Nnyenm-m--b-Iiquest t]Pv 14 ]n Fkv sI sambvXp _mJhn amS-h-)

kpparto ]kn-leo-I-c-W-szlig-fnnot ]d-bppart AtX ImcywapPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]d-trademnot AsX-szlign-s-bm-Wv Btcm-]-W-am-hpI Hcp hn`m-K-tOslashmSpasymp hntZzjw AoXn ImWn-degmge nszligsf t]cn-prodn-degm-Xn-cn-degsacute Fpart Jpiquest-B-nIhNw ka-kvX- -kw-yumlm kppartn-Itf Cn-sb-paranepwnszligƒ HmiquestOslashn-cn-degp-I Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcm-Spasymp ]miquestY-sb kw_-lsquonregv ka-kvX-bpsS ]g-b-Ime tXmhv

2010 Pqsse 21

djo-Zp-plusmnoge sI AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv Fpart IrXn-bnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWp-I J_vdnnot InS-degppart hen-oslashn-tmSv apkvenw-Iƒ ]miquestYn-degp-partn-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest apkven-a-radic (AnotJu-ep- -Zo-Zv t]Pv 89) alm-flm-deg-tfm-Spasymp]miquestY iniquestdegm-sWpartv AwKo-I-cn-degppartp (t] 100)

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X vkodp-Iƒ ]d-bp-partXv tmdegpI1 Aradicmlp AZriyw Adn-bnotsImnev Xn-reg-hge BWv

(X vkoiquest ss_Zm-hn)2 AZriyw Adn-bnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo amXw hnti-j-

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I-X-bm-Wv (dmkn 211 hm 21)Ch-bpsS mcm-b-th-c-dp-degppart hcn-I-fmWv aplvbnplusmnoge

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h-szligƒ Jpiquest-Bge Dle-cn-regn- p-nevkqdXv lqZv 69 70 Fparto hN--szlig-fnnot hpartXv ImWpI

ΩpsS ZqX-summiquest C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ASpOslashv ktyenm-j-hmiquestOslash-bpw-sImnev hcn-I-bp-nem-bn Ahiquest ]d-tradep kemwAtplusmnlw ]Xn-h-Nn-regp kemw sshIn-bn-radic Atplusmnlw Hcps]mcnreg aqcn-degp- nsb sImnep-h-partp Fpartn v Ah-cpsSssIIƒ AXn-tedegv ofp-partn-sradicpartv Ine-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnv Ah-sc-prodpermiln bw-tXm-partp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ahiquest ]d-tradep b-sprod-tS-ne Rszligƒ eqXznssbquo P-X-bn-tedegv ntbm-Kn-deg-sprod- n-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Xssbquo hoacutennot hpart-hiquest ae-degp-I-fm-sWpartv C_vdmlow _n(-A) Adn-traden-cp-partn-radic Adn-traden-cp-spart-parannot Hcp hrYm-th-edegv Atplusmnlw nnotdegp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic-tradicm Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ pound-W-Oslash-fn-I-bn-tedegvofm-OslashXv Ine-tprodmƒ C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv `bwtXmpartn-bXv C_vdmlow _n(-A)degv ssKz_v (A-Zr-iyw)Adn-bm-Oslash-Xp-sIm-nem-bn-cp-part-tradicm Ccn-prodn-S-Oslashnnot acnregkpsse-amge _n(-A)-bpsS ac-W-hn-h-cw-t]mepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo apordmn-en-cppartv sIacuten-S-niquestam-W-Oslashnnot Giquestsprod- n-cppartPnpartp-Iƒ Adn-tradenradic Fpart kw`hw Adnbn-degp-part-sX-yenmWv kqdOslashv k_Av 14- mw hN--Oslashnnot ]d-bp-partpmw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo tanot acWw hn[n-reg-tprodmƒ Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo Dupart-hSn Xnpartp-sIm-nen-cppart NnXnot amX-amWvAtplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ac-W-sOslash-prodpermiln Ahiquestdegv (Pn-partp-Iƒdegv) Adn-hp-notIn-b-Xv

Aszligs Atplusmnlw hoW-tprodmƒ Xszligƒdegv AZr-iy-Imcyw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot A]-am--I-c-amb inpound-bnnotI-gnregp Iqtacute-nen-h-cn-radicm-bn-cp-spartpartv Pnpartp-Iƒdegvt_m[y-ambn k_Av Fpart ]tZ-iOslashv Hcp cmfrasln-bp-snepartpw Ahfpw Ahn-SpsOslash P-szligfpw Bcm-[n-degp-partXvkqcy-s-bm-sW-partp-apasymp hnhcw kpsse-amge _n(-A)Adn-bp-partXv lpZvlpZv ]poundn ]d-trade-tprodmƒ amX-am-bn-cp-spartpartpw apdegv Adn-bnregv Xcp-partXv kpsse-amge _n(-k)degv ssKz_v AYhm AZriyw Adn-traden-cp-partn-sradic-partmWv

(Xp-S-cpw)

apkvenw kaq-lsOslash iniquestdegnepw_nZv-A-Oslashnepw Xf-regn-Sp-hmpw AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS Ioi hoiquestprodn-degmpwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveymdeg-summiquest FradicmImehpw ian-regn-acutep-nev Aradicm-lp-hnnotnpartv apkvenw P-km-am-ysOslashAI-permilp-hmpw apJv_d-I-fn-tedegpw Pmd-szlig-fn-tedegpw Ahsc ASp-prodn-degpI hgniniquestdegge BNm-c-szligƒ hfiquestOslashp-hmpwkmordm-OslashnI tacute-ap -nem-degmpwChiquestdegv km[n-regn- p-nev tIc-f-Oslashn-e-tszligm-f-an-tszligmfw AIOslashv Bfp-asympXpwBfn-radicm-OslashXpw t]cp-asympXpw t]cn-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Htacutesd IumlIq--Iƒ Isne-

ss^knot Ndeg-c-degradicv

Pmd-szligƒ Alsquo-hn-izm-k-tI-micro-szligƒOslashp-Ibpw AXnssbquo t]cnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-epasymp Am-Nm-c-szligfpw Iasymp-deg-dm-a-Oslashp-Ifpw sIacuten-bp-nem-degp-IbpwsNbvXn- pnev bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest

IAEligqiquest Pnradic-bn-sem-cn-SOslashv HcpaumlIq Isne-Oslashp-Ibpw AXnnot InS-degppart almssbquo t]cv Isne-Oslashmge Hcp]mX-Oslashnnot ]Oslashv t]cp-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-Sp-Ibpw AXn-sempartv dp-degn-s -Sp-degp-Ibpw sNbvsXpartv AXnssbquo apgeIme]cn-]m-eI IΩn-permiln-bnse Hcmƒ Ap-`hw ]parap-sh-degp-I-bp-nem-bn Inacutenbt]cv Aen hen-oslashpradicm tIc-f-OslashnnotCszligs ]e aJv_d-Iƒdegpw Bsc-

paranepw t]iquest notIp-Itbm tI v tIƒhn-bpasymp t]cp-Iƒ Xspart BhiquestOslashn-regn-Sp-Itbm sNbvXn- p-nev amen-Ip_vpZo-m-dnssbquo t]cnepasymp aJv_-d-Iƒ tIc-f-Oslashnnot ]e-bn-S-szlig-fn-ep-ap-nev

aJv_d-Iƒ ]e-tprodmgpw Htc Xc-Oslashn-epasymp BNm-c-szlig-fm-hp-tordmmƒXmev]-cy-ap-nem-hn-radic-tradicm Alsquo-hn-izmkw hf-cmpw hfiquestOslashmpw BNm-c-szlig-fnnot hyXykvXX thW-a-tradicmAXn-pasymp hssdpermiln t]mKm-ap-I-fmWvPmd-szlig-fnnot Ac-tszlig-dp-part-Xv (A-radicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fnnot a-kvIm-chpw Jpiquest-Bge ]mcm-b-Whpw Fradicm ]g-b-Xp-t]m-

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

Pemnot atcopycn

icn-bm-Wv Ckz-vemlv amkn-I-bnnotFgp-Xp-partXv ImWpI ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pn-partp-I-sfbpw apermilm-scbpw hnfn-regp-tX-Smge ]mSn-sradicpartpw ]miquestY--degp-Oslashcw evImge A-hiquest-degv Ign-bn-sradicpartpw Jpiquest-Bge sΩ ]Tn-prodn-degppartp (C-kz-vemlv amkn-I 2006 Unwk-_iquest adtradeamiquestKhpw kpradic-an-bpsS hnh-c-tdeg-Spw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemln t]Pv 6) ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhn-fnregp tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Cu tUmIvSiquest ChnsSFgp-Xp-partp Cu hnUvVnOslashw i_m-_nnot ]nSn-Iq-Sn-b-tprodmƒPnpartpw knlvdpw aS-hq-cn-I-fpsS Zpjv]-Nm-c-Whpw Fpartt]-cnnot Ctplusmnlw Xspart ]kn-leo-I-cnreg ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot-hn-fnregp tXSmge ]mSn-sradic-partpw ]dtrade mKw shacuten-am-permiln-bmWvF-gp-Xp-part-Xv

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CkvXn-Km-kbpwaX-]-fin-X-summcpw

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apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp kXym-hkvY hnh-cn-degmtam

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hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

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IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

d_o-Dnot Ahnot amk-Oslashnnot DZn-prodn-reg-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege Xspart-bp-a-radic kiquesth-tem-I-szligfpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnpapordmmbn Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]Imiw (qiquest) Dnem-degp-Ibpw]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv ma-I-cWwsNbvX-h-p-am-b-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege CXm-Wn-XnssbquoAiquestYw ]spound hniple Jpiquest-B-n-s XInSw adn-degm-pasymp ia-Oslashnssbquo mK-ambpasymp Hcp Ap-I-c-W-am-Wn-hnsSImWp-part-Xv Jpiquest-B-nse kqd-Oslashpnot Ckvdm-Cse Hpartm-asOslash BbOslashpw ageIqkv auen-Znssbquo BZysOslash Cuhmdegp-Ifpw a- n-cpOslashn Hpartv hmbnregp tmdegq XnIregpwJpiquest-B-n-tmSv InS-]n-Sn-degm-pasymp KqV iaw AXnnot Hfn-tradep-In-S-degp-part-Xmbn t_m-[y-sprod-Spw AsX Jpiquest-Bge hN--szligsftprodmse sIacuten-degq-acuten-bp-nemdegn _n(-k)-bpsSaZvlmWv ]d-bp-part-sXpartv hymtP CkvemansOslashspart Ifn-bm-degp-I-bm-Wn-hiquest Aszlig-s-bm-W-hiquest t]Sn-kz]vszligfpwDddegw sISp-Oslashn-I-fp-am-b-Xv kiquesth-tem-Iszlig-sfbpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnp apordmv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-bpsS Hfnhv (qiquest)krjvSn-regp-nem-degn-sbpartpw ]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hmWv ma-I-cWw sNbvX-sX-partp-amWvaueq-Zp-Im-cge Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)bpsSPw Dnem-b-tprodm-tgdegpw ]nXm-hmb A_vZpradic ac-W-sprod-acuten-cp-partp-shpartpw Aszligs Ipacutendegv apl-ΩZv Fpartv t]cp-hn-fn-regXv ]nXm-a-l-mb A_vZpnot apOslash-en-_m-sWpartpamWvNcnXkXyw Cu aueqZv A]qiquestW-a-sradic-parante Acurrenp-X-ap-asympq Asradic-paranepw cN-bn-Xmhv Bsc-part-dn-bmOslash Ipprod-IƒIb-permilnb Iprod-e-sradic apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mbnntbm-Knreg tijw Ah-X-cn-prodn-reg Jpiquest-B-nnot BZysOslashap-jy-kr-jvSn-bmbn BZ-an-s-bmWv ]cn-N-b-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-part-Xv Fpartmnot aueo-Znnot apl-ΩZv _n-bpsS ]Im-ihpwCOslashcw A_-le-szlig-ƒ ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hmge Imordm-bn-p-I-fp-nem-degp-parthiquest kppartOslashpPam-AOslashv CsXmpartpw icn-b-sradicpartp]d-bp-part-hiquest Zonssbquo ]pdOslashv Fsyenmcp sXmen-degacuten

