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Pengelolaan kesehatan hewankesayangan ( Pets )

Deni Novianahttp://deni.staff.ipb.ac.id/

Bagian Bedah dan RadiologiDepartemen Klinik, Reproduksi dan Patologi

Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan IPB

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A pet………..

The most popular pets are ………..

What is Pets?

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A pet is a household animal kept forcompanionship and a person'senjoyment, as opposed to wild animals

or to livestock, laboratory animals,working animals or sport animals, whichare kept for economic or productivereasons.

The most popular pets are dogs andcats, but there are also rodent pets,such as gerbils, hamsters, chinchillas,fancy rats, and guinea pigs, and avianpets.

What is Pets?

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Rank PetGlobal

Population(million)

USPopulation

(million)123

4567

What is the most popular Pet?(for year 2006)

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What is the most popular Pet?(for year 2006)

Rank PetGlobal

Population(million)

USPopulation

(million)1 Cat 202 93.62 Dog 171 77.53 Fish N/A 171.7

4 Small mammals N/A 15.95 Birds N/A 15.0

6 Reptiles &Amphibians N/A 13.6

7 Equine N/A 13.3

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………………..

………………..

………………...

………………..

What is the effect of pets on theirowners's health?

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Keeping pets has been shown tohelp relieve stress to those who likehaving animals around.

There is now a medically-approvedclass of "therapy animals“Walking a dog can provide both theowner and the dog with exercise,

fresh air, and social interaction.Owning a pet can reduce the risk ofa heart attack by 2% and that petsare better than medication in

reducing blood pressure

What is the effect of pets on theirowners's health?

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………………….. ………………….. ………………….. ………………….. ………………….. ………………….. ………………….. …………………..

What is the risks of keeping pet?Therefore need to know the management of animal health

and the environment (PKHL)

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Allergies and asthmaFalling injuries

Disease and/or parasites due to animal hygieneproblems or lack of appropriate treatment (faecesand urine)Fear or distress from animal presenceStress caused by behaviour of animalsSpread of diseases like the fatal rabies,toxoplasmosis, another zoonotic diseases

What is the risks of keeping pet?Therefore need to know the management of animal health

and the environment (PKHL)

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1. Make the house (cage)

as safe environment:Keep out from poisons,pesticides,

medications, lowelectrical cords

How to keep the Pet Healthy andHappy ?

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2. Knowledge for generalmorphology and thesigns/criteria for healthy

pet

How to keep the Pet Healthy andHappy ?

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Cat GeneralMorphology

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What is the signs of healthy pet?

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3. Regularlycomplete check-up:Preventive vaccinationsand early detection ofdiseases for your cats anddogs

How to keep the Pet Healthy andHappy ?

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Feline Diseases & Vaccination

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Feline Diseases & Vaccination

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Weeks……

Booster………

Repeat interval……….

When should the cat be vaccinated?

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Generally, the immunity that a kitten hasat birth begins to diminish after 9

weeks.It is then usually time to begin the initialvaccinations, with the booster following

3 to 4 weeks later.Require repeat vaccination at regularintervals

When should the cat be vaccinated?

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2 months equal to…………………….

1 year equal to……………………….

10 years equal to……………………..

How old is your Cats?

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Dog Diseases & Vaccination

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Dog Diseases & Vaccination

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Weeks……

Booster………

Repeat interval……….

When should the dog be vaccinated?

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The immunity that a puppy has at birth beginsto diminish sometime between 6 and 12weeks.It is then usually time to begin the initialvaccinations, which will be repeated once a

month until the puppy is about 3 to 4 monthsold.Require repeat vaccination at regular intervals

When should the dog be vaccinated?

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2 months equal to…………………….

1 year equal to……………………….

10 years equal to……………………..

How old is your Dogs?

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Obesity leads to serious dogand cat health problems such as

heart disease.Exercise is important, but a petwill only exercise if there is anincentive to do so.The right kind of food andphysical activity can add to thequality of the pet’s life

healthy pet.

What kind of diet and exercise planto meet pet’s specific needs ?

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What kind of problems arised due toobesity?

Lung ??Skin & Haircoat

?? Join ??

Activity ??

Heart ??

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What kind of problems arised due toobesity?

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How much the cat feedrequirement?

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How much the cat feedrequirement?

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Food appreciation: cat appreciatesits food and foremost by smellThe surface of its nasal mucus is 10

times greater than humanHuman have 9000 taste buds, catonly have 19 times fewerCat does not respond to sweet

tastesThey do not synthetise taurine provide by flesh meat

Cat’s Reality in the Daily Diet

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The cat will make 10-16snacks a day

Drinks about 10times/dayMeals last only 2-3

minutesDuration of intestinaltransit 12-24 hours

(human 30-48 hours)

Digestive Performance

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Breed Type Approximate Weight of Dog(1 kg approx 2 pounds)

Amount of Food ToFeed

(1 ounce approx 100gram)

Toys: Toy Poodle, Miniature

Dachshund, Pekinese,Yorkshire Terrier, etc.

