Abg nmemonics

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     There may be various tips and strategies to guide you, from mnemonics, to

    charts, to lectures, to practice, but this article will tell you how to interpret

    ABGs in the easiest possible way. And once you have nished reading this,

    you’ll be doing actual ABG analysis in the N!"# with fun and e$citement%

    &ere are the steps'

    1. Know the normal values

    (now the normal and abnormal ABG values when you review the lab reports.

     They’re fairly easy to remember' for p&, the normal value is ).*+ to ).+- *+

    + for pa/0- and 0001 for &/*. 2emember also this diagram and note that

    pa/0 is really inverted for the purpose of this method.

    http://nurseslabs.com/nclex-practice-questions/http://nurseslabs.com/nclex-practice-questions/

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    2. Determine if pH is under acidosis or alkalosis

    Ne$t thing to do is to determine the acidity or al3alinity of the blood through

    the value of p&. The p& level of a healthy human should be between ).*+ to

    ).+. The human body is constantly striving to 3eep p& in balance.

    p& level below ).*+ is acidosis

    p& level above ).+ is al3alosis

    3. Determine if acid-base is respiratory or metabolic

    Ne$t thing you need to determine is whether the acid base is 2espiratory or

    4etabolic.

    pa/0 5 2espiratory

    &/* 5 4etabolic

    4. Remember ROME

    6till, it all boils down to mnemonics. The mnemonic RO-ME.

    Respiratory Opposite

    7hen p& is up, 8a/0 is down 5 Al3alosis

    7hen p& is down, 8a/0 is up 5 Acidosis

    Metabolic E9ual

    7hen p& is up, &/* is up 5 Al3alosis

    7hen p& is down, &/* is down 5 Acidosis

    http://nurseslabs.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/ABGTicTacToe-Step1.pnghttp://nurseslabs.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/ABGTicTacToe-Step1.png

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    5. Tic-Tac-Toe

    And yes, ABG problems can be solved wor3 using the tictactoe method. All

    you have to do is ma3e a blan3 chart similar to this'

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    6. Mark the Chart:sing the lab result values, mar3 them on your tictactoe. !et’s begin with

    this sample problem'

    pH: 7.26, paCO2: 32, HCO3: 18

    :sing the normal values reference chart in the rst step, determine where

    the values should be under in the tictactoe. ;n the given e$ample, the

    solution is as follows'

    p& of ).01 is !/7 5 A;< so place p& under Acid

    pa/0 of *0 is !/7 5 BA6" so place pa/0 under Base

    &/* of => is !/7 5 A;< so place &/* under Acid

     ?our chart should loo3 li3e this'

    http://nurseslabs.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/ABGTicTacToe-Blank.pnghttp://nurseslabs.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/ABGTicTacToe-Blank.png

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    7. Match it up

    ;n this step, determine at which column matches up with the p&. ;n the given

    e$ample, &/*goes with p&. &/* is considered 4etabolic @shown in step *,

    and both are under Acid, so this e$ample implies 4etabolic Acidosis.

    http://nurseslabs.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/ABGMatchItUp.pnghttp://nurseslabs.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/ABGMatchItUp.png

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    8. Determine compensation

     The last step is to determine if the ABG is ompensated, 8artially

    ompensated, or :ncompensated. &ere’s the tric3'

    ;f p& is N/24A!, 8a/0 and &/* are both ABN/24A! 5 ompensated

    ;f p& is ABN/24A!, 8a/0 and  &/* are both ABN/24A! 5 8artially

    ompensated

    ;f p& is ABN/24A!, 8a/0 or  &/* is ABN/24A! 5 :ncompensated

     Therefore this ABG is METABOLIC ACIDOSIS, PARTIALLY

    COMPENSATED .

    By applying the steps above, interpret the following ABGs'

    pH:7.44, PaCO2: 30, HCO3: 21

    p& is N/24A! 5 N/24A! so place p& under Normal

    8a/0 is !/7 5 BA6" so place 8a/0 under Base

    &/* is !/7 5 A;< so place &/* under Acid

    6ince the acidity of the blood is determined by the value of the p&,

    determine whether the normal p& is 6!;G&T!? A;

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     Therefore this ABG is RESPIRATORY ALALOSIS, !"LLY COMPENSATED.

     Try this problem ne$t'

    pH 7.1, PaCO2 40, HCO3 18

    p& is !/7 5 A;< so place p& under Acid

    8a/0 is N/24A! 5 N/24A! so place 8a/0 under Normal

    &/* is !/7 5 A;< so place &/* under Acid

    ;n this case &/* goes with p&. &/* is considered 4etabolic @shown in step

    *, and both are under Acidic, so this e$ample implies 4etabolic Acidosis.

     The 8a/0 is normal. 7hen p& is ABN/24A!, and when either one of

    8a/0 or &/* is ABN/24A!, it indicates :N/48"N6AT;/N.

    http://nurseslabs.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/ABG-Example3.pnghttp://nurseslabs.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/ABG-Example3.png

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