apeqZv XpScmw h AJvd-Plp ^o BJn-cn- -amnIam Jplusmnd h A_vZm AiquestYw Atplusmn-lsOslash AradicmlpCu Ah-km--Im-e-L- -Oslashnnot AhgeI-degmdegn nrsaquonreg]Imcw ChnsS sImnep-h-partp IqSm-sX h Anot_-klpJnnotAOslashnot Pam-en-radicXo ew bpnot_nkvlm Al-ZmAsX Atplusmn-lsOslash Ahge Ae-param-c-Oslashnssbquo hkvX-szlig-fnnot npartpw apermilm-scbpw [cn-prodn-regn- n-radicm-OslashXv [cn-prodn-degp-IbpwsNbvXp tmdegpI kXy-hp-ambn CXnpartv hradic _lsquo-hp-aptnem Aradicmlp ap-jy-cnnot Gpermil-hp-a-[nIw wKn evIn-bXv bqkp v(A) _n-degm-Wv Fpartmnot ChnsS ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n-bm-sWpartpw Icp-Xn-degqacuten pW-Iƒniquestan-regp-nemdegn Ah-X-cn-prodn-regXv ]mSn S-degm-pasymp Ch-cpsS Niquesta Lw A]mcw Xspart

hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

samgnregp ]d-bpI B hmN-I-hpw AXn-XmWv euemdegeuemdeg eam Je-IvOslashpnot A vemdegv AiquestYw ]hm-N-I-tc Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Cu ]]-copy-sOslash-Oslashspart krjvSndegp-am-bn-cp-partn-sradic-partv Aradicmlp _n(-k)tbmSv ]]copy aJn-ehpwkrjvSnregXnssbquo nanOslashw ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n Dnem-b-Xp-sIm-nem-sW-partv CXnepw hen-sbmcp pWbpw Bpermilw-t_mw-_p-aptnem _n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXm AtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregp tmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmw Bkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-IpartvIgn-trade-Xp-an-radic Fpartnacutepw aZvlpIƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bppart NpW-degp- -summiquest COslashcw euemdeg euemdeg Dd-sdeg-bp-dsdeg]mSn-prod-d-bp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp hmdegp-Iƒ sImnev AΩm--am-Sppart hlm-_n-I-fpsS t]Sn-kz-]v-szligƒ hnfn-regp-Iq-hppartCu euemdegbpsS nP-yumlnXnsbsyenpartv Ahiquest Kun-degp-partn-radic auenZv XS-cppartp ^ hpenZ _n hPvlnnotAJvPe Ja-dmge h^iquest JZm Aem lph-radicZo Xh- e_nln-B-Zw h vX-Jd _n Iunlo Jmen-Zge hkvX-Kmk _nlo qlpge ^Pm annot dZm hIm-^okzpnot_n C_vdmlow Asseln emw lo Dnotdegnb^npartm-cn BZ hkmd elv_p^m apJva-Zm AsXAszligs Atplusmnlw ]qiquestW Nmicro-sbpw [ph-]-tZ-iOslashvDbiquestpartp nevdegppart pound-X-sOslashbpw mWn-prodn-degppart apJ-hp-ambn ChnsS ]nd-partp Adn-bp-I Atplusmn-lsOslashsdegmnevBZw Xh- pnot sNoslashp-Ibpw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]nXm-hm-ImgeIgn-trade-Xnnot A`n-amw sImasympp-Ibpw sNbvXp IqSmsXqlv(-A) Atplusmn-l-sOslash-sdegmnev CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashn-b-Xn-m-emWv alm hn]-Oslashnnot npartv (]-f-b-Oslashnnot npartv) cpound-sprod- -Xv Xspart-bp-a-radic Atplusmnlw C_vdmlow(A)-bpsS apXp-Innot Dnem-bn-cp-part-Xn-m-emWv AmiddotnIpfimcw XWpOslashvsI -Sszlign cpound-sprod- -Xv lm Fyenm-Wn-hiquest ]d-bp-part-sXpartvAh-c-dn-bp-partn-radic tNmdpw ssIa-Sdegpw In n-bmnot GXv hymP-hm-tdm-e-Ifpw Cu XmPpnot De-am-degƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bpw

(Xp-S-cpw)

AXpw CXp-amhmwIiquesta-imkvX ]c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot AgsIm-g-ordmge

bw BZiquesti-am-degnb ]yumlm--amWv Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an Ckvem-anssbquo t]cp-]-d-tradep-sIm-nepasymp Pam-A-OslashnssbquoCOslashcw hnI-e-hm-Z-szligsf Ckvemlo ]yumlmw Fdegm-eOslashpw FXniquestOslashpt]m-partn- p-nev Fpartmnot Cu ]hiquestOslash--szlig-fpsS t]cnnot Pam-A-Oslashp-Imiquestt]mepw Xszlig-fpsS Hpartmwordmiquest iXp-hmbn hnti-jn-prodnreg sF Fkv FΩn-p-tscCS-degm-eOslashv Nne Cd-degp-aXn agel-Pp-Imiquest GXmpwBtcm-]-W-szlig-fp-part-bn-regp sF Fkv FΩnssbquo BZiquesti-t]m-cmacutew Xszlig-fpsS Hfn-b-P-nedegv hnLm-X-am-Ip-sapart BiparaImc-Ww sF Fkv FΩns mam-h-ti-j-am-degp-I-bm-bn-cppartp Cu agel-Pp-Im-cpsS Btcm-]-W-szligƒdegv t]c-W-bm-b-Xv AXn-mbn Dpart-bnreg Btcm-]-W-szlig-fpsS Iq -OslashnnotGpermilhpw ][m--sprod- Xpw IuXp-I-I-c-hp-amb Hcp Btcm-]-W-am-bn-cppartp sF Fkv Fw CJvhmn-k-Oslashnssbquo ]nSn-b-a-e-aiquestpartp Fpart-Xv

Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an-bpsS aspermilmcp ]Xn-prodmbn sF

Poh-Im-cpWy ]hiquestOslash--szlig-fpsS Ckvem-anI ]m[myw Dƒsdegm-asympp-Ibpw ]Tn-prodn-degp-Ibpw ]mhiquest Oslashn-I-am-degp-Ibpw sNbvX ]yumlm--amWv tIcf Zvh OslashpnotapPm-ln-Zoge apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--Oslashnv Poh-Im-cp-Wy-]-hiquestOslash--an-radicmOslash Hcp Ime-L- hpw Dnem-bn- n-radic

(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

Bi-b-szligƒsdeg-Xnsc IS-partm-I-a-W-ap-nem-bmnotAXnssbquo t]cnnot nbaw Ioslashn-se-Sp-degp-partXpw Bbp-[-sa-Sp-degp-partXpw Ckvem-anssbquo b-a-radic Bi-bsOslash Bi-bw-X-sImnev Xspart-bmWv ]Xn-tcm-[n-tdeg-ne-Xv

(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

Pm-[n-]-Xy-Oslashn-eq-sS-b-radic tXmdegnge Ipg-en-eq-sS-bmWv hnπhw htc-ne-sXpart b-apasymp kn ]n FΩnvPam-A-Oslashnssbquo Pm-[n-]Xy hncp-leX ]d-bmge Fyeniquestl-X-bm-Wp-asympXv ]mte-cn-bnepw IAEligq-cnepw kao-]-Im-eOslashv]miquestacuten S-Oslashnb nb-a-ew-Lw t]mse GsX-paran-ep-sampartv Pam-A-Oslashn-s-degp-dnregv ]d-bmge Ign-bptam

(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

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2010 Pqsse30

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Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

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CMYK

2010 Pqsse 21

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2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

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J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

Pemnot atcopycn

icn-bm-Wv Ckz-vemlv amkn-I-bnnotFgp-Xp-partXv ImWpI ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pn-partp-I-sfbpw apermilm-scbpw hnfn-regp-tX-Smge ]mSn-sradicpartpw ]miquestY--degp-Oslashcw evImge A-hiquest-degv Ign-bn-sradicpartpw Jpiquest-Bge sΩ ]Tn-prodn-degppartp (C-kz-vemlv amkn-I 2006 Unwk-_iquest adtradeamiquestKhpw kpradic-an-bpsS hnh-c-tdeg-Spw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemln t]Pv 6) ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhn-fnregp tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Cu tUmIvSiquest ChnsSFgp-Xp-partp Cu hnUvVnOslashw i_m-_nnot ]nSn-Iq-Sn-b-tprodmƒPnpartpw knlvdpw aS-hq-cn-I-fpsS Zpjv]-Nm-c-Whpw Fpartt]-cnnot Ctplusmnlw Xspart ]kn-leo-I-cnreg ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot-hn-fnregp tXSmge ]mSn-sradic-partpw ]dtrade mKw shacuten-am-permiln-bmWvF-gp-Xp-part-Xv

AXnssbquo ]qiquestW-cq]w ImWpI apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ Fhn-sS-bmWv Pnpartns hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-tradeXv Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw ]d-trade-Xmbn Cu Iasymp-hm-Zn-Iƒdegv sXfn-bn-degmge km[n-degptam adnregv Aradicm-lp-h-radicmOslash bmsXm-partn-tmSpw AXv Pnpartm-I-sacute hen-oslashm-Isacute ae-degm-Isacute hnfnregv]miquestYn-degp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSpasympq FpartmWv apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaq-lsOslash ]-Tnprodnregp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv aS-hq-cn-I-tf BSns ]acuten-bm-degppart nszlig-fpsS Cu hrOslashn-sIacute Xyenw hn kn Ipacuten-I-fp-sS ASpOslashp aXn apPm-ln-Zp-IƒdegnS-bnnot AXv sNe-hm-Inradic (Pnpartpw knlvdpw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemlnt]Pv 23) ]acutensb BSm-degp-hmge thnen ae-degp-IsfbpwPn-partp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Ckz-vem-lnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv Aacuten-a-dnregv Ah-X-cn-prodn-degp-I-bmWv tUm-IvSiquest Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot sNoslashp-part-Xv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degnot iniquestdegm-sWpartpw Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvamXta ]miquestYn-degp-hmge ]mSp-asympp-shpartpw kppartn-I-fnnot s]acutehen-sbmcp hn`mKw apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp-nev

CXp ]d-bp-hmge apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS ]asympn-Ifpw yumlm]--szligfpw kzOslashpw ssIh-i-sprod-SpOslashn ke^n thjw [cnregvS-degppart h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsS Bh-iy-an-radic ac-W-sprod--h-sc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip-vdp-am-Wv CXp-t]mse Xspart ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sf-

bpw hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip vdp-am-Wv CXp Xspart-bm-bn-cppartp apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHpartmw XnbXn sXmacutepasymp apJy ]t_m-[ hnj-bw ]asympn-bpw yumlm]--szligfpw Ahiquest niquestan-regXv CXv ]d-bp-hm-m-Wv ae-degp-I-fpsSbpw Pnpartp-I-fpsSbpw Ign-hnpartv Aprodp-d-apasympXv tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-iquest ]d-bp-partp ae-degnssbquobpw Pnpartp-I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hnssbquo]cn-[n-Iƒ nrsaquo-bn-degp-hmge apdegv km[y-a-sradicpartpw ChiquestXspart ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Ch-cpsS Cu ASnyumlm XXz-]-

Im-chpw ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp iniquestdegn-sbpwIp vdn-sbpw ]nSn-IqSn Xulo-Zm-degp-hmgeian-degp-part-hiquestdegv Hcp-Xcw AlsquoX _m[n-regn-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Chiquest FyenmWv ]d-bp-Ibpw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNoslashp-part-sXpartvChiquestdegpXspart Adn-bp-partn-radic

CkvXn-Km-kbpwaX-]-fin-X-summcpw

]qiquesthn-I-cmb andeg aX-]-fin-X-summcpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregv klmbwtXSn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv ka-kvX-bnse

apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp kXym-hkvY hnh-cn-degmtam

A_vZpnotI-cow sImregn

hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

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AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

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A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

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2010 Pqsse28

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

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(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

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kv]c hncp-le-am-Ippart Ap- hw Pam-AOslashv ]miquest n-bpsS Pn-XI LS--bpsS

