1218011045_enjel Santoso Simanjuntak_aktifitas Antibakteri Buah Makasar (Brucea Javanica) Dan Buah...

8/19/2019 1218011045_enjel Santoso Simanjuntak_aktifitas Antibakteri Buah Makasar (Brucea Javanica) Dan Buah Andaliman…

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Enjel Santoso Simanjunta| Anti!a"te#ial A"ti$it% O& Maasa# 'Brucea Javanica) and An(aliman

(Zhanthoxylum Achanthopodium)

Ju(ul ) Ati*tas Anti!ate#i +ua, Maasa# 'Brucea Javanica)(an +ua, An(aliman Zhantoxylum

Achanthopodium)

Jenis a#tiel ) A#tiel Re$ie-

Penulis ) Enjel Santoso Simanjunta

A*lasi ) .aultas /e(ote#an Uni$e#sitas Lamun

/o#eson(ensi Penulis

ama ) Enjel Santoso SimanjuntaAlamat Lena ) Jalan A!(ulmuis 3 Pon(o A!as Al4in(i o 2!

6e(un Menen Teleon ) 072271289:05E;mail ) santossmjt


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[TINJAUAN PUSTAKA]

Aktiftas Antibakteri Buah Makasar (Brucea Javanica)

dan Buah Andaliman (Zhantoxylum achanthopodium) Enel Sant!s! Simanutak

.a"ult% o& Me(i"ine Uni$e#sit% o& Lamun

Abstrak In(onesia (ienal se!aai sala, satu nea#a usat eanea#aaman enetia (a#i tum!u,an#ema,;#ema,= >a#i !e#!aai jenis #ema,;#ema, %an a(a (i In(onesia a(a (ua jenis #ema,;#ema, %an (ie#"a%a (aat se!aai anti!ate#i %aitu +ua, Maasa# ' Brucea javanica ?L=@ Me##=(an tanaman !um!u +ua, An(aliman ' Zhanthoxylum acanthopodium >B== Pen%ait in&esi tela,menja(i sala, satu masala, ese,atan te#!esa# ti(a ,an%a (i In(onesia tai jua (i (unia=Pem!e#ian anti!ioti" tela, lama menja(i sala, satu te#ai (alam men%em!u,an en%ait in&esinamun aa!ila em!e#ian anti!ioti" ti(a (ilauan se"a#a #asional ,al ini (aat menim!ulanmasala, !a#u %aitu mun"uln%a atoen %an !e#si&at #esisten= Sala, satu !ate#i %an menja(ietioloi (a#i in&esi a(ala, !ate#i Escherichia coli. +ate#i Escherichia coli (aat men%e!a!anen%ait a(a salu#an en"e#naan !isa jua men%e!a!an (ia#e (an jia samai a#a, !isasamai en(a#a,an usus= Casil enelitian men%ataan !a,-a +ua, An(aliman (an +ua, Maasa#mem!e#ian ena#u, a(a si&at &unsional see#ti antiosi(an (an antimi#o!a (enan sen%a-aDa$anoi(min%a atsi#i tanin (an alaloi(=

Kata kun"i : escherichia coli +ua, An(aliman +ua, Maasa#=

Antibacterial Activity Of Makasar (Brucea javanica) and Sichuan

Pepper Fruits (Zhantoylu! achanthopodiu!)

Abstra"tIn(onesia is no-n as one o& t,e "ent#al "ount#% -,i", ,as eneti" (i$e#sit% o& ,e#!s si"es= .#omman% (ie#ent t%es o& si"es t,at eFist in In(onesia t,e#e a#e a"tuall% t-o t%es o& ,e#!s t,at "an!e t#uste( as anti!a"te#ial ,e#!s= T,e% a#e Maasa# '+#u"ea ja$ani"a ?l=@ Me##= an( lants o& si"e Si",uan Pee# uits 'Gant,oF%lum a"ant,oo(ium >B== In&e"tious (iseases ,a$e !e"omeone o& t,e !iest ,ealt, #o!lems in ,umanHs (ail% li&e= T,is in&e"tious #o!lem ,as !een o""u##innot onl% in In(onesia !ut also in e$e#% "o#ne# all o$e# t,e -o#l(= Allotment o& t,e anti!ioti" ,as lon

