PERBEDAAN KERENTANAN VEKTOR DENGUE TErHADAP SIPERMETRIN

0,05% BERDASARKAN TOPOGRAFI

Nur Frida Ariani1, Sayono

1, Anto Budiharjo

2

Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang1,

Universitas Diponegoro2

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Nyamuk Ae. aegypti dan Ae. albopictus merupakan vektor primer dan

sekunder dalam transmisi virus dengue. Pengendalian berbasis insektisida terus dilakukan

seiring dengan tingginya insidensi Demam Berdarah Dengue. Resistensi Aedes aegypti

terhadap insektisida telah banyak dilaporkan, namun kerentanan Aedes albopictus terhadap

insektisida tersebut masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan resistensi

nyamuk Aedes spp. terhadap insektisida sipermetrin 0,05% di dua wilayah yang berbeda.

Metode: Suvei vektor dilakukan selama dua bulan sejak mei 2016 sampai juni 2016. Larva

dikumpulkan dari tendon air di dalam dan luar rumah termasuk tendon air alami, di rumah

penderita DBD dan radius 50 meter rumah di sekitarnya. Larva dipelihara menjadi nyamuk

dewasa berumur 3 sampai 5 hari, nyamuk dewasa kenyang darah dan dijadikan subjek uji

bioassay standar WHO. Hasil: Mortalitas nyamuk Aedes aegypti dari kota semarang berkisar

antara 72% - 92% dengan rerata 86%, sedangkan dari Kabupaten Semarang berkisar antara 8%

- 20% dengan rerata 16%. Mortalitas nyamuk Aedes albopictus dari Kota Semarang berkisar

antara 96% - 100% dengan rerata 99%, sedangkan dari Kabupaten Semarang berkisar antara

80% - 92% dengan rerata 87%. Simpulan: Aedes aegypti dari Kota Semarang masih berstatus

toleran, sedangkan nyamuk dari Kabupaten Semarang telah resisten terhadap sipermetrin

0,05%, Aedes albopictus dari Kota Semarang masih rentan, sedangkan dari Kabupaten

Semarang sudah toleran terhadap sipermetrin 0,05%.

Kata Kunci: Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Resistensi, Sipermetrin

ABSRTRACT Background : Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus is a primary and secondary vectors in the

transmission of dengue virus. Insecticide-based control continues to performed along with the

high incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever. The resistance of Aedes aegypti to insecticide has

been widely reported, but the susceptibility of Aedes albopictus to these insecticides is limited.

This research aimed to compare the resistance of Aedes spp. to insecticide cypermethrin 0.05%

in two regions with different heights. Method : Vector survey performed for two months from

May 2016 to June 2016. Larva were collected from the tendon of water inside and outside the

house include water tendon naturally, at DBD patient’s home and a radius of 50 meters from

the patient’s home. Larva cared into adult mosquitoes aged 3 to 5 days, adult mosquitoes full

of blood and subjected to the WHO standard bioassay test. Results: Mortality Aedes aegypti

from Semarang ranged between 72% - 92% with average of 86%, while from Semarang

regency ranged between 8% - 20% with average of 16%. Aedes albopictus mortality of

Semarang ranged between 96% - 100% with the average of 99%, while from Semarang

regency range between 80% - 92% with average of 87%. Conclusion : Aedes aegypti from

Semarang still a tolerant, while mosquitoes from Semarang regency have been resistant to

cipermethrin 0.05%, Aedes albopictus from Semarang are still susceptible, while from

Semarang regency already tolerant to cipermethrin 0.05%.

Keywords : Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Resistance, cypermethrin.

Repository.Unimus.ac.id