`mK-ambn amdp-I-bm-Wv

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse22

se-X-spart Cn bmYm-yumln-Xn-Iiquest AXpw sImnep-h-cptamBthm)

Pmd-szlig-fnnot ]e-X-c-Oslashn-emWv ImWn-deg-I-fiquestprodn-degp-partXpw^ew ]Xo-poundn-deg-sprod-Sp-part-Xpw tcmK-im-yenndegpw kyenm--e-_v[ndegpw hnj-n-hm-c-W-Oslashnpw apermilpw apermilpw ]tXyIwkvs]jy-ssekvUv Pmd-szlig-fpnev tIc-f-Oslashnnot ImWn-deg-I-fnepw hyXy-kvX-X-I-fp-nev awK-em-]p-cOslashv sskZn _ohn-bpsS Pmd-Oslashnnot apradic-prodq-deg-fmWv ImWn-deg-sb-parannot IAEligqiquestPnradic-bnnot ]mprodn-n-traquocn appartp s]permilpΩw ]asympn-bnnott__nskpermilp-I-fmWv ImWn-deg-bmbn Aiquestprodn-degp-part-Xvsoslashpw Nnc- bpw XpWn-Ifpw kqNnbpw qepw ]qam-e-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartp ImWn-deg-I-fpsS ]acuten-I ImkiquesttImUv Xf-parac Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv]p-d-tOslashdegv hcp-tordmmƒ]ntpartm v S-deg-W-sa-partXpw awK-em-]pcw sskZmn _ohn-bpsS aJv_d-bnnot Xzhm v sNoslash-W-sa-partXpw hyXy-kvX-I-fm-Wv Nmicro--Oslashncn IOslashnreg Nmcw `Daggeriquestdegv XnpartmgesImSp-degppart Pmd-szligfpw FAElig-I-gn-degmge sImSp-degppart Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev abnnotprodoen sImnep-gn-bp-partXpw ]reg XpWn-sImnev XS-hp-partXpw kXyw sNoslashmge Ib-dp-Iƒ sIacuten-bn-cn-degp-part-Xp-amb Pmd-szlig-fp-ap-nev tcmKn-Iƒdegv Ipfn-degmgeacppartv InWdpIƒ XoslashmiquestsN-bvXp-shreg Pmd-szlig-fmWv _nam]asympn Pmdhpw ]pOslashge]asympn Pmd-hpw ASpOslash Imewhsc ag-s]-oslashp-hmge thnen aordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnnot npartv sImSn-sb-Sp-Oslash-h-cp-nem-bn-cppartp bmYm-yumln-I-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot

IqSm-sX aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒ P-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbn Chiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv ]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sIacutenbKP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnotPmIvks-tprodmepwshradicppart t_degv Umgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw Aszligs ofppartpBtLm-j-szlig-fpsS ]acuten-I mhn-bnnot Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ]asympn-I-fn-tedegv Bfp-Isf FOslashn-degp-hmspart t]cnepw ]asympntImicroo-I-cnregv COslashcw An-kvem-anI ]hiquestOslash--szligƒ ChiquestCd-degp-aXn sNoslashm-Xn-cn-deg-sacute

COslash-c-Oslashn-epasymp Pmd-szlig-fnnot Bfp-nem-bmepw Csradic-paranepw ]miquestYn-degp-hmpw ImWn-deg-biquestprodn-degp-hmpw nth-Zy-szligƒ kzoI-cn-degp-hmpw Bfp-Iƒ hcp-part-Xnv ImcWwbmYm-yumln-XnI apkveym-deg-fpsS Xvh Xspart-bm-Wv aplvbp-plusmnoge ssitJ cpoundn-deg-tW _Zvco-szligtf ImdegtW XpSszlign

acn-regp-t]mb alm-flm-deg-tfmSv ]miquestYn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-amtWm Fpart tNmZy-Oslashnv s]msumf A_vZpnot JmZiquestapkveymiquest evIppart adp-]Sn ImWpI

Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-Wv Jpiquest-B-nepw lZo-knepw AXnvsXfn-hp-nev (in-Yn-e- Xyen-szligƒ imyenn-a-yen-szligƒ t] 21)

Aradicm-lp-hnv ]pdsa Huen-bm-deg-tfm-Spw Huen-bm-deg-sfpartv Ch-iquest ]Tn-prodn-degp-part-h-tcmSpw ]miquestYn-degmge Jpiquest-B-n-ssbquobpw lZo-kn-ssbquobpw t]cnnot Iasympw ]dtradev sXfn-hp-nemdegn km[m-c-W-degmsc hcopyn-degp-I-bmWv bmYm-yumln-XnIapkveym-degƒ sNoslashp-part-Xv

Fpartmnot Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSv ]miquestYn-regmepwAhiquest apivcn-degm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degm-Oslash-hge apknotam-radicFpartv aspermilmcp bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-Xpw hni-Zo-I-cn-degp-partp-nev ]kvXpX hcn-Iƒ ImWp-I

Aradicmlp AradicmOslash BtcmSpw AXv _n-oslashm-I-sacutehen-oslashm-h-sacute Iradicm-h-sacute ac-am-hsacute hnfn-regp-tX-Sp-part-hgeapivcndegm-sWpartv hniz-kn-degmOslash Hscmpermil apkven-ap-an-radic(AnotJu-ep- -ZoZv ^o dplusmnn-Oslashu-loZv dio-Zp-plusmnoge apkapkveymiquest t] 100)

Nnyenn-degpI Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degp-part-hge apivcndegm-sW-parannot ]miquestYn-degpI amX-a-radic ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ^Xvh sImSp-degp-I-IqSn sNoslashppart s]msumfapkveymiquest dio-Zp-plusmnoge aqk apkveym-cpsS A`n-]m-b-OslashnnotBcm-bn-cn-degpw hmb--degmiquest hne-bn-cp-Oslashn-bmnot aXn

acn-regp-t]m-b-hiquest tIƒdegp-Ibpw DOslashcw sNoslashp-IbpwsNoslashp-sapart hnizm-k-Oslashnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot P-szligƒsNoslashppart iniquestdegns ISpOslash ]mX-I-am-bn- mWv Ckvemw]Tn-prodn-degp-part-Xv J_vdpI-fp-ambn _lsquo-sprodacute Fradicm Am-Nm-c-szlig-sfbpw Ckvemw nin-X-ambn hne-degp-partp-nev

J_vdpIƒ IpΩm-b-an-SpI AXn-tsumnot Ccn-degp-I AXn-tsumnot hradicXpw niquestan-degpI Fpartnh _n(-k) ntcm-[n-regn-cn-degppartp (apkvenw)

Aen(-d) A_pnotl-oslashm-Pn-tmSv ]dtradep _n(-k)FtpartmSv Inot]nreg Imcyw Rmge nspart Gnot]n-degp-I-bm-Wv Dbiquestpartp-nnotdegppart Hscmpermil ]Xn-abpw XIiquestdegmsXhnS-cp-Xv sI n-bp-biquestOslash-sprodacute J_vdpIfpw X n-n-c-prodm-degmsXhnS-cp-Xv (apkvenw)

COslashcw nc-h[n lZo-kp-I-fn-eqsS hntcm-[n-deg-sprodacuteHcp alm-A-]-cm-[-amWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-Xv Ah-kmw P-szligsf hcopyn-degmge Ahiquest Dpart-bn-degppart ymbw _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bpbiquestOslashn-bn- pnev Fpartm-Wv _n(-k)-bpsS J_iquest sIacuten-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- n-sradicpartv Fszligs ]d-trademepw hniz-kn-degmOslash Chiquestdegv bmYm-yumln-XnI ]fin-X-mb sI hn apl-ΩZv apkveymiquest ]yenm-hqiquest notIpparthni-Zo-I-cWw ChnsS ]kvXm-hy-am-Wv _n(-k) A_q-_-degiquest(-d) Daiquest(-d) Fpartn-h-cpsS J_vdp-Iƒ sI n-bp-biquestOslashn-bn- nradic Fpartpw J_vdpIƒ Hcp NmWnnot IqSp-Xnot DbiquestOslash-cp-sXpartpw Atplusmnlw alradicn ]cn- m-j-bnnot hni-Zo-I-cn-regn- p-nev

CXbpw ISpOslash sXpermilmWv Chiquest sNoslashp-part-sXpartv hfschyDagger-am-bnacutepw AXv sNoslashp-hmge Ahsc t]cn-prodn-degp-partXvkmordm-OslashnI t -sampartv amX-am-Wv AXp-sIm-nem-Wtradicmaordmpdw Pmd-Oslashnse ]Xn-copyv epound-Oslashnssbquo Xacutenprodpw CSn-b-szligc Pmdw Ireg-h-Shpw Fradicmw S-part-Xv

GXm-bmepw P-szligƒ kXyw a- n-em-degp-part-Xn--p-k-cnregv ]e Pmd-szligfpw aumlIq--Ifpw hcp-am--an-radicmsXImSv ]nSnregv in-regp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv

aJv_d-I-fpsS t]cn-epasymp Bnepnotk-h-szligfpw Ddq-kp-Ifpw S-degp-tordmmƒP-szligsf hio-I-cn-degp-part-Xn-partmbnChiquest ]e AnkvemanI ]cn-]m-Sn-Ifpw kwL-Sn-prodn-degm-dp-nev Icn-a-cppartv]tbm-K-szlig-fpw spermiln-prodacutew sI nb KP-ho-c-summ-cpsS Fgp-part-asympOslashpw ssadegnot-PmIvks-tprodmepw shradicppart t_degvUmgekp-Ifpw inparamcn taf-szligfpw_mgeUv hmZy-szligfpw Km-ta-f-I-fpw

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

Pemnot atcopycn

icn-bm-Wv Ckz-vemlv amkn-I-bnnotFgp-Xp-partXv ImWpI ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pn-partp-I-sfbpw apermilm-scbpw hnfn-regp-tX-Smge ]mSn-sradicpartpw ]miquestY--degp-Oslashcw evImge A-hiquest-degv Ign-bn-sradicpartpw Jpiquest-Bge sΩ ]Tn-prodn-degppartp (C-kz-vemlv amkn-I 2006 Unwk-_iquest adtradeamiquestKhpw kpradic-an-bpsS hnh-c-tdeg-Spw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemln t]Pv 6) ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhn-fnregp tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Cu tUmIvSiquest ChnsSFgp-Xp-partp Cu hnUvVnOslashw i_m-_nnot ]nSn-Iq-Sn-b-tprodmƒPnpartpw knlvdpw aS-hq-cn-I-fpsS Zpjv]-Nm-c-Whpw Fpartt]-cnnot Ctplusmnlw Xspart ]kn-leo-I-cnreg ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot-hn-fnregp tXSmge ]mSn-sradic-partpw ]dtrade mKw shacuten-am-permiln-bmWvF-gp-Xp-part-Xv

AXnssbquo ]qiquestW-cq]w ImWpI apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ Fhn-sS-bmWv Pnpartns hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degm-sapartv ]d-tradeXv Fhn-sS-sb-paranepw ]d-trade-Xmbn Cu Iasymp-hm-Zn-Iƒdegv sXfn-bn-degmge km[n-degptam adnregv Aradicm-lp-h-radicmOslash bmsXm-partn-tmSpw AXv Pnpartm-I-sacute hen-oslashm-Isacute ae-degm-Isacute hnfnregv]miquestYn-degp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSv amXta hnfnregv ]miquestYn-degmge ]mSpasympq FpartmWv apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kaq-lsOslash ]-Tnprodnregp-sIm-nen-cn-degp-part-Xv aS-hq-cn-I-tf BSns ]acuten-bm-degppart nszlig-fpsS Cu hrOslashn-sIacute Xyenw hn kn Ipacuten-I-fp-sS ASpOslashp aXn apPm-ln-Zp-IƒdegnS-bnnot AXv sNe-hm-Inradic (Pnpartpw knlvdpw tUm sI sI kI-cnoslashm kzemlnt]Pv 23) ]acutensb BSm-degp-hmge thnen ae-degp-IsfbpwPn-partp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv Ckz-vem-lnnot Fgp-Xn-bXv Aacuten-a-dnregv Ah-X-cn-prodn-degp-I-bmWv tUm-IvSiquest Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashnnot sNoslashp-part-Xv Aradicmlp Aradicm-Oslash-h-tcmSv ]miquestYn-degnot iniquestdegm-sWpartpw Aradicm-lp-hn-tmSvamXta ]miquestYn-degp-hmge ]mSp-asympp-shpartpw kppartn-I-fnnot s]acutehen-sbmcp hn`mKw apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp-nev