!een one o& t,e t,e#a% in "u#in in&e"tious (isease= It is ,o-e$e# i& t,e (ist#i!ution o& anti!ioti" is(one i##ationall% t,is one -ill su#el% i$e an( ima"tin ne- #o!lems t,at it -ill !#in on t,eeme#en"e o& at,oens t,at a#e #esistant= One o& t,e !a"te#ia t,at !e"omesetiolo% o& in&e"tions Es",e#i",ia "oli !a"te#ia= Es",e#i",ia "oli !a"te#ia "an ee"t (isease in t,e(iesti$e t#a"t= It "an also "ause (ia##,ea an( i& t,e (isease is se$e#e intestinal #o!lem it "anmae !lee(in u= Results o& t,e stu(% an( #esea#", state( t,at t,e uits o& Si",uan Pee# an(Maasa# eFe#t inDuen"e on &un"tional #oe#ties su", as antioFi(ants anti;mi"#o!e an( Da$anoi("omoun(s -it, antimi"#o!ial essential oils tannins an( alaloi(s=

Ke# $!rds) es",e#i",ia "oli Si",uan Pee# .#uit uit Ma"assa#=

…

/o#eson(ensi ) Enjel Santoso Simanjunta| santossmjt


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en%ait a(a salu#an en"e#naan!isa jua men%e!a!an (ia#e (an jia samai a#a, !isa samaien(a#a,an usus='2'9

Penelitian;enelitian tela,!an%a (ilauan te#utama te#,a(a!e#!aai jenis tanaman #ema,;#ema,= Rema,;#ema, (an!e!e#aa jenis tanaman se"a#aemi#is memun%ai ati$itasanti!ate#i (an se"a#a t#a(isional!an%a %an (iunaan se!aaieno!atan= +a,an (alam !entusea# est#a (an min%a !an%a(iunaan se!aai o!at anti#a(ananalesi (an se!aai o!at anti(ia#e= >a#i !e#!aai jenis #ema,;#ema, %an a(a (i In(onesia a(a

(ua jenis #ema,;#ema, %an(ie#"a%a (aat se!aai anti!ate#i%aitu +ua, Maasa# ' Brucea

javanica ?L=@ Me##= (an tanaman!um!u +ua, An(aliman' Zhanthoxylum acanthopodium >B=='3

In(onesia (ienal se!aai sala,satu nea#a usat eanea#aamanenetia (a#i tum!u,an #ema,;#ema,= Rema,;#ema, selain(iunaan se!aai o!at;o!atan

t#a(isional jua (iunaan se!aai!um!u masaan untu mem!e#ian"ita #asa (an mem!anitan sele#amaan= In(onesia tela, (ieta,uise!an%a 39 jenis #ema, %an(ie#unaan namun !a#u 5: jenis%an (itulis se"a#a lena meliutiin&o#masi nama ilmia, sinonimnama loal (es#isi e#aamane#se!a#an eoloi ena#u, musimte#,a(a em+ua,an eneti (an

sitoloi eman&aatan omosisiimia (an *si enanaman (anatu#an se#ta lite#atu#='K '5

Penunaan tum!u,an se!aai!a,an o!at su(a, (iem!anan (iIn(onesia (emiian jua tentantum!u,an +ua, Maasa# %an se#in(iunaan mas%a#aat se!aai!a,an o!at= Tum!u,an +ua,Maasa# se"a#a emi#is tela,(iman&aatan se!aai !a,an o!atuntu menatasi (isent#i (ia#e (an

mala#ia (aunn%a jua (aat(iunaan untu meno!ati in&esia(a ,e-an te#na %an menalami

lua (an em!enaan a(a (ae#a,e#ut= Selain tum!u,an +ua,Maasa# %an (iunaan se!aaianti!ate#i a(a jua tanaman !um!u%an (iunaan se!aai anti!ate#i%aitu tanaman +ua, An(aliman ataunama latinn%a Zhanthoxylumacanthopodium >B= Casil enelitiantentan +ua, An(alimanmen%ataan !a,-a !u!u #ema,An(aliman mamu men,am!ate#tum!u,an !ate#i S.typhimurium,S. aureus, . cholera (an B.su!titis.Casil ini menunjuan !a,-a +ua,An(aliman selain se!aai !um!umasa te#n%ata (aat jua(iunaan se!aai anti!ate#i= '3':