Up to 11 pounds 3.0-5.0 ounces

Small: Beagle, Jack Russell,Cavalier King Charles, etc 11-22 pounds 3.9-6.0 ounces

Medium: Basset Hound, BullTerrier, Springer & Brittany

Spaniel, etc.22-55 pounds 10.0-12.0 ounces

Large: Labrador/GoldenRetriever, German Shepherd,

Boxer, etc.55-77 pounds 16.0-18.2 ounces

Giant: Great Dane, Pyrenees,

St. Bernard, etc.77 pounds and Over 24.3-30.4 ounces

How much the dog feedrequirement?

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4 season country: most cats prefer housetemperatures above 20 degrees Celcius and mayprefer even warmer temperatures such as 25degreesIt is difficult to know if a cat is cold but some cats willseek heat when chilly – such as lay on registers or sitin the sun. Other cats love to lie in the sun regardlessof the temperatureRange for long hair: - 4 to 27 degrees CelciusShort hair: up to 4 degrees Celcius

What is the ideal temperature in acat environment?

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Five main postures to communicate inresponse to environmental changes...

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Sometimes theonly indication

of cat’semotions

Ears and Whiskers – ValuableIndicators

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Along with sleep, grooming is probablyone of the cat’s biggest activities This activities are cleaning function andalso has an important calming effectWhen cats lick themselves (lick byanother) endorphin production istriggeredEndorphin: hormones that areproduced to counteract the sensationof painLicking behavior: clearly illustratedmother-kitten relationship

Grooming Behaviors

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Kitten cats responds to stimulation by their mothers,who licks the anal-genital area after each feeding to stimulate urination and defecationEarly house training from 20-40 days years ageAt 30 days, kittens begin to approach the litter boxTiggered soon after and the kittens scratch the litter,eliminate and cover their feces or urineNo difference behavior between male and female, incontrast with dogs

Waste Elimination Behavior

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At 15th day of life, grooming is done withrough tongue and with the pawsFront paws is moistened with thetongue washcloth to reach the earsBack paws are used to reach the earsand the back

Grooming Behaviors

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Puberty at an early age: 6 months and sometimes earlier ifexposed to a lot of sunMature between 6-12 monthsHormonal secretions give the male cat facial aspects thatare different from a prepubuscent cat or a neutered catFemale cats: recommended first start gestation 8-9months oldThe period of heat: 4-8 days, is followed by a period of rest8-10 daysIf not become pregnant, this cycle will continue to repeatitself (in 4 seasons contry only from spring to autumn)

Reproductive Behavior

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Ovulation in female cat is triggered by mating so mating must occur several times in order tohave succesful fertilization

Therefore, can lead to kittens from the samelitter with different fathersOnly receptive male cat, can approach the female

Receptive sign: meows characteristic vocal soundand plays “untouchable tease” (rubbing her noseand lips on the grouns, rolling on the grouns)

Reproductive Behavior

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Mostly mating occur at night thereforeopportunities to witness are relatively rare

The female cat has calmly watched the fightbetween malesIn response to her cry, the male makes a

characteristic meow and sprayed theencounter spot with his urine

Reproductive Behavior

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Movie Mating of The Cat (1)

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Movie Mating of The Cat (2)

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Movie Mating of The Cat (3)

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Movie Mating of The Cat (4)

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Gestation lasts 58-71 daysBefore giving birth: looks for a warmand cozy place. Should be left inb peacefor the big momment

Reproductive Behavior

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Movie Cat’s Parturation

17 days

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17 days

22 days (M Mode and Color Flow Doppler)

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22 days (M Mode and Color Flow Doppler)

29 Days Color Flow Doppler

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29 Days Color Flow Doppler

35 days

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35 days

45 days

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45 days

43 days Color Flow Doppler

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43 days Color Flow Doppler

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50 days

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50 days

55 days

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55 days

55 days Color Flow Doppler

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55 days Color Flow Doppler

55 days (Great dane)

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55 days (Great dane)

61 days

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61 days

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POISONS “FOR” CATS

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TERIMA KASIH

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Have a completely rigidhyoid bone preventsthem from roaring“Purr” sound duringinhalation and exhalation,whereas big cats purr onlyduring exhalationAll small cats belong to thesame group, of which thePuma is a member

The Small Cats

Th Bi C t

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The ability to roar due to

not completely rigid hyoidboneIncluding panther, jaguar,

lion, tiger and snowleopard (panthera genus)

The Big Cats

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Successful integration: tame and familiarDiversification of breeds and feline standards: humaninterventionsShapes and colorsBreed promotion and cat behaviorA complete individualMixed breed cats, always and forever

Domestic Cats Today

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Founded in 1906, the Cat Fanciers’ Association

(CFA) the largest in US and the worldIn 1949, the Federation Internationale Feline d’Europe (FIFe) was created 40 countriesIn 1979, The International Cat Association (TICA)

In Indonesia: Cat Fancy Indonesia (CFI) , Indonesia CatAssociation (ICA),Cat Fancy Association (CFA)

Main Cat Organizations of The World

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Predigestion human vs cat