CXp ]d-bp-hmge apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS ]asympn-Ifpw yumlm]--szligfpw kzOslashpw ssIh-i-sprod-SpOslashn ke^n thjw [cnregvS-degppart h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsS Bh-iy-an-radic ac-W-sprod--h-sc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip-vdp-am-Wv CXp-t]mse Xspart ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sf-

bpw hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip vdp-am-Wv CXp Xspart-bm-bn-cppartp apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHpartmw XnbXn sXmacutepasymp apJy ]t_m-[ hnj-bw ]asympn-bpw yumlm]--szligfpw Ahiquest niquestan-regXv CXv ]d-bp-hm-m-Wv ae-degp-I-fpsSbpw Pnpartp-I-fpsSbpw Ign-hnpartv Aprodp-d-apasympXv tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-iquest ]d-bp-partp ae-degnssbquobpw Pnpartp-I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hnssbquo]cn-[n-Iƒ nrsaquo-bn-degp-hmge apdegv km[y-a-sradicpartpw ChiquestXspart ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Ch-cpsS Cu ASnyumlm XXz-]-

Im-chpw ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpwhnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp iniquestdegn-sbpwIp vdn-sbpw ]nSn-IqSn Xulo-Zm-degp-hmgeian-degp-part-hiquestdegv Hcp-Xcw AlsquoX _m[n-regn-cn-degp-I-bm-Wv Chiquest FyenmWv ]d-bp-Ibpw Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNoslashp-part-sXpartvChiquestdegpXspart Adn-bp-partn-radic

CkvXn-Km-kbpwaX-]-fin-X-summcpw

]qiquesthn-I-cmb andeg aX-]-fin-X-summcpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregv klmbwtXSn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv ka-kvX-bnse

apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp kXym-hkvY hnh-cn-degmtam

A_vZpnotI-cow sImregn

hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

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hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

samgnregp ]d-bpI B hmN-I-hpw AXn-XmWv euemdegeuemdeg eam Je-IvOslashpnot A vemdegv AiquestYw ]hm-N-I-tc Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Cu ]]-copy-sOslash-Oslashspart krjvSndegp-am-bn-cp-partn-sradic-partv Aradicmlp _n(-k)tbmSv ]]copy aJn-ehpwkrjvSnregXnssbquo nanOslashw ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n Dnem-b-Xp-sIm-nem-sW-partv CXnepw hen-sbmcp pWbpw Bpermilw-t_mw-_p-aptnem _n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXm AtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregp tmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmw Bkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-IpartvIgn-trade-Xp-an-radic Fpartnacutepw aZvlpIƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bppart NpW-degp- -summiquest COslashcw euemdeg euemdeg Dd-sdeg-bp-dsdeg]mSn-prod-d-bp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp hmdegp-Iƒ sImnev AΩm--am-Sppart hlm-_n-I-fpsS t]Sn-kz-]v-szligƒ hnfn-regp-Iq-hppartCu euemdegbpsS nP-yumlnXnsbsyenpartv Ahiquest Kun-degp-partn-radic auenZv XS-cppartp ^ hpenZ _n hPvlnnotAJvPe Ja-dmge h^iquest JZm Aem lph-radicZo Xh- e_nln-B-Zw h vX-Jd _n Iunlo Jmen-Zge hkvX-Kmk _nlo qlpge ^Pm annot dZm hIm-^okzpnot_n C_vdmlow Asseln emw lo Dnotdegnb^npartm-cn BZ hkmd elv_p^m apJva-Zm AsXAszligs Atplusmnlw ]qiquestW Nmicro-sbpw [ph-]-tZ-iOslashvDbiquestpartp nevdegppart pound-X-sOslashbpw mWn-prodn-degppart apJ-hp-ambn ChnsS ]nd-partp Adn-bp-I Atplusmn-lsOslashsdegmnevBZw Xh- pnot sNoslashp-Ibpw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]nXm-hm-ImgeIgn-trade-Xnnot A`n-amw sImasympp-Ibpw sNbvXp IqSmsXqlv(-A) Atplusmn-l-sOslash-sdegmnev CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashn-b-Xn-m-emWv alm hn]-Oslashnnot npartv (]-f-b-Oslashnnot npartv) cpound-sprod- -Xv Xspart-bp-a-radic Atplusmnlw C_vdmlow(A)-bpsS apXp-Innot Dnem-bn-cp-part-Xn-m-emWv AmiddotnIpfimcw XWpOslashvsI -Sszlign cpound-sprod- -Xv lm Fyenm-Wn-hiquest ]d-bp-part-sXpartvAh-c-dn-bp-partn-radic tNmdpw ssIa-Sdegpw In n-bmnot GXv hymP-hm-tdm-e-Ifpw Cu XmPpnot De-am-degƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bpw

(Xp-S-cpw)

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

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(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

iwkp-plusmnoge ]me-tdegmSv

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auZq-Zn-bpsS Imcy-Oslashn-em-sW-paranepw Pm-[n-]-Xy-Oslashnssbquo Imcy-Oslashn-em-sW-paranepw aX-cm-jvS-Oslashnssbquo hnj-b-Oslashn-em-sW-paranepw

G n-ep-asympXpw ]tbm-K-Oslashn-ep-asympXpw Asradic-parannot ]d-bp-partXpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-partXpw ]c-

kv]c hncp-le-am-Ippart Ap- hw Pam-AOslashv ]miquest n-bpsS Pn-XI LS--bpsS

`mK-ambn amdp-I-bm-Wv

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 23

Jpiquest-Bge ]d-bp-partXv

]miquestY AXp Xspart-bmWv Bcm-[ (4556)

Hcp kmlniquest Hcn-degepw hnP-bn-degnradic (2069)

]t_m-[ ZuXy-Oslashnv XS- -am-hppart Ptm-]-Z-h-szlig-fnnotnpartpw Aradicm-lp _nsb kwc-poundndegpw (567)

_ndegv knlvdv _m[n-sregpartv ]d-bp-part-hiquest AIan (174748)

]nim-Np-degsf Iogvsprod-Sp-Oslashm-pasymp Ignhv kpsse-amge_ndegv Aradicmlp ]tXy-I-ambn evInb Ignhv (383538)

Ckm-A-v anA-vd-B-Pv Ddp-ordmp-I-fpsS kwkmcw a- n-em-degm-pasymp kpsse-amge _n-bpsS ]tXy-IX XpS-szlign-h-sbradicmw apA--vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf ap-jyiquestdegv ImWmge ]permilnradic (729)

Ahn-izm-kn-IƒdegmWv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nem-hpI (4125 4336)

ap-jy-cn-epasymp ]nim-Np-degfpw lrZ-b-Oslashnnot hkvhm-kp-nemdegpw (114 456)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo Iev] [ndeg-cnregv Al-param-cn-bm-b-Xn-mWvC_veo-kns kziquestK-Oslashnnot npartpw ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv (71213)

]hm-NI ntbm-K-tOslashmSv IqSn Pnpartp-I-fpsS Iacutep-IƒhnAh-km-nregp (729)

Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo njvI-f-para-amb Zmk-summ-sc D]-Z-hn-degmge]nim-Nnp Ign-bnradic (15404142)

B]notL -szlig-fnnot adegm-ap-ivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepw Aradicm-lp-hn-s-bmWv hnfnregp tXSn-bn-cp-partXv (2965)

Fradicm A]-I-S-szlig-fnnot npartpw cpound-sprod-SpOslashp-partXv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv (663 64)

Aradicm-lp-hnp ]pdsa Bsc ]qPn-regmepw (B-cm-[n-regm-epw)Hcn-degepw DOslashcw e`n-degnradic (1018 1314)

hnK-l-szligƒ kwkm-cn-degp-I-bn-sradicpartv apivcn-degp-Iƒ t]mepwkΩ-Xn-regn-cppartp (2165)

sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-part-hge Aradicmlp (1817)

Kiquest`yuml inip-hnssbquo hfiquestregm LS-I-szligfpw Kiquest`m-i-b-Oslashnnotnpartpw ]pd-tOslash-degpasymp hchpw Fradicmw Aradicm-lp-hnssbquoIiquestW nb-yen-W-Oslashn-emWv (1678 231314)

ap-jyiquestdegv apjy kvXoI-fnnot Xspart-bmWv Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpI (1672)

sI sI kI-cnoslashbpw Iqacutecpw ]d-bp-partXv

]nim-Nnv C_m-ZOslashv sNbvXmnot Ahge DOslashcw sNoslashpw]miquestYn-regmnot DOslashcw sNoslashn-radic

kmlniquest ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-K-sprod-SpOslashn epoundyw tSpw

e_oZv _nge AAvkw ]nim-Nns D]-tbm-Knregv amcWwsNbvXv _n-bpsS _plen amk-szlig-tfmfw ac-hn-prodnregp

_ndegv knlvdv _m[nregp

kmbn-_m-_sb t]mepasymp BƒssZ-h-szligƒdegpw amc-W-degmiquestdegpw amPn-degp-Imiquestdegp-samsdeg ]nim-Nns CjvSm-p-k-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-degmw Iogvsprod-SpOslashmw

krjvSn-Iƒdegmiquestdegpw Ign-bm-Oslash-h-bmWv apA-vPn-kOslashv

Pnpartp-Isf hnhn[ cq]-Oslashnnot Xspart ImWmge Ignbpw

Xndegv ssiOslashm-nnot npartpasymp Jco-p-nev

ico-c-Oslashn-p-asympnnot IS-degmge Ign-bp-part-hiquesttdeg ap-jy-lr-Z-b-szlig-fnnot hkvhm-kp-nem-degmge Ign-bq

BZw _nsb kziquestK-Oslashnnot shregv hgn-]n-g-prodn-degmge ian-reg-Xn-mWv C_veo-kns ]pd-Oslashm-degn-bXv

Ctprodmgpw Pnpartp-IfpsS Iacutep-tIƒhn XpS-cp-partp Cszligse`n-degppart hnh-c-szligƒ Ahiquest Xszlig-fpsS Iqacutem-fn-I-fmb ap-jyiquestdegv ssIam-dpw

Aoslashq_v _nsb ]nimNv _m[n-regp

hn -P--amb ]tZ-iOslashv Hpermil-sprod- -mnot ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sfbpw hnfnregv cpound tXSmw

apjysc A]-I-szligfnnot npartv Xacuten-am-permilp-partXv Ahssbquokplr-Oslashmb Pnpartm-Wv

Xspart ]qPn-degp-part-hsc Hcp ne-deg-sradic-parannot aspermilmcp nedegvklm-bn-degmge GXp krjvSn-Iƒdegpw Ignbpw (C-kz-vemlvamkn-I tabv 2009)

hnK-l-Oslashnnot ]nim-Np-degƒ Bhm-lnregv Ahsb kwkm-cn-prodn-degpw

sΩ sum-bn-tedegv hgn--S-Oslashp-partXpw Xnsum-I-fnnot npartv]nyenn-cn-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partXv Pnpartp-I-fm-Wv

Kiquest -[m-cWw XS-bmge Pnpartp-Iƒdegv Ign-bpw Ahsb ]oXn-sprod-Sp-Oslashnbmnot Ahiquest XS w odegpw

apjy kvXoIƒdegv Pnpartp-I-fnepw Ipacuten-I-fp-nem-hpw

h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsSJpiquest-Bge ntj[szligƒ

Pnpartp-I-tfm-Spasymp ]miquestY-bpwh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Icpw

Pnpartp-Isfbpw ae-degp-Isfbpw hnfn-regv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartvh-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-Iiquest Xspart ]d-traden-acutep-snepartv i_m-_nse teJ--Oslashnnot hmbn-regXv Hmiquest-an-degp-partp AXv icn-bmtWm