+e#(asa#an lata# !elaan

masala, (an &enomena (iatasenulis te#ta#i untu mem!uatajian ustaa tentan ati*tasanti!ate#i a(a Est#a +ua,Maasa# (Brucea javanica "#.$ %err.)(an +ua, An(aliman (Zhantoxylumachathopodium >B= ) Te#,a(a+ate#i Escherichia coli=

IsiPenunaan o!at ,e#!al

meman tela, (iem!anan (iIn(onesia namun ,an%a !e!e#aa%an tela, (i!uat (alam enelitian(an memun%ai *to&a#maa %an jelas= Cal ini mem!uat a#a eneliti;eneliti semain !e#semanat untumeneliti tentan o!at ,e#!al untumenemuan *to&a#maa %an jelasa(a tanaman %an (iteliti= +ua,Maasa# (an +ua, An(aliman a(ala,sala, satu tanaman %an tela,(iteliti ole, !an%a o#an (enan

!e#!aai man&aat=+ua, Maasa# tum!u, lia#(i,utan a(an;a(an (itanamse!aai tanaman aa#= +ua,Maasa# memun%ai "i#i;"i#i e#(utea tini 1 25 mete# !e#am!ut,alus -a#na unin= >aunn%a!e#ua (aun majemu men%i#ianjil jumla, ana (aun 5 19!e#tanai leta !e#,a(aan=Celaian ana (aun !e#!entu lansetmemanjan ujun me#un"in

anal !e#!entu !aji tei !e#e#iiasa# e#muaan atas !e#-a#na,ijau e#muaan !a-a, !e#-a#na


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,ijau mu(a anjan 5 10 "m le!a#2 K "m= +una majemu !e#umul(alam #anaian !e#ua mulai a(at%an elua# (a#i etia (aun -a#naunu e,ijauan= +ua,n%a +ua, !atu!e#!entu !ulat telu# anjanseita# 7 mm jia su(a, masa!e#-a#na ,itam= +iji !ulat !e#-a#nauti, +ua, Maasa# (aat(ie#!an%a (enan !iji='7

+e#(asa#an lasi*asitum!u,an tum!u,an +ua, Maasa#te#masu &amili simarou!aceae=A(aun lasi*asin%a %aitu) /in(om&lantae 'Tum!u,an Su!in(om'racheo!ionta 'Tum!u,an+e#em!ulu, Sue# >i$isiSpermsthopyta 'Men,asilan +iji

>i$isi %anoliophyta 'Tum!u,an+e#!una /elas %anoliopsida'+e#ein >ua >iotil Su!elasosidae O#(o Sapindales .amiliSimarou!aceae 6enus BruceaSesies Brucea javanica (#.) Me##='8

/,asiat +ua, Maasa# (aatmem!e#si,an #a"un men,entianen(a#a,an 'hemostatismem!unu, a#asit anti(isent#iantiane# antimala#ia antiosi(an(an antimi#o!a='10 +ua, Maasa#

menan(un al,aloi( '!rucamarine, yatanine liosi(a '!rucein, yatanoside A dan B, *osamine (an&enol '!rucenol, asam !ru*eloi* =+ijin%a menan(un !#usatol (an!#u"eine A + B E . 6 C= (ain+ua,n%a menan(un min%alema asam oleat asam linoleatasam stea#at (an asam almitoleat=+ua, (an (aunn%a menan(untanin= Rasan%a a,it si&atn%a