Pemnot atcopycn

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CXp ]d-bp-hmge apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS ]asympn-Ifpw yumlm]--szligfpw kzOslashpw ssIh-i-sprod-SpOslashn ke^n thjw [cnregvS-degppart h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-cpsS Bh-iy-an-radic ac-W-sprod--h-sc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip-vdp-am-Wv CXp-t]mse Xspart ae-degp-I-sfbpw Pnpartp-I-sf-

bpw hnfnregv klmbw tXSnot ]miquestY-bpw iniquestdegpw Ip vdp-am-Wv CXp Xspart-bm-bn-cppartp apPm-lnZv ]yumlm--OslashnssbquoHpartmw XnbXn sXmacutepasymp apJy ]t_m-[ hnj-bw ]asympn-bpw yumlm]--szligfpw Ahiquest niquestan-regXv CXv ]d-bp-hm-m-Wv ae-degp-I-fpsSbpw Pnpartp-I-fpsSbpw Ign-hnpartv Aprodp-d-apasympXv tNmZn-degnot ]miquestY--bm-sWpartv h-bm-Ym-yumln-Xn-I-iquest ]d-bp-partp ae-degnssbquobpw Pnpartp-I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hnssbquo]cn-[n-Iƒ nrsaquo-bn-degp-hmge apdegv km[y-a-sradicpartpw ChiquestXspart ]Jym-]n-degp-partp Ch-cpsS Cu ASnyumlm XXz-]-

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CkvXn-Km-kbpwaX-]-fin-X-summcpw

]qiquesthn-I-cmb andeg aX-]-fin-X-summcpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregv klmbwtXSn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv ka-kvX-bnse

apkven-bm-deg-summiquest Fgp-Xp-Ibpw ]kw-Kn-degp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp kXym-hkvY hnh-cn-degmtam

A_vZpnotI-cow sImregn

hniple Jpiquest-B-nnot ]hm-N-Igeamcpw Huen-bm-degfpw]pWy-hm-f-summcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw aX-]-fin-X-summcpwklmbw tXSn-bXv hnh-cn-degp-partp-nev Pohn-regn-cppart hnK-lm-cm-[-Igeam-tcmSpw kXy-n-tj-[n-I-tfmSpw Chiquest k-lmbw tXSn-bXv Jpiquest-Bge hnh-cn-degp-partp Fpartmnot ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw -hhpw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic apl-ΩZv _n(-k) Xssbquo Pohn-X-Oslashnnot hnK-lm-cm-[-I-summ-tcmSpw I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSpw PqX- -In-kvXym-n-I-tfmSpw klmbw tXSn-bXv hniple Jpiquest-Bpw yumlnc-sprod- lZo-kp-Ifpw hyDagger-am-degp-partp Ahiquest Pohn-regn-cpparthcm-b-Xn-mnot Fpartmnot Xndegv apordmpasymp ]hm-N-Igeam-tcm-Sp-t]mepw klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepw hnh-cn-degp-partn-radic Ahiquest ac-W-sprod- -hcpw AZr-iy-cm-b-h-cp-amb-Xnmnot apl-ΩZv _n(k)-bpsS kz-lm-_n-h-cygeamcmWvCu kap-Zm-b-Oslashnse Gpermilhpw henb aX-]-fin-X-summiquest_n(-k) Pohn-regn-cppart kmicroiquest -Oslashnnot n m-c-]-iv-szlig-fnnothsc _n-(k)bpsS klm-bhpw A`n-]m-bhpw AhiquesttXSn-bn-cp-partp

Fpartmnot _n(-k)-bpsS ac-W-tijw ]Xn-m-bn-c-deg-W-degnv kzlm-_n-amiquest h[n-deg-sprodacute bple-Oslashnnot hsc Ahiquest]param-fn-I-fm-bnacutepw ac-W-sprodacute _n(-A)-bpsS klmbw]iv-]-cn-lm-c-Oslashnv Ahiquest tXSn-bnradic epound-deg-W-degnvkzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot Hcmsfparanepw ac-W-sprodacute ]hm-N-I-summsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bXv yumlnc-sprodacute ]c-ordm-c-bn-eqsS yumlm]nregv Xcppart apkven-bm-iquestdegv Ahiquest Bh-iy-sprod-Sppart [w Cm-ambn evIp-part-Xm-Wv

kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

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hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

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2010 Pqsse28

samgnregp ]d-bpI B hmN-I-hpw AXn-XmWv euemdegeuemdeg eam Je-IvOslashpnot A vemdegv AiquestYw ]hm-N-I-tc Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Cu ]]-copy-sOslash-Oslashspart krjvSndegp-am-bn-cp-partn-sradic-partv Aradicmlp _n(-k)tbmSv ]]copy aJn-ehpwkrjvSnregXnssbquo nanOslashw ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n Dnem-b-Xp-sIm-nem-sW-partv CXnepw hen-sbmcp pWbpw Bpermilw-t_mw-_p-aptnem _n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXm AtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregp tmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmw Bkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-IpartvIgn-trade-Xp-an-radic Fpartnacutepw aZvlpIƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bppart NpW-degp- -summiquest COslashcw euemdeg euemdeg Dd-sdeg-bp-dsdeg]mSn-prod-d-bp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp hmdegp-Iƒ sImnev AΩm--am-Sppart hlm-_n-I-fpsS t]Sn-kz-]v-szligƒ hnfn-regp-Iq-hppartCu euemdegbpsS nP-yumlnXnsbsyenpartv Ahiquest Kun-degp-partn-radic auenZv XS-cppartp ^ hpenZ _n hPvlnnotAJvPe Ja-dmge h^iquest JZm Aem lph-radicZo Xh- e_nln-B-Zw h vX-Jd _n Iunlo Jmen-Zge hkvX-Kmk _nlo qlpge ^Pm annot dZm hIm-^okzpnot_n C_vdmlow Asseln emw lo Dnotdegnb^npartm-cn BZ hkmd elv_p^m apJva-Zm AsXAszligs Atplusmnlw ]qiquestW Nmicro-sbpw [ph-]-tZ-iOslashvDbiquestpartp nevdegppart pound-X-sOslashbpw mWn-prodn-degppart apJ-hp-ambn ChnsS ]nd-partp Adn-bp-I Atplusmn-lsOslashsdegmnevBZw Xh- pnot sNoslashp-Ibpw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]nXm-hm-ImgeIgn-trade-Xnnot A`n-amw sImasympp-Ibpw sNbvXp IqSmsXqlv(-A) Atplusmn-l-sOslash-sdegmnev CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashn-b-Xn-m-emWv alm hn]-Oslashnnot npartv (]-f-b-Oslashnnot npartv) cpound-sprod- -Xv Xspart-bp-a-radic Atplusmnlw C_vdmlow(A)-bpsS apXp-Innot Dnem-bn-cp-part-Xn-m-emWv AmiddotnIpfimcw XWpOslashvsI -Sszlign cpound-sprod- -Xv lm Fyenm-Wn-hiquest ]d-bp-part-sXpartvAh-c-dn-bp-partn-radic tNmdpw ssIa-Sdegpw In n-bmnot GXv hymP-hm-tdm-e-Ifpw Cu XmPpnot De-am-degƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bpw

(Xp-S-cpw)

AXpw CXp-amhmwIiquesta-imkvX ]c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot AgsIm-g-ordmge

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Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an-bpsS aspermilmcp ]Xn-prodmbn sF

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

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(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

iwkp-plusmnoge ]me-tdegmSv

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2010 Pqsse30

Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an t]Pv 42)

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`mK-ambn amdp-I-bm-Wv

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK

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kzlm_n hcy-summ-cnnot npartv GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw a- n-em-degnb ]K-currencmb Xm_n-Du-Iƒ ac-W-sprodacute kzlm-_n-amsc hnfnregv klmbw tXSnb Hscmpermil kw`hw t]mepwyumlm]n-degphmge ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquestdegv km[y-a-radic ac-W-sprodacuteJeo^ A_q-_-degiquest Daiquest Dkvamge Aen(-d) _n(-A)-bpsS `mcy-amiquest kyenm--szligƒ A_p-lq-d-bvd C_vp-D-aiquest A- v Pm_niquest C_vp Aintm-kv C_vp akv-Du-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-h-cnnot B-sc-sb-paranepw ]K-curren-cmb Xm_n-D-Iƒ (In-_m-dp-Oslashm_n Cu) Bsc-paranepw hnfnregp klmbwtXSn-bXv Chiquestdegv yumlm]n-degp-hmge Ayeny-Znw hsc ian-regmepw km[y-a-radic

ac-W-sprod- -hsc GXv `mj-bn-not Fhn-sS shregv GXv

tNmZyw

adp-]Sn apkzvenlv

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse24

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

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hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

samgnregp ]d-bpI B hmN-I-hpw AXn-XmWv euemdegeuemdeg eam Je-IvOslashpnot A vemdegv AiquestYw ]hm-N-I-tc Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Cu ]]-copy-sOslash-Oslashspart krjvSndegp-am-bn-cp-partn-sradic-partv Aradicmlp _n(-k)tbmSv ]]copy aJn-ehpwkrjvSnregXnssbquo nanOslashw ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n Dnem-b-Xp-sIm-nem-sW-partv CXnepw hen-sbmcp pWbpw Bpermilw-t_mw-_p-aptnem _n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXm AtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregp tmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmw Bkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-IpartvIgn-trade-Xp-an-radic Fpartnacutepw aZvlpIƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bppart NpW-degp- -summiquest COslashcw euemdeg euemdeg Dd-sdeg-bp-dsdeg]mSn-prod-d-bp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp hmdegp-Iƒ sImnev AΩm--am-Sppart hlm-_n-I-fpsS t]Sn-kz-]v-szligƒ hnfn-regp-Iq-hppartCu euemdegbpsS nP-yumlnXnsbsyenpartv Ahiquest Kun-degp-partn-radic auenZv XS-cppartp ^ hpenZ _n hPvlnnotAJvPe Ja-dmge h^iquest JZm Aem lph-radicZo Xh- e_nln-B-Zw h vX-Jd _n Iunlo Jmen-Zge hkvX-Kmk _nlo qlpge ^Pm annot dZm hIm-^okzpnot_n C_vdmlow Asseln emw lo Dnotdegnb^npartm-cn BZ hkmd elv_p^m apJva-Zm AsXAszligs Atplusmnlw ]qiquestW Nmicro-sbpw [ph-]-tZ-iOslashvDbiquestpartp nevdegppart pound-X-sOslashbpw mWn-prodn-degppart apJ-hp-ambn ChnsS ]nd-partp Adn-bp-I Atplusmn-lsOslashsdegmnevBZw Xh- pnot sNoslashp-Ibpw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]nXm-hm-ImgeIgn-trade-Xnnot A`n-amw sImasympp-Ibpw sNbvXp IqSmsXqlv(-A) Atplusmn-l-sOslash-sdegmnev CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashn-b-Xn-m-emWv alm hn]-Oslashnnot npartv (]-f-b-Oslashnnot npartv) cpound-sprod- -Xv Xspart-bp-a-radic Atplusmnlw C_vdmlow(A)-bpsS apXp-Innot Dnem-bn-cp-part-Xn-m-emWv AmiddotnIpfimcw XWpOslashvsI -Sszlign cpound-sprod- -Xv lm Fyenm-Wn-hiquest ]d-bp-part-sXpartvAh-c-dn-bp-partn-radic tNmdpw ssIa-Sdegpw In n-bmnot GXv hymP-hm-tdm-e-Ifpw Cu XmPpnot De-am-degƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bpw

(Xp-S-cpw)

AXpw CXp-amhmwIiquesta-imkvX ]c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot AgsIm-g-ordmge

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Pam-AsOslash Ckvem-an-bpsS aspermilmcp ]Xn-prodmbn sF

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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(Im-yen-]pcw A_q-_-degiquest apkveymiquest

ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

Pm-[n-]-Xy-Oslashn-eq-sS-b-radic tXmdegnge Ipg-en-eq-sS-bmWv hnπhw htc-ne-sXpart b-apasymp kn ]n FΩnvPam-A-Oslashnssbquo Pm-[n-]Xy hncp-leX ]d-bmge Fyeniquestl-X-bm-Wp-asympXv ]mte-cn-bnepw IAEligq-cnepw kao-]-Im-eOslashv]miquestacuten S-Oslashnb nb-a-ew-Lw t]mse GsX-paran-ep-sampartv Pam-A-Oslashn-s-degp-dnregv ]d-bmge Ign-bptam

(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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(]n-W-tszligmSv A_q-_-degiquestkppartn A vImiquest hmcn-I 2010 G]nnot 7)

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2010 Pqsse 29

iwkp-plusmnoge ]me-tdegmSv

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b-I-am-sb-parannot

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G n-ep-asympXpw ]tbm-K-Oslashn-ep-asympXpw Asradic-parannot ]d-bp-partXpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-partXpw ]c-

kv]c hncp-le-am-Ippart Ap- hw Pam-AOslashv ]miquest n-bpsS Pn-XI LS--bpsS

`mK-ambn amdp-I-bm-Wv

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK

ka-bOslashv Hpermil-bmtbm kwL-amtbm hnfnregv klmbw tXSn-bmnot Ahiquest AXv tIƒdegp-Ibpw BK-l-szligƒ a- n-emdegn D]-Imcw sNoslashp-sapartpw Fgp-Xnb ]fin-XgeamiquestDsne-parannot Ah-cpsS t]cp-I-fmWv Chiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-XvCXmWv CkvXn-Km-k

]nevdegme ]fin-X-summ-cnnot s]acute dwenbpw kp_vInbpwt]mse-bpasymp GXmpw hyDaggern-Iƒ amX-amWv C]-ImcwhyDagger-ambn Fgp-Xp-part-Xv XuloZv Hcp ka-K-]-Tw Fpartne-bnnot sradicn-degpOslashv Ckvem-Cunot apkvenbmiquest 606t]Pp-Iƒ Dasymp Hcp KŸw cNn-regn- p-nev Cu ]pkvX-I-Oslashn-not ]fin-X-summiquest Fyenp ]d-bppartp Fspartmcp A[ymbwXspart-bp-nev tijw dwen-bp-sSbpw kp_vIn-bp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw amXw Dle-cn-degp-hm-mWv Cu ]ptcmln-Xv km[n-regn- p-asymp-Xv Fpartmnot ]qiquesthn-I-cmb lZokv ]fin-X-summcpwIiquesta-imkvX ]fin-X-summcpw Fradicmw Xspart ac-W-sprod- -hschnfnregv klmbw tNmZn-degnot Ap-h-Z-o-b-am-sWpartv ]Jym-]n-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv yumlm]n-degp-hmge NneIpX-yen-szligƒ- -]-am-W-szlig-fpsS ]nge_ew Cradicm-Oslash-Xn-mnot]tbm-KnregpsIm-nen-cn-degp-I-bmWv Nne ]fin-X-summiquest hscCh-cpsS IpX-yen-Oslashnssbquo Cc-I-fm-hp-partp

IpXyenw1ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregv Nne ap-jygeamiquest

_n-bpsS J_-dnssbquo ASpOslashv hpartpw hcm-sXbpw hnfnregvklmbw tXSn-b-Xmbn ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-amb Nne hmtdm-e-Iƒ alm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot Dle-cn-regn- p-netradicm Ch Dle-cnreg alm-summiquest Fradicmw-Xspart Ch-bnnot ]d-bppart kwKXn AwKo-I-cn-deg-I-bsradic sNoslashp-partXvAradicm-Oslash-]poundw Ah-cXv Dle-cn-degptam alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szligƒ iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hm-pasympXmtWm

adp-]Sn (F)alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot iniquestdegpw Ip vdpw Dƒsdegm-

asympppart ]e kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod-Sm-dp-nev A-sX-radicmw Ahiquest AwKo-I-cn-degp-partXpsIm-nem-sWpart hmZw Jp-_q-cn-I-fpsS Pev]w amX-amWv H-cp lZokv kzlo-lm-Ip-hmge ]c-ordmc (k--Zv) yumlnc-sprod- mnot amXw aXn-bm-hp-I-bn--radic ]XypX Bibw (a-Xvv) IqSn yumlnc-sprod-S-Wsapartv ap-kvenw temIw sFIy-cq-]-Oslashnnot AwKo-I-cnreg ASn-yumlmnb-a-am-Wv Bibw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-hmge [mcmfw n_-lsquo--Ifpw Ahiquest ]kvXm-hn-degp-partp-nev alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashn-not hfsc A]-ISw ]nSn-reg˛ Ckvem-anssbquo Igp-Oslashnv hscITmcn shbvdegppart kwK-Xn-Iƒ nth-Zw sNoslash-sprod- XpsIm-nemWv C]-Imcw Xocp-amw apkvenw-temIw FSp-degp-hmgeImc-Ww Nne DZm-l-c-W-szligƒ amXw ilen-degp-I

1 emOslash-sbbpw D -sbbpw kw_-lsquonregv nszligƒ Fyenp]d-bppartp atpermil aqpartm-a-tOslashXmb am-Oslash-sbbpw IpdnregvFpartv XpS-szligppart kqDagger-szligƒ Pn_vconot _n(-k)degv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-Oslash-tprodmƒ Ch Dpart-Xgeam-cmb ssZh-szlig-fm-Wv C-hnsS ip]miquesti ]Xopound Aiquestprodn-deg-sprodSmw Fpartv ]nimNvC-S-bnnot ]th-inregv _ndegv HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _n(-k) Jpiquest-B-m-sWpartv sXpermiln-le-cnregv kzlm-_n-amiquestdegv Cu`m-Khpw HmXn-sdegm-Sp-degp-Ibpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-Iƒktyenmjw ImcWw kpPqZv sN-oslashp-Ibpw sNbvXp-shpartv a-lm-summiquest Ah-cpsS KŸ-szlig-fnnot tcJ-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp C_vpA_o-lm-Xnw Xz_vcn C_vp apgeZniquest ipA-v_ _ miquesthmJn-Zn C_vp Ckvlm-Jv kplvcn A_q-aviiquest C_vpaiquestZ sshln apX-em-b-hiquest Ch-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp C_vpl-Piquest(-d) _pJm-cn-bpsS ]knle hymJym KŸ-amb

^Xvlpnot _mcn-bnnot ]d-bppartp Cu kw -h-Oslashnv ASn-Oslash-d-bpnev ( -Xvlpnot_mcn hmfyw10 t]Pv 435 InXm_pX vkoiquest A[ymbw 22 kqdOslashv ldividev) iniquestdegpw Ip vdpwDƒsdegm-asympp-part-XmWv Cu kw -hw Jpiquest-Bssbquo Igp-OslashnnotITmcn shbvdegp-part-Xpw

2 kqdOslashv dAvZv 31- mw kqDagger-Oslashnnot Jpiquest-Bge Fgp-Xn-b-hge Dddegw _m[nreg nedegv Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-mnot ]nghvkw -hn-regn- p-snepartv C_vp Aintmkv ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn[mcmfw alm-summ-cpsS KŸ-Oslashnnot nth-Zw sNoslashp-partpXz_vdn A_vZp-radicm-ln_vp lpssa-Zv(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest Ah-cnnot Dƒsprod-Sp-partp CXnssbquo ]c-ordmc kzlo-lm-sWpartpwnth-Z-I-summiquest Fradicmw Xspart _pJm-cn-bpsS nth-Z-Isummcm-sWpartpw C_vp lPiquest ]d-bppartp ( -Xp-lpnot_m-cn 1-0-˛336 InXm-_p-A- vkoiquest A[ymbw 13 kqd-Oslashp-d-A-vZv) hn-iple JpiquestBge Hcp ap-jyge Dd-szlign--sdegmnev FgpXn Dnem-degn-b-Xm-sWpartpw AXn-mnot Jpiquest-B-nnot ]ng-hp-Iƒ kw -hn-regn- p-sne-partp-apasymp A`n-]m-b-am-Wv Cu kw`hw Dle-cn-reghiquestdegp-asymp-sXpartv CXp-aqew yumlnc-sprod-Sptam Jp_q-cn-IƒhyDagger-am-deg-Ww

3 Camw kpbq-Yn(-d)degv Zqdpnot agekqiquest Fpart t]cnnotAdn-b-sprod-Sppart Hcp X vkoiquest Dnev Hmtcm Bb-OslashnssbquohymJym--Oslashnepw ]c-kv]cw tbmPn-prodn-degp-hmge km[n-degm-Oslash hymJym--szligƒ henb alm-summcnnot npartv nth-ZwsNbvXp yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partXp ImWmw Cu A`n-]m-b-sa-radicmw kpbq-Yn(-d) Dle-cn-regXp-sImnev Atplusmn-l-Oslashn-p-snepartv]-d-bppart ]poundw Atplusmnlw alm-summ-cpsS Iq -Oslashnnot Xsparts]Sptam

4 kqdOslashv Anot- -_-Jdbnse 184- mw kqDaggerw Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXradic Fpart A`n-]mbw Camw _pJmcn C_vpA-intm-knnot npartv Dle-cn-degp-partp Zpiquest_-e-am-deg-sprodacuteXmsWpartA`n-]mbw Atplusmnlw C_vp akv-Du-Znnot npartpw Dle-cn-degp-partp Cu cnev A n-]m-bhpw CXp ImcWw Camw _pJm-cndegv Dsnepartv Xedegv yumlnc-X-bpasymp Hcp ap-jypw ]d-bp-I-bn-radic

5 cIw Ah-kmw iqy-am-Ip-sapartpw Hcp ap-jy-ge--t]mepw c-I-Oslashnnot CradicmOslash Ahyuml Dnem-Ip-sapartpwA-_q-k-Cu-Zpnot JpZvcn Daiquest A_p-l-pd-bvd C_vp akv-DuZv apX-emb kzlm-_n-h-cy-summ-cnnot npartv A_vZp-d-km-Jv C_vpPcoiquest C_vpapgeZniquest Xz_vdm-n ss_l-JnC_vp A_o-lm-Xnw C_vp dml sshln Camw kpbq-Yn(-d) apX-em-b-h-scradicmw Dle-cnregv yumlnc-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-partp Jfin-degp-partn-radic AXn-mnot Cu almgeamiquestsdegradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-am-sWpartv yumlnc-sprod-Sptam ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-deg-Ww

6 kvXobp-ambn KpZ-ssa-Ypw sNoslashm-sapartv C_vp D-aiquest(-d) hniple Jpiquest-B-ns hymJym-nregpsImnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-Xmbn C_vp-P-coiquest Camw kpbq-Yn C_vp aiquestZ-ssh-ln Xz_vdm-n C_vp A_vZnnot _niquestdv Camw Zmd JpXzvn A_q-b-Av-vem C_vp dml-ssh-ln ss_l-Jn Xzlm-hn lmInw JXzo_v apX-emb alm-summiquest D-le-cn-degp-partptijw Cu A`n-]m-bsOslash Jfin-degp-partn-radic CXp-Im-cWwCh-scradicmw Cu A`n-]m-b-degm-cm-sWpartv ]ptcm-ln-XgeamiquestPev]n-degptam

adp-]Sn (_n)Hcp lZokv Hcp kzlm_n _n(k)-bn-tedegv DbiquestOslashn-

sdegmnev ]kvXm-hn-reg-tprodmƒ t]mepw B lZo-knnot ]d-bppart A`n-]mbw Xspart-bmWv lZokv Dle-cnreg klm-_n-

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 25

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

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AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

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A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

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2010 Pqsse28

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

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(Sn Bcn- -en ]t_m-[w hmcnI 2010 Pqembv 10)