(inin !e#a"un 'tosi='10

Ta!el 1= /omonen /imia +ua, Maasa#'B. Javanica)

o

Sen%a-a imia Sen%a-a %an

te#(aat a(a

+ua, Maasa#1 Alaloi( N2 .la$onoi( N9 Saonin NK Tanin N5 /uinon ;3 Ste#oi(T#ite#

en

N

: /uma#in ;/ete#anan) 'N menan(un sen%a-a %an (iuji

'; ti(a menan(un sen%a-a %an

(iuji='11

/eistime-aan an(unan +ua,Maasa# %an (aat (iunaanse!aai anti!ate#i te#(aat juaa(a +ua, An(aliman= TanamanAn(aliman memun%ai "i#i;"i#i!e#e#a-aan e#(u (enan tini 9;7 mete# !atan (an "a!an me#a,asa# !e#alu# !e#!ulu ,alus (an!e#(u#i= +ua,n%a !ulat ,ijau e"il!ila (iiit menelua#an a#oma-ani (an #asa tajam %an ,asse#ta (aat me#ansan #o(usi ai#liu#= An(aliman te#masu tanamane#(u= /lasi*asi menu#ut 'Csuan/en 18:7 %aitu >i$isiSpermathophyta, Ana >i$isi

Aniospermae, /elas+icotyledoneae, +ansa eraniales,Suu utaceae, Ma#a Zanthoxylum, Jenis Zanthoxylum achanthopodium>B= '5

An(aliman a(ala, sum!e#sen%a-a oli&enolat monote#en(an sesuite#en se#ta uinon=Selain itu (alam An(aliman juate#(aat an(unan min%a atsi#isee#ti e#aniol linalol "eneol (an"it#onellal %an menim!ulan

om!inasi !au mint (an lemon=Se,ina jia (imaan meninalane&e meneta#an alat ene"a(an men%e!a!an li(a, te#asa e!al='12

>alam enelitian ate#(iataan !a,-a asi non $olatil(a#i enus -hanthoxylum(ii(enti*asian menan(unsen%a-a Da$anoi( te#en alanoi(

pyranounoline alaloi( uartenary

isouinoline alaloi( aporphyrinealaloi( (an !e!e#aa jenis lian=Lian ini sen(i#i a(ala, sen%a-a%an (i(ua !e#e#an se!aaiantiosi(an a(a asi non $olatilest#a An(aliman= Penelitian;enelitian tela, mem!utian !a,-aan(unan sen%a-a +ua, An(alimanmemilii ati*tas *siolois %an ati& se!aai antiosi(an (an antimi#o!a%an otensial='12

>alam /emente#ian /ese,atan

Reu!li In(onesia (iataan !a,-a+ua, An(aliman memilii an(unanii (an ,al ini tela, (iteliti Pa(a


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100 #am +ua, An(aliman (enan!aian %an (ionsumsi a(ala,selu#u, !aian +ua, '100(i(aatan an(unan ene#i 88al #otein K3 #am lema 1#am a#!o,i(#at 17 #am alsium979 m &os&o# 10: m 28 m$itamin A 0 IU $itamin +1 9 m$itamin B 1K: m='19

>a#i an(unan +ua, Maasa#(an +ua, An(aliman tela, te#!uti(aat (iunaan se!aai sala, satuanti!ate#i= Sala, satu !ate#i %anse#in (itemuan (alam e,i(uanse,a#i;,a#i see#ti a(a &esesmanusia %aitu !ate#i escherichiacoli. +ate#i Escherichia coli a(ala,se!ua, nama !ate#i %an (iam!il

(a#i nama o#an %anmenemuann%a %aitu T,eo(o#Es",e#i",= Pa(a ta,un 180: Massinimem!e#i nama E="oli se!aaiBacterium coli muta!le= TasonomiEscherichia coli %aitu ) /in(omBateria >i$isio &roteo!acteriaBlassis ammaproteo!acteria O#(oEntero!acteriales .amiliaEntero!acteriaceae 6enusEscherichia Sesis Escherichia coli.