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2010 Pqsse 29

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b-I-am-sb-parannot

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G n-ep-asympXpw ]tbm-K-Oslashn-ep-asympXpw Asradic-parannot ]d-bp-partXpw ]hiquestOslashn-degp-partXpw ]c-

kv]c hncp-le-am-Ippart Ap- hw Pam-AOslashv ]miquest n-bpsS Pn-XI LS--bpsS

`mK-ambn amdp-I-bm-Wv

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse26

degp-ap-asymp-sXpartv t]mepw Dd-prodnregv ]d-bp-hmge km[y-a-sradicpartvapkvenw-tem-IsOslash ]fin-X-summiquest hyDagger-am-degp-partp mb]mX-Oslashnnot Xe-bn- mnot Ggv ]mhiyw Igp-I-W-sapartlZokv _n(-k)-bnnot npartv nth-Zw sNoslashp-partXv A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) Fpart kzlm-_n-bm-Wv Fpartmnot aqpartv ]mhiywIgp-In-bmnot aXn Fpart-XmWv Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbw( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 1˛515)

a-kvImcw BZyw cnev dIv-AOslashv hoX-ambncppartp niquest-_-lsquo-am --deg-sprod- n-cp-part-Xv tijw bmX-bnnot A]-Imcw XspartDd-prodn-degp-Ibpw macutennot membn hiquest[n-prodn-degp-Ibpw sNbvXpFpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv BC-i(-d)bmWv Cul-Zo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot Hcp hn- mKw ]fin-X-summiquestbmX-bnnot cnep dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cn-degnot niquest_--lsquo-am-sWpartpw mev dIv-AOslashv a-kvI-cnregmnot a-kvImcw kzlo-lm-hp-I-bn-sradicpartpw ]d-bp-partp Fpartmnot lZokv Dle-cn-degppartBCi(d)-bpsS A`n-]m-bw bmX-bnnot cnev dIv-AOslashva-kvI-cn-degp-hmge ]mSn-sradic-partmWv mev Xspart a-kvI-cn-deg-Ww bple-cw-KOslashv amXta cnep dIv-AOslashv Npcp-degp-hmge ]mSpasympq ( -Xp-lpnot _mcn 3˛702) Jqnot-Av sNoslashnotXzem-Jm-sWpartv ]d-bppart lZokv Dle-cn-degp-partXv C_vpAintm-kv(-d) BWv Fparanepw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo A`n-]mbwXzemJv Asradic-partmWv ( -Xvlpnot _mcn)

IpXyenw 2ac-W-sprodacute _n(-k)sb hnfnregpsImnev Nne ]fin-

X-summiquest kw`m-jWw S-Oslashn-bXv Chiquest CkvXn-Km-ksbAwKo-I-cn-degp-part-h-cm-sW-part-Xnv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Pev]n-degp-I DZm Camw K m-en(-d)

adp-]Sn 1ac-W-sprod- -h-scbpw AtN-X hkvXp-deg-sfbpw A`n-

ap-Jo-I-cn-regp-sImnev kw`m-jWw S-Oslashp-I FpartmnotDtplusmniyw ac-W-sprod- -htcm AtN-X hkvXp-degtfm Bbn-cn-degp-I-bn-radic Cu ssien Ad_o kmln-Xy-Oslashnepw Jpiquest-B--nepw -_n-N-cy-bnepw [mcm-f-ambn ImWm-hp-part-Xm-WvCXv a- n-em-degp-hmge km[n-degm-OslashXpsIm-nemWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest Camw K m-en(-d)bpw apermilpw ac-W-sprod- -hsc hnfnregvk-lmbw tXSp-part-Xns AwKo-I-cn-degppart apivcn-degp-I-fm-sW-partv sXpermiln-le-cn-degp-hmge Imc-Ww kp_vInbpw dwenbpw]d-trade-Xp-t]mse Chiquest ]d-traden- p-sne-parannot AXmWvChiquest Dle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv

1 amk-prodn-d I-nemnot ]miquestYn-degp-hmge _n(-k) niquesttZ-inreg ]miquestY--bnnot sumbp-sSbpw ksum-miquestK-OslashnssbquobpwNmicroge nspart krjvSnreg Aradicm-lp-hnnot Rmge hniz-kn-regn-cndegppartp Fpartpw Fssbquobpw nssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv Fpartpw Nmicros A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnregv kw`m-jWwS-OslashppartXp ImWmw Nmicros hnfnregpw CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashmw Nmicropw ap-jyssbquo hnfn- tIƒdegp-part-Xm-Wv FpartvC-Xnssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest ]d-bptam 2--_n(-k) bmX-bnnot cmhp appartnacutep hpartmnot C]-Imcw ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-partp Aradictbm `qan nssbquobpw Fssbquobpw cpoundn-Xmhv Aradicm-lp-hm-Wv nssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartnnotn-partv Dnem-hppart Xnsum-bnnot npartpw npartn-tedegv ]th-in-degp-part Xnsum-bnnot npartpw nssbquo tanot Cg-bp-part-Xnssbquo Xnsum-bnnot npartpw Rmge A-radicm-lp-hn-tmSv cpound-tX-Sppartp (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) Cu lZo-knssbquo ASn-yumlm--Oslashnnot qan tIƒdegp-sapartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam 3 _n(k) lnPvd-bpsS thf-bnnot adeg-bpsS tsc Xncntradep C]-Imcw ]dtradep oFX atm-l-c-amb cmPy-am-Wv Fndegv Gpermilhpw kvtl-

ap-asympXv ntpartm-Sm-Wv Fssbquo kap-Zmbw npartnnot npartv Fspart]pd-Oslashmdegnbnacuten-radicm-bn-cppartpsh-parannot Rmge aspermilmcp macutennotXma-kn-degp-am-bn-cp-partn-radic (Xpiquestan-Zn) adeg-sb hnfnregv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashp-hmge Cu lZokv sXfn-hm-sWpartv Chiquest hmZn-degptam

4 -_n(-k)-bpsS ]ncopyp-Iptradev C_vdm-lo-anssbquo ac-W-th-f-bnnot _n(-k) AhnsS ]th-inregv C-]-Imcw]dtradep Aradictbm C_vdmlow nssbquo thiquest]mSv ImcWwRmge ZpJnX-mWv (_p-Jm-cn) Cu lZo-knv hymJym--ambn C_vp lPiquest(-d) FgpXppartp Cu l-Zo-knnot kw`m-jWw Hcm-tfmSpw Dtplusmniyw aspermilm-cm-tfmSpw Bbn-cn-degpIFspartmcp coXn-bp-nev ImcWw _n(-A) Ahn-SsOslash Ipacuten-tbmSv kwkm-cn-regXv cnev Imc-W-Oslashmnot Ipacutendegv Kln-degp-hmge km-[y-a-radic Hpartma-tOslashXv sNdp-prod-am-Wv cnem-a-tOslashXvac-W-th-f-bp-am-Wv nrsaquobw _n(-k) Xssbquo kw`m-jWwsImnev Dtplusmn-in-regXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslashn-cppart apermilp-asymp-hscbmWv ( -Xp-lpnot_mcn 3- 174)

5 Daiquest(-d) lP-dpnot Akv-h-Zn-tmSv C]-Imcw ]dtradepAradicmlp kXyw o Hcp Iradicm-sWpartv Fn-deg-dn-bmwnrsaquobw o D]-Im-ctam D]-Z-htam sNoslashp-I-bn-radic Aradicm-lp-hnssbquo ZqXge nspart Npw_n-degp-part-Xmbn Rmge Ziquestin-regn-acuten-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Hcn-degepw nspart Npw_n-degp-am-bn-cp-partnradic (_p-Jm-cn apkvenw) IradicpI-tfmSpw CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw Iradicp-Iƒ tIƒdegp-sapartpw ChiquestChnsS hmZn-degptam C_vp lPiquest(-d) Fgp-Xppartp Daiquest(-d) C]-Imcw ]d-tradeXv AhnsS ]spara-Sp-Oslash-hsc tIƒprodn-degmge thnen-bmWv ( -Xp--lpnot _mcn 30˛471)

adp-]Sn2C_vp lPiquest(-d) Camw K men (d) Camw dmkn

(-d) apX-em-b-hiquest ac-W-sprod- -h-tcmSv CkvXn-Kmk sNoslashm-sapartpw alm-summiquest ac-W-sprod- mepw GXv `mj-bnnot GXvka-bOslashv Fhn-sS-shregv Hpermiltdegm kwL-amtbm hnfn-regmnottIƒdegp-sapartpw ]-kvXm-hn-regn- p-sne-parannot AXmWv ChiquestDle-cn-tdeg-ne-Xv Fparannot amXta Ahiquest CkvXn-Kmk Ap-h-Zn-degp-part-h-cm-sWpartv t]mepw yumlnc-sprod-Sp-I-bp-asympq C]-Imcw yumlnc-sprod- mepw CXp aX-Oslashnnot Hcn-degepw sXfn-h-radic kradic-Xpnot Deam (]-fin-Xgeam-cpsS ]ng-hp-Iƒ) Fpartm-Wv CXnv ]d-bp-I Ahiquest Dle-cnreg sXfn-hp-Iƒ hyDagger-am-degp-I-bmWv ]ptcm-ln-X-summiquest sNtoslash-ne-Xv tijw Ah sXfn-hmtWm Fpartv NiquestregsNoslashp-hmge Chiquest aptpartm v hc-Ww

Pmd-szligfpw apermilv Alsquo-hn-izmk tImicro-szligfpw tImicroo-I-cnregv S-degppart Xacuten-prodp-Ifpw Am-Nm-c-szligfpw XpdpartpImacuteppart tcJ-Itfm hoUntbm NnX-szlig-tfm aX-cmjvShmZn-I-fpsS BZiquesti cmlnXyw Xpdpartp Imacuteppart tcJ-I-tfm Ckzvemlo ]yumlm-sOslash IpX-yen-szlig-fn-eqsSIpOslashn-prodn-fiquestOslashnb npartn-prodp-Im-cpsS Im]-Sy-szligƒ hyDagger-am-degppart tcJ-Itfm ssIh-i-ap-asymp-hiquest Zb-hmbnRszligƒsdeg-Oslashnregp Xcn-I kqc-poundn-X-amb Ah Xncn-treg-ev]n-degp-part-Xm-Wv

FUn-permiliquest Anot-Ckzvemlv amknIsF Fkv Fw _nnotUnwKv

Biquest Fw tdmUv Inew-Ip-fw tImgn-tdegmSv 2

]yumlm _lsquop-deg-tfmSv

2010 Pqsse 27

ageIqkv aueq-Znssbquo appartn-embn sImSp-Oslashn- pasymp CuXe-hm-NIw ImWp-tordmmƒ Xspart Ad_n mj Aev]-sa-paran-epw Adn-bp-part-hv a- n-emIpw CXv Ad_n mj-tbbpwAXpƒsdegm-asympppart kmln-Xy-tOslashbpw hnIr-X-am-degp-I-bm-sW-partv tmdegpI lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv ]dtradetijw BIp-partp Fpartp-IqSn Iq n-tregiquestOslashmnot AXv Ad_nae-bmfw t]mse-bm-Ip-partntradic Xoiquestreg-bm-bpw ]spoundBcmWv slOtildenwKpw apkz-partn- p-samsdeg tmdegp-partXvAXbpw t_m[-an-radicm-Oslash-h-tradic CXv tIƒdegp-tordmmƒPhm_v sNmradicm-n-cn-degp-part-Xv HmXpparthtm Hcp temhiquestss]a-dn-bnnot Ad_n ]Tn-prodn-degmge tbmKy-X-bn-radicm-Oslash-h-pwXspart-bp-a-radic lmZm ageIqkv auenZv Fpartv amXw ]d-trademnot Xspart AXnssbquo AiquestY-sa-yenmWv CXv hfsctbsdt]mcm-bva-Ifpasymp Hcp auen-Zm-Ip-partp-sh-partpw AsXXnIregpw Xcw XmgvpartXpw KpW-n-e-hm-c-an-radicm-Oslash-Xp-amb Hcpaueq-Zv ageIqkv Fpart-Xnpartv t]mcn-i-bm-deg-sprod- Xv FpartvAiquestYw shdegmge Ign-bp-I-bn-radic-tradicm- Npcp-deg-Oslashnnot HcpXcwaparaq-kv Aradic BsI samOslashw aparaqkv ]d-tradep-h-cp-partXvqem-am-e-I-fpsS Iprod-ense (k- o--bn-se) kp]-[m--am-sbmcp aueq-ZmWv Cu ageIq-kv CXn-eqsS ap-sdegmpartvIS-partp-t]m-Imw d_o-Dnot A∆not amk-Oslashnnot t]Sn-kz-]v-szligfpw NpW-degp- n-Ifpw _lp-am--]qiquesthw HmXm-dpasymp HcpaueqZmWtradicm CXv Iqpermilp-ordmm-d aqtOslash-Sw ]qtdegm- qiquestIradicqiquest Atszligm-W t]tcm-Sv ]Oslash-prodn-cn-bw Imyen-]p-cws]msum-f sradicn-degp-Oslashv amfn-b-degnot apX-emb Fradicm hordmgeDe-am-degfpw HmXp-part-Xv ]spound CsXmpartpw kzyenw hoacutennotHmXn-degp-I-bn-radic Bcmssbquo hoSp-I-fnnot t]mbn HmXn ssIa-Sdegv hmszlign Pohn-degpw Fsyenmcp ]hm-NI kvtlwCszlig-s-bpasymp ageIqkv Fpart ]Z-Oslashnv Xe-Xn-cn-tradeXvFpartpw HciquestY-ap-nev Ah-km--Oslashn-ep-asymp Apound-csOslashhyXymkw hcpOslashn Dreg-cn-regmnot aXn t]mI-sacute Xe-hm-NIw apdegv Xevdegmew Hgn-hm-degmw auenZv XpS-szligmwkp_vlm-radic Zo AXzve Aq-dlp I_ve JnotdegnnotBean hk-Ωmlp apl-Ω-Zm