Escherichia coli a(ala, !ate#i

#am neati& %an !e#si&at anaeo#o!=E="oli te#masu !ate#i ente#i %anse"a#a no#mal !e#a(a (i usus !esa#manusia= Se!aian !esa# alu# E="oliti(a !e#!a,a%a (an just#u!e#sim!iosis mutualisme (enanmanusia= E="oli (aat mem!antumelin(uni tu!u, (a#i in&esi !ate#ilain (enan !e#ometisi (anmen,asilan colisin %an (aatmen,am!at e#tum!u,an atoen

ente#i lain see#ti !ate#i Shiella(an salmonell.'1K

+ate#i E="oli (aat juase!aai !ate#i atoen (i tu!u,,e-an (an manusia !e!e#aa &amiliEscherichia coli %an atoen (alamtu!u, %aitu Escherichia colienteropatoenic 'EPEB Escherichiacoli enteroto*sieni* 'ETEB %anmem#o(usi (ua jenis enteroto*sin%aitu tosin %an la!il te#,a(aanas 'LT (an tosin %an sta!il

te#,a(a anas 'ST Escherichia colienteroinvasi/ 'EIEB (an Escherichiacoli enterohemorai* 'ECEB atau

Escherichia coli %an mem#o(usiverositoto*sin ' VTEB=

+a"te#i eschericia colimemun%ai !e!e#aa ejala!e#(asa#an &amilin%a %aitu %

1= In&esi EPEBEscherichia coli tipeenteropatoeni* meleat a(amuosa usus (an menu!a,aasitas a!so#si ususmen%e!a!an munta, (ia#e n%e#ia!(omen se#ta (emam=

2= In&esi ETEBE&en%a a(a ese,atan(ie#anta#ai ole, ente#otosin=6ejalan%a meliuti (ia#e '%an!e#isa# (a#i (ia#e a&e!#il #inansamai sin(#om mi#i;ole#a

(enan (ia#e %an !an%a tana(a#a, atau muus #ama!(omen se#ta munta, %ana(an;a(an menim!ulan(e,i(#asi (an s%o=

9= In&esi EIEB/elainan inDamasi a(a muosa(an su!muosa usus %an(ise!a!an ole, in$asi (anmultiliasi EIEB (alam sel eitelolon= 6ejalan%a meliuti (emamn%e#i a!(omen %an ,e!at

munta, (an (ia#e "ai# 'a(a 10asus tinjan%a muninmenan(un (a#a, (anmenan(un muus=

K= In&esi ECEB/#am a!(omen (ia#e "ai# %an(aat !e#u!a, menja(i (ia#e!e#(a#a, 'olitis ,emo#ai=>emam (an munta, jua (aatte#ja(i='15

In&esi %an (ise!a!an ole,

!ate#i EPEB ETEB EIEB ECEB(aat !e#ai!at &atal jia ti(a(itanani se"a#a lansun= A(a!e!e#aa "a#a Untu enananan!ate#i &amili escherichia coli %antela, (iunaan ole, mas%as#aat=Peno!atan aan !ate#i escherichiacoli (aat menunaan o!atanti!ioti (an (aat juamenunaan o!at ,e#!al atau o!at*to&a#maa=

>a#i !e!e#aa enelitian %an

tela, (ilauan /an(unan %an a(aa(a +ua, Maasa# (an +ua,An(aliman (aat (ija(ian se!aai


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anti!ate#i (enan #oses est#asimase#asi (enan etanol= >a#i!e!e#aa an(unan %an a(a a(aest#asi +ua, Maasa# (an +ua,An(aliman !e#iut !a,an ati& %an!e#e#an se!aai anti!ioti %aitu )

1= .la$onoi(Ati$itas &a#maoloi (a#iDa$onoi( a(ala, se!aaiantiinDamasi anti!ate#ianalesi antiosi(an= .la$anoi(me#uaan sen%a-a ola# %anumumn%a mu(a, la#ut (alamela#ut ola# see#ti etanolment,anol !utanol (an aseton=.la$anoi( me#uaan olonante#!esa# (a#i sen%a-a &enolsen%a-a &enol memun%ai si&at

e&eti& men,am!at e#tum!u,an$i#us !ate#i (an jamu#=Sen%a-a;sen%a-a Da$anoi(umumn%a !e#si&at antiosi(an (an!an%a %an (iunaan se!aaisala, satu omonen !a,an !auo!at;o!atan= Sen%a-a Da$anoi((an tu#unan%a memili (ua &unsi*sioloi te#tentu %aitu se!aai!a,an imia untu menatasise#anan en%ait 'se!aaianti!ate#i (an anti $i#us !ai