AiquestYw ksummiquestK-Oslashnssbquo ZqX-mb ]hm-NI Nmicros

d_o-Dnot Ahnot amk-Oslashnnot DZn-prodn-reg-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege Xspart-bp-a-radic kiquesth-tem-I-szligfpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnpapordmmbn Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]Imiw (qiquest) Dnem-degp-Ibpw]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv ma-I-cWwsNbvX-h-p-am-b-hge FX ]cn-ip-lege CXm-Wn-XnssbquoAiquestYw ]spound hniple Jpiquest-B-n-s XInSw adn-degm-pasymp ia-Oslashnssbquo mK-ambpasymp Hcp Ap-I-c-W-am-Wn-hnsSImWp-part-Xv Jpiquest-B-nse kqd-Oslashpnot Ckvdm-Cse Hpartm-asOslash BbOslashpw ageIqkv auen-Znssbquo BZysOslash Cuhmdegp-Ifpw a- n-cpOslashn Hpartv hmbnregp tmdegq XnIregpwJpiquest-B-n-tmSv InS-]n-Sn-degm-pasymp KqV iaw AXnnot Hfn-tradep-In-S-degp-part-Xmbn t_m-[y-sprod-Spw AsX Jpiquest-Bge hN--szligsftprodmse sIacuten-degq-acuten-bp-nemdegn _n(-k)-bpsSaZvlmWv ]d-bp-part-sXpartv hymtP CkvemansOslashspart Ifn-bm-degp-I-bm-Wn-hiquest Aszlig-s-bm-W-hiquest t]Sn-kz]vszligfpwDddegw sISp-Oslashn-I-fp-am-b-Xv kiquesth-tem-Iszlig-sfbpw krjvSn-degp-part-Xnp apordmv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)-bpsS Hfnhv (qiquest)krjvSn-regp-nem-degn-sbpartpw ]kvXpX ]Im-i-Oslashnv apl-ΩZv Fpartv Aradicm-lp-hmWv ma-I-cWw sNbvX-sX-partp-amWvaueq-Zp-Im-cge Xacuten-hn-Sp-part-Xv apl-ΩZv _n(-k)bpsSPw Dnem-b-tprodm-tgdegpw ]nXm-hmb A_vZpradic ac-W-sprod-acuten-cp-partp-shpartpw Aszligs Ipacutendegv apl-ΩZv Fpartv t]cp-hn-fn-regXv ]nXm-a-l-mb A_vZpnot apOslash-en-_m-sWpartpamWvNcnXkXyw Cu aueqZv A]qiquestW-a-sradic-parante Acurrenp-X-ap-asympq Asradic-paranepw cN-bn-Xmhv Bsc-part-dn-bmOslash Ipprod-IƒIb-permilnb Iprod-e-sradic apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mbnntbm-Knreg tijw Ah-X-cn-prodn-reg Jpiquest-B-nnot BZysOslashap-jy-kr-jvSn-bmbn BZ-an-s-bmWv ]cn-N-b-sprod-Sp-Oslashp-part-Xv Fpartmnot aueo-Znnot apl-ΩZv _n-bpsS ]Im-ihpwCOslashcw A_-le-szlig-ƒ ]N-cn-prodn-degp-hmge Imordm-bn-p-I-fp-nem-degp-parthiquest kppartOslashpPam-AOslashv CsXmpartpw icn-b-sradicpartp]d-bp-part-hiquest Zonssbquo ]pdOslashv Fsyenmcp sXmen-degacuten

apeqZv XpScmw h AJvd-Plp ^o BJn-cn- -amnIam Jplusmnd h A_vZm AiquestYw Atplusmn-lsOslash AradicmlpCu Ah-km--Im-e-L- -Oslashnnot AhgeI-degmdegn nrsaquonreg]Imcw ChnsS sImnep-h-partp IqSm-sX h Anot_-klpJnnotAOslashnot Pam-en-radicXo ew bpnot_nkvlm Al-ZmAsX Atplusmn-lsOslash Ahge Ae-param-c-Oslashnssbquo hkvX-szlig-fnnot npartpw apermilm-scbpw [cn-prodn-regn- n-radicm-OslashXv [cn-prodn-degp-IbpwsNbvXp tmdegpI kXy-hp-ambn CXnpartv hradic _lsquo-hp-aptnem Aradicmlp ap-jy-cnnot Gpermil-hp-a-[nIw wKn evIn-bXv bqkp v(A) _n-degm-Wv Fpartmnot ChnsS ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n-bm-sWpartpw Icp-Xn-degqacuten pW-Iƒniquestan-regp-nemdegn Ah-X-cn-prodn-regXv ]mSn S-degm-pasymp Ch-cpsS Niquesta Lw A]mcw Xspart

hymP-summiquest sI n-bp-nem-degnb aspermilmcp hmN-I-fp-nev hymP-l-Zo-kp-Iƒ kqNn-prodn-degp-tordmmƒ lZokp ]fin-X-summiquest Hpartm-a-Xmbn AXmWv ]d-bp-I ]spound apkven-bm-cp- n-Iƒ _n(-k)-bpsS aZvlv ]kw-Kn-degp-tordmmƒ BZyw Xspart aWnregp

A_vZpnot Aen aZn

lmZm ageIqkv auenZv BIppartp

_n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXmAtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregptmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmwBkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-Ipartv Ign-trade-Xp-an-radic

2010 Pqsse28

samgnregp ]d-bpI B hmN-I-hpw AXn-XmWv euemdegeuemdeg eam Je-IvOslashpnot A vemdegv AiquestYw ]hm-N-I-tc Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Xmpara-fn-radicm-bn-cp-partp-sh-parannot Rmge Cu ]]-copy-sOslash-Oslashspart krjvSndegp-am-bn-cp-partn-sradic-partv Aradicmlp _n(-k)tbmSv ]]copy aJn-ehpwkrjvSnregXnssbquo nanOslashw ]d-bp-partXv apl-ΩZv _n Dnem-b-Xp-sIm-nem-sW-partv CXnepw hen-sbmcp pWbpw Bpermilw-t_mw-_p-aptnem _n(-k)sb temI-Oslashn-mbn nrsaquo-bn-regtXm AtXm kiquesth-tem-I-sOslashbpw _n-degp-thnenkrjvSnregtXm GXm-sWpartv B-tem-Nnregp tmdegp-I apl-ΩZv _n(-k)sb ]hm-N-I-mdegpw apordmv FXtbm qpermilm-nep-Iƒ Ign-tradep ]hm-N-Ige h^mOslashmb tijw CutemIw ne-n-evdegp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp Xspart-bp-a-radic Chn-sS-bpasymp Ap-K-l-szligsfradicmw Bkz-Zn-degmge ]hm-N-IpartvIgn-trade-Xp-an-radic Fpartnacutepw aZvlpIƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bppart NpW-degp- -summiquest COslashcw euemdeg euemdeg Dd-sdeg-bp-dsdeg]mSn-prod-d-bp-Ibpw sNoslashp-partp hmdegp-Iƒ sImnev AΩm--am-Sppart hlm-_n-I-fpsS t]Sn-kz-]v-szligƒ hnfn-regp-Iq-hppartCu euemdegbpsS nP-yumlnXnsbsyenpartv Ahiquest Kun-degp-partn-radic auenZv XS-cppartp ^ hpenZ _n hPvlnnotAJvPe Ja-dmge h^iquest JZm Aem lph-radicZo Xh- e_nln-B-Zw h vX-Jd _n Iunlo Jmen-Zge hkvX-Kmk _nlo qlpge ^Pm annot dZm hIm-^okzpnot_n C_vdmlow Asseln emw lo Dnotdegnb^npartm-cn BZ hkmd elv_p^m apJva-Zm AsXAszligs Atplusmnlw ]qiquestW Nmicro-sbpw [ph-]-tZ-iOslashvDbiquestpartp nevdegppart pound-X-sOslashbpw mWn-prodn-degppart apJ-hp-ambn ChnsS ]nd-partp Adn-bp-I Atplusmn-lsOslashsdegmnevBZw Xh- pnot sNoslashp-Ibpw Atplusmn-l-Oslashnssbquo ]nXm-hm-ImgeIgn-trade-Xnnot A`n-amw sImasympp-Ibpw sNbvXp IqSmsXqlv(-A) Atplusmn-l-sOslash-sdegmnev CkvXn-Kmk S-Oslashn-b-Xn-m-emWv alm hn]-Oslashnnot npartv (]-f-b-Oslashnnot npartv) cpound-sprod- -Xv Xspart-bp-a-radic Atplusmnlw C_vdmlow(A)-bpsS apXp-Innot Dnem-bn-cp-part-Xn-m-emWv AmiddotnIpfimcw XWpOslashvsI -Sszlign cpound-sprod- -Xv lm Fyenm-Wn-hiquest ]d-bp-part-sXpartvAh-c-dn-bp-partn-radic tNmdpw ssIa-Sdegpw In n-bmnot GXv hymP-hm-tdm-e-Ifpw Cu XmPpnot De-am-degƒ ]mSn-prod-d-bpw

(Xp-S-cpw)

AXpw CXp-amhmwIiquesta-imkvX ]c-amb Imcy-szlig-fnnot AgsIm-g-ordmge

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2010 Pqsse 29

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Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

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2010 Pqsse 27

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2010 Pqsse28

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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2010 Pqsse 29

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kv]c hncp-le-am-Ippart Ap- hw Pam-AOslashv ]miquest n-bpsS Pn-XI LS--bpsS

`mK-ambn amdp-I-bm-Wv

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse28

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(F ]n A_vZpnotJm-Zniquest aue-hn

hnNn-yenw hmcnI 2010 sabv 21)

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ae-bm-f-a-tm-ca Zn-]Xw 2010 Pqembv 5)

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2010 Pqsse 29

iwkp-plusmnoge ]me-tdegmSv

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`mK-ambn amdp-I-bm-Wv

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 29

iwkp-plusmnoge ]me-tdegmSv

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2010 Pqsse30

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b-I-am-sb-parannot

auZq-Zn-bpsS Imcy-Oslashn-em-sW-paranepw Pm-[n-]-Xy-Oslashnssbquo Imcy-Oslashn-em-sW-paranepw aX-cm-jvS-Oslashnssbquo hnj-b-Oslashn-em-sW-paranepw

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kv]c hncp-le-am-Ippart Ap- hw Pam-AOslashv ]miquest n-bpsS Pn-XI LS--bpsS

`mK-ambn amdp-I-bm-Wv

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK

2010 Pqsse 31

ambn sXpermilm-bn-cp-partp-shpartv Pam-AOslashv hniz-kn-degp-tpart-bn-

radic(]-t_m-[w 2009 BKkvXv 1 t]Pv 30)

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b-I-am-sb-parannot

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kv]c hncp-le-am-Ippart Ap- hw Pam-AOslashv ]miquest n-bpsS Pn-XI LS--bpsS

`mK-ambn amdp-I-bm-Wv

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK

AL ISLAH MONTHLYISM Building RM Road Kandamkulam Clt-2 2010 July

Edited Printed Owned amp Published by A Abdul Salam Printed at Noble Media Calicut

CMYK

CMYK