tanaman= Pa#a eneliti lain juamen%ataan en(aatse,u!unan (enan meanismee#ja (a#i Da$onoi( (alammen,am!at e#tum!u,an!ate#i anta#a lain !a,-aDa$onoi( men%e!a!an te#ja(in%ae#usaan e#mea!ilitas (in(insel !ate#i. Meanisme anti;inDamasi te#ja(i melalui e&een,am!atan a(a jalu#

meta!olisme asam a#a,i(onatem!entuan #ostalan(ineleasan ,istamin a(a #a(an=Man&aat lain (a#i Da$anoi( a(ala,melin(uni st#utu# sel tu!u,=.la$anoi( menan(un sen%a-a&enol= .enol me#uaan sejenisalo,ol !e#si&at asal se,ina(ise!ut jua asam a#!olat= .enolmemilii emamuanmen(enatu#asi #otein (anme#usa (in(in sel !ate#i=

2= Min%a Atsi#iMin%a atsi#i jua !e#e#anse!aai anti!ate#i (enan "a#a

mem!antu #oses te#!entun%amem!#an atau (in(in selse,ina ti(a te#!entu= Cal ini!isa te#ja(i a#ena min%a atsi#imemilii uus ,i(#osil %an!e#iatan %an !e#iatan melalui#oses a#!so#si melalui iatan,i(#oen=

9= Te#enoi( Te#enoi( me#uaan sen%a-a&enol %an !e#si&at lio*li=Meanisme e#ja te#enoi( a(ala,(enan jalan me#usa mem!#ansel= Te#enoi( tum!u,anmemun%ai man&aat entinse!aai o!at t#a(isionalanti!ate#i anti jamu# (ananuan ese,atan= +e!e#aa

,asil enelitian menunjuan!a,-a sen%a-a te#enoi( (aatmen,am!at e#tum!u,an(enan menanu #oseste#!entun%a mem!#an (an atau(in(in sel mem!#an atau (in(insel ti(a te#!entu atau te#!entuti(a semu#na='1

K= TaninSen%a-a imia %an lain a(ala,tannin= Meanisme e#ja taninse!aai anti!ate#i !e#,u!unan

(enan emamuan tannin (alammenonati&an a(,esion a(a selmi#o!a 'moleul %an menemela(a sel inan %an te#(aata(a e#muaan sel= Taninmemilii otensi antimi#o!aa#ena (aat meninati$asia(,esin sel !ate#i 'moleul %anmenemel a(a ,oses %ante#(aat a(a e#muaan sel (anmamu men,am!at enim

t#anso#t #otein melalui mem!#ansel= Sen%a-a ini jua memilii!entu omles (enanolisaa#i(a (i (in(in sel !ate#i.(3)

5= Alaloi(Alaloi( me#uaan olonan attum!u,an seun(e# %an te#!esa#=Alaloi( memilii emamuanse!aai anti!ate#i= Pa(a +ua,Maasa# sen%a-a al,aloi( sanat!e#e#an entin se!aai

anti!ate#i= Selain itu sen%a-a;sen%a-a liosi(a '!#u"ein %anmenja(i sen%a-a ati& %an a(a


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A"ant,oo(ium >"== Pe#tan Inst

Pe#tan +oo#= 20009:=

3= Pa#,usi Aj= Pena#u, Est#a

An(aliman 'Gant,oF%lum

A"ant,oo(ium >"= Te#,a(a

Pe#me!ealitas >an Ci(#o&o!isitas

+a"illus Be#eus= Tenol >an In(

Panan= 20051327=

:= Patu#isi An(i A#misman E(% atsi#

>ji(e M Su!e,an= Penelusu#an

/omonen Antimi#o!a >a#i

Est#a >aun +ua, Maassa#

' +#u"ea Ja$ani"a ' L Me## =

T#a"in Antimi"#o!ial Bomonents

+#u"ea Ja$ani"a ' L Me## Alamat/o#eson(ensi ) An(i A#misman

E(% Patu#usi Uni$e#sitas

Casanu((in C ) 0752889213K8

Ema= S#isi .a#m Uni$ Casanu((in=

2012'L)119=

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1218011045_enjel Santoso Simanjuntak_aktifitas Antibakteri Buah Makasar (Brucea Javanica) Dan Buah...

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